17/03/2014 World News Today


17/03/2014

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This is BBC World News Today with me Zeinab Badawi. The US and EU impose

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limited sanctions on Russian and Crimean officials after the region

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votes to break away from Ukraine and join Russia.

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Tensions remain high. Ukraine says Russia is holding Crimea at

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gun-point. Moscow is warned there may be further measures against it,

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if it annexes Crimea. ?? new line The international community will

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continue to stand together to oppose any violations of Ukrainian

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sovereignty and territorial integrity and continued Russian

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military intervention will only deepen Russia's diplomatic

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isolation. "All right, goodnight". The final

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words uttered by the co-pilot on the missing Malaysian airline. As the

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search continues, attention shifts to the plane's two pilots. ?? new

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line The fashion designer L'Wren Scott, girlfriend of Mick Jagger, is

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found dead in her New York apartment. Suicide is suspected.

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And the noise behind the big bang. Solving the mystery of the universe,

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scientists say they have discovered extraordinary new evidence.

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Hello and welcome. The referendum vote in Crimea for the region to

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break away from Ukraine and join Russia has triggered sanctions from

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the US and the EU, as expected. Now the world is waiting to see what

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Moscow's next move is, will it annex Crimea formally and what are the

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implications of the situation in Crimea for pro-Russian regions in

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eastern Ukraine? Vladimir Putin has signed a decree recognising Crimea

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as an independent state. The Ukrainian government in Kiev has

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said it is prepared for talks with Moscow but that it will never accept

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annexation of its land. Daniel Sandford reports from the Crimean

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city, Simferopol. Under the statue of Lenin in the

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centre of the Crimean capital, they were still celebrating yesterday's

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referendum. A vote to break away from Ukraine and join Russia, a vote

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that has plunged Europe into crisis. In the Crimean parliament, the first

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stage was to declare independence from Ukraine. From there, the Prime

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Minister flew straight to Moscow to formally ask President Vladimir

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Putin to annex Crimea to the Russian Federation. Russian troops and

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armour still surround the Ukrainian Armed Forces, but the Ukrainian

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Defence Minister insisted that there will be no retreat. TRANSLATION:

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Crimea was, is and will be a Ukrainian territory. Our military

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will stay there and we will solve this problem in a peaceful and

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diplomatic way. We drove north from Simferopol to a strategic town near

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where Crimea joins the Ukrainian mainland. There, we found a new

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Russian military base and a mobile radar station on what had been a

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disused airfield until a fortnight ago. Far from relaxing, the Russians

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are reinforcing what may soon be a disputed border with Ukraine. Then,

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a group of men claiming to be from the People's militia asked us to

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leave. Although the referendum is now over, there is still a huge

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Russian military presence in Crimea. All day, we have been filming trucks

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coming and going on the main road from Crimea to mainland Ukraine. In

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this small town near the base, people were also salivating.

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Dash-macro celebrating. Alexi, a freelance writer, was helping his

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parents on their market stall and hopes that Crimea's moved back into

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the Russian fold will improve the We believe in one thing, in a better

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life in future. Not as part of Ukraine. But the price that will be

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paid for the future is an international crisis. Months or even

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years of uncertainty and a new stand-off between Russia and the

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West. We will be discussing the legal

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implications of the referendum in Crimea, first as we mentioned the US

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and the EU have announced an asset freeze and travel ban on Ukrainian

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and Russian interests and individuals. The American measures

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have been described as the "toughest since the end of the Cold War", but

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it is not clear what effect they will have on the conflict. Bridget

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Kendall reports. After last night's euphoria, now the

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consequences. In Crimea, the referendum results to break away

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from Ukraine was for Russian speakers a cause for celebration.

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But in Kiev and the West, it is an illegal move and must be resisted.

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So both EU and the United States today announced new sanctions. The

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international community will continue to stand together to oppose

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any violation of Ukrainian's sovereignty and territorial

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integrity and continued Russian military intervention in Ukraine

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will only deepen Russia's diplomatic isolation. These sanctions are aimed

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at those closely involved in trying to split off Crimea from Kiev.

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Travel bans on those behind the Russian military build-up and asset

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freezes. European sanctions on 21 people and 11 named by the

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Americans, including the Deputy Russian Prime Minister, the ousted

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Ukrainian President, Viktor Yanukovych, and Crimea's separatist

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leaders. And there is a warning of more sanctions to follow. In Moscow,

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one of the officials targeted dismissed the sanctions as political

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blackmail. President Putin's reaction will come in a big speech

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he is giving tomorrow. In the meantime, his government have laid

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out conditions for negotiation and made clear that it backs Crimea's

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call to reunite with Russia. TRANSLATION: I expect the majority

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of the Ukrainian population will respect this convincing result. So

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what does Russia want? Well, firstly, constitutional reform, to

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devolve powers to Ukraine's Russian speaking regions. And a cast-iron UN

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guaranteed that Ukraine will stay neutral and not join the EU or NATO.

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It also wants Russian language to be given equal status to Ukrainian. So

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far, so good, but Russia also insists that Crimea's referendum

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vote to leave Ukraine must be respected and there is no way that

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either the West or Kiev will agree to that. Already, it has been ruled

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out by Ukraine's acting president. We are ready for talks with Russia,

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he said today, but we will never accept the annexation of our

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territory. So all Ukraine can do is dig in to protect its borders from

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further incursions as tensions with Russia set to escalate.

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At that President Putin has recognised Crimea as an independent

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state, what is the legal implications for the current

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situation. Marc Weller is Professor of

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International Law at the University of Cambridge. He joins me now.

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President Putin saying that the referendum result must be respected,

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and he now says that Crimea is an independent state, is that a legal

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status for Crimea and what precedents are there that may help

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us to understand this current situation? This is the kind of game,

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because we know this is a 2-step process that Russia has gone for.

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Russia tries to avoid a situation where it would be accused

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immediately of having forcibly acquired the territory of a

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neighbouring state. Sometimes, something that is one of the gravest

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things against international legal order, there is only one such case

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that has occurred in the 21st century in Europe. That is Russia's

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occupation of two provinces of Georgia, which it also declared

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independent, but it has run and independently since 2008 since the

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armed conflict. What about the Kosovan referendum, what about

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Scotland, the referendum coming up here, what is the difference in

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legal terms between people fair in these regions having the right to

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decide if they should be independent or not? There are many critical

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differences. The Yugoslav federation dissolved and Kosovo became part of

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the overall federation disappearing. There is no suggestion that Ukraine

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had been under threat of dissolution. More are less, Kosovo

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had been repressed for ten years and at the time any, contrast to the

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Ukraine, it's Tommy had been by Belgrade and the UN mediator that

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dealt with the situation after the conflict, he came to the Security

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Council and said, we cannot hand back Kosovo to those that have been

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severely repressing it. -- its autonomy had been run by Belgrade.

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This is the first step. Normally, if you join really want to seek

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independence, you have to negotiate the terms. He remembered that David

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Cameron and Alex Salmond negotiating the referendum question and you look

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at the other options, perhaps enhanced autonomy would do the job.

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Now that the people of Crimea have taken the step, what is the basis

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for Russia to bear the brunt of the sanctions and the wrath of the

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international community, if they say that we accept the outcome of the

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referendum, it is what the people wanted, how can you triggered the

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sanctions against Russia? It is difficult to say that this is what

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the people wanted if you are at the same time virtually occupying the

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territory where these people live, and for the ultimate aim is to

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incorporate that territory into your own state. It is probably true that

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it was the genuine wish of many people in the Crimea to join Russia,

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but it is such a dangerous and difficult idea that you can just

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invade your neighbouring state or just use troops that you already had

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there, and then slice it off from that state and forcibly

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incorporated. That is why this is taken as such a serious incident,

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which is quite different from other cases. Thank you for taking us

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through the legal aspects. The continuing mystery of the

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missing Malaysian aeroplane is now focussing on the two pilots. The

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authorities now believe the final message from the airliner that

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disappeared nine days ago was made by the co-pilot. But it's still

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unclear whether that message, "all right, good night", made to ground

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controllers came after the plane's communication system had been turned

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off. 26 countries are involved in the search for the plane. From the

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Malaysian capital Kuala Lumpur Rupert Wingfield-Hayes sent this

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report. These are the last pictures of the

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captain and the co-pilot of flight MH370, going through security

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minutes before boarding the plane. Today, we learned that it is this

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man, the co-pilot, Fariq Abdul Hamid, who was in control of the

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aircraft moments before it disappeared. The initial

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investigation indicates that it was the co-pilot. He spoke the last time

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it was recorded on tape. Just two minutes after Fariq Abdul Hamid made

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that last call, the plane's transponder was switched off and

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flight MH370 disappeared from radar screens. In the last few days, the

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focus of suspicion has been very much on the captain of flight MH370,

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but following today's revelations, the focus appears certain to switch

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here. Behind me is the house where 27-year-old Fariq Abdul Hamid lived

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with his parents. Across the street is the mosque where he prayed. He is

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not the only suspect. This man's son, an aircraft engineer flying to

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a new job in Beijing, is also being investigated. For the families, the

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tortured wait for information drags on and on. And the area that must be

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searched only continues to grow. North, it stretches across western

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China to the shores of the Caspian Sea. To the south, from Indonesia,

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almost to the Antarctic. Analysts say that this mystery is

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unprecedented in aviation history. I think it was very well-planned. They

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knew what was there and what routes to go to. They practised it even.

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Whoever has planned this is well ahead of us. And we do not yet know

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where it is. It is going to be very challenging to be able to figure

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this out. Today, the Chinese Navy began stocking up for the long

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voyage into the Indian Ocean. There are now 26 countries involved in

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this search but whoever took the plane has left them almost no trail

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to follow. The fashion designer and girlfriend

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of Mick Jagger, L'Wren Scott, has been found dead at her apartment in

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New York. She is believed to have committed suicide by hanging

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herself. L'Wren Scott was forty-nine and had been in a relationship with

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the Rolling Stones singer for about thirteen years. A spokesman for Mick

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Jagger, who's on tour in Australia, said he was "completely shocked and

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devastated". L'Wren Scott had been a model, a

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stylist, and in recent years a successful fashion designer. She had

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shown collections at London Fashion Week. Elegant, the epitome of

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upmarket glamour. We are expanding in Europe, the Middle East.

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Today her body was found in her New York apartment. Initial reports say

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she was found with a scarf around her neck that was attached to a

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door. Born in Utah in the States, at six feet three inches she rather

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towered over her partner of the last 13 years, Mick Jagger. He is today

:15:01.:15:06.

in Perth in Australia preparing for concerts with the Rolling Stones. A

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spokesman said he was completely shocked and devastated by the news.

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His first wife Bianca Jagger says she is heartbroken. Tributes have

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also come from fellow designers who said she was a talented artist and

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giving friend. Let us go to New York now. What do

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we know? Her body was discovered at ten

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o'clock this morning by an assistant who had been asked to come around to

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this apartment building on the west side of Manhattan by a text message

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from L'Wren Scott. When she opened up the door she found her lifeless

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body and it was apparent she had committed suicide. The police say

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there is no foul play and they have not yet found a suicide note. The

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body has been taken away by the medical examiner who has not yet

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made any statement. But it does look like this was suicide.

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She was quite a force in the world of fashion in New York and in

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London. She was. She was a successful

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fashion designer and fashion icon. She had a celebrity qui tell. -- she

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had celebrity clients. In the fashion district there is a great

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deal of shock. Her passing has been met with disbelief.

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The Big Bang theory is one of the most fascinating of topics - a great

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enigma which has even given its name to a popular American comedy series.

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Well now scientists trying to explain the birth of the universe

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seem to have made a significant development. Astro-physicists at

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Harvard University in the US think they've detected space-time ripples

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left over from the Big Bang. Our Science Editor David Shukman

:17:46.:17:47.

reports. These are ancient and incredibly

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challenging mysteries. How the universe started. What was it that

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allowed everything we are familiar with to be born? Questions that

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modern science is trying to answer with the idea of a Big Bang. It's

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the theory of a single burst of creation and for the first time

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there is proof of this process at work. A telescope under the freezing

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skies of the South Pole is detecting clues from the earliest moments of

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time. Applause today for a major advance. At Harvard University the

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first results were unveiled. This is a genuine breakthrough in

:18:18.:18:23.

understanding how it all began. For decades the idea of a Big Bang

:18:24.:18:27.

giving birth to the universe has been a theory with no hard evidence

:18:28.:18:31.

of exactly how this works. Now this American team has discovered

:18:32.:18:34.

patterns in the energy left over from the earliest moments. From the

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particular twists in the light that was created back then, patterns that

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can only have been formed by ripples radiating out from the initial burst

:18:42.:18:46.

of the big bang. Those ripples are what ultimately allowed gravity to

:18:47.:18:49.

pull together the galaxies, stars and the planet. This is a major

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advance in understanding how we got here. Scientists all over the world

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have been poring over the results. This team gathered at Oxford

:19:03.:19:08.

University this afternoon. There is a recognition that this is a hugely

:19:09.:19:12.

important milestone. We don't know why the universe started expanding.

:19:13.:19:15.

We don't know why the big bang happened. This takes us as far back

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as it's possible to go and will hopefully help us figure that out.

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So all this raises a tantalising thought. If we can know how the Big

:19:27.:19:32.

Bang got going can we also find out how it actually started? The big

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question about our own existence. This type of light can travel and

:19:49.:19:57.

impeded. How do we know it is to do with the Big Bang? We look at the

:19:58.:20:06.

galaxies. Look deeper and deeper and they move even faster. If you run

:20:07.:20:11.

the movie back, so to speak, then you understand things must have been

:20:12.:20:15.

closer together in the past. That is the basis of the dearly. It is the

:20:16.:20:21.

idea that just after it got going that they moved to a super

:20:22.:20:26.

expansion. It is the marker that was left on the older slight in the sky

:20:27.:20:32.

that proves that that was the case. So we can say with certainty that

:20:33.:20:37.

this might is from the Big Bang? Yes. Scientists say it is very

:20:38.:20:41.

difficult for this particular marker to be made any other way. But if it

:20:42.:20:47.

is real it is very difficult to describe how that marker in the sky

:20:48.:20:52.

got to be there other than through super growth at the start of the

:20:53.:20:57.

universe. People will be trying to verify this. There's this Nobel

:20:58.:21:05.

prize territory? Absolutely. People have talked about this for a decade.

:21:06.:21:09.

The people who would see this marker on the sky would get a Nobel prize.

:21:10.:21:15.

Yes, it has to be verified. There is one experiment. Other people how to

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do that. We have just one experiment. There are other

:21:29.:21:30.

telescopes looking for this particular signature. Other

:21:31.:21:36.

telescopes that are even better than this coming online in the next few

:21:37.:21:40.

years. We will find out pretty quickly when the science community

:21:41.:21:47.

accepts this result. In time for this year's Nobel prize? Probably

:21:48.:21:52.

not this year, but maybe the year after. A South African guns expert

:21:53.:22:14.

has been testifying in Oscar Pistorius' murder trial. Sean Rens

:22:15.:22:17.

said that months before he killed his girlfriend, the athlete said he

:22:18.:22:21.

drew his gun and went into "combat mode'' after thinking he heard the

:22:22.:22:24.

noise of an intruder at his home. That sound turned out to be a

:22:25.:22:27.

washing machine. Pistorius is accused of murdering Reeva Steenkamp

:22:28.:22:32.

on Valentine's Day last year. A car bomb outside a military base

:22:33.:22:36.

in the eastern Libyan city of Benghazi has killed at least eight

:22:37.:22:39.

soldiers. More than ten other people were wounded. The bomb went off as

:22:40.:22:42.

people were leaving a graduation ceremony for officers at the

:22:43.:22:46.

barracks. US Navy Seals have taken control of

:22:47.:22:50.

a tanker loaded with oil owned by the Libyan government after a

:22:51.:22:52.

dramatic raid in international waters, south of Cyprus. The vessel

:22:53.:22:55.

known as Morning Glory evaded a naval blockade in the Libyan port of

:22:56.:22:59.

Sidra last week. The oil terminal has been under the control of

:23:00.:23:02.

militia wanting autonomy for Eastern Libya since July 2013.

:23:03.:23:08.

North Korea's ambassador to the UN has walked out of a hearing on human

:23:09.:23:12.

rights violations in his country, when a Japanese representative began

:23:13.:23:15.

to speak. The meeting was discussing a UN report that describes North

:23:16.:23:18.

Korea's crimes as being as chilling as those of the Nazis. A number of

:23:19.:23:22.

people who escaped from North Korea were there.

:23:23.:23:29.

Exiled Syrians are trying to reach back into their own country. One

:23:30.:23:40.

group the broadcast from Turkey. From a rooftop in Istanbul this

:23:41.:23:51.

person presents a programme. She used to read the news on Syrian

:23:52.:23:56.

state TV, but she got fed up with being told what to say so she went

:23:57.:24:08.

into exile. People in Syria changed. Now we want to speak. We want to say

:24:09.:24:19.

what we want. We are not afraid of anyone. The station has said radios

:24:20.:24:26.

to Syria. It asks its listeners to phone in. Some of them do not want

:24:27.:24:49.

to come back. Others want to make a deal with the regime.

:24:50.:24:58.

This man arranges the music of the station. Inside Syria he did the

:24:59.:25:16.

same thing for the government. I made songs for President Assad. If I

:25:17.:25:26.

still worked until now, maybe I would kill myself.

:25:27.:25:36.

In this war his music is used to inspire both sides.

:25:37.:25:52.

The European Union and the United States have announced asset freezes

:25:53.:25:56.

against officials who played a key role in the referendum and Crimea.

:25:57.:26:03.

But the president of Russia has signed a decree recognising Crimea

:26:04.:26:08.

as an independent state. The government in Kiev has said that

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Russia is holding Crimea at gunpoint and that will never accept the

:26:14.:26:18.

annexation of Crimea, but that has said it is willing to hold jocks

:26:19.:26:24.

with Moscow. CCTV vector is short the pilot and co-pilot from the

:26:25.:26:31.

missing Malaysian flight going through security before boarding the

:26:32.:26:38.

plane. That is all for now. Next it is the

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weather. Goodbye. The cloud increasing overnight. The

:26:42.:27:03.

breeze picking up. It will be a windy day tomorrow. The showers will

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be heavy.

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