04/10/2016 Outside Source

Hello, I'm Ros Atkins, this is Outside Source.

Let's look through some of the main stories here in the BBC Newsroom.

The fiercest Caribbean storm in almost a decade has struck Haiti.

Wind, rain and a massive storm surge have flooded coastal towns.

It's just a few hours until the second debate

This time it's the two vice presidential candidates,

We've got a report from the BBC's Asian Network that's looked into how

some Asian families in the UK are using informal adoptions to help

Maria Sharapova has had her band from ten is reduced and she's going

to be back on the court by April. We will speak about that and Fifa plans

to expand the World Cup -- from tennis. -- ban.

For once, and you suspect it will only be once,

the running mates are centre stage in the US presidential election.

Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump have kept them in the shade.

But these two are Tim Kaine and Mike Pence.

One of them is going to be the next vice president.

Who better to introduce you to them than Katty Kay?

Let's assume there are people who are starting from scratch, tell us

about these two men. Those people are not alone, many Americans can't

name the vice president candidates either, so don't be ashamed. We

haven't seen much from them. This isn't Sara Payne in, who everybody

knew in 2008. Mike Pence is the governor of Indiana, the Republican

Vice President candidate, chosen by Donald Trump. A good reputation in

Washington, colleagues say he is a good person to work with and has

reached out across the aisle. He has had to step in after his boss,

effectively, Donald Trump has said things that were perhaps a bit off

the radar. Tim Kaine is a senator from Virginia, former governor. He

is the Democrat vice presidential candidate, he's been around for

Washington in a long time as well. Both of them very religious. Mike

Pence called himself a Christian Conservative Republican in that

order and Tim Kaine served as a missionary in Honduras so he has

some Hispanic background as well, but both of them very Christian. Let

me bring up something from Twitter. Asking how important are the role of

the vice president. These two men are heartbeat away from the

presidency, as they like to say here. God for bid, if one of the

candidates were elected and died in office, then the vice president

constitutionally would take over. Since we have the two oldest

candidates ever running for the White House, Hillary Clinton will be

69 by the time of the election and Donald Trump is already 70, anyone

with concerns about the health of either of them will be looking hard,

or should be looking hard at the vice presidential pick. I want to

show our poll of polls, the major polling on the main presidential

race. We have a gap, Hillary Clinton on 49 and Trump on 44. We've spoken

about this enough times to know that it goes up and down. That's a

5-point gap, not to be dismissed. It comes after the first debate which

Hillary Clinton was widely seen to have won. What I think is

interesting about the poll is that you are right, Hillary Clinton is

comfortably ahead, five points is a comfortable lead, but the floor

hasn't fallen out of Donald Trump's support, he's still in the 40s and

people couldn't go through the debate experience, and his criticism

of the former Miss universe experience, and his tax revelations,

it has been a busy week! Supporters aren't leaving him in droves. He

still has that support. You know this, the most important polls to

look at are not the national numbers but each of those individual's

battle ground states that will make up the result of the election. Thank

you for joining us. The debate starts at 9pm eastern

time in the US on Tuesday evening, that's 0100 GMT Wednesday,

2am for those of you in the UK. Laura Trevelyan will host

a special programme where We are going to stay in the US

because this is a story of huge potential importance. Some copy has

come in from Reuters over the last hour and a half,, telling us that in

2015 Yahoo. Custom software programmes to search all users'

incoming e-mails for US intelligence forces. Reuters is not naming its

sources but Yahoo has responded saying it is a law-abiding company

and complies with the laws of the US. Our tech reporter David Lee has

been watching this. On the face of it, this seems very significant?

Yes, absolutely. As you mentioned, this is a report from Reuters so we

are going from what they've said and we are waiting for Yahoo to give

more details about it but it looks very damaging, saying that in 2015,

software was created to help US intelligence authorities scan

incoming e-mails, presumably from people without using Yahoo itself

and to search for certain strings of characters in those e-mails, words

or phrases, you assume, that would be of interest to the intelligence

services. Many technology companies were implicated by the Edward

Snowden leaks but this one is different with the mention of

specially created software to do that. Other companies since we say

that they comply with requests. I must stress that we are waiting for

Yahoo to give more information about their level of cooperation with the

security services. Leaving Yahoo to one side, hypothetically do the

security services in America have the power to tell a company to do

this? The interesting debate is about the content of the message. In

the same way that if you phoned somebody up there it is relatively

simple for the police to go to rate telephone company and say they would

like to know the recipient of the call but what is more difficult and

legally tricky is to find out the content. When we talk about requests

to companies like Apple it has been about the senders and receivers and

the messages themselves have been encrypted. There was a high-profile

case involving Apple and the FBI Apple defended themselves strongly

saying that they shouldn't be forced to hand over the contents of

messages. That is the tricky legal ground. We are waiting to see if

Yahoo went a step further than that. Yahoo have said that they are a

law-abiding company and have complied with requests. The detail

is going to be important, when we find out what compliance meant in

this particular instance. A busy day. Thank you for joining us. Sport

now. This is the main story. Maria Sharapova has had her

ban reduced on appeal. She'll be back playing

professional tennis from April, that's nine months earlier

than her original punishment. Her offence was to take

a drug called meldonium. This is some of the ruling

from the Court of The panel in charge of the matter

had to examine whether the player's fold was significant or not. The

arbitrators from CAS decided that this Sharapova had some fault as she

and her entourage failed to make sure that the substance contained in

the product she has been taking over a long period remains in compliance

with the regulations. Maria Sharapova has put up a long

page on Facebook. In a statement on her Facebook page

Sharapova said she was "counting Her racket sponsor, Head, saying

that they stood with her. Not everyone was delighted with that

tweet and the tone. Sharapova took a drug that had been placed on the

banned list, something she had been sent a link to but she says she

didn't see. The world and to the authority banned -- world antidote

the authority. This CAS panel has said that both about an athlete who

treated -- world anti-doping authority.

Fifa's president Gianni Infantino has suggested opening up

the World Cup finals to allow 48 countries to compete

Olly Foster joins me. How is this going to work? It was part of his

presidential manifesto saying it would go from 32 to 40, a vote

winner for Gianni Infantino, the nations who thought they could get

in on the party. He has come out with this 48 figure. Slightly

misleading. There will be a core group of 16 nations who go straight

into the World Cup proper and then 32 extra nations who make up the 48

who will go into this preliminary knockout round, still in the host

nation. 48 nations at one point. You imagine that the tournament would

have to be expanded by at least a week and a half, up to five other

half weeks. Usually the World Cup is four weeks. 16 go straight into the

court World Cup and 32 going for a 16 match knockout round to see how

the other 16 joined the core group of 16. A lot of people excited about

that. I'm not sure I'm convinced. When might it happen? We already

into the 20 18th qualifying for Russia, so it won't happen, and not

into 2022 in Fatah. So -- Qatar. So it would be 2026. Thank you for

joining us. We've got a report from here

in the UK on how some some Asian families are using informal

adoptions to help couples We will speak to one of the

reporters. Three British-born scientists have

been awarded the Nobel Prize for science. A range of research. Let's

see the latest report. From steel strong enough to hold up bridges to

the intricate robots on a production line, to the devices in our everyday

lives, we depend on materials that have qualities that make them useful

for particular tasks but there is an unseen world of materials that don't

behave in ways you'd expect and research into that world was awarded

the Nobel Prize for physics today. Three scientists born in Britain,

recognised for making some strange and complicated discoveries. One of

the judges resorted to using pastries to explain the work. This

bagel has one hole. How materials change characteristics at the

smallest of scales. One winner was applauded by his students at

Princeton University. Congratulations! He told us that

fundamental research could lead to unpredictable benefits. Science goes

by people exploring whether they want to go and sometimes they find

something good and sometimes it leads to technology, so we don't

know where it's going to go. It's important that people follow their

dream and don't be constrained to work on something that the funding

agency thinks is going to be in the national interest. What has the

prize been awarded for? It is revealing that materials can exist

in states that we didn't think of. Water, when it is heated it is in

the form of steam come a bit cool and it becomes a liquid you can

drink, colder still and it freezes into ice bucket challenge out that

when the temperature is even lower, materials can exist in a range of

different states in which they behave in ways that are not

expected. Allowing electricity to flow without resistance. If this can

be controlled, new and much faster computers may be on the cards so the

research is seen as having huge potential. The 23 -- the three

prizewinners were seen as going out on alien but now they are

mainstream. This is Outside Source. Haiti has

been hit by a huge hurricane, wind, rain and a massive storm surge

flooding coastal towns. If you're outside of the UK,

it's World News America next. They'll have a report

on an unannounced visit that Pope Francis made to

the town of Amatrice. You might remember that it was

the town that was worst hit by an earthquake

in August that killed 300. Here in the UK, the

News at Ten is next. They ve got an interview

with director Ken Loach, whose latest film won

the prestigious Palme D'Or at Breaking news that will be of

interest to those of you watching on the BBC News Channel in the UK

because the press Association has reported that Diane James has quit

as leader of the UK Independence party 18 days after she took over

according to a senior source talking to the press Association. Diane

James took over from Nigel Farage who had been leader of Ukip for many

years and he was a crucial figure in pushing for a referendum on

membership of the European Union and he was a crucial figure in the

successful campaign to leave, getting the vote for Brexit. He

decided his work is done. Diane James was elected as his

replacement. This is extraordinary, she has been in the job for 18 days

and according to a party source, she is standing down. In terms of

British politics they remain very important.

Report from here in the UK on how some some Asian families

are using informal adoptions to help couples who can't have babies.

This is where on family one couple gives their child to another

Here are two people who discovered their parents

I was 17, it was my sorrow that mother's birthday and my biological

mother had travelled from Kenya and she broke the news to me moments

before the celebrations began. He said not to tell anybody. It had an

effect on me and my well-being. I was churning inside and I found

myself vomiting, constantly being sick. My natural parents gave me

away within a few days of being born because I was one of three siblings,

I was kind of a mistake so my uncle and aunt teeth adopted me and at the

age of 13 when my natural parents saw I was becoming a gangster, they

decided to bring me to England and that is when they broke the news to

me that they are my natural parents. I was shocked. My parents would let

me get away with anything and here I was, my mum would say that I can't

do this and I can't go out. Many of these adoptions take place

through informal means, not necessarily through the adoption

process, there may not be paperwork. There may be members of an extended

family passing on their child to another couple in the family.

Whether it is illegal, it can depend on the paperwork in each individual

case. How common is it? Hard to know because there are numbers, many

don't go through a formal process so it is hard to know how many cases

are like this. Anecdotally, we've spoken to dozens of people find out

that their auntie 's and uncles are their parents, there seem to be many

cases in the UK and when you look at countries like Pakistan, India and

places in Africa there are likely to be many more of cases.

And you can listen to the full Asian Network documentary

Let's go back to the US vice presidential debate.

Recent polls have shown that than 40 per cent of Americans,

still can't name the VP nominees, of either major party.

We asked people in New York if they knew.

We are asking people if they can pick the vice president candidates

out of this. Erm... That's McCain, right? This guy, I don't remember

his name. That is the Democrat guy. Hillary picked someone as neutral as

anything, she loves neutral. This guy? That is Vladimir boot in! --

Vladimir Putin. I've forgotten his name, I don't remember. Mike Pitts?

Mike Pence. Mainstream America doesn't want that. The candidates

who are running for the presidency, I'm not very enthusiastic about

either of them so I haven't done a lot of research on the vice

president job candidates. Americans need to focus on who the president

is going to be first. It is as depressing as hell. A bit more

information on the breaking story that the leader of Ukip Diane James

has resigned. The BBC confirmed that is the case and PA has spoken to

Nigel Farage her predecessor and asked him if he would return and he

said he wouldn't for $10 million and if he was asked if he would take $20

million he said Mayer, I'm retired. -- he said no.