21/08/2011 Reporters

Looking for lessons in tackling urban disorder. What England can

learn from America's city. The changing face of Russia. Our

reporter returns to the street where he lived just before the

failed Moscow coup 20 years ago. And the challenge of renewable

energy as he joins a massive construction project off the UK

coast. the UK. The authority --

authorities have been looking abroad for solutions after the

wright mac. In Philadelphia, they are introducing a weekend curfew

for anybody under 18. It is in response to gangs of teenagers who

have been rampaging through Philadelphia's historic heart after

dark. When our reporter went there, she discovered that just like

England, mobs used social networking to organise the

disturbances. It is not open England. It is Philadelphia on

America's east coast. Scenes like this have become all too common on

hot summer nights. Teenagers use social media to meet up and go on

the rampage. This woman knows the cost. Her leg was broken after she

met a mob of teenagers headed for the city centre. I fell down while

I was trying to run away. I do not remember much after that. My friend

was trying to pick me up and get me to run away. But I tried to put

his nasty cracking. Philadelphia's

leaders worry the efforts they have made to restore the city's historic

downtown area could be set back. Gangs of teenagers are moving in

from deprived neighbourhoods. As Britain asks what drives young

people to rampage through city centres, here in Philadelphia,

officials have a plan. They hope a weekend curfew for the under-age

teams plus fines for parents of children who do not comply will act

as a deterrent. And Philadelphia's sports centres will stay open until

late at the weekend to give children some way to go once the

curfew in the city centre begins at 9pm. The basketball players are

pleased about having more court time. But they are worried about

who may come here. We do not want them to bring people into the

nd here. Will the curfew make any

difference to the flash mobs? Because teenagers are not the ones

that run the house at night. They will disregard it and will start

doing what they want. The Deputy Mayor hopes that instead, the

curfew will encourage parents to be firmer to their children. You want

to be able to have the parents taking more responsibility and

accepting kicepting kidown and ca ca while the tax. Parents

e to know what they're boundaries are.

-- wild attacks. Extra police are being deployed on bicycles so they

s tried to break the curfew. The

message from here is tough parents taking responsibility.

20 years ago, this month, the course of history was changed.

Hardline communists in Moscow et

leader Mikhail Gorbachev. Our correspondent Steve Rosenberg

arrived in Moscow in 1991 in the days after the coup. He reports now

on how Russia has changed since the demise of the Soviet empire.

We are nine moved to Moscow 20 years ago, this is the street where

I lived and worked. -- when I moved. Back then in August 1991, the

Soviet Union was tearing at the seams. The economy was in ruins.

And here, supermarket shelves were empty and people often have to

queue for hours on the street just to buy bread, oranges or milk.

Today, it looks different. There are coffee shops, banks over there,

sushi restaurants, shopping centres. It is almost unrecognisable. I will

find out what people here think taken place on the street and in

the country. At the local health spot, this dog is enjoying a ozone

-- and ozone bubble massage. Today, customers spend $120 here on canine

hair styles. Design-led doggy dresses from Italy are pricey as

well. It now, the sullen plans to open a branch in London.

TRANSLATION: Most of our clients a businessman. Actors and politicians.

But more people can afford to bring their pets here. It shows the

economy is on the up. At the technological university where I

used to teach, they are less upbeat. The students say they plan to leave

Russia. More than one million Russians have done -- have done

just that in the last three years, seen better prospects abroad.

TRANSLATION: Moscow has become such an expensive city. If I go abroad

and get a job, financially I will be better off. That will be more

interesting. One man who stayed is this one. He has been cut in keys

in the street for 30 years. But as his friend and electricity bills

have increased, his income has plummeted. What he earns in a week

is barely enough to feed his family. He relies on produce from his

vegetable patch to survive. TRANSLATION: When the coup happened

in 1991, I collected food and money and took it to the Democrats who

were defending the Russian Parliament. I regret that now. They

should not have destroyed the whole system. They should have left

something because in today's Russia, there is so much corruption. Those

in power just cannot stop stealing. Further up the street, they cannot

stop dancing. By day, this woman works and the Ministry of Finance.

-- man. By night, he is king of salsa. Here, you just get energy to

solve your problems. I am an optimist. Russia is changing

quickly. It has a good future. Russia today is a confusing mixture.

Salsa schools and dogs salons. It is like two differed whorls on the

same -- world on the same street. In Ireland, the Catholic Church and

its hierarchy was so powerful that no politician ever really dead

question it. All that changed recently when the Prime Minister

ended Kelly, himself a practising Catholic, confronted cases of child

sexual abuse. This has raised questions about whether there has

been a shift in the Irish's attitude. Our correspondent joined

some of Ireland's most devoted Catholic as they made a pilgrimage

in the west of Ireland. There was a time in the west of

Ireland when the Vatican and the Pope were utterly irreproachable.

So when the Catholic Prime Minister who was born, bred and were she to

the West criticises them, be faithful are shocked. Ender Kelly

spoke out following another investigation into clerical sex

abuse, covered up by the Church. -- Enda Kelly. The report outlines the

elitism that dominates Churt quarter today. So did he

overstepped the mark? -- church quarter. This is often marked as

the place where time stands still and there is a slow change. If you

want a hear the views of the Catholic faith on the west coast of

Ireland, there is no better place to come there than here. Catholics

from all corners of the country come here to climb the surface

barefoot on this traditional pilgrimage. I was taken aback by

his comment. He should have thought about it more carefully. He hit the

nail on the head. For a long time, the Church in Ireland had a

domineering effect in politics and right across the country. Do you

still have respect for the Pope? would not take it as infallible any

more. Across the country in Dublin, the Irish Catholic newspaper is

writing about a seismic shift away from the hierarchy. We are at we

formation moment if you like. A new form of the Catholic Church is

going to have to emerge. Ireland can maybe be a place, a crossroads

place, where that can emerge for the rest of the world. It is an

easy country to experiment. some young families, the question

is why it has taken so long to challenge the church. What he has

said is what the majority of the population feel. For Catholics in

Ireland, the unthinkable is happening. Many priests are openly

disregarded the church leadership. They find fault with their bishops

There have been a number of deaths in the South Korean military this

year. Four people were killed in a shooting after a -- on a front line

rearing unit - mime -- Marine unit. We look at demands for a tougher

military force are being met with calls for reform.

In South Korea, becoming a man means becoming a soldier. At least

that's what the army says. Military service is a rite of passage. But

the war games and training drills have a new age these days. Since

the North Korean attack this year, the nation has called on its

military to toughen up. All this training is to prepare troops to

confront external enemies. But the military is also having to confront

a threat from within. A barracks culture that is some as a said is a

helping to kill soldiers before a real shot has been fired. Even the

elite Marine Corps has not escaped unpunished. A Marine corporal shot

and killed four of his comrades last month's. South Korea's defence

minister has brought out new No more beating, or cruelty at work

bullying. The questions as to why and how what soldiers die in baric

has often remain unanswered. This couple lost their youngest son ten

years ago. Despite several investigations, they still do not

know how he died. TRANSLATION: If the nation calls upon our sons, it

has a duty to return them. For us to be left like this, not knowing

the cause of my son's death, that is a great betrayal. Calls to

military counselling services have multiplied since the latest spate

of deaths. Investigators say that the number of non-combat deaths has

actually fallen dramatically since the 1980s. From 800 a year to

around 100. But old-fashioned attitudes are still remain.

TRANSLATION: They need to be a major change in thinking for

soldiers in the first place. They are citizens in uniform. There

needs to be better awareness of their basic rights. The defence

ministry admits there is a problem. Military commanders say that can

culture is changing. TRANSLATION: Disparate culture is not something

that can change overnight. It needs to change so late. We need to

continue the work we're doing. Commanders say the conscripts

themselves are different now. More individualistic, less suited to

military life than their fathers. But even if they have changed, the

threat of war has not. The United Kingdom is setting an

ambitious goal for renewable energy. In less than ten years, up to one-

quarter of the country's electricity it is supposed to come

from offshore wind power. But putting up thousands of October

find out at sea is difficult and expensive. -- win Giteau vines.

Forest of a winter tour vines are rising off our shores. This is the

great hope for green energy. But you need a special metal like this.

-- vessel. We watched the process unfold. A crane winches each

component into place. This is a section of the tower. All of this

makes planting the machines out at sea very expensive. The cost get

passed on to consumers. It is fair to say that offshore wind is very

expensive. One of the biggest benefit is that it is home-grown

electricity. We enter a critical phase. They live to the Jain said

of blades of the dock. -- lift the Jain said of blades. There will be

hoisted right up to the very top of the tower. 100 metres up, a tiny

figure leads out -- leans out. The biggest danger is a sudden gust of

wind. Then the final approach. This is one of the largest such machines

in the world. Just before midnight, the job was done. Off the coast of

Cumbria, this farm has over 30 machines. But we need 230 of them

at to match of the output of or conventional energy. Inside, it is

a very long journey to the top. I'm hooked on for safety. You need to

be very -- specially-trained. It is very pretty windy. Conditions are

ideal for shifting these plates. -- blades. When you think about the

size and cost of the structure, the question is is the government right

to want thousands more of these? This is an expensive project. Let

us get serious about it. What does really do things about global

warming. The government says that pioneering wind technology will

create jobs, curb carbon emissions and be worth it. The price is high

but it is only just starting. Underneath the streets of most

cities is a complicated web of tunnels, caves and pipes carrying

everything from water to trains. But under the sea to people in

Paris, there exists one of the most complicated systems of tunnels ever

seen. The tunnels are still being checked to make sure they will not

collapse and bring buildings crashing down. We descended into

the darkness beneath the city of light at to see what we could find.

From an underground car park down the street we are descending into

the bowels of Paris. This is one of the densest underground networks in

the world. 180 miles of intricate tunnels. We are exploring a city

beneath a city. You can see some light. The well shafts a descent 40

metres from the man will come as a barber. The tunnels were mined for

the gypsum and limestone. Imagine the horrendous conditions.

Operating down here for morning and night in thick dust and height --

dust and high humidity. They work until they dropped. No-one realised

how porous the foundation to Paris have become. One of these chambers

collapsed in 1974 and swallowed an entire neighbourhood. An architect

was commissioned to explore and reinforce the tunnels. Every

chamber was mac and a name given to the corresponding street and not --

above it. This street is still here, but wider. You can see there was a

crack. Even if they saw the beginning of the falling with, --

cliff and they could do nothing. There is one section that remains

open. The exhumations went on for years. It is a very different end

of term excursion. What you think of the catacombs? They are scary.

The tunnels were once described as the City's luxury and magnificent.

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It hello. The weather is fairly mixed across the UK. Spells of

sunshine are punctuated by heavy cloud. Today it is a largely dry

story. Barely warm. It is a dry and fine story for Wales. The exception

rather than the rule in Northern Ireland is dry and fine. Different

story for Scotland, a higher chance of catching a few showers. It is

mainly dry and fine eastwards. One of two showers on the western side

of the Pennines. For Lincolnshire, Midlands, East Anglia and south-

east England there will be patchy cloud. There could be the of light

shower this morning. Most places will have a lovely start to the day.

That is the case for Devon and Cornwall. Plenty of sunshine. For

the rest of the day, the highest chance of showers will be in

northern and western parts of Scotland, Northern Ireland, and

north-west England. The odd shower for some parts of England towards

the end of the day. Many places staying dry and quite warm. For the

football matches, all of those are looking drive. Patches of clouds

and sunshine. For the Oval the weather is set to be bright and

with plenty of sunshine. A fine end to the day for most of us. Spells

of evening sunshine. The weather will be breezy in the far north of