08/03/2014 Reporters


08/03/2014

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Welcome to Reporters. From here, we send out correspondents to bring you

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the best stories from across the world. In this programme, Ukraine's

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dark side. We investigate the rise of the far right in the capital,

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Kiev. Are you a Nazi? No, I don't think I am a Nazi, I am a Ukrainian

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nationalist. The Kamikaze legacy, as Japan pushes for their place in

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world history. We meet the suicide bomber who is still standing. Japan

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needed us to be warriors, to stop the invasion. Our minds were set. We

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had no doubt. We meet the North Korean defectors

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who want to go back home. And the true story that inspired the story.

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We visit the plantation behind the film 12 Years A Slave. It is now a

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working farm. This is a reminder of what this place once was. As the

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highs of the world focus on the crisis in Crimea, events are playing

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into the hands of Ukraine's nationalists. As the Black Sea

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region moves towards Russia, the influence of the far right far away

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in Kiev is growing. It was ordinary Ukrainians whose show of people

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power brought down the government of Viktor Yanukovych but the most

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organised and possibly the most effective were the nationalists. As

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we report, the group has its own dark political agenda.

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In place of the defiant speeches, the sombre strains of Beethoven now

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ring out over Independence Square. This revolution is moving into a new

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phase. But amid the flowers and the children's tributes, flashes of

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something more sinister. Groups of armed men strut through the square,

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with dubious iconography. That yellow armband is a German symbol

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used by several SS divisions in the Second World War. Far right graffiti

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is appearing, daubed on the walls of the city. The people who brought

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down the government were overwhelmingly ordinary Ukrainians.

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Students and doctors, workers and even families, people who simply

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refused to back down. But the most organised and perhaps the most

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effective were a small number of far right groups. When it came to

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confrontations with the police, it was often the nationalists who were

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the loudest, and the most violent. A group calling itself the Right

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Sector is the largest. Its members can be seen marching around Kiev in

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columns of a dozen. Mostly they carry baseball bats. Sometimes they

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carry guns. We met these men, posing for pictures outside the burned out

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remains of what was once their headquarters. I asked them about

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their political beliefs. What about the east, I asked, what about

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Crimea? Where many Ukrainians feel close

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historical ties to Russia. Police have largely disappeared from the

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street of Kiev. Law and order is maintained by so-called self-defence

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groups. Not all hold extreme views but those who you are often shy of

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the cameras. We got a late-night phone call from another group, known

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as C 14, inviting us to meet their leader at their new base. It turned

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out to be the former headquarters of the Communist Party. It's now

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occupied by the far right. It's our general mission to totally ruin

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chains that connect our country with imperial power from the past. And

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that being Russia? Yes, Russia. Not only Russia, Soviet Union. Are you a

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Nazi? No, I don't think I am a Nazi, I am a Ukrainian nationalist. What

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does that mean? The main confrontation is about some ethnic

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groups, have control. Many business structures, some politicals forces.

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Which ethnic groups? Russians and Jews, some non-Ukrainian groups

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control huge percent of economic or operational power.

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And of course in this situation, Ukrainian people have some tension

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between them and it causes conflict. He says his group consists of around

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200 men. C14 is affiliated with a political party, which controls four

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ministries in the new government, including the Ministry of Defence.

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Two of the MPs were photographed brandishing well-known far right

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numerology. 88 stands for the eighth letter of the alphabet. HH. Heil

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Hitler. We in no way espouse Nazism. Nazism and Communism are two sides

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of the same coin. They destroyed the Ukrainian nation in the 20th century

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and killed millions of Ukrainians. of the same coin. They destroyed the

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Ukrainian nation in With their anti-Russian rhetoric, events in

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Crimea will certainly play into the hands of the nationalists. No-one

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knows exactly how strong they are in terms of numbers but the influence

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of the far right in Ukraine is growing.

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From nationalism in Ukraine to Japan's wartime nationalist, the

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kamikaze. Their suicide missions, flying head long into allied

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targets, was seen as terrifying. Now, 70 years after the end of World

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War II, Japan wants to commemorate the thousands of pilots who died by

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seeking World Heritage status, for a collection of their letters.

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However, as Rupert Wingfield Hayes reports from Nagoya, some are

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concerned it is an attempt to glorify aggression.

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What are the kamikaze letters? Why are they so important that Japan

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wants them to have UNESCO heritage status? Find out, I am going to meet

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the man who has the collection and went on two kamikaze missions. For

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those of us who grew up after the war, it is still hard to comprehend

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the kamikaze. The squadrons were formed in the final months of the

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war and most of the pilots were between 17 and 20 years old. Their

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job was simple. Slam their planes into as many Allied ships as

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possible and to hold the invasion of Japan. It's not every day you get to

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meet a real kamikaze. In 1945, at the age of 19, this man was

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recruited into Japan's special attack squadrons. Today, the

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cheerful 89-year-old doesn't look like a fanatic. So why did he

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volunteer to die? TRANSLATION: Commonsense says you only have one

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life, so why would you want to give it up? But at the same time, all of

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us wanted to volunteer. Okinawa was being attacked by the Americans.

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Japan needed us to be warriors, to stop the invasion. On his first

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mission his engine broke down and he was forced to ditch. The second was

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called off because of bad weather and so, unlike so many of his

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comrades, he survived. When you look back today at what happened and all

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the young people who died, doesn't it feel like a waste? TRANSLATION: I

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never look back with regret. The people who died did so willingly. If

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they were forced to go, I would not be collecting all this stuff. They

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must not be forgotten. These are the kamikaze letters. He has collected

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them from families of kamikaze pilots across Japan. Many like this

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express pride in the coming sacrifice.

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Others show clear disillusionment in Japan's war.

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Close to an old airfield near his house stands a memorial to the

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kamikaze. The names of those who died are carved across its back.

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There are dozens like this scattered across Japan. When I first came

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across one of these memorials, I have to admit I was taken aback. It

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felt like a shrine to fanaticism, to blind loyalty to the emperor. And to

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some on the far right of Japanese politics, the kamikaze are still

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very much held up as an ideal of Japanese man hood. -- manhood. That

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is why the issue has potency today. But to most Japanese, this isn't

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really about glorifying Japan's military's past. It's much more

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about remembering the young men who sacrificed their lives selflessly to

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defend their nation. If the kamikaze letters gain World Heritage status,

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will it help Japan to examine this dark episode of its past? Or will it

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strengthen those who still seek to worship it as a lost ideal?

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For North Koreans, defecting to the south has been seen as the ultimate

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suicide mission. More than 25,000 of them have risked their lives to

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escape the brutal regime in Pyongyang. They took a long and

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dangerous journey. Yet once in South Korea, there were guaranteed

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citizenship. But somehow found life as a defector tough. Some want to go

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back home. Today's lessons at the heavenly

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dream boarding school in steel, trust, self-sufficiency and Korean

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literature. The children are all North Korean is learning to speak

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the cultural language of the South. Fitting into South Korea's highly

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competitive society is a struggle for many of them, with high

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unemployment and no direct contact with their families back home. This

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man, I all defectors, receives government support on arrival,

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including this flight. But problems meant he lost his fridge and washing

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machine and he now stores his rations on the balcony. He has

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appealed to the government to allow him to go back to North Korea,

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partly as a protest against the isolation many feel. TRANSLATION:

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Over the years I have noticed the political defectors in the south and

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the material circumstances they grapple with. They have been days

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when I asked myself why I chose to do it in the first place. Anywhere

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in North Korean defector goes, he could face difficulties and

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discrimination. The discrimination can feel a lot colder. Some have

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made it back to North Korea. 13 of them, according to the South Korean

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government. Activists say the real number is higher. Each return is

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celebrated with a press conference. Like that of this man and his family

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18 months ago. He told them that the factors like him who escaped to

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South Korea were the victims of human rights activists conspiring

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against the North Korean state. Except if you months later he came

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back to the South. The authorities were not so welcoming a second time.

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He was brought in front of this caught behind me and asked to

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explain his erratic debut. His lawyer cited financial difficulties

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in the north. Other reports suggested he may have feared for his

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safety. Either way, the court was unamused and gave him a three-year

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jail sentence. In a letter sent from his prison cell, he told us that he

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had been forced to take part in the press conference and that he was

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appealing his sentence. At the heavenly dream school, the

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students have moved on to a class and arrest the skills. Part of a

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plan to steer them towards jobs that do not require high levels of

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English, IT or social skills. Life may be tough for defectors, but the

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vast majority choose to stay. And the challenge for South Korea is

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less about preventing those who want to leave and integrating those who

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remain. Is peace and quiet a human right? In

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the view of Denmark's highest environmental authority it is. A

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special tribunal ruled that the physical and psychological suffering

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of Copenhagen residents due to the sound of building work is

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unacceptable. The ruling has left the authorities are struggling to

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pacify angry residents as well as trying to complete the project on

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time. For residents living near

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Copenhagen's Church, the soundscape is rarely divine. As workers

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borrowed to build an underground station, decibel levels of around

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and sometimes exceeded those determined as dangerous by the World

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Health Organization. This is the view from the apartment of one

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psychologist who wears earplugs. I am worried about my children. The

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World Health Organization says this will give concentration

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difficulties, difficulties of motivation and communication. The

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environmental tribunal ruled that Denmark broken interventional

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liftback broke and international convention. With round-the-clock

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construction continuing at these neighbours, one of whom suffers from

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depression because of the noise. It is incredible in a country like

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Denmark that prides itself on being respecting of human rights and

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respecting this and that. It is just despicable. The construction company

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needs to work around the clock if it is to meet its deadline. It is

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trying to achieve 30m of new title every day. Anything less will not be

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viable. The project is dependent on us completing this to a programme.

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We are very, very restrict it in being able to achieve that

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programme. The new Metropolitan line was scheduled to be completed by

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2018 at a cost of $3.9 billion. The tribunal's adjudication could result

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in a substantial delay and an increase in costs. You have to make

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sure that the Metro is done on time. But we have to make sure that people

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in Copenhagen are not bothered. That is a complication. You cannot do

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both at the same time. What is the priority? For me the priority is to

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try and do both. I could see only one solution. That is a settlement.

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The government wants to solve the problem quickly. It has set aside

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$55 million to help thousands of residents move. Exposure to sustain

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excessive noise is unacceptable. They are unimpressed with the buyout

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plan. It is a hard-hitting, powerful story

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and is not only true, but a bestselling book in the 19th century

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and is now in the 21st-century and Oscar-winning film. The historical

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drama 12 Years A Slave is based on a memoir written over 160 years ago by

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Solomon Northop, a free black man who was forced to work on an

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American cotton plantation. We have been to visit the plantation that

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inspired the story of 12 Years A Slave. Wanted by history.

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The fields of Louisiana, America's deep South. Thousands of slaves

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served, struggled and suffered. Solomon Northop was one of the few

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who got to tell his story. His story is now the Oscar-winning film 12

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Years A Slave, . Born a free man in the north, he was kidnapped and

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taken south. Two central Louisiana. He spent several years working as a

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slave on this plantation. It is now a working farm. The slave quarters

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behind me are a reminder of what it once was. The story of Solomon

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Northop might never have come to light if it was not for the tireless

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efforts of one woman. A local academic found one of the last

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surviving copies of the book. It had been out of print for almost a

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century. This is her great-nephew. She bought it at a local campus

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bookstore and told that it was a pack of lies. There is a great quote

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from her. She spent the next 70 years of life chasing down the story

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and proving him wrong. Solomon suffered the most at the hands of

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his master. Played by Michael Fassbender. This is the house today.

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Where she worked to get it restored, she was told people in the area did

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not want to be reminded of their connections to slavery. It was very

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painful. It is difficult to build a community when there is that giant

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psychic wound that slavery inflected. Which is yet to heal.

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These derelict slave quarters are among the last still standing. More

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than 150 years on, the legacy of Solomon Northop and that slavery

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remained and uncomfortable truth. -- remain and. That is all for this

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week. Goodbye.

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There was quite a contrast in weather fortunes across the British

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Isles thanks to the presence of an area of low pressure with this

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attendant front. The wind was quite a factor through Saturday with quite

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a number of isobars across

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