01/03/2016 Outside Source

Hello, I'm Ros Atkins, this is Outside Source.

I'm not in the BBC Newsroom as I normally am. I'm in Johannesburg in

South Africa. We have new graphics to allow me to pull together the

elements of the main stories of the day. This time we can do it wherever

we choose, which is a fantastic new facility we'll be using plenty over

the next few months. It's 11. 30pm here. It's a cool evening after a

hot afternoon and a furious storm a few hours ago. I was up at the main

campus earlier, the main subject of conversation remains student

protests, primarily three major ones last week in South Africa, which

closed three campuses. Two have re-opened. One has closed

indefinitely. This has reignited the questions about why there are so

many protests and the degree to which university management and the

government will listen. We will cover the other main stories. We

look at Super Tuesday, which is playing out in the US in 11 states

with massive amounts at stake. We also talk about Calais, the camp

there being cleared for the second day by the French

thordsment -- French authorities. If you have any questions here BBC

OS is the har tag. Or get me at BBC Ross Atkins. Let's show you where we

are. Here is Johannesburg, the biggest city by far by altitude.

There was nothing here, if you go to the middle of the 19th century. Then

gold was discovered. If we drill gold was discovered. If we drill

right in, you get the impression of how this university is positioned

right in town. We are going to concentrate not so much at what the

happening at Wits in the past couple of weeks, but what's happening at

three other locations. North Western University in Mahikeng

has been closed indefinitely and all students sent home,

after several buildings Violent exchanges between Stuart

forces and protesters. A number of people were injured in

that. That was about the use of Afrikaans

in university. That same issue has been playing out in Pretoria.

And in Bloemfontein protesters who interrupted a rugby match

White student who were watching the game came onto the pitch too.

Violent, shocking scenes played out as they did in Bloemfontein in the

You look at this and you get the evening as well.

You look at this and you get the impression that this is a powder keg

that race relations are undermining South Africa's progress. This is

interesting. A new survey, conducted bit South African Institute of Race

Relations because of these student protests has produced a number of

interesting statistics. 76.2% of South Africans feel race

relations have stayed the same That's in line with the fact that

85.4% of South Africans agree that different race groups

need each other. Over 90% of South Africans say they

would be happy to have their children taught by someone of a

different race. Let's speak to one of the people behind this report.

You've been helping me all day gather statistics on this story.

Thank you very much indeed. People might be surprise today they look at

South Africa from the outside and see the stories that make headlines

they might think this was a country with a severe race relations

problem. Well, yes. We were surprised ourselves. We commissioned

this research through an independent company in December last year. They

delivered it to us this year. We took two looks and thought, gosh,

because what they found was that your silent majority, the majority

of South Africans are more worried about the high unemployment, 65%

youth unemployment, they're worried about the economy, that is growing

extremely slowly. They're worried about these things long before they

worry about race. About 76% of the people asked said they felt race

relations had either improved or stayed the same since 1994. Were you

surprised by the survey? No, not at all. I think the discussions between

- sorry... Go on. I think for me, what becomes important is to

understand that their social disposition is a product of South

Africa's race relations. For me, the survey itself as an independent

researcher myself at Wits is problematic in how it's framed.

Because it looks at race as a big elephant, while race is not just

skin colour, but it's also determines your social disposition.

We were chatting about this before we came on air, that actually we

can't talk about race without talking about class in South

Africament Very true. -- South Africa. Very true. Having lived

abroad, when you come back to South Africa, you see that every facet of

societial problem here has a link to race. There are a lot of problems in

other countries, particularly in Africa, which are pretty much the

same as they are here, but they don't have the apartheid history and

therefore there's no racial connotation to it. Our view is that

because of our history and our absolutely awful history the prism

that people see their frustrations through is one of race. But we've

always said that the economy, empowering people we should not lose

sight of that either and that people will feel happier if those things

improve as well. The point from the EFF was making, was look, I don't

want to talk about race all the time but I've got to because this is the

reality of South Africa. Would you agree with that? I do agree with

that. Often times we tend to look at race exclusively. As it has been

stated, race in South Africa cannot be divorced from class. The reason

why students are protesting and making it about race issue is

because the group of people that are being disenfranchised in South

Africa tend to be black people. Because they come from a lower

social class. I do tend to get where the race relations is coming from,

but you can't say that people tend to think about social matters before

they think of race. One last question, there are two types of

race relations. There's the race relations where groups of people get

along with each other and live in parallel. But there's the race

relations where they integrate and interweave their lives. Which are we

seeing here in South Africa? There is integration, but we have to agrow

there is data that we see, for example, especially in education,

where you do see that young black South Africans are still completely

disenfranchised. We look at our results and we see that 83% of young

white South African that's write maths at A-level, grade 12 will pass

at 40%, whereas only about 28. 5% of young black South Africans will pass

at over 40%. That doesn't mean they don't have the potential. It means

they are disenfranchised. Their schools aren't resourced well enough

and so forth. We see race issues there. But we believe that we need

to empower educationally and things will get better. Thanks for coming

out so late. I know you've had a long day because this report has

just come out. We're live in Wits business school. We're in this

beautiful courtyard, close to midnight here. We're talking about

the student protests. Let's turn away from that and to the biggest

story today, super Tuesday. 11 states making their selections on

who they want, the Republican and Democratic nominee to be for the

presidential election. One of the big states that always goes to the

Republicans, Texas is choosing today. Hugely important for Donald

Trump, Ted Cruz and Marco Rubio and James Cook is there.

In Houston, it is the biggest show in town, not Super Tuesday

but the annual livestock fair and rodeo.

They have come to Texas from all over the US for this event

and when it comes to politics, folk here like everyone else

Donald Trump is stating exactly what this country needs

and what this country needs is a leader in business and not

I don't really care for Trump because I feel he attacks people

I believe he is trying to point out other people's flaws and not focus

It's kind of crazy right now, but if I can go ahead and say,

I just like Trump and what he stands for.

I think he is the best man and whatever he tells you,

In 11 states, Democrats and Republicans are doing just that

today, picking the person they want to stand for president.

Here in Texas there are local elections too,

but in the White House race the votes will be counted,

shared among the candidates and then turned into delegates

who will confirm their choice at party conventions in the summer.

For everyone involved in the presidential race,

Here in Texas there is particular pressure on Ted Cruz.

If he loses here, his campaign will be in real trouble.

Polls suggest the Texas senator is on course for victory

Almost everywhere else though, Donald Trump is the favourite.

Today he campaigned in Ohio, which votes in a fortnight.

Believe me, folks, illegal immigration has turned out to be one

of the really big factors in this entire campaign.

You would not even be talking about it, hearing about it

As for the Democrats, Bernie Sanders' left-wing challenge

to Hillary Clinton seems to be fading.

Secretary Clinton stands out in a very positive way.

Mr Trump is an embarrassment to our country.

Bernie Sanders makes the most sense and he has the most experience

and he is really making a change for America.

The presidential election is not even until November,

but already it feels like make or break.

Welcome back to the Wits business school. We're primarily focussing on

the student protests, but we're talking about migration in ten

minutes and look at the experience of some of the many people who come

to Johannesburg to either escape conflicts or to better themselves

economically. One of the main stories here in the

UK: The only remaining suspect

in the Omagh bombing has been released from jail -

just hours after the case Prosecutors said there was no

reasonable prospect of convicting Seamus Daly because of

inconsistencies in the evidence Mr Daly was successfully sued

in a civil case by some relatives of the victims but has always denied

any involvement in the Real IRA This summer will mark 18 years since

an explosion tore homa and families here apart. It was a bombing that

took more lives than any other single attack, during years when

violence seemed all too common in Northern Ireland. A time not just of

TRBLs, but dreadful -- dreadful grief.

court to see the case collapse. court to see the case collapse.

In a civil prosecution taken by some of the families, Tess Daley was one

-- Sheamus Daly was one of a group of men accused of attack. Today the

It is soul destroying. too weak to proceed with trial.

You will notice there are not many families.

Most families have given up on justice.

In preliminary hearings held ahead of trial a witness' evidence was

inconsistent. Prosecutors took the decision to drop the casement Our

thoughts are obviously with the Omagh families and the 30 people

that were murdered in Omagh in 1998. However, the prosecution against the

defendant was based on a house of straw. I'd like to ask you some

questions please about the Omagh bombing? In 2000, a BBC Panorama

programme named Daly as a member of the gang responsible. However he has

strongly denied playing any part of the bombing. In Omagh, there is a

memorial garden to ensure people don't forget those who died and what

happened here. It also serves as a reminder that no-one has ever been

convicted of these murders. This is Outside Source live

from the BBC newsroom. A few of you have been tweeting

going, "Isn't it cold? It's not warm, but compared to London, this

is fine. It's not too chilly to be sitting outside.

The student protests and the fallout from them. They have happened for

diverse reasons. But the core message is that students are not

happy with university management and not happy with South Africa's

government's approach to education and they want change. South Africa's

very much discussing what kind of change the students should be

offered. If you're watching outside the UK,

after Outside Source, it's World News America and they'll be covering

Super Tuesday. There will be coverage of new research into the

Zika virus. One of the top scientists in the US says hundreds

of thousands of people in Puerto Rico could be infected in the coming

months. And the News At Ten is next in the

UK. More on Barclays Bank shares which dropped sharply today after it

reported a fall in profits. Barclays announced plans, a big story here in

South Africa, to sell a controlling stake in the bank's Africa

operations. In recent months we've spent so much

talking about the number of migrants and refugees coming into Europe and

the pressures that creates both on the people involved and on the

countries receiving them. This is also a huge issue in a different way

for South Africa. If we bring up the map here. South Africa is right at

the bottom of the continent, one of the richest countries in Africa. As

such it's an attractive destination for some who want to make more money

than they're able to at home, but it is also a stable country and as

such, it is also attractive for people who are fleeing conflicts. As

a consequence, we can move the map on here, countries like Somalia,

Malawi, Zimbabwe, and even as far afield as Pakistan see many

hundreds, if not thousands, of people moving from their country to

South Africa. Here are some of the statistics on migration.

Official statistics say two million foreign nationals are living here.

If you ask some others with informed opinions they'll say the figure

could be as high as five million because many people come in

illegally and as such aren't documented. It's worth bearing in

mind the history to this story. In 2008, at least 62 people were killed

in xenophobic attacks. While last year wasn't as serious as that,

there was an uplift in xenophobic attacks in 2015, evidence that it is

applying pressure to South African society. We asked the BBC's

Christian Parkinson based here in Johannesburg to look into this issue

for us. He went to look at the experiences of two people.

I came to South Africa in 2001. I was looking for green pastures,

because in Zimbabwe it's a credit controller. People started to be cut

from the work. South Africa is very easy. You have chances. There's not

pressure. It's very easy to make money, it's up to you how you focus

the business. The money, it's up to you how you focus

the business. most sell commodities which is not perishable. This is

pawn shop. I sell anything which I get cheap. Here are tables and big

piece of carpet I bring there. In 2008, I do experience. I was

running a shop. It was a small shop. People have to get inside that shop.

After that, they hate my husband. -- they hit my husband. His face was

swollen. Even the child was running away from the father, not knowing it

was his father because he was swollen. In 2011 they start shooting

on me. They looking some money. Five, six bullets they shoot. Crime

is everywhere, but now it's improving, it's better.

I work here in South Africa. But my money is at home because I need to

pay school fees for my children. This is my daughter. I miss her too

much. But she knows that I love her. This is my boy. What I need for my

children, it's a better life. Because I don't like them to see

them in the streets. Dealing with the drugs. I need them to see them

tomorrow being good people, in a good position. That's why I'm

working hard so they must go to school in which way ever they like

to reach. I find I'm very happy with my life. There's no problem for me.

Even I'm here, I'm satisfied. I'm sitting like my own home. In the

future, I don't think I've got two years in South Africa, or one year.

I'm wishing to go back. What I've done, it's enough.

As we've been saying, there are clearly many pressing and serious

issues here in South Africa. A bit earlier we invited one of the

country's top comedians to come and speak to me. We got caught up in a

huge storm will we were talking. I wanted to know if comedy has a place

in the national discourse. I think we help the bitter pill down. The

way comedy is going right now in the country, shows how desperate people

are for a good laugh. For a long time as comedians we got to do a lot

of black people, white people that, coloured people, Indian, you know,

as our material. Now a lot of our material is quite current. We're

talking about the economy. We're talking about the concessions we

have to make. We talk about the droughts and the, you know, saving

water, versus saving electricity, versus saving the rhino. We're all

frustrated. If you think that politics is bad, you're busy trying

to save a rhino, you're thirsty but there isn't enough water. Should I

get the water or save the rhino first? Poacher is also thirsty. Then

let's get water and then we'll continue. Then you're saving

electricity. You can't boil your water to clean it, it's very

awkward. Are you feeling the pressure to live up to Trevor's

spectacular achievements snrchlts not everybody has the American

dream. That's true. I want pounds. I want to earn pounds. Pounds are

stronger than the dollar any day. Anything other than the rand I will

take. It's exciting. What is exciting about what he's done is

he's gone - it's possible. He's literally gone, take your craft,

you're going to find a niche and go with it. But it's he's a beautiful

man. He's a phenomenal. Enom Nan. Women want him, men want him. How do

you compete with that. It's exciting because in the world, gets to see

that beyond Nelson Mandela there's so much more to South Africa. Thanks

very much to her. We survived that storm. I wonder, close to midnight

here, you're all involved in campaigning in some ways, are these

issues so serious that you can't also laugh about them? To be honest,

right now, everything is still fresh. But, I mean, I feel like in

our different spaces wherever you are, you will have moments, not

actually laughing at the situation, but laughing at certain individuals'

reactions. I mean, Education Minister, things that he doesn't

want to interact with students and you're like, but you're here to deal

with our issues and our demands, hence why are you not dealing with

them. I think those situations you then begin to actually laugh, but

you laugh on reflecting on them not necessarily the humour of it. For

me, I think Winston Churchill said a joke is a very serious thing. For

me, that's how I feel about it. I recently wrote a piece to be

published about how oppressed people, because of the system, the

most depressed human beings on the planet, and therefore, for me, a

joke, if someone is making a joke, there has to be issues of

positionality as well. Who's making the joke? I cannot have a white

comedian making a joke about my poverty, you know? You can't have a

heterosexual person mocking queer poddies, positionality, who are you

to make the joke, that's very important. We are out of time. To

all of you here, other people there coming out, thank you very much.

Thanks to all my production here in South Africa and the team back in

London as well. OS is back in the BBC Newsroom tomorrow. But from all

of us here in South Africa, thanks for staying up late with us. We

appreciate your company. Speak to you soon, bye-bye.

Hello. What a week it's been so far. We've had some real contrasting

weather conditions - cold and frosty on Monday, mild and wet on Tuesday.

Snow to come for