14/08/2011 Reporters

It is a peace rally. That is the latest news. Now it is

The world's biggest refugee camp getting bigger every day. We have

this report from Kenya. A five- year-old girl who has become an

iconic change for the Arab Spring in Yemen. And the priest to does

not believe in God. The growing number of Dutch Axis clergy. --

atheist. Welcome. The world's largest refugee camp

continues to grow as those fleeing hunger in Somalia arrive in Dadaab.

The UN estimates around 1,300 to 1,500 refugees cross every day.

More than 12 million people in Africa are in need of immediate

food aid and that includes nearly half of the Somali population. Our

reporter has been with us on 20 Diez and has reported on famines

and their impact. He says this report from the Dadaab refugee camp,

already home to thousands of refugees who fled the civil war in

the 1980s. You probably could not choose a

worse place to establish a refugee camp. The edge of the desert. It is

hot, dusty and in the middle of nowhere. It can take hours to

collect firewood or water. Days and weeks to get here from Somalia. The

epicentre of the crisis. The journey alone that leaves thousands

week and are susceptible. This four-year old has been here for

months and she is still underweight. But her and ammonia is no surprise

given the overcrowded an sanitary conditions. -- and ammonia. It

would be bad for any child but if a malnourished child gets it, the

immunity is compromised. They get more severe forms of it. Last month

alone, this can be absorbed some 40,000 refugees. That is twice the

number of asylum seekers Britain absorbed in the whole of last year.

It is a measure of the severity of the crisis that it is almost a

relief to find children who are simply malnourished and not

skeletal. This man wishes he could offer help inside Somalia and

blames decades of conflict for making that so difficult.

conflict of Somalia for over 20 years is to blame. If there was

peace, there would be helping their own country. So now they face

drought and famine and they have nothing. Every day, he goes out to

find it more families who have fled across the border. These are all

very new dwellings? Yes. Just arrived. He heard about this family.

They sold their land so they could pay for their journey here. Could

you ask her what life in Somalia or in her village is like.

TRANSLATION: I believe is dead. I am confused. Here, there are plenty

of people but I do not know anybody. We found out she had given birth to

twins on the journey. But there was only one infant in a makeshift

shelter. The other child had died. She called him either him. Every

child must have a name, she says. Three out of every four people you

see have nothing to do with the current crisis. In some cases, they

have been collecting rations like this for a decade of more. It is a

graphic reminder that there is a deeper problem at work than this

year's drought alone. This massive aid operation sustains 300,000

people who fled the Somali conflict of the 1990s. They have never gone

back. They need help but are not starving. It begs the question, is

all of this aid solving a problem or simply prolonging it? This

person has been here since 1992. will have to go back home. Some

will die but others will find a solution. Over the years, parts of

Dadaab refugee camp have begun to look more and more like a town.

There are markets, mechanics, even a two. It has its own economy,

driven in part by aid that flows in. Refugees sell part of their ration

and spend what they get at one shop with other traders. TRANSLATION: Of

course it would be better to run our business in our own country.

But there is a war going on in Somalia. And the failure to solve

Somalia's deep-seated crisis drives a new generation across the border.

Another mother building another shelter in this no-man's-land of

hopelessness. Police in Karachi have made it

nearly 60 a breasts to crackdown on ethnic violence. The Pakistani city

has a population of around 18 million cover of which about one-

third are migrants. Their differences are with the majority

and the violence has killed around 300 people in the past month alone.

These people are trying to come to terms with the violence that

suddenly changed their lives. Over recent weeks, people from the area

have been killed just because of their ethnicity. This person tells

us how his 16-year-old brother was abducted while selling sunglasses.

His body was found hours later. He had been tortured and shot. This

man's brother was also killed. He takes us as close as he dares to

what has become a new battle zone. This is a community of ethnic

Pashtuns of Italy from north-west Pakistan. Across the main road,

there is a community of good news because who say they have often

been fired on by gunmen. Front lines like this have opened up

across the vast city. The two ethnic groups are driven by the

political parties that claim to represent them and are now engaged

in a fierce fight over control of Karachi. It is a fight that is

often bitter -- that has often pitted neighbour against neighbour.

In this household, the armed attackers came from next door. The

gunmen streamed into the home and terrorised the family and looted

the place. The family fled as it came under gunfire. You can see the

bullet holes along the wall. The home was then set on fire. These

neighbours were from different ethnic groups. In this area, is is

the Urdu speaking people terorrised. This woman was shot while she tried

to take her brother and sister to safety. Children have to learn

quickly here about the ethnic divide. TRANSLATION: Al people

cannot go into their area and vice- versa. This is how it has become. -

- our people. A hatred has grown so much that our children do not want

to meet people from the other side. As more areas get marked out by the

groups they belong to, there is a fear of more polite shedding to

come. There is continuing political

instability in Yemen. The President remains in Saudi Arabia where he is

recovering from an assassination attempt in June. Humanitarian

agencies warned the country is close to humanitarian disaster. The

economy has all but collapsed, forcing the Yemen people into

greater hardship. Since the Arab Spring began last December, our

reporter has followed protests in This portrait has found its way to

the mansion of a wealthy opposition leader who buys the work of the

artist to support the protest. The subject of the painting is not an

imaginary character. She is a will girl whose life of struggle

inspired the artist. Only five years of age, she spends her days

collecting empty plastic bottles to help to feed her family. When she

found out an artist had painted her she tracked him down. She went to

his studio and persuaded him to teach her to draw. Now this

makeshift shelter is her only school and drawing is her only

escape. She tells me she is inspired by revolution and draws a

bride holding their national flag, showing the revolution sign. She

also hopes change is coming. Home is a single room shared with four

siblings, mother and father. Her mother is only 25 and is expecting

another baby but they cannot afford to see a doctor and she will have

the baby at term. The revolution has given them something new: Hope.

TRANSLATION: Thank God, people demanded change. We were on the

edge. We are so poor and nearly became homeless. There is no-one to

protect us and we had almost lost hope. This is a typical family in

Yemen are earning less than $5 a day, not enough to buy one meal to

feed the whole family. They hope the revolution will bring about

real change for them. Now to the Netherlands, one of Europe's most

secular societies. People are leaving the mainstream Dutch

Protestant Church at the rate of $65,000 per year. Faith also seems

to be deserting some members of the clergy. We went to the south-west

of the country to meet a vicar who does not believe in God. Among one

in six clergy who are agnostic about guide or simply do not

believe, liking. At the exit just church he presents the Bible and

the story of Jesus's life as knees. He does not believe in life after

death so God does not exist as a supernatural being. What happens,

happens on earth. God is a word for experience, human experiencing.

told his congregation there is probably no heaven, so make the

most of life on Earth. Attempts to have them expelled from the

Protestant Church have failed because his views are too widely

held. For me, it frees me from the normal views because he is using

the Bible in a rhetorical way. Progressive clergy are virtually

reinventing Christianity. They are determined that the Netherlands,

rather than become a graveyard for Christianity, should become its

laboratory and experiment with radically new ways of understanding

the faith. Stroom West was sent up to explore the relationship of the

church with young people. cannot preach heaven in the same

way 2,000 years ago as you can today. It means something different.

We can use the same words but say something totally different. Groups

such as Stroom West also question whether Jesus was the son of God.

In Staphorst, there is also a law against swearing. Ace the dating

session allows people to discuss issues such as Love. -- ace been

dating service. BBC News, Mexico. - - Amsterdam. The government of

Mexico has been criticised for not to be enough to tackle the crime

wave. It has responded with a media offensive. But ever the years our

correspondent has seen many attempts to tackle the drug problem.

Winning hearts and minds with cartoons, the latest attempt by the

Mexican government to drum up support for its strategy and its

rising levels of drug-related violence. The arrest of drug barons,

destruction of drug shipments and a massive deployment of the military

are all depicted. Some argue that the presence of troops have

actually fuel the violence. At their accusations a similarly

rejected. The cartoonists says it is a simple way for the government

to get its message across. It is difficult for international people

to understand what is happening in Mexico, why the violence is so high

in some places. We offer information to give a coherent and

comprehensive perspective of what is happening. This media offensive

by the Mexican government to highlight these excesses of its

fight against organised crime seems to have little resonance with those

living in the areas most affected by the violence who have

experienced the bloodiness of this conflict in their own lives. No-one

more so probably than the rear. Her story raised to prominence when she

and other victims of the violence met the President. She cried as she

told how four of her sons had disappeared, possibly kidnapped by

drug gangs. Images of President Calderon consoling her were beamed

around the world. But she tells him it is not sympathy she wants.

TRANSLATION: In the news you hear that what is done has the aim of

putting an into crime that at the same time we see lots of victims of

this war. They do not stop free second to think that those affected

are innocent people that have nothing to do with this. It may be

that the Mexican government's latest weapon on its war in drugs.

But for those affected by the violence, and cutting campaign is

far removed. BBC News, Mexico city. Along the coast of France you can

still see physical evidence of the Second World War like the Atlantic

Wall built as a defence against the Allied invasion and then left to

disintegrate. 70 years on and you generation wants to preserve this

vestige of history. We joined the holiday crowds heading for the Bay

of Biscay to see the newly restored fortifications. A German block out,

part of a system of Defence says around the Bay of Arcachon. You can

still see a mural painted by a bored German soldiers. Inside are a

spent cartridge cases and other bits of wartime debris. The site

investigation has been carried out by local enthusiasts. It is only

now that these people have started to take any interest in the

Atlantic Wall. Previously, memories of the occupation were too painful.

It brings back to mind an unpleasant PVV in history, says the

founder, but recently things have changed. People constantly come up

to was to find out more. TRANSLATION: The Association has

recently opened up another side and there are guided tours in summer.

Gunning placements -- these gun placements protected the coastline.

There are thousands of these German bunkers up and down the French

coast. In the vast majority of cases time and when they did their

work and they have fallen into oblivion. One reason why people

preferred to forget the Atlantic Wall is that it was main the bill

by the French themselves. Now aged 91, this man was a conscripted

labour forced by the Germans to help to build their defences. Today

he says it is important to preserve what remains as a reminder of the

disaster of occupation. All along the coast he once he is to German

block houses are now at the mercy of the tides. Understandably as a

nation France has no wish to make a monument from the symbol of defeat,

but for people today the Atlantic Wall is less a mark of shame and

more part of the collective memory. Something worth holding on to. BBC

News at the Bay of Arcachon. That's A cooler start to preceding on

Sunday and a sunny day compared to Saturday. A few showers, chiefly in

the north-western parts. Shell was match in the north and the west of

Wales. Predominantly cloudy first thing, but it will become brighter.

Showers in Northern Ireland. Also western Scotland. A brighter start

across Aberdeenshire and a try a day in Shetland. Sunny spells to

the east of the Pennines. For Lincolnshire, East Anglia and the

south-east a much brighter start to the day compared to Saturday when

it was soggy. We should see sunshine quickly. Thing should

brighten up with sunshine but it will cadre in central eastern areas

later in the day. Temperatures similar to Saturday. For many

Western Areas the temperatures will be in the high teens. It will be a

chilly night. On Sunday morning the temperatures will drop to single

figures. Wacol start for the working week. -- a cold start.