01/03/2016 Outside Source

weather in the forecast. Fingers crossed, things quieten down into

the weekend. Hello, I'm Ros Atkins,

this is Outside Source. We're live in South Africa

at Wits University. It is a cool evening here in South

Africa. It wasn't earlier, we were in one of the biggest storms I've

ever seen. If you saw our earlier edition, you'll know what I'm

talking about. Fortunately the rain has gone away and we have some

brand-new graphics, meaning that in the same way, when I'm in the

newsroom I can convey to the information on the biggest stories

for you, I can now do the same thing wherever we are from. We are in

South Africa to talk about another spike in student protests. We've

seen three major university campuses shot over the last two weeks with

Brace, tuition fees, lack of equality and language all incredibly

potent subjects -- race. We'll also be taking a look

at migration in South Africa. We have covered it in Europe and

also here. 2 million foreign nationals live here, some of them

legally and some of them a large -- illegally.

We'll also bring you the rest of the days news from around the world.

We will be speaking to Katty Kay in Washington, DC because it is Super

Tuesday in America. 11 states are voting

for their Republican We will bring you up-to-date with

the campaigns. And we will be in the north of France.

Police in France have been clearing out

the migrant camp known as the Jungle for a second day.

Hundreds of migrants hoping to come to the UK have been living there for

months. As ever, if you have questions about

the stories we are covering, get in touch. I especially encourage you to

do that, we have a range of experts joining us. If you want the pressure

on the south African economy explained, if you want the

popularity of the ANC explained, these are good questions on which to

send questions. Let's give you more of an idea of where the Wits

Business School is. If I bring up the map you can see South Africa and

Johannesburg. This is by far the biggest city, one hour 's drive away

from the capital, Pretoria. You can see the Wits Business School is just

next to CBD, the town as the people from Johannesburg called it and we

are grateful that they have allowed us to be here so late. We have been

talking about student protests but to understand the last fortnight we

have to look at last year. In March there was a campaign to have a

statue of Cecil Rhodes taken down from the University of Cape Town and

the statute was removed. In October, an even bigger campaign, some say

the biggest youth movement in South Africa 's 1976 called Fees Must

Fall, protesting the fall in petition -- the rise in tuition

fees. The government responded and said that they would freeze the fees

for 2016. That sent a potent message to South Africans that action can

deliver change and that is why we have to look at last year in

examining what is happening this year. I have highlighted three

places for you. In the last fortnight, all have had to close

campuses, Major campuses because of protests and violence. In Mafeking

on Thursday, admission to buildings were burnt in clashes between

security forces and protesters. Next, looking at Pretoria, clashes

there as well. That has been over the use of Afrikaans as a language

for teaching. There is an Afrikaans must fall campaign and that has been

rejected. We must talk about Bloemfontein because there were

scenes of protest conducted by from early black students at the

half-time of a rugby match. White students came onto the pitch and

violence broke out, which continued in Bloemfontein for the rest of the

day. So, very significant moments. President Zouma responded very

swiftly, saying that. In a moment we will speak to one of

the most senior student activists in South Africa. Questions for him are

welcome. First, a couple of artistic to give us some context. -- a couple

of statistics. Of the South African university population, 78% of

students are black and 76% of the population are black, so the figures

match well. But of all of the household income generated in South

Africa, only 43% goes to black families, and that helps us to

understand why some black people feel that wealth is not fairly

distributed and opportunity is not given equally here in South Africa.

Let us make the first of our guests, the economic freedom fighters is a

political party set up by a former member of the ANC and it has been

closely attached to the Fees Must Fall campaign. Vuyani Pambo from

Fees Must Fall joins us. You achieved your goal in October, what

is the goal now? The goal is to free the majority of black people in this

country, free quality education, up to the attainment of a first degree.

You want everyone to have free education? That is what we are

saying, we don't want to get into the particularities of how to pay

for it. I suppose you have too. There is money there, the

re-privatisation of the government, the slimming down of the Cabinet,

cutting down on corruption, that would bring in the money. For me it

isn't a question of where the money is, it is there. There was a report

by the Minister released late last year saying that free education is

possible, there is no political will to do it. We had a live stream on

the Facebook page and you said it isn't just about the tuition fees,

you used the phrase decolonisation. But people who are not aware of what

that means practically, can you explain it? It will be difficult to

explain, it is a project of imagination because you are asking

colonial subjects to talk about the colonialisation. Are you still Alan

Knight? My language is not seen as intelligible -- are you still

colonised. What is your language? I don't think that's important. Our

language has been used as a polarising element, so I refused to

jump into it. I recognise myself to be all of these things. I'm

interested, is your vision for South African education that it would use

Afrikaans, or English at all? My brother, when we question the use of

Afrikaans over the other languages, innocence we are saying, we at

elevating the conversation -- in essence. This is saying that some

people matter more than others. How can some minority have its language

elevated above other languages that have a majority in other campuses?

Over the last month we have issued repeated requests to Wits caplet

University to provide someone to take part but they have not done

that and they have not sent a statement -- Wits University. I'm

sure you are hearing some criticism of Wits and wondering why there

isn't a response. We have been asking for this. Milton, every

person in a senior position from the University of South Africa I have

heard say they are prepared to listen to the students but sometimes

they are not very keen on their methods. Yes, that's very true.

What's happened is that the administration, the management at

Wits University led by Professor Adam had even have asked the

students not to vandalise the property of the university and they

have asked that political parties do not try and influence events within

campuses because there is an election coming up this year in

South Africa, a local government election. He thought that political

parties might try to take advantage of the current protests by

influencing their own issues which are actually outside the campus.

This isn't necessarily a criticism but by listening to the campaign of

Vuyani and Fees Must Fall, the cat is out of the bag, the message to

the South African students is that ibuprofen test, we might listen?

Very true. I covered the Fees Must Fall protest at the University of

Johannesburg and here at Wits and in Pretoria. The issues have gone

beyond purely educational matters. The students are raising big

societal issues. In other words, here we have to go back to history.

We are going back to 1994, when Nelson Mandela became the first

black president of South Africa after the end of apartheid. I guess

you always have to go back to history. We will carry on talking to

our guests and some of the students who have come out here to talk to

us. We are grateful to those who have come along. I was mentioning

1976, the youth movement, that is relevant because kids in Soweto were

objecting to being taught in Afrikaans and then in some cases

they were shot dead by the police for making that point. The issue of

language is incredibly potent in South Africa. We are going to bring

you a lot of coverage of South Africa because we are here in

Johannesburg but we are going to cover the rest of the news.

Americans are heading to the polls for Super Tuesday,

the biggest day so far in the Presidential primaries.

It is part of the campaign to select the two nominees. 11 states are

involved. Katty Kay is joining us. Is it fair to say that a knockout

blow could be delivered today, or is that overemphasising the portals of

Super Tuesday? Yes and no. I think by the end of this voting today,

when the millions of votes are tallied, we will have a pretty good

idea of who is going to be the Democratic nominee for the

presidency and who is going to be the Republican nominee. This is a

fantastically busy dying -- fantastically complicated situation

and therefore there is some wiggle room. Donald Trump could win every

state but still not had enough delegates to be able to say that he

has dealt a knockout blow to his rivals. The others might say that

technically they can get the votes to be the nominee and will stay in

the race. I don't know if anyone will drop out tonight because they

will cling to a bit of hope. I suspect we will have a fairly good

sense of whether Donald Trump is unstoppable on the Republican side

and the same for Hillary Clinton on the Democratic side. I guess it's

inevitable with the candidates and personalities before us, personality

is a big part of the election but can we pinpoint certain policies and

the positions of candidates on the issues that could swing things? I

wish we could! Every American election is about personality. The

president is elected almost as much on character and whether Americans

want him or her in their living room for the next four years as they are

on their policies. It is startling on the Republican side how few

policies Donald Trump has put forward. We are justified in talking

about him, he is the frontrunner by a long way. If you look at his

policies on economics, his foreign policy, his policy on social issues,

there is an incredible paucity of ideas, he hasn't put forward a

platform. He is running on his character and temperament. I always

like following US politics and I like following South African

politics and we are here with students from Wits University. Nadia

has a question for you. A lot of South African students have become

politicised, what role is the American youth playing in the

campaign? You'll have to repeat for me. Nadia was just asking the South

African students, they have become very politicised, are we seeing the

same amount US students? That's a great question, Nadia, because we

have seen with the Bernie Sanders movement on the Democratic side a

big turnout of young voters, like we did in 2008 with Barack Obama. The

big question going forwards, if Hillary Clinton is indeed the

nominee, will be young voters who turned out in their thousands for

Bernie Sanders go to the polls in November as well? Is this just a

Bernie Sanders movement, or is it a broad democratic wave of political

activism by young Americans? We won't know the answers until we have

a nominee. Thank you for joining us. You are in for a busy day. Full

coverage of Super Tuesday as the results come through on BBC News.

And thanks to Nadia for the question. In a few minutes we are

going to look at the issue of migration, a special report on the

lives of Pakistani 's and Zimbabweans in Johannesburg and how

they are treated by South Africans. The only remaining suspect

in the Omagh bombing of 18 years ago has been

released from jail. Seamus Daly was freed hours

after the case against him collapsed due to inconsistencies

in the evidence of a key witness. He's always denied involvement

in the Real IRA attack Relatives of the victims,

including Cat Wilkinson, whose brother, Aiden,

died in the bombing, have

vented their frustration This is a huge blow to my family and

to my mother who couldn't come here today. She came through the Hoey

trial and the trauma of those testimonies. We have no doubt that

the last time when Seamus Daly was here was in a bomb car and for him

to walk away a free man, my brother is in his grave, sometimes we have

to bring back the reality of what these people do. There is no

political will to bring these... This is Outside Source live

from the BBC newsroom. We're in a beautiful courtyard at

the Wits Business School in Johannesburg to talk about the

student protests that have gone on over the last couple of weeks. The

main story in South Africa is that the South African government and

universities a ai that they need to look at the issue and work out how

to hear the concerns of students while containing the violence that

the universities and government have been condemning.

BBC Brasil is focusing on new research into the Zika virus,

which suggests that it may be linked to a severe neurological disorder

Iran's president says the outcome of recent parliamentary elections

shows that its people want to end confrontation

Reformists made major gains in the vote.

This is footage of what appears to be a meteor in the sky over

Police received a large number of calls after a big,

Lots of interest in that on the BBC News App.

The two main global stories for the BBC today are Super Tuesday, which

we were just talking about, and what has happened in Calais in the north

of France. For the second day, police have been tearing a part of

what is known as the Jungle camp, a former settlement where many

migrants are living and wait to see if they can reach the UK. I can

bring you the graphic. Calais is in the north-east of France, on the

coast. It has a big port with passenger ferries to the UK. The

camp is close to the port and close to the tunnel that goes underneath

the English Channel. The proximity of the camp to the main routes to

the UK isn't a coincidence. The BBC's reporter has been there all

day long and this is the latest report.

A second day of demolition in the camp and you can see the debris

everywhere. Bulldozers have been collecting the pieces of wooden

crates, people's homes and dumping them in large bins. They have picked

up -- packed up for the day and have been followed by the riot police.

There has been little resistance to the the militia in squads compared

to yesterday however there has been protest -- to the demolition squads.

One woman threatened to cut her wrists, she was taken away by the

police. Still, for many people who are in this camp, this miserable,

wet, dirty place represents their best chance, they believe, of

reaching the UK because of its proximity to the port of Calais. So

they are resisting attempts to move them into the official accommodation

inside the converted shipping containers. Many of the people to

whom we have spoken here have tried multiple times to board trains to

the UK. The border is closed to them. We have seen people picking

through the burnt out rubble of their homes, trying to collect

pieces of the Koran. We have seen tension but none of the violence

from yesterday. Darkness is falling, the police have left, some of them

on the periphery are armed with batons and CS gas, prepared for

trouble just in case. The number of migrants and refugees coming into

Europe is a story we have covered extensively. We haven't though

looked in detail at migrants and refugees coming into South Africa.

We have a special report in the back half of the programme in about 25

minutes. Normally at this time we will do our business, number of

global stories. One global business story directly affects South Africa

because there was a huge announcement from Barclays Bank

earlier, plenty of speculation about it in advance but today it confirmed

it will except Africa. Barclays has been in Africa since 1925. It is a

decision of huge significance. The boss of Barclays Bank explained why

he took the decision. The reality is that the new revelatory environment

means we carry 100% of the liabilities of owning Barclays

Africa. We only owned 62% of Barclays Africa, the rest is owned

in the public market in Johannesburg. 100% of liability, and

62% of the earnings, which truncates the possible returns for Barclays

shareholders on earnings in South Africa. It is a difficult decision

-- in Africa. The Barclays brand is as strong in Africa as it is in the

UK but we have to make some difficult decisions if we are going

to get Barclays into a focused, clear, compelling business model

that generates returns for our shareholders. Given that we are at

the Wits Business School it wasn't hard to find someone who wanted to

give us their analysis of this announcement from the South African

perspective. It has been in the news for more than a month, it is

something that the market had anticipated. It didn't come as a

surprise when they make the announcement that they are leaving

Africa. It doesn't feel good but I think there could have been

fundamental issues in forming the decision. To begin with, The

Barclays Starc has been on a downward spiral -- stock. At one

point it was 205 South African Rand, and today it is going for about 140,

a fall about 30%. So it has been in decline. This announcement from

Barclays is relevant to all of Africa but it is being felt keenly

in South Africa where the economy is in the words of the Finance

minister, in crisis. Let's show you the GDP figures, they came out

today. Growth of the economy was 1.3%, down from 1.5% in 2014. The

projection for this year, 0.9%. This economy is feeling the squeeze. I'm

going to talk to Northern about the reasons why. Sorry to interrupt you.

Milton, help us understand, for people who are not following the

South African economy, what are the factors putting it on the back foot?

Number one, there are domestic factors. Currently there are

allegations that the president is at loggerheads with the new finance

minister. They are calling it wore on the front page of one paper. It

is pretty interesting because late last year the president had an

amazing reshuffle where he had three finance ministers in a matter of

days -- war. Eventually the man who used to be the finance minister in

the first time of President Zouma came back and now he is the current

finance minister -- President Zuma. It sounds like politically the

president is many more towards the revenue and services guy. You wait

for ages for one to come along and you have three in a week! Let's talk

about junk status because I have been here for a few days and

everywhere I turn, especially the business pages, everyone is worried

about South Africa being given junk stating is that map junk ratings by

the ratings agencies. It will make it difficult for South Africa to

borrow internationally and everything becomes more expensive

because of interest rates. If you own a clothing store and you don't

pay your credit card and suddenly you are about to be blacklisted and

that is what the country is worried about. Thank you for joining us.

When we were on air earlier, we were in the middle of an enormous

thunderstorm which was inconvenient for us but many people pointed out

that it is good news for the farming sector, experiencing its worst

drought in a century, so the rain is welcome from that point of view.

Back with you in a moment. It is the time of night when we look

at the world weather. Starting in the US, where the drama of Super

Tuesday has been matched by some pretty dramatic