Sister Kenny


Sister Kenny

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Transcript


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Michael, it's Elizabeth!

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-Hello, Alan.

-Hello, Miss Kenny. Glad to see you back.

-Thank you.

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-Mother!

-Darling.

-Elizabeth.

-Father, darling.

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-You're home.

-It's wonderful. How are you?

-Fine.

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-Dr McDonnell.

-What do you think of your daughter?

-I don't know what kind of a nurse she's going to make.

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-I guess I'll have to get sick to find out.

-We wanted to see your graduation but we've been so busy...

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Did you see her graduate, doctor?

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-He came in in the middle of my oath.

-In time for the important part.

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-What was that?

-"With loyalty will I aid the physician in his work."

-Precisely.

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-She'll be no good.

-Why?

-Nursing is a career for a homely woman and not one of the Kenny girls is homely.

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There'll be trouble.

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-I'm a bit concerned.

-It's a nurse's duty to keep the patients cheerful.

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Not that cheerful. You haven't told us all the news about Mrs McDonnell.

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Michael means that we heard Nellie was going to have a baby.

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Yes, she lost it.

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-Oh, dear. Again. She loves children so.

-She's very good with them too.

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She wants Elizabeth to stay with us when she comes into the hospital.

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-Remember when you stayed when you broke your arm?

-I do.

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-That's when you decided I wanted to be a nurse.

-I discovered a talent.

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-And you didn't encourage it?

-You did it of your own free will.

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-Many people do as YOU want.

-You're a born nurse and you know it.

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Our hospital's a fine chance for you. It's going to grow. Some day you'll be matron there. When can you start?

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I'm not going to your hospital, Dr McDonnell. I'm staying here.

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-What are you going to do?

-Be a bush nurse.

-Bush nurse?

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Do you remember what you said when I broke my arm?

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"A good bush nurse could have set that arm without breaking it."

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I'm going to be that bush nurse.

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That's quite a responsibility.

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-I'm the nearest doctor and I'm 50 miles away.

-That's the point.

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-A couple of years in our hospital would give you more confidence.

-Then I'd never be a bush nurse.

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-Where did you get this crazy idea?

-From you.

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Why start something you can't finish? It's a killing life.

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-I grew up in the bush.

-Not as a nurse, 30 miles from one neighbour to the next, always in the saddle.

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-Dirty cabins, boiling bedclothes...

-I've thought of all that.

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If you wanted to be really useful as a nurse, where would you work?

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-Who's asking questions?

-Tell me I'm not needed here.

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Elizabeth, I'm very worried about you.

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Someday that stubborn streak's going to get you into trouble.

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How soon do you think?

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In six months, you'll be applying at the hospital either as a nurse or as a patient.

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INAUDIBLE

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PIPE MUSIC STOPS

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INAUDIBLE

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Whisht!

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Whisht, everybody.

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Elizabeth Kenny, we have gathered here tonight to do you honour.

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-<

-And it's about time!

-Whisht, will yer?

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..To do you honour. It's about time. LAUGHTER

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You've laboured amongst us without a thought for yourself.

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In lonely watches of the night, in foul weather...

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Get on with it, Angus.

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If you think you can do any better, come up and do it!

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LAUGHTER

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-Where was I? He's driven it out of my head.

-It's a beautiful speech.

-It was when I tried it on Maggie.

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There's some of us here who wouldnae be here, if you hadn't patched us up.

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Look at me.

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Two years ago when I had a broken leg, I thought I'd never walk again.

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All the bairns you brought into the world. Aye, a bonny crop of Aussies.

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Aye, they are. Don't forget me, Angus.

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-She pulled me through pneumonia.

-Aye, but she's allowed one mistake.

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Nurse Kenny, since you won't get a penny for what you've done, we've all got together and...Archie!

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Archie!

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APPLAUSE

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-Speech!

-Speech!

-Speech!

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-Well, I... I don't know what to say.

-HORSE WHINNIES

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You shouldn't have. I can't tell you how much...

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HORSE WHINNIES

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LAUGHTER

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I'm not good at making speeches...

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HORSE WHINNIES

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-LAUGHTER

-He seems to be able to say it far better than I can.

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Thank you, thank you all. Now, let's go on with the dance.

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PIPE MUSIC RESTARTS

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INAUDIBLE

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INAUDIBLE

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INAUDIBLE

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CHILD GROANS

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Does it hurt here, Dorrie?

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Here too?

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She went lame yesterday, just like I've seen cows do before they fall.

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Can't you straighten your leg, Dorrie?

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Try this one. Try, now.

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There, don't cry. We're not going to hurt you.

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Try and go to sleep now.

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I fell over.

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Yes.

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But we're going to fix you up.

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Are you sure it isn't the cow sickness?

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-What ails her, Nurse Kenny?

-What is it?

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Don't you know what it is?

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No, Martha, I don't.

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-Where's the nearest telegraph office?

-Dry Fork.

-How long will it take?

-About an hour.

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Wake up the operator. It's got to get through.

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-It's a Dr McDonnell in Toowoomba.

-But he can't get out here.

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He can tell me what to do. Please hurry.

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-<

-Mummy, can I go with Daddy?

-You go back to sleep now, Nora.

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Martha, keep the twins away from Dorrie. It might be catching.

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DORRIE GROANS

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-Can't you do something? The pain's so bad.

-I can't do anything until I hear from Dr McDonnell.

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I can't stand to hear her cry.

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Go and make some tea and try and get some rest.

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Everything will be all right when we hear from Dr McDonnell.

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DORRIE GROANS

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Nurse Kenny! Nurse Kenny!

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Did you get an answer?

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What is it?

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-What does it say?

-Infantile paralysis.

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-Paralysis?

-They don't know how to treat it. What kind of help is that?

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-"No known treatment."

-That's what it says.

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What are we going to do?

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-What the telegram says.

-It says "no known treatment".

-Read it again.

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"Do the best you can with the..."

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"With the symptoms presenting themselves."

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She's twisted into knots.

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Yes. These muscles are contracted. They're pulling her into knots.

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-They're paralysed?

-If they were paralysed, they couldn't pull.

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They feel tense.

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Her back is arched.

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The spinal muscles feel contracted.

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DORRIE MOANS

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The posterior neck muscles too.

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Better?

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They look to me to be shorter than they should be.

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Pulling against other muscles. That's why she's in pain.

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You see, this muscle isn't tense.

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This opposing muscle is.

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Looks to me to be drawn up in a kind of spasm or something.

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Spasm.

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I'll need your help, Martha.

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I'm going to try moist heat, as hot as she can stand it.

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We'll tear an old blanket into strips. Build up the fire.

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Get me the basin first, please. Martha, You'd better bring towels.

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Help Martha first, please. Take that towel.

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Take the other end of it, Martha.

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Hold it over the basin.

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Now, you keep fixing these strips.

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I'll put them on Dorrie as fast as they're ready. Here.

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Give me that end. Lift the basin, Martha. Twist it now. Hard.

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There mustn't be any water in that wool or it'll scald her skin.

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Like that.

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Get another one ready. You'll have to do this whenever they lose heat.

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Now Dorrie, this is going to feel hot but it won't burn you.

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Don't be frightened.

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I'm going to wrap you all up in hot rags.

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-I won't need any more, Martha.

->

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There.

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Now we'll keep the heat in.

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Feeling better, Dorrie?

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Dorrie?

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She's asleep!

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-Hello, Kevin!

-Hello, Mr Kenny.

-Well, well, well.

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-How are you, my boy?

-Grand, thank you.

-Hello.

-Mother Kenny.

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-You look so well.

-It's lovely to see you.

-The army hasn't done you any harm.

-It's good to get out of it.

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-This country suits me.

-We expected you last night.

-Oh?

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-Where's Elizabeth?

-We've hardly seen her for days.

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-Infantile paralysis - she's got five cases.

-I hope it doesn't spread any more.

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If you want an epidemic, just send for me. What did you say it was?

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Infantile paralysis.

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-That's bad, isn't it?

-Terrible.

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-It would break your heart to see those children.

-Is it contagious?

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Nobody seems to know anything about it.

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Whisht! Here she comes.

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Get back, she'll see you. Remember the plan. Get in the pantry.

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Get busy, Mary.

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-I think it's mean.

-Come on, Mary. Cut the bread, pour the tea. Whatever you do, do it natural.

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Michael.

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-Is he here yet?

-Are you sure it was today?

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Well, you saw his letter.

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-Any more cases, dear?

-No, thank goodness.

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-How's the little Benson girl?

-Only fair. I'm going over there tonight.

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-Got to go to the McIntyres first.

-What about Kevin?

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-Why does he have to come at a time like this?

-Elizabeth!

-I mean it.

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That's a fine way to talk

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-about a fine boy fighting in India for the motherland.

-Nonsense.

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He was sitting on a small hill in Afghanistan.

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-What would he say if he heard that?

-That's what he told me.

-You know you wanna see him.

-Course I do.

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I'm dying to see him but look at me.

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I don't want things to happen like last time.

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-There's mutton in the pantry, can you get it?

-I just want some tea.

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-Hm. Why the best china?

-It's pretty, isn't it?

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Oh, I've mislaid my spectacles.

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Where...? Oh, yes. I was fixing a shelf in the pantry.

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Elizabeth, would you...?

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Thank you.

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I think I will have some of that mutton.

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PLATE SMASHES

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Kevin, I don't think you should come.

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-You only found one case in a family and then in houses miles apart.

-That doesn't prove it isn't catching.

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My only chance of getting attention from you is to get sick myself.

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I want to see Dorrie McIntyre.

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Come on, boy. Whoa!

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Whoa! Nurse Kenny, my mother wants you to come as quick as you can.

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-What happened?

-My brother's got it.

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Oh.

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Is he in much pain?

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Yes, his back's bent and he can hardly breathe. Will you come?

0:19:320:19:37

Yes, Geordie. I'll come.

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-But Liz, can't I drive you?

-It looks like it's contagious this time.

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Will you go on to the McIntyres and say I'll be along as soon as I can.

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I'll drive over with Geordie. You can bring me back. Gee-up!

0:19:560:20:00

Come on, boy. Take your time.

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Dorrie, that's exactly what happened.

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Just when I was all ready, Nurse Kenny rode off with another chap.

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Dorrie here is just as bad, Nurse Kenny.

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-She didn't even remember me.

-You remember him, don't you?

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-No, I don't.

-Three years ago you went to sleep in my arms.

-I didn't!

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He brought your brother and sister. No, he didn't!

0:20:380:20:42

-Where are the twins?

-At my sister-in-law's.

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-Nurse thought it might be catching.

-Does that hurt?

-No.

-Good girl.

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-She has been good, Nurse Kenny, so still and patient.

-When we changed the rags, she never stirred.

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I don't think she's going to need more hot rags. The spasm's gone.

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-You'll soon be dancing around like a kangaroo.

-Will you dance with me?

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-I don't know how.

-Well, I'll teach you. Captain Connors is very good.

0:21:090:21:15

-I don't know how she knows.

-You always thought you were.

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You won't need me any more.

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-Can she get up now?

-Yes. Sit up and we'll put your nightie on.

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All the way up, dear.

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-Don't tease Nurse Kenny. Sit up. Here's your nightie.

-Just a minute.

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-Don't you want to sit up, Dorrie?

-Yes.

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Lie still.

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Now, do that yourself. Put your knee up like you do when you walk.

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Pull it up, darling. Try, dear.

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-Try hard.

-I can't!

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Move your leg, dear. Just move it.

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-I can't!

-She's paralysed.

-Martha.

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-Does this leg feel numb, Dorrie?

-It feels funny.

-Course it does.

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See how I'm moving your leg now?

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It's as if you were walking in bed.

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The legs look perfectly normal to me.

0:22:340:22:37

Dorrie, I think you're just lazy.

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You want me to move your legs for you when you walk.

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That's a silly idea, isn't it?

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There now. I'm tired of walking for you. You do it for yourself.

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Lift your legs as if you were walking, Dorrie.

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-Try, Dorrie.

-I can't. I can't!

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Oh, my baby! She's paralysed.

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MARTHA SOBS

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-Teach me how to dance, Nurse Kenny.

-Oh, my baby, my baby!

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You know what the trouble is?

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You've forgotten how to walk. You've been in bed so long.

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I didn't forget. My legs won't do it.

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Very well then. We'll blame your legs.

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Dorrie didn't forget. They forgot.

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Look at those wicked legs. They've forgotten how to walk.

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We're going to have to teach them all over again.

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How can I teach them when they haven't got ears?

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Dorrie, you should have grown ears on your legs.

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Do you know how people talk to each other when they haven't got ears?

0:24:100:24:14

They talk with their hands.

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That's what we're going to do.

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You don't know it, Dorrie, but I'm scolding away at these muscles.

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Yes.

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I'm giving them such a talking to.

0:24:370:24:40

-Dorrie, one of them just answered back.

-What did it say?

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It said it couldn't remember.

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-I told it it had to remember.

-Think, dear. Think hard. Try to remember.

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This has nothing to do with her memory. I don't want her to think.

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-Look.

-What is it?

0:25:010:25:05

Dorrie, your leg just told me something.

0:25:050:25:09

It's beginning to think it can remember.

0:25:090:25:12

Now, you think, Dorrie.

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Think with it.

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Think of pulling from here.

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Pulling from here, Dorrie.

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Now, lift your leg.

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Lift your leg.

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My darling!

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-You wicked leg.

-I wouldn't scold it, Dorrie.

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The last thing it said to me was that it was going to be good.

0:26:060:26:10

You're going to walk again, Dorrie, and dance, but it will take time.

0:26:130:26:18

That's enough for today.

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Oh, Kevin, I was scared.

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I sort of thought so.

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But Dorrie didn't know it. Neither did her mother.

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Liz, before she moved her leg, you told me to look. What was I to see?

0:26:380:26:43

The tendon. It began to stand out. Then I knew it wasn't paralysed.

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I'd been trying to get that reflex. If I'd been a doctor I'd have known what to do.

0:26:480:26:54

-It's lucky I found out on my first case. I may get the same with the others.

-How's Geordie's brother?

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Pretty bad.

0:27:010:27:04

You know, Liz, sometimes I get scared.

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What made you take up nursing in the first place?

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I like nursing.

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Where's it going to end?

0:27:140:27:17

Kevin, what are you afraid of?

0:27:170:27:20

You and nursing.

0:27:200:27:22

Oh, darling. Don't be ridiculous!

0:27:220:27:25

-I told you I'd give it up when you came back.

-Well, I'm here.

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-And I'm going to marry you.

-When?

-As soon as these children are well.

0:27:300:27:35

-No more cases?

-No more cases.

-No more babies?

-No more...well.

0:27:350:27:39

Except our own.

0:27:390:27:42

Cold feet?

0:28:050:28:07

They're freezing. You don't know him.

0:28:070:28:10

-Do you mind if I see him alone first?

-No.

0:28:100:28:14

-I don't see why you have to.

-I'll be two minutes.

-We'll wait two minutes. Come on, Dorrie.

0:28:140:28:21

-Elizabeth, you look as if you're going to a party.

-Do you like it?

0:28:240:28:29

-Yes. Have a chicken leg. I'm just eating my lunch.

-Well, you eat it.

0:28:290:28:34

-A pickle?

-No, thanks. Doctor, you're going to be disappointed in me.

0:28:340:28:38

-Oh, no! I'm sure you did the right thing.

-You knew about it all along?

0:28:380:28:44

-Why, of course!

-Well... Who told you?

0:28:440:28:48

-You did. You sent me the telegram.

-Oh, dear. This has nothing to do...

0:28:480:28:53

I asked Dr Brack to go, but with so many cases here, he didn't have time.

0:28:530:28:57

-Thank goodness you had only one.

-Six.

0:28:570:29:01

Six?

0:29:010:29:03

-Six.

-Oh, dear.

0:29:030:29:06

-Now - why I'm here. There's a young man outside...

-How many cases did you lose? How many children died?

0:29:060:29:13

Why, none.

0:29:130:29:16

-Dr McDonnell, I want you to meet a man...

-I'll examine him later.

0:29:170:29:22

How much crippling did you have?

0:29:220:29:24

-How many children are deformed?

-Not any!

0:29:240:29:28

You had five more cases like the one you described and they recovered?

0:29:280:29:33

-Yes.

-That's fantastic.

0:29:330:29:35

I'm still working on my last case. I'm still re-educating his muscles.

0:29:350:29:40

-What?

-Teaching them to work again.

0:29:400:29:43

Teaching, re-educating - you must know all about it.

0:29:430:29:47

-It's what you told me to do.

-What did I say?

-Treat the symptoms.

0:29:470:29:52

For spasm, moist heat. Then I had a shock when I had to re-educate the muscles. You didn't mention that.

0:29:520:29:59

Re-education, moist heat, spasm - these terms are not in the standard work on infantile paralysis.

0:29:590:30:06

-May I see it?

-You'll see something else first. Come with me.

0:30:060:30:11

One of us is crazy.

0:30:110:30:13

-Liz!

->

0:30:130:30:15

I'll be with you in a moment.

0:30:150:30:18

Now, these are cases of infantile paralysis that ran true to form.

0:30:230:30:28

-Hello, doctor.

-Hello, how's Becky?

0:30:290:30:31

Oh, Becky's fine today.

0:30:310:30:34

-Hello, Dr McDonnell!

-Hello, David.

0:30:340:30:38

Are they getting better?

0:30:390:30:42

They get worse instead of better.

0:30:420:30:45

88 out of every 100 cases finish this way.

0:30:460:30:50

-So you had six cases and they all recovered?

-Yes.

-That's fantastic.

0:30:590:31:04

-Let's check the symptoms. Headache?

-Yes.

-Fever?

-Yes.

-Muscular pain? Limbs twisted? Back arched?

-Yes.

0:31:040:31:11

-Trouble breathing?

-One case.

-That's very bad.

-Liz!

-With you in a moment.

0:31:110:31:16

It couldn't be a clearer picture, Elizabeth.

0:31:160:31:20

There's infantile paralysis in the acute stage. Is that what you saw?

0:31:200:31:25

Yes. That's exactly like my second case. That's like the Benson girl.

0:31:250:31:30

-The same muscles were shortened.

-Shortened?

-They were in spasm.

0:31:300:31:35

-You said treat the symptoms. That's all I did.

-That's what you think.

0:31:350:31:40

Elizabeth, I don't think you realise what you've done.

0:31:400:31:44

I may be wrong. I'm just a general practitioner.

0:31:440:31:48

Dr Brack will know. It's his field. Let's go to his office.

0:31:480:31:52

-He's one of the best.

-Dr McDonnell.

-I'll be with you in a moment.

0:31:520:31:57

We'll stop this.

0:32:030:32:05

I shall never forget that telegram.

0:32:090:32:12

-It was as concise a description of the symptoms of poliomyelitis as I've ever seen.

-Thank you, doctor.

0:32:120:32:20

Sit down. I want to hear everything. It was a little girl?

0:32:200:32:24

-Yes.

-Tragic business. Is she badly crippled?

-No.

-Fine, fine.

0:32:240:32:29

-You were lucky only one case developed.

-She had six cases.

0:32:290:32:33

Really? But, why weren't they reported?

0:32:330:32:37

-They have all recovered and there is no crippling.

-How extraordinary.

0:32:370:32:42

No crippling, Brack.

0:32:420:32:44

I don't know of another epidemic that was so light.

0:32:440:32:49

-I wouldn't call it light.

-I don't think you've got the point.

0:32:490:32:53

I'm no expert,

0:32:530:32:56

but I think she has discovered a new treatment for infantile paralysis,

0:32:560:33:01

and what's more, it's successful.

0:33:010:33:03

McDonnell, I'd say you may be wrong.

0:33:030:33:07

-But let's hear it. Sit down, Nurse Kenny. Sit down.

-You sit down.

-Don't mind my scepticism.

0:33:070:33:13

McDonnell is a joker. He may be pulling my leg.

0:33:130:33:17

-What did you do?

-First, I treated the shortened muscles for spasm.

0:33:170:33:23

-Spasm?

-Spasm.

0:33:230:33:25

-And then?

-Then I thought they were well but they weren't.

0:33:250:33:30

Some muscles were paralysed.

0:33:300:33:32

-I thought they were.

-Well, weren't they?

0:33:330:33:36

They were disconnected from the brain, alienated.

0:33:360:33:40

They certainly didn't work.

0:33:400:33:43

Oh, I see - alienated.

0:33:430:33:45

It wasn't the sick muscles that were alienated. It was the others.

0:33:450:33:50

Did you hear that? The other ones were alienated. What did you do?

0:33:500:33:55

There was still some reflex, so I re-educated the muscles.

0:33:550:33:59

And they lived happily ever after?

0:34:010:34:04

-McDonnell, are you serious about this?

-I certainly am.

0:34:040:34:09

Then you're a bigger fool than I thought.

0:34:090:34:12

Nurse Kenny, I don't want to hurt your feelings. You did a fine job.

0:34:120:34:17

-But it might be useful for you to know what really happens in polio.

-But what happens didn't happen.

0:34:170:34:24

We'll come to that in a minute. Come here.

0:34:240:34:28

I use this to show how infantile paralysis produces deformity.

0:34:280:34:33

This is the normal functioning of the leg. The muscles pull against each other in pairs.

0:34:330:34:40

What happens in infantile paralysis?

0:34:400:34:43

These muscles become paralysed and can't pull.

0:34:430:34:47

These normal muscles contract and, meeting no resistance, pull the leg into a deformed position.

0:34:470:34:54

-Did you see that in your patients?

-Yes.

-It may become a permanent deformity.

-What do you say to that?

0:34:540:35:01

-You say these muscles are sick.

-Paralysed.

0:35:010:35:04

But if they were not paralysed.

0:35:040:35:08

If they were normal and these ones were sick, drawn up in spasm,

0:35:080:35:13

they'd contract and you'd get the same deformity, wouldn't you?

0:35:130:35:18

-Exactly what occurred to me.

-Nonsense. You're trying to find a reason for an irrational concept.

0:35:180:35:25

-But it IS rational.

-You can't take theory that's been accepted for 50 years and turn it upside-down.

0:35:250:35:32

-Spasm, re-education... I don't know what they mean.

-They're not in the books. Nurse knows what they mean.

0:35:320:35:39

If her theories were correct, she'd have discovered not a new treatment but a new disease.

0:35:390:35:46

Fine, as long as she can cure it.

0:35:460:35:49

-Are we to take Nurse Kenny's work against Sir Robert Jenkins?

-Oh, no!

0:35:490:35:54

You can't take her word when you haven't heard it.

0:35:540:35:58

I think this is very important.

0:35:580:36:00

I'm asking you to sit down and listen to what she did.

0:36:000:36:05

Very well.

0:36:050:36:07

Oh, sorry.

0:36:150:36:18

Where's Nurse Kenny?

0:36:210:36:23

It's about time to find out, Dorrie.

0:36:230:36:26

Come on.

0:36:260:36:28

Let me sum up your interpretation of the symptoms you observed.

0:36:320:36:38

You say the muscle we call sick is not sick,

0:36:380:36:41

but it's the opposing muscle.

0:36:410:36:44

Secondly, you say that the sick muscles do not become paralysed,

0:36:440:36:50

-but that the opposing muscles, pulled out of their normal length, lose their function.

-Yes, doctor.

0:36:500:36:58

These apparently paralysed muscles can have their function restored

0:36:580:37:03

by stimulating certain reflexes,

0:37:030:37:06

-what you call re-education.

-That's it.

0:37:060:37:10

Well, yes. These certainly are revolutionary discoveries.

0:37:110:37:16

-So, I've found a way to help the children?

-No, you've wasted my time.

0:37:160:37:22

Before you revolutionise medicine, learn that it is facts not fancies.

0:37:220:37:28

-But surely, Brack...

-It's taken me 20 years to collect this library.

0:37:280:37:33

Every book in this section is by an authority on polio.

0:37:330:37:37

Spasm, re-education, alienation - you won't find them in the books.

0:37:370:37:42

-They deal with facts.

-But that's what we are here for.

0:37:420:37:46

Nurse Kenny's brought a few facts and they're new ones.

0:37:460:37:51

-She did something.

-She did something dangerous.

0:37:510:37:54

The acute stage has no treatment.

0:37:540:37:57

The only fight is against frightful deformity.

0:37:570:38:00

-The only treatment is prompt, complete immobilisation.

-How?

0:38:000:38:05

-You put them in splints.

-But they must be in agony.

0:38:050:38:09

It's better than lifelong deformity.

0:38:090:38:12

If you make the arms and legs rigid, how can they learn to walk again?

0:38:120:38:17

My dear girl...

0:38:170:38:22

KNOCK AT DOOR

0:38:190:38:22

Yes?

0:38:200:38:22

He can do it now, Dr Brack. He insisted on coming right now.

0:38:230:38:28

Excellent. Show me. You're very clever, David.

0:38:280:38:32

-Go ahead, you've got an audience.

-Easy, David.

-No, as hard as you can.

0:38:320:38:37

-Oh, I'm sorry, Dr Brack!

-Not at all.

0:38:390:38:42

That's very clever of you, David. I'm glad you came in.

0:38:420:38:47

Nurse Kenny, this is an example of poliomyelitis in its chronic stage.

0:38:470:38:53

He had no spasm, no hot pack, no alienation or re-education.

0:38:530:38:57

You should not encourage a nurse to contradict the greatest...

0:38:570:39:02

-I'm not contradicting you.

-I don't mean myself.

0:39:020:39:06

I'm not contradicting anybody. I didn't know what the disease was.

0:39:060:39:12

-It was your diagnosis, Brack.

-Your patients are not deformed?

-No.

0:39:120:39:17

-Deformities can develop later.

-Look, the man you wanted me to examine.

0:39:170:39:23

No, it's the child. This is my first patient. Come here, Dorrie.

0:39:230:39:28

-Take a look at her, Brack. Is she recovered or not?

-Let's find out.

0:39:280:39:33

-Kevin, come in. I'll explain in a minute.

-Take her clothes off, nurse.

0:39:330:39:38

Yes, doctor.

0:39:380:39:40

-Which leg was affected?

-Both legs.

0:39:410:39:44

Sit down, dear.

0:39:440:39:46

-Arms?

-No, not the arms.

0:39:460:39:49

-Spine?

-Yes, and the posterior neck muscles.

0:39:490:39:53

Dorrie, look at those knees. You've got them all dirty.

0:39:540:39:58

Those hands aren't too clean either.

0:39:580:40:01

Now, lie down for the doctor.

0:40:010:40:04

OK.

0:40:040:40:06

Now, flex your leg.

0:40:060:40:09

Hold your leg against my hand. Hold tight.

0:40:110:40:15

Normal strength - she takes full resistance. Pull your foot up.

0:40:160:40:21

Push down.

0:40:240:40:26

Yes... Sit up.

0:40:270:40:29

Lean forward.

0:40:310:40:33

Perfectly straight, no scoliosis.

0:40:350:40:38

-Sit up.

-You did a good job. She looks perfectly well.

-Perfectly.

0:40:380:40:43

I knew you just had to see her. Show the doctor how you can run.

0:40:430:40:48

I can dance too. She taught me how to dance. I can do cartwheels.

0:40:480:40:53

There it is.

0:41:010:41:03

They've had the same disease and different treatments.

0:41:030:41:07

-Are you sick?

-I was, but I'm well now.

0:41:070:41:11

-What's your name?

-David.

0:41:110:41:14

-What's your name?

-Dorrie.

0:41:140:41:17

-You know what? I can kick a football.

-Wanna see me dance again?

0:41:180:41:24

No, do another cartwheel.

0:41:240:41:27

Dorrie.

0:41:270:41:29

-Come along, David. Nurse, take him out of here.

-Yes, doctor.

0:41:330:41:38

-Goodbye.

-Bye.

0:41:430:41:46

Well, it looks like this little fact here with dirty knees is not your books and braces orthodox treatment.

0:41:560:42:04

I said your facts weren't right. Here's your first wrong fact.

0:42:040:42:09

This child never had infantile paralysis.

0:42:090:42:12

-Never had it?

-Not a trace of it.

-Are you out of your mind?

0:42:120:42:17

-My experience proves that no child could have recovered from polio so quickly.

-Then what did she have?

0:42:170:42:24

-I wasn't there.

-But the telegram...

0:42:240:42:27

The symptoms were not accurately observed.

0:42:270:42:30

-Liz, if you want me as a witness...

-No, Kevin, please.

0:42:300:42:34

-Nurse Kenny says those symptoms were observed.

-She's a good nurse.

-She's more then that.

-Has she got degrees?

0:42:340:42:41

That's the point. If she'd been a doctor she'd have followed the orthodox treatment.

0:42:410:42:48

-Why not let nurses do our job(?)

-OK... KEVIN: Just a minute, doctor.

0:42:480:42:54

I saw this child when she couldn't move.

0:42:540:42:57

-Are you a doctor too?

-I saw her make Dorrie walk.

0:42:570:43:01

Nurse Kenny, your friends are going to lead you into grave trouble.

0:43:010:43:06

I advise you to stick to nursing and not meddle with medicine.

0:43:060:43:11

Leave it to those who've studied it. Excuse me.

0:43:110:43:15

Brack, no-one who knows your record can doubt your sincerity or ability.

0:43:150:43:21

But, since I know Nurse Kenny better than you do, I can't dismiss this.

0:43:210:43:26

All you have to do is try Nurse Kenny's treatment on one acute case.

0:43:260:43:32

Never would I consent to it! You can't play with children's lives.

0:43:320:43:37

-This is a tragic business.

-That's just why I'm asking.

0:43:370:43:42

You've seen a few cases. I've seen thousands.

0:43:420:43:45

I'm in charge here, not you.

0:43:450:43:48

-But if no new treatment were ever tried...

-I won't experiment with children.

-Not even to save them?

0:43:480:43:55

Even if you think a treatment is dangerous, it's your duty to try it.

0:43:550:44:00

-Guinea pigs, yes. Children, no. I wouldn't let my children...

-I would.

0:44:000:44:05

You have no children.

0:44:070:44:10

Well, I'm glad you're through with it.

0:44:260:44:29

We're not licked yet, Elizabeth.

0:44:290:44:32

As long as I live, I'll never forget David...ever.

0:44:320:44:37

PIANO PLAYS

0:44:430:44:48

I don't know who's having the best time, Dorrie or Mrs McDonnell.

0:44:570:45:02

-I don't think we should have any children.

-Why?

0:45:020:45:06

-You wouldn't have any time left for me.

-Then I won't have any.

0:45:060:45:10

Fine.

0:45:100:45:12

That's settled.

0:45:120:45:15

No brats.

0:45:160:45:18

How many do you really want?

0:45:180:45:21

-Well, I plan on ten.

-I think I'll go on being a nurse.

0:45:210:45:25

Not after next Saturday. No married nurses in this country.

0:45:250:45:30

Liz, you forgot to tell me, what did McDonnell say?

0:45:300:45:34

-About what?

-Our getting married.

0:45:340:45:37

Did he get angry?

0:45:370:45:40

You forgot to tell him.

0:45:410:45:44

-What's the matter, Liz? Are you ashamed of me?

-Oh, no!

0:45:460:45:50

Well, here's your chance to prove it.

0:45:500:45:54

I'll be with you in a moment.

0:45:570:46:00

He must have had another fight with Dr Brack.

0:46:000:46:04

-The doctor's in his office.

-Thanks, dear.

0:46:120:46:16

-Hello, darling.

-Emily.

0:46:220:46:24

-Have you had any food?

-No, could you get me a snack?

-I'll warm it up.

0:46:260:46:31

Come in here, you two.

0:46:320:46:34

-This is tougher than I thought.

-Didn't you get anywhere?

0:46:440:46:48

About that far. He wouldn't let you touch a case of polio with a pole.

0:46:480:46:53

-Brack isn't the only specialist in Australia.

-Everyone would back him.

0:46:530:46:57

He's a brilliant man. In his opinion, he's defending the lives of children.

0:46:570:47:02

-He'll never let you touch an acute case.

-I did it as a nurse.

0:47:020:47:07

Try it again, you'll be prosecuted.

0:47:070:47:10

Brack's on the warpath. Even my scalp feels a bit loose at the edges.

0:47:100:47:14

-Take it to the newspapers.

-That's wonderful.

-He wouldn't have a hope.

0:47:140:47:19

If you were a quack, that's what I'd tell you to do. You'd hang yourself.

0:47:190:47:25

Medical questions aren't settled in newspapers.

0:47:250:47:28

-You'd brand yourself as a fake in the eyes of every decent doctor.

-Are they all fools?

-Look, captain.

0:47:280:47:36

Suppose a civilian came to you and said military science was all wrong.

0:47:360:47:41

The medical profession is society's only defence against quackery.

0:47:410:47:47

Our degrees, licences and medical associations protect society

0:47:470:47:51

against men who are willing to trade on human ignorance and misery.

0:47:510:47:56

-That's a beautiful speech, but you go on making cripples.

-There must be some way you can try what I did.

0:47:560:48:04

I can't, but you can.

0:48:040:48:08

-Elizabeth, do you believe in your treatment?

-Of course.

0:48:090:48:14

Then take their failures - the Davids - you can find plenty of them.

0:48:140:48:19

You saw some today.

0:48:190:48:21

They'll be discharged soon, hidden away in little houses, in forgotten streets, with broken-hearted parents.

0:48:210:48:28

Take the worst cases - that can't walk.

0:48:280:48:32

Make them walk and your treatment,

0:48:320:48:34

the Kenny treatment, will be adopted in every hospital in Australia,

0:48:340:48:40

in the world.

0:48:400:48:42

Take their failures.

0:48:430:48:46

What's the matter?

0:48:460:48:49

We came here to tell you we're going to be married.

0:48:490:48:53

Oh.

0:48:550:48:57

Congratulations.

0:49:000:49:02

I'll help you, Richard.

0:49:290:49:32

-Bye, Miss Kenny.

-Goodbye, Valerie.

0:49:320:49:35

-Bye, Miss Kenny.

-Goodbye, Dorothy.

0:49:350:49:38

-You know this isn't our doing.

-I know.

-We think it a wicked shame.

0:49:380:49:43

-Haven't his parents come?

-Richard has no parents, doctor.

0:49:460:49:51

-We are to take him to the orphanage.

-Is that his case history?

-Yes.

0:49:510:49:56

-Does it say he was given up six months ago as a cripple?

-Yes.

0:49:560:50:00

By a general practitioner, however.

0:50:000:50:03

-Any specialist could see he never had infantile paralysis.

-Precisely.

0:50:030:50:08

What twisted his legs out of shape, cramp? I've heard that before too.

0:50:080:50:13

-He had an obscure nervous derangement.

-That's a new one.

0:50:130:50:17

So he was treated for five months for infantile paralysis.

0:50:170:50:22

We do not discuss these matters in front of patients.

0:50:220:50:26

Sit up. I only see doctors when they come to take my patients away.

0:50:260:50:31

I had 12 children. All were carried in.

0:50:310:50:34

Seven of them walked out tonight. Richard was one of the worst.

0:50:340:50:39

I've no intention of arguing.

0:50:390:50:42

-All right, my boy...

-You don't need to lift him. Come on, Richard.

0:50:420:50:47

-We've had fun here, haven't we?

-Yes, Nurse Kenny.

0:50:500:50:54

You'll have fun where you're going.

0:50:540:50:57

-There'll be lots of children to play with. Will you remember all the exercises?

-Yes, Nurse Kenny.

0:50:570:51:04

All right.

0:51:040:51:07

-Off you go.

-Come on.

-Don't touch him. He'll walk out by himself.

0:51:070:51:11

Just a moment.

0:51:170:51:19

You forgot something.

0:51:210:51:24

Is there anything more I can do?

0:52:120:52:15

You've done too much already, Mrs Gordon. I wish I could pay you.

0:52:150:52:20

I've been well paid, my dear.

0:52:200:52:24

DISTANT SINGING AND MARCHING

0:52:360:52:40

# ..It's a long way to go

0:52:400:52:44

# It's long way to Tipperary

0:52:440:52:48

# To the sweetest girl I know

0:52:480:52:52

# Goodbye, Piccadilly

0:52:530:52:56

# Farewell, Leicester Square

0:52:570:53:00

# It's a long, long way to Tipperary

0:53:000:53:04

# But my heart's right there... #

0:53:040:53:08

Kevin!

0:53:310:53:33

Oh, Kevin, you look wonderful in uniform.

0:53:360:53:40

-Best tailor in Toowoomba. How are you?

-Fine, except for the fact that you're going away.

-Not for long.

0:53:400:53:47

-Why didn't you tell me you were going so soon?

-I didn't know.

0:53:470:53:52

-This address will find me overseas.

-I'll write tonight.

0:53:520:53:56

-Kevin.

-Don't worry, Liz. I'll be back by Christmas.

-Don't fall in love with a nurse.

-I already am.

0:53:560:54:03

-You're mother sent this for the children. How are they?

-Seven walking.

-Goodbye, darling.

-Goodbye.

0:54:030:54:10

-Careful, sir.

->

0:54:100:54:12

-I still don't see why you want to go in the army.

-I'm used to a fight.

0:54:270:54:32

I think they'll take you, but not in that hat.

0:54:320:54:36

-Have you told Captain Connors?

-No.

0:54:360:54:39

-I've cabled von Hindenburg to cease firing, so we can have a holiday in Paris.

-I wouldn't put it past you.

0:54:390:54:46

One last question - you don't start this massage in the acute stage?

0:54:460:54:52

-Not until the pain is all gone - and don't call it massage, you sound like Brack.

-Well, what is it?

0:54:520:54:59

I stimulate subconscious neuromotor impulses,

0:54:590:55:02

-by agitating proprioceptors in the periphery.

-You what?

0:55:020:55:06

-I stimulate subconscious...

-Why are you asking all these questions?

0:55:060:55:11

Well...

0:55:120:55:14

In France, you might forget about it. Take care of yourself.

0:55:140:55:18

-You too, for a change.

-Don't forget, the fight against polio will outlast the war.

0:55:180:55:25

It'll go on until the last doctor dies of it.

0:55:250:55:29

DISTANT EXPLOSIONS

0:55:350:55:38

This is a new one - putting a soldier underground before he's dead.

0:55:410:55:46

-Who ordered this transfer?

-I don't know, sir.

0:55:460:55:49

-I was fine where I was.

-You're supposed to be quiet, sir.

0:55:490:55:54

Not until I find out who ordered this transfer.

0:55:540:55:58

-Take it easy, sir, we'll get you off.

-It's OK, I'll make it myself.

0:55:580:56:02

Wait, chaps. Who's in charge here? Who ordered this transfer?

0:56:090:56:14

I did, sir.

0:56:140:56:16

Liz!

0:56:170:56:19

-Anything else, nurse?

-No, thank you.

0:56:220:56:26

-Any further complaints, Major Connors?

-I can't believe it.

0:56:320:56:37

But Liz, your last letter was from Lyons. How did you get here?

0:56:370:56:42

I had myself transferred, then I had you transferred.

0:56:420:56:46

-I wish I had your brains.

-Will you come and see me in the guard house?

0:56:460:56:51

-Forgery?

-Almost.

0:56:510:56:53

-Darling, how is your leg?

-All it needs is time and a good nurse.

0:56:530:56:58

-It's not too bad?

-It's the luckiest thing that's happened in four years.

0:56:580:57:03

Let's see.

0:57:090:57:11

Yes, think of nothing, Clarence.

0:57:110:57:14

-What's nothing?

-It's er...

0:57:140:57:17

-It doesn't matter. Don't pay any attention to what I'm doing.

-OK.

0:57:170:57:22

-Is there any pain there?

-No.

0:57:220:57:25

Doctor, I told Dr McDonnell you gave orders not to remove any splints.

0:57:280:57:33

-It's OK. I gave permission.

-I keep telling her.

-What's that for?

0:57:330:57:38

You're not supposed to pay any attention to what I'm doing. Relax.

0:57:380:57:43

-Why don't you relax?

-Clarence.

0:57:440:57:47

What are you doing?

0:57:490:57:52

I wish you'd stop asking questions. I don't quite know what I'm doing.

0:57:520:57:57

If you don't know, I don't.

0:57:570:57:59

I'm trying to stimulate subconscious neuromotor impulses,

0:57:590:58:04

-by agitating the proprioceptors in the periphery.

-Oh.

0:58:040:58:08

Now.

0:58:110:58:13

Now you can watch. No, lie down.

0:58:140:58:17

Pull from there. Now, think.

0:58:200:58:23

You see what I'm doing. I'm exercising your quadriceps.

0:58:260:58:30

Now do that yourself.

0:58:310:58:34

-Lift your leg. Can't you lift it?

-If I could, I'd walk out of here.

0:58:340:58:40

-Have you finished, doctor?

-Yes, I've finished.

0:58:480:58:52

-Goodbye, Clarence.

-Bye, doc.

0:58:540:58:57

-Can I have my splint back?

-Nurse, put back his splint.

-Yes, doctor.

0:58:570:59:02

Well, McDonnell, do you want to experiment on any more patients?

0:59:040:59:09

No, I'm no good at it.

0:59:090:59:11

But Kenny can do it.

0:59:110:59:14

Not in this hospital.

0:59:140:59:16

Elizabeth!

0:59:390:59:41

-Dr McDonnell.

-Your mother said you'd be another month.

-I was on my way when the armistice was signed.

0:59:420:59:49

-My, you look fine.

-So do you. How's Nellie?

-Never seen her so happy.

0:59:490:59:54

-You have a son.

-She's very proud.

-And you're not?

0:59:540:59:58

Well, he's quite a remarkable child.

0:59:581:00:01

-Brack delivered him.

-Couldn't you get anybody else?

1:00:011:00:05

It was a bit of a hurry. Sit down.

1:00:051:00:08

-Congratulations on your promotion. What do I call you now?

-Sister Kenny.

1:00:081:00:14

-And please respect my military rank.

-I will. How's Major Connors?

1:00:141:00:18

-He's in hospital in England. It'll be six months before he can walk.

-But he'll walk.

-Yes.

-Good. Fine.

1:00:181:00:26

-And now what are you planning to do?

-I'm going home to wait for Kevin.

1:00:261:00:31

Ah-ha. You're not interested in nursing?

1:00:311:00:34

No.

1:00:341:00:36

-No more clinics?

-No.

1:00:371:00:40

-You feel you need a rest, eh?

-I certainly do. Mother's all alone now. I'll wait there for Kevin.

1:00:431:00:50

-What about polio?

-Never heard of it.

1:00:501:00:54

-Did you ever here of the Kenny treatment?

-Elizabeth Kenny?

1:00:541:00:58

She's a dangerous quack. Every doctor in Australia knows that.

1:00:581:01:03

-You've lost your faith in her.

-Not at all, but let somebody else do it.

1:01:031:01:10

The trouble is, they don't know enough about it.

1:01:101:01:14

When they try it, it doesn't work.

1:01:141:01:17

Then they're stupid. It's perfectly simple. Who's been trying it?

1:01:171:01:22

How should I know?

1:01:221:01:24

-Well, you just said...

-Oh, dear.

1:01:241:01:28

I forgot to see that patient in ward three. Would you like the paper?

1:01:281:01:33

Aye, you ought to have a fine six months at home.

1:01:361:01:41

CHILDREN LAUGHING

1:02:031:02:06

-Sister, how soon is tea?

-Pretty soon.

-I'm hungry.

1:02:101:02:15

There we are, Carolyn.

1:02:151:02:17

Mm-hm.

1:02:211:02:23

Very good. Turn over, on your face.

1:02:231:02:26

That's a girl.

1:02:291:02:31

Now, we're gong to pull those shoulder blades back.

1:02:311:02:35

Pull them back, dear.

1:02:351:02:38

Can't you hold that there? We've got to learn to anchor that scapula.

1:02:411:02:46

-Try this one.

-DOORBELL RINGS

1:02:461:02:50

Nurse Warren.

1:02:511:02:53

-Give Carolyn her exercises, please.

-Yes, sister.

1:02:531:02:57

BELL RINGS AGAIN

1:03:021:03:05

-Hello, Liz.

-Come in, Kevin.

1:03:081:03:11

-Would you like to see the children?

-No.

1:03:181:03:21

-I read your letter and I don't understand.

-I tried to be definite.

-You certainly were definite.

1:03:211:03:28

This seems absurd. I won't accept it.

1:03:281:03:31

I have sympathy with your work, but I can't let you throw away every chance of personal happiness.

1:03:311:03:38

Let's sit down, darling.

1:03:381:03:41

Well?

1:03:451:03:47

You may be right. I may be wasting my life.

1:03:481:03:52

-But I don't have the right to waste yours too.

-Nonsense.

-No, it isn't.

1:03:521:03:57

Each time I asked you to wait, you never said a word.

1:03:571:04:01

You didn't let me realise how unfair it was. I didn't want to.

1:04:011:04:06

If I choose to wait, it's my responsibility.

1:04:061:04:09

Maybe I'm a fool. All right, I'm a fool. Finish your job here in Townsville. How long will it take?

1:04:091:04:16

Well, when do you think you'll be finished?

1:04:161:04:20

-I don't think I'll ever be finished.

-Let's say two years.

1:04:201:04:24

It'll go on. The day that doctors let me treat an acute case I'll be in sight of the end, but that's all.

1:04:241:04:31

Face facts. Are you any nearer today than ten years ago?

1:04:311:04:36

Yes. A little, I think.

1:04:371:04:40

I'm learning a lot about polio.

1:04:401:04:43

I'm getting better results with the children.

1:04:431:04:46

I rather wanted some children too.

1:04:461:04:48

-That's a little unfair.

-Maybe, but it's true.

1:04:511:04:55

You're wrong, Liz. I know it.

1:04:551:04:57

That's my decision.

1:04:571:05:00

I won't let you throw yourself away on this any longer. If there was...

1:05:001:05:05

DOORBELL RINGS

1:05:051:05:08

-Sister Kenny?

-Come in, please.

1:05:131:05:16

My name's Johnson. I've come from Brisbane. This is Emily.

1:05:231:05:28

-Hello, Emily.

-Hello, sister.

1:05:281:05:31

I've got no money, sister, but if you could take Emily here,

1:05:311:05:35

maybe I could work for you, scrubbing or something.

1:05:351:05:40

Let's have a look at you, Emily.

1:05:401:05:43

How old are you?

1:05:431:05:45

Eight, no - eight and a half.

1:05:451:05:48

-When did you take sick?

-I don't remember.

1:05:481:05:51

She was only three.

1:05:511:05:54

I can't tell whether I can help you until I examine you, but we'll try.

1:05:541:05:59

First we'll take off those braces.

1:05:591:06:01

I think you'll have a good time here. There are lots of girls.

1:06:011:06:06

Do you hear them? We'll meet them in a minute.

1:06:061:06:10

Most of the time we live outside...

1:06:101:06:13

DOOR CLOSES

1:06:131:06:16

INAUDIBLE

1:06:291:06:31

Now we're going to take you out into the sun.

1:06:451:06:49

-Have you seen Sister Kenny?

-A minute ago.

-Did she buy a ticket?

-Yes.

1:07:011:07:07

Ticket?

1:07:081:07:10

-Elizabeth.

-What are you doing here?

-Did you think you could sneak off to Brisbane without telling me?

1:07:161:07:23

-Ten years ago, you'd have sent me there.

-You've learnt nothing. You're so stubborn.

-Give me the bag.

1:07:231:07:30

-In this epidemic, there'll be nothing but the orthodox treatment.

-That's why I'm going.

1:07:301:07:37

-They'll shut you up in a week.

-I just want one acute case.

-No chance.

1:07:371:07:42

-You'll be in jail.

-I'm going.

-All right. Let's sit down. There's time.

1:07:421:07:47

Look, there's one thing you don't realise.

1:07:501:07:53

Big people make little people feel small, and they resent it.

1:07:531:07:58

When the big person is a nurse, well, you know as well as I do.

1:07:581:08:03

I've heard a lot of complaints about the same thing. You antagonise them. You've said some unkind things.

1:08:031:08:10

I've never said anything unkind about doctors. I'd like to see a few of them in their own splints.

1:08:101:08:17

Two things, Elizabeth - first, use more tact, more patience...

1:08:171:08:21

-I'm never impatient.

-And second,

1:08:211:08:24

when you run into Brack, don't use those words that aren't in the book.

1:08:241:08:29

If you say spasm, he'll have a spasm.

1:08:291:08:32

Alienation, re-education - he doesn't know what you mean.

1:08:321:08:37

-He won't take the trouble to find out.

-It's one of the facts you face.

1:08:371:08:41

To him, they aren't scientific terms.

1:08:411:08:44

-What can you call spasm, except spasm?

-A "muscle condition".

1:08:441:08:50

A "muscle condition" but not spasm. WHISTLE BLOWS

1:08:501:08:54

-Goodbye, doctor.

-Goodbye. Good luck, and no spasm.

-No spasm.

1:09:011:09:06

I'm sorry, sister. When I let you move in, I didn't know the place was unfit for hospital purposes.

1:09:421:09:49

It was not unfit for hospital purposes - not until I put that up.

1:09:491:09:54

If there's anything I can do.

1:09:541:09:56

Thank you, Mr Todd.

1:09:561:09:59

This patient has just finished his quarantine isolation.

1:10:031:10:07

At the onset, the familiar symptoms of polio appeared - stiff neck, headache, fever, muscular pain,

1:10:071:10:14

followed by the loss of use of arms and legs.

1:10:141:10:18

I advised total immobilisation.

1:10:181:10:21

Certain muscles are paralysed, due to the destruction of the horn cells of the spinal column.

1:10:211:10:28

Strong, normal muscles are pulling against weak, paralysed muscles, producing deformity.

1:10:281:10:35

Doctors who have worked in orthopaedic medicine know the tortured position of the victims.

1:10:351:10:41

Here you see the application of splints to...

1:10:411:10:45

Dr Brack.

1:10:451:10:47

On the right arm,

1:10:501:10:53

-I've applied the latest...

-Dr Brack.

1:10:531:10:56

Ladies and gentlemen, this is Miss Elizabeth Kenny,

1:10:591:11:03

who has original notions on the pathology and treatment of polio.

1:11:031:11:09

-I presume you've come to discuss infantile paralysis.

-Yes, Dr Brack.

1:11:091:11:14

In order not to waste the time of these busy people, I suggest we postpone the discussion.

1:11:141:11:21

-For how many years?

-Please call at my office.

1:11:211:11:25

-I already have.

-Did you have an appointment?

-Your secretary refused to give me one.

1:11:251:11:31

I'm sure it can be arranged. There is an epidemic. I was probably busy.

1:11:311:11:36

The last time I was there, you were having tea.

1:11:361:11:40

I hope that this class will not be further disturbed. Where was I?

1:11:401:11:45

-Oh, yes. The splint I applied...

-Dr Brack.

1:11:451:11:49

I don't like this any more than you do.

1:11:491:11:52

But I must have an answer, a public one if possible, to this question.

1:11:521:11:58

Why do you prevent me from doing my work?

1:11:581:12:01

-I do not prevent you, it's the authorities.

-At your request.

1:12:011:12:06

Isn't that rather rude?

1:12:061:12:09

Do you know how to put it politely?

1:12:091:12:12

Ladies and gentlemen, perhaps we can make use of this interruption.

1:12:121:12:17

As men of science, we do not reject ideas without examination.

1:12:171:12:22

Miss Kenny's ideas were familiar to me 20 years ago.

1:12:221:12:26

I permitted a general practitioner, a Dr McDonnell,

1:12:261:12:30

to test them - with very sad results.

1:12:301:12:34

Nobody who reads the newspapers, in which Miss Kenny appears frequently,

1:12:361:12:41

can be unaware of her, but they may be unfamiliar with her ideas.

1:12:411:12:46

How many of you here know anything of the so-called Kenny treatment?

1:12:461:12:52

Miss Kenny, would you tell us how ignorant I am, and how dangerous the orthodox treatment is?

1:12:551:13:03

I would, but I don't think you're ignorant, only pig-headed.

1:13:041:13:09

LAUGHTER

1:13:091:13:11

Come down here, please.

1:13:111:13:14

Come over here.

1:13:181:13:21

Speak freely.

1:13:211:13:23

Explain your theory.

1:13:231:13:25

Well...

1:13:271:13:28

-the fundamental difference between us is which muscle is sick.

-Go on.

1:13:281:13:33

Dr Brack, I didn't expect to find you so tolerant.

1:13:331:13:37

-This is the first time in 20 years I've been given a hearing before orthopaedic men.

-Yes, go on.

1:13:371:13:45

Well, Dr Brack considers that one muscle is paralysed and the opposing muscle is healthy.

1:13:451:13:52

I say the opposing muscle is sick in sp... Call it a muscle condition.

1:13:521:13:58

When you first find such a muscle condition, you apply moist heat,

1:13:581:14:03

and reduce the sp... muscle condition,

1:14:031:14:06

keeping the muscles relaxed.

1:14:061:14:09

If you put them in splints, you make the muscle condition worse.

1:14:091:14:13

That's fine if your concept were correct.

1:14:131:14:17

-Come to the convalescent stage.

-After the spasm...

-Spasm?

1:14:171:14:22

Yes, spasm. After the spasm is relieved, the muscles look normal.

1:14:221:14:28

-But they are not. They are alienated and need re-education.

-There's no such thing as spasm.

1:14:281:14:35

Re-education, alienation - you find that word in the divorce court. These aren't scientific terms.

1:14:351:14:42

-You invented them.

-Yes, for a new concept. New ideas need new words.

1:14:421:14:47

-They describe the things I see.

-Why don't we see them?

-Because you've got a book in front of your eyes.

1:14:471:14:54

You shouldn't care about words.

1:14:541:14:56

-Without strict use of words, there could be no science. Your terms have no meaning.

-They have for me.

1:14:561:15:03

I call it spasm. I treat spasm.

1:15:031:15:06

You get cures, isn't that right?

1:15:061:15:09

You all try to catch me with that. I don't claim to have a cure.

1:15:091:15:14

But I get improvements, even with your failures.

1:15:141:15:17

I can't show what I could do if I started in the acute stage.

1:15:171:15:22

20 years ago in the bush, I had that chance. Six acute cases all recovered.

1:15:221:15:29

But I hear the same thing whenever a patient improves - "He didn't have polio."

1:15:291:15:35

-Finished?

-Not until you stop doing that!

-We won't stop immobilisation. Patients must be encased in plaster.

1:15:351:15:42

To me that's terrifying.

1:15:421:15:45

-I have patients whose bodies are straight as a result.

-And rigid.

1:15:451:15:50

Those in the graveyard have as much chance of using their legs.

1:15:501:15:55

-Miss Kenny, there's a patient here!

-I've tried to speak to you elsewhere. He has a right to hear.

1:15:551:16:02

-You're making a serious mistake.

-I've made lots of mistakes, doctor.

1:16:021:16:06

Are any of us infallible?

1:16:061:16:09

Your fathers bled their patients for everything. Do you do it now?

1:16:091:16:14

-Pasteur changed a few ideas.

-You compare yourself to Pasteur?!

1:16:141:16:19

Certainly not, but I wish he were here.

1:16:191:16:23

-So do I, Miss Kenny. He had a cure for hydrophobia.

-LAUGHTER

1:16:231:16:29

That laughter is only tolerable because I know you're sincere.

1:16:331:16:39

But sincerity doesn't excuse a shut mind or subjecting thousands of children to cruelty.

1:16:391:16:46

Luckily, these children are not in the hands of emotional quacks.

1:16:461:16:51

While we have authority, we won't let you tamper with their lives.

1:16:511:16:57

It's a dangerous thing to traffic in human affliction.

1:16:571:17:01

You can stop me treating an acute case, but not the hopeless ones, the ones you've given up.

1:17:011:17:09

If you need any more instruments of torture, I can send them to you -

1:17:091:17:14

I've taken plenty off your patients.

1:17:141:17:17

Miss Kenny...

1:17:171:17:20

Don't consider this matter settled.

1:17:241:17:27

To become a nurse, you took an oath. Do you remember the last paragraph?

1:17:271:17:32

"With loyalty will I endeavour to aid the physician in his work."

1:17:321:17:37

Instead of aiding physicians, you try to teach them their profession.

1:17:371:17:42

In the opinion of many doctors, you are no longer a nurse.

1:17:421:17:46

You can't dispose of me that way, Dr Brack.

1:17:461:17:50

I've given up too much for the right to wear a nurse's uniform.

1:17:501:17:55

HEATED MURMURING

1:17:551:17:58

-Sister Kenny!

->

1:18:051:18:08

-I'm Tutor, of the Queensland Health Department.

-Were you in there?

-Yes.

1:18:111:18:16

Just a moment, Sister Kenny.

1:18:161:18:19

-I'm not against your work.

-Who said my clinic was unfit for sick children?

-Not my department.

1:18:191:18:26

-Will you come to my office tonight?

-What for?

-We have a lot to discuss.

1:18:261:18:31

-You say that happened in 1914?

-July 1914.

1:18:311:18:36

And then your work was suspended because of the war.

1:18:361:18:40

That's right.

1:18:401:18:43

-Did you keep a record of the cases you treated?

-Not as well as I should. What is this all about?

1:18:431:18:50

I'll explain as soon as I get this record straight.

1:18:501:18:54

-Good evening. Am I late?

-Not at all. Sister Kenny, this is Dr Gideon.

1:18:541:18:59

-How do you do?

-I've wanted to meet you for a long time.

1:18:591:19:03

-So you're not an orthopaedic man.

-I'm afraid I am.

1:19:031:19:07

-I saw the result of your treatment on a girl named Johnson.

-Oh?

1:19:071:19:12

She's walking remarkably well.

1:19:121:19:15

If there's anything wrong with the orthodox treatment, I want to know.

1:19:151:19:20

-You're sure you're an orthopaedic man?!

-Yes!

1:19:201:19:24

-Hello. Well...Elizabeth.

-What brought you here?

1:19:241:19:29

Spasm.

1:19:291:19:31

You made a mess of my treatment in front of Dr Brack.

1:19:311:19:36

-I...

-Dr McDonnell...

-Who told you about that?

-Muscle condition.

1:19:361:19:41

You won't scold when you read this. It's from the London County Council.

1:19:411:19:47

They want you in England. That's the most encouraging thing to happen in 20 years.

1:19:471:19:54

It doesn't say I can treat an acute case.

1:19:541:19:57

-It's the only way I'll ever prove anything.

-Finish the letter.

1:19:571:20:01

-She must go to England.

-What of our plan to get her a royal commission?

1:20:011:20:07

-Go ahead with it.

-But she mustn't leave Australia.

1:20:071:20:12

If the best doctors investigate her treatment, the fight is won.

1:20:121:20:17

She can't sit around while they stop her work at every turn.

1:20:171:20:22

The only thing slower than a royal commission is full payment.

1:20:221:20:26

-She can't go to England.

-She can. We'll learn from them in England.

1:20:261:20:31

-She should be here when we get that royal commission.

-Patience.

1:20:311:20:38

-She belongs in Australia.

-She belongs where she'll get recognition the quickest.

1:20:381:20:45

-Let her make ten crippled children in England walk...

-Then what?

1:20:451:20:49

-Royal commission - I don't know where I am.

-If you just...

1:20:491:20:54

When I was going to get married, you told me if I made ten children walk

1:20:541:21:00

my treatment would be adopted all over the world!

1:21:001:21:05

I've made 100 children walk and in 20 years one physician has shown an interest!

1:21:051:21:11

I'm sorry, but these are the facts.

1:21:111:21:14

I can't flatter myself that I persuaded you into this work.

1:21:141:21:19

It was the children.

1:21:191:21:22

I can talk to the plain doctors, but the Dr Bracks, the specialists,

1:21:221:21:27

the men who alone could open the door to my work,

1:21:271:21:31

they live in a fortress.

1:21:311:21:35

I'm only a nurse. I'm outside the walls of Jericho.

1:21:351:21:39

They're strong walls - you don't know how strong and how high.

1:21:391:21:44

Inside the walls, they can't hear the crying of children.

1:21:441:21:49

< CLAMOUR OF VOICES OUTSIDE

1:21:531:21:58

Sister Kenny.

1:22:001:22:03

CHEERING AND CLAPPING

1:22:111:22:15

VOICES SHOUT OUT FOR SISTER KENNY

1:22:171:22:21

Elizabeth...a minute ago, you were talking about the walls of Jericho.

1:22:231:22:29

Do you remember what happened to them?

1:22:291:22:33

Some people shouted and blew trumpets, didn't they?

1:22:331:22:38

Some people - yes.

1:22:381:22:41

And the walls came tumbling down.

1:22:411:22:44

-I'm booked on flight 70.

-Half an hour's delay, ma'am, due to fog.

1:23:081:23:13

-Oh, then I'll get a cup of tea.

-Right-ho, this way, please.

1:23:131:23:18

Kevin!

1:23:431:23:45

Well!

1:23:451:23:46

-Well, I've finally found you.

-I phoned your...

1:23:461:23:51

-I phoned your office a dozen times.

-Got back an hour ago. Just missed you in Paris and Berlin.

1:23:511:23:57

-But I was determined to catch you in London.

-Bless the fog!

1:23:571:24:01

Can't you miss this plane and get one tomorrow? Let's go to London.

1:24:011:24:07

I'd love to, but I've got to be in Sydney on the fifth.

1:24:071:24:12

There's a plane waiting for me in Alexandria. Could I get there on time if I went in the morning?

1:24:121:24:19

-No.

-Oh, well, we'll take what time there is.

1:24:191:24:23

-Another order of tea, please.

-Yes, Sister Kenny.

1:24:231:24:27

-You're famous!

-Everyone likes me except the doctors.

1:24:271:24:31

I read that you were doing a lot of work here. Why are you in such a hurry to get back to Australia?

1:24:311:24:38

The government has sent for me. There's another bad outbreak of polio.

1:24:381:24:45

-I haven't seen anything about this in the papers.

-The Munich business has crowded it out.

1:24:451:24:52

"The people want Kenny clinics." So you've done it.

1:24:521:24:56

No, but I can see a wee crack in the walls of Jericho.

1:24:561:25:01

-Dr McDonnell?

-Yes.

1:25:011:25:04

He realised that my real hope was in the people.

1:25:041:25:08

-Do you remember when he told me to take their failures?

-I certainly do.

1:25:081:25:13

For 20 years I didn't think I was getting anywhere.

1:25:131:25:17

But the parents and friends of the children were forming an army.

1:25:171:25:23

They didn't know it, I didn't know it, the Dr Bracks didn't know it.

1:25:231:25:28

But we know it now, and it's a powerful army.

1:25:281:25:32

You're a great woman, Liz.

1:25:341:25:37

I've had great friends.

1:25:371:25:41

-How's your mother?

-Not too well.

1:25:451:25:48

Oh! Did you know I'm a struggling author?

1:25:501:25:54

Oh? "The Kenny Concept Of Infantile Paralysis." That's wonderful, Liz.

1:25:541:25:59

-Just off the press.

-May I have it?

-Of course you may.

1:25:591:26:04

Liz, you know it's taken me many years to understand what you tried to tell me in Townsville.

1:26:041:26:11

Well, it wasn't easy for either of us.

1:26:131:26:17

-I wanted ten children - you have thousands.

-I still miss the ten.

1:26:171:26:23

So do I.

1:26:231:26:25

But when they laughed, you heard the crying of crippled children.

1:26:251:26:29

That's what you knew, wasn't it?

1:26:291:26:33

Yes, Kevin.

1:26:331:26:36

I'm glad it turned out this way.

1:26:391:26:42

That's what I've always hoped for -

1:26:421:26:45

to hear you say it.

1:26:451:26:48

TANNOY: 'Check in, please, flight 70. Paris, Rome, Alexandria.

1:26:481:26:53

'Passengers, please go to gate three.'

1:26:531:26:57

-Would you like this to read on the plane?

-Oh, thank you.

1:26:571:27:02

"Peace in our time, says Chamberlain."

1:27:021:27:06

-Do you believe it, Kevin?

-Well, it gives us time to get ready.

1:27:061:27:11

BAND PLAYS: "Waltzing Matilda"

1:27:191:27:23

-Well, what do you think of it?

-It's incredible. If she sees this, she'll certainly go to America.

1:27:371:27:44

That's what I'm afraid of.

1:27:441:27:46

The commission's left things just where they were ten years ago,

1:27:461:27:51

even though all the younger orthopaedic men are already using the Kenny treatment.

1:27:511:27:59

Royal commission -

1:27:591:28:01

she does great work in Europe, she slaves through an epidemic here and they throw that in her face.

1:28:011:28:09

Well, I'd hate to be the one to tell her.

1:28:091:28:13

Mr Tutor, I have Dr McDonnell on the telephone, on the private line.

1:28:131:28:18

Hello, Dr McDonnell.

1:28:181:28:21

Hello, Tutor?

1:28:211:28:24

Oh, so they finally got it down on paper, did they?

1:28:241:28:28

Mm.

1:28:281:28:30

Yes, I'm still here.

1:28:361:28:39

Oh, of course it can't stop the work, but...

1:28:391:28:43

she's not getting any younger.

1:28:431:28:47

The plain fact is she's got to take it easy.

1:28:471:28:51

Of course it's serious - at her age it always is.

1:28:521:28:56

Yes, I'll tell her.

1:28:571:29:00

Oh, you can take these now, Alan.

1:29:281:29:32

Yes, Sister.

1:29:321:29:34

-Hello, Dr McDonnell.

-Alan.

1:29:411:29:44

-Well, doctor.

-Hello, Elizabeth.

1:29:471:29:50

-I didn't hear your car.

-Rationing means I'm back to being a horse and buggy doctor.

1:29:501:29:56

-How did you get here so early?

-I left yesterday.

1:29:561:30:00

-Sit down. Would you like a cup of tea?

-No, thank you.

1:30:001:30:05

I'll be ready in just a moment.

1:30:051:30:08

-Anything here you want?

-They're probably books I gave you myself.

1:30:081:30:13

Something wrong?

1:30:131:30:16

You're really closing the place up, aren't you?

1:30:161:30:20

I don't know how long I'll be in America.

1:30:201:30:25

I had a call from Tutor.

1:30:261:30:29

Oh?

1:30:291:30:31

The royal commission report is 130 pages of undiluted condemnation of your work and ideas.

1:30:311:30:38

They say that on no account should you attend a case of infantile paralysis,

1:30:401:30:46

either recent or of long standing.

1:30:461:30:50

They condemn the government for spending money on the Kenny clinics

1:30:501:30:55

instead of giving support to the orthodox method.

1:30:551:30:59

They recommend that the Kenny clinics be closed.

1:31:011:31:06

Well, that really stops me.

1:31:081:31:12

The people won't stand for it.

1:31:121:31:15

What can the people do against organised authority?

1:31:151:31:19

Well, they got you the clinics in the first place.

1:31:191:31:23

Of course, this report won't do you any good in America.

1:31:231:31:28

Maybe you should reconsider.

1:31:281:31:31

Do you think you really have to go?

1:31:311:31:35

I don't think it, I know it.

1:31:351:31:39

Come along, doctor.

1:31:481:31:51

"Sister Kenny - unscientific". Rubbish! They haven't read my book.

1:32:071:32:12

I've read those reviews. Besides, you shouldn't be bothered by petty minds.

1:32:121:32:19

"Sister Kenny's book has new parts, but the new is not always good." Sir Charles Brack.

1:32:191:32:26

Would you put those reviews away!

1:32:261:32:29

Listen to this.

1:32:331:32:35

"The abandonment of immobilisation and splinting is a complete denial of long-established principles."

1:32:351:32:42

The British Medical Journal.

1:32:421:32:45

-You haven't much time before your train leaves.

-Sorry.

1:32:451:32:49

It took me six years to write that book.

1:32:501:32:53

30 years' work to prepare to write it and they dismiss it in 36 words.

1:32:531:32:58

-Do you want me to listen to your heart?

-Oh, go ahead, go ahead.

1:32:581:33:03

Put the plugs in your ears!

1:33:071:33:10

Well, you confused me - talk, talk, talk.

1:33:101:33:14

-You doctors...!

-Sssh!

1:33:141:33:17

-There's nothing...

-Quiet!

1:33:171:33:19

Don't pull that face. It's no worse than for the last ten years.

1:33:261:33:30

Listen to it yourself.

1:33:301:33:33

You see what I tell you? Whistle-bang, whistle-bang...

1:33:331:33:38

Quiet!

1:33:381:33:40

Well?

1:33:461:33:48

It's not very good, is it?

1:34:001:34:02

It'll last till I do what I've got to do.

1:34:021:34:06

-Not if you don't take it easy.

-You take it easy!

-I do.

-Liar.

-You're a cantankerous woman.

1:34:061:34:12

You've always been a trial to me. I like things easy.

1:34:121:34:17

-How many beds have you got in this hospital?

-200.

1:34:171:34:21

I remember when you only had 20.

1:34:211:34:24

Your father gave us two.

1:34:241:34:27

Mother managed that. What about the others?

1:34:271:34:32

Oh, Nellie was good at persuading. Kevin Connors gave us ten.

1:34:321:34:37

You didn't know that, did you?

1:34:391:34:43

I saw Dorrie McIntyre the other day. Do you remember her? She was your first case.

1:34:461:34:53

Her eldest daughter's training here as a nurse. Her name's Elizabeth.

1:34:531:34:59

She's a fine girl.

1:34:591:35:02

You're a famous woman, Elizabeth.

1:35:111:35:14

I imagine I'm the only one left who knows what it's cost you.

1:35:141:35:20

And I'd like to take this opportunity to say quite formally,

1:35:201:35:24

it's a privilege to have known you.

1:35:241:35:28

Thank you.

1:35:291:35:31

Whatever you do, whatever happens,

1:35:321:35:36

remember that the people are more important than the system.

1:35:361:35:41

That's true in government - they're fighting a war to prove it.

1:35:411:35:46

And it's true in medicine.

1:35:461:35:50

You've got that fight left, Elizabeth.

1:35:501:35:54

It's a big fight. It won't be easy.

1:35:541:35:57

I wish I could help you.

1:35:571:36:01

But you'll be a long way off, and...

1:36:011:36:04

..I'm getting old.

1:36:071:36:10

Well, I'm no chicken.

1:36:121:36:15

Do you know what time it is? They're waiting for you on ward seven. Don't forget your glasses.

1:36:151:36:22

Don't tell me what I need. Go on! I'll need a new head, nurse.

1:36:221:36:27

It would have been nice to have a long talk about all the people we used to know.

1:36:271:36:34

Oh well, there'll be time for that when you get back from America.

1:36:341:36:40

Sister Kenny! This way, please. Hold it, please.

1:36:491:36:54

This way, Kenny.

1:36:541:36:57

Thanks, honey.

1:36:571:37:00

-One more, please.

-Is this your first visit to America?

-Yes.

1:37:001:37:04

-What do you think of San Franciso?

-It's too big for its bridges.

1:37:041:37:08

-Sister, are you a nun?

-Oh, no.

-So how come they call you Sister?

1:37:081:37:13

That's what they call an army nurse in Australia.

1:37:131:37:17

-Did the commission report hurt?

-Not as much as it hurt the children.

1:37:171:37:22

-Give us the lowdown on doctors.

-They say you've been rough on them.

1:37:221:37:27

-Are you here to show up the doctors?

-I'm here for the children.

1:37:271:37:31

-We know what you think of doctors.

-Give us your honest opinion.

1:37:311:37:36

Very well, it's easier to criticise a doctor than to be one.

1:37:361:37:40

Go along, boys.

1:37:401:37:43

Yes, it's the same old story.

1:37:451:37:49

From San Francisco to New York, I've been given "the runaround".

1:37:491:37:54

Oh, I hadn't heard that one - "the brush off".

1:37:541:37:59

The Dr Bracks seem as strong here as they are in Australia.

1:37:591:38:04

I had high hopes when I came here, but since Pearl Harbour I realise I've been wasting my time.

1:38:051:38:12

When do I sail?

1:38:121:38:14

Tell the consul I'm very grateful.

1:38:141:38:17

-Yes, I'll talk to him. Put him on.

-KNOCK AT THE DOOR

-Come in.

1:38:171:38:22

-Sister Kenny?

-Yes.

-I'm from the New York Globe.

-Sit down.

1:38:251:38:30

Not on my luggage!

1:38:301:38:33

I have nothing to say except that I'm going back to Australia.

1:38:331:38:37

-Well, that's news, but...

-I've waited two years... Yes.

1:38:371:38:41

How do you do. No, I'm afraid I can't reconsider.

1:38:411:38:46

The only place to show interest is the University of Minnesota.

1:38:461:38:50

Stop poking me! No, I didn't mean you.

1:38:501:38:54

I can't wait any longer for their report. I'm afraid it'll drag on.

1:38:541:38:59

And frankly, I haven't any money left.

1:38:591:39:03

Thank you.

1:39:031:39:05

-Sister...

-You heard what I said. I'm going back to Australia.

1:39:051:39:09

-Bet you don't.

-Why are you here?

-I thought you'd like to read this.

1:39:091:39:14

-Who's calling me a quack this time?

-Read it.

-No.

-I'll read it, then.

1:39:141:39:19

Quote. "We have no hesitation in saying the Kenny method will form the basis for all future treatment."

1:39:191:39:27

Quote. "Absolutely no deformities have materialised.

1:39:271:39:32

"55% recoveries were registered in 32 days." End quote.

1:39:321:39:36

-They're talking about acute cases.

-It's from Minnesota University.

1:39:361:39:41

Minneapolis has been hit by a bad epidemic of infantile paralysis.

1:39:411:39:47

The people want you to go over there and set up a clinic.

1:39:471:39:51

The board of public welfare and the mayor want you. So are you going?

1:39:511:39:56

-Young man, have you ever been kissed by a woman my age?

-Huh?

1:39:561:40:01

Never mind. Pick up those bags.

1:40:011:40:04

Sister, where's your manners?

1:40:041:40:08

Please.

1:40:091:40:11

Come on, Sister, you've seen doctors before.

1:40:181:40:23

-Not to hear me speak. Where were we?

-You haven't dictated a word yet.

1:40:251:40:30

-"Dear Dr McDonnell..."

-Do you think you'll have time?

1:40:301:40:34

Yes, they're going through the wards first. Where was I?

1:40:341:40:38

-"Dear Dr McDonnell..."

-"At the end of this letter,

1:40:381:40:43

"I hope to add the greatest piece of news I've heard in 35 years.

1:40:431:40:47

"The report of the national committee investigating my work for 16 months in the United States.

1:40:471:40:54

"That committee is composed of outstanding orthopaedic men.

1:40:541:40:59

"Yes, the walls of Jericho are really tumbling down.

1:40:591:41:03

"I have every reason to believe that it will not be another fiasco like the royal commission.

1:41:041:41:11

"If it is unfavourable, I shall have a spasm." Spasm.

1:41:111:41:15

"But more of this later. Today is the climax of my three years' work in Minneapolis.

1:41:151:41:22

"You won't believe a word of this, but it's true.

1:41:221:41:26

"This morning I am lecturing to orthopaedic surgeons. Cross my heart.

1:41:261:41:32

"My first lecture. The first course of study at the new institute.

1:41:321:41:38

"Also, it is my birthday. And don't go round telling people how old I am. I don't like it.

1:41:381:41:45

"Oh. Another thing. The new book is just out. Even Brack will have to read..."

1:41:451:41:51

-Brack?

-B-R-A-C-K, Brack.

1:41:511:41:53

"..it was written in collaboration with an orthopaedic man,

1:41:531:41:57

"the medical director of the Kenny Institute."

1:41:571:42:01

"I am sending you a copy with this letter."

1:42:011:42:04

-Yes.

-A cablegram, Sister.

-Thank you.

1:42:041:42:06

"I long to see Australia. But since I cannot get away, you will have to come to America next year,

1:42:061:42:13

"and see a hep cat bush nurse. You won't know what that means.

1:42:131:42:18

"It's an honorary degree.

1:42:181:42:21

"Incidentally, I have three real honorary degrees.

1:42:211:42:25

"I don't know why I am writing in such a familiar way to a mere MD."

1:42:251:42:30

Is that all?

1:42:351:42:38

Is that the end, Sister?

1:42:401:42:42

Yes.

1:42:451:42:47

But, you were going to add something about the report, when it comes out.

1:42:471:42:52

Shall I type up what I have?

1:42:591:43:01

No. Never mind.

1:43:031:43:06

-The doctors are waiting for you, Sister.

-Thank you.

1:43:121:43:17

LOUD APPLAUSE

1:43:311:43:34

Thank you, doctors.

1:43:441:43:47

Thank you very much.

1:43:471:43:49

I am not in the habit of being greeted so warmly by doctors.

1:43:491:43:54

LAUGHTER

1:43:541:43:56

Your laughter reminds me of an occasion many years ago

1:43:561:44:01

when I was greeted by laughter of another sort.

1:44:011:44:04

It was because I used four words you are going to hear often in this course.

1:44:041:44:10

Spasm, alienation, incoordination and re-education.

1:44:101:44:15

Before demonstrating their application, the medical director has asked to speak.

1:44:151:44:21

I have Sister Kenny's permission to speak, but not to say this.

1:44:231:44:28

When she lays me out afterwards...

1:44:281:44:31

LAUGHTER ..I'm going to tell her she opened the door by mentioning re-education.

1:44:311:44:36

Gentlemen, that's what you're here for - re-education.

1:44:361:44:40

Like myself, you went to medical school, worked hard,

1:44:401:44:44

again, like myself, you went into a difficult branch and more study.

1:44:441:44:49

You piled up experience and today you feel fully qualified.

1:44:491:44:53

Hard as it is to learn, it is even more difficult to unlearn.

1:44:531:44:58

As an American humourist said many years ago,

1:44:581:45:01

"It ain't the things we don't know that causes the trouble, it's the things we do know that ain't so."

1:45:011:45:08

I'm aware that not all of you are convinced,

1:45:081:45:12

but the fact you are here from all over shows you are open-minded.

1:45:121:45:17

In my opinion, had Miss Kenny been a doctor, this controversy would not have gone on for 35 years.

1:45:171:45:24

I'm equally sure - and I say this at some risk...

1:45:241:45:28

LAUGHTER

1:45:281:45:30

..that if Sister Kenny had used more sugar and less vinegar, the salad would have gone down better.

1:45:301:45:37

But you can't fight 35 years without the use of vinegar.

1:45:371:45:41

But these petty things should be swept aside.

1:45:411:45:44

We are concerned about the lives of children, not our feelings.

1:45:441:45:49

As physicians, we want to find the best treatment for this disease

1:45:491:45:53

that afflicted 19,000 children last year in the USA alone.

1:45:531:45:57

APPLAUSE

1:45:571:46:00

Thank you, doctor.

1:46:041:46:06

Now, Tommy.

1:46:061:46:08

You see here a typical case in the convalescent stage.

1:46:081:46:12

The acute stage has passed, pain has gone, but difficulties begin.

1:46:121:46:17

We have apparent or functional paralysis, what I call alienation.

1:46:171:46:23

INAUDIBLE

1:46:231:46:25

I have been told that the report of the national committee is on the radio. They're putting it on.

1:46:271:46:35

RADIO: And in conclusion, the five specialists who compose the committee report that

1:46:351:46:41

they find no evidence that the Kenny treatment prevents or decreases the amount of paralysis.

1:46:411:46:48

I quote: "We criticise the statements of Miss Kenny, that patients who have come to her,

1:46:481:46:55

"that had this case come to her early, the disability would have been prevented.

1:46:551:47:01

"This is not founded on fact."

1:47:011:47:03

The entire report of the committee is a severe criticism of Sister Kenny and her supporters.

1:47:031:47:10

With respect to her claims for recoveries, she is accused of:

1:47:101:47:14

"deliberate misrepresentation of the facts of treatment by other methods".

1:47:141:47:19

MURMURING

1:47:191:47:22

I don't know what evidence the committee considered, but we who are using the treatment

1:47:241:47:30

know enough to know that crooked limbs and twisted bodies are not a necessary consequence of the disease.

1:47:301:47:38

These tragedies do not occur in cases treated here.

1:47:381:47:42

As medical director of the Kenny Institute, I have no hesitation in saying it is time to abolish methods

1:47:421:47:49

which allow suffer children to suffer deformities.

1:47:491:47:52

APPLAUSE

1:47:521:47:54

That's a very fine speech, but I'm tired of being polite.

1:47:581:48:02

Children are more important than medical etiquette. Committees investigate Sister Kenny's ideas,

1:48:021:48:08

-but who investigated the brains of the committees?

-I did.

1:48:081:48:13

I've survived worse blows than this when I had fewer friends.

1:48:131:48:17

This is a problem of man's own mind.

1:48:171:48:20

When we speak with the voice of authority, we come to believe we are authority and not its voice.

1:48:201:48:27

This report will do damage.

1:48:271:48:29

Not to me but to thousands of children denied proper treatment.

1:48:291:48:34

I think the personal attack is unworthy of these gentlemen.

1:48:341:48:38

I never misrepresent facts. I don't have to. I owe too much to doctors to be embittered.

1:48:381:48:44

And don't think this work has gone unnoticed elsewhere.

1:48:441:48:48

Infantile paralysis knows nothing about borders, races, creeds, colours - nor does medicine.

1:48:481:48:56

I've fought doctors in the bush, in the city, and I haven't pulled any punches. Neither have they.

1:48:561:49:03

They are stubborn, headstrong, cantankerous and they're wonderful.

1:49:031:49:08

Fighting so bitterly for what they believe has made me respect them.

1:49:081:49:13

If any men give a better account when they meet their maker...

1:49:131:49:18

Forgive me, gentlemen. I am thinking of a doctor very close to me in this work, a very good man.

1:49:181:49:27

And now, to return to the subject of teaching these muscles to walk again.

1:49:311:49:37

You haven't touched your tea, Sister.

1:49:401:49:42

Oh, I was thinking.

1:49:421:49:45

CHILDREN CHATTER OUTSIDE

1:49:531:49:56

-What's that?

-I don't know.

1:49:561:49:59

CHILDREN'S VOICES GROW LOUDER

1:50:101:50:14

CHILDREN SING: # Happy birthday to you

1:50:171:50:21

# Happy birthday to you

1:50:211:50:25

# Happy birthday dear Sister

1:50:251:50:30

# Happy birthday to you

1:50:301:50:34

# Happy birthday to you

1:50:341:50:39

# Happy birthday to you

1:50:391:50:43

# Happy birthday dear Sister

1:50:431:50:48

# Happy birthday to you. #

1:50:481:50:52

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1:51:021:51:06

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