Browse content similar to 24/05/2016. Check below for episodes and series from the same categories and more!
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Tonight, Newsnight learns the Vote Leave campaign | :00:00. | :00:08. | |
is embarking on a new strategy, aimed at securing their core vote. | :00:09. | :00:11. | |
Immigration will become their main issue. | :00:12. | :00:14. | |
Expect to hear much less on issues of sovreignty. | :00:15. | :00:16. | |
Our political editor Nick Watt has the story. | :00:17. | :00:23. | |
Are you trying to run a positive and outward looking campaign but with | :00:24. | :00:29. | |
evidence showing that turnout will be low, they have now decided to | :00:30. | :00:32. | |
embark on a classic appeal to their base. -- the Leave campaign are | :00:33. | :00:36. | |
trying to run. Also tonight, what does the narrow | :00:37. | :00:38. | |
election of a Green president instead of one from the Far Right | :00:39. | :00:40. | |
tell us about Austria and Europe? His supporters are cheering but this | :00:41. | :00:43. | |
has been the narrowest of victories and Austria, much like Europe | :00:44. | :00:46. | |
itself, is now a place of deeply How do you win an election campaign | :00:47. | :00:49. | |
above all the shouting We speak to the man who ran | :00:50. | :00:53. | |
Obama's 2012 presidential Andd previously unknown paintings | :00:54. | :00:58. | |
by one of Britain's foremost 20th century artists | :00:59. | :01:08. | |
Francis Bacon come to light, under the watchful eye | :01:09. | :01:10. | |
of our arts correspondent, Four years after he died, | :01:11. | :01:12. | |
a room was found which everyone had forgotten about with a lot | :01:13. | :01:15. | |
of paintings in Newsnight has learnt of a change | :01:16. | :01:17. | |
of strategy at the heart of the Vote Leave campaign, | :01:18. | :01:31. | |
to help them get The campaign appears to be | :01:32. | :01:33. | |
acknowledging that the economic argument has been harder to sell | :01:34. | :01:44. | |
than they anticipated. As a result, the group campaigning | :01:45. | :01:46. | |
for Britain to leave the EU on June 23rd will decide | :01:47. | :01:49. | |
to stress their core The change of strategy has led | :01:50. | :01:51. | |
to unease in some quarters, but the group insists this | :01:52. | :01:55. | |
was always going to be the plan Our political editor Nick Watt has | :01:56. | :01:57. | |
the story and is here with me now. Tell us what you are hearing. It is | :01:58. | :02:08. | |
a difficult week for a Vote Leave. A succession of opinion polls has | :02:09. | :02:15. | |
shown that the momentum is with Remain. The Vote Leave campaign, | :02:16. | :02:18. | |
people are saying that they are not getting the economic risk argument | :02:19. | :02:21. | |
across. But they are saying that there is a path to victory because | :02:22. | :02:25. | |
another thing that pollsters are telling them is that turnout is | :02:26. | :02:29. | |
going to be low. A low turnout is good for the Brexit campaign, | :02:30. | :02:33. | |
because their supporters are more energised, but you have to get them | :02:34. | :02:36. | |
out, and therefore, you have to talk to them and talk to them with core | :02:37. | :02:40. | |
messages. Hence that focus on immigration. But it is interesting, | :02:41. | :02:46. | |
people in the campaign are saying that this was always their | :02:47. | :02:48. | |
intention. One person I spoke to said to me that this was all part of | :02:49. | :02:51. | |
the strategy, we wanted to go hard on a liberal message at the start of | :02:52. | :02:55. | |
the campaign and then we would go very hard on the NHS and immigration | :02:56. | :03:00. | |
at the end. Well, I have to say, when I was chatting to similar | :03:01. | :03:04. | |
people earlier in the year, that was not the message I got. The message | :03:05. | :03:08. | |
was that we mustn't define our campaign on immigration because | :03:09. | :03:14. | |
there is a ceiling of 20-30% immigration, and guess what, you | :03:15. | :03:18. | |
could then repel other voters. So this was not what they were meant to | :03:19. | :03:21. | |
be doing at the beginning of the campaign. And your sense within the | :03:22. | :03:25. | |
campaign, how popular is this going to be, how uneasy are people? What | :03:26. | :03:31. | |
is the mood? Well, there is an ease and criticism. One of the defining | :03:32. | :03:36. | |
moments was a speech that Michael Gove made on the 19th of April, | :03:37. | :03:41. | |
which he opened with a great, positive, optimistic vision, saying | :03:42. | :03:44. | |
that this is what Britain could do, a proper democracy, a positive | :03:45. | :03:48. | |
vision. But one person in the campaign said that he then did two | :03:49. | :03:52. | |
things that offended their pollen findings. The first point, he said | :03:53. | :03:56. | |
that they could liberate the continent of Europe and could be a | :03:57. | :04:00. | |
contagion across Europe. Pollan says, do not frighten the core | :04:01. | :04:05. | |
voters, who are older voters. A word like contagion frightens them. The | :04:06. | :04:08. | |
second thing he did, he said that Vote Leave did not want to be in the | :04:09. | :04:12. | |
single market and he gave the impression, although he did not | :04:13. | :04:17. | |
actually say, that we could have the same relationship with Albania. And | :04:18. | :04:21. | |
polling shows that one area where the Vote Leave campaign is weak is | :04:22. | :04:26. | |
on trade and the economy. We don't want to be like Albania? Important | :04:27. | :04:30. | |
to say that there are strong criticisms of Michael Gove within | :04:31. | :04:34. | |
the campaign but there are others with heartfelt concerns. One | :04:35. | :04:38. | |
minister said that we are facing a soon army of facts from George | :04:39. | :04:43. | |
Osborne, from Mark Carney, from the IMF, and what can we do? All we can | :04:44. | :04:48. | |
do against that is play defence. The one thing that we can play | :04:49. | :04:54. | |
offensively is immigration. This minister does not feel comfortable | :04:55. | :04:57. | |
about that but that is the only area where they can set the agenda. | :04:58. | :05:01. | |
Interestingly, the Prime Minister is on his way to the G7 Summit were | :05:02. | :05:05. | |
officially Brexit is not coming up, but if you look at the timetable, | :05:06. | :05:10. | |
you will find that there is a big discussion on Thursday about trade | :05:11. | :05:14. | |
and who is chairing that? It is one David Cameron. No doubt he will be | :05:15. | :05:17. | |
hoping that other world leaders around the summit table might | :05:18. | :05:21. | |
possibly agree with him about the dangers of Brexit. So you sense | :05:22. | :05:27. | |
overall, is this a big moment for Vote Leave? Wasn't always going to | :05:28. | :05:33. | |
happen? It feels like one of those moments in a presidential referendum | :05:34. | :05:38. | |
campaign where the polls suggest you are heading in a certain direction | :05:39. | :05:43. | |
and the weakness in the campaign is absolutely exposed. But this is a | :05:44. | :05:47. | |
snapshot of where we are now. Vote Leave say, we do have a path for | :05:48. | :05:52. | |
victory, and it is important to say that Conservative and Labour MPs on | :05:53. | :05:55. | |
the inside are saying that we appear to be winning the era war, but they | :05:56. | :06:02. | |
are very nervous because on the ground they see voters that they | :06:03. | :06:06. | |
thought would naturally sympathise with them saying that they do not | :06:07. | :06:10. | |
like the European Union and it is a chance to get out. And we will be | :06:11. | :06:14. | |
talking a little more about ground water of a different kind. -- ground | :06:15. | :06:20. | |
war. What are we to make | :06:21. | :06:21. | |
of the result of Austria's That the far right | :06:22. | :06:23. | |
candidate didn't win? Or that he opened the way | :06:24. | :06:26. | |
for a Green party leader? Norbert Hofer, the presidential | :06:27. | :06:30. | |
candidate of Austria's Freedom Party came within a hair's breadth | :06:31. | :06:32. | |
of becoming the European Union's first far right head of state | :06:33. | :06:36. | |
since the Second World War. And, as Gabriel Gatehouse | :06:37. | :06:38. | |
reports from Vienna, may be read across the parties | :06:39. | :06:40. | |
of the populist right in Europe that It was the postal | :06:41. | :06:44. | |
ballots that swung it. In the end, there were only | :06:45. | :06:49. | |
about 30,000 votes in it but they were enough | :06:50. | :06:51. | |
for Alexander Van der Bellen, an aristocratic economist, | :06:52. | :06:59. | |
the establishment candidate but not from one of the two historically | :07:00. | :07:02. | |
dominant parties, and crucially also He vowed to unite his country, | :07:03. | :07:05. | |
and he has got quite Well, the supporters are cheering | :07:06. | :07:11. | |
but this has been the narrowest of victories and Austria, | :07:12. | :07:20. | |
much like Europe itself, is now a place of deeply | :07:21. | :07:22. | |
polarised politics. For some of his supporters, there | :07:23. | :07:26. | |
was relief more than jubilation. Not least for this Syrian woman, | :07:27. | :07:34. | |
a Vienna resident of 30 years who has taken | :07:35. | :07:37. | |
in relatives who fled the war. This morning on the streets | :07:38. | :07:41. | |
of the capital, a fresh The Freedom Party may have lost this | :07:42. | :07:44. | |
time but it's got its eyes Perhaps it was the horrible weather, | :07:45. | :07:52. | |
but in district number 10, a neighbourhood of working-class | :07:53. | :08:03. | |
Austrians and immigrants, it didn't In the cafes, they started | :08:04. | :08:05. | |
drinking before noon. Most people we spoke | :08:06. | :08:11. | |
to were Freedom Party supporters. We have got a new president | :08:12. | :08:14. | |
and it is the same as for ten Vienna is proud of | :08:15. | :08:18. | |
its cultural history. The Freedom Party has capitalised | :08:19. | :08:37. | |
on fears among some Austrians that their country is being | :08:38. | :08:40. | |
overwhelmed by immigrants. In the run-up to this election, | :08:41. | :08:49. | |
one incident helped A cleaner, in her 50s, | :08:50. | :08:52. | |
was clubbed to death in the street. The suspect is a Kenyan who had | :08:53. | :08:58. | |
overstayed his visa. The case was widely covered | :08:59. | :09:07. | |
and her funeral was attended Paul Stadler was elected mayor | :09:08. | :09:10. | |
of this district last year, a neighbourhood that had for decades | :09:11. | :09:21. | |
been a stronghold of He does not like being | :09:22. | :09:23. | |
called a Nazi. Like many parties on the European | :09:24. | :10:05. | |
rights, the Freedom Party makes a conscious effort to sound | :10:06. | :10:08. | |
reasonable. But for some, the rhetoric has disturbing echoes. This | :10:09. | :10:13. | |
woman was eight when Germany annexed Austria. She remembers the Nazis | :10:14. | :10:22. | |
marching in. I could realise what it meant, it was only a little event in | :10:23. | :10:27. | |
school. The first class or upper second class, we had to have praying | :10:28. | :10:37. | |
in the morning, and the next day another teacher came in and said, | :10:38. | :10:42. | |
Heil Hitler. That was a change. From one day to another. And when you | :10:43. | :10:48. | |
look at politics in Austria today, and what has been happening in the | :10:49. | :10:57. | |
past few weeks, what do you think? That they are all wolves. At first I | :10:58. | :11:04. | |
am thinking, is it possible that young people didn't learn anything | :11:05. | :11:17. | |
from history? To arouse these ideas? To be clear, the Freedom Party is | :11:18. | :11:20. | |
not the Nazi party. It is attracting voters from the right and the left, | :11:21. | :11:26. | |
on issues that range from identity to economic. The selection tells us | :11:27. | :11:33. | |
something really quite startling about the extent to which, the speed | :11:34. | :11:36. | |
at which people are losing faith in the old political consensus, the old | :11:37. | :11:41. | |
duopoly of centre-left versus centre-right which has governed so | :11:42. | :11:47. | |
much of Europe since the end of the Second World War. It is no longer | :11:48. | :11:51. | |
right and left. It is the division of education, income, wealth. Of sex | :11:52. | :11:55. | |
also, because many more female voters support the left. Today's | :11:56. | :12:07. | |
front pages call Mr Van der Bellen half a president. Austria is not the | :12:08. | :12:13. | |
only country in Europe today where the dividing line is between those | :12:14. | :12:17. | |
who feel they are benefiting from globalisation and those who are sure | :12:18. | :12:20. | |
that they are not. Those against it have called it | :12:21. | :12:24. | |
a "declaration of war" and say the North Yorkshire Council | :12:25. | :12:26. | |
is riding roughshod over their democracy and their right | :12:27. | :12:29. | |
to clean air and water. But the UK shale gas | :12:30. | :12:32. | |
industry has just recevied a major shot in the arm | :12:33. | :12:35. | |
with the approval by the council of the first fracking | :12:36. | :12:37. | |
application for five years. The vote came after two | :12:38. | :12:40. | |
full days of hearings will first test for up to six weeks | :12:41. | :12:45. | |
to see if the rock below ground is suitable and | :12:46. | :12:52. | |
gas can be extracted without destabilising | :12:53. | :12:54. | |
the ground around it. It will then need permission | :12:55. | :12:55. | |
on a large scale, which would lead to several hundred | :12:56. | :12:58. | |
wells across North Yorkshire. North Yorkshire is nothing | :12:59. | :13:04. | |
if not beautiful. So there is nervousness and anger | :13:05. | :13:10. | |
that the county council yesterday granted the first license | :13:11. | :13:14. | |
for fracking since the government lifted the moratorium | :13:15. | :13:16. | |
on the practice in 2012. It is a decision that will be | :13:17. | :13:23. | |
watched across much of Frackers hope to get to get gas | :13:24. | :13:32. | |
here from the Bowland shale, a geological feature that can be | :13:33. | :13:43. | |
tapped across much of Officials estimate that the amount | :13:44. | :13:46. | |
of gas in the sale is 13 times larger than all of the reserves | :13:47. | :13:50. | |
still under the North Sea, plus all of the gas | :13:51. | :13:53. | |
we have drawn from it. Although of course much | :13:54. | :13:55. | |
will not be recoverable. You can see why the Treasury | :13:56. | :13:57. | |
is pro-fracking, so why What we had to focus on was the site | :13:58. | :14:00. | |
itself and whether this We weren't determining | :14:01. | :14:04. | |
whether fracking should be allowed nationally, | :14:05. | :14:11. | |
or whether the technology was safe, that was covered | :14:12. | :14:13. | |
by an environmental permit. This was about the land use | :14:14. | :14:15. | |
of the specific site. This is the site in question and it | :14:16. | :14:17. | |
really isn't a beauty spot. This has proven quite | :14:18. | :14:20. | |
a straightforward case drilling for gas for 20 years | :14:21. | :14:30. | |
using The site behind me | :14:31. | :14:36. | |
where the fracking will happen is already fully | :14:37. | :14:39. | |
screened off and protected. It's true that they have to build | :14:40. | :14:40. | |
a new drilling rig to go alongside the existing kit, | :14:41. | :14:43. | |
but this is hardly unspoiled Less than a mile in that direction | :14:44. | :14:46. | |
is Flamingo Land, a big One major concern about fracking | :14:47. | :14:51. | |
is ground water being tainted but even that | :14:52. | :14:57. | |
isn't a problem here. The target for fracking is between | :14:58. | :15:05. | |
2000 and 10,000 metres below the ground. To get there, fractures will | :15:06. | :15:13. | |
have to go through the millstone grit formation. But the water there | :15:14. | :15:17. | |
does not circulate and is a line to begin with. Ground water at this | :15:18. | :15:21. | |
site does not go anywhere that it might affect anything. But local | :15:22. | :15:25. | |
people like this GP and his son are less worried about the drilling as | :15:26. | :15:29. | |
much as what will come next. I am worried about the president. This | :15:30. | :15:32. | |
well has already been drilled and we knew it would be a difficult one to | :15:33. | :15:37. | |
fight. But it does set a precedent. This area of north Yorkshire is | :15:38. | :15:42. | |
licensed to third Energy and other companies waiting in the wings to | :15:43. | :15:45. | |
see how this went. The green light means that now they are chomping at | :15:46. | :15:49. | |
the bit and we will see applications coming in thick and fast. We know | :15:50. | :15:53. | |
from studies in America the ground water can be impacted from fracking. | :15:54. | :15:58. | |
I think this well will not be a problem because of the absence of an | :15:59. | :16:02. | |
underlying aquifer, but we know that the returned water can be spilled, | :16:03. | :16:08. | |
and sometimes it links into ground water from a defect in the well it | :16:09. | :16:14. | |
self. And once you pollute and aquifer, there is no way to clean | :16:15. | :16:19. | |
it. It is the fear that North Yorkshire could be spoiled and | :16:20. | :16:22. | |
overrun by fractures that has led smaller councils in the area to | :16:23. | :16:26. | |
oppose the county decision. We put in an objection, as did another 14 | :16:27. | :16:33. | |
Parish councils in the district. But ultimately, the responsibility was | :16:34. | :16:36. | |
made by North Yorkshire County Council, who are the minerals | :16:37. | :16:40. | |
authority. If you are sceptic about fracking, there are two big public | :16:41. | :16:44. | |
policy decisions to be thinking about. The first of these is our | :16:45. | :16:49. | |
national energy policy. This government has set out that it once | :16:50. | :16:52. | |
more gas-fired plants and more home produced gas to go into them. | :16:53. | :16:57. | |
Secondly, the government is changing the way that English local | :16:58. | :17:00. | |
government is financed, specifically around business rates. And it is | :17:01. | :17:04. | |
changing them in a way that makes it more lucrative for local government | :17:05. | :17:08. | |
to improve planning decisions for economic development. In short, they | :17:09. | :17:12. | |
are making it more costly for your local councillors from 2020 to turn | :17:13. | :17:16. | |
down applications for fracking sites. | :17:17. | :17:21. | |
Few sites will be as ready for fracking as this one, but the | :17:22. | :17:25. | |
frackers have a policy tailwind. With us here in the studio, | :17:26. | :17:27. | |
Ken Cronin from UK Onshore Oil and Gas, which represents | :17:28. | :17:30. | |
the fracking industry and Donna Hume Nice of you to come in. Donna, what | :17:31. | :17:41. | |
is your paramount worry? Friends of the Earth is really concerned about | :17:42. | :17:45. | |
two thing firstly that this decision is incredibly disappointing bike | :17:46. | :17:49. | |
Yorkshire county council and has been done against the wishes of the | :17:50. | :17:53. | |
local people who are overwhelmingly opposed, 99% of them, responses to | :17:54. | :17:59. | |
the Council, didn't want it to go ahead. The other point is about | :18:00. | :18:04. | |
climate change, this industry is looking to get more fossil fuels out | :18:05. | :18:07. | |
of the ground, six months after David Cameron came back from Paris | :18:08. | :18:10. | |
and said we need to be tackling climate change. If we are going to | :18:11. | :18:15. | |
have fracking on an industrial scale, it is the wrong direction for | :18:16. | :18:20. | |
the country's energy policy. Why would the industry wants to fly in | :18:21. | :18:25. | |
the face of such vehement local opposition? That must feel awful. I | :18:26. | :18:30. | |
don't think onshore energy, wind, solar, shale except, it always has | :18:31. | :18:37. | |
that kind of protest movement and shale is no different. Do you think | :18:38. | :18:41. | |
there is a protest group against wind power? Yes. Can I just say | :18:42. | :18:48. | |
actually, three times more people would like to live next to a wind | :18:49. | :18:52. | |
turbine and a fracking site and that is unsurprising in terms of the | :18:53. | :18:59. | |
local impact -- than a fracking site. I spoke to a woman who lived | :19:00. | :19:03. | |
close to the proposed site and she said that when the well was drilled | :19:04. | :19:07. | |
a couple of years ago, she could feel it in her house, the noise was | :19:08. | :19:13. | |
appalling. Third Energy offered triple glazing and a fan so that | :19:14. | :19:18. | |
they could keep the windows shut in the summer months. The actual | :19:19. | :19:24. | |
Yorkshire Council, they saw the evidence for that and the noise was | :19:25. | :19:28. | |
coming from a farm close by, a milking machine rather than any | :19:29. | :19:33. | |
milking activity. In terms of living close by wind farms, shale sites, | :19:34. | :19:38. | |
there are already 250 operating wells onshore in this country where | :19:39. | :19:42. | |
people lived very close by, they are very happy. Why do you think there | :19:43. | :19:50. | |
is a different sense with fracking? It is much more vocal and feels more | :19:51. | :19:55. | |
vehement? Part of it is down to the fact that there are many myths | :19:56. | :20:02. | |
portrayed, coming out of the US. We had a very different system of | :20:03. | :20:05. | |
regulation in this country in terms of the way that we drill wells, we | :20:06. | :20:10. | |
have four regulators and we have seen it in Yorkshire over the last | :20:11. | :20:14. | |
two days, where a lot of evidence was produced and the council came | :20:15. | :20:19. | |
down in favour. Is it possibly the fear of the unknown, hyped up from | :20:20. | :20:25. | |
what we have seen? There is a lot that is unknown about fracking. | :20:26. | :20:29. | |
Taking the American example, New York State conducted a two-year | :20:30. | :20:32. | |
public health assessment and concluded that there were | :20:33. | :20:35. | |
significant health risks and it's about risks, environmental. Coming | :20:36. | :20:39. | |
back to the climate change point that wasn't answered, why are we | :20:40. | :20:43. | |
trying to get more fossil fuels out of the ground when if we go down the | :20:44. | :20:48. | |
future of renewables which doesn't have these questions and will help | :20:49. | :20:51. | |
us to reduce carbon emissions and putting more into the atmosphere. | :20:52. | :20:55. | |
The first thing to say is that this country in 15 years will have an 80% | :20:56. | :21:00. | |
import dependency and those imports for gas will come from across oceans | :21:01. | :21:07. | |
and continents which has a major environmental impact. Studies show | :21:08. | :21:11. | |
that home-grown gas will have a much better environmental effect. You | :21:12. | :21:14. | |
think we can stop importing completely? The shale industry can | :21:15. | :21:21. | |
stop our import dependency by about 50%. While so think there is a myth | :21:22. | :21:25. | |
here about renewables versus gas. What we've seen in America is a | :21:26. | :21:32. | |
massive increase in renewables alongside shale. 18 states in | :21:33. | :21:37. | |
America we have seen a 678% increase in wind power investments. Let me | :21:38. | :21:41. | |
bring you back to the argument, do you feel that you have lost this? | :21:42. | :21:46. | |
The point that Chris Cook made is that it has become cheaper to make | :21:47. | :21:49. | |
these applications, you have seen the green light, is there a sense, | :21:50. | :21:55. | |
the campaigners feel they are on the losing end of this? Certainly not, | :21:56. | :21:59. | |
there's no doubt is going to be very difficult for fracking to go ahead | :22:00. | :22:02. | |
in this country with this much opposition, where ever it is | :22:03. | :22:09. | |
proposed, it is opposed. I was outside North Yorkshire County | :22:10. | :22:11. | |
Council and every person I spoke to, every resident Ted Babel promised to | :22:12. | :22:18. | |
continue fighting this. This is one well -- every resident I spoke to | :22:19. | :22:23. | |
promised. Do you sense that the industry has won this? I don't think | :22:24. | :22:27. | |
this is a victory at all, it is a small step for the industry and our | :22:28. | :22:30. | |
country to get ourselves off gas imports. We have a duty now to make | :22:31. | :22:37. | |
sure that all of those promises we made in the planning application are | :22:38. | :22:41. | |
kept to. That the regulations are kept to. I remind you that there has | :22:42. | :22:50. | |
been a well cited there for over 20 years, over 100 wells have been | :22:51. | :22:54. | |
drilled without any complaints or environmental issues. Why would we | :22:55. | :22:59. | |
want to be setting up a new fossil fuel infrastructure when we must | :23:00. | :23:03. | |
stop climate change? I have to stop you, thank you. | :23:04. | :23:04. | |
The people of Aleppo are preparing themselves for a seige. | :23:05. | :23:10. | |
Those living in the middle of town fear it won't be long until supplies | :23:11. | :23:13. | |
Russian's defence ministry believes up to 6,000 insurgent | :23:14. | :23:16. | |
fighters are gathering in preparation of a major offensive | :23:17. | :23:19. | |
The fragile ceasefire brokered between Russia and the US | :23:20. | :23:22. | |
in the last two months has come under renewed threat as terrorist | :23:23. | :23:25. | |
factions like Islamic State and Al Nusra continue | :23:26. | :23:28. | |
Aleppo, once a major stronghold of terrorists, remains | :23:29. | :23:36. | |
a key strategic hot spot of their group focus. | :23:37. | :23:38. | |
Mark Urban asks what happens when your whole way | :23:39. | :23:40. | |
Aleppo is among the world's most ancient and celebrated cities and it | :23:41. | :23:58. | |
has long been Syria's commercial powerhouse. The market and mosques | :23:59. | :24:08. | |
have made it a cultural duel too. Little wonder that it is one of the | :24:09. | :24:12. | |
great prizes of the present civil War. A scene of slaughter that this | :24:13. | :24:21. | |
month has intensified. As government forces sense victory. Assad and the | :24:22. | :24:27. | |
Russian planes... And the plane don't stop from nine | :24:28. | :24:56. | |
o'clock until now. Tenor 15 people died by the plains of Assad -- ten | :24:57. | :25:02. | |
or 15. Not all of the country is a war zone, press TV, and Iranians | :25:03. | :25:08. | |
broadcaster sympathetic to President Assad, has shown life returning to | :25:09. | :25:14. | |
normal, in parts of Aleppo. Residents are trying to restore | :25:15. | :25:18. | |
their lifestyle. This is the scene away from the front lines, where the | :25:19. | :25:22. | |
shifting fortunes of battle has given President Assad's supporters | :25:23. | :25:24. | |
reason to feel confident. In the last few months, | :25:25. | :25:27. | |
Syrian government forces have advanced to the point where they've | :25:28. | :25:29. | |
almost cut off Aleppo city centre. And they are now fighting | :25:30. | :25:33. | |
here and here to sever that tongue of land held by the rebels that goes | :25:34. | :25:36. | |
into the middle of town. Today we spoken to three people | :25:37. | :25:39. | |
who are in the centre of Aleppo. Wissam, a teacher, Bebars, | :25:40. | :25:49. | |
who works for the civil defence network and Ahmed, | :25:50. | :25:51. | |
a city health worker who told us about how the people are now | :25:52. | :25:54. | |
regarding the prospect Maybe Aleppo will be under siege at | :25:55. | :26:16. | |
any time. We have some... Storage of medicines and food, some clean | :26:17. | :26:22. | |
water. As the net tightens, citizens tell us that most of those who want | :26:23. | :26:27. | |
to go have already left. We don't have other options. A lot of people | :26:28. | :26:47. | |
ran away. The place where I lived, there are 4500 people and it used to | :26:48. | :26:50. | |
be more than a million. Among those who remained there is a kind of | :26:51. | :26:53. | |
normality, including children going to school. We have two weeks when | :26:54. | :27:03. | |
there was heavy shelling and we continued to finish exams, and | :27:04. | :27:07. | |
finish school. We are about to finish now. Life goes on. | :27:08. | :27:16. | |
Pro-government forces say they are confronting thousands of terrorists | :27:17. | :27:21. | |
in Aleppo but the fight has brought the truce negotiated in Geneva | :27:22. | :27:24. | |
earlier this year close to collapse and all for a prize that one former | :27:25. | :27:32. | |
peace negotiator says is illusory. If the regime captures Aleppo it is | :27:33. | :27:38. | |
not the end of the war, they adapt themselves. We saw what happened | :27:39. | :27:46. | |
yesterday in other areas, which were considered to be safe, it isn't | :27:47. | :27:53. | |
going to end, not to be cynical or pessimistic. There are other | :27:54. | :27:58. | |
realities on the ground. The current battle will ruin still more lives | :27:59. | :28:02. | |
and level more of Syria's history but it is a struggle that each side | :28:03. | :28:04. | |
is convinced is worth it. With less than a month to go | :28:05. | :28:08. | |
until the country goes to the polls, we've been hearing from people away | :28:09. | :28:12. | |
from the front line of politics. Hillary Alexander, the Telegraph's | :28:13. | :28:17. | |
former fashion editor, explains how she'll be voting | :28:18. | :28:18. | |
in the EU referendum, With the referendum, | :28:19. | :28:20. | |
I've been kind of swaying back and forth in the last few weeks | :28:21. | :28:40. | |
since it really started hotting up. But at the moment, I'm inclined | :28:41. | :28:44. | |
much more towards leave. I suppose in favour of staying, | :28:45. | :28:51. | |
the idea, you know, of a united But only if it's in terms | :28:52. | :28:55. | |
of something like Eurovision. I watch Eurovision and that to me | :28:56. | :29:07. | |
seems a very happy Europe. It's almost hysterical claims | :29:08. | :29:10. | |
about third World War, huge recession, job losses and yet | :29:11. | :29:20. | |
when you look at the latest statistics on exports, | :29:21. | :29:25. | |
less than half of our exports And I can't understand why | :29:26. | :29:28. | |
there couldn't be more development with south-east Asia, | :29:29. | :29:36. | |
South America, America, with I think a lot of the people, | :29:37. | :29:39. | |
especially in government who want to stay in the EU | :29:40. | :29:49. | |
are probably hoping to have a job in Brussels when their career | :29:50. | :29:52. | |
in Parliament finishes so they can I think a lot of figures | :29:53. | :29:57. | |
have been banded around But at the end of the day, | :29:58. | :30:03. | |
I think it very much comes down It's like when you are buying | :30:04. | :30:10. | |
a house, you walk in the door and you will know instantly | :30:11. | :30:14. | |
whether you like it or not. So what do we understand | :30:15. | :30:17. | |
about the way modern One of the possibly the most | :30:18. | :30:28. | |
successful social media campaigns was Barack Obama's | :30:29. | :30:36. | |
presidential election of 2012. If you explained to us, the most | :30:37. | :30:51. | |
important thing to get right in a campaign like that, apart from the | :30:52. | :30:54. | |
candidate, what is it? A campaign is full of many moving parts and the | :30:55. | :30:58. | |
main thing is that it is always about just the candidates. The | :30:59. | :31:02. | |
important thing is making sure that everything else falls in behind. | :31:03. | :31:08. | |
That is why often technology or strategies, they do not appear as | :31:09. | :31:11. | |
quickly as when you look at them. They are a little bit behind. It is | :31:12. | :31:16. | |
always about the candidate. So I guess there is a mundane process, | :31:17. | :31:21. | |
isn't fair? About getting people on the electoral register, getting them | :31:22. | :31:25. | |
out to vote. How hands-on do you have to be in terms of following on? | :31:26. | :31:33. | |
It is relatively anachronistic. It is making phone calls and knocking | :31:34. | :31:38. | |
on doors. And that doesn't go even in the modern Europe? And I love | :31:39. | :31:42. | |
that, because this might be the first time that young people have | :31:43. | :31:45. | |
knocked on a door for a campaign in their life. They are doing it | :31:46. | :31:48. | |
because they really believe. These are the same things that happened in | :31:49. | :31:53. | |
the 80s or the 70s or the 60s. The grassroots has not changed. What has | :31:54. | :31:58. | |
changed is how technology has augmented that and made it more | :31:59. | :32:03. | |
efficient. What do you make of the campaigns that the candidates are | :32:04. | :32:08. | |
running? Barack Obama made that quip in the Washington correspondents | :32:09. | :32:10. | |
dinner about Hillary Clinton on Facebook sounding like your great | :32:11. | :32:14. | |
aunt. It sounds like he does not buy her strategy. I'm not sure if it is | :32:15. | :32:20. | |
so much that her strict Taji -- her strategy is not to be bought as much | :32:21. | :32:24. | |
as there are a lot of things happening in the political world of | :32:25. | :32:27. | |
the US. So no one knows what is going on. And I suppose that is | :32:28. | :32:33. | |
enigmatic. What do you mean by that? Donald Trump recently said that data | :32:34. | :32:38. | |
was not all that, that the stuff we did in 2012 did not matter. I think | :32:39. | :32:42. | |
that is wrong but what you see instead is that the candidates are | :32:43. | :32:45. | |
battling on Facebook and Twitter, they are really interacting. And if | :32:46. | :32:50. | |
you look at Donald Trump's Twitter following, he has got more Twitter | :32:51. | :32:55. | |
followers than the New York Times has readers. Does that mean that he | :32:56. | :32:59. | |
has won his media war without the mainstream press? I don't think he | :33:00. | :33:05. | |
has won it without, I think he has won it with. Donald Trump is a | :33:06. | :33:08. | |
genius at engaging the mainstream media. Part of that is because he | :33:09. | :33:13. | |
does not appear to follow the rules that more rational people are | :33:14. | :33:18. | |
following. And I don't know who does his tweeting, or his posts. Is it | :33:19. | :33:24. | |
him directly or someone on his staff? But they are consistent and | :33:25. | :33:27. | |
they seem genuine. They seem crazy but genuine. I would not be | :33:28. | :33:32. | |
surprised if it was him. And do you think that he can mobilise his vote? | :33:33. | :33:37. | |
This is one of the questions, whether all the people that turn up | :33:38. | :33:40. | |
to the rallies or talk about him are actually signed up to register or if | :33:41. | :33:45. | |
there is going to be a big gap in the grassroots. What we see right | :33:46. | :33:50. | |
now, and this is what we're reading about, is that the voters currently | :33:51. | :33:53. | |
voting for a Donald Trump are voters who maybe have not appeared before. | :33:54. | :33:57. | |
I think if you look at the reason for the rise of Trump, and it is the | :33:58. | :34:01. | |
same as the rise of Bernie Sanders... Or the rise of Obama. I | :34:02. | :34:05. | |
don't think this is the same as Obama because the Trump and Bernie | :34:06. | :34:10. | |
Sanders phenomenon are largely because of a pain in the middle of | :34:11. | :34:14. | |
America, these people whose plan was changed. They do not have jobs and | :34:15. | :34:18. | |
they cannot afford their mortgage. Their children will no longer | :34:19. | :34:22. | |
achieve more wealth than they did or more opportunities. When the | :34:23. | :34:25. | |
opportunity is gone, they are looking for a solution and Donald | :34:26. | :34:28. | |
Trump and Bernie Sanders are offering a solution. More broadly, | :34:29. | :34:33. | |
and we have been talking this evening about the Brexit campaign, | :34:34. | :34:37. | |
when you look at a campaign changing direction or strategy, does that | :34:38. | :34:42. | |
tell you that they are being very savvy, that they are onto it? Can | :34:43. | :34:46. | |
you win a campaign when you have done a sharp turn? Absolutely. | :34:47. | :34:53. | |
Either some polling or some interaction with the people that | :34:54. | :34:56. | |
they are targeting resulted in them finding something, maybe they found, | :34:57. | :35:00. | |
I don't know what the term was that maybe they found that the original | :35:01. | :35:07. | |
target was the soul. Maybe they do not need to interact with them, | :35:08. | :35:12. | |
because they agree already. -- the original target was sold. So, let's | :35:13. | :35:16. | |
go after another demographic. This happens all the time in campaigns | :35:17. | :35:20. | |
were you find you have reached saturation point within a | :35:21. | :35:23. | |
constituency so you move onto another demographic or constituency. | :35:24. | :35:26. | |
Also it could show that maybe they are losing in that demographic. It | :35:27. | :35:31. | |
could be, well, we are not successful year so let's go | :35:32. | :35:34. | |
somewhere more successful. Often the name of the game is resources. If | :35:35. | :35:39. | |
you run out of resources before the election or before the referendum, | :35:40. | :35:43. | |
you have nothing else. Great to have you here. | :35:44. | :35:45. | |
We know that as many as several of you sit through this programme | :35:46. | :35:49. | |
just to see what our Culture Editor has to offer, in his coveted | :35:50. | :35:52. | |
sweeping-the-floor-and-stacking-the- -chairs slot. | :35:53. | :35:54. | |
And tonight he shouldn't disappoint, with previously unseen - | :35:55. | :35:56. | |
indeed, unknown - paintings by one of the greatest artists of the | :35:57. | :35:59. | |
Scores of them have come to light during ten years of research | :36:00. | :36:08. | |
into a complete record, or catalogue raissone, | :36:09. | :36:10. | |
of the painter's work, which can fetch up to ?90 | :36:11. | :36:13. | |
Stephen Smith has been talking to the art world sleuth | :36:14. | :36:16. | |
who found the pictures - and to Francis Bacon's former GP. | :36:17. | :36:33. | |
On a lesser show, if we could imagine it, | :36:34. | :36:40. | |
like "Martin Harrison has been bringing home the Bacon." | :36:41. | :36:43. | |
Over ten long years he has been doggedly tracking down dozens | :36:44. | :36:46. | |
Even in terms of dating, it's the one about which I am | :36:47. | :36:50. | |
It was one of a group of paintings that emerged | :36:51. | :36:54. | |
after Bacon died in a sense, as a fluke. | :36:55. | :36:58. | |
I think he simply forgot about a lot of them. | :36:59. | :37:01. | |
So four years after he died, a room was found that | :37:02. | :37:04. | |
everyone had forgotten about with a lot of paintings in. | :37:05. | :37:10. | |
With the support of the estate of Francis Bacon, Harrison has now | :37:11. | :37:13. | |
produced a complete record of his work. | :37:14. | :37:18. | |
It fills five volumes, weighs half a stone and will | :37:19. | :37:20. | |
It is easy to see why he was so admired in his youth. | :37:21. | :37:27. | |
It was a descendant of his cousins, in their collection. | :37:28. | :37:38. | |
Tell us about the gumshoe element of this. | :37:39. | :37:40. | |
I used to cycle around all the different branch libraries | :37:41. | :37:42. | |
where I was brought up in the 50s, to get any new Sherlock Holmes that | :37:43. | :37:49. | |
At school, I did not know what I wanted to do and I thought | :37:50. | :37:54. | |
of trying to be a detective but in those days you have to do two | :37:55. | :37:58. | |
years on the beat first and I did not want to hit people | :37:59. | :38:01. | |
with truncheons, I wanted to solve cases. | :38:02. | :38:03. | |
So the weirdo youth detective has come in handy here. | :38:04. | :38:05. | |
Last year I pinned down a painting called Two Americans and suddenly | :38:06. | :38:08. | |
It is about a metre wide and there it is, | :38:09. | :38:19. | |
this thing you've known as a fuzzy black and white image | :38:20. | :38:21. | |
looking at the painting and the colour of the flesh. | :38:22. | :38:25. | |
There have been hundreds of moments like that and that's one | :38:26. | :38:28. | |
I feel at home here in this chaos because chaos suggests images to me. | :38:29. | :38:32. | |
Not necessarily, just that I love living, I love living in chaos. | :38:33. | :38:36. | |
In any case, if I go into a new room, in a week's time, the thing | :38:37. | :38:40. | |
As well as losing track of his ouvre, Bacon destroyed | :38:41. | :38:46. | |
paintings he did not like and rarely set down his thoughts, | :38:47. | :38:49. | |
even about such crises as the suicide of his lover, | :38:50. | :38:51. | |
There are one or two bits of diaries with about two lines in them. | :38:52. | :38:59. | |
exactly a year later, which is very interesting, actually. | :39:00. | :39:09. | |
There is very little that is personal. | :39:10. | :39:22. | |
From Charlie Chester's gambling houses, he handed out diaries | :39:23. | :39:24. | |
We ran into Bacon's former GP who was | :39:25. | :39:31. | |
sometimes called to patch up the worse for wear artist. | :39:32. | :39:43. | |
I said, you would have to go and see a plastic surgeon | :39:44. | :39:46. | |
properly and he said no, absolutely not, you stitch it, now. | :39:47. | :39:50. | |
So we laid him on the table in his studio, I | :39:51. | :39:53. | |
I said to him, I used local anaesthetic and he said, | :39:54. | :39:56. | |
no, I don't want to use it and he was so drunk I don't | :39:57. | :40:00. | |
When he was very ill he said, you know, Paul, when I'm dead, | :40:01. | :40:04. | |
my paintings won't be worth anything. | :40:05. | :40:09. | |
And I keep wondering what he would say if he knew what was | :40:10. | :40:13. | |
'Francis Bacon, Six Studies in Soho', featuring previously | :40:14. | :40:23. | |
unseen works, is on show at Lexington Street, London, | :40:24. | :40:26. | |
Bacon's Catalogue Raisonne will then appear online. | :40:27. | :40:34. | |
Happy birthday to Bob Dylan, who's 75 today. | :40:35. | :40:37. | |
# Come gather around people, where ever you call. | :40:38. | :40:49. | |
And admit that the waters around you have grown. | :40:50. | :40:52. | |
# And accept that they will soon be drenched to the bone. | :40:53. | :40:56. | |
# If your time to you is worth saving. | :40:57. | :41:03. | |
# Then you better start swimming or you'll sink like a stone. | :41:04. | :41:18. | |
For the times they are a-changin'.. We have a very different look and | :41:19. | :41:22. | |
feel to the weather on Wednesday. There is a lot more cloud around and | :41:23. | :41:26. | |
as a result, temperatures will be lower than they were | :41:27. | :41:27. |