13/02/2018 Victoria Derbyshire

Hello, it's Tuesday, it's 9 o'clock,

I'm Victoria Derbyshire,

welcome to the programme

Our top story today -

the Commonwealth has secretly begun

considering who might succeed

the Queen as its head -

it won't automatically

go to Prince Charles

on the Queen's death.

We'll bring you the story

Also on the programme - why are men

seven and a half times more

likely to gamble then women?

I just think it's sort of a lad

culture thing, you can't go to the

pub on a Saturday afternoon without

having the foot walk on the TV and

obviously there's adverts that, on

and you get the urge to sort of have

a bet on the football and I can't

watch a game of football without

having a bet on it.

We'll find out how much of a problem

gambling amongst men is.

Plus - stand down or

face being forced out.

The ultimatum given

to South Africa President Jacob Zuma

by his own party this morning.

It's very hard to find real

supporters of Jacob Zuma even in his

former stronghold, it's hard to find

supporters now.

We'll look at a legacy

of allegations of corruption.

And we are here talking to Willian

from the Black eyed peas about a

range of issues.

Hello...

Welcome to the programme,

we're live until 11.

Throughout the morning we'll bring

you the latest breaking news

and developing stories

and as always really keen

to hear from you.

Do get in touch on all the stories

we're talking about this morning -

use the hashtag Victoria LIVE

and If you text, you will be charged

at the standard network rate.

Our top story today.

The BBC has learned

that the Commonwealth has begun

considering who might succeed

the Queen as the head

of the organisation.

Our reporter Caroline

Davies is here...

First of all, what is the

Commonwealth? It's a group of 53

countries, some of them used to be

British, colonies, some of them have

no ties to Britain at all, the

language mostly used as English but

there is no official status for

that.

What are they considering at

the moment?

People may be quite

surprised that Prince Charles does

not automatically become head of the

Commonwealth, the Queen is currently

head, but it is not hereditary, they

don't have a formal process to

select the leader at all so this is

something that will be considered

today. There is a high-level group

set up by the Commonwealth to look

at how it operates, they are going

to be considering whether, different

elements of the Commonwealth and how

it works, we hear from insiders they

will potentially talk about the fact

who takes over from the Queen after

she dies. There are an a few things

currently on the table, it could be

in style is is selected to be the

next leader, that might be that it's

a one off, it's Charles for now,

when he dies, it might not

automatically move on to Prince

William. The other option, they

decide it's going to be hereditary

from now on, it is whoever the

British monarch is automatically

becomes leader of the Commonwealth.

Another option, Prince Charles is

still the most likely option but

there is the other option they elect

a ceremonial leader, a strong

democratic tradition with the

Commonwealth, that is another

potential feature they might

discuss.

Thank you very much,

Caroline. Here is the rest of the

news.

Rachel Schofield is

in the BBC Newsroom

The ANC has made an official demand

for leader Jacob Zuma to step down.

It follows a 13 and a half hour

meeting stop his time in office has

been overshadowed by corruption

allegations.

Cyril Ramaphosa left a 13 hour

meeting on Monday night under the

weight of the momentous decision, to

remove President Jacob Zuma as the

head of state. Earlier Cyril

Ramaphosa delivered an ultimatum to

the President at his official

residence telling him to step down

within the next two days but an

unconfirmed report said Jacob Zuma

had responded by asking for another

three months in office.

The new

President of the African National

Congress...

Since Earl Ramaphosa was

elected party leader in December

Jacob Zuma has resisted immense

pressure to resign. His second term

has been plagued by scandal and the

party rift has threatened the

stability of South Africa's Gulbis

liberation movement. On Sunday Cyril

Ramaphosa told supporters in Cape

Town he was seeking a new beginning

and pledged to tackle the corruption

that has marred nine years in office

by Jacob Zuma. Allegations

surrounding his links to the wealthy

Gupta family have caused his

popularity to plummet recently but

he continues to command support in

rural areas. Cyril Ramaphosa has

said publicly he wanted to avoid

recalling the President eager

perhaps to protect his chances in

the election next year yet still,

Jacob Zuma refuses to quit and there

is a no-confidence vote, even more

turmoil could be around the corner.

A new tool to fight online extremist

activity is being unveiled

by the Home Secretary

during a trip to the US.

It aims to detect content

and remove it instantly.

Funded with more than half a million

pounds of government money,

the tool draws upon a vast database

of material posted by

the so-called Islamic State.

Our technology reporter

Dave Lee has more.

Created by an artificial

intelligence company based in London

and funded with more than have the

million pounds government money to

draws upon a vast database of

material posted online by so-called

Islamic State.

We have two videos,

one of which is legitimate news

content, the other is terrorist

propaganda. To my naked eye I

actually can't tell the difference

between them. But fortunately down

at the bottom this is very low

probability of being terrorist

content but this one is much higher.

Using this technique the software

creators believe they can spot up to

94% of Islamic State content posted

online with an accuracy of 99.9 and

5%. Anything the software is unsure

about a slide for human review.

I've

had a demonstration of it and I know

a lot of other people have as well

and it's a convincing example that

you can have the information you

need to make sure this material does

not go online in the first place.

Advocates of an open Internet often

pushed back against this kind of

software because it can produce

false positives, content being

blocked when it should not be yet it

is estimated over 400 different web

services were used to spread

propaganda in 2017 and the task is

less about blocking jihadists online

today but addicting offer they might

be on the Internet tomorrow.

Two teenagers have an arrested on

suspicion of murder after a six-week

baby died in. Police were called to

an address with reports of a child

needing medical attention, the baby

was taken to hospital and pronounced

dead. An 18-year-old woman and

16-year-old boys were arrested and

are being held in custody.

This programme has learned that men

are seven-and-a-half times more

likely than women to

become problem gamblers.

In the UK there are thought to be

around 430,000 problem

gamblers but experts and gambling

addicts say a mix of lad culture,

advertising and biology is to blame

for more men becoming addicts.

The gambling commission say

they are focused on ensuring

that the gambling industry tackles

problem gambling for all people.

We'll have a special report

on this issue shortly.

British holiday-makers are heading

back to Tunisia this morning more

than two years after a terror attack

all 38 people, 30 of them Britons in

the Beach resort. Thomas Cook is the

first British tour company to resume

flights to the country as John

Maguire reports.

With it is idyllic white

beaches and pristine

Mediterranean coastline,

Tunisia was a popular holiday

destination for British tourists -

attracted around 4430,000 of them

each year.

But then came the attack in June

2015, when a gunman killed

on a beach near Sousse.

So-called Islamic State said

it was behind the shooting.

Almost three years

on from that deadly attack,

and British tour companies are once

again offering package holidays to

the country.

This morning the 220 passengers

were the first to return

- flying from Birmingham.

I'm a bit nervous,

because I didn't know we

were the first one and we were out

there the last time when the

terrorist attack was on,

so we were staying in the hotel down

the road, but we love the country,

so as soon

as we knew there was a flight going,

we thought we would be going back

out there.

I have still been travelling

while it's been closed.

I go to France or Germany normally.

Yeah, so, no, I'm not scared at all.

Fine, can't wait.

No trouble.

Beautiful place.

Beautiful.

Probably more dangerous

staying in London

than it is staying out there.

British officials say Tunisia has

made huge progress in counter

terrorism and security

since the attacks,

although the Foreign Office advice

that is travellers are

vigilant at all times as the country

remains in a state of emergency.

Thousands of people -

mainly women and children -

are fleeing the Democratic Republic

of Congo to neighbouring Uganda

following an army offensive

against rebel groups.

Aid workers say the situation

is at "breaking point"

with the United Nations claiming up

to 370,000 people could leave.

Half a million people have already

been displaced by fighting

over the last two years.

That's a summary of the latest BBC

News - more at 9.30.

Good morning. Welcome to the

programme, this is a message from

Andrew on Facebook, a report in a

few minutes, gambling is mentally of

avoiding issues like stress,

depression, loneliness, women can

open up and talk to each other, men

hide away and play online games or

gamble.

Do get in touch with us

throughout the morning -

use the hashtag Victoria LIVE

and If you text, you will be charged

at the standard network rate.

Let's get some sport with Holly.

Elise Christie is going for gold

in Pyeongchang this morning,

how much of a chance has she got?

She is one of the most exciting

prospects in Team GB, one of the

most likely to walk away with a gold

medal but she is the favourite for

the 1000 metre audits the 500 metre

she has this morning, just shortly

after 10am but she is leaking in

incredible shape at the minute. She

won her short track heat in an

Olympic time but it was broken just

some minutes later but she remains

second favourite for the race this

morning, favourite for the 1000

metres, the thing is it can all go

wrong, think back to Sochi 2014, she

was disqualified in all three of her

events, after the referee held

responsible for a three woman

pile-up. As you can see, her escape

connected with one of the other

racers, it's been a hard road for

her, she's had to endure online

abuse, get into training again for

the Olympic Games, she has clearly

put all of that behind her, 10am

this morning that race will get

under way and if you are going to

watch one thing this should

definitely be it. Fingers crossed

for her.

England are playing

New Zealand in a Twenty20

cricket match, how

are they getting on?

Chelsea won last night,

has that saved Antonio Conte's job?

Kane Williamson firmly in control,

England having some success,

including this extraordinary catch

from Chris Jordan but that did not

stop New Zealand reaching an

imposing total, 196, the England

response got off to a pretty good

start, wickets falling regularly

168-8 after 18 overs, keep across

that on the BBC sport website, all

the latest news.

Chelsea won last night,

has that saved Antonio Conte's job?

It was only last week we were

talking about that, the thought of

him being out of a job after

back-to-back defeats, he needed a

win last night and it was quite a

comfortable victory over West Brom

at Stamford Bridge, 3-0, two goals

from Eden Hazard and a goal from

Victor Moses, Antonio Conte thanked

the fans for sticking by him and

there was a bit of a show of support

him last night, singing his name

throughout the game but there is a

feeling that the clock is running

down to the end of the season, maybe

to the end of his Chelsea career,

who knows? In the meantime, bad

result puts them back in the top

four, a point ahead of Tottenham but

I can't imagine this is the end of

the speculation.

Thank you. More

from Holly throughout the morning.

Problem gambling is an issue we've

covered a number of times

on this programme --

we know the impact

can be devastating -

not only running up huge debts

but also disrupting family

relationships and careers.

What we haven't explored before

is why so many gamblers are men.

In fact the figures

are particulary stark.

Men are seven and a half times more

likely to become problem

gamblers then women.

Why is that?

Our reporter Chris Hemmings has

been trying to find out.

In the UK it is now thought about

430,000 people can be described as

problem gamblers. With as many as 2

million at risk of developing an

addiction. But what is known is who

makes up the majority of those with

a problem. The answer... Men.

I had problems from 30 years ago

financially. I went on to steal from

my employer and I guess along the

way I have lost hundreds of

thousands of pounds, ended up in

prison.

I started gambling about

four years ago when I turned 18,

probably lost within the region of

20- £30,000, wasn't all my money. I

think it's had a major effect on the

last few years of my life.

I'm a

gambler, it's the way I made, I am a

gambler, my wife wasn't at all happy

when I lost three months income on

the turn of a card in a poker game

but that did not stop me. I changed

to gambling on property.

In the UK

there's hardly any difference

between the sexes when it comes to

food gambles each year but when it

comes to a problem the difference is

much starker, in fact if you are a

man you are seven and a half times

more likely than a woman to become a

problem gambler. Why is that? What

is it specifically about men that

makes us more as a set book to

gambling?

makes us more as a set book to

gambling? I'm meeting up with Matt.

He started gambling

gambling? I'm meeting up with Matt.

He started gambling when he was 18.

By the age of 22 he had already

gambled away nearly £32,000.

I

started to play small bets on the

football. Then it sort of got more

and more out of hand. I started

placing larger stakes. And I started

losing a lot more than I was

intending to.

What you think it is

about men in particular that makes

gambling so attractive?

I think it

is a lad culture kind of thing. You

cannot go to the pub on a Saturday

afternoon without the football on

the telly. Then adverts come on. You

get the urge to have a bet on the

football. I couldn't watch a game of

football without having a bet on it.

Did you find it difficult, as a

bloke, to come forward and admit you

had a problem?

I did. I opened up to

my parents first of all. I wish I

had done it sooner than I did,

because I probably wouldn't have

been in the position I got to.

Did

you and your friends never talk to

each other?

We did, but they

sometimes were involved in gambling

themselves. It was sort of

embarrassing to open up to them in a

way where you think, I'm really

struggling with this. With all men,

you just want to live the high life

and just want to be able to do

whatever you want to do. I think

with gambling it is in your mindset,

making money, but I think in reality

you just...

It just takes you down.

What does it feel like when you are

chasing that when?

-- that women.

It's not the best feeling. I've been

very low. It has made my life a

misery. -- chasing that win. I feel

like I've lost the last three years

of my life. I don't want it to

affect my life.

This doctor has been

helping people with addictions over

30 years. As a former gambler

himself he has a rare insight into

the mind of a gambler. He started

gambling during his time at

university. But that turned into

much higher stakes on property

speculation.

It was inevitable that

I would be interested in people who

have problems like I do. I

eventually set up a rehab. Mine was

the first rehab to treat compulsive

gamblers in the UK.

What is it that

draws men into gambling?

Men tend to

be hedonistic, yeah, let's go for

it. That tendency seems to be Nacho,

you know, real man! We found that in

the group. -- that tendency seems to

be macho. All addictions go

together, they are all saying the

same thing, let's get plastered.

Those are the people I came across

as having particular addictive

behaviour with gambling.

Those

people are more likely to be male?

Yes. Men are greater risk takers

than women. They tend to be rather

proud of it. I used to boast on how

much I lost. I lost three months'

income on the turn of one card in a

poker game. This isn't something I

should be proud of. But I'm a

gambler, and a real gambler! It's

like the fishermen boasting about

the one that got away.

Where should

I be looking for answers here? Is

this a social thing? Are their

biological factors at play?

There

are three causes of any addiction.

The first is genetics. Some of us

have an addictive nature. The second

is sociological. Its environment.

Their Rosamund Bradbury 's which are

particularly risky. And the third is

exposure.

Is there a way gambling is

advertised, its link with sport is

that why so many people get caught

up? -- there are certain

environments which are particularly

risky.

I was at a football match. We

were pestered constantly, short

skirted, young, attractive women,

saying who is going to score the

next poll? What will be the

half-time score? Who will be

injured? Who will win? We could bet

on anything as part of a norm.

Gambling and sport go together

uncomfortably closely.

For example it's estimated that

British men will watch an average of

about 20,000 hours of televised

sport in their with football by far

being the most popular. In

comparison, women will watch half

that amount. In October last year,

this programme found that almost all

ad breaks during a football match

feature at least one gambling

advert. In the 25 games we watched

there were over 1300 adverts, one in

five of them were for betting.

It isn't just young people who get

caught up in gambling. You're more

likely to develop an addiction if

you are middle-aged. That is why I

am in Sheffield to meet David. He

was an accountant and he got sent to

prison after defrauding his company

out of more than £70,000 to feed his

gambling addiction. Overall he lost

over half a million.

It is a hamster

wheel once you are in it. You cannot

find a way out. You just go faster

and faster before your legs give in,

which is basically when I gave in.

At one end you don't spend money on

things you cannot afford, and at the

other and you steal money for things

you cannot afford. Whether it is

gambling itself or the depth it

creates. I have travelled from one

end to the other. It was my brain

making those decisions. I have to be

accountable and responsible for

those decisions. But what I cannot

do is say why I made those

decisions.

What is it about men

specifically that make us more

likely to develop a gambling

problem, in your opinion?

We want to

be seen as the breadwinner. The head

of the family. As getting a great

deal of respect. Makes things

happen... Is there to support the

family, as well. To have this

hanging around you as something that

you should have shared with the

family was a great burden. Having

said that, the escapism of

compulsive gambling made you forget

the things that create that burden.

You are in a different place. I was

sent to prison. It came out then.

And it wasn't me saying it.

Why

couldn't you own up?

Embarrassment,

Shane, that is the one half of me,

the other half kept convincingly

that I could put it right, gamble,

win big, that every thing right. --

embarrassment and shame. Convincing

myself I could handle it.

He went to

help groups, how much of them would

have been male immigrants?

Almost

100%. I get people ringing me up. --

how much of them would have been

male in those groups? People really

up and ask for advice. I have never

thought of the relevance, but it is

only males who have called me.

They both explained how their

environment affected their

decision-making. But some

researchers in California think they

have found a biological difference

which might explain why men are more

likely to chase their losses. Mara

was part of that team.

There hadn't

been a lot of research on stress and

what it does to decision-making. We

realised that there is a lot of

stress involved in risky decision

making. We used a common

decision-making task about risk

where people have to blow up

balloons on the trial. They see the

balloon. They are asked you want to

inflate it to be larger or cash out

and get all of the money. You get

more money the bigger the balloon,

but every time you inflate it it

could pop and you lose all your

money. We had people play this game

after they were stressed by us

having them put their hand in ice

water. It reliably induces cortisol

release, which is the primary stress

hormone, which influences the brain

and the body. Cortisol peaks about

20 minutes after people do this ice

water task. We had them play the

game 20 minutes later.

Men and

women?

Yes. We were not expecting

gender differences. We were

interested in what stress would do

to decision-making. We found that

the people in the controlled

condition who had just put their

hand in warm water, there were no

sex differences. But under stress,

men and women diverged. Men were

significantly more risky. Women were

more Conservative. They were more

likely to cash out their balloons,

men were more likely to hit and hit

until the balloon blows up.

Risky

decisions are often not profitable.

Do you see a correlation between

what you found on the fact there are

seemingly more men who are problem

gamblers?

It very well could be.

Having a gambling problem can lead

to stress. It could be a vicious

circle. As somebody gets into

gambling and they might get into

trouble and that, that leads to

stress and what they are looking for

as the solution is this risky

outcome where they can get a big

reward. And that really isn't very

helpful. But that is what is driving

their behaviour.

In West London,

Henrietta runs the only NHS clinic

specifically set up to support

problem gamblers.

We see patients

here who talk about being introduced

to gambling activities by their

fathers. It is normally their

fathers. And when you dig deeper you

find that their sisters, when they

were children, were not taken by

their fathers to the races with the

same frequency or the same level of

emotional involvement.

The

relationship between men and their

predisposition for risk taking, how

does that transpose itself into the

number of men with a gambling

problem?

It's possible that men with

higher levels of risk taking and

impulsivity are more attracted to

the immediacy of some gambling

types. For example, the in game

betting, or the fast turnover of

some of the roulette machines.

Very

little research has been done in

this area so far.

There are areas

within the research of pathological

gambling that are still quite

unexplored.

What next? Clearly more

research needs to be done to

discover if male brains are

predisposed to developing a gambling

addiction. But we do know that

environmental factors certainly play

a huge part. The gambling commission

said guidelines are already in place

suggesting gambling adverts

shouldn't appeal to particularly

masculine traits. It has now

launched a consultation on whether

or not fines can be used to deter

gambling companies from using them.

Really keen to hear

from you if you've been

affected by problem gambling.

To get in touch and the usual ways

and share your experiences. This

e-mail from one woman who does not

wish me to use her name. My husband

gambolled regularly for years and

wouldn't tell me he had a problem.

He used to lie to me and say that he

used to spend £2 50. I found out he

was spending £16 in the betting

shop. There doesn't seem like a lot,

but it was a lot for me, it could

have bought our dinner. Gamblers

don't realise the hardship they

cause other family members. We used

argue all the time. He used to say

it was his money and I would say

yes, but I have to subsidise because

of it. We got into debt of over

£6,000. Gambling causes nothing but

argument and in my case poverty.

Martin says a complete lack of

personal responsibility and

selfishness is at the root of

problem gamblers, it ruins lives but

they still persist. Apps have made

it easier than ever. But it is still

a conscious choice. These immature

boys should grow up and be men.

That's interesting, is it a

conscious choice? Or have we learned

that when it comes to alcohol,

certain drugs, gambling, that it is

an addiction, and therefore an

illness? Do let me know your own

experiences.

Still to come.

He's a singer, rapper,

music producer,

and a coach on The Voice.

Now Will I Am is turning his

attention to becoming an author.

We'll speak to him on this

programme before 10.

And as the Charity Commission lodges

a statutory inquiry into Oxfam and

the sex scandal surrounding its

workers in Haiti, we'll speak to

someone who campaigns against

prostitution and child trafficking.

Time for the latest news -

here's Rachel Schofield

The BBC News headlines

this morning...

BBC News has learned

that the Commonwealth has begun

considering who might succeed

the Queen as the head

of the organisation.

Member states could choose anyone

as the ceremonial leader,

as the role is not hereditary.

The BBC has been told 53 member

states have established a high level

group of independent figures to look

at the way the Commonwealth

is governed.

It will meet for the first

time today in London.

South Africa's ruling party has

made an official demand

for President Jacob Zuma to step

down, after a 13-hour meeting

with leading figures

from the African National Congress.

Mr Zuma has been the head

of state since 2009,

but his time in office has been

overshadowed by

corruption allegations.

It is unclear how he will respond

to the formal request to resign.

A new tool to fight online extremist

activity is being unveiled

by the Home Secretary

during a trip to the US.

It aims to detect content

and remove it instantly.

Funded with more than

half a million pounds

of government money,

the tool draws upon a vast

database of material posted

by the so-called Islamic State.

The Home Secretary Amber Rudd

will meet with tech companies

to discuss the software -

as well as other efforts

to tackle extremism.

Two teenagers have been arrested

on suspicion of murder

after a six-week-old baby

died in Southampton.

Police were called to

a home in Defender Road

in Peartree on Sunday after reports

of a baby boy needing

medical attention.

The child was taken

to Southampton General Hospital

where he was pronounced dead

a short time later.

An 18-year-old woman

and a 16-year-old boy were arrested

and are being held in custody.

British package holiday

companies have started taking

tourists back to Tunisia -

almost three years since a gunman

opened fire at a beach

resort killing 38 people.

30 British holidaymakers

were killed at the resort

in Sousse in June 2015.

Until last summer,

the Foreign Office advised

against travel to Tunisia due

to the high risk of terrorism.

That's a summary of

the latest BBC News.

Here's some sport now with Holly.

England have unbeaten in their match

against New Zealand. They need to

win their next game to stand any

chance of making the final. A 500

meter dash for Durie, Team GB's

Elise Christie will compete this

morning, she is tipped to win the

first edition medal in the Winter

Olympics in Pyeongchang.

Snowboarding sensation Chloe Kim

produced a stunning performance to

win gold, at just 17 with a score of

90 point to five footer final one,

she is a big hit with the home fans

because of her South Korean fans.

Marcel here should won the men's

combined event after a thrilling

slalom show. He was at the top of

the leaderboard, we will bring you

the results from the 500 metre race

involving Elise Christie shortly

after 10am. See you then. Holly,

thank you.

Inflation figures are out -

they measure the rate

in which the price we pay for goods

and services is rising.

Andy Verity is here to explain

everything. I am supposed to. This

is measured by the Office for

National Statistics you look at a

basket of goods and services and

track out the prices in the basket,

your milk, serial, order bus fares,

the prices are going up and by how

much. It's a very important thing

for setting policy and interest

rates which determine the cost of

mortgages, the headline news is that

inflation has stayed the same as it

was last time, 3%, at the top end of

the target range for inflation is

supposed to be according to the

rules laid down the Bank of England

to follow. It's supposed to be

between 1-3%, not higher or lower,

3% is exactly where it is. The

highest it got recently was 3.1%,

it's now subsided just a little, the

consensus was that it would carry on

going down, some people might be a

little disappointed inflation has

not got a little lower but what you

have is signs that there is less

inflationary pressure than used to

be. The pound got weaker, a lot of

what we buy is imported, when the

pound gets weaker it takes more

pounds to buy the dollars or euros

you need to buy imported goods and

that was pushing up prices in pounds

in the shops. Bad effect some people

think may start to fade and this may

be the first signs. We've had a

reduced in the price of raw

materials, those prices have not

been rising as fast. The

inflationary pressure is easing and

it's quite likely inflation will

continue to subside from now on.

But

what about average earnings, are

they still behind where inflation

is, our our living standards being

squeezed?

We are still going through

a real turn pay cut, unions used to

get very worked up about this, we've

had that for most of the last

decade, the worst decade or rises in

income in 200 years. But carries on

for the moment, wages not rising as

fast as prizes but there is a hope

that will come to an end in the

second half of this year.

What does

this mean potentially for interest

rate rises later in the year.

The

last I looked the markets were

betting the next interest rate rise

will be in May, thank you very much.

Next let's turn our attention

to what's happening

in the Democratic Republic

of Congo in Africa.

The country - which has

a population of 79 million

and is more than 4 times the size

of France - was for many years known

as being at the centre of civil

war and corruption -

which claimed up to six million

lives - either directly

through fighting or malnutrition.

Now though concerns

are mounting again

about the country's future -

thousands of refugees are fleeing

into neigbouring Uganda

in an attempt to escape violence

between rival ethnic groups.

Aid workers there say the situation

is at "breaking point".

Let's talk to Ben Shepherd from the

Chatham House Africa programme and

looks at foreign affairs and in a

moment we hope to talk to Jan

Egeland, the Secretary General of

the Norwegian Refugee Council, we

are having technical ethical base

but we will persist and do our best

to get hold of him but first, Ben

Shepherd, good morning. Why do so

many people want to lead their own

country?

The crisis that has erupted

over the last couple of weeks is due

to a re-emergence of fighting

between two ethnic groups, these

groups fought seriously in the late

90s, early 2000s, with real worries

it would turn into genocide, it was

the site of the first EU

peacekeeping mission outside Europe,

things East around 2006 albeit at

the cost of 60,000 lives, fighting

re-emerging between these groups,

frightening people, life is very

precarious, very few jobs, most

people reliant on subsistence

farming, if they are forced from

their land they don't have anywhere

to go.

Why has the fighting erupted?

It's very hard to say the specifics

of this, at the heart is competition

overland in a place where most

people do not have paid employment,

land is everything. And these groups

involved, one is traditionally

cattle raising and the other is

traditionally farming, there has

been a long-standing confrontation,

friction, over who gets to use

Butland, there was a rumour this was

triggered by cattle rustling, the

government is incapable of providing

security for its population and the

police and military forces that go

into places tend to cause more

difficulties than they solve much of

the time.

In terms of the levels of

violence that are being endured by

some of the population, some of the

stories are horrific.

Indeed,

indeed. Some of the stories coming

out are awful. It's one of the most

difficult things with the Democratic

Republic of Congo to get exact

information, this is going on in

rural areas, there are reports of

hundreds of villagers being burnt,

Nasa curse of 30-60 people, it may

disguise something more serious,

it's hard to know until people get

in on the ground and find out what

is going on.

Reports of women being

rates, hopefully we will talk to Jan

Egeland, hopefully he will be able

to corroborate that. It estimated

almost 8 million people, 10% of the

population affected by extreme

hunger, 4 million children under the

age of five at risk of acute

malnutrition. -- women suffering

serious sexual assault.

It's the

outcome of a furry long process of

disintegration of the state of Congo

which started back in the 60s and

70s under the cold war. The Congo

went through two deeply obstructive

wars, killing millions of people.

I

have a heading that way again?

The

current President became President

of the age of 29 after the

assassination of his father in 2001,

for the first few years of his role

it looked as if the area was

emerging successfully, the next

electoral cycle after five years he

won those, a lot of questions asked

about whether those elections were

free. His second term in office it

is like the US, you only get two

madrigals, should have come to an

end on December 2016, it did not

happen, he is still there, there

were promises last year, they did

not happen, they have been promised

again for the end of this year, the

date everyone is aiming at is the

23rd of December, deep suspicions

among a lot of people and observers

as to whether the President wants to

give up power.

It does not sound

like it.

Let's talk now to Jan

Egeland who arrived

in the Democratic Republic

of the Congo yesterday

and is the Secretary General

of the Norwegian Refugee Council

Hello and thank you for talking to

us. Can you hear me OK? Definitely

not. There is no phone line. I'm

sorry about that. He was hopefully

going to give you an insight into

the scale of the movement of people,

the displacement of people but not

to worry. Thank you so much. I am

told he is there, I am going to try

again. Yes, can you hear me? Thank

you so much for being so patient.

Thank you so much for talking to our

British audience. I wonder if you

could give us an insight into what

is going on, what you have

witnessed, having just arrived

there?

I am now in one of the

epicentre is of this horrific war on

the civilian population in the

Congo. This is in the south-east of

the Congo. There are 400,000

displaced people here, only the last

12 months, today I met with five

children, their husband was killed

in the communal violence by one of

the armed groups, they desperately

fled to camps, we are overwhelmed

because there are very few relief

organisations able to respond and we

are totally underfunded. This is a

forgotten crisis, this is one of the

worst crises on earth now and nobody

seems to focus on it really. It is

underfunded, it is under resourced

in all possible ways.

One of the

worst crises on earth, that is quite

a statement. Why aren't countries

doing more?

Can you hear me still?

I can, please

repeat. You said it was one of the

worst crises on earth, that is quite

a statement, why isn't the

international community doing more?

That is my main question also, why

are we not accepting that women and

children should have the same kind

of protection and basic assistance

as we try to deliver everything and

everywhere else in the world? I

think it's like people are used to

it being horrific in the Congo and

thought it could not get worse.

Well, it got twice as bad in 2017 as

it was before. Actually the last two

things, 16 and 17, it has become the

worst place, one of the worst places

on the planet for in forced

displacement, people having to flee

for their lives, really, and people

think it is impossible to help, but

it is not true. We are here, we need

resources, we can respond, we are

willing through courageous workers

to expand relief but then we need a

donor conference, we need more

donors, attention, we also need a

stronger partnership with the United

Nations.

Thank you so much for your

time. Secretary General of the

Norwegian Refugee Council who

arrived in the Democratic Republic

of Congo yesterday and you heard

from Ben Shepherd from the African

programme at Chatham House.

Oxfam is facing an enquiry into the

sex scandal involving its workers in

Haiti. We'll hear from one woman who

worked in the country in the

aftermath of the earthquake there.

Next, we will

hear from...

Will I Am who is best known

for his work with the Black Eyed

Peas and being a compassionate coach

on The Voice and this morning

in an extended interview he tells

us his real passion is education

and finding leaders of the future.

The singer also delivers his view

on Donald Trump, Brexit and tells us

why he loves Britain so much.

But we start with robots - and why

he's written a book about AI.

He was joined by his

co-author Brian Johnson.

I wanted to write a book,

because I like the ability to build

worlds and go deep and you know

when Brian was telling me the book

he wrote, it inspired me.

So I asked him if he wanted

to collaborate and we did that.

Brian, tell us what people can

expect from the book.

So it is a young adult model.

It's a futuristic action

adventure that centres around

a young female engineer.

She builds robots and finds herself

in the centre of this centuries long

battle between wizards

and robots and she's the key

to saving the world.

Right.

You are fascinated by robots,

by artificial intelligence

is my understanding.

Why?

Well, I started about ten years ago

with the school that I have

in the ghetto that I'm from.

I built an after school programme

where we teach our kids computer

science, robotics and engineering

and I see how it's changing not

only the lives of these

kids, but our community,

our community's changing.

The graduation rates are going up

and our kids are going to school,

four year colleges for

engineering and robotics and,

you know, so here's a new form

of technology that can help

solve people's problems,

when they don't have

to wait for somebody

to solve their problems for them.

So artificial intelligence is like

electricity and light for this

fourth industrial revolution.

So it's just a means to solve

problems, it's a tool.

So that to me is exciting

to encourage and enable

and empower people.

But you know that lots of people

think actually the progress of this

technology is actually going to take

people's jobs away from them,

what do you say to these critics?

I say the same thing happened

in 1918, the same fears

with the candlestick makers thought

that lights were going

to take their jobs.

Folks that make carriages

thought that cars were

going to take their jobs.

In actuality it created

more jobs and the jobs

are going to come from folks that

are using the technology

and imagine a world

that the folks are that

are responsible for jobs

today can't imagine.

It's you know a whole new era

and we have been through these types

of changes in the past.

So there's nothing

to be frightened of?

The only thing to be frightened

of is how governments

are not educating people.

That is the thing to

be concerned about.

You could say, oh, wow,

this technology is going to take

jobs away, meanwhile we're not

educating the youth.

I think we're worried

about the wrong thing actually.

Actually the people need

to remember that the technology

doesn't get to decide.

People get to decide.

Artificial intelligence

is built by people.

So, just like Will said,

we know this is coming,

we know this change is coming,

so let's harness it and use it

for good, but don't let that

future happen to you -

take action and do

something about it.

You you have launched a smart watch

and a couple of other gizmos,

if you don't mind me calling that.

Why is this an area you want

to venture in, are you thinking,

I'm going to compete with Samsung

and Apple in the future?

Actually I don't see it

as competing, I see it

as the why to the what.

What I'm doing is, I started

a company, five years ago

we had 300 employees,

we build artificial intelligence

voice operating systems that

you know Deutsche Telecom's coined

more efficient than IBM Watson,

that's why we are in

the market in Austria.

So that's a check mark of success.

More importantly, it is the why -

why am I doing that?

Because kids in the inner cities

have no one to model themselves

after around a course of science

technology, engineering

and mathematics.

So am I going to wait

for somebody else to do that?

Or am I going to make that

sacrifice and, you know,

risk failing in front of the whole

entire world in order to show kids

that this is the path forward?

If I can't do music while I tell

them to do science,

technology and mathematics,

that's hypocritical.

For us as you know adults to wave

one hand and say, you know...

You shouldn't do that,

while we don't provide

the opportunities for kids to move

forward, then we can't

be hypocritical.

I don't want to talk out

of both sides of my mouth.

Do you think you're more influential

as somebody who is passionate

about technology than as a musician

or as a writer or as

a talent show judge?

So here's the conductor,

a conductor has violins,

a piano, rhythm section, brass

and he's conducting an orchestra.

Every single piece of the pie is,

you know, important in what I do.

Music is music and without

technology, music wouldn't

be what it is today.

So if I'm up there judging

kids, not even judging,

coaching and encouraging,

if folks want to make music

their path, I'll do that.

If folks are confused and don't feel

the passion towards music,

but are interested in science,

I'm going to do that as well.

I'm going to do every single area

to encourage kids to be excellent.

There is enough time

in the day to be able

to do both, to do all,

here, here is an example of it.

Just do one thing, I don't know.

Do you just want to be

a television host?

No.

There we go!

You are, I'm going to ask

you about your television work,

because you are a

compassionate judge.

You're never rude, you always manage

to find the positive in anyone.

I don't know if you watched

any of the last series

of the X Factor, but the judges

were much, much kinder.

Are they copying you?

I just, no, they're not copying,

it is just the day and age we live

in with cyberbullying,

bombardment of media -

everything is just

harsh, harsh, harsh.

There's wars, there's

you know so much like...

You know spiritual warfare happening

that you have seen this cry

out of people's hearts

and trying their best

to encourage people to be better

versions of themselves.

I hope it continues.

So society's changing?

I hope so.

I hope so.

And I pray for that.

Who wants to live in a cruel world?

For likes and hearts and followers.

Bearing that in mind then,

you have really taken

Britain to your heart,

you love London, what do you think

of the sort of the public discourse

in this country generally,

particularly around

Brexit for example?

I love this country.

And the whole world

loves this country.

And as the world's, you know,

we have this global village,

the status quo, the powers that be,

folks that are comfortable the way

they live their lives,

you know, are concerned.

Is their life going to be altered

when people are coming in?

You start to have a

different perspective,

not everything is harmful.

And the thing like I said

that we need to be focused

on is education, how do we make

sure our kids are

leaders of tomorrow?

How do we make sure our country -

whether it's America

or, you know, the UK - are leading?

And you're leading when you invite.

You're leading

when people are a part of it.

You know, Singapore is...

Less than 60 years old actually and

I don't know, I could live there.

There's places in China, like,

it's inviting and it's

becoming more inviting.

We might wake up 20 years from now

and nobody wants to come to the UK.

Would you ever move to Britain?

Yeah, I'm practically here every

year, six months a year.

But I'm telling you,

for you out there, China's

looking really nice now.

Hong Kong's looking really amazing,

Singapore's looking really

fresh and they're, like, hey,

come here and work with us.

As a matter of fact,

this camera here that we are filming

on is made in China.

The iPhone, everything that we have

on us is made over there.

It's looking really fresh.

There are down sides, though,

people would say of China,

human rights abuses,

lack of democracy, stuff

that perhaps we take for granted.

That is the past, I would

say come out forward.

When you're moving forward

and you're opening your doors

and borders, you're going to change

how you do things,

when you close your doors,

you go back to yesterday.

I'm not saying, I'm

not a politician.

No.

But I love this country and want

the things that I love to be able

to sustain themselves

and have a place tomorrow.

You will know that politicians that

voted to leave are saying,

we're not closing our doors,

what we are choosing to do

is actually control immigration?

Yeah, that's important, while you do

that, let's educate the youth.

Before the US presidential election

you said, "Trump would be

a disaster for America,

but for the world as well."

What do you think of

that prediction now?

Well, this is heavy.

We have got this book out

about wizards and robots!

I know, but you must

remember saying that!

It's a big world

and it's complicated.

And technology's moving fast.

And if you're leading the world,

you have got to think

about everyone, including your own.

More so your own.

I don't see education

changing in America.

I didn't see it...

I didn't see it change

for in a long time.

I don't know the answers

to what you're asking me.

I know the heart.

I know how I feel.

Do you feel he has been

a disaster for America so far?

I know how I feel when I travel

when I see how people react to it.

I see how, I see people and...

How they feel about America

right now because of it.

How they feel about America

right now because of it.

And how they question,

how can you have a leader like that?

Or you guys are idiots for...

Putting up with something like that,

the inhumane ways that he looks

at females and how can you tolerate

you know Nazism and, yeah,

there is a lot of stuff.

But like I said, that

is a heavy question.

That's a long conversation.

But what can you do about it

other than just focussing

on your community that you come

from and make sure that

your community's OK?

If we all do a little bit of that,

everything's going to be all right

and you know if you do that,

Trump will take credit for it.

Which is cool.

I don't care.

I just want to see

awesome results, right?

OK.

I want to ask you finally

if I may about the state

of the music industry.

We have had the Me Too campaign,

the Time's Up campaign that's

focused on Hollywood and acting,

do you think sexism

and inappropriate behaviour

is as prolific in the music industry

towards women and some men?

Entertainment as a whole.

After this break,

you're going to see

a commercial and the commercial

you're going to see

throughout the day is sexist.

They see women as sex objects.

It's entertainment as a whole.

You're going to watch

the Victoria Secrets awards

at the same time as you talk

about you know women empowerment.

It is hypocritical.

Every way you look at it.

I think it's a society as a whole

that we have to reflect on.

It is not just music.

It's not Hollywood.

It is even in tech.

It is even in politics.

What is crazy is it is in politics

and there is politicians that

still stay in their seats.

It's in...

It's in religion.

It's what you know...

The unthinkable things happen

to little boys in religion.

It is everywhere actually.

Humanity has issues actually

and it's a hot topic

right now for the news.

We could talk about it and sell some

commercials after and that is kind

of weird to me actually if you think

about it, that is why I say

education, education, education,

because the solution

to all our problems

is a well educated society.

OK.

Musically, what are you doing next?

Musically is an app.

Actually it isn't!

My youngest son uses

it and loves it.

Black Eyed Peas, we just released

a virtual reality platform with...

occulists and so virtual reality

is an amazing platform for folks

to create in and create these

experiences and these worlds.

We scored it with Hans Zimmer

and we have an alternative

reality book with Marvel,

the same story told.

So that's what we do

with Black Eyed Peas.

I think right now's

the time to invent,

there is awesome tools and AI

is an amazing tool as well and this

book with the robots is about that -

robotics, artificial intelligence

and I'm so proud of this thing,

it took six years to make.

Brian and I were working

at Intel at the time.

This guy blows my mind with his way

of looking at the world, projecting

what might happen based on

probability, when we were in an

think-tank at Intel ad was super

inspired about all things tomorrow

and concerned about all things

tomorrow, the investment for

artificial intelligence at ways the

investment but human intelligence

and that brought concerns, those

concerns were, we wrap them around

fantasy and build this amazing world

and amazing story, check it out its

number ten right now in all books on

Amazon which is really great. We

could use your help to get it going,

get it to the top of the charts.

You

brought it back round to the book

and thank you so much for talking

about other subjects, you have a lot

to say and it's good to hear.

Brian,

thank you.

Thank you. That's a good

interview.

You are really good, but

put me on the spot.

You can handle

it. Will I Am and Brian David

Johnson's book is out right now.

This bureau says Will I Am for

President, a man who chooses to do

good with his fame. Abbey adores

him, she says I have somewhat love

and respect for him. Thank you for

those. News and sport on the way.

Before that, the weather. It is

freezing, again.

Yesterday brought sunshine, today

brings cold, very wintry across some

parts of the UK. Lou is where it has

been raining, white is where it has

been snowing, turning heavier and

crossed north-east England and

Scotland, that will impact travel

especially across higher roots.

Getting better. In the South

outbreaks of rain, strong winds

touching gale force around the

coast, becoming confined to the east

of things and later, the West of the

UK will see a lot more sunshine this

afternoon, still cold. Temperatures

are around 4-8d at best. Similar to

yesterday, without sunshine. The

cloud across East event and breaking

up, plunging temperatures across

much of the country, widespread

frost and the rain, sleet and snow

turning icy, cold air in place,

another system pushing from the

West, snow tomorrow, mainly limited

to the hills, northern England, the

far north of Scotland, across much

of Scotland, lower levels, turning

to rain, fairly cloudy, damp and

windy, writer in the west later,

temperatures reaching double

figures.

Thank you.

Thank you.

Hello, it's Tuesday, it's 10

o'clock, I'm Victoria Derbyshire...

Our top story today...

The Commonwealth has secretly begun

considering who might succeed

the Queen as its head -

it won't automatically be passed

on to Prince Charles

on the Queen's death.

We'll bring you the story.

Also on the programme -

you're seven times more likely

to have a gambling problem as a man.

This man has lost millions

of pounds in gambling

Of course I used to boast on how

much I lost, I lost three months

income on the turn of a card in a

poker game. This is not something I

should be proud of.

We'll be speaking

to a former addict.

If it's a problem for you -

do get in touch.

Plus - should he stay

or should he go.

An ultimatum has been given

the South Africa President Jacob

Zuma by his own party this morning.

It's very hard to find real

supporters of Jacob Zuma even in his

former stronghold, to find

supporters now.

We'll look at a legacy

of allegations of corruption.

Good morning.

Here's Rachel Schofield

in the BBC Newsroom

with a summary of todays news.

Thank you and good morning.

BBC News has learned

that the Commonwealth has begun

considering who might succeed

the Queen as the head

of the organisation.

Member states could choose anyone

as the ceremonial leader,

as the role is not hereditary.

The BBC has been told 53 member

states have established a high level

group of independent figures to look

at the way the Commonwealth

is governed.

It will meet for the first

time today in London.

UK consumer price inflation

remained at 3% in January,

the same level seen in December.

The rate, reported by the Office

for National Statistics,

is close to the six-year high

of 3.1% set in November.

Most economists were expecting a

small fall to 2.9%.

South Africa's ruling party has

made an official demand

for President Jacob Zuma to step

down, after a 13-hour meeting

with leading figures

from the African National Congress.

Mr Zuma has been the head

of state since 2009,

but his time in office has been

overshadowed by

corruption allegations.

It is unclear how he will respond

to the formal request to resign.

A new tool to fight online extremist

activity is being unveiled

by the Home Secretary

during a trip to the US.

It aims to detect content

and remove it instantly.

Funded with more than

half a million pounds

of government money,

the tool draws upon a vast

database of material posted

by the so-called Islamic State.

The Home Secretary Amber Rudd

will meet with tech companies

to discuss the software -

as well as other efforts

to tackle extremism.

Two teenagers have been arrested

on suspicion of murder

after a six-week-old baby

died in Southampton.

Police were called to

a home in Defender Road

in Peartree on Sunday after reports

of a baby boy needing

medical attention.

The child was taken

to Southampton General Hospital

where he was pronounced dead

a short time later.

An 18-year-old woman

and a 16-year-old boy were arrested

and are being held in custody.

That's a summary of the latest BBC

News - more at 10.30.

Before the sports news -

let me show you this video

from Robotics company

Boston Dynamics

Have a look at this any moment now.

It's coming...

I find that rather sinister, I don't

know why. Weird! The robots are

Illya going to take over the world,

quite a few of you pointing out the

similarity to that dog and the one

in the episode of black murder. --

robots are really going to take over

the world.

Here's some sport now with Holly.

Elise Christie has been competing in

short track speed skating, the

quarterfinal, David Ornstein is our

correspondent in Pyeongchang. A

great result, we've then watching

it, tell us what happened.

Good news

for Team GB and Elise Christie,

safely through to the semifinals of

the 500 metre short track speed

skating. This was the first event

she raced in in Sochi four years ago

and that was the start of the

disaster, she won silver in the 500

metres but later disqualified, the

first of three disqualifications in

all her events, she ended up

receiving death threats from South

Koreans having taken up one of their

athletes and we hear that thing you

Olympic record for her in the

quarterfinal, she did not lead from

the front but got herself out top

and won comfortably in a new Olympic

record. She's the world

record-holder espied this is not

being her favourite event, but as

the 1000 metres, her final event and

she races in the 1500 bidders before

then. The semifinal will be at 11am

UK time and the final just after 12

noon UK time, looking good for Elise

Christie and Team GB as they search

for the first gold medal at these

Pyeongchang Winter Olympics, the

first medal at all, I should say.

Absolutely, David, she looks well on

track, we will keep across that and

thank you for the moment. As David

said shortly after 11am the

semifinals. England's up of reaching

the G20 tri- Nations final and by a

thread after they were beaten by New

Zealand in Wellington. New Zealand

put into bat, Martyn Williams and

Kane Williamson in control. Regular

wickets saw England fall short of

the New Zealand total of 196. It

means they lost all three in the

tri- series and need Australia to

beat New Zealand in their next game

to stand any chance of making the

final. Antonio Conte has praised the

club's fans for sticking by him

after a comfortable win over West

Brom last night. Eden Hazard scored

twice in the 3-0 victory at Stamford

Bridge, a resort that eases the

pressure on the manager after two

successive losses to Bournemouth and

Watford, putting them back in the

top four, a point above Tottenham.

It has all been happening Victoria,

we will keep across the action from

Pyeongchang online and on BBC Radio

5 Live, and we will keep you abreast

of Elise Christie's progress as she

continues after 11am.

Thank you.

Good morning, it's Tuesday morning,

welcome to the programme.