16/12/2015 Victoria Derbyshire

Hello, it's Wednesday, it's 9.15, I'm Joanna Gosling.

Doctors are told to show more respect for people who are dying,

and not to make snap decisions about their care.

The guidance has been drawn up after failures.

Pakistan marks the first anniversary of an attack on a school where more

than 150 people died - 132 of the children.

TRANSLATION: I was shot four time. After the fourth bullet I passed

out. I did not know if I was dead or alive. We will be live in Peshawar

in the next half-hour and also talk to the father of the Nobel Prize

winner Malala. The online videos that some claim

make their heads tingle - the science behind the sounds that

apparently make us feel good. Rest awhile. And I will see you

soon. We're on BBC Two and the BBC

News Channel until 11 this morning. We'll keep you across the latest

breaking and developing stories And as ever your comments

are really welcome. Texts will be charged

at the standard network rate. And of course you can watch

the programme online wherever you are - via the bbc news app

or our website bbc.co.uk/victoria and you can also subscribe

to all our features on the news app, by going to add topics and searching

Victoria Derbyshire. First, doctors and nurses

are being urged to treat dying patients as individuals rather

than making snap decisions The health watchdog Nice says staff

in England need to move away from a tick-box approach

to treatment at the end The guidance is intended to address

misuse of the previous system - the Liverpool Care Pathway -

which left some patients heavily That is a run through of the system

as it was. New guidelines are now in force. We can talk more about the

situation, how it was and what it should be.

Here now is Susan Dewar, who's worked as a community nurse

for more than 50 years, and who's helped with these

And Professor Sam Ahmedzai, a professor of palliative medicine

at the University of Sheffield, and chair of the committee which has

How necessary was it to change the situation? Good morning. It was

necessary because up till now, Britain has not had guidelines. This

is the first set of guidelines issued for the NHS to follow for the

care of dying adults. Some people think the Liverpool Care Pathway was

an official guideline, but it was a set of principles, a good idea, to

take what was going on in hospices and trying to transplant those into

busy hospital wards, home care settings and nursing homes, but it

was not fully implemented. The new guidelines will embed this directly

into the NHS. With Susan and other experts we have written guidelines

that will make sense to any health care professional. There has been

huge concern about the Liverpool Care Pathway and stories where

relatives have in concerned about the treatment of loved ones in their

dying days. How worried where you about it? Give us examples you must

have come across looking into the situation. One of my jobs in the

team I worked with in Sheffield, which we were proud to have a

24-hour team based in a hospital, we sometimes saw examples, where good

professional colleagues, without necessarily thinking, would apply

the Liverpool Care Pathway as a blanket exercise and there.

Medication, stop hydration, because it was thought that was not what

people needed. From just a comfort level or for medical reasons, some

people would benefit from hydration. What is the thinking behind that? It

might be born out of a misconception that if you give fluids to people it

might prolong their dying. We looked at the evidence from world

literature and there is no evidence giving fluids to people at the end

of life will prolong suffering. There is no evidence if we do not

give fluids it will hasten death and we need to understand that. If

fluids are given carefully, by mouth, and in the guidelines we have

said family should be encouraged to help people to drink, to give good

mouth care, that releases time for busy nurses. If doctors are in any

doubt someone might benefit from fluids, put up a drip and see if it

makes a difference. Susan, you have huge experience, you have been a

community nurse for 50 years. How difficult is it to get it right in a

patient's dying days? It can be quite difficult. It is easier at

home, because they are usually more relaxed state home. That is usually

where people want to be. You have their family around them, who can

tell you if the person can't, what they like, what they want and what

they would not like to happen. You will always make an error of

judgment, but hopefully, we mostly get it right. The point of the

guidelines is to say what should happen at the end of someone's life.

Is it easy to know when someone is right at the end and the treatment

should change? That can be difficult. It is difficult to

recognise the very end. The last hours, you probably can, but the

last days, you have to be very careful and just treat the person as

they would like to be treated because you will hopefully would

have known that already. In that case, is it worth having guidelines?

Inevitably it will happen sometimes they will be treated as rules and

mistakes can be made. We trust not. We have given a clear list of signs

and symptoms that can be used as a guide to doctors to see if this

person is possibly dying. What we have emphasised more than other

guidelines is uncertainty. We have said somebody potentially dying

should be reviewed at least daily and in hospital several times a day

and at home maybe once or twice a day. Always looking for the chance,

is this person stable, could they be improving? In which case you have to

change the plan. Always there is an individual plan based on what they

are currently going through, what they might go through, including

hydration needs, and thinking, is the situation different? The next

day they might be better and we switch to another plan. Why not just

let the treatment carry on as it has been and see how things evolve? Why

does it have to change at the end? A good question. In a busy hospital

where I work, a person might have infection, they get antibiotics,

they might have the end results of chemotherapy for cancer. We are

saying those things, blue should be withdrawn because if they are not

giving specific health, take away the things that are not necessary

and concentrate on things that will give symptom relief. Unfortunately,

doctors and nurses need to be reminded of that. The guidelines

tell them how to do that. Susan, how much do carers around the person

dying and around the family, who are in a traumatic situation, how much

do they need to be reminded to be aware of what is required? I think

you always need to be reminded. You cannot have too much being reminded

to be sensitive and treat people with dignity. Families need to

listen, the same as you need to listen to the patient. That is what

nurses do extremely well, to listen and understand what somebody is

saying. We are hearing more and more in different areas of medicine how

important it is to have the input of loved ones around that person and it

seems extraordinary it is 2015 and that is talked about as if it is

something that has not been normal. Unfortunately, what happened in not

so well implemented cases, loved ones were actually pushed aside.

They wanted to help and they were told they could not. We are saying

that people who are there, with an interest in the welfare of that

person, provided it is safe, they should be allowed to take part in

that care. An important thing with the new guideline is no individual

doctor or nurse should have to make individual decisions themselves.

Particularly not a junior in the night. They should have someone to

turn to, a senior person. Maybe a specialist, but that is not always

available. We say it should be reviewed daily and there should be a

named person and the person dying should have the name, telephone

number, they should know how to contact for help. Liverpool Care

Pathway has gone. Are you concerned people died prematurely, even by

weeks, months, because of having had those guidelines applied to their

case, having been effectively dehydrated and start at the end? It

is sad to say, but I witnessed cases where I felt if we had not

intervened, somebody may have died, maybe a feud days before their time,

sometimes potentially longer. -- may be a feud days. I remember a lady

having feeding after a stroke. She then had cancer and suddenly they

stopped the pain feeds. She said, I am still alive, where are my fluids?

That thinking will have to go now. Although it was with good intention,

that thinking may have shortened some people'slives. And would not

have necessarily happened at home because people would have gone on

having their feed, but we would have reduced it to the amount the person

needed because they were not so active. And we frequently do that.

We have people getting in touch. A former NHS nurse saying the

Liverpool Care Pathway was good as a tool to be used alongside other

tools but it fell down due to lack of training. Another says the NHS

has to stop treating older patients as a burden and treat them with the

same respect as everybody else. Thank you for coming in. We will

talk more about this with people who have been affected previously. Their

relatives having been treated under the Liverpool Care Pathway system.

Still to come, online videos that some people claim make their heads

tingle. And I will be speaking to the father of Malala as Pakistani

marks the anniversary of an attack on a school where 150 people died.

Doctors and nurses are being urged to treat dying patients

as individuals rather than making "snap decisions" about their care.

The health watchdog NICE says staff in England need to move away

from a "tick-box" approach to treatment at the end

Pakistan is marking the first anniversary of the devastating

Taliban attack on the Army Public School in Peshawar,

in which 150 lost their lives, 132 of them children.

Survivors and relatives of the dead will attend a service at the school,

where they will hold a two-minute silence and unveil a memorial

Scotland's Finance Secretary, John Swinney, has promised

to prioritise funding for hospitals, schools and policing when he unveils

the Scottish Government's budget later today.

For the first time he also has the option to set a separate income

tax rate but it's expected he'll keep it in line with the rest

MPs will vote today on whether or not to give the green

light for fracking to take place under National Parks

It's expected that plans to allow the extraction of shale gas in these

areas will be approved, so long as the drilling begins

Critics have accused the government of a U-turn after it pledged

an outright ban on fracking in environmentally sensitive

For many, the wait is almost over. Star Wars Force awakens is soon to

reach cinema screens. Fans have been queueing overnight. The red-carpet

has been rolled out and original cast members including Harrison Ford

are set to reunite alongside a new generation of actors. Later we will

have two of the original actors in the studio. Not those I mentioned!

Let's catch up with all the sport now and join Olly at the BBC Sport

Are you a Star Wars fan? I am a massive Star Wars fan. Who will be

is people be, I am looking forward to that! Force awakens. I am sure

Chelsea fans are hoping that happens to them. 48 hours from their latest

defeat, the papers are having a field day. How much longer does Jose

Mourinho have? This one saying apparently there will be an

emergency meeting. Will Roman Abramovich give him the thumbs down.

It will cost between 10 million and ?40 million to sack him. Here we go.

More dressing room revolt. One point above the relegation zone.

Officially the worst Premier League title defence. 20 points off the

top. Leicester who beat them on Monday are top. 20 points ahead of

Chelsea. You cannot buy your way out of trouble. Apparently he will not

bring in new players in the transfer window. And is it breaking point?

They have turned so many corners, they think, but they are going

around in circles. Jose Mourinho, he used the word betrayed. He was

talking about his players and how they applied his tactics. Cesc

Fabregas says they are big players and half to behave like big players.

We will hear more of what the Spaniard has to say. Scunthorpe will

be heading to Stamford Bridge. They came through a second round FA Cup

replay. Non-league Salford city went out. A great journey for them. What

a mess at the rugby football union. Steve Borthwick, raising him, he is

going to be Eddie Jones' first backroom appointment, the right-hand

man for England. His current club Bristol said you should not be

talking to him and he is contracted to stay with them.

Unemployment fell by 110,000 between August and October to 1.71 million.

We will be speaking to government minister Priti Patel for her

for her reaction to those figures in a little while.

You may not have heard about ASMR but type it into a search engine

and you get more than 11 million responses,

They are designed for relaxation and for many viewers can cause

a distinctive and pleasurable tingling sensation in the head.

Scientists are now investigating the phenomena of Autonomous Sensory

Meridian Response in more depth, as Nick Higham has been

Why not try watching a video before bed?

What I'm watching is called an ASMR video.

It stands for Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response.

There are literally thousands of them online.

At first sight, I have to admit they look a bit weird.

Some of the most famous feature a woman folding towels.

There are people pretending to be doctors and therapists.

There are videos of people whispering.

There are videos of people making scratching, crinkling

Part of the secret is that the videos are recorded

Listen on headphones, and you are immersed in the sound

as it moves, rather spookily, around your head.

Many people find these videos relaxing.

They help them to sleep, wash away the stresses

But in a lot of people, including me, they don't

They produce an intensely pleasurable buzzing or tingling

sensation in the head, that's quite unlike anything else.

Now, I've been getting that sensation ever since I was a child,

long before internet videos were invented.

Emma is one of the UK's most popular makers of ASMR videos.

She records them in her garden shed, puts them on YouTube had

ASMR is a nice, relaxing, tingly feeling that usually starts

in the crown of your head and works its way down your

Sometimes it goes all the way through to the limbs.

Many of her videos feature gentle sounds, like those made

Sound is a common trigger for ASMR, along with whispering,

and the sort of close personal attention you get from a visit

Like many people who experience ASMR, until the internet came along,

Emma had no idea that other people got it too.

It was just an amazing feeling to know that there's a name for this

thing that I've always experienced, and that other people

Since then, I've found out that my brother experiences it,

He used to call it the golden feeling, which I thought

Maybe they don't experience ASMR themselves and so don't

Or they look at the people who make these videos,

many of whom are attractive, young women and assume the appeal

Or they just dismiss the whole thing as a sort of New Age-y nonsense.

But scientists are starting to get interested.

At Sheffield University, I met four PhD students investigating ASMR.

Three of the four discovered they all shared experience

It is something that I've had for literally my whole life.

It tends to be women, usually Eastern European,

who have very soft-spoken voices, and they are telling

And it's also the anticipation between certain words that really

So it's almost the pauses between words.

Just put that right on your diaphragm, and then I will attach

We talked after they put me through the test they've devised

to see what happens to people as they watch ASMR videos.

I was connected to a monitor so they could measure my heart rate,

What we're doing is showing ASMR videos and we're testing both people

who know that they get ASMR, and those who know that they don't

get ASMR, and we want to find out if there

What really gave me the buzz was getting wired up

Lots of people say that's just the sort of close personal attention

This is itself stimulating the tingles.

After that, the videos themselves were a bit of a let down.

One, by Emma WhispersRed, I'd suggested myself.

One, which wasn't meant to give me tingles, was by a man teaching me

To be honest, none of them had much effect.

You can see during the first video, which was the video that you chose,

you can see that your heart rate increased slightly.

One of the four students doesn't experience ASMR.

That's Theresa, the woman actually running the tests,

and she finds the videos, well, a bit creepy.

They are kind of moving their hands slowly and touching things and then

they have these whispery voices and they are folding towels.

I mean, I can understand how that is relaxing,

if you are at, say, a spa, but it is just a video,

you are not really talking to another person, so why

They tend to seem quite sexualised, because they often involve very

beautiful women, getting very close to a camera, whispering.

But the feeling is distinctly nonsexual.

So people who have ASMR know it is not a sexual thing.

That is one thing we are looking into in our study.

Now, the Sheffield students aren't the only scientists to get

A year ago, two psychologists at Swansea University published

a paper on ASMR, and they think it could be good for your health.

Dr Nick Davies was one of the study's authors.

They found that ASMR videos do relax people,

and might have a role to play in treating stress,

We found that people's mood increased or improved during,

So people who have low mood in their daily life would find

a real benefit of watching an ASMR video.

If you feel you're experiencing symptoms of depression,

a persistent low mood, then absolutely you need to find

professional help, but I think we all go through periods of stress

and low mood and just feeling down, and I think this is something that

could be used to treat yourself to a little "me time",

like having a hot bath or going for a run.

So, all those thousands of videos may be doing people good,

Why does watching them make some people's head buzz?

One day, maybe, they will work it out, and tell us.

And to share that film and watch it again please head

to our programme page bbc.co.uk/victoria.

Coming up, I will be speaking to the Employment Minister Priti Patel on

the latest UK job figures which have been released this morning.

Pakistan is marking the first anniversary of an attack

on a school, where more than 150 people died,

A service has been held this morning at the army public school

in Peshawar, where a memorial has been unveiled.

The massacre was carried out by the Taliban.

This is what used to be the school auditorium,

and it's where Taliban gunmen walked in from this side,

came up the steps and started shooting pupils inside

It is when a normal school day turned into carnage.

They were in the hall, they were firing and they were

killing every student and every teacher.

When he left the hall, we were seeing there

We were so scared and we were shivering, and you can't think

We don't like to talk about it, it hurts too much.

No, I don't like to go to school now after the attack.

Well, life seems to be going back to normal here in the public school,

and watching the children play, it is very difficult to imagine only

a year ago a massacre took place not very far from this playground.

Despite the show of normality, the memories of that day hang over

everyone and everything in the school.

A teenager who was shot four times in the attacks hopes his treatment

Thirteen-year-old Ibrahim Khan has been recuperating in Britain

following extensive surgery in London.

His treatment has been paid for by a Pakistani businessman

TRANSLATION: I was shot four times, in the stomach, shoulder and back.

After the fourth bullet, I passed out.

I didn't know if I was dead or alive.

They thought I had died, and put me next to the dead bodies,

but a nurse felt my pulse and saved me.

I can't sleep at night, I still have nightmares

that the terrorists are coming to kill me.

Let's talk now to our correspondent Shaimaa Kalil who is in Peshawar.

It is quiet on the streets. All the roads leading up to the school have

been closed. The school itself has been heavily fortified as students

who survived the attack and families of those lost in the attack made

their way onto the school premises and were greeted by military and

civilian leadership. A year may have passed on this event but many of the

students and the parents I have spoken to say they are reliving this

every day and it is hard for them to move on from what happened. Quite a

bit of criticism one year on from families who say they have not

received enough support. The government maintains they have given

families financial support, and some medical and psychological, but some

families and even students, one said last year he was left to fend for

himself and he was dealing with these emotions by himself with no

support. You touched on the impact on families and students. Tell us

how they feel, every day, going into that school. As much changed to make

them feel more secure? It is really interesting. When we went in, it was

a difficult feeling, going back, having been in the school the day

after the attack. You can imagine children who lived through that

incident, going back every day to the school, remembering friends

they'd lost, and to be able to concentrate on studies, how

difficult that could be. That has been the challenge for the students

and teachers and for the families. Everything in that school, despite

the fact the buildings have been refurbished, the auditorium turned

into a library, but this does not take away from the fact this changed

their lives for ever. One teacher who lost her son in the attack said

the school feels like a graveyard and when she goes into the

classrooms she misses the children she used to teach and in the staff

room she misses the friends, the other teachers who died in that

attack. That is tragic. What help are they getting by way of

psychological help to get them through this? That is the key. Some

students and teachers we saw today are still visibly winded and are

receiving medical help. As many students tell us of having

nightmares still, not being able to move on, finding it difficult --

visibly wounded. The minister said the government is doing all it can

to help the children but this is something they are dealing with for

the first time, as well, and it will take time for the children and

families to be out of the woods completely psychologically. Still

dealing with the trauma of that day. Thank you.

As doctors are told to show more respect for people who are dying, I

will speak to two people who had bad experiences during the final months

of their loved ones' lives. Let us know if you have been affected.

We can talk about the latest employment figures which have come

out in the last half-hour. Unemployment fell by 110,000

according to the latest figures. The number of people out of work is 1.7

million but there was an extra 4000 benefits claimants last month. We

can bring in our economics correspondent, who can talk us

through the figures. We will speak to the employment minister in a

moment. Breakdown the figures. The biggest headline is the fact

unemployment is lower than it has been at any time since 2006, a ten

year low for unemployment, which is good news. The economic theory says

when unemployment drops, the labour market gets tighter and it is harder

for employers to find people and therefore they have to pay more to

attract them to jobs. That does not appear to be happening stopped last

time we had these figures, average earnings were rising by 2.5%,

excluding bonuses. This time they are rising by 2.0%. That is not what

theory says should happen when unemployment is dropping and the

labour market gets tighter. That will be an interesting point for the

government to consider. Anything else coming through in the figures?

If you include bonuses, earnings rising by 2.4% and it is interesting

how it informs the outlook for the Bank of England and adjusting

interest rates. We expect to hear later today the US Federal Reserve

is likely to raise interest rates today for the first time in nine

years. It is a question for the bank of England as to whether they raise

interest rates, possibly to slow down the economy if inflation takes

off. One main figure they have been watching to determine upward

pressures on inflation is average earnings. The theory has been we

have had low inflation, even deflation this year, because we have

had falling all prices. That will drop out of the equation, people

want pay rises, which will put prices up because people will have

two charge higher prices to cover wage bills. That has not happened.

The projections last year, they don't appear in these numbers to

come true. It means the likelihood of an early rising interest rates in

the UK looks less than it was say before these numbers came out. When

you say early, what is the potential time frame? There have been mixed

messages even from the governor of the Bank of England. He among others

is careful not to predict when interest rates will rise but to say

some factors he will look at and other members of the Monetary Policy

Committee will weigh in making the decision. The City is betting, even

a quarter point rise in interest rates here in the UK, they bet you

will not get that until the back half of next year. So perhaps a

50-50 possibility according to the City that interest rates will rise

in November next year. Some say they should rise sooner.

in November next year. Some say they rates were designed for a time when

the economy was in a pathological condition. A very poor condition,

but many people think that is not the case and we should return back

to normality. In order to justify that return, you have to have a sign

that inflation is looking like it might head back to the Bank of

England's target of 2%. We can talk to the employment minister in

Westminster. Thank you for joining us. Let's talk about employment

figures. They are down again, you must be happy to see that? We are

ending the year with employment at a record high. We have figures that

show we have more people in employment since 1971 and over the

past year we have seen half a million more people in employment.

That is a sign of a strong economy. Looking at wages growth, it seems to

buck the trend that would be expected in that wages growth is

going down. How do you explain that? We have seen wages increase over

2.4% over the past year and on top of that we see more people in work,

earning more money. But the rate of growth is slowing. At the same time,

we will introduce the new national living wage next year. People will

have more of their own money to keep and through decreases in...

Increases in personal allowance, lower taxes, people are better off

and more economic to secure. They can only have that through strong

economic conditions we have had more secure employment prospects.

Interest rates likely to go up in the US today. Is this country ready

for a rise? Matters of interest rates are for the Bank of England.

We will wait and see what comes out of the Federal Reserve today. It is

worth reflecting we end the year with record levels of employment,

more people in work than before. More young people and women in work.

That is a sign of a strong economy. Going into next year we will have

great policies coming to fruition, including additional childcare

support for people going to work and the national living wage. The bank

of England survey of household finances that the government

austerity programme has weighed on household spending and is likely to

continue to do so. When you look at the factors, low interest... Low oil

prices, low interest rates, if either one changed, what impact

could it have on an economy that looks to be finely balanced? Many of

these decisions of the impact will be assessed by economists and the

bank of England. It is fair to say inflation is low. It is zero. We see

wage growth of 2.4% over the past year, which is significant. We have

seen strong and consistent wage growth and people are better off,

able to keep more money and spend more of their money through lower

taxes. Importantly they have security of employment, which is

what we have seen through the employment figures published today.

We have more people in full-time work than before. We have more women

and young people in work. We are ambitious as a government. We will

not stand still, we want more people in work. We are aiming for another 2

million people in work and the creation of more apprenticeships.

Our policies are working towards that and to securing the economy for

the long-term. We can bring you some breaking news about Donald Trump.

Not about his presidential campaign or comments he has made, it is about

his fight against an offshore wind farm project near to his Scottish

golf resort. You might be aware of his investments in the golf resort.

He has been fighting an offshore wind projects near to the resort and

we hear he has lost the Supreme Court fight and we will bring you

more if and when we get it. Also the long-awaited Star Wars film is here

and I will be joined by cast members of the original films to discuss the

secret behind its longevity. And no one has correctly guessed who the

cast members are. It will be great to talk to them and have them in the

studio. Are you a Star Wars fan? I can take it or leave it. Certainly

not queueing up outside. It is Star Wars weather today. Temperatures are

more akin to May the 4th, which is Star Wars day. Very mild in the UK.

I will show you interesting pictures, a place that is normally

mild in December, Sydney, they have had intense downpours, a big

thunderstorm and reports of a tornado in Sydney.

And hailstorms. You can see the intense rain. It is more about the

wind. A super thunderstorm that moved up the coast of eastern

Australia. Producing flash flooding and incredible wind speeds. Over 100

mph. The damage you saw on the car is from a hailstone. Cricket ball

sized. It is a pretty big storm. Australia is hot at this time of

year and they get these storms but it is unusual to have this in a

major city. It is such a sparsely, -- sparsely populated country, it is

unusual to get it in the city. There is a hailstone.

Back home, thankfully... It is too warm.

It is almost Christmas. Temperatures have been and will be 16 degrees,

maybe 17 Celsius, compared with the average, we asked six, 7 degrees

above that. That is why it does not feel like December. He wanted to

feel a bit like Christmas. The problem at the moment is the

temperatures are caused by where the air is coming from. We are drawing

up this wind from the south-west. Ringing warmth from the African

coast. We will keep the south-westerly wind into the weekend

and temperatures will stay above average. The wind bringing warmth

and moisture, which is why there is a lot of cloud around. Do not expect

a huge amount of sunshine. Some brightness today. Rain in the

north-east of England. Drizzle around western hills and coasts.

Foremost, the day will brighten up. For many, a dry afternoon. Staying

and murky over the moors and in south-west England. Further east, I

am hopeful skies will brighten and we might see weak sunshine but

without it, temperatures still above average. Some patchy drizzle over

the Highlands of Scotland. The north-east of Scotland might

brighten up. We will have rain across Shetland. Temperatures here

in single figures. Still above average for the time of year. It is

worth emphasising the temperatures. Widely 13, 14. With some brightness

it could possibly be 16, 17 degrees. Another mild night. The wind drawing

up from the south and west. Some outbreaks of rain. Maybe sharp

showers in the South for a time. More persistent rain coming into

Scotland later in the night. It is all about the temperatures. Staying

in double figures. Overnight temperatures higher than the average

maximum. We will see a subtle change tomorrow. Any extra rain falling

over flooded ground is not welcome. Not anticipated to be too many

problems at this stage but it is worth watching. Eastern areas having

a fine day. It will brighten up behind the band of rain. The band of

rain is from a cold front. The air behind it is colder, but only

slightly. Maybe fresher on Friday, but another area of low pressure.

The warm wind continuing to blow our way. Through the weekend, 12, 13, 14

Celsius. Outbreaks of rain and we have to keep an eye on that for the

flooded areas. Even into Christmas week, it will be mild.

Hello, it's Wednesday, it's ten o'clock.

I'm Joanna Gosling in for Victoria, welcome to the programme if you've

Doctors are told to show more respect for people who are dying and

not to make snap decisions about their care. You have to be very

careful and treat the person as they would like to be treated. I will be

speaking to two women who say they had bad experiences of care during

the last months of their parents' lives. Pakistan marks the

anniversary of an attack on a school where more than 150 people died. The

latest Star Wars movie premiers in London tonight. Will it live up to

the hype? Doctors and nurses are being urged

to treat dying patients as individuals rather than making

"snap decisions" about their care. The health watchdog NICE says staff

in England need to move away from a "tick-box" approach

to treatment at the end of people's It was necessary because I have to

say up to now, Britain has not had any guidelines. This is the first

set of guidelines for the NHS to follow for the care of dying adults.

Some think that the Liverpool care pathway was a guideline. But it was

a set of principles to take what was going on in hospices and tried to

transplant those into busy hospital wards and home care settings and

nursing homes, but it was not fully implemented. What the new guideline

will be is embedding this directly into the NHS. Unemployment fell

between 110,000 between August and October. The number of people out of

work stands at 1.71 million. UK unemployment is now at its lowest

level for nearly ten years. A service, including a two-minute

silence, has been held in Pakistan to mark the first anniversary of a

deadly Taliban attack on a school in Peshawar. 150 people died in the

attack, including 132 children. Survivors and relatives

Scotland's Finance Secretary, John Swinney, has promised

to prioritise funding for hospitals, schools and policing when he unveils

the Scottish Government's budget later today.

For the first time he also has the option to set a separate income

tax rate but it's expected he'll keep it in line with the rest

The American billionaire and presidential candidate Donald Trump

has lost an extreme court fight about the wind farm to be set next

to his golf course in Scotland. He had argued the plans would spoil the

view from his luxury cause, but the Supreme Court judges ruled against

MPs will vote today on whether or not to give the green

light for fracking to take place under National Parks

It's expected that plans to allow the extraction of shale gas in these

areas will be approved, so long as the drilling

Critics have accused the government of a U-turn.

And for many the wait is almost over and the Force will soon

Star Wars: The Force Awakens, one of the most highly-anticipated

cinema releases in recent years, is soon to reach UK cinema screens.

Fans have been queuing throughout the night ahead of the premiere

The red carpet has been rolled out and original cast members

Harrison Ford, Carrie Fisher and Mark Hamill are set to reunite

alongside a new generation of actors.

Let's catch up with the sport now. Chelsea are in the headlines again

and pressure on Jose Mourinho. 16 games into the season and

Chelsea's title defence is the worst in Premier League history. Their

defeat to leaders Leicester on Monday night leaves them one point

above the relegation zone. That is the sort of form that get managers

sacked. Jose Mourinho was playing the blame game when he described his

players as betrayers of his tactics. Cesc Fabregas has been accused of

whipping up a dressing room revolt and he said the club's players must

justify their wages and behave like big players and all the players have

to take responsibility. He says we must always be at the top of our

games and the behaviour has to be better than what we are seeing now

from every player. They are playing Sunderland last weekend which is

being missed you busy described as a relegation game. Scunthorpe will be

heading to Stamford Bridge next weekend in the FA Cup after they

beat Leyton Orient last night. Also through our Shrewsbury and Walsall,

but not Salford city. Their FA Cup run is over. They are part owned by

five former Manchester United players and they went down 2-0 at

Hartlepool. They pushed them all the way and they had the most chances.

Scott pfennig's goal came against play,. It has been revealed John

Colombo was virtually penniless when he died last month at the age of 40.

It seems a combination of his generosity and his long-standing

kidney illness led to him having no saving. The New Zealand rugby

players Association has stepped in and established a trust fund to

support his two sons who are six and five. We realised there would not be

a financial windfall for the family to rely upon, so the players thought

we needed to step up. We had offers of support from all around the world

and it was fantastic. He was a special character, that is for sure.

The thing that would have pleased him the most would have been to see

him see the boys and 21. He wanted to see them go on and do special

things. England are in a tug of war with Bristol over the services of

their former captain Steve Borthwick. Head coach Eddie Jones

wanted him as his assistant. They worked together in the World Cup

with Japan. He starts his job as the forwards' coach today. Borthwick

himself said he was excited by the opportunity, but Bristol say no

agreement has been reached and he is in a long contract with them and

they did not give the RFU permission to speak to him. I think a hefty

compensation package could be on the way to Bristol. I will be back with

all your headlines at half-past. I will be back with all your

headlines at half-past. We're on BBC Two and the BBC

News Channel until 11 this morning. We'll keep you across the latest

breaking and developing stories. You have been getting in touch about

the new guidelines to help in the treatment of those dying. One nurse

says, we always addressed each patient as an individual. Today's

report demonstrates how we have left key aspects of basic nursing

practice in the -- to create an all graduate profession. It is about

effective communication beam between doctors, nations and patients.

Everything has to be done in the patient's best interest so that

person can pass away with the utmost dignity and compassion.

And as ever your comments are really welcome.

Texts will be charged at the standard network rate.

And of course you can watch the programme online wherever

you are - via the bbc news app or our website bbc.co.uk/victoria

and you can also subscribe to all our features on the news app,

by going to add topics and searching Victoria Derbyshire.

Doctors and nurses are being urged to treat dying patients

as individuals rather than making "snap decisions" about their care.

The health watchdog NICE says staff in England need to move away

from a "tick-box" approach to treatment at the end

The guidance is intended to address misuse of the previous system -

the Liverpool Care Pathway - which left some patients heavily

Denise Charlesworth-Smit's father died while on a end of life pathway

and was denied fluids which the family did not know about.

Kayleigh Hollobone's mother was put on a care pathway

but was taken off it after Kayleigh complained.

Thank you all for joining us. Denise, your dad Philip died after

he went into hospital in January 2012 with pneumonia. You saw the

Liverpool care pathway in action in his dying days. What did you think

about it? We did not know that it was the Liverpool care pathway.

Nobody explained anything to us. It was that which caused him to be

heavily sedated and he had no food or fluids. What were the things that

were worrying you? The thing that worried us was we had a phone call

to say could we come up to see my dad because there had been an

episode overnight. When we got there we asked for a discussion with a

doctor and no doctor came to talk to us. We wanted to give our dad a

drink because we were being offered a drink of tea and he was not

allowed to have one. All he was allowed to do was to suck on a

sponge. As far as I was concerned, it seemed barbaric. There was nobody

around to help us, to answer our questions, and to find out what was

happening. How distressing was that? Very distressing. Because we had

come up in a flurry and we did not know what was happening, my mum and

my brother had to go home because my mother did not have her medication

with her. As a result I decided to stay with my father and within the

hour they had left, he passed away right in front of me and it was

extremely distressing to think that neither my brother nor my mum were

able to say goodbye to my dad. That is something that I hold the NHS

responsible for totally. Your mum died in 2012 when she was put on the

Liverpool care pathway, but you got her taken of it. I was lucky because

I had a good relationship with the nursing staff and everybody on the

ward. We had a palliative care nurse visit and she wrote on my mother's

note LCP and I noticed my mother was not getting any fluids. You did not

know what LCP was? No, I did not. I did not know why she was not

receiving fluids. She had radiotherapy and a brain tumour and

her brain swelled and she was very tired and needed to recover from

that. That is when we got the palliative care nurse visit and that

is when the decision was made. It was not based on the judgment of how

my mum had been, but based on one visit and it was a decision and I

got it removed because I had built up a relationship with the nursing

staff. On the basis of that position the judgment was taken that she had

days to live and her treatment changed and you felt differently and

she lived for a few more months. It was not three more months of being

on machines, it was three more months of laughing, eating three

meals a day, wanting her nails done, it was three months of my mum back

again. Yes, we were in a nursing home, but after the decision was

made, we got sent to a hospice where she was told she was too well to be

there. From going from being told she was at the end of her life on

the pathway, she was told she was too well to be in a hospice and

moved into a nursing home and she carried on living for a few more

months. When the decision was right to not treat her, that is when we

made the decision, but it was not made for us. The Liverpool care

pathway was designed to make people's dying days better. There

are so many experiences of where things were not right. When you hear

stories like this, what do you think?

It is shocking every hear these stories. We know each other well and

I have heard her story. The complexity of looking after people

is what is often missing in health care these days. We are trained

often, particularly Juniors, hospital processes, they are

processed driven and do not notice the person and the complexities

around what is happening. Communication is poor. Individuals

coming in and rushing through and seeing someone, seeing a set of

signs, numbers on a piece of paper, and jumping to a conclusion is a

risk that has happened. The Liverpool Care Pathway was a set of

guidelines. It was based on the way people were treated in their dying

days in hospices, designed to be best practice. The problem is it

does not matter how good it is, you will crash it. If it is not

maintained and supporting that education alongside it, the time

devoted, then there are problems. The team used to looking after her

was not the team it seems made the decision about stopping treatments

and starting the pathway. It seems to come down to something simple,

communication between medical staff and the family. It is called being

human. It is recognising people change, circumstances change.

Everybody needs time to understand what is happening. They need to

recognise where things are changing rapidly, or when maybe something is

happening now but could be different in a day or two. What would have

made a difference for your family? Are there simple changes that would

have made things better? Yes, like he says, it is being human. Actually

having the front to sit down and discuss with a family and explained

what was happening to the person who was in the bed. We were denied any

communication until after the event. That was the only time we found out,

supposedly, what was wrong with my dad, which was wrong, incorrect. I

have to say, listening to what Rob was saying about embedding it into

the way of life and communication, I understand the communication budget

for any NHS training is being cut. I also know that as far as

communication is concerned, I am working with hospitals. I thought I

might put my experience to good use. I am being snapped up by hospitals

and discussing with them about this aspect of communication and still

finding out that doctors are not having that communication with the

patient or family, and it is actually a case of shying clear of

it. They are saying things like they might not see Christmas. What does

that mean? Does it mean the person will go blind? What are we talking

about? It is communicating with the person as a person and explaining to

them in proper words what is going to happen to them. That is where we

were denied the opportunity to be with my dad as a family, because I

know full well my mum and brother with not have gone home if they knew

he had an hour before he died. Are the guidelines on something like

this going to be helpful? When it comes down to human judgments and

decisions. And different circumstances in cases. There is a

danger with guidelines that people will enforce them as a set of rules.

The useful thing about the guidance is it is collecting all the evidence

together. It is shown clearly from what we know from the science as to

what is the right way to approach. The headlines on that is for

examples that just giving a person fluids, for the sake of it, is not

necessarily a good thing. Equally, if somebody is thirsty or if you are

concerned about whether they are not eating or drinking, you need to pay

attention. And so her father should never... Someone should not be

refused a cup of tea if they want it? Absolutely not. They are

important things. It is the recognition that circumstances

change and clinical things are complex. It is the drugs themselves

that's will not kill people, what kills people is the disease and if

you do not pay attention to the support of the person, for example,

your mum, and think, it is possible there has been the consequence of

treatment, just finished, as to why she is not well at the moment. There

is not an active clinical assessment at least every day, if you're not

sure what is going on, that is basic clinical skill, paying attention to

the person in front of you. Not looking at x-rays, numbers. It is

communicating with the family and asking, this is what mum is normally

like? What do you think she would want to do now? Other things we need

to talk about. Have you had conversations about these things?

You did speak up. There were concerns. When you go through

something like this it must be quite hard. Most people who go through

that, the people who are not medically trained, you could

possibly be agreeing to go down that pathway. It is a lot of pressure on

a family. Especially with someone you love so much, you are not ready

to make the decision, and that is where communication is strong, so

they are informed before making a decision. The key thing is the

seniority of staff doing the talking. The teams around. So it is

not an individual decision or by a junior doctor. Can I just say

something? That is not happening. I have to say, witnessing it,

shadowing somebody who is in end of life care facilitator, I found out

that the senior doctors are not having that conversation with the

family and it is the end of life care facilitator that is having that

conversation with the next of kin. I have to say, going back to the

guidelines, the fact that one recommendation is, research into

whether that person is actually dying, why have guidelines if you do

not know the person is dying? It makes a farce of it and how long

before these guidelines are ridiculed? Thank you for sharing

your experiences and getting in touch. Stewart says why deny fluids

for a dying person? It seems like torture. Anonymous, my boyfriend was

dying in a hospital and I spent my last days with him and the staff

were brilliant. We can bring you more on Donald Trump.

candidate Donald Trump has lost a Supreme Court fight

against an offshore wind farm project near his

Scottish Government ministers approved proposals for an 11-turbine

scheme off the Aberdeenshire coast in 2013.

In the past few moments a spokesperson for the Trump

Organisation says the decision shows the Scottish government's "foolish,

small minded and parochial mentality".

Let's return to the anniversary of the attack on a military

More than 150 people died - 132 of them children.

A service has been held this morning at the army public school

in Peshawar, where a memorial has been unveiled.

The massacre was carried out by the Taliban.

Let's talk now to Ziauddin Yousafzai - his daughter Malala was shot

by the Taliban in Pakistan in 2012 - she's now a Nobel Peace Prize Winner

She is a world famous education activist.

Let's talk now to Ziauddin Yousafzai.

and presumably what happened in Peshawar resonates with your family

right now? Yes, of course. We can understand the trauma of the parents

and families which they have passed through since last year, because

when my daughter was attacked, it was extremely difficult for bus. 132

children, with their teachers. -- difficult for us. It was the

blackest day in the history of Pakistan, because we cannot give any

examples of a human savagery in the recent history. It was really

difficult for all the families. That is why this day, the 16th of

December, is commemorated in Pakistan. What is the best way to

deal with this sort of act? This is a very good and important question.

Last night, when we had a commemoration, Malala... Can you

hear me? Unfortunately we lost you for a moment, but I have got you

back. We will keep trying. Should I speak? Yes, perfect, thank you. Your

question is important in the sense that you ask it, how can we deal

with this issue? Last night we had a commemoration here. I must tell you,

Malala told yes we have a national action plan to fight against

terrorism, but there should be another operation. There is an

operation, a military operation, and there should be an operation against

terrorism. Our priority should be the quality education to eliminate

terrorism and coercion of the mindset of the people. That is the

only way we can restore peace, harmony and pleura listen to our

society. Eusebio pen is mightier than the sword? -- you say?

The opposition parties, the government of Pakistan... A national

action plan. I mentioned an action plan has been written with the blood

of the martyrs of Peshawar. We must be honest to the commitments we have

made to the nation. We should, every year, commemorate this day. And see

how much we have succeeded on different levels to combat against

terrorists and to eliminate extremist ideology in our country.

We appreciate your time this morning. We struggled at times to

hear you because of a poor connection, but it is good to have

your thoughts. Thank you. Doctors and nurses are being urged

to treat dying patients as individuals rather than making

"snap decisions" about their care. The guidelines from health watchdog

NICE says staff in England need to move away from a "tick-box"

approach to treatment at the end Charities and health care

professionals welcome the guidelines. The complexity of

looking after people is what is missing often in health care these

days. We are trained often, particularly juniors and hospital

processes are processed riff on and they do not notice the person and

complexities around what is happening.

Unemployment fell by 110,000 between August and October official

The number of people currently out of work stands at 1.7 million.

This compares to a 1.75 million the previous month.

At 5.2% UK unemployment is now at it's lowest level

A service, including a two minute silence,

has been held in Pakistan to mark the first anniversary

of the devastating Taliban attack on a school in Peshawar.

150 killed people died in the attack including 132 children.

Survivors and relatives attended the ceremony where a memorial

Scotland's Finance Secretary, John Swinney, has promised

to prioritise funding for hospitals, schools and policing when he unveils

the Scottish Government's budget later today.

For the first time he also has the option to set a separate income

tax rate but it's expected he'll keep it in line with the rest

Donald Trump has lost a Supreme Court fight against a wind farm near

his golf resort. Donald Trump argued the plans would spoil the view from

his luxury golf course but supreme court judges ruled against him.

MPs will vote today on whether or not to give the green

light for fracking to take place under National Parks

It's expected that plans to allow the extraction of shale gas in these

areas will be approved, so long as the drilling

Critics have accused the government of a U-turn.

Star Wars fans have been queueing through the night ahead of the

latest Star Wars film tonight. Original cast members Harrison Ford

and Carrie Fisher are set to be reunited alongside a new generation

of actors. There is an awful lot of speculation

about what has been going on at Chelsea. In the last 24 hours at the

Chelsea owner Roman Abramowitz has led to discussions with the club's

hierarchy about just how the champions can turn things around.

Naturally, as part of those talks Jose Mourinho's position did come

up. They are one point above the relegation zone and his future is in

question, despite the public backing given to him by the owner earlier

this season. Things have been going from bad to worse. This was not an

emergency board meeting. When a decision comes on

emergency board meeting. When a future, like the first time, it will

come directly from the owner. Roman Abramowitz has taken soundings from

inside the dressing room in the past from the likes of John Terry, the

senior players. The manager's relationship with them is under

strain and Jose Mourinho blamed them for betraying his work on Monday

night on that defeat to Leicester, for not following his tactics. It is

impossible to put a timeline on his future, but they have a match coming

up against Sunderland, one of the few clubs below them in the Premier

League. It is being described as a relegation game. Will he be around

this weekend? Probably, but there are bullet points to look forward

to, like their return to the Champions League in February. But

certainly those discussions have taken place and Jose Mourinho's

position has been discussed. Lots of you getting in touch about the

conversation on end of life treatment and new guidelines. Robin

on Twitter says, I am a nurse and have experience wonderful palliative

care. The Liverpool pathway did help to cut down on unnecessary

interventions. Lady says my dad received the best care by the

palliative care nursing team. We were fully informed and we were

asked at all times where we happy with that's care. I could not praise

the team enough. Keep your comments coming in.

British astronaut Tim Peake is spending his first full day

on the International Space Station today.

He arrived yesterday evening with his two crew mates

after a six-hour journey from Earth in the Soyuz rocket,

to a warm greeting from the three astronauts who are already

Hello, Tim, it is mum. Hello, ma'am. I think you would call today a

spectacular day in the office. I think we had a great time in the

office, that is for sure. During his six months

orbiting the planet, Tim Peake will share his cramped

quarters on the space station with five other astronauts,

from Russia and the United States. The whole station is only a little

bit bigger than a football pitch and Major Peake's bed will be

a sleeping bag strapped to the wall. I'm joined now by Captain

Michael Davis-Marks, a former Royal Navy submarine

commander, who spent up to three You are used to cramped conditions

with no natural daylight. What is it like? Good morning. The last time I

went to an International Space Station was some time ago, so it has

probably changed. Life on a submarine is a unique experience,

but not six people, we have got 120 in a modern-day nuclear powered

submarine and we can be a way for five months at a time, so there are

many similarities as well. The biggest difference is the inability

to talk to people back at home. I am guessing that Tim will be allowed a

daily phone call home, or a video link home, but in a submarine that

is not possible. We don't see them for months on end. What about being

in such close quarters with a group of people, some of whom you may not

get on with? What is it like? That is a good question and in my humble

opinion it comes down to three factors which are professionalism,

teamwork and tolerance. On the professional front the training in

the Royal Navy and in the submarine service and in the British Armed

Forces generally, and Major Tim has had some of that, is second to none,

it is world-class. It teaches you about how to get on with other

people in the submarine and in close quarters. Property were prospective,

life is all about learning to work as a team player and team manager,

so working as a team is important. That applies anyway, but it is acute

in space stations and submarines. The last bit about tolerance is all

about knowing we are all human beings and we all have our foibles

and it is being tolerant of other people. Professionalism, teamwork

and tolerance are important wherever you may be, be it under the water or

in space. Being cooped up might make you go stir crazy, you need a change

of scene sometimes, but you cannot get that in the space station or in

a submarine. How do you keep your mind focused and not start to feel

that you are going stir crazy? That comes down to the professionalism

because you have got a job to do. Neither submarines nor space

stations carry passengers. You are there because you are doing a job

and you are pretty busy. Running a submarine underwater for months on

end is a 24-hour a day job, it is seven days a week, 365 days. It does

not go to sleep at night, it does not weekends. You are pretty busy

all the time and be has a way of focusing the mind and not letting

you get distracted by minor issues. Thank you very much. You are

welcome. Former Prime Minister Sir John Major

has said the UK should stay in the European Union -

regardless of how David Cameron's Tomorrow the Prime Minister attends

a summit of all the EU's leaders in Brussels

where he will continue This is an issue that divides the

Conservative Party and no one knows more than that and John Major back

when he was the leader and when he had his own problems. All the focus

now is on Thursday evening. David Cameron is going to Brussels and

there will be a two hour working dinner when he puts the changes he

wants to the other leaders. They are not going to any documents to get to

the end of a negotiating position, but they will have a free ranging

discussion about some of the things he is asking for and the most

contentious of those is about migration across Europe. David

Cameron is under pressure from his own side to take back control of the

UK's borders. John Major said he said people should not necessarily

regard Thursday as high noon, there was a bigger, broader picture to

look at. If there was anyone

in the United Kingdom who really ought to be anti-European

and thoroughly frustrated with them I did after all say no to the euro

currency in the early 90s, I said no to the single market

and I said no to joining Schengen I am scept ale of a great deal

of European Union policy, but flirting with leaving

at a moment when the whole world is coming together seems

to me toe very dangerous This was one of the strongest case

is being made by a senior figure, for the campaign to stay in the EU.

It feels it has not got going yet because we do not have a date for

the referendum. So John Major is saying very interesting things and

he raised the prospect of the UK breaking up potentially if we were

to leave the EU. Scotland would hold another referendum and bowed to

leave the UK. He said we should not think that leaving the EU would be

the answer to immigrate numbers coming down. He also said it would

not necessarily be the case we would be allowed to trade freely with our

former EU partners. An acrimonious break-up between partners never

leads to great negotiations. An interesting intervention today by

Sir John Major. Much would you be prepared to pay for a ticket to see

your favourite superstar? Elton John is the latest to say to his fans not

to pay over the odds. Star Wars fans will descend

on Leicester Square in London for the premiere of the latest

instalment tonight. The Force Awakens had its world

premiere in Los Angeles two nights ago, but the plot has been

a closely guarded secret. Reviews were only allowed to be

published a couple of hours The film is the seventh

in the series and is set to open in cinemas

here in the UK from Thursday. Lets get a flavour of

what the fans will see. One fan in LA was lucky enough to

get to see the film and I spoke to her earlier. I think we were numb. I

felt like I was in shock. It did not seem like it was really happening

and people around me were telling me it was happening. We sat in the

Chinese theatre, so we were not with the celebrities, but we were with a

group of Star Wars fans. There was a stage presentation and it started,

we did not have trailers or anything. It was a roller-coaster

ride from the lights going out and then going on. Did it live up to

expectations? It did. It surprised me. I went in there expecting to be

connected with the cast I grew up with, like wanting to know what

happened to Harrison Ford, but within a few minutes all I cared

about was what happened to Ridley and John. I am so excited for them

because they did wonderfully. From the minute they came on stream, all

I cared about was them. You said it was so exciting, you almost find it

so difficult to relax. Did you relax? Towards the end I had no

sense of time. When it was over I was surprised because it seemed like

20 minutes. I turned to my friend and said, is this two hours? She

said, I think so. I am coming down and I am getting excited to see it

I am coming down and I am getting excited to see it again on Thursday.

Let's talk now to two people who are a part

Femi Taylor starred in the Return of the Jedi.

And Nick Joseph appeared in A New Hope.

I am not sure if the cameras can pick up your socks, but you are a

big fan. I am. Tell us what point you played in the originals. I was

the first dancer who escaped. I danced and then I got killed. And

that is you? Yes, that is me. At the time did you know what a phenomenon

and it would go on to become? I had an inkling, but we did not know how

much of a phenomenon and it was going to be until the special

editions came out. But I knew I was fortunate to get that part. And this

is a clue as to what your role was in the original? This is the metal I

carried in the movie. What was your part? I was a medal bearer and my

character's name was quite strange. Try saying it with a few beers. He

was a good friend of Hans Solo. They rescued him from the slave ship and

from then onwards he was a good friend for evermore.

Is it fair to say that quite small parts then has effectively defined

your life? Yes, it has. Everywhere I go, in the world, wherever, America,

wherever, people know who you are. That is me in the centre. You go off

to the conventions and meet the fans? Yes, we have just come back

from the biggest in the world, in Manchester. It was fantastic. We had

27,000 people turning up. People snapping up the replicas of your

medal. You have made it your lifestyle? Absolutely. I sold a

whole lot in one day. My wife said you idiot, we should have bought

more! It is big business. That was something that was actually quite

unusual in the first movie, that the director saw the potential of

merchandising? I don't think everybody in the movie really

understood how big this was going to be. If we did, I think we would have

asked for more money. Maybe taken some souvenirs! I did not make

anything! I was asked to go back 14 years later to reprieve is my part.

If I had taken the chain or shoes, I would have been stuck -- reprise. A

lot of people ask if I took anything and I say no, this is the reason

why. The original medal your replica is made of his worth what? 2.5 up to

?3 million. Who owns that? George Lucas. He has everything. All the

memorabilia is owned by George Lucas. He said he did not make much

from directing the movies, but from the merchandise. What he made out of

the movie, now, the movie is owned by Disney. What he makes now is on

the memorabilia. How did you feel, watching the new trailer? Do you get

goose bumps? Yes. It is so exciting. We cannot wait. It seems like it

will be true to the original three stories. I feel super excited it is

out now. When will you see it? This evening. Probably next week. I have

to go to Germany. How do you see it this evening? It starts at 12

o'clock. I am losing track. I thought it opened on Thursday. You

will be going to the first screening? As of midnight tonight.

Have you booked a ticket? No. Do you reckon you will get in? What I am

doing is going to the cinema first to sign autographs and I shall go in

afterwards. It would be rude not to let you in. Don't tell everybody.

Your career has taken a different turn and you are an interior

designer. Yet this is an important part of your life? It is. Again

because I went back to redo the part. It catapulted the character

into iconic status. I go to conventions and meet the fans, which

is fantastic. I travel, I get some me time. Because a dancer's life is

short I wanted to do something else and went back to interior design

school and trained will stop what is it about the original that makes

school and trained will stop what is people so passionate? Looking back

there is nostalgia and when you revisit something that was a beloved

part of your childhood, it does not quite live up to your memories of

it, how do you see it? When you do a movie, you never know how it will

turn out. It is just another job when you go into it. Like Star Wars,

it took off when it first came out. We started again. People saying, I

think we better do a convention and you get invited to conventions.

People who organise conventions, they go through a thing called

sci-fi convention signers, where all the actors from Star Wars and sci-fi

can be picked up by the organisers. the actors from Star Wars and sci-fi

The guy who runs it, Rick Stanley, is great. He has this sorted out. We

go wherever we are asked to go. You never tire of meeting fans? It is

great, absolutely great. Enjoy the movie tonight.

Sir Elton John has strongly criticised secondary ticket websites

for selling seats for his shows at vastly inflated prices.

He has joined the growing campaign against the practice -

which is backed by some of the world's biggest entertainers.

Tickets for Sir Elton's UK tour next year have been on sale at up to five

times the face value on some sites, despite not being sold out.

The singer has urged people not to pay.

I think it's disgraceful and I just wish they wouldn't do it.

I think it's extortionate and it's disgraceful.

The fact that they were willing to pay that is fantastic but I'd

rather they saved their money and not come.

Mark Savage can tell us more. He does not want people to buy the

tickets but sometimes it is the only way to get them. Not in this case

because the tour has not sold out. When tickets go on sale there are

professional resellers as they preferred to call themselves who

harvest tickets from faces like Ticketmaster and immediately push

them through to secondary sites. -- places. What is the best thing?

There are a couple of places you can go if the tour sells out and you

want to get in you can go to Scarlet Mist, where tickets are sold by fans

to other fans with not much of a mark-up where what I have seen this

morning is tickets for his show is sold for ?89 being advertised at

?500. And they are selling? This is what the secondary site says, that

the prices, ?500, ?1000, they do not actually sell. I have discovered if

you wait until 48 hours before, often the prices tumbled. If you are

prepared to wait, you can get into a show cheaper than the secondary

advertising. Like in the old days if you hung around outside the venue

you could get in cheap off a man in the street. One person said they

would pay over the odds to see their favourite performer, she and her

sister are Madonna fans. She says she is seeing her tonight in

Birmingham, not saying how much was paid for the ticket. Is anything

being done to stop ticket touts exploiting the system? There is a

government consultation that ended in November. Mumford and Sons have

pressured the government to extend the consultation deadlines and

people can write in until the end of the week to say they want a stop to

this. Many want a law saying only 10% can be added to the face value

if the ticket is resold. I did not see it happening but if there is

pressure I am sure they will reconsider it. Elton John, speaking

out like this, will it make a difference? Possibly, if you can get

a phone call to President Putin, maybe he can have influence with the

Department of culture! Many of you getting in touch about

the guidelines ensuring that care is tailored to the needs of dying

patients. One person said their mother-in-law was treated perfectly.

They requested no food and fluid intake. Additionally to sipping

water they did not want to extend her time waiting to die. They were

in consultation with the family. Barbara said if members of the

family were allowed to remain problems would be minimised or

removed. The patient's discomforts relieved and nurses left to get on

with less demand from the dying person. Jane says, I am a nurse and

we respect families and relatives and do our best to keep them

informed, we also hope to care for the dying patient with respect and

dignity. One bereaved daughter warned some hospitals are still not

getting it right. Actually, doctors are not having that communication

with the patients or families, and it is a case of shying clear of it.

They are saying things like they might not see Christmas. What does

that mean? Does it mean they will go blind? What are we talking about?

Actually communicating with the person as a person and explaining to

them in proper words what is going to happen to them. That is where we

were denied. The opportunity to be with my dad as a family. I know full

well my mum and brother would never have gone home if they knew he only

had hour before he died. Guidelines on something like this, will they

ever be helpful when it comes down to human judgments and decisions,

and different circumstances? There is always a danger people will

enforce guidelines effectively as rules. Absolutely. The useful thing

about the guidance is it has collected evidence and it has shown

clearly from what we know from the science as to what is the right way

to approach things. The headlines on that is for example that just giving

a person fluids for the sake of it is not necessarily a good thing, but

equally, if someone is thirsty, or if you are concerned about whether

they are not eating or drinking, you need to pay attention to that. And

so her father should never have been like that, someone should not be

refused a cup of tea if they want it? Absolutely not. When you think

your loved one is about to die, it must be hard. Most people who go

through that, they might not be medically trained, and to have that

discussion and make a decision where you could possibly be agreeing to go

down that path way, that is a lot of pressure on a family. Especially

someone you love so much, you are not ready to make that decision.

That is where communication is strong so they are informed before

making a decision. The key thing is the seniority of staff doing the

talking and teams around. It is not an individual decision. Actually

shadowing someone who is an end of life care facilitator, I found out

that the senior doctors life care facilitator, I found out

having that conversation with the family and it is the end of life

care facilitator having the conversation with the family. I have

to say going back to the guidelines, the fact that one recommendations is

research into whether or not that person is dying, why have a set of

guidelines if you do not know the person is dying? It makes a farce of

it and how long before these guidelines are ridiculed?

A lot of you getting in touch on this. One says my Nan responded

better to enter flight path waving chemicals injected into her. Another

says their relative to ten days to die. Palliative care is inhumane and

I feel guilty for not speaking up. And another, tick box culture should

go and the health service run as a public service and not a business.

Another, why are people obsessed with prolonging the agony? Simon

said his mum died a couple of months ago and spent the last couple of

weeks while suffering from cancer, I was bowled over by the quality of

care by doctors and nurses and finesse sensitive approach to end of

life care. Thank you to use of your comments. If you are seeing Star

Wars tonight, enjoy.