29/03/2017 Victoria Derbyshire


29/03/2017

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Hello, it's Wednesday, it's 9am, I'm Victoria Derbyshire,

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Our top story today - after 44 years of membership,

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Britain will today formally serve notice on Brussels that it's

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Here is what voters think. I'm happy that we're moving in the right

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direction. I want to see the Government hold their nerve and not

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buckle under pressure from the EU. It is a historic mistake and two

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years is not long enough in negotiations. I hope we get the best

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deal for Britain. Don't we all? In Downing Street the Prime Minister

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calls for an end to the disunity and division that scarred the Brexit

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referendum as Britain begins its departure from the European Union.

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Also on the programme today, ex-royal Marine Alexander Blackman

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has spoken of his "profound sense of his "profound sense

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of relief" after his sentence for shooting dead a wounded Taliban

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fighter in Afghanistan was reduced - he'll be out in weeks and we'll

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speak to his wife Claire Blackman Relief initially. I think it took a

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little while for the news to sink in, but absolutely delighted. The

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result we were hoping for. And the dangers of co-sleeping

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with your new baby. When I woke up, I'd discovered that

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she wasn't breathing. I remember like lifting her up and then just

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running through to Andy and screaming that she was gone.

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Health professionals tell us they fear parents are lying

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about sleeping with their children for fear of being judged.

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We'll bring you the full story before 10am.

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Hello and welcome to the programme, we're live until 11am.

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Throughout the morning really keen to hear your views as Article 50

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is triggered and a little later in the programme we'll introduce

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you to an incredible man - this is 53-year-old Bill Kochevar -

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he's paralysed - but he's been able to feed himself

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by using his thoughts to send messages from implants

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Well bring you his full story before 11am.

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Do get in touch on everything we're talking about this morning -

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use the hashtag Victoria LIVE and If you text, you will be charged

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Our top story today - Theresa May has signed the letter

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that will formally begin the UK's departure from the European Union.

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The letter will be delivered by hand to the President

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of the European Council, Donald Tusk, at 12.30

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At the same time, the Prime Minister will make a statement to the Commons

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in which she'll urge the country to come together as it embarks

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More than four decades ago the UK first signed up

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Today, those years of membership will start to come to an end.

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David Cameron's promise back in 2013 was key in getting to this point.

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He said Britain would get to choose whether to stay in or leave

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the European Union, hoping to end years of debate

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It is time for the British people to have their say.

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It is time for us to settle this question about Britain and Europe.

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So last year, politicians of all persuasions took

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to Britain's streets, making the case for Leave

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and Remain and then in June, the country decided.

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The British people have spoken and the answer is we're out.

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I think the country requires fresh leadership to take

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The new Prime Minister pledged from the start to honour

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Brexit means Brexit and we're going to make a success of it.

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And that process will begin in earnest today with a letter sent

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from here to Brussels formally saying the UK wants to leave the EU.

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Then some two years of negotiations will follow for a whole host

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Everything from the rights of EU citizens living here and elsewhere

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to Britain's financial commitments to the EU and its future trading

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relationship and there are decades of EU legislation and regulations

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The process of leaving is unprecedented.

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It will be complex and at times, uncertain.

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There will be challenges and opportunities and with

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the Prime Minister's signature on this letter, it all begins today.

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In a moment we'll speak to our Correspondent, Dan Johnson

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who's at the European Council buildings in Brussels -

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but first let's head to Downing Street and our political

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There is a Cabinet meeting going on. Presumably that's when Theresa May

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is telling her colleagues what's in the letter? This letter has been a

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closely guarded secret which Mrs May and only her closest circle have

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been involved in. So for many Cabinet Ministers this is the first

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time to see what Mrs May has written. A lot of the letter, I

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think, we can guess. It's going to be a beefing up of what Mrs May has

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already said about taking back control of immigration, not being

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part of the single market, those sort of things will be familiar. The

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really interesting part of the letter will be what it doesn't say.

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Are those areas where there is May is vague or ambiguous because those

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are the area where she has got flex and room to give, those are the

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areas where she is prepared to do a deal. The sort of things we will be

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looking at today is whether there is any talk about money or financial

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contributions or will Mrs May be prepared to make some bill, pay a

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bill for the Budget. People are going in and out. That was Boris

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Johnson just leaving there. Will she be prepared to make financial

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contributions to ensure key sectors of the British economy can still

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trade with the single market? What will she actually say about

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immigration? Will EU nationals continue to be able to come here for

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the next couple of years? Might they be given priority in any new

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immigration rules? Will the European Court of Justice still have some

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sort of role perhaps as a trade body and I suppose lastly, will there be

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any room for a transitional time? In other words we won't have to leave

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in two years, it could be a slightly slower process. So we will be

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examining that letter in minute detail to get some clues as to the

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sort of areas where Mrs May might be prepared to strike a deal and a

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compromise. Thank you, for the moment, Norman, more from Norman

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throughout the morning here on the programme.

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Let's go to Brussels. It has to bear a wet signature. So the stroke of

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Mrs May's pen. Dan Johnson, wubz the letter is received. What is after

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that? -- once the letter is received, what happens after that?

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We will get reaction from politicians in Brussels, EU

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politicians about what is in the letter and what they think about it,

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but we won't get detail until a few weeks down the line when the other

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European nations have had a chance to consume what's in the letter to

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think about what their in thing position is going to be and then to

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come up with a set of guidelines that they want to be implemented as

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this negotiation goes forward. Hopefully, that signature has dried

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on that letter, the UK's ambassador to the EU has come into the council

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building with a bag, we don't know if the letter is in that, but we

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suspect it is. He has got a couple of meetings to attend and then he

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has got a small window when he will physically hand over the letter to

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Donald Tusk, the Connell president and that's the moment when the clock

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starts tick that the two years of negotiation begin, unless everyone

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can agree on an extension. Lots of politician in Brussels think that

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two years isn't long enough to get the detail worked out and to reach a

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deal so it's possible they will seek an extension, but everyone would

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have to agree on that. If they can't agree then in two years time the UK

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would drop ut of the EU, suddenly the so-called hard Brexit, that's

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what everyone is trying to avoid. They say they want to negotiate a

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deal, and they want a smooth divorce, but there is so much

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complex detail to be worked out. It will be tough and it will take a

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long time and there is a lot of talking to go on and most of it will

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go on behind closed doors after the symbolism and the images that will

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go on around the world, we won't hear a lot of what is going on in

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the negotiations. In two years time, we will have a deal on the table.

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Supposedly for politicians to approve or not. And than that will

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be it, Britain will be out of the EU. So although practically, nothing

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actually changes today, no one will notice any difference, there is a

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huge change on the way in two years time and it all starts here today.

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Cheers, Dan. We will talk to voters in the next half an hour.

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Let us know your views. How are you feeling today? Once the letter is

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received from Theresa May in Brussels at 12.30. Let us know. Get

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in touch in the usual ways. Community leaders and children plan

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to link hands across Westminster Bridge this afternoon

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as a memorial to those killed and injured in

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the attack there a week ago. Khalid Masood ran over

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and killed three pedestrians, before stabbing a policeman to death

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outside the Houses of Parliament. Inquests into his victims' deaths

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will also begin today. The former boss of the language

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school in Luton where Khalid Masood taught for two years,

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has told the BBC that he doesn't believe the attack was motivated

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by religious extremism. The man, who wishes

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to remain anonymous, has not seen Masood since 2012,

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but says he wouldn't have believed him to be

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capable of such violence. An American man, who was paralysed

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from the shoulders down, has been able to feed himself

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and hold onto a cup of coffee, after surgeons placed implants

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in his brain and arm. Bill Kochevar was unable

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to use any of his limbs, after he hit a lorry

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while riding his bike. Doctors say it is the first time

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that implants controlled by the brain have been used to help someone

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reach and grab objects once again. Health professionals have told this

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programme they think parents are lying to them about sleeping

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with their babies for fear In the UK, just under 300 babies die

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suddenly and unexpectedly in their sleep every year and NHS

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guidelines say there is an "association" between those

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sudden deaths and co-sleeping. The language being used by the

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Health Service is simply gobbledygook. It means the public

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don't understand what is going on. Conservationists say they've found

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a new breeding population of a critically endangered

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species of tiger. Hidden cameras filmed a small

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population of the Indochinese tiger. A mother and at least six cubs

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were found in the jungle That's a summary of the latest BBC

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News - more at 9.30am. You are telling us your views today

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as Article 50 is triggered. Get in touch using Twitter.

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Let's get some sport now with John - and the video referee played a key

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part in the match between France and Spain last night.

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Following another successful trial in the match between France and

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Spain. The outcome could have been different were it not for the use of

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the technology employed by the on-field referee. France thought

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they had taken the lead when they scored and that goal was given by

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the on-field referee, but as you can see it was overturned following some

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assistance by the video referee who sat in a truck outside the ground.

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The second one was that one, as well, that goal was given for off

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side, but was then overturned using that technology which meant Spain

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came away with a 2-0 win. It would have been very different had the

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technology been used. It goes to show that it is likely it will be

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used going forward quite considerably.

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Do you think we will see it in the British game? There is talk of that,

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yes. The FA said they would be really interested in using the

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technology, a trial of their own, from the third round of the FA Cup

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onwards next year and as well, the Fifa president, desperate as well to

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implement this at the next Cup. You might remember, of course, there was

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that big incident, wasn't there? We all remember it, the goal from Frank

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Lampard at the 2010 World Cup, that led to the introduction of goal-line

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technology. They want to go a step further and we could see the use of

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this technology and an ouf field referee being able to overturn the

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decisions on the field of play, and not just goals, but red card

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incidents. We could see it at the World Cup as well.

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Cheers, John. A viewer, "Brexit Day. Wonderful.

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Independence once again. Europe needs us more than we need them. A

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day of history, today marks the day when the UK serves its divorce maips

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on the rest of the EU." The Prime Minister has already signed the

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letter. A day of history, of freedom,

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of stepping into the unknown - call it what you want -

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today marks the day when the UK serves its divorce papers

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on the rest of the EU. The Prime Minister has already

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signed the letter that will trigger Article 50 and our two year

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countdown to exiting the EU - and it'll be delivered to the EU

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in just over three hours' time. We'll reflect a range

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of your views throughout But first, are we heading

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towards a conscious uncoupling Brexit, Britain's divorce from

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the European Union. As seismic for the country

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as this marriage split, as closely watched as theirs,

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will it be as smooth Or will it be a bitter

:15:10.:15:13.

break-up instead? There is a lot to sort

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out, like money. The EU is likely to slap an exit

:15:22.:15:25.

bill on the table for money the UK has already promised to pay to EU

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coffers, and Brussels' opening bid More specifically, EU citizens

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living in the UK and UK Are they going to be able

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to stay where they are Both sides say they want this

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side of the divorce deal OK, so we are splitting up,

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but what sort of future relationship How will the UK and

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the EU do business? A full trade agreement

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between the two is going to take years to figure out,

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but if there is a divorce deal that might help

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smooth over the split. This is also a divorce

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with a deadline. There are just two years to hammer

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this out, and the clock It's 279 days since the UK

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voted to leave the EU - at the time there were lots

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of promises about what lay Let's speak to our political guru

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Norman Smith who is in Downing Street for us -

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where Theresa May has been It has just finished. Fill us in.

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Thank you very much. It is blast of day, the big day when we begin our

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departure, but what sort of deal might we get? What is it that Brexit

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Britain might look like? Well, to get an idea, we have to go back and

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look at some of the promises that were made to voters in the run-up to

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the referendum about how Britain might be different and the sort of

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opportunities and benefits we might gain from leaving the EU. Here is a

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brief reminder. There it is, five things we could do

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on day one. We can reform our immigration system so it is fair and

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balanced, and keeps the numbers down to a sustainable level. Threw if we

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want to cut VAT to help families who their homes, we should be free to do

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so. We want our country back. If we leave the European Union, can we

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give the NHS millions more each week? Yes we can. Can we create more

:17:53.:18:00.

trade deals? Yes we can. Can we have a new fair points-based immigration

:18:01.:18:04.

system? Can we deport dangerous foreign criminals, can we deport the

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very poorest in our society by making

:18:09.:18:12.

-- give them a tax cut that will transform their lives for the

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better? Yes we can. # Promises, promises, promises, that

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is all I get from you. Let's go through those pledges in a bit more

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detail to nail them down. Legend one was money, the famous pledge to get

:18:33.:18:36.

?350 million every week to put into health service. Pledge number two

:18:37.:18:41.

was the economy, that we would be able to strike our own trade deals

:18:42.:18:44.

with countries beyond the EU to create new job opportunities. Pledge

:18:45.:18:51.

number three, Borders, to take back control of immigration. So it is the

:18:52.:18:56.

British government to decide soon comes in and we end EU freedom of

:18:57.:19:04.

movement. Pledge number four, security, we would be able to kick

:19:05.:19:08.

out violent foreign criminals because they could no longer use EU

:19:09.:19:14.

rules to stay here. Lastly, taxes. We would be able to cut VAT on

:19:15.:19:21.

domestic fuel which at the moment EU stops is doing. But how easy will

:19:22.:19:25.

that be to deliver? I suppose one of the big difficulties facing purposes

:19:26.:19:33.

may, we know that European leaders are cobbling together a Brexit bill

:19:34.:19:37.

for our departures, some suggesting it could even come to ?50 billion to

:19:38.:19:44.

leave the EU. Listen to the president of the European

:19:45.:19:47.

Commission, shall claw Junker, when pressed about that recently. --

:19:48.:19:55.

Jean-Claude Juncker. There will be no sanctions, no punishment, nothing

:19:56.:20:03.

of that kind. Britain has to now and I suppose the government does know

:20:04.:20:06.

it, they have two on the former commitments. To the June ?50

:20:07.:20:13.

billion? It is around that, but that is not the main story. We have to

:20:14.:20:21.

calculate scientifically what the British commitments were and then

:20:22.:20:22.

the bill has to be paid. The immigration publication would

:20:23.:20:44.

mean that there would be fewer immigrants coming in but ministers

:20:45.:20:48.

are much more cautious about that because they are worried about what

:20:49.:20:53.

in fact it may have on the National Health Service. Listen to David

:20:54.:20:59.

Davis suggesting that far from going down, immigration might at times go

:21:00.:21:04.

up. Have a listen. I think most people are in favour of migration,

:21:05.:21:07.

so long as it is managed and the point is it will need to be managed.

:21:08.:21:11.

My job is to bring the job back and it is for the Home Secretary to

:21:12.:21:15.

decide on what the policy will be but I can imagine it will not be in

:21:16.:21:19.

anything other than the national interest. For time to time, we will

:21:20.:21:28.

need more, and from time to time we will need less migrants. That is in

:21:29.:21:32.

everybody's interests, for the migrants and for the United Kingdom.

:21:33.:21:37.

Timing could be a problem for Mrs May. We know that she wants us out

:21:38.:21:42.

in two years' time, so by the spring of 2019 we should be out, but a lot

:21:43.:21:46.

of people are worried is it going to be possible to do all this in two

:21:47.:21:50.

years because the EU are not going to sit down and negotiate with us

:21:51.:21:54.

seriously until probably after the summer, the French and German

:21:55.:21:58.

elections, which means it could only be about 12 months to nail down a

:21:59.:22:03.

massive, massive deal. Some people are suggesting actually come you

:22:04.:22:08.

know what, we might happen to have a transitional time to give us a bit

:22:09.:22:15.

more space to engineer our departure from the European Union. Have a

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listen to Foreign Office diplomat Simon Fraser. It is certain we will

:22:20.:22:24.

not have resolved everything in the period before the expiry of the

:22:25.:22:29.

Article 50 process. As we know, the EU side want to start with

:22:30.:22:33.

negotiating the terms of the separation, and the British side on

:22:34.:22:36.

top of that wants to move rapidly to discuss the future relationship,

:22:37.:22:41.

both political and economic, between Britain and the EU. And that is a

:22:42.:22:48.

very complex second set of negotiations. There is no way in my

:22:49.:22:51.

view that we will complete all of that in years. The truth is we know

:22:52.:22:58.

what we were promised in the referendum that we now into an

:22:59.:23:01.

entirely different ball game, it we are into deal-making and negotiation

:23:02.:23:09.

and compromise, a sort of tough series of talks with EU leaders who

:23:10.:23:15.

have a very different set of pirate is, which inevitably means we will

:23:16.:23:18.

not get what we want probably. Significantly this morning we heard

:23:19.:23:23.

from the Chancellor Philip Hammond, who in a direct contradiction of the

:23:24.:23:26.

Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson said this morning, you cannot have your

:23:27.:23:32.

cake and eat it. In other words, we will get some things but we won't

:23:33.:23:37.

get other things. This is what Stuart says. Brexit will be

:23:38.:23:44.

fantastic. Carl in Surbiton says I'm feeling utter despair, sadness and

:23:45.:23:47.

disbelief that the UK is actually going down this road. Those who

:23:48.:23:51.

voted to leave will rue the day that they stupidly decided to vote for

:23:52.:23:55.

it. Those of us who can clearly see the benefits of staying in our being

:23:56.:24:00.

dragged into a messy, divisive, reclusive and selfish process.

:24:01.:24:05.

Stuart in Bedford says I am fed up with the gutless moaners spreading

:24:06.:24:09.

doom and gloom, they need some backbone and British spirit.

:24:10.:24:15.

Let's speak to former cabinet minister, and Conservative

:24:16.:24:17.

MP Iain Duncan Smith, who was a prominent Leave campaigner.

:24:18.:24:19.

I have slightly moved on because we have been knowing that this day has

:24:20.:24:25.

been coming and in a sense it is a formality because the rest is about

:24:26.:24:29.

how that relationship between the EU and the UK settles in the next two

:24:30.:24:32.

years and what are the arrangements we have to make. I must say I did

:24:33.:24:36.

find that Norman's statements today were really quite depressingly

:24:37.:24:44.

negative. The reality is, we always look at it from the UK side, this is

:24:45.:24:48.

what they want, their troubles and problems. The truth is the European

:24:49.:24:52.

Union also has to arrive at a position weather don't want to

:24:53.:24:55.

damage themselves in the course of this. What we are getting, the

:24:56.:24:59.

finance Minister of Germany the other day said let's be absolutely

:25:00.:25:04.

clear, this has to be a proper arrangement, we don't want a

:25:05.:25:09.

stand-off with the UK, we absolutely need to continue levels of trade,

:25:10.:25:14.

and he said importantly that the City of London, the financial

:25:15.:25:18.

services are vital for the European Union for cheap capital. We want to

:25:19.:25:24.

give them like that. So there might be some special arrangements for the

:25:25.:25:28.

City of London for example. A general sense building among the

:25:29.:25:32.

nations of Europe as opposed to some of those characters of the

:25:33.:25:36.

commission saying hang on a second, the UK is arguably the single most

:25:37.:25:39.

important trading partner for us we want to make sure that continues.

:25:40.:25:42.

Yes, they are leaving but it does not mean that we end up having some

:25:43.:25:47.

kind of war between us -- some kind of wall. Pascal Lambie in France

:25:48.:25:51.

said exactly the same in the IMF previously, he said at the end of

:25:52.:25:56.

two years we want zero tariffs and access on financial services and we

:25:57.:25:59.

can sort the rest out as we go along. Just explain why the EU would

:26:00.:26:03.

be likely to give us something pretty close to what we have now

:26:04.:26:08.

when they sort of have to to show EU membership mean something? I

:26:09.:26:14.

disagree. This is again be completely narrow view about what

:26:15.:26:19.

does the EU represent? We have chosen to leave, and the reality for

:26:20.:26:22.

most neighbours of the EU, it is a political project. Only in this

:26:23.:26:26.

country do we settle and spend our time talking about the marketplace.

:26:27.:26:31.

The marketplace was always a device to drive this coming together of

:26:32.:26:35.

nation states where the point where there is a supranational process.

:26:36.:26:39.

That is what they want, those people that believe in the EU. So for them,

:26:40.:26:46.

they already think that the UK is taking away into a direction because

:26:47.:26:52.

they are not going to be a part of the supranational is taking place.

:26:53.:26:56.

The rest about access to markets is a wholly different issue to settle.

:26:57.:26:59.

My point here is they don't believe by the way that other nations of

:27:00.:27:03.

Europe will want to abandon the European Union, because they believe

:27:04.:27:06.

in the project. We don't. That means it is a different discussion that

:27:07.:27:13.

takes place as a result. What is the goal? Immediately to settle the

:27:14.:27:23.

discussions and what they are about. The German finance minister has said

:27:24.:27:29.

Inbee .com you can't have a settlement, because the two are

:27:30.:27:32.

completely in the related and you will find that is exactly how the

:27:33.:27:35.

discussions will pan out. The goal at the end of it is that we leave

:27:36.:27:40.

the European Union, out of the customs union and the single market

:27:41.:27:46.

as members, but actually accessing and having a relationship with the

:27:47.:27:50.

EU and then with us in terms of free trade, and also in terms of the

:27:51.:27:58.

services industry. More importantly, this is already grasped by various

:27:59.:28:02.

national leaders, they need the UK involved in the exercises on

:28:03.:28:05.

defence, anti-terrorism and intelligence, so we have to remain

:28:06.:28:08.

good friends, cooperating and trading, but just not as direct

:28:09.:28:13.

members of the EU, thus a slightly different path lies ahead of us than

:28:14.:28:17.

it does for the European Union. Should Theresa May go ahead and

:28:18.:28:21.

agree quickly the Brexit Bill, whatever it may be, 50 billion

:28:22.:28:25.

euros, 60 billion euros, in a show of good faith? Actually I think that

:28:26.:28:31.

is a back of the envelope John -- job done by the Commissioner. It is

:28:32.:28:38.

not going to be like that. There is no legal device why we have to pay

:28:39.:28:42.

any money at all to the European Union, but at the end of it all

:28:43.:28:46.

there is another pursuit us. We have put a lot of money into the European

:28:47.:28:52.

Union, half ?1 trillion. Therefore we have invested in assets that are

:28:53.:28:56.

wholly-owned by us of the European Union, such as intellectual property

:28:57.:29:00.

rights, elements of things we have built, invested in. There is a

:29:01.:29:04.

corresponding question for us which is have you valued the assets that

:29:05.:29:08.

we own in the European Union? When you get down to this kind of

:29:09.:29:11.

discussion about money, you have two balance assets versus supposedly

:29:12.:29:15.

abilities before you come to a figure so this is not quite so clear

:29:16.:29:20.

cut as the commission might lead you to believe. Do you get cross when

:29:21.:29:25.

you hear the Chancellor Philip Hammond saying you cannot have your

:29:26.:29:29.

cake and eat it. I have never really understood that phrase. He is saying

:29:30.:29:36.

we are going to have to compromise. Of course, but that doesn't mean to

:29:37.:29:40.

say you can't do what you want. I have not heard the interview so I

:29:41.:29:43.

don't really know. My point about this is that you move away from this

:29:44.:29:47.

phraseology and ask ourselves what is this all about at the end of the

:29:48.:29:51.

day. It is about what the EU thinks is good for them and what the UK

:29:52.:29:55.

thinks is good for us come and the coming together of those to of the

:29:56.:30:00.

overlaps. The requirements from both sides are beginning to become very

:30:01.:30:05.

clear. We both I think at the end of it all want to have good easy access

:30:06.:30:09.

to the market, they do more trade with us, one million jobs in Bavaria

:30:10.:30:14.

alone rely on their car exports to the UK, so there is an overlap of

:30:15.:30:18.

genuine common interest, financial services, they are the ones that

:30:19.:30:21.

mostly come to the city for their capital. They need cheap capital. It

:30:22.:30:25.

is important to them to continue to do that, so the these things begin

:30:26.:30:30.

to settle down, then we ask ourselves the question, as we leave

:30:31.:30:33.

the EU doesn't the EU want to make sure they have full support and

:30:34.:30:37.

access to our markets and also arrangements with us on a wider

:30:38.:30:41.

range of issues about defence, international relations, problems

:30:42.:30:44.

over Russia? So I think those things begin to become the main principles

:30:45.:30:48.

that lie behind what is at the end of the day a good agreement. The

:30:49.:30:53.

good agreement to finish is a one where both sides say we have got

:30:54.:30:56.

something out of it and that is what we will do now. David says it is sad

:30:57.:31:10.

and apprehensive. Consumer confidence kept the economy going so

:31:11.:31:14.

far, but it is no guarantee this will continue. I predict we will be

:31:15.:31:19.

worse off. Debbie in Luton says, "We are pleased that today has arrived

:31:20.:31:23.

without being successfully scuppered by those who don't want to leave the

:31:24.:31:28.

EU. Well done Theresa May. Hello world." Says Debbie in Luton. What

:31:29.:31:33.

do we think of that? By trying to pose that this is making us look

:31:34.:31:37.

more global, you're not fooling anybody. It is this protectionist

:31:38.:31:48.

mentality makes us look more insular. It has been very much more

:31:49.:31:54.

a focus on immigration and I think that is something hasn't

:31:55.:31:58.

disappeared. I think you can be patriotic withouting in

:31:59.:32:03.

nationalistic in view. I disagree there. I'd like to see Britain being

:32:04.:32:07.

more international. We're not pulling up any draw bridges. I mean

:32:08.:32:12.

for a start we should renew our relationship with the old

:32:13.:32:16.

Commonwealth countries. We should look to major markets. I see the

:32:17.:32:20.

Britain I want as being an International UK sort of thing. I

:32:21.:32:25.

just think overall I just feel anxious about it. There is no... Is

:32:26.:32:31.

there That your overriding emotion today, anxiety? There is no real

:32:32.:32:35.

plan. A bunch of kids, "I really want to do it. I really want to do

:32:36.:32:42.

it." And suddenly mum says, "You can do it." And they're like, "I don't

:32:43.:32:51.

know what to do." You voted leave? I think there is a lot for them to get

:32:52.:32:55.

through and we will watch it closely and see how they go about it, but

:32:56.:33:02.

I'm hopeful and excited. I'm really concerned for politicians to think

:33:03.:33:05.

about what will be best for as many people as possible. Not just about

:33:06.:33:10.

what is best for us in Britain where they get votes, but if we can form

:33:11.:33:14.

trade deals where people in the poorest parts of the world will get

:33:15.:33:18.

more for their produce for example rather than just keeping all the

:33:19.:33:21.

wealth in Europe as we have been doing for a long time. I would like

:33:22.:33:24.

to see some of these billions of pounds that are going on admin going

:33:25.:33:27.

to the people in the world who are really, really suffering right now

:33:28.:33:31.

because we've pretty well off in the UK in general. Britain can try and

:33:32.:33:37.

make trade deals with whichever country it wants to, it is just that

:33:38.:33:40.

it will take a bit of time. We have got this trade deal with the EU at

:33:41.:33:43.

the moment because we're part of it, we will withdraw from that and we

:33:44.:33:47.

will start to negotiate that trade deal and about 50 or 60 others. I

:33:48.:33:54.

would like to see tariffs, money going to people producing the things

:33:55.:33:58.

rather than EU bureaucrats. I take huge issue with the premise of the

:33:59.:34:01.

contribution that we received online. For me, the European Union

:34:02.:34:05.

is not necessarily us trying to work with other nations, but as Iain

:34:06.:34:08.

Duncan Smith might have suggested broadening our conception of what we

:34:09.:34:13.

see as home. We have four fundamentals freedoms as an EU

:34:14.:34:15.

member state, goods, services, workers and capital and when you do

:34:16.:34:19.

that, you're almost creating a new country across which you don't have

:34:20.:34:25.

any of these tariff barriers and regulations. So what are you worried

:34:26.:34:35.

about most of all? I was a remain voter because the EU is a creates a

:34:36.:34:46.

state as Iain Duncan Smith might have suggested. So that's why this

:34:47.:34:51.

is worrying for me. Can I just in? Yes, of course you can. I don't

:34:52.:34:55.

think anybody has taken into contribution that Europe is a

:34:56.:35:00.

shrinking Continent. It is the only shrinking Continent in the world so

:35:01.:35:10.

in terms of trade partners Europe is smaller than Asia and, America,

:35:11.:35:17.

China. So in terms of getting better trade deals I think we're doing the

:35:18.:35:22.

right thing by leaving. Over here, what do you think? How how feeling

:35:23.:35:27.

today? Excited, but anxious at the same time. My hope is the Government

:35:28.:35:33.

will negotiate a good deal for Britain that will give jobs and

:35:34.:35:38.

services in this country and keep more of the money we were giving to

:35:39.:35:44.

the EU into Britain. Invest in things we need, the NHS is a big

:35:45.:35:48.

thing. We always talk about it and also education, the Police Service,

:35:49.:35:51.

all the functions of Government will be better. So you're excited and

:35:52.:35:56.

anxious. What about the gentleman next to you? I'm excitedment you

:35:57.:36:02.

think it will be good for Britain. All the doom and gloom is around

:36:03.:36:08.

what the bureaucrats in Brussels are saying because they want to keep

:36:09.:36:13.

their project together. Countries have said regardless of what the EU

:36:14.:36:16.

says they are going to push for what's right for their citizens as

:36:17.:36:21.

well. Economic self interest will override the poll Tesco's of it all,

:36:22.:36:25.

and the EU will come up with a deal that works for BT of us and in the

:36:26.:36:31.

enwe can start looking towards these emerging economies across the world.

:36:32.:36:36.

I take issue it is a noble project because there is a large section, I

:36:37.:36:40.

think a lot of people who voted Brexit, I think it is like a cry for

:36:41.:36:44.

help in a sense because there is a lot of people who feel that they

:36:45.:36:47.

have been left behind and they haven't got a voice in modern

:36:48.:36:52.

politics. What about change? How will those people suddenly get a

:36:53.:36:55.

voice? I just hope they will be included. Why the British Prime

:36:56.:37:00.

Minister? By the politicians... At the moment, you know, you look at

:37:01.:37:03.

the likes of Nick Clegg and all that, there is like a denial there

:37:04.:37:07.

that some people have been left behind by Europe and I think that's

:37:08.:37:11.

why Brexit won and I think politicians have got it start

:37:12.:37:15.

speaking up for the people who actually vote for them rather than

:37:16.:37:22.

their own agenda. I think it is misguided to think all of these

:37:23.:37:24.

problems will be solved by us leaving the EU. People that are

:37:25.:37:27.

feeling behind is not a direct result of our membership of the EU.

:37:28.:37:34.

I think giving Parliament more powers, that does not necessarily

:37:35.:37:37.

mean that the people who are disenfranchised are going to get

:37:38.:37:41.

more of a voice. Shall we read some more messages from the people around

:37:42.:37:46.

the country. Kelly says, "Today, I feel ashamed to be British. I will

:37:47.:37:50.

never unite behind Brexit." It will be the theme of Theresa May's

:37:51.:37:55.

address to the Commons. This person says, "I have decided to leave the

:37:56.:37:59.

UK and emigrate as a proud European and British citizen. This is a sad

:38:00.:38:04.

day." John says, "Why should anyone be worried? This country has ruled

:38:05.:38:10.

itself in the past. Get a backbone, everyone." Thank you very much

:38:11.:38:13.

everyone. Thank you for coming on the programme. Thank you.

:38:14.:38:25.

Co-sleeping with your baby, but there are fears that the danger of

:38:26.:38:29.

doing so aren't getting through. Many parents feel the only way

:38:30.:38:36.

to get their baby to sleep is by lying in the same bed as them

:38:37.:38:39.

- but there are fears that warnings about the danger of doing

:38:40.:38:43.

so aren't getting through. In the UK, just under 300 babies die

:38:44.:38:45.

suddenly and unexpectedly in their sleep every year -

:38:46.:38:48.

NHS guidelines say there is an "association" between those

:38:49.:38:50.

sudden deaths and co-sleeping. Now health professionals have told

:38:51.:38:52.

this programme they think parents are lying to them about doing it

:38:53.:38:55.

for fear of being Our reporter Amber Haque has been

:38:56.:38:57.

speaking to people who co-sleep, and meets one mother whose baby

:38:58.:39:01.

daughter died as they slept together - you may find some

:39:02.:39:03.

of the details upsetting. About 90% of people that

:39:04.:39:06.

I mention we co-sleep to look Most parents will do it at some

:39:07.:39:08.

point, not thinking that For some mums, sleeping

:39:09.:39:12.

with their baby can feel like the most-natural

:39:13.:39:16.

thing in the world. But are warnings about the dangers

:39:17.:39:19.

of doing so getting through? When I woke up, I had

:39:20.:39:26.

obviously discovered Do parents feel they can't tell

:39:27.:39:28.

the truth to professionals So in the end, I just ended up lying

:39:29.:39:36.

to the health visitors because they were putting

:39:37.:39:44.

so much stress. She told me that they would not

:39:45.:39:46.

give me any information because they don't want

:39:47.:39:48.

you doing it. So you don't tell anyone.

:39:49.:39:51.

You keep it to yourself. She's been part of you for

:39:52.:40:09.

the past nine months. So to have her close is just

:40:10.:40:17.

the most-natural thing in the world. Dawn Barclay and her partner Andy

:40:18.:40:25.

had their second child Fern in 2014. I just loved her before

:40:26.:40:29.

she was even born. A tiny baby, Fern would only sleep

:40:30.:40:33.

by her mum's side for the first I just gave Fern me,

:40:34.:40:37.

and what she wanted was to lie cuddled in with me, and it's

:40:38.:40:47.

just what I did for her. I tried every night to try to put

:40:48.:40:50.

her to sleep in her Moses basket. So to let her have sleep and be

:40:51.:40:53.

settled and feel safe and secure, In the bed, yes, I did it

:40:54.:41:01.

the safest way possible. Can you take me back

:41:02.:41:10.

to the night when it happened? Fern had slept quite well

:41:11.:41:14.

that night in her Moses We both had fallen back asleep,

:41:15.:41:20.

but we were lying on the couch. When I woke up, I had obviously

:41:21.:41:42.

discovered that she was I remember lifting her up and just

:41:43.:41:46.

running through to Andy Andy was amazing.

:41:47.:41:58.

He started doing CPR. I thought he had managed

:41:59.:42:10.

to bring her back. He managed to get the colour

:42:11.:42:20.

to come back in her cheeks. So her daddy gave

:42:21.:42:28.

her her last breath. And I just remember falling

:42:29.:42:36.

to the ground and just screaming. I didn't understand

:42:37.:42:45.

what else was going on, apart from I thought

:42:46.:42:47.

I had killed my baby. Fern was eight weeks

:42:48.:42:51.

old when she died. The cause of death

:42:52.:42:53.

was recorded as sudden unexpected death in infancy

:42:54.:42:56.

associated with co-sleeping. Like an underlying

:42:57.:43:02.

condition with her brain. For them to put down

:43:03.:43:13.

on her death certificate that it was to do with

:43:14.:43:15.

co-sleeping is really unfair. It's having it down

:43:16.:43:17.

in black and white about the co-sleeping,

:43:18.:43:27.

and then all of the guilt came back. There have been all these

:43:28.:43:29.

studies done about the I was quite naive.

:43:30.:43:32.

You think it will not happen to you. Thinking about it now,

:43:33.:43:52.

my entire chest aches The NHS estimates that just

:43:53.:43:54.

under 300 babies die unexpectedly in their sleep every

:43:55.:44:03.

year as a result of Sudden Infant Half of those are thought to be

:44:04.:44:06.

related to co-sleeping. It's difficult to say

:44:07.:44:14.

what exactly causes it, but NICE guidelines say there

:44:15.:44:20.

is an association between sleeping together and sudden death

:44:21.:44:23.

in babies under one. Health visitors are told to lay out

:44:24.:44:25.

the risks of co-sleeping to parents and stress that it is

:44:26.:44:30.

particularly dangerous in some So what are some of

:44:31.:44:32.

the dos and don'ts? The NHS advice says to place

:44:33.:44:39.

your baby on their back A baby sleeping on their front

:44:40.:44:41.

is up to six times more The safest place for your baby

:44:42.:44:46.

is in a crib or Moses basket in the same room

:44:47.:44:53.

as you for the first six months. Don't sleep with your

:44:54.:45:03.

baby on a sofa or in an armchair, it can increase the chance

:45:04.:45:06.

of Sids by up to 50 times. You should not sleep

:45:07.:45:09.

in the same bed as your baby if you smoke

:45:10.:45:11.

or if you have drunk Do not sleep in the

:45:12.:45:13.

same bed if you are really tired or if your baby

:45:14.:45:18.

was born prematurely. And finally, remove all

:45:19.:45:20.

pillows and thick duvets. In the UK, it's

:45:21.:45:24.

estimated that half of all mothers have slept with their

:45:25.:45:33.

babies by the time they are About 90% of people I mention

:45:34.:45:36.

co-sleeping to look horrified. It is a strange thing, it is

:45:37.:45:51.

completely natural for us to want our babies next to us and for them

:45:52.:45:54.

to want to be near their mothers. How much does it worry you that

:45:55.:46:04.

something could happen? Any first-time parent is worried

:46:05.:46:07.

something will happen to the baby, If anything would happen,

:46:08.:46:09.

you could not live with yourself, It goes back to making

:46:10.:46:14.

sure you do it safely. Everybody says to persist

:46:15.:46:20.

putting her down, leave her crying. But it gets to the point where

:46:21.:46:30.

I say, I'll leave her half an hour, and listen to her crying,

:46:31.:46:34.

and after 15 minutes it is horrible, she starts choking herself

:46:35.:46:36.

and coughing, she is clearly not happy, so I would rather my baby be

:46:37.:46:39.

happy in my arms whilst I am awake and happy with me in bed whilst

:46:40.:46:43.

we are sleeping than Health visitors need to be impartial

:46:44.:46:45.

from their own opinions. I spoke to my friend

:46:46.:46:50.

about co-sleeping, and I had no information from my health visitor

:46:51.:46:57.

or midwife, she said they would not give information

:46:58.:46:59.

because they do not want If parents are going to co-sleep,

:47:00.:47:01.

regardless of the warnings, That parents are not telling

:47:02.:47:07.

the truth to the health visitor. Elaine McInnis advised health

:47:08.:47:25.

watchdog NICE about their guidelines Three years on, she says

:47:26.:47:27.

there's a concern parents are not being truthful,

:47:28.:47:39.

and the guidelines on how to do it Can you put a number on how many

:47:40.:47:42.

parents you think are lying to their health visitor

:47:43.:47:46.

about co-sleeping? It is

:47:47.:47:51.

a difficult question to measure. But we put these questions out

:47:52.:48:04.

to the health visiting community, and we have a 6000 reach

:48:05.:48:07.

on that very question. Overwhelmingly, the responses we had

:48:08.:48:09.

from health visitors across the country was,

:48:10.:48:11.

yes, they were afraid that parents They would go as far as to say

:48:12.:48:14.

that they are scared that they would be told

:48:15.:48:18.

they are a bad mother and have their children

:48:19.:48:20.

taken away from them, Do you think that health visitors

:48:21.:48:22.

themselves can do more? Health visitors are doing the best

:48:23.:48:28.

that they can possibly do. But the issue is the numbers

:48:29.:48:32.

of health visitors that we have on the front line is reducing

:48:33.:48:34.

on a daily basis. No parent would want

:48:35.:48:45.

to lose a child. There are 200 plus babies a year

:48:46.:48:55.

that die unintentionally of SIDS, we have no idea why,

:48:56.:48:58.

and that should be no babies, no parents should go

:48:59.:49:00.

through the trauma. Is it the fear of that potential

:49:01.:49:07.

trauma that makes parents feel Sophie co-slept with both her

:49:08.:49:10.

daughters as babies. I really was upset by my

:49:11.:49:25.

decisions to co-sleep. But I was breast-feeding

:49:26.:49:28.

at the time, and I could not see It did not make sense,

:49:29.:49:31.

so in the end I ended up lying to the health visitors,

:49:32.:49:40.

because they were putting so much stress, and they can

:49:41.:49:46.

really undermine you, because you are in a very

:49:47.:49:48.

vulnerable situation. But nowadays they are just so scared

:49:49.:49:50.

about giving out the wrong advice. It is just creating this awful

:49:51.:49:53.

atmosphere between the health care professionals and the families,

:49:54.:50:03.

and it is not doing anyone any good. Five years on, Sophie

:50:04.:50:15.

still co-sleeps and breast-feeds her She and partner Chris sleep

:50:16.:50:17.

with the girls in two double We would never have imagined five

:50:18.:50:21.

years on we would be shoving two double beds together and sleeping

:50:22.:50:26.

all together as a family. We do not normally tell

:50:27.:50:30.

people that we co-sleep, because we have had so much judgment

:50:31.:50:46.

over the years, the judgment just gets greater,

:50:47.:50:49.

the older a child gets. We enjoy it the way it is,

:50:50.:50:54.

we feel it brings us I think you have to be more

:50:55.:50:58.

creative when it comes You would not want to be all

:50:59.:51:08.

intimate with the kids right there. It does, but you do not

:51:09.:51:20.

have the time, the two kids. We are married, so that goes out

:51:21.:51:25.

the window anyway, doesn't it! The cards that were given

:51:26.:51:36.

when she was born, and outfit she was meant to wear at Christmas,

:51:37.:51:38.

her first hat and toy. It has been over two years

:51:39.:51:46.

since Dawn lost her baby girl, Fern. To have that taken away,

:51:47.:51:49.

at such a young age, he did not understand

:51:50.:52:13.

where his baby had went. 13 months later, Dawn had

:52:14.:52:17.

another baby, called Faye. Faye knows that if she waves

:52:18.:52:19.

of the windows, she is saying hi There are loads of bits and pieces

:52:20.:52:25.

of her all over the house. We have had a patchwork quilt made

:52:26.:52:29.

with her old clothes. A hat I have got, a teddy made

:52:30.:52:35.

with one of her old outfits. Anyone can get a leaflet

:52:36.:52:40.

or guidelines about how your baby should sleep, but without putting

:52:41.:52:43.

a face to it, to make people realise that it does happen,

:52:44.:52:46.

it is still tearing She has made an impact

:52:47.:52:50.

on so many lives. But I wish people would

:52:51.:52:59.

learn from my mistakes We have heard lots of comments from

:53:00.:53:25.

you on this, as you would expect. Thank you. Cam is baffled about why

:53:26.:53:33.

it is so controversial. Their baby sleeps in the super king-size,

:53:34.:53:38.

sleeps in the middle, no pillows or sheets on him, we have a bedroom

:53:39.:53:43.

thermometer and a ceiling fan, and bed cards and a video monitor -- bed

:53:44.:53:51.

guards. If either me or my house and have had a drink with friends, that

:53:52.:53:54.

person will sleep on the sofa. We all sleep better. On Facebook, Nikki

:53:55.:54:00.

says I am a nurse on a neonatal intensive care unit and I have said

:54:01.:54:08.

perfect babies having intensive care treatment because of co-sleeping. It

:54:09.:54:12.

is not judgment, it is concern the baby's life. This one says babies

:54:13.:54:19.

need to be with their mums, we are sanitising motherhood. Bev says my

:54:20.:54:23.

heart goes out to the lady on your film. It is common sense if you just

:54:24.:54:27.

think a little, it is dangerous to fall asleep with your baby next to

:54:28.:54:30.

you or on top of your tummy. The best thing you can do is to start

:54:31.:54:35.

your baby out in their own crib was Moses Barker from the day they come

:54:36.:54:41.

home. -- basket. There is an abundance of information available

:54:42.:54:49.

to reduce the risk of SIDS, so please use common sense.

:54:50.:54:53.

And if you've been affected by any of the issues in that report,

:54:54.:54:57.

there are details of organisations who can help.

:54:58.:54:59.

Just go to our website: bbc.co.uk/actionline.

:55:00.:55:04.

There are 3.3 million EU citizens living in the UK.

:55:05.:55:12.

Over the next two years, as negotiations on Brexit take place,

:55:13.:55:14.

decisions will be made about whether they will be

:55:15.:55:17.

able to stay in the UK, whether they will have to apply

:55:18.:55:19.

for visas, like non-EU residents, or be kicked out altogether?

:55:20.:55:22.

Many are worried about what the future holds for them,

:55:23.:55:24.

especially when it comes to immigration, job security,

:55:25.:55:26.

social services and how welcome they'll be in a place

:55:27.:55:28.

Though the chancellor Philip Hammond has made it clear today

:55:29.:55:33.

that there will be no cut-off from today to the rights of EU

:55:34.:55:36.

Let me introduce you to various people.

:55:37.:55:45.

Fatime Al-Badri is a Dutch Student who has lived in the UK

:55:46.:55:50.

Olivia Vicol is Romanian and a PhD candidate at Oxford.

:55:51.:55:55.

Conor Sheridan is an Irish actor who has lived in the UK for 16 years

:55:56.:55:59.

And Tanja Bueltmann, a German Professor, who says she has

:56:00.:56:03.

been abused in the street since the referendum.

:56:04.:56:08.

All are EU residents and would have voted to remain had they had a vote

:56:09.:56:12.

in the referendum and all are worried about how they will get

:56:13.:56:15.

Because that is your aim Comey want to continue to stay here? I did have

:56:16.:56:23.

a vote, by the way. I voted to remain. Very important thing to do

:56:24.:56:32.

so. And you want to remain? Absolutely, there are so many issues

:56:33.:56:35.

we don't have time to talk about. Try us. It is not just about

:56:36.:56:41.

economics, it is about social situation, world wars, people forget

:56:42.:56:44.

that this has happened as a result of world wars in the 40s and was

:56:45.:56:49.

agreed in 1957. There is a whole lot of things and it is about being

:56:50.:56:53.

together, and the importance of that. Brexit has unleashed an awful

:56:54.:57:02.

lot of differences in people. Racism and fascism. I think it is very

:57:03.:57:06.

unhealthy. I think it is very sad, and I don't think our government are

:57:07.:57:10.

telling us the entire truth, and I don't think they are dealing with it

:57:11.:57:15.

particularly well. You are all effectively going to be bargaining

:57:16.:57:19.

chips in these negotiations. Theresa May is giving her cards close to her

:57:20.:57:24.

chest. You know, first of all, how do you feel about being part of the

:57:25.:57:29.

negotiations, the bargaining chips, if you like? It is very hard to feel

:57:30.:57:37.

passive, especially as an academic, somebody who researches migration,

:57:38.:57:39.

all of this conversation happens above our heads effectively and we

:57:40.:57:43.

can only sit back and listen to it and be alert and try to become

:57:44.:57:47.

secure on our own as much as possible, secure our savings,

:57:48.:57:50.

perhaps establish the more connections back home or elsewhere.

:57:51.:57:54.

But yes, it is very frustrating just to witness it from a passive

:57:55.:58:01.

position. I think Theresa May needs to provide some sort of reassurance

:58:02.:58:06.

will stop people are uncertain in general, let alone the EU citizens

:58:07.:58:09.

living here. We already know that the MPs refused to amend the motion

:58:10.:58:15.

to protect EU citizens and allow them the definite right to stay. I

:58:16.:58:24.

think that the Mayor of London has already gone to France and has

:58:25.:58:27.

requested that too is that reassurance to the citizens. And I

:58:28.:58:32.

think that in order to protect what we currently have here in the UK, I

:58:33.:58:37.

think that reassurance needs to be provided. Tanja Bueltmann, you are

:58:38.:58:45.

bargaining chips because Theresa May knows we have about a million EU

:58:46.:58:51.

citizens living in other European countries, so until their status is

:58:52.:58:56.

sorted, those cannot be sorted. That is the logic. I think it is

:58:57.:59:00.

extremely illogical. We came here in good faith, that is my view. I came

:59:01.:59:05.

to the UK to contribute to society here, that was the choice, I am sure

:59:06.:59:09.

everyone else would agree with that. So we contribute to live here every

:59:10.:59:14.

day. If the government can't do the decent thing and not actually make

:59:15.:59:17.

as part of the negotiations, I think that sends a really clear message to

:59:18.:59:25.

us. You have experienced racism in the street, I think, as a German in

:59:26.:59:33.

the UK. Tell us about that. I was speaking in German on the mobile

:59:34.:59:36.

phone to my mother, and I got shouted at two F off back to my

:59:37.:59:41.

country. I think this is a new thing. It did not happen before.

:59:42.:59:47.

Also connected to that, certainly we are all often cast as foreigners.

:59:48.:59:51.

They have never been called a foreigner before 2016. All of this

:59:52.:59:57.

was stirred up in the referendum, and now this limbo status makes it

:59:58.:59:59.

worse because it basically tells racists that our status is not clear

:00:00.:00:07.

so they are pushing that to push their xenophobic agenda. What is it

:00:08.:00:19.

like living in a limbo state? I personally feel like I have to be

:00:20.:00:25.

very alert. To what? Nobody knows what is going to happen, it looks

:00:26.:00:28.

like this government will prioritise migration over everything else,

:00:29.:00:32.

which means that the pound will probably continue to fall, as it has

:00:33.:00:37.

so far. My job as an academic, a wannabe academic at least, is not

:00:38.:00:41.

secure because much funding comes from the European Union, so I feel

:00:42.:00:45.

like I have to constantly engineer ways of becoming secure, thinking

:00:46.:00:46.

where I will work. What is it you? In what sense? You are still no

:00:47.:01:00.

clearer? Nobody is clear. There was a lot of lies in the referendum

:01:01.:01:04.

campaign. A lot of spin. I mean watching Question Time the other

:01:05.:01:09.

night, watching David Davis, David Davis says one thing, one minute and

:01:10.:01:14.

another, another. He acknowledged that immigration may go up, as well

:01:15.:01:19.

as go down? He doesn't know. He says one thing one minute and Boris, I

:01:20.:01:25.

mean, he was then inof the Leave. I think he is a disaster. He is a bit

:01:26.:01:31.

of an embarrassment. He doesn't answer questions and just laughs

:01:32.:01:35.

things off as if it doesn't matter. Your country, your Union is divided

:01:36.:01:39.

politically and socially. Scotland has a chance to leave. Northern

:01:40.:01:43.

Ireland, the DUP are only one seat ahead of Sinn Fein now in the

:01:44.:01:47.

Northern Ireland elections as we found out two weeks ago. I think we

:01:48.:01:52.

can see a united Ireland sooner than we may. The United Kingdom, and one

:01:53.:01:57.

thing to say nobody talked if France wants to leave the EU, France leaves

:01:58.:02:02.

the EU. If the UK wants to leave the EU, you're four countries, two of

:02:03.:02:05.

which wants to stay, two of which want to leave. Nobody has spoken

:02:06.:02:09.

about that and nobody had a contingency plan. We live in a

:02:10.:02:14.

country, in England, that's a culture of contingency. People did

:02:15.:02:19.

talk about that. We talked about it on this programme. What's the plan?

:02:20.:02:26.

I don't know what the plan is. I'm just a humble journalist.

:02:27.:02:32.

Regarding that feeling of disunity from Conor and others, Theresa May

:02:33.:02:35.

will talk about that in the Commons later when she address her fellow

:02:36.:02:41.

MPs after Prime Minister's Questions at 12.30pm which is the moment of

:02:42.:02:44.

Brexit because that's when the letter is handed over to Donald

:02:45.:02:48.

Tusk. News and sport are on the way.

:02:49.:02:49.

Before that, the weather. Good morning. It is grey skies for

:02:50.:03:06.

most today. North-east Scotland should stay dry. Sunshine here. We

:03:07.:03:13.

could hit around 17 or 18 Celsius. Temperatures will hold up through

:03:14.:03:17.

tonight. We've got south to south-westerly winds. Still bringing

:03:18.:03:21.

outbreaks of rind across Scotland and western England and Wales and

:03:22.:03:26.

later Northern Ireland. Coldest of all, Shetland at four Celsius, but

:03:27.:03:28.

temperatures will rise into tomorrow. After starting 10, 11, 12

:03:29.:03:34.

Celsius Celsius, southerly winds tomorrow and we have got sunshine

:03:35.:03:38.

across central and eastern areas. It means that things will warm up

:03:39.:03:43.

quickly. An isolated chance of a shower across the South East corner.

:03:44.:03:48.

Another cloudy day. Further rain especially West Wales and Lancashire

:03:49.:03:52.

and Cumbria. In the sunshine in the South East we could hit 22 Celsius.

:03:53.:03:54.

Bye for now. Our top story today -

:03:55.:04:00.

the triggering of Article 50. The Prime Minister will today

:04:01.:04:07.

formally start the process to take What do voters think? I think it is

:04:08.:04:16.

this protectionist mental crit. It makes us look more insular. I would

:04:17.:04:19.

like to see Britain being more international. We're not pulling up

:04:20.:04:27.

any draw bridges. This morning, the Chancellor tells colleagues we

:04:28.:04:29.

cannot have our cake and eat it. In other words there have to be

:04:30.:04:32.

compromise, but Britain will get a Brexit deal.

:04:33.:04:35.

Also on the programme, ex-Royal Marine Alexander Blackman

:04:36.:04:37.

could be home in a matter of weeks, after having his sentence

:04:38.:04:40.

for shooting dead a wounded taliban fighter reduced.

:04:41.:04:42.

His wife, Claire Blackman, tells us about his reaction to the outcome.

:04:43.:04:49.

I spoke to him shortly afterwards and I think it took a little longer

:04:50.:04:55.

for the realisation to hit. I think he'd worked very hard to prepare

:04:56.:05:01.

himself for not such good news. So, once it had finally dawned on us

:05:02.:05:05.

that we were going to be together soon, we were very happy.

:05:06.:05:09.

And the dangers of co-sleeping with your new baby.

:05:10.:05:14.

You think it's not going to happen to you. Still thinking about it my

:05:15.:05:22.

entire chest aches with just the pain of it.

:05:23.:05:26.

Health professionals tell us they fear parents are lying

:05:27.:05:28.

about sleeping with their children for fear of being judged.

:05:29.:05:40.

Here's Joanna in the BBC Newsroom with a summary of today's news.

:05:41.:05:44.

Theresa May has signed the letter that will formally begin the UK's

:05:45.:05:49.

The letter will be delivered by hand to the President

:05:50.:05:53.

of the European Council, Donald Tusk, at 12.30

:05:54.:05:55.

At the same time, the Prime Minister will make a statement to the Commons

:05:56.:06:06.

in which she'll urge the country to come together as it embarks

:06:07.:06:09.

Let's join Ben Brown. A carefully choreographed day? Very much so,

:06:10.:06:19.

Joanna. We know the choreography very much. Tim Bar owe, who is

:06:20.:06:26.

Britain's permanent representative at the European Union, he is in his

:06:27.:06:32.

offices over there in the European Council buildings in Brussels. He

:06:33.:06:36.

has got that letter with him that Theresa May signed last night in

:06:37.:06:38.

Downing Street. We gather it is several pages long and sets out

:06:39.:06:42.

Theresa May's vision of how the Brexit negotiations will go. The

:06:43.:06:47.

broad parameter she set out in January in her Lancaster House

:06:48.:06:54.

speechment he at 1.20pm, 12.20pm your time, will walk over to the

:06:55.:07:00.

president of the European Council, Donald Tusk and hands him that

:07:01.:07:04.

letter and it is when Donald Tusk acknowledges that he received that

:07:05.:07:09.

letter that Article 50 is triggered. We gather he will acknowledge

:07:10.:07:13.

receipt of that letter with a tweet and a video statement later on, but

:07:14.:07:17.

his formal response and much more detailed response won't come for

:07:18.:07:22.

another 48 hours, until Friday, and that's when he sets out his

:07:23.:07:27.

parameters and he will send that out to the other 27 leaders, but the

:07:28.:07:30.

negotiations themselves, they may not really get going until May or

:07:31.:07:35.

June and may not get going in earnest until after the French and

:07:36.:07:38.

German elections in May and September. So it may all not really

:07:39.:07:43.

start properly the negotiating until the autumn. So a will the of people

:07:44.:07:50.

here are saying the time frame is very tight indeed because the

:07:51.:07:53.

negotiations have to be completed by October of 2018 in order for the

:07:54.:07:56.

agreement to be ratified by the European Parliament.

:07:57.:07:57.

? Thank you very much, Ben. We'll have live coverage

:07:58.:08:02.

of the Theresa May's statement on triggering Article

:08:03.:08:04.

50 to the Commons. That's on the BBC News

:08:05.:08:06.

Channel at 12.30pm. An American man who was paralysed

:08:07.:08:08.

from the shoulders down, has been able to feed himself

:08:09.:08:10.

and hold onto a cup of coffee, after surgeons put implants

:08:11.:08:13.

into his brain and arm. Bill Kochevar had paralysis

:08:14.:08:16.

in all four of his limbs, after his bicycle ran into the back

:08:17.:08:18.

of a lorry. Doctors say it's the first time

:08:19.:08:22.

implants controlled by the brain have been used to help someone reach

:08:23.:08:24.

and grab objects once again. The family of Mark duggan whose

:08:25.:08:40.

shooting by police marksmen sparked riots have lost a court case that he

:08:41.:08:46.

was lawfully killed. There was another successful trial

:08:47.:08:52.

of video technology which was used to correct two wrong decisions

:08:53.:09:03.

in Spain's 2-0 win over France in their friendly

:09:04.:09:06.

in Paris last night. Antoine Griezmann thought he'd put

:09:07.:09:08.

France ahead but the video referee Gerard Deulofeu scored Spain's

:09:09.:09:10.

second and was flagged offside, but again the video was checked

:09:11.:09:16.

and the goal was given. The FA have said they want

:09:17.:09:29.

to trial the technology from the third round onwards in next

:09:30.:09:31.

year's FA Cup. Brazil have become the first

:09:32.:09:34.

country to qualify for They went through with four games

:09:35.:09:36.

to spare after Uruguay's Sale Sharks winger Denny Solomona

:09:37.:09:42.

said he had the support of his family and coach

:09:43.:09:45.

after declaring himself available Solomona represented Samoa

:09:46.:09:49.

in Rugby League and was playing for Castleford in Super League

:09:50.:09:56.

when he controversially switched He's eligible for England,

:09:57.:09:59.

after completing his Roger Federer's impressive start

:10:00.:10:01.

to 2017 shows no signs of faltering. He's lost only one match this

:10:02.:10:06.

year after returning from five months out

:10:07.:10:09.

and he's through to the quarter-finals of the Miami Open

:10:10.:10:12.

after beating Spain's Roberto His fellow Swiss, top seed

:10:13.:10:14.

Stan Wawrinka is out, though. Maria Sharapova will return

:10:15.:10:24.

to the women's Tour at next month's Stuttgart Open having served a 15

:10:25.:10:27.

month doping ban. Her last professional tournament

:10:28.:10:30.

was the 2016 Australian Open where she failed a drugs test

:10:31.:10:38.

and she's happy to have I am at an age and a stage where you

:10:39.:10:47.

are closer to thend than you are to the beginning, you always want to

:10:48.:10:51.

end your career or a chapter in your life on your terms and in your

:10:52.:10:56.

voice. That's why I fought so hard for the truth to be out. You don't

:10:57.:11:00.

realise how much you love something and how much something means to you

:11:01.:11:06.

until you lose it for sometime. She is set to return next month.

:11:07.:11:09.

That's all the sport. Britain takes a step

:11:10.:11:14.

into the unknown today when it formally serves notice on leaving

:11:15.:11:16.

the European Union. For some it's a day of jubilation,

:11:17.:11:22.

for others a day of dread, but there's pretty much

:11:23.:11:25.

no going back. Whatever happens - very little

:11:26.:11:26.

will change immediately - as we're faced with two years

:11:27.:11:29.

of negotiations and wrangles. Our reporter Jim Reed has been

:11:30.:11:31.

talking to voters in Luton. If we want Brexit to bring better

:11:32.:11:43.

opportunities for young people, young people need to make

:11:44.:11:47.

their voices heard, and we can appeal to Parliament

:11:48.:11:50.

about what that should be. I am a Masters student at Warwick

:11:51.:11:52.

University, I voted to leave. We did not get chance to

:11:53.:11:55.

have a democratic vote for 40 years. The EU was becoming a much bigger

:11:56.:11:58.

organisation than we signed up to. I am 50, I am a freelance PR

:11:59.:12:03.

and event consultant I thought some of the legislation

:12:04.:12:13.

and regulations were prohibitive to business and we could do it

:12:14.:12:17.

better, so I voted to leave. What questions would have made

:12:18.:12:23.

the difference for people, I have lived in the UK for 13 years,

:12:24.:12:26.

I am a proud British citizen. The people have spoken,

:12:27.:12:33.

this was not an opinion poll, it is a command to Parliament,

:12:34.:12:36.

so I am on board. What does it mean, instead of just

:12:37.:12:40.

saying these are possibilities, It is important to move on now,

:12:41.:12:44.

there is no use throwing a tantrum and getting upset

:12:45.:12:56.

about what people voted for. Theresa May has two

:12:57.:13:02.

things going for her. She came to office after the vote

:13:03.:13:06.

was taken, so she is not sullied by the mudslinging that went on,

:13:07.:13:09.

even though she did not say a lot. In her public statements so far,

:13:10.:13:12.

she seems to be quite We're not going to go off the rails

:13:13.:13:15.

one way or the other. I think it is either the case

:13:16.:13:33.

that only now has a real plan begun to develop,

:13:34.:13:38.

or there is not one, as I believe what the Government is trying to do

:13:39.:13:41.

is hide its negotiation as much I have been very concerned,

:13:42.:13:44.

I cannot lie, with Theresa May. She did come at a very difficult

:13:45.:13:53.

time, and I do not envy her, but I feel as though she did not

:13:54.:13:56.

stand as the leader I would have hoped to have had

:13:57.:14:01.

in such an uncertain time. With Brexit we have to make sure

:14:02.:14:10.

we do not throw the baby out with the bath water,

:14:11.:14:13.

and to keep the parts of the EU The Government needs to make sure

:14:14.:14:16.

that there are easy routes open for international students to come

:14:17.:14:21.

here and for British people to go Mine is from a business point

:14:22.:14:24.

of view, it is free trade. We have international clients.

:14:25.:14:32.

I work overseas a lot. So I need to be able to travel

:14:33.:14:36.

quickly and easily and nothing too People need to feel

:14:37.:14:40.

they have control of their We need to feel we are making laws

:14:41.:14:45.

in this country that, if we don't like the law,

:14:46.:14:50.

we can evict the lawmaker. And the management of migration,

:14:51.:14:54.

find the best resource At the moment it is

:14:55.:14:56.

being overplayed. You have people saying

:14:57.:15:08.

that they want to be independent from the UK,

:15:09.:15:11.

but they wanted be part of the EU. If you want to be independent,

:15:12.:15:13.

why rush to join the EU? I hope that it does not break up

:15:14.:15:22.

the UK, we need to stick together I voted to leave,

:15:23.:15:26.

but I am pro-European, I do not see why it should result

:15:27.:15:29.

in any more break-up. What you were saying,

:15:30.:15:34.

"I am pro-Europe but I do not want to be in Europe,"

:15:35.:15:42.

that frustrates me. You can't say we want as part of

:15:43.:15:51.

Europe. If you are going to say Brexit means

:15:52.:15:54.

Brexit, sever the arm off. Now we have got

:15:55.:15:57.

to deal with leaving. But I voted to leave,

:15:58.:15:59.

I did not vote to cut our arm off, I did not vote to have no

:16:00.:16:02.

tie at all. I think a second

:16:03.:16:05.

referendum is unnecessary. The people gave Parliament

:16:06.:16:14.

an instruction. It is not up to former

:16:15.:16:17.

Prime Ministers to tell us that we were too intellectually

:16:18.:16:24.

lightweight to understand what we were doing and that we should

:16:25.:16:28.

now have to rethink it. Graeme because we have been led into

:16:29.:16:34.

a fool's paradise. The argument that David Cameron

:16:35.:16:38.

should not have even offered a referendum to the British people,

:16:39.:16:42.

since it has not been on the ballot The British people deserve

:16:43.:16:45.

the chance to rethink their membership of the EU,

:16:46.:16:50.

they have not had it before, If we are to say, could we have

:16:51.:16:53.

another referendum, let people know That is the bit that

:16:54.:17:05.

frustrates me, the uncertainty. Be clear on what it is, be truthful,

:17:06.:17:10.

let people vote for a reality. The main criticism is we do not

:17:11.:17:17.

have enough information, so if there were to be a second

:17:18.:17:20.

referendum, we would need a lot more information,

:17:21.:17:23.

things would have to be different, So at 12.30 today the divorce

:17:24.:17:25.

papers will be served by hand to the President

:17:26.:17:37.

of the European Council, Actually, at 12:20pm,

:17:38.:17:39.

we are now told. As it's delivered,

:17:40.:17:47.

the Prime Minister will make a statement to the Commons

:17:48.:17:49.

in which she'll urge the country to "come together" as it embarks

:17:50.:17:52.

on a "momentous journey". Here we have four MPs to discuss

:17:53.:17:54.

what they think will happen once They are the Labour MP Gisela Stuart

:17:55.:17:57.

who campaigned to leave the EU, Hannah Bardell from the SNP

:17:58.:18:01.

who campaigned to stay in the EU, Anne Marie Morris who wanted Britain

:18:02.:18:04.

to leave the European Union and is a Conservative MP,

:18:05.:18:07.

Sarah Olney who won a byelection for the Liberal Democrats,

:18:08.:18:10.

after campaigning on the issue of Brexit and ousting

:18:11.:18:12.

the sitting MP, Zac Goldsmith, Are you desperate to get your hands

:18:13.:18:22.

on this letter that Mrs May has written? I don't think it is going

:18:23.:18:29.

to give us any clues. The more important thing to remember is that

:18:30.:18:33.

there are 19,000 articles according to the Commons library, pieces of

:18:34.:18:36.

legislation, that will be coming back from Europe. The greatest cut

:18:37.:18:43.

and paste job we have ever seen. EU legislation that we will import into

:18:44.:18:48.

British law? We are not going to do that until we get the great reform

:18:49.:18:54.

bill. It is about the trigger, but then will be the great reform bill

:18:55.:18:58.

or the great power grab. A number of academics have said they are very

:18:59.:19:03.

concerned of the fact that the government will change legislation,

:19:04.:19:06.

bring back power from places like Scotland, a bone of contention, and

:19:07.:19:11.

there is a question about whether we will get to properly scrutinise that

:19:12.:19:14.

legislation and have proper debate and vote on it. There were 147

:19:15.:19:22.

amendments to the Scotland act. Scotland Bill. We had the ability to

:19:23.:19:27.

push seven votes and it took the electric over two and a half hours.

:19:28.:19:30.

So you are worried about time and lack of scrutiny. What are you

:19:31.:19:36.

looking forward to today? I am less worried about what I think is the

:19:37.:19:41.

challenge, but we don't have to solve it overnight. For me it is a

:19:42.:19:45.

great opportunity for trade, for large business. We will have

:19:46.:19:50.

international trade agreements with countries we have never been able to

:19:51.:19:54.

have bilateral agreements with before. For our smaller businesses,

:19:55.:19:57.

they get a win as well because they will need to start recreating supply

:19:58.:20:01.

chains within the United Kingdom for some of our larger companies who

:20:02.:20:06.

want now to build in Britain rather than import parts for the main

:20:07.:20:13.

product into the UK. We also have an opportunity for import substitution

:20:14.:20:17.

and the food industry has been looking at it very carefully. We

:20:18.:20:20.

have not really been able to pull together all of our food businesses

:20:21.:20:25.

and let at how we can industrialise, and I don't mean make it into a

:20:26.:20:29.

factory but I may make it efficient, bring in some of the high-tech,

:20:30.:20:32.

which we can do but together we can applaud it. -- afford it. There is a

:20:33.:20:39.

huge opportunity. I can see your buoyancy and your joy. I was going

:20:40.:20:47.

to say that today is the start of a process but the problem is we don't

:20:48.:20:51.

know what the end is. Anne-Marie is talking about all this marvellous

:20:52.:20:53.

things that will happen but we just don't know. Today we start the

:20:54.:20:59.

process of a negotiation. At some point there will be some agreement

:21:00.:21:03.

but we still don't know who will make the decision about whether we

:21:04.:21:06.

accept those terms or not. We have always said we think it should be

:21:07.:21:09.

the people, they should get the final vote on the terms but Theresa

:21:10.:21:13.

May hasn't used to make any commitment on this and I think that

:21:14.:21:17.

is rarely important because yes, the country voted to leave the European

:21:18.:21:20.

Union last June, but we still don't know what they were voting for. We

:21:21.:21:22.

still don't know what our future looks like. Let's ask the zealous

:21:23.:21:28.

Stuart, a Labour MP, do you know what people voted for -- Gisela

:21:29.:21:34.

Stuart. We were quite clear that it was about taking control over your

:21:35.:21:38.

borders, taxes, laws and trade negotiations. What will happen after

:21:39.:21:44.

today is both the United Kingdom and the European Union will have to take

:21:45.:21:51.

a new fresh look at itself. It is a huge opportunity for National

:21:52.:21:54.

renewal but also for the European Union to address some of their

:21:55.:21:58.

problems. If we are grown up about these negotiations, then we will

:21:59.:22:04.

take things like workers' rights, all of those things currently

:22:05.:22:07.

enshrined in EU legislation, take them in UK legislation. A process of

:22:08.:22:12.

saying we have the final say on this. But the final endgame for me

:22:13.:22:16.

is we have to take those communities who voted in large numbers to leave

:22:17.:22:21.

far more resilient so they can actually withstand the threat of

:22:22.:22:27.

globalisation. On the Food Drink industry, and I have met with the

:22:28.:22:30.

food and Rincon industry and federation. They are very concerned

:22:31.:22:34.

about regulation because of the moment we have unified regulation.

:22:35.:22:37.

Which means we can easily import and bring stuffing. Exactly. Two of the

:22:38.:22:43.

biggest exports from Scotland, salmon and the ski, if there is not

:22:44.:22:47.

unified regulation and systems, we will have stuff stuck at the border.

:22:48.:22:52.

It seems somewhat extraordinary. You talk about trade deals, they can

:22:53.:22:57.

take years. Now they don't take years. They do, that is not doom and

:22:58.:23:02.

gloom, they do. Only because you have been talking about trade deals

:23:03.:23:08.

that take 28 countries to agree. It will be relatively straightforward,

:23:09.:23:11.

I am not saying walk on the part, but you said earlier these are

:23:12.:23:14.

things we could do before that is simply not right. We could not enter

:23:15.:23:17.

into bilateral agreements with other people. Mrs May wants today to

:23:18.:23:26.

effectively draw a line under the divisions caused by the referendum.

:23:27.:23:33.

Can that happen? It very much depends on her approach. I think one

:23:34.:23:37.

of the things that really concerns me is the agenda at the moment has

:23:38.:23:41.

very much been driven by the Brexiteers, the right-wing levers. I

:23:42.:23:48.

think if she is being honest about wanting to be more consensual then

:23:49.:23:51.

she needs to start listening to the voices of those who wanted to

:23:52.:23:55.

remain. Does at how the Chancellor has signalled today there will be no

:23:56.:24:03.

cut-off today, today is not being seen as a cut-off point. Is that a

:24:04.:24:08.

softening of her position? I guess so. What we have always asked for is

:24:09.:24:16.

a unilateral degree -- agree for the rights of EU citizens to stay in

:24:17.:24:19.

this country and we think there would be an excellent way to start

:24:20.:24:23.

off, because it would show Britain is serious about maintaining good

:24:24.:24:28.

relations with the EU. Is a Conservative MP, doesn't make across

:24:29.:24:31.

when you hear your Chancellor say we can't have your cake and eat it?

:24:32.:24:39.

Give me a context. He is making it clear that there will be a lot of

:24:40.:24:42.

compromises over the next couple of years. Sometimes when you listen to

:24:43.:24:47.

Leave campaigners, they make the negotiation sound like a walk in the

:24:48.:24:51.

park. I don't think it will be a walk in the park but I don't think

:24:52.:24:54.

we have the doom and gloom scenario that we will have to give away a lot

:24:55.:24:58.

to get the freedom we have fought for. I think the focus on this 60

:24:59.:25:06.

billion. The so-called exit bill. Exactly, that is completely unreal.

:25:07.:25:10.

The figure is far from clear. But you accept that Britain has to pay

:25:11.:25:15.

its liabilities. I think you will find that in any divorce, and I'm

:25:16.:25:19.

sure many of us have experienced this. Speak for yourself! What we

:25:20.:25:29.

actually do is we look at what the liabilities are and the assets and

:25:30.:25:32.

look at what is fair but what I don't think is fair is that we in

:25:33.:25:35.

the UK should be paying for benefits that we are not going to receive

:25:36.:25:43.

after we have left. What about paying in order to get access for a

:25:44.:25:47.

particular sector in this country, like the City of London? I think

:25:48.:25:54.

paying from ship of some of the science research schemes, they are

:25:55.:25:57.

well worth it, but this regard for the city, we are incredibly strong

:25:58.:26:01.

there and to think that we are in the weaker bargaining position, in

:26:02.:26:05.

terms of forward about the city is not the right position to take.

:26:06.:26:10.

Thank you all very much. PMQs at midday followed by Theresa May, the

:26:11.:26:13.

Prime Minister, standing up to address the Commons with a letter to

:26:14.:26:19.

Donald Tusk and what it says in it, and giving some more clues about her

:26:20.:26:24.

negotiating position when it comes to sorting out that Brexit deal over

:26:25.:26:26.

the next couple of years. Next - the wife of the former

:26:27.:26:29.

Royal Marine who shot dead a wounded Taliban soldier in Afghanistan tells

:26:30.:26:33.

this progrmame of her relief and delight that he'll

:26:34.:26:35.

be released in weeks. Sgt Alexander Blackman -

:26:36.:26:37.

who was inititially known as Marine A -

:26:38.:26:40.

has been in prison for three But after his original conviction

:26:41.:26:42.

for murder was reduced to manslaughter, his

:26:43.:26:46.

sentence was also cut. Sgt Blackman and his men were

:26:47.:26:49.

on a tour in Afghanistan in 2011 After being targeted by the Taliban,

:26:50.:26:52.

he found an injured Footage from a helmet-mounted camera

:26:53.:27:05.

showed him shooting him Obviously, this doesn't

:27:06.:27:08.

go anywhere, fellas. I've just broken

:27:09.:27:16.

the Geneva convention. Sergeant Blackman's wife Claire led

:27:17.:27:19.

the campaign for his murder conviction to be re-examined,

:27:20.:27:28.

and yesterday their lawyer said "she kept the flame alive

:27:29.:27:30.

when the legal system had completely abandoned her husband",

:27:31.:27:34.

and described her as "the lioness In her first TV interview

:27:35.:27:36.

since the case, she told us of her huge relief

:27:37.:27:41.

and delight at his release. Relief initially. I think it took a

:27:42.:27:57.

little while for the news to sink in that absolutely delighted, the

:27:58.:28:02.

result we were hoping for. And your husband was there via video link.

:28:03.:28:08.

What was his reaction? The same actually. I spoke to him shortly

:28:09.:28:11.

afterwards and I think it took a little longer for the realisation to

:28:12.:28:15.

hit. He had worked very hard to prepare himself for not such good

:28:16.:28:19.

news, so want it had finally dawned on us that we were going to be

:28:20.:28:25.

together soon, we were very happy. So he had braced himself for the

:28:26.:28:31.

worst westerner that is generally our way of coping with things,

:28:32.:28:34.

Professor the worst and you never know we might get a better result

:28:35.:28:40.

than that. What have you been told about when he will be free? We are

:28:41.:28:48.

hoping in the next day or so. But you are expecting it at the next

:28:49.:28:54.

couple of weeks or so? The sentence was just over seven years and he's

:28:55.:28:58.

just over three years, five months, so it should be imminent. Is it true

:28:59.:29:05.

on video link you manage to get in that he loved you yesterday? The

:29:06.:29:10.

court staff have been absolutely fantastic. We have been a regular

:29:11.:29:15.

appearance in court and the staff have got to know us and look after

:29:16.:29:19.

us very well. They allow us at the end of the video link to have a

:29:20.:29:21.

quick word with each other on camera. I did warn him that the

:29:22.:29:26.

court had not yet cleared, but yes, he did tell me he loved me. I wonder

:29:27.:29:35.

if you could give our audience and insight into the mental state of

:29:36.:29:41.

your husband? He done so many tours of duty in very dangerous places,

:29:42.:29:50.

what condition was he in? I never get to see the side of him that is

:29:51.:29:54.

under incredible stress at work. He is obviously thousands of miles away

:29:55.:30:00.

in a war zone and I will speak to him once a week by satellite phone.

:30:01.:30:05.

My role is to make sure that he knows that I am safe and well and he

:30:06.:30:10.

is not having to worry about anything, other than the job he is

:30:11.:30:17.

tasked to do. So I think as we have talked throughout this whole

:30:18.:30:21.

process, only have I come to understand just what incredible

:30:22.:30:26.

circumstances our servicemen and women are expected to operate in.

:30:27.:30:32.

Width at a previous hearing, judges described your husband as an

:30:33.:30:37.

exemplary soldier. The judges said although his responsibility was

:30:38.:30:40.

diminished, Alexander Blackman still retained a substantial

:30:41.:30:45.

responsibility for the deliberate killing of the telephone insurgent.

:30:46.:30:53.

Is that fair? He has never suggested anything else, he has always taken

:30:54.:31:00.

responsibility, he has always regretted his actions, we now know

:31:01.:31:04.

they were the actions of a man suffering from combat stress

:31:05.:31:07.

disorder. If you asked him would he turned back the clock to undo that

:31:08.:31:14.

incident, absolutely he would. They went on to say that his actions

:31:15.:31:20.

could be used as a propaganda tool by insurgents. I think there are so

:31:21.:31:25.

many aspects of this case that if not carefully taken in context can

:31:26.:31:31.

be described as propaganda tools. The video clips themselves have not

:31:32.:31:35.

been made available for exactly the same reason. I am not in a position

:31:36.:31:40.

to try and second-guess what terrorist organisations may or may

:31:41.:31:41.

not use. Your husband has been dismissed from

:31:42.:31:52.

the Royal Marines. Would he want to rejoin? That's a really important

:31:53.:31:58.

point. He has been dismissed. The previous sentence that was

:31:59.:32:03.

overturned was dismissed with disgrace and that's something that

:32:04.:32:07.

we found very difficult because of his exemplary career and the love of

:32:08.:32:13.

his time at the Royal Marines so to have that simply a dismissal is a

:32:14.:32:19.

fantastic relief. He has in the been reduced to rank so he retains his

:32:20.:32:24.

rank of sergeant going forward which is important to him and to us.

:32:25.:32:31.

Would he want to serve again? I think that now is the time to look

:32:32.:32:36.

forward, to spend sometime together, to be a married couple and to

:32:37.:32:40.

reassess what it is that he wants to do for the rest of his career.

:32:41.:32:46.

That's interesting. On his behalf, you're not ruling that out, that

:32:47.:32:51.

desire out? We have not really had that conversation. We have been

:32:52.:32:55.

focussed on getting yesterday's result and I can't answer on his

:32:56.:32:59.

behalf. What has been the lowest point for you in the last few years

:33:00.:33:07.

would you say? I think it has to be that day when the conviction was

:33:08.:33:11.

announced, the sentence was given for the original murder conviction,

:33:12.:33:20.

having snapped through a court martial process that we know the

:33:21.:33:24.

Criminal Cases Review Commission has described as flawed and has

:33:25.:33:28.

criticised the previous defence team and the judge advocate general. We

:33:29.:33:33.

knew that that decision was unfair and unjust, but it was the lowest

:33:34.:33:39.

point and yesterday saw that completely overturned. Did you ever

:33:40.:33:43.

believe, I mean, did you ever really think in your heart of hearts that

:33:44.:33:49.

yesterday would come? We obviously hoped and we continued to work and

:33:50.:33:54.

fight for that day and we had incredible support as you have seen

:33:55.:33:57.

from thousands of people who also felt that that day should come, but

:33:58.:34:02.

hes not to say there weren't days when we really wondered if it would

:34:03.:34:07.

ever happen. Do you feel you and your husband have been let down by

:34:08.:34:10.

the Army? In some ways, yes, absolutely. I think it is very clear

:34:11.:34:15.

that out on that tour the support that he needed and should have had

:34:16.:34:20.

was not there. He has had and continues to have a great deal of

:34:21.:34:24.

support and friendship from former colleagues and some of whom are very

:34:25.:34:31.

senior, but there has been a lack of support from other aspects of the

:34:32.:34:36.

Royal Marine Corps. And what do you think about that? I think it is

:34:37.:34:41.

inevitable to be honest. We were in a court martial process on

:34:42.:34:46.

effectively opposing sides and that saddens me because what we should

:34:47.:34:51.

have done and should now do is work together to make sure that the

:34:52.:34:54.

lessons from this case are learned. Well, what lessons would you draw

:34:55.:34:58.

from your husband's case then? There are many. And they start with the

:34:59.:35:04.

support that the men need in situations that they find themselves

:35:05.:35:09.

and a process that makes sure that that support is in place and is

:35:10.:35:13.

recorded, but there are also huge lessons to be learnt from the court

:35:14.:35:20.

martial process which failed him significantly in the original

:35:21.:35:23.

hearings and that needs to be addressed.

:35:24.:35:27.

When your husband is finally free, what will be the first thing you say

:35:28.:35:31.

to him? What will be the first thing you do together? I think we'll just

:35:32.:35:37.

have a huge hug and spend sometime together, making sure that we set

:35:38.:35:46.

off on our re-established married life together and doing whatever it

:35:47.:35:50.

is that we decide we want to do. Thank you very much. Thank you very

:35:51.:35:54.

much for talking to us, Clare. A pleasure.

:35:55.:35:59.

Phil says the way the authorities treat our soldiers are appalling.

:36:00.:36:03.

I'm really surprised they put their lives on the line for these

:36:04.:36:09.

unthankful people. A viewer says, "Murder is murder. There is no

:36:10.:36:17.

excuse." Audrey says, "I wish Clare and Alexander Blackman happiness

:36:18.:36:18.

going forward." As many as half of all babies

:36:19.:36:23.

in England have slept in the same bed as their parents by the time

:36:24.:36:27.

they are six months old. But this programme has been told

:36:28.:36:30.

that many parents who co-sleep are so fearful about being judged

:36:31.:36:32.

they are not telling Experts say they're concerned that

:36:33.:36:35.

guidance on how to minimise Our reporter Amber Haque bought

:36:36.:36:38.

you her full report an hour ago. She's been part of you for

:36:39.:36:43.

the past nine months. So to have her close is just

:36:44.:36:56.

the most-natural thing in the world. Dawn Barclay and her partner Andy

:36:57.:36:59.

had their second child Fern in 2014. Can you take me back

:37:00.:37:07.

to the night when it happened? Fern had slept quite well

:37:08.:37:10.

that night in her Moses We both had fallen back asleep,

:37:11.:37:14.

but we were lying on the couch. When I woke up, I had

:37:15.:37:34.

obviously discovered So I remember lifting her up

:37:35.:37:40.

and just running through to Andy Andy was amazing.

:37:41.:37:48.

He started doing CPR. I thought he had managed

:37:49.:37:59.

to bring her back. He managed to get the colour

:38:00.:38:04.

to come back in her cheeks. So her daddy gave

:38:05.:38:10.

her her last breath. The NHS estimates that just under

:38:11.:38:19.

300 babies die unexpectedly in their sleep every year

:38:20.:38:25.

as a result of Sudden Half of those are thought

:38:26.:38:27.

to be co-sleeping. Elaine McInnis advised health

:38:28.:38:53.

watchdog NICE about their guidelines Three years on, she says

:38:54.:38:55.

there's a concern parents are not being truthful,

:38:56.:38:58.

and the guidelines on how to do it They would go as far as to say

:38:59.:39:01.

that they are scared that they would be told

:39:02.:39:12.

they are a bad mother and have their children

:39:13.:39:15.

taken away from them, 13 months later, Dawn had

:39:16.:39:17.

another baby, called Faye. Anyone can get a leaflet with

:39:18.:39:37.

guidelines, but putting a face to it, it is still tearing families

:39:38.:39:47.

apart. Poppy says my son could have died

:39:48.:39:54.

when co-sleeping between my husband and I. I woke to find him very hot

:39:55.:40:01.

and red. This is from a doctor, I resuscitated babies in the emergency

:40:02.:40:05.

department. I co slept with my first daughter because she would never

:40:06.:40:09.

sleep in her crib. She would sleep on my chest and owicationly under

:40:10.:40:13.

covers breaking every rule. It was never my intention, just the result

:40:14.:40:17.

of exhaustion. It was clearly risky and I once found her under the

:40:18.:40:20.

covers on her head in a position that could have compromised her

:40:21.:40:24.

airway and breathing, fortunately she was OK. Now, with my second

:40:25.:40:28.

child, every night, I'm adamant she will stay in her crib, but

:40:29.:40:33.

exhaustion often gets the better of me and she is frequently sleeping on

:40:34.:40:37.

me by the morning. Mothers need advice and support, not to feel

:40:38.:40:41.

judged and scared to talk to their health visitor.

:40:42.:40:44.

Let's talk to Alison Walsingham a mum of two who shares her bed each

:40:45.:40:47.

night with both her eight-month-old and her four-year-old.

:40:48.:40:49.

Let's talk to Alison Walsingham a mum of two who shares her bed each

:40:50.:40:53.

night with both her eight-month-old and her four-year-old.

:40:54.:40:55.

Elaine McInnes who advised the health watchdog NICE

:40:56.:40:57.

Let's talk to Alison Walsingham a mum of two who shares her bed each

:40:58.:41:03.

Tell us why you sleep with your eight-month-old and four-year-old

:41:04.:41:12.

children? I would class myself as a lazy parent in that I don't want to

:41:13.:41:16.

have to get out of bed to feed my child. I found with my son

:41:17.:41:20.

especially when I tried to put him in the cot, he was distraught. And

:41:21.:41:24.

the only time he was happy was when he was in the bed next to me. So for

:41:25.:41:31.

me, it made logical sense to have him in my bed with me. With my

:41:32.:41:35.

daughter, that was just the way we did things. How do you sort the room

:41:36.:41:44.

out? My other half as a full-time job. He doesn't want to be woken up

:41:45.:41:50.

by the baby feeding or being kicked. I have the children either side of

:41:51.:41:54.

me. At no point would the children be allowed to be in the bed on their

:41:55.:41:57.

own. And you have a duvet and sheets. Where are the pillows? My

:41:58.:42:04.

son who is four shares a duvet, but the eight-month-old has her own

:42:05.:42:08.

blanket and no pillows. It is almost like two separate beds, but they're

:42:09.:42:12.

together, the beds on the floor so they can't roll out and... Dud feel

:42:13.:42:19.

judged? Absolutely. Do you? I feel that with most of my parenting and I

:42:20.:42:24.

work with a lot of parents who talk about sleep problems with children

:42:25.:42:26.

and how sleep would be so much easier if they could bring their

:42:27.:42:30.

baby into their bed with them, but they can't because you get the

:42:31.:42:35.

usual, oh you'll never get your baby out of your bed or you're going to

:42:36.:42:39.

kill your baby if you bring them into the bed. So people do judge you

:42:40.:42:44.

because it is not seen as a society norm.

:42:45.:42:47.

Even though we are all doing it. We're not all doing t are we? There

:42:48.:42:53.

is a proportion that are doing it, as your e-mails have said, you know,

:42:54.:42:58.

it might not be purposely, but at some point most parents have shared

:42:59.:43:03.

their bed with their child. Elaine, what's the advice to parents? The

:43:04.:43:14.

advice to parents is, the lullaby guidelines. So for the six months of

:43:15.:43:24.

baby's life they sleep in their own cot on their back in your room.

:43:25.:43:30.

There is 700,000 babies born aier and half of them, half of them,

:43:31.:43:34.

will, whether it is intentionally or non intentionally have co slept with

:43:35.:43:39.

one or both parents within the first three months. Is that safe? There is

:43:40.:43:45.

associated risks and that's what the NICE, the update of the guidelines

:43:46.:43:51.

three years ago through extensive evidence, looking at the evidence

:43:52.:43:58.

base, they found no direct correlation between co-sleeping and

:43:59.:44:07.

SIDs, but there was associated risks which if parents are smoking,

:44:08.:44:12.

drinking, drug tacking, and the baby is premature, or the baby is

:44:13.:44:17.

premature, it could be any one of those four points, a premature baby

:44:18.:44:22.

is a baby born before 37 weeks of pregnancy.

:44:23.:44:27.

Have you lied to a medical professional or a health visitor

:44:28.:44:30.

about the fact that you sleep in the same bed with your children? I did

:44:31.:44:35.

with my first. I was convinced if I was honest that they would take my

:44:36.:44:39.

baby away. Really? The fear that you have when you're sat in front of a

:44:40.:44:45.

health visitor and they are saying, "Where does your baby sleep?" When

:44:46.:44:55.

you say they sleep in a cot. No one said, "Oh you're bed sharing, would

:44:56.:44:59.

you like to do this safely?" With my daughter I was aware of how to do it

:45:00.:45:03.

safely I was confident in my decision to say, yes, I share a bed

:45:04.:45:08.

with my children and di-it safely and I'm fully aware of the risks and

:45:09.:45:15.

how to prevent those risks. Jenny, how do you react to what Alison

:45:16.:45:24.

does? We have got clear guidance that's there and health

:45:25.:45:27.

professionals have a good discussion with points and you have taken a

:45:28.:45:30.

really informed decision which is absolutely what all of us want to

:45:31.:45:34.

happen. We don't want anyone to be lying to health professionals. They

:45:35.:45:37.

know the advice that's out there, what we want parents to be doing is

:45:38.:45:42.

to realise that you are not a safe bed sharer is 100% of the time. You

:45:43.:45:46.

can have it really the safest way that you can do that co-sleeping and

:45:47.:45:50.

then that night you have a glass of wine, suddenly you are in the high

:45:51.:45:54.

ricks situation and everybody agrees the baby should not be in the bed

:45:55.:46:03.

Are you saying it is OK for people like Alison to co-sleep, because she

:46:04.:46:09.

has made an informed decision? We are saying it is her choice to make

:46:10.:46:14.

that. We will always say the safest places in the cot in the room. Want

:46:15.:46:18.

the babies to be close. But if you are aware of those risks and

:46:19.:46:21.

minimise them as them as much as possible then that is your decision.

:46:22.:46:26.

It is a slight increased risk, but if you take out all of those

:46:27.:46:31.

high-risk factors, it is a small risk. I was just cant say that we

:46:32.:46:34.

missed the point there are associated risks, no matter how your

:46:35.:46:37.

baby sleeps, even if baby sleeps in a cot. They are put down the runway

:46:38.:46:44.

there is a risk for them having SIDS in a cot. There is not anything that

:46:45.:46:50.

is risk-free. There is no way of your baby sleeping risk-free. Every

:46:51.:46:53.

night whether you put your baby in a cot or next to you, you put your

:46:54.:46:56.

fingers crossed and hope that you make it through the night. But you

:46:57.:47:03.

remove the risk. Exactly. Of having had that glass of wine if the baby

:47:04.:47:06.

is in the crib. I suppose there might be fewer risks? There are

:47:07.:47:13.

fewer risks. They estimate half of SIDS are associated with co-sleeping

:47:14.:47:18.

and of those that 90% are co-sleeping with high risks. Angela

:47:19.:47:24.

says I am a health visitor who has been shared since birth, now seven

:47:25.:47:29.

months at work I always inform parents of the safe sleep

:47:30.:47:32.

guidelines. Ashley, I co-slept with my daughter, we had no duvet just a

:47:33.:47:43.

blanket. Responses are that the health visitors help, I think they

:47:44.:47:46.

push more stress on to you, explaining your child could die due

:47:47.:47:51.

to co-sleeping. Perhaps they should explain the percentage to first-time

:47:52.:47:56.

parents. Elaine, have you come across anecdotal evidence that

:47:57.:47:59.

parents lie about the fact they sleep in the same bed? Absolutely,

:48:00.:48:05.

anecdotal evidence from other health visitors and parents too. Exactly as

:48:06.:48:12.

Alison said, there is still a stigma in this day and age that parents

:48:13.:48:15.

think we will take babies away, we will judge them, they will be bad

:48:16.:48:19.

parents. Actually, health visitors are the only service in the lives of

:48:20.:48:24.

every single parent in this country who has a baby, has a health

:48:25.:48:31.

visitor, Alliance to them. So that is a key person for five years

:48:32.:48:34.

potentially they can build a really good relationship with, and building

:48:35.:48:37.

a trusting relationship with your health visitor means that you should

:48:38.:48:41.

be able to have those open and honest discussions and not feel

:48:42.:48:45.

judged. Question, which I know you will have been asked a million times

:48:46.:48:48.

but I am really interested, your husband is in a separate room, at

:48:49.:48:54.

what point do you wean your children into their own beds? When they are

:48:55.:49:01.

ready. Eight, ten? I will say when my son is 18 he will not want to

:49:02.:49:04.

share a bed with me but if he is eight or ten and that makes

:49:05.:49:08.

uncomfortable. Does it impact on your relationship with your husband?

:49:09.:49:12.

I wouldn't say that when I have a new baby, clearly not! It is about

:49:13.:49:19.

being a bit more imaginative with your relationship. It is about

:49:20.:49:24.

putting your children first, but you can find ways to be intimate with

:49:25.:49:28.

your partner, you don't have to be in a bedroom where your children are

:49:29.:49:32.

sleeping. It is just one of those things that people assume if you

:49:33.:49:35.

have your baby in your bed then you can't be intimate with your partner,

:49:36.:49:39.

which is completely untrue. Thank you for being so honest, I was not

:49:40.:49:43.

expecting you to be as honest as you have, but I really appreciate it,

:49:44.:49:46.

because I know people will be thinking what is the deal? That's

:49:47.:49:53.

all right. If people are confused at all, where can they go to look for

:49:54.:49:58.

the latest up-to-date advice? There is loads on the Lullaby trust's

:49:59.:50:03.

website, we have a helpline if you have any particular concerns but

:50:04.:50:07.

also speak to the health visitors. The vast majority now this advice

:50:08.:50:10.

and want to have honest discussions with parents and make sure they are

:50:11.:50:15.

aware of risks, and have made that informed decision. Engage, and there

:50:16.:50:19.

are lots of us out willing to do that. Thank you all very much, thank

:50:20.:50:25.

you for coming on the programme. If you have been affected by any of the

:50:26.:50:28.

issues we have talked about from our film, there are details of

:50:29.:50:30.

organisations that can help. PMQs first and then the reason gets

:50:31.:50:48.

up and makes her address to her colleagues about the letter she has

:50:49.:50:53.

written, which the process of Britain leaving the European Union.

:50:54.:50:57.

Don says we voted to leave without knowing the possible outcome. Just

:50:58.:51:00.

accept the consequences and move on because what is done is done. Voted

:51:01.:51:05.

remain but so sick of the squabbling. No one knows what will

:51:06.:51:09.

happen post-Brexit, not even the politicians. Stephen said I voted

:51:10.:51:12.

remain, I can't believe this government is going forward with

:51:13.:51:16.

such a small majority towards a catastrophe that would leave Britain

:51:17.:51:20.

as a cold, damp, overcrowded island on the edge of Europe with no close

:51:21.:51:25.

friends. We were cold and damp in Europe, we will continue to be cold

:51:26.:51:28.

and that once we leave the European Union!

:51:29.:51:31.

Next - this really is an incredible story.

:51:32.:51:33.

A paralysed man has been able to feed himself

:51:34.:51:35.

by using his thoughts to send messages from implants

:51:36.:51:37.

53-year-old Bill Kochevar, who's from Ohio in the States,

:51:38.:51:44.

It the first time anyone with complete paralysis has ever

:51:45.:51:48.

been able to restore brain-controlled

:51:49.:51:49.

I remember up to the accident and then after that,

:51:50.:52:16.

I was following a mail truck and I was keeping my distance pretty

:52:17.:52:30.

good, but then it stopped to deliver a package.

:52:31.:52:32.

I ran right into the back of the mail truck.

:52:33.:52:36.

People have to do stuff for me that I can't do myself.

:52:37.:52:39.

They have to turn me every two hours.

:52:40.:52:42.

If I want water, they have to give me water.

:52:43.:52:44.

This research has enhanced my ability to be able to do things.

:52:45.:52:55.

The participant also uses a mobile arm support

:52:56.:52:57.

to support his arm against gravity, but that mobile arm support

:52:58.:53:01.

is also under cord control meaning by thinking about,

:53:02.:53:03.

he causes mobile arm support to raise and lower his shoulder.

:53:04.:53:09.

I'm still wild every time I do something amazing.

:53:10.:53:12.

One day they had some mashed potatoes and lo and behold

:53:13.:53:22.

I was able to eat the mashed potatoes really well.

:53:23.:53:44.

Raquel Siganporia is a paraplegic and speaks

:53:45.:53:46.

Professor Kevin Warrick is from the University of Reading

:53:47.:53:53.

He was the first person to have a similar implant, is this right? Yes,

:53:54.:54:08.

in an experiment 15 years ago back in Reading, and it was very

:54:09.:54:12.

successful. I had it in my peripheral nervous system to show

:54:13.:54:15.

what was possible. Explain how it works, then? In this case, someone

:54:16.:54:21.

who is paralysed through an injury, they have a break in the nervous

:54:22.:54:23.

system, but they still have the thoughts about moving in their motor

:54:24.:54:29.

cortex, in their brain. So the implant consists of a bunch of

:54:30.:54:34.

electrodes, it looks a bit like a very small hairbrush, fired into

:54:35.:54:37.

that part of the brain, so that when they think about moving, the

:54:38.:54:41.

electrodes pick up those signals, and they transmit them via a

:54:42.:54:45.

computer to electrodes in the nervous system. So it is like

:54:46.:54:49.

rewiring the nervous system over the break that was caused by the

:54:50.:54:53.

accident. We are showing pictures of it now. Raquel, how do you react to

:54:54.:55:00.

this? I mean, it is fascinating, isn't it, to think how far

:55:01.:55:03.

technology has come, that you can move your arm, which through thought

:55:04.:55:09.

control alone, it is a bit mind-boggling. But it is one person,

:55:10.:55:13.

or very few people who do benefit from this. It is about being

:55:14.:55:20.

cautious. No one can go out tomorrow and get it ruled out. For the 1200

:55:21.:55:25.

people that get it -- get it real doubt. As a trustee for the spinal

:55:26.:55:30.

injuries Association, we want to help people who have become

:55:31.:55:32.

paralysed, and if this technology can take off and be real doubt

:55:33.:55:37.

nationally, that would be amazing for everyone. How does your

:55:38.:55:42.

organisation help people? We support people from the moment they first

:55:43.:55:46.

become injured by going in, giving support to both the person who was

:55:47.:55:50.

injured but also their families because it is their family mothers

:55:51.:55:53.

who have to pick up the pieces at the very early stages. It is about

:55:54.:55:59.

guiding them through what they can expect, this is what your injury

:56:00.:56:02.

means, this is how you can still work, how you can get benefits if

:56:03.:56:05.

you knew the benefits to support you in those early stages. And this is

:56:06.:56:10.

how you rebuild your life. We are here, you can use us as much or as

:56:11.:56:14.

little as you want but we are your port of call until whenever you need

:56:15.:56:21.

us. But there will be people who have become paralysed two will see

:56:22.:56:26.

this story, and will say I need what he has got. Absolutely, and there is

:56:27.:56:30.

nothing more devastating, I have a client who was 15 when she became

:56:31.:56:34.

paralysed and she can't move her arms, she can't put her make-up on,

:56:35.:56:38.

she can't put keys through the doors. I can't begin to imagine the

:56:39.:56:46.

level of independence taken away from you when you can't do something

:56:47.:56:50.

as simple or basic as putting eyeliner on. For people like her,

:56:51.:56:55.

she will want to watch this and see what can we do to get it rolled out

:56:56.:57:01.

to benefit? Professor Warwick, what are the chances of it being --

:57:02.:57:06.

Professor Warrick, what are the chances of it being rolled out? It

:57:07.:57:11.

is very experimental at this stage, it was 15 years ago would the first

:57:12.:57:16.

experiments with this and it is already taking a look longer than it

:57:17.:57:20.

should do and it hurts me when I see people who are paralysed and they

:57:21.:57:26.

can't do things knowing that the technology is there that can help

:57:27.:57:29.

them. It is a case of money and research to make it happen. How many

:57:30.:57:36.

more years do you think? It is how much money. It could be a whole load

:57:37.:57:44.

of people, the technology works. This is the latest experiment. A

:57:45.:57:48.

year ago, there was another man who had signals passed to the outside,

:57:49.:57:52.

to stimulate the outside of his arm. Now this is another step forward but

:57:53.:57:57.

particularly for hand movement, like movements are a bit more difficult

:57:58.:58:01.

because the legs have to support the body, so they need extra power

:58:02.:58:04.

requirements. But for our movements, we can see what is possible from

:58:05.:58:08.

this latest experiment. Thank you very much -- arm movements.

:58:09.:58:13.

Thank you both. Thank you very much for your company today. Stay with

:58:14.:58:27.

BBC News for coverage of the triggering of Article 50 at about 20

:58:28.:58:30.

past 12 this lunchtime.

:58:31.:58:32.

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