02/02/2012 World News Today


02/02/2012

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This is BBC World News Today with me, Tim Willcox.

:00:09.:00:12.

Egyptian security forces stand accused of allowing the country's

:00:12.:00:18.

worst ever football riots. As a nation mourns at least 74 victims

:00:18.:00:20.

of the violence, the Government responds with sackings and an

:00:20.:00:30.

investigation, but many feel the truth is obvious. There wasn't

:00:30.:00:35.

enough security in the stadium. And those who were there were standing

:00:35.:00:39.

there in a symbolic way. They did not carry out their duties.

:00:39.:00:42.

The big freeze in Europe claims more lives. 1,100 Serbian villagers

:00:42.:00:45.

are now cut off by heavy snow. Are some of us hardwired to be

:00:45.:00:51.

addicts? New research links addiction to brain abnormalities.

:00:51.:00:54.

Also in the programme: On the election trail in Russia. We meet

:00:54.:00:58.

the pro-Putin factory workers in Russia's industrial heartland. But

:00:58.:01:02.

how much support does the Prime Minister really have?

:01:02.:01:05.

And cartoon royalty - the unofficial portraits of "Her Maj"

:01:05.:01:15.
:01:15.:01:24.

the Queen to celebrate her Diamond Hello and welcome.

:01:24.:01:27.

The anger on the streets of Cairo and Port Said in Egypt was palpable

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today, just hours after the worst football riots in the country's

:01:30.:01:33.

history. The question on the streets and in Parliament: how a

:01:33.:01:36.

match between two teams well known for their supporters' bitter

:01:36.:01:39.

rivalry could have descended into a mass riot that left at least 74

:01:39.:01:44.

dead. The Government has declared three days of mourning, sacked a

:01:44.:01:48.

wave of officials and launched an investigation. But in a febrile

:01:48.:01:50.

atmosphere of suspicion, many Egyptians have been wondering if

:01:50.:02:00.

darker forces were at play. Rupert Wingfield-Hayes reports. On the

:02:00.:02:04.

streets of Cairo this afternoon they already have their own

:02:04.:02:10.

theories. These football fans are convinced the attack was planned

:02:10.:02:18.

and organised by Egypt's security forces. It was a crime done from

:02:18.:02:22.

the old regime. They stole money from the people for 30 years and

:02:22.:02:28.

now they are spending the money to make gangsters and corruption in

:02:28.:02:33.

Egypt, because they don't want the revolution to succeed. There is so

:02:33.:02:42.

far no evidence to support that claim. These were the extraordinary

:02:42.:02:46.

scenes at Cairo railway station early this morning as the train

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carrying survivors and the dead from Port Said pulled in. Thousand

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thousands of supporters crammed the balconies and platforms. Justice or

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death, they chant. This man immediately blames the head of

:03:05.:03:08.

Egypt's military junta for the death. Tantawi opened the doors so

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the thugs could attack our friends, he says. As dawn breaks another

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train pulls in. Anxious parents wait desperately for news. My son

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has not answered his phone since yesterday, this mother weeps.

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Please, I beg you, help me find my son. This is how it all happened,

:03:30.:03:34.

on live television. As the game ends, fans from the victorious Port

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Said team flood the pitch. The Cairo team flee for their lives.

:03:39.:03:44.

But many of the Cairo fans were not so lucky. As they try to flee, they

:03:44.:03:49.

are overrun, beaten, bludgeoned and stabbed. Today the blood-smeared

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seats tell of the brutality of the attacks. The piles of shoes show

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where bodies were crushed against locked gates. If head of Egypt's

:03:59.:04:03.

military junta met with shaken players from the Cairo team. He

:04:03.:04:07.

promised the culprits will be found and punished. TRANSLATION: With the

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results of this investigation, each one will take his punishment, and

:04:10.:04:14.

we will know why and who caused this tragedy.

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But with so many young people dead, nothing will stop some here from

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believing that the old men who ruled Egypt for so long are somehow

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responsible. There've been demonstrations and

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some violence in Tahrir Square today. These are the pictures

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coming in live from this place. That's the centre of the uprising,

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the 18-day uprising against Hosni Mubarak this time last year. And

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indeed some of the supporters of the Al-Ahly team were part of those

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demonstrations last year. We can now speak to Adham el-

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Kamouny, sports presenter for Egyptian television, who was

:04:58.:05:07.

watching the match on TV last night as the tragic events unfolded. He

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joins us via Skype. What were your thoughts as you watched this riot

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break out last night? Well, I just wanted to tell you something that I

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thought there was going to be a disaster from the start. When the

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spectators started to arrive, as soon as they arrived into Port Said

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they were welcomed by through stones and stuff like that from

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other Port Said spectators. Even when the Al-Ahly players were

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warming up, also the Port Said Ultras started through rockets and

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fireworks at the players and the Al-Ahly wanted to cancel the game,

:05:56.:06:06.
:06:06.:06:08.

but it was not possible, since you are on Port Saidy soil. It needs a

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referee who has lots of guts to do that kind of call. If he cancels

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the game on a Port Saidy level he will probably be going home in a

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coffin. It has always been very tense between the two rivals. One

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week before the game there was like a war on the internet between Al-

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Ahly spectators and Port Saidy spectators. We are waiting for you,

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we are going to kill you in you come, if you come you had better

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bring your own coffin with you - stuff like that. All of that was

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known to the police and to the Government officials. Sorry to

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interrupt, but is security normally tighter at games like these between

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such bitter rivals? Yes, it's very tight. And believe me, through my

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work, I work as a TV presenter and I go to the stadium as lot, and I

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know when the policing is very tight and when it is loose. In that

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kind of game, you cannot have a loose security force in that

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special game between Al-Ahly and Port Said. And Al-Ahly versus Al-

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Masry in Port Said. You can't let loose the game. If you let loose

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disaster will happen like that, because before, I think in this mid

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'90s or the early '90s there was another disaster in Port Said

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between Zamalek, which is the Al- Ahly rivals, and in Port Said with

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Al-Masry. Several people died, including some soldiers from the

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police force. OK, thank you for joining us.

:08:10.:08:18.

Record low temperatures and heavy snowfall is causing problems across

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Europe. In Serbia whole villages have been cut off, with emergency

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services struggling to reach around 11,000 people. Nick Thorpe reports.

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Another rescue mission for the people of Bosnia. This time not

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from the war but from the weather. Bosnia has 65 mountains higher than

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1,500 metres, and villages like this one in the east of the country

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have been especially hard hit by the snow. TRANSLATION:

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temperatures are killing us. We are really grateful for this help, but

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the snow has blocked us here until spring. Few helicopters are

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available, so most villages we can only be reached or not reached at

:09:03.:09:10.

all by road. TRANSLATION: A state of emergency has been declared in

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several areas but it is still very complicated, because of the heavy

:09:14.:09:19.

snow we have not been able to reach all the houses. In neighbouring

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Serbia, the emergency services say as many as 11,000 people are cut

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off in a string of villages in the mountainous south-west of the

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country. The villagers are used to hard winters and usually have

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plentiful supplies of firewood and food, but these conditions have now

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lasted nearly a month. Most of the population are elderly and many

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need medicines. The cold has also surprised countries more used to

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the greens and blues of the Mediterranean than the whites of

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Siberia. In southern Europe, the wintry conditions have caused chaos

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on the roads and delight in the classrooms. More snow is forecast

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for the coming days, making this one of the coldest winters in many

:10:02.:10:08.

countries in living memory. Now a look at some of the day's

:10:08.:10:09.

other news. The Indian Supreme Court has

:10:09.:10:12.

ordered the Government to cancel some mobile phone licences it

:10:12.:10:15.

granted to telecoms companies four years ago. India's public auditor

:10:15.:10:18.

claims mis-selling of the licences cost the treasury tens of billions

:10:18.:10:22.

of dollars. It's the latest twist in one of India's biggest

:10:22.:10:26.

corruption scandals. Rescuers in Papua New Guinea are

:10:26.:10:29.

still searching for survivors after a ferry sank with up to 350

:10:29.:10:33.

passengers on board. So far more than 200 people have been pulled

:10:33.:10:41.

alive from the sea by helicopters and Australian aircraft. Scientists

:10:41.:10:45.

have found a giant prawn-like creature lurking 7 kilometres down

:10:45.:10:52.

in the waters off the coast of New Zealand. The creature is a type of

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amphipod. The biggest of these spotted was an impressive 34

:10:57.:11:05.

centimetres. It makes quite a size. This Saturday tens of thousands of

:11:05.:11:10.

people are expected to march through Moscow to demand honest

:11:10.:11:20.
:11:20.:11:21.

elections, the protest another sign of the feeling for Vladimir Putin.

:11:21.:11:25.

Steve Rosenberg has been to the Ural mountains to find out what

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people there think of him. In this town every day looks like

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Armageddon. This is a town which never stops burning. Churning out

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iron and steel round the clock. The snow here is black from pollution.

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But people's lives depend on the factories, and it is instability

:11:49.:11:59.
:11:59.:12:02.

which they fear most. Yevgeny Kazlov set up a workers committee

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the black Vladimir Putin for President. The protests in Moscow

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don't reflect the mood of Russia, he says. Working people don't want

:12:11.:12:15.

revolution, we want stability. That's why we support Putin. At the

:12:15.:12:20.

tank factory up the road, they pledged their loyalty to Mr Putin

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live on TV. This worker offered to come to Moscow with his mates to

:12:25.:12:33.

take on the anti-Government protesters. Yevgeny and the

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metalworkers aren't marching on Moscow. But today they are taking

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the train to the regional capital, Ekaterinburg. There they join

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thousands of other workers from across the Urals at a pro-Putin

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rally. There are no white ribbons, the trademark of Mr Putin's

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criticsment the symbol here is the worker's glove. This rally is a

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direct response to the young and middle class Russians in Moscow

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who've been protesting against the Government. And it is an attempt to

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show that away from the capital Russia's working class still has

:13:09.:13:16.

faith in Vladimir Putin. But the crowd here was smaller than

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organisers had promised. And some of what we saw seemed stage managed.

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This photographer was trying to get as many people as possible to pose

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with the same vote for Putin sign. One worker I spoke to, who asked to

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remain anonymous, said his work mates only travelled to the rally

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because they were offered extra days off work and free train

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tickets. So just how popular really is Vladimir Putin in Russia's

:13:46.:13:50.

industrial heartland? He will win votes here, but more perhaps out of

:13:50.:13:55.

a fear of change than any real belief that a President Putin can

:13:55.:14:03.

make life better. Scientists in Cambridge say they've

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found important evidence suggesting how drug addiction can run in

:14:07.:14:12.

families. A study compared drug addicts with their non-addicted

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siblings and found both have similar abnormalities in their

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brains. This suggests you can inherit conditions that make

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addiction more likely, an how people who are physically

:14:25.:14:30.

susceptible manage to avoid it. It is one of the great scourges of

:14:30.:14:35.

the modern world, addiction to drugs. But what determines who gets

:14:35.:14:40.

hooked? New research offers an answer. The study focused on

:14:41.:14:45.

addicts and their siblings, like Sophia and her sister Teresa,

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brought up together in the same troubled family, they described how

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one stayed clean and the other didn't. I was about 19 and the

:14:54.:15:02.

people I was hanging around with, the influences. But it wasn't, I

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didn't get into the crack into I was 30. I'm not Holyer than thou

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but I just already knew early on in my life that there was certain

:15:13.:15:23.
:15:23.:15:26.

The study involves scanning 50 addicts and their siblings. The aim

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is to see if there are biological clues to the addiction in the brain.

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The results are surprising. What is revealed by this research is

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potentially very useful. The siblings of addicts and the addicts

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themselves share a similar pattern of abnormalities in their brain.

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Physical evidence that you can inherit conditions that put you at

:15:48.:15:58.
:15:58.:15:59.

risk. The scans show how this works. Below indicates show area of south

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-- areas of self-control. These brothers and sisters who don't have

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addiction problems, they can tell us, how did they manage to overcome

:16:07.:16:11.

these problems? What do they do in their daily lives to manage their

:16:12.:16:18.

self-control? The Sisters were tested for self-control. The share

:16:18.:16:23.

abnormalities in their brains but have turned out very differently.

:16:23.:16:26.

The long-term goal is to make use of that knowledge, but that will

:16:26.:16:31.

not be easy. It is unlikely to prevent all addiction but it is one

:16:31.:16:37.

step along the way of identifying people who address key. -- people

:16:37.:16:44.

who are vulnerable. Immediate benefits are not likely, but having

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a clear idea of his most bomb rubble could help steer them away

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from a life of addiction. -- of whose most vulnerable.

:16:54.:17:00.

Some fascinating research. Led speak to Professor David Nutt and

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Dr Robert Lefever. -- let speak too. Does this ring true? Are we hard-

:17:09.:17:15.

wired, some of us, into addiction? The if the causes. The first is

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genetic. This runs in some families and not others. Even within the

:17:20.:17:23.

family, you get children with no potential and others who have

:17:23.:17:30.

considerable potential for addiction. Emotional trauma is one

:17:30.:17:37.

reason which stimulates children to go on. The third is exposure. Some

:17:37.:17:40.

people are exposed and their families to alcohol and the would

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channel in that direction. Others will go to drugs. In your

:17:47.:17:54.

experience, it can be triggered by their regular smoking of very heavy

:17:54.:17:59.

Murro won a. The society in which one lives, the family, the other

:17:59.:18:03.

children are immensely influential but I do not think you can make an

:18:03.:18:07.

addict. I think you're born with that tendency. I think people can

:18:07.:18:12.

have traumas of all sorts of crimes are not going to have any addiction.

:18:12.:18:17.

In terms of the shape of their brain, the abnormality of the brain,

:18:17.:18:25.

what does this say? This research tells us that both groups have a

:18:25.:18:31.

problem in controlling impulsive behaviour. That is shown in the

:18:31.:18:35.

behavioural task, how well they can stop doing things they shouldn't do,

:18:35.:18:40.

but it also translates that, when you do brain imaging, you can see

:18:40.:18:43.

the relationship between the coupling of the front of the brain

:18:43.:18:47.

and the drive centres below is somehow disrupted. That path we

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does not work properly. That is why they become impulsive. And siblings,

:18:52.:18:56.

why does one develop an addiction and the other doesn't? There are a

:18:56.:19:03.

number of reasons. But chemically? We do not know. This research does

:19:03.:19:09.

not help us there, but what it tells us, is that the process that

:19:09.:19:16.

leads to addiction are a mix of chemical and structural. We can

:19:16.:19:20.

probably target the chemical abnormalities with drugs. To answer

:19:20.:19:24.

your question, a lot of it is exposure. Drama can change the

:19:24.:19:28.

brain, exposure to drugs - if you do not take a drug, you cannot get

:19:28.:19:37.

addicted. We presume from studies that that all my ability translates

:19:37.:19:45.

right across the board. -- that vulnerability. How useful all this

:19:45.:19:50.

before you? It is useful. We have found that, there are three

:19:50.:20:00.

clusters. Alcohol, prescription drugs, gambling, sex and love

:20:00.:20:04.

addiction, and risk-taking. That is probably governed by one genetic,

:20:04.:20:12.

hedonistic urge. Let's go for it! But then there is one that is

:20:12.:20:17.

associated with work and exercise, and the third one is a relationship.

:20:17.:20:22.

Using yourself as a drug for other people are using other people as a

:20:22.:20:26.

drug for yourself. Some people had all three of those tendencies.

:20:26.:20:36.
:20:36.:20:36.

Others had won, only others had to. -- others had only two. This is

:20:36.:20:40.

where the research needs to go. We need to say, be careful with this,

:20:40.:20:48.

otherwise there will be trouble coming your way. Surgically, can

:20:48.:20:54.

anything be done? Be to do that in Russia. The do surgery in the rain

:20:54.:21:03.

-- in the brain. Like a lobotomy? That is what they do. What are the

:21:03.:21:07.

result? They say it is great. The trials are not conducted in a

:21:07.:21:14.

fashion we would consider properly scientific. No way! Completely no

:21:14.:21:20.

way! Fascinating. A veteran treasure hunter says he

:21:20.:21:25.

has found the wreck of his life, billions of dollars worth of

:21:25.:21:32.

platinum on a Sunday Second World War British boat. Greg Brooks says

:21:32.:21:39.

he discovered the bounty on the Port Nicholson, which was sung by a

:21:39.:21:44.

German U-boat. The salvage team are convinced there are 30 crates of

:21:44.:21:52.

platinum ended on board. -- platinum ingots. Have you seen this

:21:52.:21:58.

platinum, Greg Brooks? I have seen it. We do not know hundred %

:21:58.:22:08.
:22:08.:22:11.

whether it is platinum. There is 4,600 of those ingots supposedly

:22:11.:22:16.

aboard the ship. You have been shed Red Hunter for 20 years or so, is

:22:16.:22:21.

this the biggest one you have found? -- you have been a wreck

:22:21.:22:29.

Hunter. It is better than anyone has a margin. It is unthinkable

:22:29.:22:32.

that there is that amount of wealth under the sea. It could have even

:22:32.:22:37.

more on it. Has it been a race? Are there other people like you tracing

:22:37.:22:44.

this wreck? Not this one, because I have a federal Admiralty claim on

:22:44.:22:49.

it. We are custodians of it. No one can touch this red. There are other

:22:50.:22:53.

companies out there looking for similar wrecks that they have

:22:53.:22:58.

information on and it is on the same basis. It is nowhere near as

:22:58.:23:02.

Valuable. In terms of the legal entitlement, if you managed to

:23:02.:23:06.

bring it up, is it all years? De suddenly become a billionaire or

:23:06.:23:13.

are you one already? No, I have a hard time rubbing two coins

:23:13.:23:20.

together! You might have a lot of platinum to rub together! I am

:23:20.:23:25.

hoping so. It has to going front of the federal judge and he will look

:23:25.:23:35.
:23:35.:23:35.

at all the facts of this. Beaux- Arts, we did all the research, we

:23:35.:23:40.

know that their platinum was shipped by the USSR TDs. We know

:23:40.:23:50.
:23:50.:23:55.

that the ship did not make it here. -- by the USSR to the USA. The USSR

:23:55.:24:00.

does not exist any more, it broke up, so nobody has a claim other

:24:00.:24:06.

than as at this moment. difficult would be? It is what, 700

:24:06.:24:16.
:24:16.:24:17.

metres down? No, 700 feet. So how difficult would be to bring it up?

:24:17.:24:26.

It will be difficult. Our season starts in late May to mid-September.

:24:26.:24:33.

We have been out there trying to get this stuff up since then. It is

:24:33.:24:41.

extremely difficult with storms, currants, breakdowns, all that type

:24:41.:24:49.

of thing. It is extremely difficult. And the co-ordinates? That is a

:24:49.:24:59.
:24:59.:25:00.

good one. Thank you very much. Queen Elizabeth celebrates her

:25:00.:25:03.

Diamond Jubilee this year. There will be events around the country

:25:03.:25:13.

to mark her 60th year. Called Her Maj, it is an irreverent series of

:25:13.:25:18.

unofficial portraits of the monarch. Queen Elizabeth II, arriving at

:25:18.:25:25.

Westminster Abbey for her coronation. Dignified, composed,

:25:25.:25:28.

monarch of the United Kingdom and head of the Commonwealth. Over the

:25:28.:25:32.

years, there have been many official portraits of Her Majesty.

:25:32.:25:35.

She seems quite pleased with this one. I wonder what she thinks of

:25:35.:25:45.
:25:45.:25:48.

imagine her, a friendly but feisty barmaid. Here she is rummaging

:25:48.:25:55.

through a skip. You never know, she might find something nice for the

:25:55.:26:05.

She is the face of Britain but we do not know what she believes, her

:26:05.:26:10.

opinions about things. There is still something of a mystery and

:26:10.:26:14.

magic of the monarchy about her. Until the 1950s, the British

:26:14.:26:20.

monarch very rarely appeared in cartoons, it was almost a royal

:26:20.:26:25.

taboo. One decade later, all that changed. It was the Swinging 60s, a

:26:25.:26:29.

time of freedom and artistic openness. Britain's cartoonists

:26:29.:26:35.

were eager to make the most of it. They now had card launch -- they

:26:35.:26:43.

now had free rein to imagine the Queen as one of us, at home with

:26:43.:26:48.

her hands and family. represents us, she's England, or

:26:48.:26:53.

Great Britain or the United Kingdom. She did not volunteer for this job,

:26:53.:27:00.

it was foisted on her. I do not feel the same kind of critical

:27:00.:27:07.

faculty at work when I think about her. The cartoons about this

:27:07.:27:12.

exhibition -- at this exhibition described the key historic moments

:27:12.:27:16.

during her reign. This was the state visit to Ireland last year.

:27:16.:27:22.

It shows the Queen and her husband treating their coasts -- their

:27:22.:27:26.

hosts to a bit of Irish dancing. Obviously, that did not really

:27:26.:27:31.

happen! Some of the cartoons here are affectionate, others cheeky,

:27:31.:27:36.

and others downright unflattering. What makes them appealing is the

:27:36.:27:39.

idea that the Queen may not be so difficult -- different from the

:27:39.:27:49.
:27:49.:28:02.

I am sure she loves them. That is There is the prospect of some snow

:28:03.:28:12.

this weekend. Where embarking on another very cold night. -- we are

:28:12.:28:19.

embarking. We still have some high pressure across us. There will be

:28:19.:28:24.

some snow at the weekend. On Friday, it will be a cold, frosty start.

:28:24.:28:31.

Some showers across eastern England. There is plenty of sunshine across

:28:31.:28:38.

northern England. Along the east coast, there will be some cloud

:28:38.:28:45.

around. Possibly some lingering snow. It will be mainly dry until

:28:45.:28:51.

we get to the evening. Temperatures around freezing. Across other areas,

:28:51.:28:59.

lighter winds. A change for Northern Ireland. There will be

:28:59.:29:05.

more cloud. There could be some light rain or sleet. That cloud

:29:05.:29:08.

will increase into the West of Scotland and the Western Isles.

:29:08.:29:15.

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