05/09/2014 BBC World News


05/09/2014

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I'm Philippa Thomas, live at Celtic Manor.

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NATO leaders prepare to tighten sanctions against Russia over

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its actions in Ukraine, even as ceasefire talks are imminent.

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We must ensure that NATO remains ready, able and willing to defend

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all allies against any threat. Also at the summit,

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plans take shape to tackle the threat from Islamic State,

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the US forming what it calls a core I'm Kasia Maderea in London with

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our other top stories. Iran's supreme leader approves

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contacts with US military officials, paving the way for cooperation

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in Iraq. And a lucky escape for two

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American kayakers after an attack by a great white shark off the coast

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of Massachusetts. NATO leaders are discussing plans

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for a new force to boost their rapid-response capabilities

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in their summit in Newport. We can cross over live to our

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correspondent there for the very latest on the NATO summit.

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Thank you. Western nations are poised to toughen up sanctions on

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Russia even as the cease-fire talks are imminent. Because of Russia's

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involvement in the conflict in eastern Ukraine. That is just one of

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the pressing issues for the 28 NATO leaders here. There are talks

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between the Kiev government, the Russian government and the

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pro-Russian separatists. They will begin shortly. As that is happening,

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there is also fighting which has broken out in the southeastern port

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city of Mariupol. Nick Childs has the latest for us.

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Most immediately, what chance talks in another place, in Belarus, will

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produce a cease-fire? As the leaders of days on a display of NATO air

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power, there is hope perhaps but also a hefty dose of scepticism. The

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message from here that planned US and EU sanctions against Russia will

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go ahead for now anyway. Based on our experience, what would be

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sensible is to go ahead with the plan for increased sanctions. If

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there is a cease-fire, if it is signed and if it is implemented, we

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can then look at lifting sanctions. But as you said earlier, there is a

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great degree of scepticism about whether this action will

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materialise, whether the cease-fire will be real. The leaders will also

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endorse a new alliance rapid reaction force to reassure NATO's

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uneasy Eastern European members and to send a message to the Kremlin

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whose actions they believe have contributed to a newly dangerous

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world. As we meet today, the principal foundations of global

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security are being challenged. In a way we have not seen since the end

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of the Cold War. By Russia's actions against Ukraine, instability and

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violent extremism across the Middle East and North Africa and new

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threats such as cyber attacks and missile attacks. Also a message for

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the members of the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria. They should be very

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clear of these terrorists, their threats will only harden our resolve

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to stand up for our values and to defeat them. To do so and to deal

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with all of the threats we face, our great alliance must now evolve and

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refocus on the new capabilities we need to keep our people say. On the

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ground in Ukraine, they have been bracing themselves for days around

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the town of Mariupol, for now still in government hands. With word of

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new heavy fighting here ahead of the latest peace talks, the fear is the

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anguish and the tensions in this crisis will go on. Many eyes here

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are on those talks in Belarus between Russia, Ukraine and the

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pro-Russian rebels. Although people are watching, there is no great

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expectation of a breakthrough. Several people have said, President

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Putin may have put forward this peace plan, but it seems to amount

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to telling the Ukrainian army to back off and get out of the East of

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Ukraine. That is not going to be acceptable. For a view from the

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ground, I have been speaking to the BBC's correspondent in Donetsk. I

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asked him how the prospect of a cease-fire was seen from there. We

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have spent a lot of time talking to people here. I think the people

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here, as in the rest of the region, are desperate for there two BAC 's

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fire. They have endured four, five months of conflict that macro they

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are desperate for there to be a cease-fire. One person was saying,

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we never expected that we would be living in a war zone, that there

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would be a war in this area. It is really traumatising people. Many

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people have been killed and injured. They are desperate for a cease-fire

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for those fighting to finish as quickly as possible. We were just

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saying that many NATO members at this summit in Wales view President

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Putin's peace plan with some scepticism. They see it as saying to

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the Ukrainian army, you have got to get out of the East and capitulate.

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I have to say, reading the seven point peace plan, that does strike

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you. It says both sides have to stop firing. But it says the Ukrainian

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military has to pull back from positions around the towns and

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cities, which means their positions in artillery range, that they can

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shoot into those towns and cities. They are talking having to move back

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20, 30km. The rabbles' leadership have said it is going to be more

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than that, it needs to be the Ukrainian village to pulling out of

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the whole region -- the rabbles'. It is difficult to see how the

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Ukrainian government could accept that. They are saying, OK, we stop

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firing and we leave you, the rebels, completely in control of the region.

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There does not seem to be any similar demand for whether the

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rebels should be pulling back from anywhere. Therefore, the scepticism.

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Among those really urging NATO's leadership to take a tough line

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against Russia are the Baltic states, the former Soviet Union

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states, Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia, states such as Poland, they

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are very pleased that today one of the things to be announced is the

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creation of a NATO rapid reaction. -- rapid reaction force. They could

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go to any hotspot within a matter of days. I have been speaking to one of

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the Baltic statement as is, the Foreign Minister of Estonia, asking

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him about his view of Russia and Ukraine. Of course, everyone hopes

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the killings and violence. In Ukraine. We will see. The cease-fire

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will be welcomed. But of course, there are serious doubts. One of the

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problems is that Russia so far did not admit that Russia is one part of

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the conflict and Russia is crucial if you want to find solutions. How

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do you perceive President Putin's strategy? Do you think he wants to

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push ahead into Ukraine? I am pessimistic. It is clear Russia

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wants to stop Ukraine's movement closer to the west and closer to the

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European Union. Winter is coming. There will be a big problem in the

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economy and energy sphere. And also the Crimea issue. It means most

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probably Russia wants to create a physical connection between Russia

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and Crimea. There are lots of risks and concerns. Most probably starting

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negotiations for a cease-fire. The Estonian Foreign Minister expressing

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his concerns and fears about Russia's ambitions for its

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neighbours. The other big issue on the agenda at the NATO summit is

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what to do about the Islamic State jihadists fighting in both Iraq and

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Syria. They are talking about that right now. We have also had this

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line from Washington, from the American delegation, saying, they

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intend to convene what they called a core coalition to try to battle the

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militants in Iraq, calling for broad support from allies and partners in

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the region, making it very clear, as John Kerry puts it, there is a red

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line, no boots on the ground this time. Let us look at the players

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involved. Who would be needed in any fight against Islamic State? Here is

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our Middle East editor, Jeremy Bowen.

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The Americans have been bombing IS in Iraq at the request of the Iraqi

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government. They are unlikely to get a UN resolution to extend the

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strikes to the IS power base in Syria. The bombers will not get an

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invitation from the Syrian government either. Without the kind

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of deal with the regime which Washington and London say would be

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unacceptable. There is another legal argument for bombing, about

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protecting civilians, but it is very controversial. Whatever happens, if

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the NATO allies want to fight IS, they will need to build a coalition.

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Saudi Arabia and Iran bowed EIS as a threat. -- both CIF as a threat.

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They back opposing sides. The Saudis oppose rebels, some of which

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support Islamic State. Iran supports Assad and it talks of cooperation

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against IS. Many IS fighters travelled through Turkey to get to

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Syria and Iraq. From Turkey, you can see IS flags flying in a town they

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control just over the Syrian border. Turkey's president celebrated a

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national holiday at the weekend before he left for the NATO summit.

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His allies might be pressing him to tighten up the Turkish border. The

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conflict with IS is tearing apart the already ragged state of Iraq. In

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northern Iraq, Kurdish Peshmerga fighters are seen as a vital force

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against IS, so far they have had more promises of weapons from abroad

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and deliveries. The Kurds say they need much more, much faster. IS

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propaganda boasts of how they have abolished the border between Iraq

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and Syria. They want to remake the Middle East. The turbulence in the

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region means a response is very difficult.

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Just one more thought about what is happening at the NATO summit, as

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Jeremy was just telling you, many IS fighters travelled through Turkey to

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get to Syria and Iraq and there is a very important meeting in about

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three hours time, President Obama is going to sit down with the Turkish

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president. That is one of those crucial meetings taking place behind

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the scenes. Thank you very much. My colleague

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reporting live from the two-day NATO summit. As we heard, the threat from

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Islamic State is being very much discussed at the summit. There has

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now been a suggestion that Iran will cooperate with the fight to contain

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the Islamic State. Iran's supreme leader has approved talks with US

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military officials. Let us get the latest on this. Fill us in on the

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details. Several sources in Tehran are telling us of this new

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development. The information is that the Iranians supreme leader,

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Ayatollah Khamenei, has authorised a top commander of the Revolutionary

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guard in Iran to maintain contact and keep contact and discussions

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with the US. Also with Iraqiforces and Kurdish forces in northern Iraq

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to coordinate efforts against IS. This is new. We knew that the

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Iranians regarded Isis as a threat to them and to their allies, both

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Syria and Iraq. Now it seems the Iran supreme leader has seen the

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threat serious enough to take the new step. It goes to show how the

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alignments are shifting. Beforehand, you would not have expected the US

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and Iran to be discussing anything together. The threat from IS very

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much bringing different parties that you would not expect together. That

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is right. And we did not expect it. We knew that if it came to it in

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northern Iraq, they may be coordinating and helping each other.

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But this is the confirmation of that, if you like, that they already

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in cooperation. We know that last week when the Kurdish forces and

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Iraqi Shi'ite militias, helped by US air strikes, took the town which was

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in the hands of the Islamic State. Iranians Shi'ite militias and the

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Revolutionary guard advisers were already there. There are pictures of

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the commander of the Revolutionary guard in that area during that

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operation. It seems that cooperation between Iran and the US has already

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begun. For the time being, thank you.

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The World Health Organisation is is giving advice today on potential

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new drugs to tackle the world's worst ever outbreak of Ebola.

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Experts have been examining eight experimental treatments and two

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Earlier I spoke to our correspondent in Geneva Imogen Foulkes.

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She gave me the latest on the experimental drugs that are

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There are a number of possible treatments but this is what the

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issue is. None of these have been properly tested the way you would

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expect if you were to go to your doctor and get a prescription. It is

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a long process and it often takes a good few years. With the spread of

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Ebola and the death toll rising so dramatically, there is a real sense

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of urgency. In fact, something really has to be achieved in terms

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of treatment for this disease because it has a high mortality rate

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as we know. What they are looking at is how fast they can get testing

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done. Can we bypass some of the normal phases of testing and how

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fast can we get drugs on the market? Even with FastTrack testing, it it

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is going to be the end of the year at the earliest before any of it is

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ready. Stay with us on BBC World News,

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still to come: Pakistan deploys troops to rescue victims

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of late monsoon flooding, which Extra police are being deployed

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in the French Port of Calais to tackle a surge in the number of

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migrants trying to get to Britain. Crowds of men, desperate to reach

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the UK are now also trying to jump into private cars and trucks

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which are crossing the channel. Local authorities are asking

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for more help from the British Calais is overrun, according to the

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mayor, but these people do not care. They aren't interested in staying

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in France. They want to get to England and they

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will run, climb or hide to do it. And not just

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on lorries or commercial vehicles. They are now targeting cars as well.

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Eurotunnel has taken the unprecedented step

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of giving guidance to drivers to help them avoid unwittingly taking

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on migrants. That is what happened to Sue Taper

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from Kent yesterday morning. I got my car and let my dogs out

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and as they got out, a leg came out followed by another

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leg, then the seat went up and a man about my height got out of the car.

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The man in her car was arrested and handed over to immigration officers.

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In Calais, those who tried to storm the ferry were turned back,

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but every day, more migrants are arriving, watching and waiting.

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Now there are an estimated 1,300 in the town,

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leading the mayor of Calais to threaten to block the port unless

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Britain and the rest of Europe do more to help solve the problem.

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This volcano has been shooting Lavery into the sky since Sunday.

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There is currently an orange alert for visiting the area but it is

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still possible to fly overhead, and if you want to, get a glimpse of the

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action from the air. Those are the shots over the volcano in Iceland.

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You are watching BBC World News. The headlines: Western leaders at the

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NATO summit in preparing tougher sanctions against

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Russia over its actions in Ukraine. plans are taking shape to tackle

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the threat from Islamic State, the US forming what it calls a "core

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coalition" to take on the jihadists. Rescue teams are trying to reach 34

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miners trapped in a coal mine Officials say

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the men are stuck more than 500 metres below ground, but they are

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alive and have enough air for now. Our correspondent Guy De

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Launey is in Belgrade. Wales are a dreadful situation,

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bring us up to date. The miners have been brought up in the last hour or

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so. 29 have emerged but we are getting reports that five have not

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survived. The chair of the union is saying he has known about it for

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some time but has not been able to bring the news to us. It appears we

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have a loss of life. What reaction from the local community? They are

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very angry and said the management of the mine have understated what

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has happened and have said only eight people were trapped but there

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were actually three dozen. This is the third explosion there in a year

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and this one was apparently triggered by a minor earthquake.

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Three explosions in a year. Indeed, and it is a mining area, and this is

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going to be of grave concern to those near to other minds. What are

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the unions saying about this? -- mines. The unions are very unhappy

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with the safety situation, and as you say, this is an area that has

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traditionally been a mining area. You have that balance between safety

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issues, fear about the safety of workers and the workers themselves,

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but also the need to make a living. It is a difficult position to be in.

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It is worth adding that in the past, three dozen people died in an

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explosion at the mine. Thank you very much for the latest.

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Nearly 100 people have been killed in late monsoon flooding in Pakistan

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The flooding is in the Punjab region which straddles the border

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between the two countries, and in the disputed territory of Kashmir.

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The army is helping with rescue efforts and has urged many

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The BBC's South Asia Correspondent Andrew North is in Islamabad.

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As you can see, it has been raining here and has been raining for most

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of the day. In places, it has been raining for almost two days, and

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this has caught many people by surprise. Normally, this is the end

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of the monsoon so these are late rains. The quantity of water that is

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coming down is causing large-scale flooding in many parts of the

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region. The latest we have heard from the Pakistani disaster

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authority is that at least 66 people have been killed and there are

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reports that the figure is getting higher than that because there are

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parts of the region that have been cut off by landslides. The army is

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involved in the rescue effort that has not managed to get to the areas

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affected. What has happened in a lot of cases is that people are dying

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because their houses are collapsing because they are waterlogged. They

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have been crushed to death and others have been electrocuted. These

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are what have been causing the deaths so far. This area straddles

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two countries so how does that affect the rescue operation? Well,

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certainly, with landslides and this continuous rain, that makes it a lot

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harder. The Army is already moving more forces up into Pakistani

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administered Kashmir which has been cut off. They are flying in on

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helicopters to help out. To some extent, authorities are still

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catching up. They were not expecting this level of rain at this time of

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the year. And Q4 bring us an update. -- thank you.

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Two American kayakers had a lucky escape when they were

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attacked by a Great White Shark off the coast of Massachusetts.

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The women were rescued by the coast guard after making a frantic call

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Ida and Christin had set off on kayaks to take pictures of seals

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when something hit them out of the blue. I looked back at her and it

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came directly out of the water. It is launched her backwards and

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flipped me over. I was talking to her and the next thing I knew I was

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in the water. It was a dark grey Great White Shark with big teeth and

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big eyes, it was right next to me. Not knowing where the sharp was and

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100 metres from the shore, one of the girls made a panicked call to

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rescue service. We are stuck in the water and there is a sharp! The

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harbour master is on his way there. -- shark. One of the 30 minutes, the

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girls were brought safely to shore. These bite marks show how close they

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were to not making it home. The number of shark attacks has risen in

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recent years of the Massachusetts coast. Remain experts say the shark

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in this attack most likely Mr the shark for a seal. -- Marine experts

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say the shark was most mistaken as a seal. What you can see there is a

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dog 's stomach. And there you can see 44 socks. The great Dane was

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rushed into hospital with stomach pains and underwent two hours of

:26:22.:26:26.

surgery. There was a plus side to this. The unnamed dog was the winner

:26:27.:26:34.

of the competition called, They Eight What? The winner was a dog who

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ate 30 ornamental rocks. -- Ate. And later on BBC World News we have

:26:41.:26:47.

a special programme looking at how recent conflicts are

:26:48.:26:50.

affecting the current world order. From the crisis in Ukraine,

:26:51.:26:53.

to the continuing threat from IS, and wider instability

:26:54.:26:55.

across the Middle East - does the world need to rethink how it deals

:26:56.:26:58.

with a changing global landscape? Join Lucy Hockings for

:26:59.:27:01.

The New World Disorder at 1300GMT.

:27:02.:27:03.

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