15/09/2016 Newsnight


15/09/2016

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The deal that seals Britain's nuclear future, finally signed.

:00:00.:00:09.

After delaying a decision on Hinkley Point, Theresa May has

:00:10.:00:11.

I've been in Whitehall finding out who the real winners and losers

:00:12.:00:19.

And, we'll be talking to the man who drew up the plans

:00:20.:00:23.

The view of my committee is that it'll be an act close to insanity

:00:24.:00:28.

on every grounds to do a blanket suspension of British arms

:00:29.:00:31.

Crispin Blunt tells us that if the courts rule that arms sales

:00:32.:00:40.

to Saudi are illegal, then the law needs to be changed.

:00:41.:00:43.

I have to say, it's great to be back on the campaign trail.

:00:44.:00:47.

She's out of her sick bed, but can Hillary Clinton recapture

:00:48.:00:50.

the ground she's lost to Donald Trump?

:00:51.:00:53.

We'll have the first TV interview with the Grime star who beat Bowie

:00:54.:01:11.

Theresa May today pressed the nuclear button and gave

:01:12.:01:27.

the go-ahead to the controversial Hinkley Point power plant.

:01:28.:01:29.

Mischief-makers have pointed out that the ?18 billion deal means

:01:30.:01:31.

that her Government, like her predecessor's,

:01:32.:01:34.

is quite comfortable with the state ownership of utilities -

:01:35.:01:37.

as long as the states are foreign - in this case, France and China.

:01:38.:01:40.

More trenchant criticism has been directed at the project's escalating

:01:41.:01:42.

costs and the security implications of allowing nuclear power plants

:01:43.:01:45.

to be built in the UK by foreign governments.

:01:46.:01:50.

Indeed, it was these concerns that prompted the Prime Minister

:01:51.:01:52.

to delay her decision and revisit the terms of the deal

:01:53.:01:55.

Newsnight's political editor, Nick Watt, is here.

:01:56.:02:02.

Nick, what are the key differences between the new deal

:02:03.:02:04.

Two levels, nothing has changed. The strike price for this deal. The

:02:05.:02:12.

amount we pay for electricity generated by this plant, that stays

:02:13.:02:17.

the same. In the second place, this marks the beginning of Chinese

:02:18.:02:21.

involve am in our civil nuclear infrastructure and they could still

:02:22.:02:25.

be on course to have a complete say over the building of the third plant

:02:26.:02:30.

in this project, Bradwell in Essex. Downing Street is saying that the

:02:31.:02:35.

Theresa May pause has led to two tangible changes. They are, in the

:02:36.:02:40.

first place, after the Hinkley plant has been built, the UK Government

:02:41.:02:45.

will take what is called a "special share" in all future civil nuclear

:02:46.:02:49.

plants. You will hear in a minute from Sir Ed Davey the former Lib Dem

:02:50.:02:53.

Energy and Climate Change Secretary. He tried to push for something along

:02:54.:02:57.

those lines, George Osborne said no, didn't want to offend the Chinese.

:02:58.:03:01.

The second difference Downing Street points to is a rigorous assessment

:03:02.:03:08.

of what is called "the ownership of critical it infrastructure" that

:03:09.:03:10.

Bradwell plant in the future. That will be a victory for the Prime

:03:11.:03:18.

Minister's joint Chief of Staff Nick Timothy who raised the issue of

:03:19.:03:23.

security of Chinese involve am. Friends of George Osborne are saying

:03:24.:03:27.

absolutely nothing has changed. It's interesting. I have been hearing

:03:28.:03:31.

from senior Whitehall officials they say it's a bit of a set back for

:03:32.:03:36.

Nick Timothy. They say it's difficult how you can reconcile this

:03:37.:03:39.

deal, even as amended with an article that he wrote for the

:03:40.:03:43.

ConservativeHome website last year on the eve of that state visit by Xi

:03:44.:03:51.

Jinping. He wrote, "security experts reportedly inside as well as outside

:03:52.:03:55.

Government are worried that the Chinese could use their role to

:03:56.:03:59.

build weaknesses into computer systems which will allow them to

:04:00.:04:04.

shutdown Britain's energy production at will." There is another feeling

:04:05.:04:07.

in Whitehall. There is a little feeling of guilt that perhaps it was

:04:08.:04:11.

a bit unfair of them to expect Theresa May to become Prime Minister

:04:12.:04:17.

and almost immediately sign up to such a massive project and they are

:04:18.:04:22.

saying, fair enough, that she had to have a pause and have some ownership

:04:23.:04:25.

of it. Many thanks, indeed. Of course, it's not all

:04:26.:04:30.

about politics and security. Many of us will be at least

:04:31.:04:33.

as interested in what it all means Newsnight's Adam Parsons has been

:04:34.:04:36.

looking at the numbers. Here's Hinkley Point a bird spotting

:04:37.:04:44.

haven in Somerset that is the focus of our nation's energy policy. Two

:04:45.:04:49.

nuclear power stations have already been built here, Hinkley Point A,

:04:50.:04:54.

shut in 1999, while B is still up and running. Next door comes the

:04:55.:05:00.

expensive, if unimaginatively named, Hinkley Point C. It's actually going

:05:01.:05:07.

to be two reactors put together costing ?18 billion of French and

:05:08.:05:10.

Chinese money. The biggest contribution of all might yet come

:05:11.:05:14.

from us. The UK's electricity consumers. Here's why. When

:05:15.:05:20.

electricity is sold by power stations they use a measure called a

:05:21.:05:26.

megawatt hour. The electricity you needed to power 3,300 homes for a

:05:27.:05:31.

single hour. Hinkley is guaranteed to be paid ?92. ?92.auto 50 for each

:05:32.:05:38.

megawatt hour it generates. That assured earning figure is called -

:05:39.:05:43.

the strike price. Created after length bey negotiation between EDF

:05:44.:05:46.

and the Government. It's crucial. It's what EDF wanted to provide the

:05:47.:05:49.

certainty that its investment really was worthwhile. It's also how we can

:05:50.:05:55.

analyse just what sort of value we're getting here. What's important

:05:56.:06:00.

to remember is the strike price was created in 2012. It goes up with

:06:01.:06:04.

inflation. So if I could click my fingers and have Hinkley open right

:06:05.:06:09.

now, the price of a megawatt hour would already have gone up to more

:06:10.:06:13.

than ?95. It will keep going up in line with inflation for 35 years

:06:14.:06:17.

after the station opens for business. Let us imagine that

:06:18.:06:24.

Hinkley Point C does open, on time, in 2025, when inflation might have

:06:25.:06:30.

seen the price hit ?110. In 2060 we will be paying ?95 along with

:06:31.:06:34.

four-and-a-half decades worth of inflation. So what does this deal

:06:35.:06:39.

really mean? I'm not going to predict the state of the energy

:06:40.:06:42.

market in 44 years' time. You can see that over the past six years the

:06:43.:06:47.

price of electricity has never got near the Hinkley Point point. It's

:06:48.:06:52.

presently less than half the now famous strike price. What happens

:06:53.:06:56.

when the price of electricity is a lot lower than the money we've all

:06:57.:07:00.

promised EDF? That is where we come in, consumers. We are going to have

:07:01.:07:05.

to pay more to cover that gap. How much? Well, when Hinkley was planned

:07:06.:07:10.

it was reckoned to be a subsidy of ?6 billion. About ?10 per household

:07:11.:07:16.

per year. That figure has mushroomed. The National Audit

:07:17.:07:20.

Office thinks UK businesses and households will have to find ?30

:07:21.:07:25.

billion to plug the gap. One-and-a-half times of cost of

:07:26.:07:28.

building Hinkley in the first place. Why do it? One simple reason is that

:07:29.:07:33.

we need new power stations. Coal ones are being phased out. Others

:07:34.:07:37.

are simply getting old. What are the benefits? 60% of the money that is

:07:38.:07:40.

being spent on construction is expected to go to British companies.

:07:41.:07:46.

Future cash object tariffs imposed on coal and gas power stations might

:07:47.:07:51.

put prices up dramatically. It might be that Hinkley one day looks rather

:07:52.:07:54.

good value-for-money. Here with me now is Sir Ed Davey

:07:55.:07:57.

who negotiated the Hinkley deal in the first place

:07:58.:08:00.

when he was Climate Change Secretary It looks as if the French sent you a

:08:01.:08:09.

wish list and you and George Osborne granted them all? Not at all. The

:08:10.:08:12.

French didn't get what they wanted at all. They wanted a much higher

:08:13.:08:16.

price. George Osborne was prepared to sign a deal at a higher price. I

:08:17.:08:24.

said, absolutely no way. We had to get if Sizewell C goes ahead it will

:08:25.:08:29.

be sub 90. I think because we will need a lot of electricity when our

:08:30.:08:37.

coal power stations shut. We will need a lot of low-carbon electricity

:08:38.:08:41.

because of climate change this has to be part of the answer. Along with

:08:42.:08:46.

all the renewables. I'm proud that with the Liberal Democrats in the

:08:47.:08:50.

last Coalition Government we had a massive expansion of wind and solar

:08:51.:08:56.

a and I put on the agenda tidal lagoons as well. Moving into

:08:57.:09:01.

reverse? I think the Conservatives are making a hugeror. Error. They

:09:02.:09:10.

are putting the nations eggs in the nuclear and gas basket. They have

:09:11.:09:16.

undermined investment energy efficiency and closed down carbon

:09:17.:09:20.

capture storage. They are betting the nation on gas and nuclear. That

:09:21.:09:26.

is irresponsible. Yet, of course, Germany is pressing forward into an

:09:27.:09:30.

energy future completely devoid of nuclear. I appreciate you don't hold

:09:31.:09:34.

a brief for the German company. How come they can do it and we can't?

:09:35.:09:37.

They are burning a lot more coal because they have made a huge mess.

:09:38.:09:41.

Most energy analysts would think the German model is not one to follow.

:09:42.:09:45.

They've investeded in renewables, which is good, they have paid a much

:09:46.:09:50.

higher price for their renewables than they we have. By taking a

:09:51.:09:58.

low-carbon climate friendly nuclear out they are burning dirty coal.

:09:59.:10:01.

That is not a good result for the environment. Speaking of paying a

:10:02.:10:06.

higher price than perhaps consumer or indeed a country has to. Take a

:10:07.:10:10.

look at this graph we have prepared for ease of understanding. That's

:10:11.:10:14.

sort of, as you can see, clearly where the price per unit stands now.

:10:15.:10:19.

That is the price per unit that we will be getting out of Hinkley.

:10:20.:10:23.

Well, you don't need me to tell you there is a fairly big imbalance

:10:24.:10:27.

between the two? The current electricity is provided by gas and

:10:28.:10:32.

coal. They don't pay their pollution costs. They don't pay a carbon

:10:33.:10:36.

price. If you added the carbon price on to that you would see them level

:10:37.:10:40.

up. What I negotiated in the Hinkley price, which is not well-known, but

:10:41.:10:45.

it's very important, is that the costs of nuclear decommissioning,

:10:46.:10:48.

the costs of dealing with the pollution of nuclear, if you like,

:10:49.:10:51.

the nuclear west management costs, they are in the price. You are

:10:52.:10:57.

comparing apples with pears there. Electricity with electricity albeit

:10:58.:10:59.

although different types. Let me explain. You haven't got the point.

:11:00.:11:04.

That includes electricity plus the waste management costs the pollution

:11:05.:11:08.

costs. That doesn't. You have apples and pears. No, it's right. The price

:11:09.:11:12.

to the consumer. It doesn't deal with the cost of dealing with

:11:13.:11:17.

climate change. It's the cheque we write or the direct debit we sign to

:11:18.:11:22.

our electricity people. You are misleading people. You have to deal

:11:23.:11:25.

with price, you have to deal with keeping the lights on. Which clearly

:11:26.:11:29.

Hinkley does. You also have to deal with cleaning up our energy. We have

:11:30.:11:33.

to tackle climate change. So when you look at energy policy you have

:11:34.:11:37.

to do all three. You are looking at one there. That is why you are

:11:38.:11:42.

misleading people. We are not misleading people we are telling

:11:43.:11:45.

them what they will be paying for their electricity than what they are

:11:46.:11:50.

down-the-line. I fully understand the point you are making. The

:11:51.:11:55.

question is why the National Audit Office estimates ?30 billion worth

:11:56.:12:01.

of, they use the word "subsidy" to could be a sweetener coming from the

:12:02.:12:07.

consumer to EDF effectively to the French state, to the French

:12:08.:12:11.

government, 85% owned by the French? One of the reasons why EDF took such

:12:12.:12:15.

a long time to director this and the director of finance resigned from

:12:16.:12:19.

the board, I don't think everyone in France think it is's a good deal for

:12:20.:12:23.

the French. Why might that be? Again in the price I ensured that the UK

:12:24.:12:29.

consumer pays nothing, nothing, unless and until the power station

:12:30.:12:34.

generates. It's supposed to be 2025, it could be later. How much later? I

:12:35.:12:38.

don't know. Of course I don't know yet. Roughly an idea of when it will

:12:39.:12:42.

be up and running? I don't know. You signed the deal? Listen you don't

:12:43.:12:46.

know about nuclear plants. The reason why I'm telling you this

:12:47.:12:49.

important point. If it's overrun, we don't bear the cost. The French bear

:12:50.:12:55.

the cost. If there are overruns, delays the UK consumer is completely

:12:56.:12:59.

protected. That has never happened in a nuclear deal before. There is a

:13:00.:13:04.

possibility that this thing never gets built, right. In what

:13:05.:13:07.

circumstances would that happen? At the moment, this worried me when I

:13:08.:13:13.

was Secretary of State. The EPR hasn't been built in Finland or

:13:14.:13:19.

Paris or hasn't been built in China. I was worried if it doesn't get

:13:20.:13:25.

built we might be laboured and burden with the cost. The deal makes

:13:26.:13:29.

sure the French will have to take up the cost if they don't build it.

:13:30.:13:33.

Unglittering track record, why would you sign up to be the latest

:13:34.:13:36.

customer? We are not bearing the risk. The thing that we had - There

:13:37.:13:41.

is a risk our capacity won't increase if the plant isn't built. I

:13:42.:13:45.

appreciate that might not incur financial costs you have described a

:13:46.:13:49.

system - I was coming back to that. You don't know the question. The

:13:50.:13:54.

ones you cited are behind schedule or might not happen.

:13:55.:13:58.

You went to a shop that failed to satisfy a single customer and

:13:59.:14:02.

handled them the largest of all deals. The largest man made

:14:03.:14:06.

structure on the planet some estimate. I was going to answer a

:14:07.:14:11.

question. You are right if it doesn't make sure if it isn't built

:14:12.:14:15.

the costs are born by the French not the British. Which we have done. We

:14:16.:14:20.

had to make sure we had enough alternative power if it doesn't get

:14:21.:14:26.

built. Hold on. I was arguing we need carbon capture storage, on

:14:27.:14:30.

shore wind, solar, tidal lagoon and other options as a mixed diverse

:14:31.:14:34.

approach and why the Tories are making such a drastic mistake

:14:35.:14:37.

because they have cancelled effectively onshore wind. They have

:14:38.:14:41.

cancelled CCS. They are taking all these options off the table. I

:14:42.:14:45.

ensured they were there to protect the country's interests You signed a

:14:46.:14:49.

long-term. Deal for a nuclear plant that we didn't necessarily need and

:14:50.:14:52.

the Tories back-tracking on environmental policy means we really

:14:53.:14:55.

needed it now and we might not get it? We do need it. Is that an

:14:56.:15:01.

accurate analysis? No. I signed a deal for nuclear powerer we don't

:15:02.:15:06.

need. You said we you could cover the capacity with the other things

:15:07.:15:10.

you introduced? If you are dealing with the big issues of how we power

:15:11.:15:15.

our homes and factories you don't put all your eggs in one basket. Do

:15:16.:15:19.

you? Would you be that irresponsible? No, I wasn't. I

:15:20.:15:22.

ensured both to deal with climate change. We had low-carbon sources

:15:23.:15:28.

and lots of options. That is the sensible cautious thing to do to

:15:29.:15:31.

make sure you protect Britain. The Tories are playing fast and loose

:15:32.:15:35.

because they have taken low-carbon renewables off the table and they

:15:36.:15:39.

are putting all their eggs in this basket. While this deal in itself

:15:40.:15:44.

may be a good thing. They are actually, overall energy policy is a

:15:45.:15:50.

disaster. By the time the ramifications are clear nobody

:15:51.:15:54.

responsible for the deal will be in office just like you aren't at the

:15:55.:15:55.

moment. Thank you very much indeed. Joining me now is Axelle Lemaire,

:15:56.:15:59.

the French Minister of State for She's in town for to drum up

:16:00.:16:01.

bilateral business, especially We'll get on to that momentarily,

:16:02.:16:05.

but I wonder whether you could give us a quick insight into how

:16:06.:16:09.

the French people - and particularly the unions -

:16:10.:16:12.

feel about ?12 billion of French money being spent on a nuclear

:16:13.:16:14.

power plant in Britain? I've tried to fight the answer to

:16:15.:16:26.

that question. I was in London today and I couldn't find the answer

:16:27.:16:29.

because I have not heard anything from the unions. I think that deal

:16:30.:16:34.

is good news for the people who want work and it also gives a long-term

:16:35.:16:40.

prospect for the bilateral cooperation between the countries

:16:41.:16:43.

and I believe that is exacting what we need at the moment. Even when you

:16:44.:16:48.

have heard our former Secretary of State think France is children all

:16:49.:16:51.

of the risk. What I find interesting, when I come here I hear

:16:52.:16:57.

that it is a bad deal for the French. When I go to France, I hit

:16:58.:17:02.

it is a bad deal for the British so I sent it is a fair deal for all. It

:17:03.:17:08.

is more environmentally friendly and it gives clean energy. In France,

:17:09.:17:15.

energy is cheaper as well so I don't know about your price prospect but

:17:16.:17:18.

what I can say is that it is important to have a diversity of

:17:19.:17:24.

energy sources and we have to get ready for long-term prospects. So

:17:25.:17:30.

everyone is a winner. Shall we move on to what you encountered in

:17:31.:17:33.

London, I presume for the first time post Brexit as a minister for

:17:34.:17:38.

responsible T4 entrepreneurial activity, have you detect a change

:17:39.:17:43.

in tone in entrepreneurs and in the city in particular league? I met

:17:44.:17:49.

different people, individuals are worried but there is this strange

:17:50.:17:55.

feeling of, is there a Brexit or is there not a Brexit? It seems from

:17:56.:18:00.

the outside that life goes on. I thought to myself, what is

:18:01.:18:05.

happening. But when you really ask questions, what business people tell

:18:06.:18:09.

you is that in the longer term, the current uncertainty will block their

:18:10.:18:16.

decisions. For example, should they invest in new equipment? Should they

:18:17.:18:21.

hire new people or not? How easy will it be to employ people coming

:18:22.:18:26.

from abroad? It is very important in the sector to be dependent on

:18:27.:18:32.

skilled people. There are a lot of questions... You can't answer them

:18:33.:18:38.

until Article 50 is triggered. Does the French government have a

:18:39.:18:43.

position on when they want to see it triggered? It is not for us to have

:18:44.:18:46.

a position also the sooner the better. I know where you will take

:18:47.:18:54.

me, that I sound tough, it is not a question of sounding tough, but I

:18:55.:18:59.

read that the French are tough and the Germans are soft but because

:19:00.:19:04.

what is in the interests of Britain of the British people, of France and

:19:05.:19:08.

Europe. I think uncertainty is not good for anyone also if you look at

:19:09.:19:13.

the economic figures of the British economy of this summer, it seems

:19:14.:19:18.

pretty good, you might think low pound, good exports, many tourists,

:19:19.:19:25.

no problem. In the longer term, no investment? Less margins for

:19:26.:19:29.

companies, less capacity to invest. I think the longer we wait, the

:19:30.:19:35.

harder the consequences can be also that is really why we want that

:19:36.:19:41.

article 50 to be triggered. The noises from the Treasury suggest

:19:42.:19:46.

early next year, some critics, Herman Van Rompuy had said not until

:19:47.:19:49.

the German election is out of the way. Ideal scenario? Tomorrow,

:19:50.:19:55.

Christmas, New Year's Eve? I feel you are asking me to answer a

:19:56.:20:01.

question but I don't exacting know what the question is because it is

:20:02.:20:05.

what is the deal in the negotiations. When will be triggered

:20:06.:20:09.

be pulled? That is not for me to answer. What would suit York Leon

:20:10.:20:18.

Taylor best? -- your Klingon tell -- clientele. What I observe that the

:20:19.:20:24.

British government wants and needs time and this can be understood. But

:20:25.:20:31.

it is not good to wait for too long. But my real concern, I feel the real

:20:32.:20:39.

political question has not been addressed between freedom of

:20:40.:20:44.

movement of people, and access to the single market. This real

:20:45.:20:52.

question has not been addressed. As long as the British government will

:20:53.:20:55.

not have the question, we will not be in a position to negotiate. Any

:20:56.:20:56.

thanks. -- many thanks. Now a story we have covered

:20:57.:21:01.

a lot on this programme. Select committee reports

:21:02.:21:03.

on the legality of UK arms sales to Saudi Arabia are looking a lot

:21:04.:21:06.

like buses tonight. You wait ages for one then

:21:07.:21:08.

two come along at once. Confusingly, the first -

:21:09.:21:11.

a joint effort by the Business and International Development Committees

:21:12.:21:15.

- deemed it "inevitable that any violations of international

:21:16.:21:17.

humanitarian and human rights law by the Saudi-led coalition in Yemen

:21:18.:21:21.

have involved arms Some expected this to trigger

:21:22.:21:23.

a demand for all such But the Foreign Affairs Select

:21:24.:21:30.

Committee today published a rival report insisting that the legality

:21:31.:21:36.

of arms sales to Saudi should be The chair of that committee,

:21:37.:21:39.

Crispin Blunt, has been speaking to Newsnight's foreign

:21:40.:21:44.

correspondent, Gabriel Gatehouse, with some frankly remarkable results

:21:45.:21:47.

but before we hear about them, I thought it would be helpful

:21:48.:21:50.

to pick Gabriel's brains about how this strange select committee

:21:51.:21:54.

stalemate came to pass. Some background on this, the Saudi

:21:55.:22:08.

led coalition's action over Yemen started last March after who the

:22:09.:22:11.

rebels, took over half the country will stop the action is backed by

:22:12.:22:17.

the UN Security Council so it is legal under international law. Both

:22:18.:22:19.

sides have been accused of committing your -- war crimes with

:22:20.:22:24.

the UN can add with figures that 60% of civilian casualties have been

:22:25.:22:28.

caused by the air strikes by the Saudi led coalition. This programme

:22:29.:22:32.

and others have reported instances of attacks on civilian

:22:33.:22:35.

infrastructure, factories and schools and the like. Where Britain

:22:36.:22:39.

comes into this is that we note that Britain itself a lot of weapons to

:22:40.:22:43.

Saudi Arabia, a 30 fold increase in our sales of weapons in the first

:22:44.:22:47.

year of that war compared to the same period in the previous year.

:22:48.:22:52.

Earlier this year, four select committees came together to look at

:22:53.:22:56.

the question of if our arms sales to Saudi Arabia are still legal. This

:22:57.:23:02.

was made up of MPs from Ball committees, foreign affairs,

:23:03.:23:05.

defence, international development and business -- four committees.

:23:06.:23:09.

Last week we got a leaked draft report with some strong language

:23:10.:23:13.

which said there was credible evidence of violations of human

:23:14.:23:16.

rights and it called for a suspension of sales. Within got the

:23:17.:23:21.

leaked tabled amendments, many written by Crispin Blunt, which

:23:22.:23:24.

appeared to get rid a lot of that language, crucially the call for the

:23:25.:23:29.

suspension of arms sales. There was to and disagreement amongst MPs and

:23:30.:23:33.

Crispin Blunt led a war cabinet of some saying that the committee could

:23:34.:23:38.

not come to an agreement. What happened was an most unprecedented

:23:39.:23:42.

situation to of these two rival reports, the one from business and

:23:43.:23:46.

international development calling for a suspension. Both of them

:23:47.:23:49.

calling for an international investigation but crucially, Crispin

:23:50.:23:54.

Blunt's did not call for that suspension. We have had a lot of

:23:55.:23:59.

talk about process but I wanted to talk about substance so I went to

:24:00.:24:03.

seek Crispin Blunt in his constituency this afternoon and here

:24:04.:24:04.

is some of our conversation. What's at stake here are two things

:24:05.:24:08.

- the rule of law and what's And under the rule of law,

:24:09.:24:11.

there has been an illegal armed It's very important for people

:24:12.:24:15.

to understand the context... The Saudi intervention is backed

:24:16.:24:24.

by the United Nations so therefore But they are also obliged to abide

:24:25.:24:26.

by international law. They are obliged by international

:24:27.:24:30.

humanitarian law. Your colleagues say there has been

:24:31.:24:34.

very credible evidence of violations The issue is about whether there has

:24:35.:24:39.

been an actual breach of international humanitarian law

:24:40.:24:47.

that would then bring a responsibility on the British

:24:48.:24:49.

government to act I don't believe this part of the law

:24:50.:24:51.

has been tested in this way before. Obviously the proper place for that

:24:52.:24:59.

to happen is the courts and that's what the Foreign Affairs

:25:00.:25:02.

Committee are saying. Your colleagues in the other

:25:03.:25:06.

committee say that, while we wait for the courts to decide that,

:25:07.:25:09.

we should suspend arms sales to Saudi Arabia in case arms

:25:10.:25:12.

that we sell them are being used That has completely

:25:13.:25:15.

disappeared from your report. It has because the view

:25:16.:25:20.

of my committee is that it would be an act close to insanity on every

:25:21.:25:24.

ground to do a blanket suspension of British arms

:25:25.:25:28.

exports to Saudi Arabia. The kind of bombs we know,

:25:29.:25:30.

the kind of bombs sold by Britain to Saudi Arabia which we

:25:31.:25:38.

know have been dropped And the implications of that, some

:25:39.:25:40.

of those are laser-guided bombs, giving the Saudis the capability

:25:41.:25:45.

through a proper targeting process to actually hit

:25:46.:25:47.

what they are intending to hit. And if we stopped supplying those

:25:48.:25:52.

weapons, they then may have to turn to less guided weapons,

:25:53.:25:57.

the kinds the Russians have been using in Syria for example

:25:58.:25:59.

where the accusation... If we are contravening our own laws

:26:00.:26:02.

by selling weapons to Saudi Arabia that are being used in contravention

:26:03.:26:12.

of international humanitarian law, and the test is very low,

:26:13.:26:14.

if there is a clear risk that these weapons might,

:26:15.:26:17.

might be used in contravention of international humanitarian law,

:26:18.:26:19.

then we must stop doing it. Then we are going to have to see how

:26:20.:26:22.

the judges interpret that. The practical consequences

:26:23.:26:26.

of that are actually It would mean our relationship

:26:27.:26:28.

with the Saudis and the influence we have over them about the joint

:26:29.:26:35.

interests we have is that they are rigorous in making sure

:26:36.:26:39.

there are no breaches That they put their Armed Forces

:26:40.:26:41.

under the same kind We clearly don't have that influence

:26:42.:26:45.

because look at all these The context this has got to be in,

:26:46.:26:49.

and this is exactly why the Foreign Affairs Committee has

:26:50.:26:53.

probably come to a different conclusion to the others,

:26:54.:26:56.

is that this is actually about our wider relationship

:26:57.:26:58.

with Saudi Arabia as well as the more narrow relationship

:26:59.:27:00.

about the Saudis moving to our standards in terms

:27:01.:27:02.

of conducting a military campaign. But our relationship

:27:03.:27:05.

with Saudi Arabia is irrelevant Then surely we have

:27:06.:27:07.

to change the law? Do you think we should

:27:08.:27:12.

change the law? That is in the Foreign Affairs

:27:13.:27:14.

Committee report. If it turned out that the courts

:27:15.:27:18.

decided we were in breach of our law, we would have to,

:27:19.:27:21.

we should then look So we should soften our stance

:27:22.:27:23.

on the criteria under I think some people may look

:27:24.:27:27.

at all of this evidence that has accumulated over 18 months

:27:28.:27:36.

of what has been going on in Yemen and conclude that either

:27:37.:27:40.

you are naive, gullible, They might think that

:27:41.:27:41.

you were naive And the people who come

:27:42.:27:49.

to the other conclusion. Because there is a war

:27:50.:27:54.

going on in the Yemen. This is about international legal

:27:55.:27:59.

authority trying to suppress And the illegal armed rebellion has

:28:00.:28:01.

to be addressed otherwise it is the law of the jungle

:28:02.:28:11.

and the people in the Yemen are then victims of whichever

:28:12.:28:15.

militia, armed group, can impose their will

:28:16.:28:17.

on those people. Time now for our weekly glance

:28:18.:28:19.

across the Atlantic and another valiant attempt to identify the most

:28:20.:28:29.

crucial developments of the last week in America's escalating

:28:30.:28:32.

presidential election. According to the polls,

:28:33.:28:35.

the battle between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump is getting closer

:28:36.:28:39.

by the day while both candidates apparently remain

:28:40.:28:41.

committed to the tactics of attacking their opponent's

:28:42.:28:44.

weaknesses in preference, perhaps, Steve Hilton, CEO of Crowdpac,

:28:45.:28:47.

a political crowd-funding and data site, and David Cameron's former

:28:48.:28:58.

adviser now based in America, joins us from San Francisco,

:28:59.:29:02.

and the Pulitzer Prize winning journalist Mary Jordan,

:29:03.:29:05.

who's covering the contest for the Washington Post,

:29:06.:29:06.

is in Washington DC. Thank you both for joining us.

:29:07.:29:37.

Steve, highlights, low lights, somewhere in the middle, what have

:29:38.:29:41.

you chosen for us tonight? There is a lot to talk about but the one I

:29:42.:29:45.

particularly wanted to start with was something Hillary Clinton said

:29:46.:29:50.

last Friday, the date she was diagnosed with pneumonia, I'm not

:29:51.:29:52.

sure if that had anything to do with it. She had allegedly said this in

:29:53.:29:58.

private fundraisers all summer but in public at a glitzy fundraiser in

:29:59.:30:03.

New York with the entertainment provided by none other than Barbara

:30:04.:30:06.

Streisand, she told us exactly what she thinks not just of Trump butt of

:30:07.:30:10.

his supporters and I think we have that clip.

:30:11.:30:11.

You can put half of Trump's supporters into what

:30:12.:30:13.

I call the basket of deplorables.

:30:14.:30:17.

Racist, sexist, homophobic, xenophobic,

:30:18.:30:26.

The basket of deplorable is. Is it a good or bad move? I think it is

:30:27.:30:43.

honestly a really big mistake. Aside trying to say that this is good for

:30:44.:30:47.

her campaign because it put into the conversation some of the more

:30:48.:30:51.

off-putting element of Donald Trump's rhetoric but in truth what

:30:52.:30:57.

it does is surely true voice of what has become a very arrogant ruling

:30:58.:31:00.

elite and it's not just the Democrats. You hear this talk from

:31:01.:31:05.

the Republican establishment who also hate Trump almost as much as

:31:06.:31:10.

Clinton does. They are showing that this election is dividing up in more

:31:11.:31:13.

interesting ways than we have seen up till now where you have working

:31:14.:31:16.

people who feel that whoever they voted for the last few decades,

:31:17.:31:21.

nothing has got better in their lives. And the elite has been in

:31:22.:31:26.

charge. We have seen as borne out by the data this week, new income

:31:27.:31:30.

figures published show that 50% of all Americans earn less today than

:31:31.:31:35.

in 1999 and in fact the bottom 10% earn less today than in the 1980s

:31:36.:31:39.

and I think that is really driving this enormous sense of anger and

:31:40.:31:44.

resentment at the ruling elite which she then insulted. And yet she does

:31:45.:31:49.

speak some truth, Donald Trump suddenly leaves himself open to

:31:50.:31:54.

accusations of xenophobia and his core support Jim to the rafters and

:31:55.:31:56.

he has attracted support from the likes of former grand Wizard of the

:31:57.:32:02.

KKK -- support him. What she is speaking the truth or making a

:32:03.:32:04.

mistake or something subtler than that?

:32:05.:32:07.

Most definitely it was a huge mistake. Trump made an ad out of

:32:08.:32:17.

that. People had it on their T-shirt "the deplorables" this is clearly a

:32:18.:32:20.

huge mistake. She broke the rule in politics. It's OK. In fact you're

:32:21.:32:28.

supposed to condemn racism and homophobia, but you don't condemn

:32:29.:32:31.

the voters that you need in order to win. In this case half of them. We

:32:32.:32:35.

are short of time tonight. I apologise. Mary, tell us what it is

:32:36.:32:41.

you have chosen to focus on from this week's electioneering? It's

:32:42.:32:44.

been a stealar week for Donald Trump. As you said he is pulling in

:32:45.:32:48.

the polls. Why don't we go to the clip today where he was capitalising

:32:49.:32:52.

on the fact that Hillary Clinton has been out with pneumonia. Where he

:32:53.:33:00.

used a TV doctor to tell all of the country that he is superbly fit. So

:33:01.:33:06.

theatrical and, in some ways, ridiculous.

:33:07.:33:08.

If your health is as strong as it seems,

:33:09.:33:11.

Well, I have really no problem in doing it.

:33:12.:33:15.

One is the report and the other is from Lenox Hill Hospital.

:33:16.:33:27.

He's turning it into a game show, Mary Jordan. Is he winning it? Well,

:33:28.:33:36.

he may be winning it. He is a reality TV star, right? He shows the

:33:37.:33:41.

country over and over again how masterful he is at using TV. He went

:33:42.:33:48.

on TV and got an hour of it today to tell the country that his

:33:49.:33:52.

testosterone, get this, is really high. He has so much stamina. He can

:33:53.:33:58.

hit a golf ball better now at the age age of 70 than when he was 30.

:33:59.:34:02.

He got a huge amount of air time out of this. I think he's a winner. It

:34:03.:34:09.

doesn't matter for a lot of voters that this doctor, Dr Oz has been

:34:10.:34:14.

condemned by people in the Congress, British medical journals, he's

:34:15.:34:18.

baseless. He is the guy for instance you should take coffee bean pills to

:34:19.:34:21.

lose weight. It doesn't matter. He got a lot of air time. I think it

:34:22.:34:26.

would help him. He is fully qualified. Is it another chapter in

:34:27.:34:33.

post-truth politics. I think it is. It's beyond parody. To be serious

:34:34.:34:39.

for a second the real health story was Hillary Clinton's actually

:34:40.:34:41.

health episode, as it has been described. It will have an effect on

:34:42.:34:46.

perceptions among the undecided voters about whether they want to

:34:47.:34:51.

take a risk on her versus Donald Trump who does, through this

:34:52.:34:56.

projects an awe are of strength whatever you think of him. Many

:34:57.:35:01.

thanks indeed for your time tonight. Speaking of winners.

:35:02.:35:07.

Just before we came on air tonight, the winner of this year's

:35:08.:35:10.

prestigious Mercury Music Prize was announced.

:35:11.:35:11.

It wasn't, as some predicted, the late, great David Bowie,

:35:12.:35:13.

He won the ?25,000 prize for his album Konnichiwa.

:35:14.:35:28.

Stephen Smith sent us this dispatch from the ceremony a little earlier.

:35:29.:35:33.

It came down to a contest between two black stars. We as a jury

:35:34.:35:54.

decided that if David Bowie was looking down on the Hammersmith

:35:55.:35:58.

Apollo tonight... APPLAUSE And, let's face, maybe he

:35:59.:36:03.

is. We've seen traces of his influence in many of the bands

:36:04.:36:08.

you've seen perform here tonight. If he was looking down at the

:36:09.:36:17.

Hammersmith Apollo tonight, he would want the 2016 Mercury Prize to go to

:36:18.:36:29.

Skepta. CHEERING AND APPLAUSE

:36:30.:36:32.

# That's not me # That's not me...

:36:33.:36:40.

# Yeah, I used to wear Gucci # That's not me

:36:41.:36:44.

# True I used to look like you... # Hello, Skepta. Newsnight, home of

:36:45.:36:48.

grime. How do you feel? We are not supposed to ask that question. How

:36:49.:36:53.

do you feel? Um... You looked overwhelmed in there? Yeah. I don't

:36:54.:36:57.

know. Have you ever dreamed of something happening all your life

:36:58.:37:00.

and it happened. It doesn't happen, but for you it did? Umm. It's like.

:37:01.:37:06.

I don't know... It's really reassuring to me to follow my mind

:37:07.:37:12.

and follow what I think. That got me to this point. It's reassuring. I'm

:37:13.:37:19.

happy for my team. So many people behind this guy that helped,

:37:20.:37:28.

Konnichiwa the album. We get to celebrate tonight. Did you hear what

:37:29.:37:34.

Jarvis said about David Bowie. What did you make of his remarks there?

:37:35.:37:41.

Definitely. I understand, as an artist when you are trying to work

:37:42.:37:45.

and putting something out. Getting to the point... Me, personally, I

:37:46.:37:49.

would have been happy to release an album just before I passed. I hope

:37:50.:37:54.

he feels fulfilled and I hope he's happy. Every artist should just

:37:55.:37:58.

strive to be putting out the best work they can because anything can

:37:59.:38:02.

happen. You can go any time, which is the reason I said rest in peace

:38:03.:38:07.

to David Bowie. Rest in peace to Amy Winehouse. I feel I'm representing

:38:08.:38:12.

London in the same way. Yeah, I hope that, yeah, I hope that he's happy

:38:13.:38:16.

man. What about the status of grime though? It's not always had a great

:38:17.:38:21.

press, some people perhaps misunderstand it. So what does this

:38:22.:38:25.

win do for the June are, do you think? We were young. We were young.

:38:26.:38:33.

Like, I think that people... Like, older people need to stop separating

:38:34.:38:36.

themselves from young mind or thinking one day they weren't crazy

:38:37.:38:39.

as well. It's all about understanding. We were young. People

:38:40.:38:43.

didn't want to understand us. We were expressing ourselves. They

:38:44.:38:46.

should have embraced it. It should have happened a long time ago. They

:38:47.:38:51.

didn't. It took me to grow older, realise my value and know my worth

:38:52.:38:55.

and I can carry myself the way I need to and spread therd word of the

:38:56.:39:02.

London streets in a nice manner. What about your mum busting some

:39:03.:39:03.

moves up there? Yeah, yeah! APPLAUS

:39:04.:39:14.

Shouts out to my mum. I love you. You are the reason for this. It

:39:15.:39:18.

sounds a cliche. I wouldn't be here without you. Thank you very much mum

:39:19.:39:26.

you can dance as much as you like. A little word for Newsnight.

:39:27.:39:30.

Newsnight. What channel. BBC Two? Sure, no problem. Tell us about this

:39:31.:39:37.

evening and those dance moves. Oh, my gadness. What can I tell you Does

:39:38.:39:44.

he get it all from you? Yes. Yes. He gets his creativity from dad. He got

:39:45.:39:49.

the dance move, the confidence, the get-up-and-go from me. Did you ever

:39:50.:39:52.

worry about him being in this scene? Did you hope he would have some

:39:53.:39:56.

other kind of job or have you always been behind him? Not really. When we

:39:57.:40:01.

raise them we want them to do what they want to do and we supervise. We

:40:02.:40:06.

didn't train them, we raised them. That's about it for tonight.

:40:07.:40:18.

you with a taste of this year's Mercury Prize winner.

:40:19.:40:22.

You've heard him speak, but here he is, in all his Grimy

:40:23.:40:24.

glory, performing at tonight's ceremony.

:40:25.:40:25.

# They want to know how I did it with no label no A-list

:40:26.:40:33.

# I'm like ring, ring, ring and it's shutdown

:40:34.:40:39.

# Went to the show, sitting in the front row.

:40:40.:40:42.

# In the black tracksuit and it's shutdown.

:40:43.:40:44.

# Boy better know when it's shutdown...#

:40:45.:40:48.

The heatwave is ending with a bang with severe disruption to the

:40:49.:41:18.

south-east including the London area tomorrow morning due to severe

:41:19.:41:21.

thunderstorms. Watch this space. It could be nasty. Wet to other eastern

:41:22.:41:25.

areas through the day with

:41:26.:41:26.

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