28/01/2013 BBC World News


28/01/2013

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Hello. Our top stories: Funerals are due to begin for some of those

:00:12.:00:18.

killed in the Brazil nightclub fire. More than 230 are confirmed dead.

:00:18.:00:23.

Most weres. French-led troops in Mali secure the airport in Timbuktu

:00:24.:00:29.

before an operation to re-take the town from militants A fifth day of

:00:29.:00:34.

violence in Egypt, after President Morsi called for dialogue to

:00:34.:00:41.

restore national unity. Plus, two centuries of Pride and Prejudice.

:00:41.:00:49.

The book Jane Austen described as "her own darling child, celebrates

:00:49.:00:59.
:00:59.:01:05.

And we start in Brazil, which has declared three days of national

:01:05.:01:11.

mourning after the nightclub fire in which 230 people, mainly

:01:11.:01:15.

students, died. Grieving relatives have begun the grim process of

:01:15.:01:20.

identifying their loved ones. These are live pictures from inside the

:01:20.:01:25.

gym where dozens of coffins are laid out in the city of Santa Maria.

:01:25.:01:33.

The first funerals are due to begin shortly. Inside these coffins, the

:01:33.:01:41.

bodies of the young people of Santa Maria. Lives cut short by the worst

:01:41.:01:46.

nightclub fire in over a decade. Relatives listen anxiously. Many

:01:46.:01:51.

don't know whether their loved ones are among the hundreds who perished.

:01:51.:01:56.

One of the most popular discos t Kiss nightclub was packed with

:01:56.:02:03.

young party goers. A flare set off on stage by the band lit the blaze.

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Thick smoke filled the club and people rushed for the one exit

:02:07.:02:13.

which was open. Amateur video shows survivors and workers dragging

:02:13.:02:18.

people out of the smoke. The building's fire safety license

:02:18.:02:22.

expired last year and the owners are being called in by the police

:02:22.:02:27.

to give testimony. Only one has appeared so far. Officials say an

:02:27.:02:31.

investigation is under way into the cause of the disaster. Aware that

:02:31.:02:35.

the world's eyes are on Brazil ahead of the World Cup and the

:02:35.:02:39.

Olympics in the next few years. As the details of the tragedy are

:02:40.:02:49.
:02:50.:02:54.

becoming clearer, the national I asked about the emotional impact

:02:54.:02:59.

this disaster is now having on the country. At this moment, the

:02:59.:03:03.

country is pretty much caught up in a horrible mourning and sadness.

:03:03.:03:10.

The news is still sinking in. The investigating efforts are kick-

:03:10.:03:13.

starting. Some questions coming up are, how is it possible something

:03:13.:03:18.

like that happened? What could have been done to avoid it? One of the

:03:18.:03:22.

owners of the club was at the police station last night and he

:03:22.:03:26.

admitted that the license of the club to operate expired last

:03:26.:03:30.

December and the fire department has also informed that the fire

:03:30.:03:34.

security license of the club was also expired last August. So the

:03:34.:03:38.

question now is, what could have been done to have avoided this

:03:38.:03:44.

tragedy? What can be done in the towure to make sure it doesn't

:03:44.:03:48.

happen again? How fire are fire certification regulations and also

:03:48.:03:53.

adhere rapbs to them? Well, the standards are international. You

:03:53.:03:59.

have to have a fire licence to operate any venue. As I was saying,

:03:59.:04:03.

it is pretty much international standard. Brazil is a big, big

:04:03.:04:08.

country N the capital cities like Rio and even the capital, you would

:04:08.:04:12.

see lots of efforts to enforce these laws and regulations. The

:04:12.:04:15.

problem is that to keep track of everything that is going on in such

:04:15.:04:21.

a big country, it is really, really difficult. What do you think the

:04:21.:04:27.

effect is going to be on the psych ki of the country. It is such a

:04:27.:04:32.

fun- -loving country. People love go -- fun-loving country. People

:04:32.:04:38.

love going to clubs. Brazil is known for its easy nature and we do

:04:38.:04:43.

enjoy partying. I think, for a couple of weeks or maybe months,

:04:43.:04:47.

people will be a little bit weary and not really want to go out to

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celebrate that much. I don't foresee a sense of a fear of going

:04:52.:04:56.

out to clubs annual everything. This is pretty much an exception.

:04:56.:05:05.

The emotions in Brazil. France says it is liberating Mali, as it puts

:05:05.:05:10.

it, little by little. France has taken control of timbubg -- French

:05:10.:05:15.

troops have taken control of tick buck tue airport. Operations are

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under way to re-- Timbuktu airport. Operations are underway.

:05:23.:05:29.

I asked Thomas Fessy, who is in Bamako about the advance of the

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French troops. Well, very little information is coming out of

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Timbuktu for the simple reason that they are cut off. It has been like

:05:39.:05:45.

that for days now. The little information we have is that the

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French managed to get hold of the airport and to secure the airport

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with the Malian forces last night. Some paratroopers, French

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paratroopers and Malian soldiers were deployed overnight and were

:06:03.:06:11.

trying to find a way into town at dawn. We expect these troops to

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enter the town. Whether they are facing resistance - that is the

:06:17.:06:22.

main question mark, as we speak, from residents that I was able to

:06:22.:06:28.

get on the line, who fled Timbuktu just a couple of days ago, fearing

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some fighting. I was told that on Saturday, only two days ago,

:06:35.:06:45.
:06:45.:06:45.

Islamist militants were still in town. What about the way in which

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this is being done? The French troops will be abiding by the

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principals of warfare. There are reports that the Malllyian forces

:06:56.:07:01.

have been involved in some very unpleasant acts, which have been

:07:01.:07:07.

violating prisoners and killing them. Yes, exactly. There are

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worrying signs of potential revenge attacks and reprisal attacks, in

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fact, against certain ethnic communities or people accused of

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having collaborate -- collaborated with Islamist militants. This is a

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concern which is growing north, as the Malian army is now entering

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little by little these towns which are re-captured, mainly by the

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French military. An officer did tell me that they were putting

:07:44.:07:48.

pressure on the Malllyian authorities, they were doing

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everything possible to make sure these kind of acts wouldn't be

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repeated. Again, the French military officer said, we don't

:07:58.:08:03.

have eyes behind our heads, so we cannot know exactly what is

:08:03.:08:11.

happening when we leave. Thomas Fessy there in Bamako.

:08:11.:08:14.

Egypt's Cabinet has approved a draft law, giving the Army the

:08:14.:08:19.

right to arrest civilians. Detainees would go to a civilian,

:08:19.:08:22.

not military court. Overnight President Morsi appealed to the

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opposition to join him for talks, that is after a fifth day of

:08:26.:08:30.

violence. 49 people are known to have died since Friday. This

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morning there have been more demonstrations in Cairo. Police are

:08:34.:08:38.

fired tear gas at protestors who were throwing rocks. President

:08:38.:08:42.

Morsi has warned he'll take more action if violence continues. Let's

:08:42.:08:48.

go live now to Cairo and to our correspondent. First of all, this

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reported change, or at least modification of what the Army can

:08:53.:08:59.

do if there are civilians on the streets. That's right. It's an

:08:59.:09:03.

extension of the powers of the military. Already we have seen the

:09:03.:09:08.

military, perhaps controversially, come back on the streets,

:09:08.:09:11.

particularly in Port Said on the Suez Canal in the past couple of

:09:12.:09:17.

days, in an effort to restore the security there. After President

:09:17.:09:22.

Morsi announced that this state of emergency would stay in place in

:09:22.:09:27.

Port Said and two other cities, perhaps it was inevitable that

:09:27.:09:30.

these powers would be extended to the Army. We understand that in

:09:30.:09:34.

Port Said, when riots broke out on Saturday, that the police actually

:09:34.:09:39.

withdraw from the streets. Certainly they were the targets of

:09:40.:09:44.

a lot of the anger of the local people. Just to put it in

:09:44.:09:48.

perspective, because President Morsi is currently under attack in

:09:48.:09:52.

different locations for different reasons. In Port Said t reason for

:09:52.:09:56.

this latest spell of violence is that on Saturday, the verdicts were

:09:56.:10:01.

delivered in this court case. 21 local people were sentenced to

:10:01.:10:05.

death for their involvement in Egypt's worst ever football

:10:05.:10:08.

violence, in an incident that happened last year. Now the local

:10:08.:10:14.

people say that actually the police and lack security were responsible

:10:14.:10:19.

for those events which took place last year and the relatives in the

:10:19.:10:22.

courtroom first of all started to attack police officers. At least

:10:22.:10:26.

two police officers were killed. And then fires took place all

:10:26.:10:30.

around Port Said. That is when the military was brought in there.

:10:30.:10:33.

Habit the state of the police - just building on what you have said

:10:33.:10:38.

there - this sense that the whole police force and system has become

:10:38.:10:42.

dysfunctional, that they are never really there, even for local crime

:10:43.:10:52.

and patrols, during this sense of tension. There is a security vacuum

:10:52.:10:55.

in Egypt, if you compare the situation to before. This is

:10:55.:10:58.

something which affects ordinary people across the country. It is a

:10:58.:11:03.

major cause of concern. One of the main criticisms that is directed at

:11:03.:11:07.

President Morsi, who has been in power now for seven months. The

:11:07.:11:12.

other thing we have seen in the last few days, because it is now

:11:12.:11:15.

two years, people are celebrating and marking the two-year

:11:15.:11:22.

anniversary of that uprising, that overthrew Mr Morsi's predecessor,

:11:22.:11:26.

President Hosni Mubarak, but they have quickly, these demonstrations

:11:27.:11:31.

turned into protests with people making that point that he has

:11:31.:11:35.

failed to carry out much-needed reforms, particularly to the

:11:35.:11:40.

interior ministry. When protests began two years ago they began on

:11:40.:11:43.

police day and people were complaining about the brutality of

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the police services. That is why there's enormous anger that still

:11:48.:11:53.

something has not been done to improve the Security Services here.

:11:53.:11:58.

Thank you for that update, with the Army being given new powers. Now,

:11:58.:12:03.

the trial is due to open shortly in Madrid of a Spanish doctor accused

:12:03.:12:07.

of running of the biggest doping rings for professional cyclists.

:12:07.:12:12.

Police say they seized 200 bags of plood when they raided the offices

:12:12.:12:21.

of the doctor. Prosecutors allege the blood belonged to world famous

:12:21.:12:27.

cyclists who were part of a doping ring, including the doctor, his

:12:27.:12:31.

sister and three former cycling coaches. Well, the BBC's

:12:31.:12:36.

correspondent is reporting that the trial has been delayed. He's been

:12:36.:12:40.

at the courthouse, where the world's media have gathered, at

:12:40.:12:45.

least for the scheduled opening of the trial. So this is the slightly

:12:45.:12:50.

chaotic scene at the courtroom here in Madrid where the man at the

:12:50.:12:55.

centre of this trial is already inside. His office and apartment

:12:55.:13:00.

were raided by Spanish police in 2006. They recovered 200 bags of

:13:00.:13:04.

blood and frozen plasma. Now, in this trial, we will see evidence

:13:04.:13:10.

that that blood - the bags of blood, belonged to cyclists. The World

:13:10.:13:13.

Anti-Doping Agency says back in 2006, after the raids took place,

:13:13.:13:18.

they were told that the blood belonged to athletes from several

:13:18.:13:23.

sports. That's why there's a persistent rumour that some of the

:13:23.:13:31.

evidence, gathered a @time in 2006, has gone -- at the time in 2006,

:13:31.:13:36.

has gone astray. The Spanish anti- doping agency, they say they have

:13:36.:13:40.

not seen any evidence to back that claim up. This trial will look at

:13:40.:13:45.

the charges against the doctor and four others that they broke the

:13:45.:13:51.

public health laws here in Spain. They are not going to be tried

:13:51.:13:54.

because they organised this elaborate doping ring per se,

:13:54.:14:02.

because doping was not a criminal offence in Spain when the raids

:14:02.:14:12.
:14:12.:14:17.

took place. You're with BBC World Scientists may have been getting it

:14:17.:14:21.

wong regards smell. A theory is being debated by scientists.

:14:21.:14:25.

Research suggests that the radicals may be right.

:14:25.:14:31.

We have this report. Smell, it is evocative, sensual,

:14:31.:14:36.

and ifpb tensely personal. I like that one.

:14:36.:14:40.

The fragrance industry spends million billions creating new

:14:40.:14:45.

smells. B but we have little idea how smells work. So making new ones

:14:45.:14:51.

is a bit hit and miss. There is some serious chemistry

:14:51.:14:56.

going on here, in the air and in our brains, but there is fierce

:14:56.:14:59.

debate by how a spirits becomes a smell.

:14:59.:15:04.

It is easy enough for me to pick a smell that I like, but today there

:15:04.:15:09.

is more insight to what is going on in my nose. It may not be because

:15:09.:15:13.

of the shape of the molecules rising from this but down to the

:15:13.:15:18.

way that they move and vibrate. It is a controversial idea.

:15:18.:15:23.

The research is less a popular but a fascinating theory, but here is

:15:23.:15:28.

the test. If shape is the thing that works, two mole coups --

:15:28.:15:31.

Kewells of the same shape should smell the same thing, but they

:15:32.:15:36.

don't. What is changed is the way that the molecules move. If that is

:15:36.:15:43.

the key to smell, we could take the guesswork out of making fragrance.

:15:43.:15:47.

You cannot always say what it is going to smell like. This is a

:15:47.:15:51.

further step, hopefully on the way to making a predictive model for

:15:51.:15:56.

saying that is that and it has these vibe rations, it will smell

:15:56.:16:00.

similar to that. I prefer that one.

:16:00.:16:06.

The idea could help us understand this most primal, yet most misunder

:16:06.:16:12.

stood of the senses. Now, traffic cameras in China here

:16:12.:16:16.

are capturing an escape for two men in eastern China. The heavy truck

:16:16.:16:21.

was taking a corner at an intersection. It tips over. The

:16:21.:16:25.

heavy container toppled over, but look in the middle of the picture

:16:25.:16:31.

there, a motorcyclist, waiting at the traffic lights. He narrowly

:16:31.:16:37.

misses being hit. Ouch! There you can see how narrow that escape was

:16:37.:16:46.

at the traffic lights in China. You are with BBC World News. These

:16:46.:16:50.

are the headlines: Funerals are due to begin for some of the 230 killed

:16:50.:16:56.

in a nightclub fire in Brazil. A fifth day of unrest in Egypt.

:16:56.:16:59.

Mohammed Morsi invites his political opponents for urgent

:16:59.:17:07.

talks. Now to the careen peninsula.

:17:07.:17:12.

Signals from the north suggest an imminent third nuclear test, but

:17:12.:17:17.

South Korea is urging them not to go ahead. Saying that the situation

:17:17.:17:23.

is serious. It has been added that there must be an effective response.

:17:23.:17:27.

North Korea carried out weapons tests in 2006 and 2009 it launched

:17:27.:17:32.

a long-range missile last month. It led to tighter sanctions from the

:17:32.:17:35.

United Nations. Our correspondent is on the

:17:35.:17:39.

southern side of the demilitarised zone with North Korea.

:17:39.:17:45.

That is right, Nick, we are close to the demilitarised zone. This is

:17:45.:17:49.

the last point of South Korea you can get to before entering the

:17:49.:17:53.

restricted area. It is a popular place for South Koreans to protest

:17:53.:18:01.

against the North Korean regime. The atmosphere is more tense than

:18:01.:18:06.

normal, give than North Korea said it would carry out a third nuclear

:18:06.:18:10.

test. Nowhere more tense than for the soldiers patrolling down at the

:18:10.:18:14.

front here. I spent a day with a South Korean unit to find out what

:18:14.:18:21.

it is like to live and work inside the DMZ.

:18:21.:18:27.

Every day for 60 years someone has patrolled the world's last Cold War

:18:27.:18:32.

frontier. Today it is Lieutenant Yoo Kak-Joo. 24 years old, a keen

:18:32.:18:36.

marathon runner, with a love football and a girlfriend who

:18:36.:18:40.

worries become home. -- back home. The small stretch of

:18:41.:18:45.

border he defends lies at the western end of the DMZ. The

:18:45.:18:51.

landscape is bleak, the fasyilities are rudimentary, and the

:18:51.:18:56.

temperatures today are below minus 20. Twice a day, Lieutenant Yoo

:18:56.:19:00.

Kak-Joo and his men walk this line drawn by the United Nations 60

:19:00.:19:07.

years ago, checking for signs of disturbance in South Korea's

:19:07.:19:12.

perimeter defence. The old enemy, North Korea, 200 kilometres away.

:19:12.:19:17.

Inbetween, a buffer zone is packed with landmines and dotted around

:19:17.:19:21.

the southern side of the minefield, there are telephones for stray

:19:21.:19:26.

defectors to call across for help. The army would not tell us when

:19:26.:19:30.

someone last called. It take as good deal of calories to survive

:19:30.:19:35.

the cold. Lucky that one of the conscripts here is a trainee chef.

:19:35.:19:40.

South Korea's in-coming President talked of reducing the obligatory

:19:40.:19:44.

National Service, but with the burst rate declining, some worry it

:19:44.:19:48.

will leave the country vulnerable. TRANSLATION: In a front line

:19:48.:19:52.

position it is less about the hierarchy and more about a sense of

:19:52.:19:56.

brotherhood. We eat, sleep and serve together it is high stress

:19:56.:20:01.

but I try to lead my men well. Right up by the border, Lieutenant

:20:01.:20:05.

Yoo Kak-Joo and his men practise live fire exercises. The new

:20:06.:20:10.

generation of conscripts has been tarred by military veterans as too

:20:10.:20:15.

soft and too cautious. One soldier here told me he gets

:20:15.:20:18.

scared at night listening to gunfire from the north.

:20:18.:20:23.

For the soldier here, two kilometres away, North Korea can

:20:23.:20:30.

seem threatening. This frontier is scattered with sites of old battles.

:20:30.:20:34.

The last military conflict between the north and the south was only

:20:34.:20:39.

two yes,, but in his New Year's address this year, the north Connex

:20:39.:20:44.

South Eastern leader talked of ending confrontation with the south.

:20:44.:20:47.

With South Korea, China and Japan starting with new leaders, many are

:20:47.:20:55.

hoping there is a chance for a political thaw.

:20:55.:21:00.

Sense then -- since then, North Korea has defied the UN to say it

:21:00.:21:05.

will press ahead with a third nuclear test. A sobering thought

:21:05.:21:10.

for the evening patrols. If this relic of the Cold War ever turns

:21:10.:21:14.

hot again. This handful of conscripts will be then facing a

:21:14.:21:20.

different kind of conflict to the one that their grand fathers'

:21:20.:21:23.

fought. America's North Korea envoy has

:21:23.:21:28.

been visiting the region. Talking to the leaders and including South

:21:28.:21:33.

Korea's President about how to handle relationships with the north.

:21:33.:21:37.

Pyongyang's last week gave them lots to talk about.

:21:37.:21:40.

Lucy, given the unpredictability of the situation with Kim Jong Un,

:21:40.:21:44.

when you talk about a chance for a political thaw, do you think that

:21:44.:21:48.

there really is one? At the beginning of this year there were

:21:48.:21:52.

signs that we were reading that suggested that there was a chink in

:21:52.:21:58.

the armour that was opening. New government governments coming into

:21:58.:22:02.

Japan, career, China, the Americans having elections, everyone thought

:22:02.:22:06.

this could be a chance to set the records straight to start with a

:22:06.:22:11.

fresh slate, but since then, as we have seen, there are signs that the

:22:11.:22:16.

new leader in North Korea, Kim Jong Un, is really not going to listen

:22:16.:22:20.

to anybody. Not to United Nations sanctions or to the main ally in

:22:20.:22:24.

Beijing with those things in -- off the table. With that not working,

:22:24.:22:28.

it is difficult to see what anyone else can do.

:22:28.:22:32.

Lucy, literally on the southern side of the border with North Korea.

:22:32.:22:36.

Jane Austen described her book, 'Pride and Prejudice', as her "own

:22:36.:22:41.

darling child". It was published 200 years ago in 1813. It still

:22:41.:22:47.

sells up to 50,000 copies a year, in the UK alone. The BBC TV

:22:48.:22:53.

adaptation in the 90s, brought the book to the attention of a new

:22:53.:22:57.

audience. Not least because of a newly invented scene, featuring

:22:57.:23:03.

Colin Firth as Mr Darcy. David Sillito is in the southern English

:23:03.:23:06.

village of Chawton, where Jane Austen spent the last part of her

:23:07.:23:09.

life. There we can see that book, David.

:23:09.:23:15.

Well, it is a cake, really. That darling child is being celebrated

:23:15.:23:21.

here in a house where Jane Austen lived. Joining me now is Joanna

:23:21.:23:24.

Trollope and Professor John Mullen. It sense, from the author of Sense

:23:24.:23:30.

And Sensibility, a first novel, a bobbing you have up dated. The

:23:30.:23:35.

audacity of updating a Jane Austen? That it temperity, but it is a

:23:35.:23:39.

tribute. I have taken exactly the same story and exactly the same

:23:39.:23:47.

cast of characters. I have transposed them from 1809 to 2013.

:23:47.:23:53.

Do 21st cntries characters transpose Perfectly. That is a

:23:53.:23:58.

genius of Jane Austen. A place for every single person in that book,

:23:58.:24:02.

nowadays without any kind of adjustment, you will see.

:24:02.:24:11.

John Mullen, do you think that 200 years on, all of this hoop la of

:24:11.:24:14.

'Pride and Prejudice', I mean we like watching the television series

:24:14.:24:22.

but does the bobbing justify it all? Well, like many Jane Austen

:24:22.:24:26.

aficionados, I wince a bit from the film adaptations. The hope is that

:24:26.:24:30.

it sends people back to the book. To open it, read a sentence and it

:24:30.:24:36.

justifies all of the hoopla and more. She writes like an angel.

:24:36.:24:46.
:24:46.:24:46.

It is Cinderella, isn't it? Miss Bennett meeting Mr Darcy? No, not

:24:46.:24:50.

remotely. Jane Austen never leaves you empty-handed. You go back when

:24:50.:24:57.

you know more. When you get older. The book is deeper, darker, richer,

:24:57.:25:04.

more interesting every time. You can read it at a level but you are

:25:04.:25:09.

missing most the iceberg if you do. What are you missing? Who is Mr

:25:09.:25:15.

Dargsy? That is the very difficult thing for a novelist to do. He is a

:25:15.:25:21.

character whom you believe in, he does not know what he himself wants

:25:21.:25:24.

and desires. Elizabeth Bennett is the same. So it is extraordinary as

:25:24.:25:29.

a reader you know more than they do about themselves, somehow. That is

:25:29.:25:33.

the amazing thing when you are reading it. When you go back to it,

:25:33.:25:37.

I would say that you becomes a clever as Jane Austen herself when

:25:37.:25:41.

reading, but when you put the book down the effect is gone, but that

:25:41.:25:46.

is the wonderful thing about reading it. You become a live,

:25:46.:25:51.

perceptive, witty, entertaining as a reader while you are reading it.

:25:51.:25:57.

Is it still funny 200 years on? is extremely funny, but that is

:25:58.:26:01.

picking up from what John was saying. She invites the reader in,

:26:01.:26:06.

not just to go along on the journey of the story with her but to find

:26:06.:26:10.

her characters funny. She has a keen sense of the ludicrous. She is

:26:10.:26:16.

saying that we will tease this person a bit. Look at Mr Kolyuns.

:26:16.:26:21.

There is grip, -- Look at Mr Collins.

:26:21.:26:28.

Well, there is grit? Marriage was a serious business, this is not just

:26:28.:26:31.

about romance.$$NEWLINE Joanna Trollope, professor John, thank you

:26:31.:26:34.

very much indeed. A celebration of 'Pride and Prejudice', 200 years

:26:34.:26:40.

after it was delivered here to this very address in Chawton.

:26:40.:26:44.

David, thank you. Brazil has declared three days of national

:26:44.:26:48.

mourning after a fire in a nightclub. There is the scene in a

:26:48.:26:53.

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