24/01/2013 BBC World News


24/01/2013

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Hello. This is BBC World News. Our top stories: North Korea plans more

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nuclear tests and long-range rocket launches, in spite of the

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tightening of UN sanctions. The prosecution has begun its case

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against five men accused of the murder and gang rape of a medical

:00:21.:00:25.

student aboard a bus in Delhi. France cautions the Mali army,

:00:25.:00:28.

after reports of execution-style killings, while David Cameron calls

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for further action to tackle extremism.

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I believe we are in the midst of a long struggle against murderous

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terrorists, and a poisonous ideology that supports them.

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And, a miracle survivor, as a baby girl crawled away from this crash

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China is calling on all sides to show restraint, after North Korea

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ratcheted up the rhetoric on its nuclear weapons programme. Angered

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by a UN Security Council resolution earlier this week, the North

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Koreans are threatening to carry out a third nuclear test. Six weeks

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after it launched a long-range rockets and a day after perceiving

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extra United Nations sanctions, North Korea has raised the stakes

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with the news it would carried out a third nuclear test.

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State television made the announcement, saying North Korea

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was locked in a war of confrontation with its peoples arch

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enemy, the United States. It rocket launchers and nuclear tests were

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all carried out with the US in mind. That has given the US envoy

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something to talk about, he has just arrived in the region to talk

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to South Korea, Japan and China about relations. Another nuclear

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test, he said, would be highly provocative. Whether they will test,

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we hope they will not, we call on them not to do anything. We want to

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try to find a solution to these long-standing problems which have

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prevented the peninsula from becoming United. I take it is

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important they do not test. North Korea has proved resistant to

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sanctions and not to run its main ally China has been able to stop

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its young leader from showcasing his country's military might. This

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time, the north has described the test as high level, a sign perhaps

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it is moving forward with a new uranium based nuclear programme

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which it revealed in 2010. Here in South Korea, officials have been

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watching the preparations closely. Most analysts believe it hasn't yet

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been able to make a nuclear device small enough to fit on a wall head,

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but each successful Test and each successful rocket launch brings it

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a step closer to its goal. The question is, if sanctions do not

:03:17.:03:27.
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work, what its neighbours and allies can do to stop it.

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China is calling on all sides to show restraint after North Korea

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has ratcheted up the rhetoric on this. I spoke to an expert, Mark

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Fitzpatrick. It was expected North Korea would

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respond aggressively to a Security Council action, whatever the

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council said, North Korea would be expected to do something. I expect

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they probably will follow through with a third nuclear test.

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How worried will the United States be about this? We are all worried

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about a third nuclear test. The second one was a partial fizzle, if

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they do a third one, they might perfect putting it on top of a

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missile which could hit South Korea, not the United States yet, but

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eventually. Neighbours to North Korea will be most concerned.

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heard about talks continuing, how much pressure can China put on the

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north? Its influence is limited. North Korea does not want to be

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beholden to anyone, even though China is the greatest supplier and

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trader and investor. North Korea is now saying, six party talks, no.

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There is not much prospect of diplomacy in the near future.

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you think this is a physical worry? It is a worried that North Korea is

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likely to go ahead with a third nuclear test, we have seen

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preparations from satellite images. Prosecution lawyers have begun

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their case against the men accused of the gang rape and murder of a

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23-year-old student in Delhi. Five of the suspects arrived on Thursday

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under heavy security at the fast- track court. A sixth will be tried

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as a juvenile. The death of the 23- year-old student has led to

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protests across India, at the way rape cases are dealt with. An

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official review on Wednesday recommended wide-ranging reforms of

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the legal system. Our India correspondent Sanjoy

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Majumder is following the trial and joins us now from Delhi.

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This is one of the most closely watched trials in India, but where

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so little information is available on what actually takes place in

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court. This is a closed trial. The men were brought in by a special

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police banned under tight security, taken into the court room.

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Proceedings lasted a couple of hours. The prosecution lawyers

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began their arguments and we believe the defence will respond on

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Monday. Tomorrow it is a public holiday in India. Then, the weekend.

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This is especially fast track caught with daily hearings. The

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media asked the judge to brief them on what it place in the court but

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the judge is adamant, it cannot be reported by the media. What level

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of confidence do people have there? We have had ongoing protests. The

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problem is immense, over a huge geographical area. Different areas

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of legal jurisprudence. The -- is very real change coming? Yesterday,

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we had a very comprehensive list of recommendations from a government

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panel, three members, headed by a former Chief Justice, two other

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experts. They received 80,000 suggestions from the public,

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women's groups, people around the world. The list is extensive,

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changes to the law to make sentences far stronger in cases of

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rape, widening the definition of what constitutes sexual assault.

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Two things they did point out, they said the existing laws are strong

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and work well, but the implementation let people down, the

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government, police system and judicial system have always let the

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victims down. And changes needed to attitude, a lot of people including

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police, judges, need to change the way debut women and victims of rape

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which until now has been heavily loaded against them. A change in

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mind set which will take a lot of doing.

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Let's take a look at some other stories from around the world.

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The Palestinians have threatened to take legal action against Israel at

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the International Criminal Court, if it goes ahead with plans to

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build new Jewish settlements on occupied areas east of Jerusalem.

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Palestinian Foreign Minister Riad Malki told the UN Security Council

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his government would take legal action, if the newly-elected

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Israeli government goes ahead with a plan approved by the outgoing

:09:09.:09:11.

administration. General John Allen will be

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nominated as NATO's new supreme commander in Europe, after being

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cleared of misconduct in exchanging emails with a Florida socialite.

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The flirtatious messages from General Allen, currently the senior

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American commander in Afghanistan, came to light during a broader

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scandal which brought down the CIA director David Petraeus.

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Two Californian men are suing the disgraced American cyclist, Lance

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Armstrong, and his publishers, for fraud over the marketing of his

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memoirs as non-fiction. The complaint was filed just a few days

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after Armstrong admitted on television that he had used

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performance-enhancing drugs in all seven of his Tour de France wins.

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The lawsuit claims Armstrong deceived readers of his 2001 best

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seller in which he credited his Tour de France wins to training,

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diet and drive, while denying he ever used banned substances.

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France has warned Mali to rein in its soldiers, after Malian troops

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were accused of carrying out summary executions during their

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joint campaign against Islamist rebels. A Paris-based human rights

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group says Malian government soldiers have carried out at least

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30 execution-style killings in the past two weeks. France has sent

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2,000 troops to Mali, to help the fight against the rebels.

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A few hours ago, the British prime minister, David Cameron, reiterated

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his support for that French force in Mali. He was speaking at the

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World Economic Forum in Davos. The French are right to act in Mali,

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and I back that action. Not just with words but with lid is a core

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support as well. -- logistical. But we need to combine a tough security

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response with an intelligent political response. We need to

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address the poisonous narrative these terrorists feed on, close

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down the ungoverned space in which they thrive. And deal with the

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grievances they use to garner support.

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Most of Prime Minister's speech at Davos this morning was about tax,

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and David Cameron has had some very tough things to say about tax

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evaders and tax avoiders. Speaking to the great and the good at the

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World Economic Forum, he pointedly said multi-nationals need to listen

:10:59.:11:04.

to the public on tax or, as he put it, "wake up and smell the coffee".

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Simon Jack is in Davos to tell us more.

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A really interesting message, he was saying he was business-friendly,

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and yet his banking colleagues were urging him to clampdown on tax

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avoidance. He was saying he is a low tax conservative. But the only

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way you can have lower taxes is if everyone pays them and he had stern

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words for multinationals using complex structures to drive down

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their tax bill. He made a thinly veiled reference to Starbucks which

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was shamed into paying, even though what they did was perfectly legal.

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He said tax avoidance could not be acceptable morally even if it was

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legal. David Cameron is seen in this

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country from a privileged background, representing a party to

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the centre and right. It is a different -- difficult message.

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Difficult to see how he can get international consensus. Everyone

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wants to lower their own taxes to make them more attractive. He

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boasted the UK had some of the lowest tax rates in Europe. If you

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raise your tax rates, it drives away business. He said he would use

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his presidency of the g eight to tackle this, using a concerted

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approach. Calling on people at this conference to follow him. Take a

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look at these remarkable pictures, showing how a baby survived being

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thrown into the path of an oncoming lorry in Russia. Amateur video

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propped on a dashboard captured this accident in Novgorod, east of

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Moscow. As the car skidded, it smashed into a lorry, tearing open

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the back of the vehicle. A baby girl was flung out of the back

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window and into the oncoming traffic. Another large truck only

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just managed to swerve out of the way. The girl was trying to crawl

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onto all fours when her father rushed to her safety. Police say

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the one year old is OK, but that she was not belted into a child car

:13:19.:13:29.
:13:29.:13:47.

At least three men are charged with creating the world's most

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financially destructive computer virus.

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And we ask why me of women smoking today are more likely to die of

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lung cancer than they were decades A French woman sentenced to 60

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years in jail in Mexico's on her way home after being set free by

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the Supreme Court. Her former boyfriend was the member of a

:14:11.:14:21.
:14:21.:14:23.

They were the words Florence Cassez has been hoping for since 2005.

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Given the serious irregularities in the legal process against her, the

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Supreme Court judges ruled she should be immediately released from

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a 60 year prison sentence she received as an alleged member of a

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kidnapping gang. The case of Florence Cassez was controversial

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from the start. After being detained in December 2005, she was

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denied consular assistance before the authorities staged a televised

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police raid on the ranch where she had been staying with her boyfriend.

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Three hostages were found at the site, but Florence Cassez denied

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being part of a kidnap gang. The Mexican justice system ignored her

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claims, and sentenced her to almost 100 years in prison, reduced to 60

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on appeal. But that television montage and other questions over

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the legal process have led to her release. For her supporters and

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family back home, it is a moment to savour.

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TRANSLATION: I am full of joy. I still can't believe it. Until the

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last moment, I was saying to myself, she will probably get a retrial.

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It will doubtless help ease the strained diplomatic ties between

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France and Mexico over the case, too. Former French President

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Nicolas Sarkozy championed Florence Cassez's case, and clashed

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repeatedly with the administration of his Mexican counterpart, Filipe

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Calderon. Since then, new governments have been elected in

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Mexico and France, and both sides were keen to put the issue behind

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them. Her release is not universally welcomed, though. One

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of the hostages, who testified against Florence Cassez, said she

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received special treatment as a foreigner, and called the Mexican

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justice system fell. But as one of Mexico's most high-profile legal

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disputes draws to a close, the country's are looking forward to it

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resumed diplomatic relations, and Florence Cassez is looking forward

:16:28.:16:38.
:16:38.:16:42.

This is BBC World News. The latest headlines: North Korea warns of

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more nuclear tests and long-range rocket launchers, responding to

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what it calls its American arch- enemy. And the prosecution has

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begun its case against five men accused of a murder and gang rape

:16:53.:16:57.

of a medical student on board a bus in Delhi.

:16:57.:17:01.

Three people have been charged in the United States with creating a

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computer virus to steal millions of dollars from people's bank accounts.

:17:06.:17:10.

The Gozi virus infected a million computers around the world, and it

:17:10.:17:14.

was used to steal people's bank details. Prosecutors are calling it

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a modern day bank robbery. Dr Thomas Rid, an expert on cyber

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crime, spoke to me earlier. It was not just one bank robbery. It was

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many bank robberies at the same time. And they hacked into of which

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group? They hacked into private customers' bank accounts. And they

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provided other criminals with the means to do so. And the virus

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affected millions of computers around the world, including Nasa's

:17:48.:17:55.

computers, too. They broke into bank accounts of private

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individuals, bank customers. So how do safeguard against this? How many

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groups could there be doing similar things? They could be more, but we

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don't know how many. It is important to recognise that they

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hacked not into the bank itself but actually into your computer at home.

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That is the weak link. And what do they do? There are many ways for

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them to hack into your computer, so it is difficult to generalise here.

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But you can do a couple of things to keep your money safe. One is to

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keep your operating system at home up to date, keep your browser up-

:18:31.:18:38.

to-date, and also you have to have a healthy amount of distrust.

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Whenever anybody contacted by phone or e-mail, be very sceptical.

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Thomas Rid. You have been told, be very careful, he says, on your bank

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details. Now to Egypt. News of a collapsed

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building is all too frequent there. Already this week a 75-year-old

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woman was among those killed when a house caved in in Old Cairo. Last

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week, 28 people were killed when an apartment block collapsed. The BBC

:19:08.:19:12.

has been to Alexandria to find out why the problem has got so much

:19:12.:19:19.

worse since the revolution. The clothes may still hang on the

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bedroom wall, but the building and the people who were inside it are

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all gone. This eight-storey apartment block collapsed early in

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the morning, and ours, body after body was pulled out. Men, women,

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children. But news like this barely has an impact in Egypt any more.

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Alexandria has a particularly bad record. Every year, engineers say,

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around 20 buildings collapse in this city alone, and many lives are

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lost. Muhammad knows all about that. He was made an orphan when a

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building collapsed last summer. They happened to find him wandering

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around the site where his home once stood. He told us a huge Tatar was

:20:08.:20:13.

being built illegally next door, and his family had complained. Then

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he describes how the new building toppled over. It crushed his home

:20:18.:20:25.

and smashed into two other blocks. 21 people died. My family were on

:20:25.:20:29.

the ground floor, he says. It took a day to find the bodies. Now most

:20:29.:20:34.

of the time I am just in the streets.

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We found out the new building going up where his house was also has no

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licence. That has become the norm here.

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Right across this city, it is easy to find buildings like these that

:20:48.:20:52.

look like they are on the verge of collapse. We have seen some leaning

:20:52.:20:57.

alarmingly. Many have already been condemned, but we are told by

:20:57.:21:00.

locals that when the police come, the building's owner gives them a

:21:01.:21:05.

bribe and they go away. Alexandria is a resort where

:21:05.:21:08.

building taller and taller is something greedy developers can't

:21:08.:21:12.

resist. All the signs are, while things were bad before, there has

:21:12.:21:18.

been more illegal building since the revolution. There is a

:21:18.:21:26.

combination of administrative corruption, greed and ignorance,

:21:26.:21:32.

and the grip of lawn mower is more lose than before. The authorities

:21:32.:21:35.

say that they are dealing with it, but dangerous buildings are not

:21:35.:21:42.

being pulled down. We found four towers, or leaning in different

:21:42.:21:47.

directions, all occupied. The poor, who have little choice, are risking

:21:47.:21:52.

their lives in hundreds of buildings with imminent danger of

:21:52.:21:56.

collapse. Scientists have announced plans to

:21:56.:21:59.

resume controversial research on creating a mutated highly

:21:59.:22:07.

contagious form of the h five m one bird flu virus. There has been a

:22:07.:22:10.

ban on research over fears that the virus could escape or fall into the

:22:10.:22:14.

hands of terrorists. But the Dutch and American scientists involved so

:22:15.:22:24.
:22:25.:22:25.

that start in the project is vital The bird flu virus has killed 360

:22:25.:22:30.

people since 2003. They got infected after contact with birds.

:22:30.:22:34.

At the moment, the virus cannot pass from human to human, but that

:22:34.:22:38.

is the scenario health officials dread. So the news that scientists

:22:38.:22:43.

had created an airborne version of this pathogen in the laboratory was

:22:43.:22:47.

met with shock. And with concerns over containment, the scientists

:22:47.:22:52.

put the research on hold. But one year on, they say they are ready to

:22:52.:22:59.

resume their work. They claim that the laboratories made the highest

:22:59.:23:06.

safety standards, and finding the mutation is needed to help with

:23:06.:23:11.

surveillance and vaccines. But some other researchers say that these

:23:11.:23:14.

benefits are and weighed by the risks, and want the ban to stay in

:23:15.:23:19.

place. Even though the risk of the virus escaping his tiny, if it did,

:23:19.:23:23.

the consequences could be catastrophic. Despite this, the

:23:24.:23:27.

researchers say they are ready to return to the lab, and will be

:23:27.:23:31.

starting their work in the next few weeks.

:23:32.:23:35.

More science, because women who smoke have a much greater risk of

:23:35.:23:42.

dying from lung cancer, according to new research from America. This

:23:42.:23:45.

is partly because women are starting younger and smoking more

:23:45.:23:50.

than they used to. Dominic Hughes said it was an extensive study.

:23:50.:23:53.

There are a number of things going on in this study which looked at

:23:53.:23:56.

the health of more than 2 million people in the United States, and

:23:56.:24:01.

covered the period from 1959-2010, so it was looking at a huge number

:24:01.:24:05.

of people over a long period of time, so it is a pretty reliable

:24:05.:24:09.

study. One of the big things going on is that the general health of

:24:09.:24:13.

the nation has improved massively over the last 50 years, but the

:24:13.:24:17.

health of smokers has not kept pace with that. What they are saying is

:24:18.:24:23.

that women who started smoking in the 1960s, they roughly ran the

:24:23.:24:28.

risk of about three times compared to their non-smoking counterparts

:24:28.:24:33.

of developing diseases like lung cancer. Fast-forward to the decade

:24:33.:24:36.

between 20021010, and that risk of developing lung cancer for women

:24:36.:24:42.

who smoked had leapt to about 25 times higher than the non-smokers.

:24:42.:24:47.

What they think might be happening is that women are starting younger

:24:47.:24:53.

and smoking more heavily, and they also suggest that the marketing of

:24:53.:24:58.

low-tar or light a cigarette towards women means that they are

:24:58.:25:02.

smoking at heavier rates, but also taking the smoke in deeper into

:25:02.:25:05.

their lungs to get the same nicotine hit that they always

:25:05.:25:11.

needed, and that is causing increased damage. Any research as

:25:12.:25:16.

to why these behaviour patterns are changing? Why are they smoking

:25:16.:25:21.

more? They are mimicking the way that men have smoked. Women didn't

:25:21.:25:24.

really start smoking in greater numbers until the Fifties and

:25:24.:25:29.

Sixties, but we are seeing now, 50 years later, that the impact of

:25:29.:25:34.

that is coming home to roost. Women who smoke like men will die like

:25:34.:25:39.

men, they say. There has been a cold snap in the

:25:39.:25:45.

US, and in some parts, it is colder than the North Pole. It is actually

:25:45.:25:50.

worse in the US. Have a look at these pictures from the coast of

:25:50.:25:56.

Michigan. The extremely low temperatures have turned this light

:25:56.:26:00.

house into something resembling a massive icicle. Residents are

:26:01.:26:03.

bracing further freezing temperatures to continue for a few

:26:04.:26:13.

more days yet. Amazing pictures. And a reminder of our top stories

:26:13.:26:17.

today. China is calling for restraint after North Korea

:26:17.:26:22.

ratcheted up the tension over its nuclear weapons programme. North

:26:23.:26:27.

Korea says it will carry out another nuclear test, and further

:26:27.:26:30.

rocket launches, as a direct response to the tightening of the

:26:30.:26:33.

United Nations sanctions. North Korea says it is not seeking to

:26:33.:26:36.

hide the fact that various satellite and long-range rocket

:26:36.:26:43.

tests were being carried out, with Pyongyang's principal enemy, the

:26:43.:26:49.

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