29/03/2014 Reporters


29/03/2014

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Welcome to Reporters, from the world's newsroom, we send out

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correspondence to bring you the best stories from across the globe.

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The new frontline in war against Al Qaeda. There is fire coming back in

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this direction. We joined African militants fighting in Somalia. And,

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out of the ashes of Libya's bloody civil war. Changing chemistry, we

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investigate how greenhouse gases are making our seas more toxic,

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threatening mass extinctions. This is more man`made CO2, it is absorbed

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into the sea water and is turning it more acidic. And, 70 years after the

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great escape, Robert Holl joins ceremonies in Poland to remember the

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50 men who never made it out. `` the `` Robert Hall.

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Africa has become the latest front in the war on terror against Al

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Qaeda. African Union troops are engaged in a fierce battle against

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Islamist militants linked to Al Qaeda in Somalia. The group, known

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as al`Shabab, control more territory than any other Al Qaeda affiliate in

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the world. They have been waging war in Somalia for a number of years,

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and were behind last year's attack on the Westgate shopping mall in

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Nairobi. Mark Doyle joined African Union forces on the frontline

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against al`Shabab. Soldiers from Uganda had four battle

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against radical Islamist rebels in Somalia. `` head for. Africa is the

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new front line in the war against Al Qaeda. Brute force is being used

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against Islamist insurgents, not only here in Somalia, but in the

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West African nations of Nigeria and Mali as well. These soldiers,

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marching through the night, face a very powerful Al Qaeda affiliate

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called al`Shabab, all 'the boys'. Somali government troops are

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involved as well. They are tough fighters, but they sometimes lacked

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discipline and are always short of equipment. Without the Ugandans, the

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Somali army wouldn't stand chance. The Ugandans are part of a 22,000

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strong African force in Somalia, paid for by the west, to do a job

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western governments want. `` the West. As the armoured column

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approaches a target town, al`Shabab are ready. The soldiers I'm with

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know what is coming. We are very close to the town now, and there

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appears to be a firefight about 100 metres in front of us. There is

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another African Union vehicle in front of us, and they appear to be

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engaging across the embankment where the town is, and there is some fire

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coming back in this direction. Some of that was coming in this

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direction. Shoot straight, kill the enemy.

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Bullets rain on the Ugandans. Fighting vehicles are caught in a

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traffic jam from hell. This is the main shopping street in the town.

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Look what has happened to it now. And al`Shabab signboard, the Koran

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is the only path. After fighting his way into town, the general took

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control. What I am sure of is that I have adequate manpower, over 1500

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soldiers. They won't do it to us. The battle has taken its toll.

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Civilians suffer more. This woman's Civilians suffer more. This woman's

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family was hit by a mortar round. She is the only surviving member.

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The attack was only part of a broader offensive against al`Shabab

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across an area where 3 million people live. Expect more civilian

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casualties and more refugees. The governor of the region thanked the

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Ugandans for coming, but I put it to him that it was Somalia's deep clan

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or tribal divisions that meant help was needed to shore it up. Would you

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say that Somalia needs foreign support? Who is going to teach our

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youngest how to make suicide, how to make an IED? There are a foreign

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fighters here. That is the tragedy of Somalia. Foreign troops dig in,

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foreign Jihadist battle against them. The Ugandans have made a

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significant military advance by reaching this town, but they don't

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yet control the whole town. Very soon, the annual rains will come in

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these big machines of war will be bogged down. Then, al`Shabab will

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surely regroup to fight, albeit in a more distant part of what often

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feels like an ungovernable country. It was the city that saw some of the

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fiercest fighting in Libya's bloody civil war. Now, Misrata is starting

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to tell a different story, far removed from these sporadic violence

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in various other parts of Libya, the country's third largest city is

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getting a name for itself for its safety and booming economy.

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Misrata witness some of the heaviest and most destructive battles during

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the war. The gaping scars in the epicentre of the fighting, still

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remain. They are real building around it now. `` rebuilding. There

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is construction across the board, and locals are investing in

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everything from hotels to shopping centres. TRANSLATION: This project

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is a supermarket in them all for Misrata. There are more

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opportunities here for economy growth, because it is a secure city.

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It is all being done by businessmen here. It is the gleaming finished

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projects like this that are the talk of the town, like this new terminal

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for Misrata's airport. And, the city's new centrepiece, a roughly $2

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million investment from Misrata's eager shoppers. As much as Libya's

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growing increasingly bitter, life is a little sweeter here. Misrata has

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long been known for businessmen and traders. Unlike the rest of Libya,

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we get the sense of long`term planning and optimism about the

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future here. It will understand that the Central government is weak, and

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they have to do it for themselves. Young men seem confident in the

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direction that their city is going on. It is not like before. Things

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have become bitter, you can see that with your eyes, you can see that.

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There is a good secure situation, it is stable in Misrata, and the people

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have money. Life in Misrata is easier than in other cities. A

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haunting reminder of the cost of war still lingers here. It will be

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sometime before is all fixed, but for the people of this city, they

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have already progressed. From Libya's post`war reconstruction

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to Afghanistan's presidential elections take place there next

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month, marking the first democratic chance for power since the American

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led invasion in 2001. The Taliban have vowed to disrupt the poll, but

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if Afghanistan descends into conflict again, few have more to

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lose than young women. Some have now become singers, musicians and

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artists, something they could never have done under the Taliban.

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The Afghans of all of this disease sing and studied together at the

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Institute of music. Among them, this girl, not quite 16, the ambition is

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to be a pop star. If not a star, at least a singer and musician. As a

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woman in Afghanistan, that is not easy. Afghanistan is better than the

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past, ten years ago. It is better now. It is difficult. Even in my

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family, they do not like this. Just my mum and dad support me. They

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don't like it but it is my vision and my dreams so they support me.

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The orchestra is mostly comprised of street children. For years, Nick was

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forbidden under the Taliban. Some of the children here will form in

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London this summer. I have a strong belief in the power of music. It can

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contribute to the rebuilding of Afghanistan. You can see and witness

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what is happening in social media. You can see the proof in this

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country. We are not ready to return back. At this centre in Kabul, these

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female artist hope their vision and voices will not be silenced again as

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they were for so long. They say there was a sense of powerlessness

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among women of Afghanistan before the Taliban were finally toppled. As

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reflected in paintings like this one, a meditation from beneath the

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burger. `` Burka. Women in the countryside still don't have the

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same chances. The biggest chance is better education. Places like this

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would have been unthinkable under the Taliban. It is a measure of how

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much life has changed in Kabul after the past 13 years. This new

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generation would be an willing to give up the advances they have made.

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To the seas of New Guinea where a search into climate change is

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showing omissions are not only causing global warming but are also

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making the seas more acidic. A report seen by the BBC suggests that

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the chemistry of the sea is changing so fast it could lead to mass

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extinction. Our reporter has visited the research site to find out more.

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Corel briefs. The most diverse natural systems in the seas. They

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are under threat from the weight we live. Omissions of carbon dioxide

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are unquestionably changing the chemistry of seawater, according to

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a UN report next week. We need to know how the oceans will react as

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more of the carbon dioxide dissolves into the seawater making it more

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acidic. That is what has brought us here to this remote spot off the tip

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of Papua New Guinea to see a unique site that offers a glimpse into the

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future of the sea. The sea bed is bubbling. The gas is pure carbon

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dioxide from volcanic rock. The bubbles turn the seawater locally or

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acidic. Part of the site shows the same level of acidity predicted for

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the world 's oceans later this century as mankind continues to omit

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Co2. It seems here that between a third and half of corals cannot

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survive. In Australia, a new ?20 million centre employs industrial

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technology to predict how Corel will react to higher Co2 and

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temperatures. We have got Corel and sponges from different PCs and what

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we are looking at is trying to tease apart the combined effects of ocean

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acidification. Sponges like this might thrive under high Co2 but

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other creatures are likely to be wiped out. This is a baby coral and

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very vulnerable to acidic situations. It is one example of

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many where scientists are finding more and more that the lot of marine

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species and ecosystems are likely to be highly affected. It is clear that

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the branching corals that shelter fish cannot cope with extra Co2.

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They are missing from the Reef. The scientists warn our emissions could

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make countless species of sea life extinct.

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It was the ultimate jackpot for the taxman. Last year during an

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inspection, German investigators found a priceless collection of

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thousands of pieces of art in the selling of the apartment of a art

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dealer in Munich. The stash of paintings included masterpieces by

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18, sedan and Picasso. Many were thought lost for ever. Some were

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believed looted by the Nazis. The BBC has had a chat to view the

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collection. In this secret vault is a treasure

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trove of pictures. Lost until now for more than half a century. Some

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of the artwork is not in good condition that we have excellent

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restorations. Bilirubin 2000 works of found crammed into the home of a

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man who was The Sun of a wartime art dealer. Among them, a portrait by

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Renoir. They have all been lost for decades until now. Some pictures

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were bought legitimately by the father but some had been looted from

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Jewish families. This 18 would fetch 5 million pounds at auction. It

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shows Waterloo Bridge in London, they did in 1903. We showed a

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photograph of it to one of the world leading art experts. He consulted

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the catalogue of all known Monets. Up until now, we only had knowledge

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of this painting. Now, with this photograph, it is wonderful. We have

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knowledge of the work in colour. The man hid the paintings in his house,

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Spidey 's `` spiders crawling over the masterpieces. Some of these

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treasures were stored for decades. Now the task is to find out how much

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of those works he legitimately owned and how much was looted from others.

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It is very difficult at this point to find the one`time owners of most

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of these pieces of art. The survivors were children at the

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time, how should they remember precisely what a pity looked like

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hanging in their living room 70 years ago? Womack these works are

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artistic treasures but a legal and moral nightmare.

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From stories of Nazi art to Nazi Germany. Most of us know the story

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of the great escape when 76 allied officers tunnelled their way out of

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a high security prisoner of war camp in Poland. This week saw the 70th

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anniversary of escape and ceremonies were held to remember the 50 men who

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were then killed either Gestapo. 50 photographs carried down the

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track by 50 of today's Army. 50 men who fought back from inside the wire

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and who paid the price. Under the blind, was covered foundations are

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all that remains of the camp which inspired Hollywood to tell its

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story. The story of an ambitious plan to tunnel out of what was

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billed as an escape was and allow a record number of airmen to head for

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home. You had 30 feet of sand above you what we were used to that is

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that it did not worry me. When the fall happened further up, I was

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lying on my trolley and I thought, what a way to go. The tunnel emerged

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just short of the treeline. 76 prisoners got through before the

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alarm was raised. Britain, Poland and the Commonwealth paid tribute to

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the prisoners courage and ingenuity. The subsequent executions are still

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a painful memory for those who laid their wreaths. And those who

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remember watching friends being taken away. The Gestapo appeared and

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they took away two or three, four or they took away two or three, four or

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five from different cells and so on. This was very ominous because they

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were not just taking you back to the. This is the exact location of

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the event that unfolded 70 years ago. The lion of the tunnel showing

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just how close it was to the nearest guard post. Today has been about

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remembering that story but it has also celebrated the spirit of those

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who never returned. That is all from Reporters. Goodbye

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for now. As was the case on Saturday, it

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looks as though Sunday it will deliver some warm sunshine fought

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some part of the British Isles. You can tell the way that I am hedging

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might remarks that not everybody will enjoy these conditions. It will

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be yet again the eastern side of Scotland, the north`east of England

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that may well have a

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