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This programme contains scenes which some viewers may find disturbing. | :00:08. | :00:13. | |
A harrowing IS attack on Brussels, on the open society it represents, | :00:14. | :00:36. | |
What can the continent do to thwart these attacks | :00:37. | :00:42. | |
But it is Europe which has been targeted. | :00:43. | :00:52. | |
It is the whole world which is concerned with this. | :00:53. | :01:03. | |
One of the most cosmopolitan cities in the world, where most of | :01:04. | :01:07. | |
Tens of thousands working for the EU and thousands more of course, | :01:08. | :01:12. | |
Brussels was rocked by three explosions this morning, | :01:13. | :01:15. | |
killing more than 30 people and injuring 200 or so more. | :01:16. | :01:17. | |
International terror, attacking the whole concept of an international, | :01:18. | :01:20. | |
Well, no-one is surprised this has occurred, | :01:21. | :01:24. | |
given the Brussels connection to the French terror attacks last year, | :01:25. | :01:27. | |
For a look at the day's events, here's Gabriel Gatehouse. | :01:28. | :01:34. | |
I am about 300 metres from Maelbeek station. | :01:35. | :01:36. | |
Behind me is the European Parliament building. | :01:37. | :01:51. | |
It is eerily quiet on the streets below. | :01:52. | :01:53. | |
People are gathering tonight at the Place de la Bourse. | :01:54. | :01:56. | |
People are writing messages in chalk on the ground. | :01:57. | :01:59. | |
Similar to the scenes we saw in Paris. | :02:00. | :02:01. | |
There is always an emotional response to these | :02:02. | :02:03. | |
events and a collective emotional response at that. | :02:04. | :02:19. | |
As people were dropping off their bags at the American Airlines desk. | :02:20. | :02:24. | |
These pictures show the scene moments after the blast | :02:25. | :02:34. | |
ripped through the familiar rituals of international air travel. | :02:35. | :02:38. | |
One minute before we were there at the place of the explosion. | :02:39. | :02:59. | |
Vanessa and Xavier were meant to be travelling to Miami for a holiday | :03:00. | :03:10. | |
They ran out in a panic with everybody else. | :03:11. | :03:23. | |
The attackers had planned a third explosion. | :03:24. | :03:25. | |
But by then, the departure lounge was littered with bodies. | :03:26. | :03:30. | |
The two explosions at the airport came at around 8am. | :03:31. | :03:47. | |
Then just over an hour later, 11 minutes past 9am, another attack. | :03:48. | :04:01. | |
This time on a Metro train in the heart of the European quarter. | :04:02. | :04:04. | |
Passengers were evacuated along the smoke-filled tunnels | :04:05. | :04:09. | |
The bomb had exploded on the train up ahead in | :04:10. | :04:15. | |
the middle carriage of a three car train, killing around 20 people. | :04:16. | :04:18. | |
Above ground, a huge security operation began. | :04:19. | :04:23. | |
People working in nearby offices rushed out to find what had happened | :04:24. | :04:26. | |
People just covering them with towels and sheets. | :04:27. | :04:34. | |
She was just sat on the floor, crying. | :04:35. | :04:45. | |
In what was a very chaotic adrenaline filled moment, you know, | :04:46. | :04:48. | |
There was literally horror on the streets of Belgium. | :04:49. | :04:53. | |
All public transport in the city was shut down. | :04:54. | :04:59. | |
Outside the headquarters of the European Commission today, | :05:00. | :05:01. | |
bureaucrats were replaced by soldiers. | :05:02. | :05:06. | |
If the aim is to paralyse, they have certainly achieved that aim. | :05:07. | :05:09. | |
This is the heart of Europe, the place where all of the | :05:10. | :05:12. | |
And look - it is under complete lockdown. | :05:13. | :05:25. | |
Apart from the police, nobody is going in or coming out. | :05:26. | :05:28. | |
This was not just an attack on Europe, but perhaps on Nato, too. | :05:29. | :05:33. | |
This was not just an attack on Europe, but perhaps on Nato, too, | :05:34. | :05:36. | |
whose planes bombing Islamic State in Iraq and Syria, and whose | :05:37. | :05:39. | |
Police circulated a picture of the attackers at the airport, seen | :05:40. | :05:45. | |
here pushing trolleys through the airport minutes before the attack. | :05:46. | :05:47. | |
TRANSLATION: A photograph of three male suspects was taken | :05:48. | :05:50. | |
Two of them appear to have committed suicide attacks. | :05:51. | :05:58. | |
The third in a light-coloured jacket and a hat is being searched for. | :05:59. | :06:01. | |
As police search for the man in the light jacket, the city was | :06:02. | :06:05. | |
coming to terms with its darkest days since the Second World War. | :06:06. | :06:08. | |
As in Paris, they responded with a show of unity. | :06:09. | :06:13. | |
Only last Friday, one of the suspects in the Paris attacks | :06:14. | :06:15. | |
Many have been waiting nervously for something similar. | :06:16. | :06:24. | |
For those whose lives were changed for ever today, defiance | :06:25. | :06:26. | |
Tonight, there are searches ongoing across the country. | :06:27. | :06:52. | |
Police are Brussels have zoned in on an apartment where they say they | :06:53. | :06:55. | |
have found an IS flag and another explosive device. | :06:56. | :06:59. | |
But the hunt for the missing bomber continues. | :07:00. | :07:04. | |
I am joined by John Crombez, leader of the opposition in the Flemish | :07:05. | :07:08. | |
parliament and a former minister, and by Beatrice Delvaux, the lead | :07:09. | :07:13. | |
This is a day nobody will ever forget. | :07:14. | :07:28. | |
Very rare for the King to express him self like that. | :07:29. | :07:36. | |
People knew that something like that could happen. | :07:37. | :07:42. | |
But at the same time we were surprised. | :07:43. | :07:44. | |
Especially because it was after the victory of the capture | :07:45. | :07:47. | |
We thought it was the beginning of a solution, but that wasn't the case. | :07:48. | :07:56. | |
John, the security forces and their role in this, is this something | :07:57. | :08:03. | |
Belgians feel proud of at the moment, or is there a sense of | :08:04. | :08:06. | |
The result has gone wrong because Belgium has been hit in a way we | :08:07. | :08:13. | |
haven't seen before, or since a long time. | :08:14. | :08:17. | |
We are confronted with networks of terrorists where the intelligence | :08:18. | :08:19. | |
and the anti-terror units are going to need to be upgraded | :08:20. | :08:25. | |
in a sense that they need the right instruments, the right number of | :08:26. | :08:28. | |
people, the right exchange of information that is going to go | :08:29. | :08:31. | |
Do you think this problem is bigger than Belgium can cope with? | :08:32. | :08:38. | |
It is disproportionately big in Belgium. | :08:39. | :08:53. | |
I just wonder if it is one this country needs help with? | :08:54. | :08:56. | |
What is going to be important is that we don't consider this | :08:57. | :08:59. | |
Like before when it happened in France, a French problem. | :09:00. | :09:02. | |
This is where Europe needs to talk about shared intelligence. | :09:03. | :09:12. | |
That is something that needs to be European. | :09:13. | :09:14. | |
Europe should be able to manage this together. | :09:15. | :09:21. | |
You talk about European issues and the international nature | :09:22. | :09:23. | |
I just wonder whether, this is such an international city, isn't it? | :09:24. | :09:35. | |
I think it was ranked the second most international after Dubai | :09:36. | :09:38. | |
in terms of proportion of people born overseas who are living here. | :09:39. | :09:41. | |
I wonder whether that shapes the response here, | :09:42. | :09:43. | |
and shapes what people feel about the nature of the threat here? | :09:44. | :09:50. | |
No, I think, basically the Belgians fear what can | :09:51. | :09:52. | |
We thought that what happened in Charlie Hebdo and | :09:53. | :10:01. | |
People here are aware that terrorists do travel. | :10:02. | :10:20. | |
There is this link between the Belgian terrorist | :10:21. | :10:21. | |
in the French terrorists after what happened in Paris. | :10:22. | :10:24. | |
It was by French people and people who were born here in Belgium. | :10:25. | :10:27. | |
But they can travel through the frontiers. | :10:28. | :10:29. | |
They can travel between the countries because there was not | :10:30. | :10:31. | |
enough exchange of information between the two countries. | :10:32. | :10:33. | |
Salah Abdeslam was able to cross the border after the Bataclan. | :10:34. | :10:36. | |
The French police didn't identify him. | :10:37. | :10:38. | |
It wasn't that the French did anything wrong, or the French or the | :10:39. | :10:41. | |
Belgian police, but if they don't work together it won't be solved. | :10:42. | :10:48. | |
We have already started, in this conversation, | :10:49. | :10:50. | |
having a small inquest into things which may have gone wrong. | :10:51. | :10:58. | |
This possibly isn't the days of this inquest, is it? | :10:59. | :11:07. | |
This is not the day for those kinds of difficult questions. | :11:08. | :11:09. | |
Belgium has been hit by something so big. | :11:10. | :11:11. | |
It hasn't been hit by something like this in decades. | :11:12. | :11:14. | |
If we can manage this, we are going to have to manage this together. | :11:15. | :11:23. | |
This is no time for politics in finding oppositions, | :11:24. | :11:25. | |
People need to be aware of the fact that we can overcome this, | :11:26. | :11:44. | |
we are going to need to do this together. | :11:45. | :11:46. | |
We often think of Belgium as a country divided between French | :11:47. | :11:49. | |
We joke about how long it takes to form a government in Belgium. | :11:50. | :11:53. | |
I just wonder whether this is one of those psychological or physical | :11:54. | :11:56. | |
shocks to a nation which, in a sense, develops deeper spirit, | :11:57. | :11:59. | |
I would like to be as optimistic as you are. | :12:00. | :12:05. | |
Like any other country, after few days, you have to go back. | :12:06. | :12:09. | |
After the Charlie Hebdo, you know one political party, | :12:10. | :12:14. | |
one Flemish, during two or three days there was a sense of union | :12:15. | :12:17. | |
After that, the Flemish nationalist party issued | :12:18. | :12:28. | |
a statement saying that it was the fault of the French Socialists, | :12:29. | :12:34. | |
of the Islamic behaviour, or the fact that they were sympathetic | :12:35. | :12:37. | |
I think today is maybe not the day to ask questions. | :12:38. | :12:51. | |
Months ago, we had success against terrorism. | :12:52. | :13:03. | |
In the South of France, we arrested people before and killed them before | :13:04. | :13:06. | |
At the same time, we think we can handle this, but | :13:07. | :13:14. | |
then at the same time, this happened today and we just ask questions. | :13:15. | :13:18. | |
We won't stop asking them because of some union that has to be here | :13:19. | :13:29. | |
Let's finish by asking, lifestyle changes... | :13:30. | :13:36. | |
There are countries like Israel where security is embedded | :13:37. | :13:38. | |
It's something everybody does because they have been used more | :13:39. | :13:49. | |
of these kinds of events than most of us in Europe. | :13:50. | :13:52. | |
Do you think Belgians, or other Europeans, are ready to | :13:53. | :13:54. | |
significantly change lifestyles to put security as a higher priority? | :13:55. | :14:04. | |
No, and I would say the reaction today is quite strong | :14:05. | :14:06. | |
already, that people are saying, we will not hand our country over | :14:07. | :14:09. | |
We don't need that overcome this, but we are going to need to be very | :14:10. | :14:14. | |
strong and improve on security to do that. | :14:15. | :14:21. | |
We can only say we will survive this as a society, | :14:22. | :14:24. | |
we need to make security stronger, information stronger. | :14:25. | :14:29. | |
Solidarity is one of the features in these ghastly days. | :14:30. | :14:39. | |
Everybody declaring themselves to be at one with | :14:40. | :14:41. | |
There has been a particularly strong degree of solidarity | :14:42. | :14:45. | |
between the French and Belgians in recent months, both victims | :14:46. | :14:47. | |
There was solidarity in lights tonight, with the Eiffel Tower | :14:48. | :15:12. | |
But that has been tension between those two countries, | :15:13. | :15:15. | |
Belgium bridling at some of the criticism it faced losing control of | :15:16. | :15:18. | |
that district of Molenbeek, and any tension between Belgium and France | :15:19. | :15:21. | |
points to a bigger problem, that Europe talks about solidarity, | :15:22. | :15:23. | |
but exhibits too little of it when it comes to security cooperation. | :15:24. | :15:26. | |
So we are going to spend the next few minutes thinking | :15:27. | :15:29. | |
about different aspects of the threat and how to deal with it. | :15:30. | :15:32. | |
This looks like a pretty catastrophic failure | :15:33. | :15:35. | |
What do our security services say about this? | :15:36. | :15:53. | |
There have been persistent reports that Belgian intelligence has been | :15:54. | :15:56. | |
swamped by the caseload, and that is not coming from British security | :15:57. | :15:59. | |
And the numbers would seem to back that up. | :16:00. | :16:03. | |
350 jihadis from Belgium have travelled to Syria to fight | :16:04. | :16:06. | |
In terms of per capita population, that is the biggest problem | :16:07. | :16:09. | |
I spoke to counterterrorism sources here today, and they were reluctant | :16:10. | :16:13. | |
to criticise their Belgian counterterrorist counterparts here | :16:14. | :16:18. | |
today, but they did say that some don't have sufficiently close enough | :16:19. | :16:20. | |
relationships with police, and I spoke to a former French | :16:21. | :16:24. | |
government minister tonight, and he told me there is | :16:25. | :16:26. | |
And to look at this, you really have to consider one fact. | :16:27. | :16:36. | |
After the Paris attacks, they were hunting for Salah Abdeslam, | :16:37. | :16:38. | |
and it took them four months to find him, and he was hiding in plain | :16:39. | :16:42. | |
And given the nature of the targets today, it was | :16:43. | :16:49. | |
an airport, but it was landside, not air side, so no security. | :16:50. | :16:56. | |
What's to security people think you can do about those kinds of targets | :16:57. | :16:59. | |
Protecting a soft target is the key, clearly, and I have been speaking to | :17:00. | :17:08. | |
security experts today talking about a rather controversial technique | :17:09. | :17:10. | |
called behavioural analysis, and this basically means putting | :17:11. | :17:12. | |
plainclothes people into locations where they can watch passengers | :17:13. | :17:18. | |
before they pass through security, before they mount planes and trains, | :17:19. | :17:21. | |
and this is what one security expert had to say to me today. | :17:22. | :17:30. | |
Behavioural analysis is all about identifying somebody was | :17:31. | :17:37. | |
negative intent, it doesn't matter whether it is a passenger, | :17:38. | :17:41. | |
I have long advocated that this should either | :17:42. | :17:48. | |
primary method of screening at airports, in the UK and worldwide, | :17:49. | :17:51. | |
and there has been so much resistance over the years because | :17:52. | :17:54. | |
people feel that we are going to be racially profiling people | :17:55. | :17:57. | |
rather than making intelligent decisions based on common sense. | :17:58. | :18:04. | |
Richard Watson, thank you very much indeed. | :18:05. | :18:07. | |
We can't be tough on terror or the causes | :18:08. | :18:09. | |
of terror without understanding the things that make it flourish. | :18:10. | :18:12. | |
To understand those things by the way is not to justify them | :18:13. | :18:15. | |
And sadly, fairly or not, it's the Brussels district | :18:16. | :18:20. | |
of Molenbeek that often comes up as exhibit number one, of community | :18:21. | :18:23. | |
Secunder Kermani has been spending time in Molenbeek, he's | :18:24. | :18:30. | |
been making a Panorama programme that will air tomorrow night. | :18:31. | :18:33. | |
And it isn't just Molenbeek that is the focus | :18:34. | :18:37. | |
Yes, we have seen raids in a district | :18:38. | :18:44. | |
called Schaerbeek, about 15 minutes from Molenbeek, both of these areas | :18:45. | :18:49. | |
They are in a geographical semicircle of deprived areas | :18:50. | :18:58. | |
around a central canal in Brussels, and we have seen people look | :18:59. | :19:03. | |
at Molenbeek as the centre of radicalisation, but it is not as | :19:04. | :19:10. | |
The Paris attackers, they came from Molenbeek but they | :19:11. | :19:21. | |
also had a safe house in Schaerbeek where they manufactured suicide | :19:22. | :19:23. | |
belts, and we don't know what connection there is between today's | :19:24. | :19:26. | |
We see areas outside of Brussels, Antwerp is also seen significant | :19:27. | :19:36. | |
numbers of young people go over to Syria. | :19:37. | :19:42. | |
But with all those caveats, if you want to understand the causes behind | :19:43. | :19:46. | |
radicalisation in Belgium, Molenbeek is as good a place as any to go, | :19:47. | :19:49. | |
and I went back there today, as well as of course there being a lot of | :19:50. | :19:53. | |
sympathy for the victims are today's awful events, there is also | :19:54. | :19:55. | |
a sense of foreboding about what the events could mean for the community | :19:56. | :19:59. | |
We don't know if today's attackers came from here, but it has been | :20:00. | :20:10. | |
the centre of Belgian's problems with radicalisation. | :20:11. | :20:13. | |
Just last Friday, security services here celebrate | :20:14. | :20:15. | |
the capture of Salah Abdeslam, the final member of the group that | :20:16. | :20:23. | |
Many in a support network all grew up in Molenbeek. | :20:24. | :20:30. | |
Today's attacks have left some here worrying what will be revealed | :20:31. | :20:33. | |
Belgium has a higher number of jihadi is in Syria per capita than | :20:34. | :21:08. | |
anywhere else in Europe, and for the past few weeks, I have been spending | :21:09. | :21:12. | |
One reason many in the Muslim community here and is that when the | :21:13. | :21:25. | |
Syrian conflict started, authorities didn't seem overly concerned | :21:26. | :21:26. | |
Molenbeek has 40% youth unemployment. | :21:27. | :22:09. | |
There are a lot of disaffected young men here, and some are | :22:10. | :22:12. | |
This Sheikh used to be one of Molenbeek's most well-known | :22:13. | :22:23. | |
preachers, but is now in Syria with a rebel group fighting against both | :22:24. | :22:27. | |
In Molenbeek, many labelled him a radical, but unlike a new generation | :22:28. | :22:34. | |
of IS jihadists, he says he is firmly against attacks in the West. | :22:35. | :22:55. | |
I asked him why he thought so many young people from | :22:56. | :22:57. | |
For some, this solution to the threat to IS lies | :22:58. | :24:12. | |
For others, it lies closer to home, but whatever the solutions are, | :24:13. | :24:19. | |
they are already too late for today's victims. | :24:20. | :25:27. | |
For many of us, this has been the driest spell of weather since last | :25:28. | :25:32. | |
autumn. It is because the jet stream, the thing that | :25:33. | :25:34. |