Browse content similar to 01/08/2014. Check below for episodes and series from the same categories and more!
Line | From | To | |
---|---|---|---|
The ceasefire in Gaza was meant to be for three days. | :00:09. | :00:10. | |
What chance of stopping the violence in Gaza when the two | :00:11. | :00:20. | |
sides can't stop killing each other for longer than it takes to reload. | :00:21. | :00:29. | |
So much depends now on the fate of an Israeli soldier who went missing | :00:30. | :00:36. | |
this morning. If he has been captured alive, the violence could | :00:37. | :00:39. | |
intensify. Tonight, we will hear from an | :00:40. | :00:45. | |
adviser, the former secretary David Miliband and the UN's adviser to the | :00:46. | :00:57. | |
Middle East. Also: The botnet protection racket, give us your cash | :00:58. | :01:01. | |
or your websites go down. And... Newsnight's latest Proms | :01:02. | :01:08. | |
preview. Today was meant to be the day | :01:09. | :01:19. | |
when the guns of Gaza fell silent and the talking around negotiating | :01:20. | :01:23. | |
tables grew louder. This morning, at 8.00am, Gaza time, | :01:24. | :01:26. | |
a 72-hour humanitarian ceasefire A truce that took days | :01:27. | :01:31. | |
of deliberations, involving leaders US Secretary of State, John Kerry, | :01:32. | :01:36. | |
is said to have made 100 It was a huge achievement to reach | :01:37. | :01:42. | |
that 8.00am moment, more than Then, it all fell apart | :01:43. | :01:49. | |
within 90 minutes. Not only that, | :01:50. | :01:54. | |
the crisis now appears even more serious, with Hamas's reported | :01:55. | :01:57. | |
capture of an Israeli soldier. In a moment, we'll look ahead to | :01:58. | :02:01. | |
where this leaves the herculean First, | :02:02. | :02:04. | |
let's look at what happened today. As the day began, it was quiet but | :02:05. | :02:24. | |
not calm. For Gazans, a truce is time to return to their homes or | :02:25. | :02:29. | |
what is left of them. And to stock up on food, quickly. No one is ever | :02:30. | :02:37. | |
sure how long any pause will hold. This one did not last much longer | :02:38. | :02:44. | |
than one hour. Both sides blamed the other. The first major incident was | :02:45. | :02:52. | |
in southern Gaza near the crossing with Egypt. Israeli soldiers came | :02:53. | :02:57. | |
under attack as they searched for Hamas tunnels. This truce left | :02:58. | :03:02. | |
Israeli ground forces in place, to continue operations to destroy the | :03:03. | :03:07. | |
tunnels used for cross-border raids. Today, Israel said one of its | :03:08. | :03:12. | |
soldiers was captured when her Hamas gun men emerged from a tunnel. A 20 | :03:13. | :03:20. | |
Three Rd lieutenant is said to have been taken back into Gaza in a | :03:21. | :03:26. | |
tunnel. -- a 23-year-old lieutenant. His father has pleaded for his | :03:27. | :03:33. | |
release. But this has already become a major setback in the difficult | :03:34. | :03:39. | |
effort to reach a cease-fire. Hamas is being widely blamed, by both the | :03:40. | :03:43. | |
United Nations and the United States. We have and I have | :03:44. | :03:53. | |
unequivocally condemned Hamas and the Palestinian factions who are | :03:54. | :03:57. | |
responsible for killing two Israeli soldiers and abducting a third, | :03:58. | :04:02. | |
almost minutes after the cease-fire had been announced. For Israel, the | :04:03. | :04:11. | |
soldier's capture is a game changer and its worst nightmare. Almost | :04:12. | :04:16. | |
every Israeli family has a connection to the military. In 2006, | :04:17. | :04:21. | |
a young conscript, Gilad Shalit, was also captured on the Gaza border. | :04:22. | :04:26. | |
Israel blew up that tunnel shortly after. The missing soldier was a | :04:27. | :04:31. | |
major wound for five long years, until finally Israel got him back in | :04:32. | :04:35. | |
exchange for 1000 Palestinian prisoners. Hamas knows an Israeli | :04:36. | :04:42. | |
soldier alive or dead, can be a strategic weapon. Corpses and body | :04:43. | :04:48. | |
parts have also been exchanged in the past. But this time, Israel | :04:49. | :04:53. | |
warns it only response will be crushing force. | :04:54. | :04:57. | |
Joining me now is our diplomatic editor, Mark Urban. | :04:58. | :05:03. | |
Why is there so much confusion about whether or not an Israeli soldier | :05:04. | :05:09. | |
has been captured? It is interesting and gruesome. 1600 people killed in | :05:10. | :05:16. | |
Gaza but so much depends on this young lieutenant. Hamas waltzes | :05:17. | :05:22. | |
briefly told journalists they had him and then that was taken back. -- | :05:23. | :05:27. | |
Hamas sources briefly told journalists that they had him. There | :05:28. | :05:33. | |
are possibilities that he is dead. But Israelis plastered the area with | :05:34. | :05:38. | |
fire. But President Obama's statement clearly contains the | :05:39. | :05:41. | |
assumption that Hamas do have him, perhaps on the basis of | :05:42. | :05:46. | |
intelligence, and that is the assumption people are working to and | :05:47. | :05:50. | |
that is why they are worried. It puts the Israeli government on the | :05:51. | :05:54. | |
high road to military escalation rather than getting back to the | :05:55. | :05:59. | |
cease-fire business. So this means the cease-fire talks are trapped? At | :06:00. | :06:03. | |
one stage the Egyptian government said talks would go ahead. | :06:04. | :06:09. | |
Palestinians have talked about going there tomorrow. But nothing will | :06:10. | :06:14. | |
happen until it is much clearer what has happened to this man. | :06:15. | :06:19. | |
happen until it is much clearer what acknowledge that they have him, | :06:20. | :06:22. | |
maybe an understanding, they have created a situation that is too hot | :06:23. | :06:27. | |
to handle. They do, it seems, wants this cease-fire now, but if they | :06:28. | :06:34. | |
acknowledge they have him, that may frustrate it. | :06:35. | :06:36. | |
Thank you. Let's get a Palestinian perspective now. | :06:37. | :06:40. | |
Joining me from Ramallah, in the West Bank, | :06:41. | :06:42. | |
is Mohammad Shtayyeh, a Minister in the Palestinian Authority who has | :06:43. | :06:45. | |
Is it a good idea to be capturing Israeli soldiers at this delicate | :06:46. | :07:01. | |
point in the crisis? We were all hoping that this aggression should | :07:02. | :07:06. | |
stop by 8am in the morning. A Palestinian delegation were on their | :07:07. | :07:11. | |
way to Cairo. Unfortunately, violence has escalated. The people | :07:12. | :07:18. | |
in Rafa are telling us that this was taken at 6:30am, the Israeli sources | :07:19. | :07:24. | |
are saying this happened at 9am or 10am. We have two stories. | :07:25. | :07:29. | |
Regardless, the cease-fire should continue, as it has been said | :07:30. | :07:35. | |
earlier by the earlier speaker. I think the focus should not be on a | :07:36. | :07:39. | |
soldier who has been taken captive. I think we should continue with the | :07:40. | :07:47. | |
cease-fire in order for us to really stop this aggression and put an end | :07:48. | :07:53. | |
to it. But 6:30am or 9:30am, whenever he was captured, do you | :07:54. | :07:58. | |
condemn it, because it is derailing the objective which is to end the | :07:59. | :08:06. | |
suffering of the Palestinians? Thousands of Palestinians have been | :08:07. | :08:09. | |
killed. This morning, in order for the Israeli army to try and block | :08:10. | :08:15. | |
the roads leading out of rougher, more than 80 Palestinians have been | :08:16. | :08:22. | |
killed, in order for the Army to. This is an operation. The Israeli | :08:23. | :08:30. | |
army are taking aggression measures. Let's just be clear if we could deal | :08:31. | :08:39. | |
with this central issue. How is the capture of an Israeli soldier got in | :08:40. | :08:47. | |
the way? Do you condemn it? As I told you, the Israeli army is | :08:48. | :08:52. | |
occupying... So you do not condemn it? No, excuse me, if the story that | :08:53. | :08:59. | |
we have been told that the soldier has been taken captive at 630 in the | :09:00. | :09:04. | |
morning, it was in the middle of an escalation in the Israeli side. The | :09:05. | :09:10. | |
problem that occurred today is that the agreement itself has seeds of | :09:11. | :09:18. | |
conflict. When you allow Israel to continue destroying tunnels and they | :09:19. | :09:24. | |
claim the tunnels are under houses, that left seeds of conflict. On the | :09:25. | :09:29. | |
other hand in the agreement, it did allow Hamas to retaliate in self | :09:30. | :09:34. | |
defence. The two sides in the agreement, they did leave the seeds | :09:35. | :09:40. | |
of conflict which have left a catastrophic situation which we left | :09:41. | :09:47. | |
today. What happens now? Are the delegation is going to be heading to | :09:48. | :09:53. | |
Cairo in the morning for talks? Yes, yes, the Palestinian delegation | :09:54. | :09:57. | |
is going to Cairo because we are sending a very clear message. We are | :09:58. | :10:03. | |
keen on a cease-fire. We want to stop the aggression, we want to stop | :10:04. | :10:07. | |
the killing of innocent people. 80% of those who were killed in the Gaza | :10:08. | :10:11. | |
Strip are innocent Palestinian children, old men and women and so | :10:12. | :10:17. | |
on and so forth. We are keen for a cease-fire. We want all parties to | :10:18. | :10:22. | |
commit to it and nobody should be allowed to sabotage it. Is their | :10:23. | :10:28. | |
concern in Ramallah where you are, the seat of the Palestinian | :10:29. | :10:31. | |
authority, of fatter, fatter and Hamas our long-standing political | :10:32. | :10:40. | |
rivals -- Fatah. Do you believe they have been strengthened in this war? | :10:41. | :10:51. | |
We think the aggression on Gaza is an aggression on all of us. Of | :10:52. | :10:57. | |
course, we will remember one important thing, this whole war on | :10:58. | :11:03. | |
Gaza has come a month after the Palestinian reconciliation. We were | :11:04. | :11:10. | |
in the middle of bringing the whole issue to a different scenario. The | :11:11. | :11:14. | |
Palestinian Authority was going to Gaza. Hamas was not coming to the | :11:15. | :11:20. | |
West Bank. Unfortunately, the whole international community, or | :11:21. | :11:23. | |
fortunately, the international community has fully is a ported the | :11:24. | :11:28. | |
agreement on the Palestinian government. It was Israel who wanted | :11:29. | :11:34. | |
to sabotage this. Israel wants to keep Gaza totally isolated from the | :11:35. | :11:39. | |
rest of the Palestinian territory, in order for it not ever to have a | :11:40. | :11:45. | |
Palestinian state or Palestinian territory. This is what Israel | :11:46. | :11:51. | |
wants. Mohammad Shtayyeh, thank you for joining us from Ramallah. | :11:52. | :11:56. | |
So, with a 72-hour truce in tatters, and a lasting ceasefire even harder | :11:57. | :12:01. | |
to reach, what more can the United Nations do - aside from saying, | :12:02. | :12:04. | |
"there must be a ceasefire!" We're joined from UN Headquarters | :12:05. | :12:07. | |
in New York by Jeffrey Feltman, the UN's Under-Secretary-General | :12:08. | :12:10. | |
for Political Affairs. He's the main man advising | :12:11. | :12:12. | |
the Secretary-General on the Middle East. | :12:13. | :12:21. | |
Can there be a continuation of cease-fire talks now? We have no | :12:22. | :12:30. | |
choice but to continue pushing for a cease-fire. If we look at the | :12:31. | :12:34. | |
casualty rate just from today, it is appalling. We link the escalation | :12:35. | :12:39. | |
directly back to the capture of the Israeli soldier this morning. Israel | :12:40. | :12:45. | |
says it can't continue, even though Ban Ki-Moon has said the 72 hour | :12:46. | :12:50. | |
humanitarian cease-fire must resume. The language Israel is using | :12:51. | :12:57. | |
tonight is crushing force. We are very aware of the language the | :12:58. | :13:00. | |
Israelis are using and others are using, but I can assure you that our | :13:01. | :13:05. | |
goal is to figure out a way to protect the civilians who are the | :13:06. | :13:08. | |
ones who are caught up in this conflict. To find a way first of all | :13:09. | :13:13. | |
to make sure the humanitarian relief to those sheltering in their | :13:14. | :13:17. | |
schools, continues to flow, that we find ways to bring in food, water | :13:18. | :13:23. | |
and sanitation etc. But we also have to get back to where we were | :13:24. | :13:27. | |
yesterday, which is bringing the parties around the idea that this | :13:28. | :13:31. | |
cannot continue. That unique to have enough of a pause for the | :13:32. | :13:35. | |
humanitarian side and enough of a pause to create the political space | :13:36. | :13:41. | |
that you start to deal with some of the issues that are handed back row | :13:42. | :13:44. | |
raised, that you need to address to make this durable. -- that Mohammad | :13:45. | :13:54. | |
Shtayyeh raised. We have seen Gaza erupt into this fighting | :13:55. | :13:57. | |
periodically. We cannot have this every couple of years. But can you | :13:58. | :14:05. | |
actually pick up where you left off, because the UN | :14:06. | :14:07. | |
Secretary-General said what has happened today, the breaking of the | :14:08. | :14:12. | |
cease-fire, the kidnapping of the soldier, calls into question the | :14:13. | :14:17. | |
assurances given by Hamas. Do you actually have a movement to | :14:18. | :14:20. | |
negotiate with still? Can you trust them? I do not think this is an | :14:21. | :14:28. | |
issue of trust. That is what the Secretary-General said. He said | :14:29. | :14:32. | |
called into question means you do not trust any more what Hamas said, | :14:33. | :14:39. | |
they do not keep their promise. We certainly did work on the assurances | :14:40. | :14:43. | |
that we got yesterday, that we received yesterday, to try and put | :14:44. | :14:46. | |
in place the cease-fire. It did not work. But that does not mean we | :14:47. | :14:51. | |
should not be trying again and learning from what happened this | :14:52. | :14:55. | |
time. What did you learn from what happened this time? I hope that | :14:56. | :15:05. | |
others have learned and thought hard about the fact that whether they | :15:06. | :15:10. | |
like it or not, when there is an Israeli soldier that has been taken | :15:11. | :15:15. | |
captive, the Israelis are going to take very tough measures. We saw | :15:16. | :15:21. | |
this in 2006 with Lebanon as well. You mentioned the Gilad Shalit | :15:22. | :15:25. | |
capture in 2006 and you may remember how hard the Israelis then hit the | :15:26. | :15:28. | |
Gaza Strip and the same thing happened a month or so later with | :15:29. | :15:33. | |
Lebanon. The war between Israel and Lebanon. Those who took the soldier | :15:34. | :15:40. | |
today need to think about what is in the best interests of the | :15:41. | :15:45. | |
Palestinians. Right now I would say the best thing is to try and work | :15:46. | :15:49. | |
with all parties to get back to where a cease-fire can create enough | :15:50. | :15:54. | |
of a pause that you start to get political momentum to a more durable | :15:55. | :15:59. | |
solution. I do not let how we get back to where we were yesterday that | :16:00. | :16:02. | |
we have to explore our options to do so. How are you talking to Hamas, a | :16:03. | :16:09. | |
terrorist organisation, in the mind of the United States and the | :16:10. | :16:13. | |
European Union. Are you and officials sitting down face-to-face | :16:14. | :16:17. | |
talking to Hamas? I'm not going to get into the tactics - Are you | :16:18. | :16:21. | |
talking directly, so you can give them the messages you are giving us | :16:22. | :16:26. | |
tonight on Newsnight. Can you give those directly to Hamas, | :16:27. | :16:29. | |
face-to-face? Yes. Yes, face-to-face? We have many ways to | :16:30. | :16:35. | |
make sure that Hamas understands our message and Hamas has ways of | :16:36. | :16:38. | |
communicating with us through a variety of channels and through a | :16:39. | :16:42. | |
variety of means. Including face-to-face? I'm not going to go | :16:43. | :16:49. | |
into how we do this. I'm sorry. I just... There are ways we | :16:50. | :16:54. | |
communicate. There are ways that we can try to verify that messages get | :16:55. | :16:59. | |
through when they aren't direct. There are other ways of talking as | :17:00. | :17:06. | |
well. 24-hours ago the focus was on the high civilian casualty toll in | :17:07. | :17:13. | |
Gaza. Atrocious action, to use again the Secretary General's words. What | :17:14. | :17:18. | |
is the message to Israel? There has to be some way of providing greater | :17:19. | :17:25. | |
civilian protection. There has to be some way that these casualty rates | :17:26. | :17:29. | |
do not continue to escalate in the way that they're going now. It's | :17:30. | :17:36. | |
heartbreaking to see the imagery that your news broadcasters and | :17:37. | :17:40. | |
others are sending out from Gaza. The Secretary General has made it | :17:41. | :17:43. | |
very, very clear that, even in times of war, there are rules. There are | :17:44. | :17:48. | |
international standards that have to be applied. So we, despite the | :17:49. | :17:55. | |
heightened emotions that the Israelis today have, we still have | :17:56. | :18:05. | |
to counsel that restraint, that taking extraordinary measures to | :18:06. | :18:09. | |
protect civilians is a requirement under international law. These | :18:10. | :18:13. | |
messages are the same today as they were yesterday. Very good luck with | :18:14. | :18:18. | |
the negotiations. Thank you for joining us. | :18:19. | :18:26. | |
It may seem like a long time ago, but the spark for this conflict | :18:27. | :18:30. | |
wasn't lit in Gaza, it was the killing of three Israeli teenagers | :18:31. | :18:32. | |
in the West Bank which precipitated the events that led to the pounding | :18:33. | :18:36. | |
Today, Hamas called on Palestinians from all factions to participate | :18:37. | :18:39. | |
in a Day of Rage against the Israeli Defence Force | :18:40. | :18:42. | |
There have been eruptions of violence in the West Bank | :18:43. | :18:49. | |
since the conflict started, Tim Whewell spent the day there. | :18:50. | :18:57. | |
They say they'll sacrifice themselves for Gaza. But here in | :18:58. | :19:05. | |
Hebron today, there was much that Arabs could do but shout their | :19:06. | :19:10. | |
hopeless rage over the deaths of so many Palestinians. They flew the | :19:11. | :19:18. | |
green flag of Hamas along the side of the Fatah party that has been | :19:19. | :19:22. | |
ruling the West Bank because, two months ago, the once warring | :19:23. | :19:26. | |
Palestinian factions finally formed a joint government. Then, many | :19:27. | :19:29. | |
hoped, that was a step towards peace. No-one here is thinking of | :19:30. | :19:36. | |
that today. This demonstration is emphasising Palestinian unity, but | :19:37. | :19:40. | |
now it's not about unity in favour of a settlement, it's simply about | :19:41. | :19:47. | |
resistance to Israel. This youth worker wasn't a Hamas supporter. But | :19:48. | :19:51. | |
what is happening in Gaza makes him and everyone here back Hamas now. | :19:52. | :19:57. | |
People are very angry. They see children killed in Gaza. They see | :19:58. | :20:02. | |
women, mosques demolished. We see a lot of homes completely destroyed. | :20:03. | :20:08. | |
Neighbourhoods completely smashed, dismanteled completely. People are | :20:09. | :20:11. | |
angry. Violence in them started growing. Two months ago, he says, | :20:12. | :20:22. | |
everything looked very different. They announced they were ready to | :20:23. | :20:28. | |
negotiate with Israel and ready to follow the international conditions | :20:29. | :20:32. | |
and rule. They recognised Israel. Israel was deeply suspicious of the | :20:33. | :20:36. | |
unity government. If you walk through the rocky countryside | :20:37. | :20:40. | |
outside Hebron, you see why. The it's near here, soon afterwards, | :20:41. | :20:45. | |
that three young Israeli hitchhikers were kidnapped. Near here that a | :20:46. | :20:50. | |
huge search operation began. TRANSLATION: It was 5.00pm we were | :20:51. | :20:55. | |
sitting outside a restaurant and soldiers arrived. There must have | :20:56. | :21:02. | |
been 1,000 of them. Eventually, on this pass, the young men's dead | :21:03. | :21:08. | |
bodies were found. Israel, which blamed Hamas, it was proof that the | :21:09. | :21:20. | |
unity government backed terrorists. What happened here is the deep | :21:21. | :21:25. | |
mystery at the heart of the current crisis. The deaths of those three | :21:26. | :21:31. | |
hitchhikers led indirectly to the deaths already of 1,500 people in | :21:32. | :21:35. | |
the warring Gaza, which, on a clear day, you would be able to see in the | :21:36. | :21:40. | |
distance over there. Yet, it's still not clear whether Hamas, as an | :21:41. | :21:43. | |
organisation, was responsible for the murders. This is what happened, | :21:44. | :21:49. | |
the same day the bodies were found, when Israeli forces came to the | :21:50. | :21:50. | |
house of one of the murder suspects. TRANSLATION: They made me and my | :21:51. | :22:01. | |
children leave the house. Then they came in and destroyed. It they broke | :22:02. | :22:10. | |
all the windows. At 2.00am in the morning they strapped dynomite | :22:11. | :22:14. | |
sticks to the walls and blew this part of the house She denies up. Her | :22:15. | :22:19. | |
son, who has now disappeared, could possibly have been involved in the | :22:20. | :22:23. | |
murders. The Israeli government says that he and another suspect were | :22:24. | :22:28. | |
following Hamas orders. Hamas has carried out many kidnappings, it | :22:29. | :22:32. | |
denies this one. Others think the murders were the work of a lone cell | :22:33. | :22:38. | |
affiliated to Hamas. Whatever the truth, there is no doubt of this | :22:39. | :22:41. | |
mother's support of the militants. TRANSLATION: I want freedom fighters | :22:42. | :22:48. | |
to bring us victory and Gaza to be victorious. Israel hit us so | :22:49. | :22:51. | |
brutally. Taught us to hate them. They don't want peace. Today, in | :22:52. | :22:57. | |
Hebron, some of the protesters certainly didn't want peace. In a | :22:58. | :23:02. | |
ritual that has been repeated again and again, they began throwing rocks | :23:03. | :23:08. | |
at Israeli soldiers. The troops replied with rubber bullets. Laters, | :23:09. | :23:13. | |
protesters claimed, with some live rounds. About 80 people, according | :23:14. | :23:18. | |
to the demonstrators, were wounded. This man believes the rage will burn | :23:19. | :23:22. | |
for a long time and he thinks the war on Hamas is counter productive. | :23:23. | :23:27. | |
Israel is giving the opportunity for Hamas to be stronger. They are not | :23:28. | :23:32. | |
destroying Hamas. They are strengthening Hamas by targeting the | :23:33. | :23:36. | |
civilians and targeting them in Gaza. On the other hand, they are | :23:37. | :23:44. | |
weakening their partner. Israel thinks the opposite. That | :23:45. | :23:47. | |
Palestinians will tire of war and turn against Hamas. But that isn't | :23:48. | :23:57. | |
happening here yet. For a broader reflection on this Gazan war | :23:58. | :24:10. | |
David Miliband, the President and CEO of the International Rescue | :24:11. | :24:12. | |
Of course, he was Foreign Secretary from 2007 to 2010 and | :24:13. | :24:16. | |
on his watch the world grappled with a previous war in Gaza. | :24:17. | :24:19. | |
I started by asking him who he blamed. | :24:20. | :24:21. | |
It's important the focus remains on the civilian casualties. It seems | :24:22. | :24:25. | |
evident from the news today that Hamas did break the ceasefire. The | :24:26. | :24:29. | |
hard won ceasefire, the hard-fought ceasefire that was established this | :24:30. | :24:33. | |
morning. The terrible tragedy is, Hamas cannot rocket their way to | :24:34. | :24:37. | |
victory and Israel cannot bomb its way to security. And, at the centre | :24:38. | :24:42. | |
of this conflict, are 1.8 million civilians who are at the absolute | :24:43. | :24:45. | |
epicentre of a terrible military storm. I think their needs need to | :24:46. | :24:51. | |
come centre stage, if any sanity is to be restored. Negotiations should | :24:52. | :24:54. | |
still continue, even though there is now an Israeli soldier, it seems, in | :24:55. | :25:01. | |
captivity? I think it's very important that all sides recognise | :25:02. | :25:07. | |
that the rights of civilians in war are absolute, over hundreds of | :25:08. | :25:08. | |
years, through to are absolute, over hundreds of | :25:09. | :25:11. | |
years, through the Geneva Conventions, especially in 1949 that | :25:12. | :25:17. | |
established the rights of civilians in warfare, there is a drive to | :25:18. | :25:21. | |
ensure new laws were established. The trend we have seen, not just in | :25:22. | :25:26. | |
Gaza, Syria, in Sri Lanka too, is that civilians aren't just pawns in | :25:27. | :25:31. | |
a conflict, they end up becoming the victims without any proper status at | :25:32. | :25:37. | |
all. The whole notion of a non-combattant inner conflict is now | :25:38. | :25:40. | |
under threat. I think that's a very serious issue for democratic | :25:41. | :25:43. | |
societies around the world and for those who would seek to undermine | :25:44. | :25:48. | |
them. Has Israel used disproportionate force in this | :25:49. | :25:49. | |
crisis, in this war? disproportionate force in this | :25:50. | :25:52. | |
crisis, in this Well, look, for me as a leader of a humanitarian | :25:53. | :25:57. | |
charity, it's important to assert that a single civilian, who loses | :25:58. | :26:05. | |
their life innocently in a war, that is to breach the most fundamental | :26:06. | :26:08. | |
basics of international humanitarian laws. If you are a lawyer you have | :26:09. | :26:12. | |
to look at questions of intent and have to look at wider questions of | :26:13. | :26:16. | |
porportionality. What I'm saying to you is, for me, as someone leading a | :26:17. | :26:21. | |
humanitarian organisation, I want to assert the principle that every | :26:22. | :26:25. | |
single civilian life is worth defending. When a single civilian | :26:26. | :26:29. | |
life is lost, that is disproportionate to the norm that is | :26:30. | :26:32. | |
have been established. The norms are about absolute rights, not about the | :26:33. | :26:37. | |
tradeoff of rights of civilians. The now you are wearing a humanitarian | :26:38. | :26:42. | |
hat rather than the Foreign Secretary hat, you would say it has | :26:43. | :26:45. | |
been a disproportionate use of force by Israel? Of course. Of course. Of | :26:46. | :26:51. | |
course. 80% of the civilians that have been lost, 80% of the | :26:52. | :26:54. | |
casualties in this war have been civilians. As the leader of a | :26:55. | :26:58. | |
humanitarian movement I have to defend the principle, after | :26:59. | :27:01. | |
centurieses in which civilians were, to use your phrase "caught in the | :27:02. | :27:08. | |
cross fire of war" in 1949, the Geneva Convention, established | :27:09. | :27:10. | |
absolute rights for civilians in defence of times of war. That is | :27:11. | :27:17. | |
being brooched. The the the situation that faces the people of | :27:18. | :27:20. | |
Gaza tonight is that 1.8 million of them are trapped in an area where | :27:21. | :27:25. | |
frankly there is no safe zone. That is completely contrary to every | :27:26. | :27:30. | |
basic fibre of being that anyone can really understand or uphold. Has the | :27:31. | :27:34. | |
British Government been strong enough in its condemnation of | :27:35. | :27:40. | |
civilian casualties? Look, I'm not spending my time following the ins | :27:41. | :27:45. | |
and outs of British politics. I will not get into a partisan political | :27:46. | :27:52. | |
attack one way or another or defence of the British Government. What I | :27:53. | :27:55. | |
think is important is that democratic societies around the | :27:56. | :27:59. | |
world uphold the principle that democratic governments are held to | :28:00. | :28:03. | |
higher standards than terrorist organisations and that is the | :28:04. | :28:06. | |
defence of civilians in times of war. I think that the stakes now are | :28:07. | :28:11. | |
very high indeed. Not just in Gaza, but more wide spread because the | :28:12. | :28:16. | |
idea that civilian rights and the interests of civilians, never mind | :28:17. | :28:22. | |
the thousands, tens of thousands of children at stake, the most t | :28:23. | :28:28. | |
innocent of all, the fact it could be traded away is very difficult | :28:29. | :28:33. | |
indeed. Diplomacy is needed more than ever. I remember 2009 when I | :28:34. | :28:38. | |
was at the centre of negotiating the ceasefire for the 2008-0 # Gaza | :28:39. | :28:44. | |
conflict, at the heart is reestablishing political stability | :28:45. | :28:47. | |
in the Gaza Strip. That means the re-entry of the Palestinian | :28:48. | :28:50. | |
Authority as the governing authority there. And reassertion of basic | :28:51. | :28:54. | |
humanitarian at the heart of the Middle East. David Miliband, thank | :28:55. | :28:55. | |
you. Now, to shift gear. If you live on the internet, | :28:56. | :29:07. | |
getting knocked offline could ruin your whole day - | :29:08. | :29:09. | |
such is the world we live in. If you make your living | :29:10. | :29:12. | |
on the internet, then it's a lot more serious | :29:13. | :29:14. | |
when someone kills your connection. Your entire business could be | :29:15. | :29:16. | |
at stake. Pay up, they're telling tech | :29:17. | :29:18. | |
companies, or we'll take you down. They're using what's known as | :29:19. | :29:22. | |
a Distributed Denial of Service, or Malicious attacks | :29:23. | :29:24. | |
on websites have grown in frequency Our technology editor, | :29:25. | :29:29. | |
David Grossman, reports. If you want | :29:30. | :29:38. | |
your business competitors to go If you want your rivals to | :29:39. | :29:40. | |
go offline, well they will. You have to admit, | :29:41. | :29:44. | |
it's pretty brazen, offering to take The weapon, a distributed denial | :29:45. | :29:47. | |
of service attack, or DDoS. A denial of service attack is all | :29:48. | :29:56. | |
about filling up the resources of a website, so that legitimate | :29:57. | :30:02. | |
requests can't get through. In the physical world, | :30:03. | :30:07. | |
you could think of it as something like a sit-in or | :30:08. | :30:10. | |
if you had all of your friends go to a store, fill the entire space, | :30:11. | :30:13. | |
but not actually buy anything. The result is, | :30:14. | :30:16. | |
a whole load of clients or potential customers who can't access your | :30:17. | :30:19. | |
website for hours or even days. The worrying development though is | :30:20. | :30:23. | |
an increasing number of these attacks are now being launched, | :30:24. | :30:27. | |
not personal revenge or business A hacker writes | :30:28. | :30:31. | |
a virus that then infects a whole load of computers, sometimes running | :30:32. | :30:42. | |
into the hundreds of thousands. Then, unknown to the owners of those | :30:43. | :30:46. | |
computers, the hacker instructs this network, known as a botnet, | :30:47. | :30:51. | |
to attack the target website. Previously, the people who made | :30:52. | :30:56. | |
these botnets would hire them out to email spammers who would try | :30:57. | :31:00. | |
to sell you Viagra or convince you they were the Nigerian | :31:01. | :31:04. | |
Finance Minister or something. But the email providers have got | :31:05. | :31:07. | |
much, much better The answer they've come up with, | :31:08. | :31:10. | |
is to turn them into a weapon The sums demanded to stop attacks | :31:11. | :31:19. | |
are comparatively trivial. The targets are often small to | :31:20. | :31:24. | |
medium-sized tech companies who cannot afford to be offline | :31:25. | :31:32. | |
for a minute, let alone a day. Companies like meetup, a social | :31:33. | :31:35. | |
network for community groups. The attack started on a Thursday | :31:36. | :31:40. | |
morning, early. We received an email asking | :31:41. | :31:44. | |
for money to stop the attacks. They hadn't actually started yet, | :31:45. | :31:47. | |
but within a few minutes of receiving | :31:48. | :31:50. | |
the email we saw large traffic that That was the start of a five-day | :31:51. | :31:53. | |
battle to bring the site back up It was really a kind | :31:54. | :32:01. | |
of cat-and-mouse game with Meetup is pretty rare | :32:02. | :32:08. | |
in being a company that doesn't mind I've been in contact with many | :32:09. | :32:15. | |
more who, although happy to talk CloudFlare is a network protection | :32:16. | :32:23. | |
company based in San Francisco. They say they've seen a huge | :32:24. | :32:32. | |
increase in the numbers of tech I think that there's | :32:33. | :32:35. | |
a reluctance to talk about this happening because there's a | :32:36. | :32:39. | |
perception that these companies have The challenge is, | :32:40. | :32:42. | |
a lot of these companies have done Some of the companies we have | :32:43. | :32:52. | |
seen are incredibly tech-savvy. They have contingency plans | :32:53. | :32:54. | |
in place, redundant providers. The attackers, the criminals, | :32:55. | :32:57. | |
can generate so much traffic that unless you have the resources | :32:58. | :32:59. | |
of a company like CloudFlare or Google, that literally has a global | :33:00. | :33:02. | |
network, it's very hard to defend Smashing the window, | :33:03. | :33:04. | |
putting it out of business. It's, effectively, | :33:05. | :33:08. | |
like an old mobster sort The police have | :33:09. | :33:10. | |
a straight-forward view of this activity and say they will | :33:11. | :33:18. | |
investigate if complaints are made. So far there has been one successful | :33:19. | :33:21. | |
prosecution in the UK These programmers were filmed | :33:22. | :33:27. | |
by Greater Manchester Police threatening a DDoS attack | :33:28. | :33:32. | |
on an online casino. But, in this case, the extortionists | :33:33. | :33:34. | |
were known to the victim. When there is that connection | :33:35. | :33:38. | |
between the victim and the offender, obviously it's | :33:39. | :33:41. | |
a lot easier to investigate. But even when there isn't that | :33:42. | :33:43. | |
connection, there is still obviously stuff law enforcement can do | :33:44. | :33:45. | |
because they still have to have an element of communication with | :33:46. | :33:49. | |
the victim because they want Obviously, | :33:50. | :33:52. | |
if they are attacking a number of different companies, then they might | :33:53. | :33:56. | |
be using the same email address, the same language in the email that | :33:57. | :33:59. | |
gets profiled and you can build a The random nature of most DDoS | :34:00. | :34:03. | |
attacks means the long-term answer Attacks are magnified | :34:04. | :34:10. | |
by exploiting a weakness in the very To find out about a website, | :34:11. | :34:16. | |
a computer will send a very short In one type of DDoS attack, | :34:17. | :34:27. | |
hackers use this to their advantage by telling the websites to send | :34:28. | :34:37. | |
the response to the server they're trying to knock offline instead | :34:38. | :34:40. | |
of back to themselves. The target network is then inundated | :34:41. | :34:43. | |
with data that makes the attack far These kinds of attacks exploit | :34:44. | :34:47. | |
the open, free-flowing way that internet servers around the globe | :34:48. | :34:54. | |
communicate with each other. There are fears that introducing | :34:55. | :34:57. | |
more checks and limits could slow But while we wait for a solution, | :34:58. | :35:00. | |
many tech companies take the view it's better to pay up | :35:01. | :35:04. | |
the comparatively small amounts of money being demanded | :35:05. | :35:08. | |
and hope the extortionists move As part of our season of Proms | :35:09. | :35:10. | |
previews, in the week we remember Here's the 100-strong Military Wives | :35:11. | :35:25. | |
Choir performing, Home They Brought Her Warrior Dead by Gustav Holst, | :35:26. | :35:29. | |
and conducted by Gareth Malone. # Home they brought her warrior dead | :35:30. | :35:32. | |
# She nor swooned, nor uttered cry # All her maidens watching said, | :35:33. | :35:49. | |
# She must weep or she will die. # Then they praised him, soft and | :35:50. | :36:00. | |
low, # Called him worthy to be loved, | :36:01. | :36:05. | |
# Truest friend and noblest foe, # Yet she neither spoke nor moved. | :36:06. | :36:15. | |
# Stole a maiden from her place, # Lightly to the warrior stept, | :36:16. | :36:28. | |
# Took the face-cloth from the face # Yet she neither moved nor wept. | :36:29. | :36:38. | |
# Rose a nurse of 90 years, # Set his child upon her knee | :36:39. | :36:49. | |
# Like summer tempest came her tears | :36:50. | :37:00. |