10/02/2016 Outside Source

the weekend. Very wintry at the start of next week.

It is an art of international news this is Outside Source.

It is an art of international news live from the BBC newsroom.

Where else to start but New Hampshire and a huge loss

Donald Trump and Bernie Sanders - both outsiders in their parties -

But politically, they're polls apart.

We must tell the billionaire class and the 1% that they cannot have it

all. He wants to give away our country, folks! We are not going to

let that happen. 100 years after Einstein predicted

the existence of gravitational waves, scientists in the US

may have found them. What are they and why

should you care? Fighting in Syria's biggest city,

Aleppo, is still sending thousands The Turkish President is calling

on the UN to do more. Climate change could make some

transatlantic flights slower. In particular if they are coming

from America to Europe. It's all because of changes

to the jet stream. We are live on the BBC newsroom --

from the BBC newsroom. You can contact us at @BBCOS. We are open

for business! Donald Trump and Bernie Sanders won

the New Hampshire primaries. Bernie Sanders got 22% more

than Hillary Clinton. He got over 60%. A resounding

victory. Donald Trump first,

followed by John Kasich, Marco Rubio was third in Iowa, he

was seen as having momentum that he was back in fifth.

And the candidates are starting to fall.

Carly Fiorina ends her bid for the Republican

Their debut newsagency posts this, but everybody has the story. -- the

AP newsagency. And Politico are reporting that

Chris Christie is preparing We can talk to Katty Kay in a

moment. First, let me play you the two winning candidates.

Thank you, New Hampshire! We are going to do something is so good and

so fast and so strong, and the world will respect this again. The

wealthiest people and largest corporations in this country will

start paying their fair share of taxes.

Congratulations to Burnley, in all fairness. We have to congratulate

him. We may not like a... We must tell

the billionaire class and the 1% that they cannot have it all. He

wants to give away our country, folks. He wants to give away. We

will not let it happen. We are going to impose a tax on Wall

Street speculation. We're going to rebuild our military,

it's going to be so big, so strong, so powerful.

We are going to make public colleges and universities tuition free.

I am going to be the greatest jobs president that God ever created.

Given the enormous crises facing our country, it is just too late for the

same old same old establishment politics.

We have political hacks negotiating deals for billions and billions and

billions of dollars. Not going to happen any more.

We are going now to South Carolina, we are going to win in South

Carolina. Now it is on to Nevada, South Carolina and beyond. On they

go. All the top candidates spent

an awful lot of money Jeb Bush spent the most -

$36.1 million. Hillary Clinton spent over ?10

million. Bernie Sanders over $8 million. -- Hillary Clinton spent

over $10 million. Donald Trump only

spent $3.7 million. That works out to close

to about $1150 a vote for Jeb Bush, On the Democratic side

Hillary Clinton spent more than Bernie Sanders in New Hampshire

- the reverse is happening in South Carolina, which is the next

stop in this process. Just about every day at the moment

we are talking to Katty Kay, either live from Washington or on the

campaign trail. She is with us now. Donald Trump looked so excited that

he might explode at some point. The big question, you were staying in

hotel at him, the BBC team was, did he come back and celebrate? No, he

got straight on his private plane, of course. We were staying in a

rather down-market Best Western hotel near the airport, Donald Trump

was one night. The moment after he gave a speech, he hightailed it to

the private jet and got back to Trump Tower in New York, he did not

stay any longer at the Best Western and he had to. Politico are carrying

a story about Chris Christie, will this definitely happened? We hear

that Chris Christie is getting out and Carly Fiorina, two mob

Republicans out of the race. No surprise, they both polled very

badly in Iowa and in New Hampshire. I suppose the question is which of

the other so-called establishment Republican candidate can pick up

some of their votes. One interesting thing about last night, Donald Trump

did spectacularly well, but if you add up the total votes of the

establishment candidates Jeb Bush, Chris Christie, Marco Rubio, John

Kasich, you get to more than Donald Trump got, which suggests that

Republicans are looking for something else, they just need one

candidate to coalesce around. Politico are asking some questions,

I will list them and put them to you. They suggest that the

Republicans are now staring into the abyss after that result, do you

agree? This is a big shape up for the Republicans and for the Democrat

-- shake-up. I think that New Hampshire reflects a changing

America, that is becoming where income inequality is growing, fear

of immigration is growing, political polarisation is growing. All of

those factors, whereby you are on the Democratic side or the

Republican side, Bernie Sanders O'Donnell Trump, play into how you

are voting. I would not say it is just the Republican party staring

into the abyss. The Democrats have to sort out whether they will go

this body like Hillary Clinton who says she is electable, or somebody

like Bernie Sanders who can tap into the energy at the moment. The third

politico headline I spotted when I was walking on set as to how much

trouble Hillary Clinton is in, assuming she is in trouble. Is that

fair? It is. Bernie Sanders and his supporters are real. They have a

movement that has survived in Iowa, did very well in New Hampshire and,

if nothing else, will stay in this race and be a thorn in Hillary

Clinton's side for weeks if not months. Hillary Clinton's weaknesses

are Shakespearean. She has all of the qualifications to be president,

a lot of people believe she would make a very good president, but she

has personal weaknesses that are playing out in this campaign. Her

obsession with secrecy, the Clintons' desire to earn more money.

Those weaknesses are really coming back to haunt her in a way in some

ways that they did in 2008. She is a flawed candidate even if she would

be a good president. Thank you very much Katty I imagine we may speak

again tomorrow. If you are watching outside of the UK, Katty comes on

world News America after the programme.

Around 100 years ago by Albert Einstein proposed

the existence of gravitational waves.

Now scientists in the US believe they have definitive proof.

We think that they will announce it tomorrow.

We cannot go any further on this story without an explanation

I'm definitely not the person to do it -

The idea is every object sends out ripples of gravitational energy,

invisible disturbances in the fabric of space and time. Einstein proposed

that the universe is awash with these waves. The tunnel is so long

down here that we had to get into this to drive down the length of it.

It is three kilometres. But when a gravitational wave passes through

here, it changes the length of the tunnel by a tiny amount. Just a

fraction of the width of an atom. It is this that scientists are trying

to spot. Successful open a new window onto the universe, one that

would not have been possible without Einstein.

I've also been talking to Rebecca about this.

Here she is. Gravitational waves are so fundamental to physics, they

would predict that by Einstein 100 years ago, part of his beautiful,

beautiful and general relativity. Everything that has been ticked off,

black holes, the motion of the planets, but gravitational waves

have been missing for so long. If we finally find out tomorrow at the big

announcement that there is a confirmation, we have had a signal,

we have found that... You mean there is a chance they will say they

haven't? It would be the worst press conference ever. If they say we have

seen them, it will change everything. The universe is awash

with them, they are everywhere. It will tell is about the object

emitting them, we both emit them, but we are puny in terms of

universal terms. Black holes colliding, exploding stars, it would

tell us about these objects millions or billions of light years away from

an off the gravitational energy. We would be able to see the universe

and hear it as well. Not that Einstein's reputation needs a boost,

he is a giant of the scientific world, but does this add to his

reputation? This is 100 years on from him publishing his amazing

field equations and coming up with the theory of general relativity. It

is another string to his bow, not that he really needs them, but the

scientists involved in the US who have been involved in this

discovery, if they confirm it, from the BA Nobel Prize, so not bad work.

What do they have to offer us all to prove they have located these? They

will need to get a really good signal. They will need to have an

idea of what it came from, perhaps an exploding star, perhaps colliding

black holes. They have run lots of models to show what these waves

should look like, the signals they have picked up in their underground

detector should match our predictions. They would have to be

pretty confident to reveal it to the world, the tension here it is

looking quite exciting. I think this is probably as big as if not bigger

than the Higgs bows and discovery, gravitational waves are so

fundamental to physics. The fact that we have not seen them rubber

and we have perhaps finally found them is amazing.

I really hope they announce it tomorrow, I suspect Rebecca will be

disappointed! I think they will! Soon we will hear

what the chairman of the US Federal Reserve has said about the state of

the US and global economies. The British government wants that

time is running out to get a deal with the junior doctors over

overtime and pay. It comes under mounting speculation that ministers

are expected to force a contract on England's 55,000 trainee medics. A

second strike took place across England today, with doctors

providing only emergency cover. It is something that is better for

doctors who work regularly on a Saturday for nurses working in the

same hospital, the ambulance driver taking a patient to hospital, health

care resistance in the hospital. I think it is a good and fair deal and

we should be working together to do the right thing.

We come into medicine because we care passionately about providing a

safe, good service to all patient, and we know that this contract will

threaten our ability to provide that safe service.

This is Outside Source live from the BBC newsroom.

Donald Trump and Bernie Sanders won decisive victories

in the New Hampshire primaries as Americans select the candidates

Let 's pick-ups and stories from BBC World Service. -- pick up some

stories. German police are investigating

whether human error could have caused two passenger trains

to collide in Bavaria. BBC Mundo reports

that a second report into the disappearance of 43

students in Mexico says that no DNA from the students was found

at a rubbish dump where the Government says

they were killed. One of our most read stories

of the past few hours is that Premier League footballer

Adam Johnson has pleaded guilty to one count of sexual activity

with a child and one He's denied two charges of sexual

activity with a girl aged under 16. He currently plays for Sunderland

and has represented England We have a tweet from our colleague

Anna Holligan. The Dutch and Turkish Prime Minister is described it as a

joint priority. Anna's using the hashtag Aleppo

because the there's an escalation And that's forcing thousands

to flee towards Turkey. Next here's an estimate of how many

people are gathered on the border. This is the charity Mercy Corps

talking to BBC Turkish. Where sizeable needs existed

already, but were being met, services are being stretched. The

campus settings at the moment, we're talking about double the population

of this time last week. The population of approximately 30,000

is now close to 60,000 people. Of course, the needs are immense. We

are talking about very basic needs. Shelter is a challenge, food, there

is definitely a need for mattresses, blankets, floor mat and clothing,

winter clothing. A lot of the people displaced left their homes with

nothing. Many of the refugees are running

from fighting the fierce President Assad's forces appear

close to cutting off the rebels and the Syrian Information Minister

says the Government will win TRANSLATION: Any expectations about

Aleppo would not be exact, but I don't think the fight will last

long. The groups we are fighting our big, well-financed and armed with

new weapons. That is why this is not easy. But there will be a day when

all of Aleppo will return, the suburbs, the occupied parts of the

city, will return to Government control.

As ever with the Syrian conflict, mapping what is happening

This is the latest outline we have of Aleppo.

All of the green areas you can see on the map are controlled by

Government forces or militias loyal to them, but near the centre of

Aleppo there is a beige area controlled by rebels.

Mahomoud Ali Hamad from BBC Arabic has been telling me about the rebels

It controls part of Aleppo, namely East Aleppo. Since 2012, the city

has been divided into West Aleppo, and a regime control, with a

population of roughly a million, and East Aleppo, under the opposition,

basically factions that have at some point been supported by the

coalition, namely the Americans. Now they have been cut off by their main

route to Turkey and the northern suburbs of the province of Aleppo.

On the graphic there is an area controlled either Kurds, where do

they fit in? This is where it gets difficult to explain. The Kurds have

different allies. The Americans are keen on working with them. They

think they are vetted in terms of their relations to other extremist

groups. A sickly, they are the other side of Aleppo, it might well be the

safety net for the opposition on the eastern part of the city to get some

kind of aid or even a weapons supplied, ammunition into the city.

What are you hearing from people still in the city? People have

started to converge on to the Borders about four or five days ago.

We understand there are about 35,000 people in no man's land, and few NGO

agencies have been providing some basic help. The Turkish authorities

are not allowing those people to cross. To be frank, everyone is just

waiting to see how the Turks will deal with what looks like a dire

crisis, but on a much bigger scale. I mention this every programme but

there is a lot of background information on this very complex

conflict on the BBC News website which makes it as clear as it can

be. You can find that on the website or the BBC news app. No time for

business. Janet Yellen is the head

of the US Federal Reserve. She's testified to Congress

about the state of the American She also gave her analysis of the

global economy. Michelle Fleury was watching in New

York. What was her verdict? It was a particularly timely piece of

testimony given Macon didn't appear strange, certainly in the financial

markets at the moment. -- given that it appears strained. She gave a

mixed message, what you might expect, which is that she is worried

that global turmoil, worries and conditions in the financial markets,

could spill over and lead to slower economic growth. But for now the

fact remains on course to raise rates later this year. As to the

timing of any rise, she was not giving anything away. She would have

been quizzed by politicians, but hers is an independent role separate

from Washington, DC politics? That's right. America's Central bank has a

jewel mandate to focus on full employment and to meet its inflation

target of around 2%. Looking in America right now, the Labour

picture is looking pretty decent, especially if you consider the most

recent jobs report which shows an employment at 4.9%. On the inflation

side, they are well below target. That said, Janet Yellen indicated

she does not want to wait too long and is trying to come if you like,

ward off runaway inflation. That is why they are moving in the direction

of raising rates. The question for the markets and everybody is the

timing of the rate hikes and whether or not they will be derailed or

delayed because of concerns over what is happening in the global

economy. Thank you very much for updating us on that. Staying in the

United States... Disney has released

its latest figures. Quarterly profits reached

$2.9 billion, that's up But - this is interesting -

shares fell over 4% The sports channel ESPN had

a lot to do with that. It's seen its subscriber base fall

because people are switching Here's a clip on this

of the analyst Guy Bisson. No other demographic is moving as

quickly towards online platforms as young people and teenagers and

so-called millenials. The challenge for Disney is hitting that audience

both in the pay-TV space but also for advertising. One way to counter

this is to start to license two people -- license to people like

Netflix. They are also exploring direct consumer options, so in the

UK we have had the launch of Disney Life, a monthly subscription

delivered over the Internet, targeting the young demographic who

is watching online increasingly. A report now on Germany's

apprenticeship system. I don't know if you know that

Germany has Europe's lowest rate of youth unemployment -

and this system is thought to be one They might look like students, but

these are the future leaders of Europe's largest technology company,

Siemens. Apprentices like 20-year-old Ben. When he is not

sitting at a desk, Ben is getting on-the-job experience. That is

because apprentices in Germany divide their time equally tween the

classroom and the factory floor. If you go to university, you sit there

and don't see anything. You talk about something that you are not

doing it. Here, you go, you talk about something and later you go to

the centre and work there and get something done and you can see it

and hold it in your hands, that is important for me that I can say,

that is what I did. The big draw is that most trainees are guaranteed a

job afterwards. At Siemens, it is how most of the top managers started

out. Apprenticeships may be great for the young people themselves, but

they are incredibly expensive for the German companies employing them.

At Siemens, each young trainee cost the company 100,000 G Rose, almost

$110,000. What do German companies get out of this? Managers tell me

that apprenticeships provide the exact skills needed and Germany's

low unemployment rate and ageing population means there is increasing

competition for workers. What makes the German approach hard to imitate

is the support the scheme gets from the rest of the country. Classroom

learning is paid for by the States, and vocational apprenticeships are

generally well respected. I was just talking with Michelle about Janet

Yellen's statement, one market watcher tells us that stocks are up

as that statement is digested. That is it for the first half of the

programme, speak to you in a few minutes.

Let's take a look at some of the weather forecast from around the

world. A massive contrast to temperature wise across the United

States in California,