10/07/2014 The One Show


10/07/2014

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Tonight, we have John Sergeant, talking about the history of the

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combine harvester. And Lucy Siegle is reporting on changes in milk

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production over the last 25 years on TASS hang on, what is going on in no

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I will tell you, I am in charge tonight, and there are going to be

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some big changes. Can we at least have our theme tune? All right,

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then. Run titles. Please welcome our boss for the

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night, John Craven! Lovely to have you in charge! That was a big run

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from the gallery. It is a big year for you, celebrating 25 years on

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Countryfile. Yes, hard believe. Very hard. But to celebrate, they have

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asked you to edit an episode, so you are having a dry run with us

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tonight. Just pretending. Following in the footsteps of Prince Charles.

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Yes, he was our first guest editor, and he selected exactly what he

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wanted on Countryfile. A few days later, I was at a reception for

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David Bellamy, for his 80th birthday, and Prince Philip was

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there. He came up to me and he said, my son was on your programme, in

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quite a proud way. I guess he is hoping for the same kind of service

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that we gave him with you! I am not sure! But it gives me the chance to

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look back at some of the things over the last 25 years which I would like

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to bring up to date, really. Are you happy for us to move on, for now? Of

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course, yes. On we go, then. Recently, we asked you to vote for

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which key problem facing the world should receive a ?10 million

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investment from the Longitude Prize. You voted for antibiotic

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resistance, which the Prime Minister has also identified as something

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which worries him. Tony Livesey has been to see how some cutting-edge

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research is being carried out, with the help of leaf-cutting ants.

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Millions of lives have been saved around the world next to this man,

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Alexander Fleming, who discovered penicillin, right here in Britain,

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in 1928. While new diseases are identified every year, the last new

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antibiotic was discovered 24 years ago, and back here are becoming more

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and more resistant. Finding a way to combat that resistance is occupying

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scientists around the world, which is where these little creatures come

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in - ants. Scientists have been studying these leafcutter ants from

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central and South America, which produce their own antibiotics using

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bacteria on their bodies, and it is thought they might hold the key to

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antibiotic resistance. Scientists have been travelling the globe,

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harvesting plants, marine life and insects in their search for new

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antibiotics. Here at the royal society, this colony of ants,

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belonging to Dr Matt Hutchings from the University of East Anglia, have

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won a coveted race at the summer exhibition. We evolve more slowly

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than bacteria, so they are evolving very clever methods so that we

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cannot destroy them. Then we need some help, which is why we need

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antibiotics. These ants have exactly the same problem that we have, they

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also grow bacteria on their bodies, which they use to treat disease, and

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we hope that they may be useful in human medicine. Why has this not

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been done before? We only discovered about ten years ago that the white

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covering on these ants were these bacteria, nobody knew they were

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growing these bacteria until ten years ago. So, we are testing these

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against fungi which commonly affect humans. This is a strain which kills

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the fungus. You can see, it is growing around it, but it cannot

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grow anywhere near it. This can be used in relation to a common

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infection. There are also four strains which are related to another

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particularly nasty organism. What are the chances of this being mass

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produced? First of all, we have to work out what the antibiotic is and

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how it works, then we have to make sure it is not toxic to humans, then

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it will go through clinical trials, and in about 10-15 years, if all

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goes well, it will get to the clinic. So, while we wait for the

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fans to do their stuff, what happens in the meantime? An estimated 25,000

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people die every year in Europe from antibiotic resistant infections,

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5000 of them in the UK. The Prime Minister has commissioned a review

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into why so few new drugs have been developed in recent years.

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We are in danger of going back to the dark ages of medicine, to

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infections which were treatable no longer treatable. So, the race is

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on. It is mankind versus bacteria. I have come to the London School of

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Hygiene Tropical Medicine to find out what might happen if the

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bacteria win. What have we got here? We have got MRSA, and you can

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see on here six risks which contain different antibiotics, and you can

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see the growth of the bacteria all around the plate. This zone here

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indicates that for that antibiotic, it is working, it is killing the

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bacteria. However, those four antibiotics are not working, so, if

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you were in a hospital and you were treated with those, they would not

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work. The danger I guess for you guys is if none of the six work? And

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that is happening at this moment. There are some bacteria which are

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resistant to all of the antibiotics, and that is the big issue. It is

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frightening. How worried are you, what is your doomsday scenario? That

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would be, if I went home into my garden and pricked my finger on a

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phone, and I got blood poisoning, and normally, you would think, I

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could have an antibiotic, but it may not be available, and you could get

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septicaemia and die. The chances are remote at the moment, but we have to

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be prepared. We know that incidences of resistance are increasing more

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and more, and now is the time to take action. So, it seems antibiotic

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resistance is one of the main threats to our future existence. Can

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a seemingly unimportant leafcutter ant save mankind? It is becoming

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increasingly apparent to me that something has to. We are joined by

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Dr Mark Porter. You would like to clarify something? I would like the

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leafcutter to save us, but the example they were talking about was

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antifungal, rather than antibacterial. But they are looking

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into that as well. That is the one which the Prime Minister is so

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worried about. How will the ?10 million prize helped the issue? It

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is a fortune, but it is a drop in the ocean in research terms. It

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costs about half ?1 billion at least to bring a new antibiotic to market.

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But this ?10 million will be useful to give people like me, GPs, a test

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so that we can tell whether you have got a viral or bacterial infection.

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Remember, most things do not need antibiotics, and I cannot tell the

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difference when I am looking at you. Imagine if I had some kind of

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dipstick so that I could tell immediately, and it would mean that

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I could use the antibiotics appropriately. I would not be urging

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on the side of caution, and you would not be pushing me for

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antibiotics, in a case where it would not work anyway. Some people

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do push for them. I am thinking, I cannot really tell, if he is really

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pushy, give him a perception. That is happening in surgeries all around

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the country. But say a patient comes in who genuinely needs antibiotics,

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how would this lack of resistance affect them? Actually, most bacteria

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which are resistant to antibiotics, even MRSA, are not that nasty for

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most of us. Most of us have it in the back of our throats, without

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even knowing. It is a big problem for people who are ill, with

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compromised immune systems, who are having chemotherapy, for example.

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But for most of us, they are not a problem - yet. You can come in with

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cystitis or a wound infection, I can treat you, and if the first one does

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not work, I normally have a reserve. It is not a Brit problem yet, but it

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could be going forward. It is all about stewardship. Indeed, together,

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we can do it. We need to do it together. Footage from a security

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camera captured this moment, when a manhole cover exploded in London

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last week. Thankfully, nobody was hurt. That it is not the first time

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it has happened. So far this year, there have been 64 reported

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incidents of exploding manhole covers. It may sound funny, but Joe

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Crowley has been talking to some people who can assure us it is

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anything but. Some of you might be a little bit superstitious about

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avoiding manholes, but it is ridiculous, right? What is the worst

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that could happen? Well, this. There has been a series of explosions from

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manhole covers across the UK, causing some serious injuries. The

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most recent high-profile incident was just last week in Piccadilly,

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central London. In fact, in 2011, pavement explosions across the UK

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quadrupled, leading to fears that one of them could soon be proving

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fatal. I am off to see Bradley, who experienced a pavement explosion

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just metres from his family home in Surrey. What happened? Basically,

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the manhole cover which was their, fire had blown a corner off it, it

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burned the hedge and the car. The fire was immense. And you have got

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two young kids, it could have been much worse? It could have been, if

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they were walking around the drive. It just happened within seconds,

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with no warning. How are you feeling about it now? Scared, we do not know

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if it is going to happen again. So, what exactly is causing the manholes

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to explode? what exactly is causing the manholes

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It is an electrical explosion, which is brought on by moisture getting

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into the electrics. Water and electricity do not mix. But this is

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a bit like leaves on the line, isn't it? This is a wet country! Surely

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these boxes should be built to withstand moisture? They are,

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normally, but there are about 50,000 of these in London alone. The

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failure rates are quite low, but those which have occurred have been

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the cause of concern. I was wondering if energy companies did

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not want to take responsible that he because it might set a precedent for

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future problems, but are you saying they have to take responsible to,

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because it is their asset? Indeed, it is. They have a duty to inspect

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and maintain them and all of that equipment. So, if it is a question

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of maintenance, does some of the blame lies with the energy

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distribution companies? When will these instances start to come down

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in numbers? These are caused by a number of factors. The vast majority

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are faults which occur on the system, without any impact on the

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external area. How would you reassure members of the public? We

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absolutely want to reassure people, there are more inspections taking

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place, more money being spent on this. Can we expect to see a

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creasing number of pavement explosions? Already, we only have a

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very small number of such incidences, and we are working to

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bring that number down. So, the industry says it is taking action,

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but while the number of pavement explosions continue to rise, you

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could be forgiven for being a little bit superstitious around manholes.

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I already do not walk across trains, now I will have to add manholes to

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that list as well! It makes me glad I work in the countryside! You are

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editing an episode of Countryfile, as we said, so you are effectively

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mapped's boss? Just for one week. It is going to be one week on Sunday. I

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am still working out what the content is going to be. But I would

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like to look back at some of the big issues which we have done over the

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years, and some of the fun things, and I have got a nice little story

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for you. You would not believe it, he set me up I am going to the very

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spot where a certain British car got its name from. And it is a pretty

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special car. It is. You have been too soft on him, John. Anyway, it is

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a brilliant programme, by the way, John. And I have asked Tom Heap to

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look into what has happened to the organic movement over the last 25

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years. The very first film I did on Countryfile was about - does organic

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farming have a future? So I am getting him to investigate. Is that

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one of the biggest changes? Because it is huge now, isn't it? It's hard

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to imagine but only about 15 years ago there were no farmers' markets

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in this country. I went to America to film for Countryfile in

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California, where they were big, and we just missed George Clooney buying

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his fruit and veg in Hollywood! We made that little film and we like to

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think that we were partly responsible for the growth of

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farmers' markets. People saw that film and thought, why don't we have

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one? And now there are 700 around the country. It has been a real

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change moving Countryfile to the evil and slot. -- evening slot. A

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huge difference. The morning programme was extremely popular but

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now it is the most popular of all programmes. -- factual programmes.

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Because we knew you were coming on, I wanted to look back through the

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Countryfile archives and find some really wonderful clips to show how

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wonderful a bloke John is so you can imagine my surprise when I found

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this. It's 50 years since I'll asked road

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one of these bikes but they do say you never forget how to ride a bike.

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Let's hope they're right. When I find out which producer came up with

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this idea... If I'd wanted to be in the hairy bikers I would have done

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cooking lessons at school. There is Matt Baker sat on the cosy One Show

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studio with the lovely Alex Jones. Rock and roll! This calendar again!

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Nothing but hedgehogs and chaffinches. It needs some shots of

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me. Harry Styles has one - why not John Craven? One more take and then

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I'm off. I hope the taxi is waiting. I hate the blooming countryside. It

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makes me sneeze. I'm off. Smile and invoice. Laters! Of course, we have

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to say a very big thank you to Jon Culshaw. That was brilliant. He does

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me very well. There he is earlier. Sometimes, John, when people see you

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on TV, they wonder if you are retiring. No, it's just 25 years.

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Just time to do another year or so. -- just signed. People ask if I want

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to be on the programme as long as you and the answer is, how long will

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you be on the programme? You see a hill and I have to confirm that I

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can climb the hill. You can see Countryfile this Sunday at 6pm on

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BBC One and John's 25th anniversary programme will be on our screens on

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the 20th of July. It's a week on Sunday! I'll just keep you right. I

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was saying that Countryfile is on this Sunday but yours is on next

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Sunday. Two Countryfile boys here! The summer holidays are within

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touching distance and John, your fondest childhood holiday? I was

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about 20 before I went abroad on holiday because in my generation,

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you didn't go abroad. I was born in Leeds so you used to go up the

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Yorkshire coast of Bridlington. Or sometimes Whitby, which was a bit

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more upmarket. Good fish and chips! The Isle of Sheppey is a destination

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close to the heart of actor Linda Robson and she took Christine

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Walkden for a girls' weekend away. They say birds of a feather flock

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together but during and 1960s, hordes of Londoners came to the Isle

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of Sheppey, off the north coast of Kent, for their summer holidays. One

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such London was actress Linda Robson and I'm taking her and her sisters

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Tina and Debbie on a trip down memory lane. This was our yearly

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holiday. Our dad used to drive us down on Friday, stay with us until

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Sunday, go back to work and because back-up the following weekend. Mum

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used to get the chalet for nothing because she would open it up and do

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all the cleaning. Dad would paint it, occasionally. After we direct

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it! -- after we had wrecked it. We are arriving in style in this board

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as ever, just like their dad owned in 1966. -- Ford Zephyr. How did he

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afford a car like this? It didn't seem flash at the time. He was a

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roofer and decorator. It was over 1000 quid, this car. He obviously

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had more money than he told us! We are heading for the holiday camps

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and amusement arcades. We were hyperventilating to get here! Those

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are the amusements that we used to go to. They got a few bob of hours!

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First up is the very camp that the girls used to stay at. It's exactly

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how I remember it. We didn't have settees, just a table and chairs. It

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was just time when you were away from all the distractions - no

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telephones, just family time, all talking and having a laugh, playing

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cards - and just all being together, away from everything. You both have

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the experience of having to grow up with a sister who has been famous.

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How did you view that? There are lots of privileges. It's been

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fantastic. A whole different life, really. It's been amazing. I don't

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like to tell her that too much! And it was right here at this club that

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Linda first took to the stage. Come on, you lot! Mum and dad were

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sitting down there watching. One two, three, go.

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# I want a man to hold me tight # I want a robot man #.

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I don't know whether some came from. We used to sing it as our party

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piece when we were young. -- where the song came from. OK, we'll leave

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it to Connie Francis who had a hit with Robot Man in 1964 stop time to

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have a well earned copper. This was our little treat. Sometimes me and

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my dad would come along here. Dad used to ask who wanted to go for a

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walk to buy the newspaper and you used a volunteer. It wasn't until we

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caught you one day that we realised you and dad was up here having a

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full English while we were at the chalet having cornflakes. You

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shouldn't have been so lazy! You should have come for a walk. I want

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to know about Nanny Linder. Granny sounds quite ancient. We are quite

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young! Until you've had a grandchild, you don't understand.

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When you wake up in the morning you think about them and you can't wait

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to see them. You don't want to give them back, do you? I think it's

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geocities sisters, cheers to Nannys and cheers to the Isle of Sheppey!

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Yes! My mum is a nanny for that exact

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reason. It's a good name. We are joined on the sofa by Waffle, a

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five-year-old Lakeland terrier who is absolutely gorgeous. She's been

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making headlines due to her ability to collect balls whilst out on walks

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with her owner Sarah, who has joined us. To be fair, quite a few balls.

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We've got a remarkable picture here. When did this all start? This

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started right from the age of about three months. She first found a

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leather ball at the top of the garden hidden away and that was a

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special treasure. From that moment, her mission in life is to rescue

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lost and lonely balls, wherever they are. Where do you keep all these

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balls? We've got literally hundreds of them in the garage. A remarkable

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coincidence - this morning when we were preparing for John, we wrote

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down all our questions and put them in balls around the BBC and we lost

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them. So thankfully, Waffle has found some of the questions for us.

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The first one - I think she went up to the office, didn't she? She's in

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my dressing room! I would have cleaned, had I known! Here is the

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first one. Now then, John, Waffle can't resist licking balls. What is

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your guilty secret? Guilty secret? I like pies, actually. Any kind of

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pie. Preferably meat pies, fruit pies. I know they're not very good

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for you. Mark would have a fit if I said Aida pies a lot. So would my

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wife. I'm a secret pie eater! -- if I said I bet pies a lot. Have a look

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at this. You've sat in a few vehicles in your time. This is a

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lorry driver's view. Look at his left wing mirrors. Everything looks

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normal but get out of the cab, walk around and this is the situation on

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the road. Look at that for a blindspot! Unbelievable. Marty

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Jopson has been to Bristol to see trials of a brand-new device which

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it is hoped will make cycling safer and may even save lives in the

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future. Every year in the UK, over 3000

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cyclists are seriously injured and over 100 are killed. But here in

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Bristol, a trial has just started on a new device that could alert

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drivers when bikes passed with an audible warning. Cycle Eye is a

:25:11.:25:15.

small box that has been designed to be mounted on the left-hand side of

:25:16.:25:20.

a bus, tracking anything that comes along, like a bike. The inventors

:25:21.:25:25.

claim that it can distinguish between bicycles and everything else

:25:26.:25:28.

on the road, from cars to pedestrians and even lamp posts.

:25:29.:25:33.

That means it will only one the bus tried when it's absolutely

:25:34.:25:39.

necessary. -- warn. Jim is one of the brains behind it. It has a

:25:40.:25:45.

camera. How does it work? There is a camera and a radar just below it.

:25:46.:25:49.

The radar is the primary sensor, which can detect the range, speed

:25:50.:25:53.

and type of object. We use the camera to verify what the radar is

:25:54.:25:57.

seeing and we get a dependable, robust system. The radar

:25:58.:26:02.

continuously sends out radio waves. When they hit something, like a

:26:03.:26:07.

bicycle, they bounced back to the receiver, just like this ball.

:26:08.:26:12.

Depending on how fast the radio waves or tennis ball bounces back

:26:13.:26:18.

from the scientist, the device can work out where the cyclist is. --

:26:19.:26:23.

from the cyclist. It can work out which direction they are going in

:26:24.:26:27.

and how fast. Inside the box above the wing mirror is a powerful

:26:28.:26:32.

computer which processes the data in real-time. But how does it know if

:26:33.:26:39.

it is actually a cyclist? Here we have the video. This is what the

:26:40.:26:44.

radar sees. If I run this through... That's me! Yes, and

:26:45.:26:49.

that's your radar trace. It knew I was a cyclist. It's very difficult

:26:50.:26:55.

to see for the human eye but using the computer, we can look at the

:26:56.:26:58.

very small differences between them and tell what an object is. We don't

:26:59.:27:02.

want the system going off all the time because the driver would end up

:27:03.:27:05.

ignoring it so it's very important that it only picks up cyclists. I

:27:06.:27:10.

think it's time to put it to the test. Cyclist left. Will it spot a

:27:11.:27:20.

bicycle made for two? Cyclist left. It saw us! It seems to be working

:27:21.:27:24.

but let's make it a bit harder. Cyclist left. Well, I'd probably

:27:25.:27:29.

want the driver to know if I was scooting up the inside lane on one

:27:30.:27:33.

of these! In recent years, Bristol buses have had to cope with a 94%

:27:34.:27:39.

rise in people cycling to work and a two-month trial has just started

:27:40.:27:44.

here to help fine tune the device. Today is the first time driver Alex

:27:45.:27:47.

will be giving it a go. What's it like driving a bus in Bristol? It's

:27:48.:27:52.

a challenge. The same as driving any other large vehicles. You have to be

:27:53.:28:02.

ultra-mindful of the cyclists. The volume of cyclist is exceptional in

:28:03.:28:06.

Bristol. Let's see how it gets on on the road. All we need now is a few

:28:07.:28:15.

bicycles. There is a cyclist we're about to overtake but it didn't see

:28:16.:28:18.

it because we overtook the bicycle. That's fine. Here is a cyclist.

:28:19.:28:26.

Cyclist left. It got that one! Cyclist left. That was a motorbike.

:28:27.:28:32.

That is close. Not bad for a first go. This is an incredibly ingenious

:28:33.:28:40.

system and our little trip around Bristol has proved that it's part of

:28:41.:28:43.

every single bicycle that passed us on the left-hand side. It is still

:28:44.:28:51.

in development but when and if it finally ends up on the buses, it

:28:52.:28:54.

could be a life-saver. You should have seen Waffle's face

:28:55.:28:58.

when Marty got that tennis ball out. That's all we got time for. John,

:28:59.:29:04.

thank you so much. You can see Countryfile every Sunday with

:29:05.:29:07.

John's special 25th anniversary on the 20th of July at 7:30 p.m..

:29:08.:29:12.

Thanks to Waffle and Sarah. Dan and I will be joined by Nicole

:29:13.:29:16.

Scherzinger tomorrow. See you then. Goodbye.

:29:17.:29:24.

If your friend was taken away... # Not giving in... #

:29:25.:29:26.

I'm afraid there's not much we can do.

:29:27.:29:29.

..how would you fight to get her back?

:29:30.:29:31.

This is wrong. I'm not going to carry on as if nothing has happened.

:29:32.:29:34.

You think anyone should be allowed to live here?

:29:35.:29:40.

We're under attack and we can't defend ourselves alone.

:29:41.:29:43.

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