15/04/2012 Reporters


15/04/2012

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That's the latest BBC News. Now, it As North Korea celebrates the

:00:22.:00:27.

centenary of its founding father, Damian Grammaticas gets their

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clients inside the secretive country.

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Will Ross returns to northern Uganda to find children no longer

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living in fear of being abducted by the your's Resistance Army.

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-- Lord's Resistance Army. And a report from Naples on the

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rise of the poll -- melodic pop stars whose music is to go down

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well with the Mafia. Welcome to Reporters. North Korea

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is of course one of the world's most reclusive and repressive

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regimes. And it has just staged the biggest celebration in its history.

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They marked the 100 anniversary of the birth of North Korea's founding

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father, Kim Il Sung. Journalists were invited to see show farms and

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factories and Pyongyang wanted to show off its latest satellite

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rocket, which many believed was a long-range missile test. But the

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rocket exploded shortly after take- off. Damian Grammaticas was the

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only British broadcaster It allowed inside the country for the

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anniversary. -- broadcast allowed.

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Vast and empty streets. Not a shopfront or and it anywhere.

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Welcome to the world's last Stalinist state, preparing a party

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for its dead but eternal leader, Kim Il Sung. Even the walls are

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being watched. It is like faces. Acting on cue, every single

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one in a crowd of perhaps 100,000. It is the start of the week of

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celebrations. And the emotion, almost exaggerated. North Korea's

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two former dictators are revered like gods. The nation is told to

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give thanks for the nation they are told is a powerful and prosperous

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nation. Few would recognise the country as

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powerful or prosperous but what sustains it is a personality cult

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built around the Kim dynasty. As the crowds dispersed, we were told

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we could not talk to any of them. Instead, we were brought to this

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model silk spinning factory. It has never fired a single worker, I was

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told. Apparently, it is all down to the generous guidance of the two

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Keehan's. Kim Il Sung, always grinning in every in each, and his

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less smiley son. Under their watch, the workers get interactive

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instruction in mathematics, physics and English. This birthday

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celebration for Kim Il Sung is the biggest national event in our

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country. I will celebrate by working even harder. This woman has

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spent almost 30 years labouring here. Like everyone, she sticks to

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the same script. That the father and son deserve the credit for

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everything. TRANSLATION: When they were alive, they instructed us to

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provide close for the people. This year, we have exceeded annual quota

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in just three months. Ours is of course a highly controlled visit.

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The ladies we just spoke to, as soon as we stopped talking to them,

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they stopped work. Outside, there are glimpses of the different North

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Korea that flash past. We would like to stop and see them but we

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cannot. We were whisked past grim- looking villages and people toiling

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by hand in their fields to be shown this. 8,000 hectares fruit farm,

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all perfect rows. -- a thousand hectares. It is the way North Korea

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wants to be seen. Ordered, efficient, a modern miracle.

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TRANSLATION: I am very happy working here. It is thanks to look

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-- to the leaders who have ruled North Korea since it was founded.

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Everyone here keeps telling us how wise and benevolent the ruling

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dynasty are. The inspiration for this place, we are told, all came

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from the leader, Kim Jong Il. It is down to his wise guidance and his

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investments. But there is always the impression nothing is quite as

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it seems. The workers did not actually look to be doing much. And

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right in the middle, she is putting the box back on the line. Cartons

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of Jews going round and round. But North Korea says it is

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misunderstood. -- juice. That is why it showed us a new farm

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breeding turtles, an expensive delicacy. It cost millions so I

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asked when it would make a profit. TRANSLATION: It is hard to explain

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to you capitalists. To ask, profit does not matter. -- to us. But not

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far away, mauled their fields. The theme park under construction.

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more their fields. Lines of Xavi hearts. Contradictions of a country

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that struggles to feed its people. Yet its leader has grandiose dreams.

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-- lines of shabby huts. It is now almost five years since

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the Lord's Resistance Army left northern Uganda. The rebels, many

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of whom were abducted bring children, have continued to cause

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atrocities across Eastern Congo and South Sudan. But the north of

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Uganda is for the first time in decades enjoying peace. A East

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Africa Correspondent has returned to Kitgum from where he recorded

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for the BBC at the height of the conflict.

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There is laughter in the dawn chorus these days. Unlike five

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years ago, when the war was on, the children of northern Uganda are now

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safe. May we stand still for the national anthem. The hunger to

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learn is strong but it is not interrupted by the terror of

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rewarding rebels. During that time, they had the trauma of running here

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and there. Especially if they had grunge -- gunshots. That was a time

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when many young children were abducted. When I was here in

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northern Uganda at the height of the conflict, at about this time of

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day when the sun was setting, there was an extraordinary spectacle.

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Thousands of children would abandon their homes and walked to shelters

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like these because the risk of abduction was so high. At least

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here they have some protection against the Lord's Resistance Army

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rebels who stalked the villagers, forcefully recruiting child

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soldiers. The last time I met Geoffrey was nine years ago. He had

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just been rushed to hospital after the rebels hacked off his fingers,

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ears and lips. TRANSLATION: -- unable to write and forced to give

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up school, Jeffrey says he is determined his three children get

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an education. As he struggles to move on with his life, Jeffrey says

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he has since met and even be given the young man who mutilated him. On

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the other side of the same market, a man who terrorised these

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communities for years. Despite countless testimonies from people

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who escaped captivity, this former commander denies being responsible

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for leading the race to abduct children. TRANSLATION: People are

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still very angry with me. I have not been accepted back in the

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community. In fact, I fear someone will poison me so I do not touch

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locally brewed drinks any more. Northern Uganda is still haunted by

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the war, which lasted more than 20 years. A huge effort is now needed

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to halt this brutalised region recover and to reconcile Community

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is. -- help this. At least the children are now free to dream of

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more than just survival. The future of Greece in the

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eurozone remains uncertain. But in one town at least, the euro is no

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longer seen as the only currency of the future. Trade in Volos in

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central Greece has set up an internal system which works through

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bartering and exchanging goods and services. Our correspondent Mark

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Lowen has been to seen the idea in action.

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A wander down to Volos market and one thing you will not need is

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money. From handicrafts the food, everything is for sale through TEM,

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a new alternative currency. Locals build up credit by offering goods

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also a of us has forced there there are bad you the his recording in a

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sense sure, due to net were, allowing them to spend the currency

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on whatever they choose. He traditional by three exist do this

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return it to to date's Green is for us there -- return it to today's

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Greece. I can use it to exchange it for what I can offer. We have

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reached the bottom of our lives. Now, we can think in a different

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way. The network has built up over 800 members since it began and it

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is growing every day. A grassroots initiative for people struggling to

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afford things with euros. And it has spawned other buttering

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exchange systems around the country as Greeks look for new ways to beat

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Volos is suffering like many Greek cities. The alternative currency

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has re-energised a community searching for a glimmer of hope.

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The Mayor has backed the project but thinks two currencies can't co-

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exist. We think it is a good way out of the deep economic and social

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crisis. It is an initiative that supplements the euro but does not

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replace the Europe. It is gaining pace. This is a local business

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using the network. It gives fresh opportunities to the workers.

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TRANSLATION: We can buy bread and meat in exchange for our products

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and the girls can go to the hairdresser. I grew up in a village.

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This was how it used to work in the old days before money was involved.

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The next generation is benefiting. Parents who can no longer afford

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these workshops for their children can pay in part with TEM. The euro

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may not be forced out but there is now an alternative and which many

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other pending. A simple idea given this community fresh optimism. --

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giving. There can't be many capital cities

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like Berlin - destroyed and split for half a century and then opening

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up again for business. The city is famous for its underground arts and

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music scene. Some residents fear this sub culture is under threat as

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new developments begin to take over. This is one of Berlin's iconic

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buildings. Known as the Tahalis, it has been home to down-at-heel

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artists for 20 years. It is earmarked for development. Berlin's

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Mayor once called this city poor but sexy. But not so poor anymore.

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Residents say Berlin is changing. Berlin is getting more posh and is

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losing more of the artist's. This is not Berlin any more. A short

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distance away, buskers and detain people at an open-air market in an

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upcoming area. This was a mixed area in the old East Berlin, but

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now it is upwardly-mobile. There are more restaurants, bars, shops.

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They are for people who have a lot of money. Big corporate money has

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come into Berlin. Potsdamer Platz are on the rota of the old Berlin

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Wall and to look like -- looks like any of the world's corporate

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complexes. In came lawyers and accountants and professionals.

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There are tensions between this new money and all the residents were

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:13:56.:13:57.

being priced out. -- Alder. This is the latest battlefield. A grungy,

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run-down part of the city. It is also a piece of prime real estate

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in a global city where the money is rushing in. There was a scheme to

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cite an exhibition sponsored by BMW and the cook and I'm foundation of

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the York -- Guggenheim foundation of New York. But it was cancelled.

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But the city government is driving through change to make Berlin more

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prosperous. No more poor but sexy. Berlin does not have the number of

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jobs that it needs. It is a mix of old and new light all cities. But

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grunge Berlin is wary of capitalism. 10 billion have the jobs it needs

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and keep its altar, gritty side? -- alter.

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Chile is renowned for its copper mines. It produces one third of all

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the world's crop up. It amounts to 70% of all Chilean exports. With

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the mining Broome, farmers and food producers have to compete with

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mining companies for an essential resource - water.

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Not so long ago, these vineyards in Copiapo Valley where grain. Now,

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they added. Water from a natural underground reservoir is now being

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pumped by a mining company digging for copper. Farmers say conditions

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in his belly are ideal for agriculture. The on going mining

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boom is changing everything. Just like farms and vineyards, mining

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companies need water. As more of them come to this analysis, this

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war for water rages on. The mining firms have money on their side.

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Many farmers decide to sell because the offers are so attractive. Some

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resist but say the conditions for vineyards have become harder.

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TRANSLATION: It is a family business. We have been growing

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grapes here since 1948. But it is becoming harder. A few years back,

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I had to pump water from 60 metres underground. Now I have to get it

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from over 140 metres away. It is so vital for Chile's economy that it

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is hard for small growers to challenge it. But the state is

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aware of the issue. If Chile would like to continue to be a mining

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:17:16.:17:17.

country and a country that has extra value from agriculture, we

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need to make sure that everybody has enough water. While the

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government is busy, growers in Copiapo Valley know that if there

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is no progress soon, they vineyards might end up like this.

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Over the years, at the Italian city of Naples has developed its own

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tradition of music. The Neomelodic style. Widely popular across Italy,

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there are now complains that the songs are a little too authentic.

:17:54.:18:01.

The musicians are accused of failing to oppose the power of the

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mafia. Love, heartache, happiness and

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desire. The themes are not exactly new. But this is just a little

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different. It is a love song for Naples. Rosario is a rising star in

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the Neomelodic music scene. Often singing in the Neapolitan dialect,

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local artists connect with the fans in the streets where the style

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emerged. But some critics ask why the influential stars do not

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confront some of Naples's tougher issues, like poverty and

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joblessness. Rosario says that is the last thing his fans want to

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hear. TRANSLATION: I only sing love songs. I prefer to avoid the social

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problems because my audience is not a target that cares about issues in

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Naples. They are teenagers. here in Naples, being planned it is

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not the only criticism levelled at the Neomelodic scene. A much more

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serious allegation is directed at some singers. The critics say that

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the music appeals a bit too close to the criminal underworld that

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plagues Naples. They say some songs, lyrics almost seemed to empathise

:19:45.:19:55.
:19:55.:19:55.

with the men of violence. A song about the execution of someone who

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has betrayed a boss in the Naples Mafia. It is not true that the boss

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is evil, go the lyrics. We have to respect him. A local investigated

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journalist condemns this fawning over the gangsters. TRANSLATION:

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When you write songs that glamorise these characters, you risk being an

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apologist for the mafia and that is a bad example for young people. The

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business around these people is often brought by mafia clans. --

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often have rolled. Rosario except that enables, sometimes the worlds

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of the artist and gangster converge. TRANSLATION: We're just sinners and

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we do not ask for a criminal record of the people we perform for. I can

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:21:03.:21:05.

seen at the party of a worker, the Mayor or anybody else. But he would

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