Browse content similar to 10/05/2016. Check below for episodes and series from the same categories and more!
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When we finally went to the court in Bath and I saw this man | :00:39. | :00:45. | |
standing and I thought, it's not a man - he's a monster. | :00:46. | :00:48. | |
Christopher Hampton was caught by complete chance - | :00:49. | :00:50. | |
we will speak to the police officer who worked on the case. | :00:51. | :00:58. | |
The five-year-olds with tooth decay - we'll ask why so many young | :00:59. | :01:01. | |
children are affected and what can be done to stop the rot. | :01:02. | :01:18. | |
We're also talking about drone attacks this morning. | :01:19. | :01:22. | |
Is it OK for our Government to target suspected terrorists | :01:23. | :01:24. | |
It follows the killing in Syria last year of a British citizen | :01:25. | :01:30. | |
We'll be asking if such attacks violate international law. | :01:31. | :01:33. | |
Do get in touch on all the stories we're talking about this morning - | :01:34. | :01:37. | |
If you text, you will be charged at the standard network rate. | :01:38. | :01:41. | |
And don't forget if you've got a story you think we should be | :01:42. | :01:44. | |
Our top story today - one of the leading members | :01:45. | :01:55. | |
of the campaign for Britain to leave the EU says that Germany had | :01:56. | :01:59. | |
a 'de facto' veto over the Prime Minister's attempts | :02:00. | :02:01. | |
Senior Conservative Iain Duncan Smith says that David Cameron had | :02:02. | :02:05. | |
to ditch plans on curbing migration during his EU renegotiation | :02:06. | :02:07. | |
Our political guru Norman Smith is at Westminster. | :02:08. | :02:16. | |
Good morning, tell us what he is saying. | :02:17. | :02:22. | |
Number Ten are not categorically denying Mr Duncan Smith's claims, | :02:23. | :02:29. | |
just saying they don't recognise the number. They are saying that -- he | :02:30. | :02:36. | |
is saying that Angela Merkel blocked demands by Mr Cameron to impose what | :02:37. | :02:40. | |
is down as an emergency brake to hold EU migrants coming to Britain. | :02:41. | :02:44. | |
She was told about it and effectively said no. Mr Cameron | :02:45. | :02:49. | |
abandoned the demands. Mr Duncan Smith is saying that was typical of | :02:50. | :02:54. | |
the Prime Minister's approach to negotiations were Germany in effect | :02:55. | :02:57. | |
had a whip hand and was able to decide what Mr Cameron was able to | :02:58. | :03:02. | |
push for. We know that of course Germany was critical in bigger the | :03:03. | :03:05. | |
Asians because Downing Street spends an awful lot of time trying to woo | :03:06. | :03:11. | |
Mrs Merkel in the hope she will sell the deal to other EU countries, but | :03:12. | :03:14. | |
Mr Duncan Smith seems to be suggesting that it went a lot | :03:15. | :03:18. | |
further than that and Mrs Michael almost had to pick her fingers and | :03:19. | :03:23. | |
Mr Cameron would do what was required. Mr Duncan Smith also | :03:24. | :03:28. | |
suggests that the deal has less does -- left us in a worse position than | :03:29. | :03:34. | |
before Mr Cameron's negotiations, particularly in relation to London | :03:35. | :03:38. | |
and the city because he says we have surrendered our right to block | :03:39. | :03:41. | |
further eurozone integration and it means the rest of the EU may press | :03:42. | :03:46. | |
ahead with greater harmonisation of banking rules which could damage the | :03:47. | :03:51. | |
city. He is giving a speech later | :03:52. | :03:53. | |
campaigning on the Leeds side, Jeremy Corbyn also campaigning today | :03:54. | :04:01. | |
for remain. What is he up to today? He is launching Labour's battle bus, | :04:02. | :04:06. | |
touring towns up and down the country, and the aim is to try to | :04:07. | :04:10. | |
mobilise the Labour vote in favour of remaining in the EU, because both | :04:11. | :04:14. | |
sides in this campaign recognise that maybe the critical factor. If | :04:15. | :04:18. | |
you accept that probably the majority of Conservatives may | :04:19. | :04:22. | |
support Brexit, then those in favour of remain are desperate to get the | :04:23. | :04:28. | |
Labour vote out, and Mr Corbyn has never been one to bang the drum for | :04:29. | :04:31. | |
Europe so there is real pressure on him to galvanise Labour support. | :04:32. | :04:33. | |
Thank you, Norman. Ben Brown is in the BBC Newsroom | :04:34. | :04:36. | |
and has more on that and a summary One person has been killed and three | :04:37. | :04:40. | |
seriously injured after a man attacked commuters with a knife | :04:41. | :04:45. | |
at a train station The incident happened in Grafing, | :04:46. | :04:47. | |
east of Munich, shortly before 5am. Prosecutors say he had | :04:48. | :04:52. | |
an apparent Islamist motive. With us now is our Berlin | :04:53. | :04:59. | |
correspondent Jenny Hill. What is the latest? I can give you | :05:00. | :05:09. | |
an update because the police are now saying that the man they arrested | :05:10. | :05:14. | |
was a 27-year-old German man who they say wasn't known to them, he | :05:15. | :05:17. | |
was carrying a knife with a ten centimetre long blade and he | :05:18. | :05:22. | |
attacked apparently at random people on the train at the train station in | :05:23. | :05:28. | |
Grafing, it near Munich, but also outside it. One man, they say, died | :05:29. | :05:33. | |
as a result of the attack, one is seriously injured and two others | :05:34. | :05:37. | |
injured, although not critically, they were believed to be cyclists | :05:38. | :05:41. | |
waiting outside the station this morning. Eyewitness testimonies | :05:42. | :05:46. | |
suggested the man shouted Allahu Akbar, God is great, as he carried | :05:47. | :05:50. | |
out the attack, which is feeding into the suspicion that this was a | :05:51. | :05:54. | |
Terre motivated attack. Bear in mind Germany has not seen the kind of | :05:55. | :05:58. | |
major terror incidents like we have seen in places like Paris and | :05:59. | :06:03. | |
Brussels of late, but according to senior security officials Germany is | :06:04. | :06:07. | |
in the cross hairs of international terrorism, so that is certainly a | :06:08. | :06:10. | |
line of inquiry being looked at by police and prosecutors this morning. | :06:11. | :06:14. | |
OK, thank you very much indeed. The legal case for the use of drone | :06:15. | :06:18. | |
strikes against so-called Islamic State terrorists needs | :06:19. | :06:21. | |
urgent clarification, A report from the Joint Committee | :06:22. | :06:22. | |
on Human Rights says the Government's policy on the use | :06:23. | :06:27. | |
of military force outside of armed It follows the killing of a British | :06:28. | :06:30. | |
citizen who was fighting for IS in Syria by an | :06:31. | :06:37. | |
RAF drone last year. A grammar, punctuation and spelling | :06:38. | :06:41. | |
test due to be taken by all ten and 11-year-old children in England | :06:42. | :06:46. | |
this morning has been The answers appeared | :06:47. | :06:48. | |
on a password-protected It's the second mistake involving | :06:49. | :06:52. | |
SATs papers in the past three weeks. The Department for Education says | :06:53. | :06:57. | |
it's investigating the breach, The more challenging SATs introduced | :06:58. | :06:59. | |
this year have attracted their fair Last week, some parents | :07:00. | :07:12. | |
kept their children off school in a day of protest | :07:13. | :07:15. | |
over the assessments. Almost 50,000 people have now | :07:16. | :07:17. | |
signed a petition calling This latest blunder could further | :07:18. | :07:19. | |
anger already-sceptical It's the second time in just three | :07:20. | :07:22. | |
weeks that a primary school test has Last month, the spelling | :07:23. | :07:28. | |
and grammar assessments for six and seven-year-old children had | :07:29. | :07:32. | |
to be abandoned after the paper Now, the test for ten | :07:33. | :07:34. | |
and 11-year-olds has been published on a password-protected | :07:35. | :07:41. | |
website for exam markers Labour says confidence in the test | :07:42. | :07:43. | |
has been undermined, and has called for | :07:44. | :07:48. | |
an emergency review. Some have suggested the leak | :07:49. | :07:52. | |
invalidates the These tests are | :07:53. | :07:54. | |
completely compromised. That's why they had to scrap the key | :07:55. | :08:01. | |
stage one spelling and grammar test, and frankly what they should have | :08:02. | :08:05. | |
done was scrap today's test. The Department for Education says | :08:06. | :08:09. | |
it is aware of a breach and is urgently | :08:10. | :08:11. | |
investigating the matter. Whatever the eventual outcome, | :08:12. | :08:13. | |
600,000 ten and 11-year-olds will be taking the paper as planned | :08:14. | :08:15. | |
in classrooms across South Yorkshire police officers | :08:16. | :08:17. | |
are in Greece making a new appeal for help in finding out | :08:18. | :08:25. | |
what happened to toddler Ben Needham, who disappeared | :08:26. | :08:27. | |
on the island of Kos 25 years ago. Despite hundreds of reported | :08:28. | :08:38. | |
sightings over the years, Ben, who would now be aged 26, | :08:39. | :08:40. | |
has not been found. In January the force was given | :08:41. | :08:43. | |
Home Office funding to support the Greek authorities | :08:44. | :08:45. | |
in their continuing inquiries. Detective Superintendent Matt | :08:46. | :08:47. | |
Fenwick, who's in Athens, We're here today to appeal to people | :08:48. | :09:03. | |
of Kos, and appeal to those people directly. | :09:04. | :09:06. | |
I believe that it's highly likely that someone on Kos today | :09:07. | :09:09. | |
or somebody that has lived in Kos in the past will have | :09:10. | :09:12. | |
the answers and know what has happened to Ben Needham. | :09:13. | :09:14. | |
We want to appeal to those people to come forward and help us find | :09:15. | :09:17. | |
Anti-terrorist police have carried out a major training exercise | :09:18. | :09:21. | |
at Britain's second-largest shopping centre overnight. | :09:22. | :09:22. | |
The scenario, which involved a mock suicide bomber, | :09:23. | :09:24. | |
was staged at the Trafford Centre on the outskirts of Manchester. | :09:25. | :09:29. | |
Hundreds of volunteers played the role of shoppers, | :09:30. | :09:32. | |
in an operation designed to test the response of emergency services | :09:33. | :09:34. | |
The first pictures have emerged showing the full extent | :09:35. | :09:43. | |
of the damage from a huge wildfire that's engulfed a Canadian town | :09:44. | :09:45. | |
88,000 people were evacuated from Fort McMurray. | :09:46. | :09:49. | |
While much of the town is unscathed, some neighbourhoods have been almost | :09:50. | :09:53. | |
entirely destroyed, as Laura Bicker reports. | :09:54. | :10:07. | |
This was a family neighbourhood, with gardens to play in, | :10:08. | :10:09. | |
But the fire was brutal, so fierce that it has left only | :10:10. | :10:13. | |
Everything that made this a home is gone. | :10:14. | :10:17. | |
The fire chief here has called this a beast. | :10:18. | :10:19. | |
He said it jumped across roads, he said it took them by complete | :10:20. | :10:22. | |
surprise, they didn't know where it was going to end up next. | :10:23. | :10:25. | |
Officials are aware these images will be distressing, | :10:26. | :10:30. | |
but they want residents to know why it is not safe to | :10:31. | :10:32. | |
Under no circumstances go past the sidewalks into | :10:33. | :10:39. | |
And they want them to see parts of the city firefighters have | :10:40. | :10:44. | |
The fast action, and the hard work, and the dedication | :10:45. | :10:57. | |
and the smarts of these first responders has, it appears, | :10:58. | :10:59. | |
saved almost 90% of the city of Fort McMurray. | :11:00. | :11:01. | |
I'm told we've lost about 2400 structures. | :11:02. | :11:04. | |
We saved almost 25,000, including the hospital, | :11:05. | :11:08. | |
municipal buildings, and every functioning school. | :11:09. | :11:13. | |
But it will be these pictures which will haunt evacuees, | :11:14. | :11:18. | |
as they wait to find out when they can return. | :11:19. | :11:21. | |
The Alberta government says it will have a plan in two weeks. | :11:22. | :11:24. | |
Until then, any hopes of rebuilding will have to wait. | :11:25. | :11:33. | |
Donald Trump says the newly-elected Mayor of London Sadiq Khan would be | :11:34. | :11:36. | |
exempt from his proposed ban on Muslims entering | :11:37. | :11:39. | |
London's first Muslim Mayor had expressed concerns that, | :11:40. | :11:45. | |
because of his faith, he wouldn't be able to visit the US | :11:46. | :11:48. | |
if Mr Trump won the Presidential election. | :11:49. | :11:50. | |
The Republican hopeful was condemned by several world leaders last year | :11:51. | :11:53. | |
In the next half-an-hour we'll get the latest | :11:54. | :12:26. | |
figures on the state of five-year-olds' | :12:27. | :12:29. | |
Last month we reported on the big rise in the number of children | :12:30. | :12:34. | |
who are having rotten teeth taken out at hospital in England. | :12:35. | :12:36. | |
Dental decay is the biggest single reason for five to nine years | :12:37. | :12:39. | |
old being admitted to hospital, according to the analysis | :12:40. | :12:41. | |
Stargazers have been enjoying a rare transit of the planet Mercury | :12:42. | :12:45. | |
The event - which lasted about seven hours - | :12:46. | :12:49. | |
was impossible and dangerous to view with the naked eye or binoculars, | :12:50. | :12:52. | |
but could be seen through telescopes with strong filters, | :12:53. | :12:54. | |
The phenomenon will happen again in 2019, and then 2032. | :12:55. | :12:57. | |
That's a summary of the latest BBC News. | :12:58. | :13:00. | |
It is quite hard to spot, isn't it? We have got a comment from the | :13:01. | :13:06. | |
Department for Education on the sat tests, the news that the tests due | :13:07. | :13:10. | |
to be taken by ten and 11-year-old children in England this morning | :13:11. | :13:14. | |
have been posted online. We have been saying it was accidentally | :13:15. | :13:19. | |
posted online but a source at the Department for Education is saying, | :13:20. | :13:22. | |
while the test doesn't appear to have been leaked into the public | :13:23. | :13:26. | |
domain and can go-ahead, a rogue marker did attempt to lead the | :13:27. | :13:30. | |
contents online. It is clear there is an active campaign by those | :13:31. | :13:33. | |
people opposed to our reforms to undermine these tests and our | :13:34. | :13:37. | |
attempts to raise standards. That's just through from the | :13:38. | :13:40. | |
Department for Education, saying there is an active campaign by | :13:41. | :13:44. | |
people opposed to the reforms to try to undermine the tests. We will be | :13:45. | :13:46. | |
talking much more about that. And if your child is taking SATs | :13:47. | :13:49. | |
this week at their primary school, Do get in touch with us throughout | :13:50. | :13:52. | |
the morning - use the hashtag If you text, you will be | :13:53. | :14:02. | |
charged at the standard Olly Foster has the sport now | :14:03. | :14:06. | |
and a big night of football It promises to be an emotional | :14:07. | :14:10. | |
night in East London. West Ham play their last competitive | :14:11. | :14:15. | |
match at Upton Park. Manchester United are the visitors - | :14:16. | :14:17. | |
United won there in the Cup last month, but three points tonight | :14:18. | :14:20. | |
would take them into the top four Not so much riding on the result | :14:21. | :14:23. | |
for the Hammers but of course, wouldn't they love to go out | :14:24. | :14:27. | |
on a high. They move into the Olympic Stadium | :14:28. | :14:30. | |
next season but their manager has admitted that it | :14:31. | :14:33. | |
is going to be very, very hard to recreate the atmosphere | :14:34. | :14:35. | |
of the Boleyn Ground that makes it You are losing something. It is | :14:36. | :14:48. | |
going to be impossible to make the fortress of the Olympic Stadium | :14:49. | :14:59. | |
because that little bit of a hostile atmosphere, a bit intimidating for | :15:00. | :15:03. | |
away teams. Forget about it, no chance. Tuesday we have to play | :15:04. | :15:08. | |
against an opponent who says goodbye to the stadium, so they don't want | :15:09. | :15:15. | |
to lose in the old stadium. They have already lost against Manchester | :15:16. | :15:21. | |
United in the last FA Cup match. That is also his story. So, yes, | :15:22. | :15:26. | |
that is not good for us, and West Ham is a very good team. | :15:27. | :15:29. | |
You may have seen across the BBC, a special report about the rise | :15:30. | :15:33. | |
With massive government support they aim to be a world superpower | :15:34. | :15:36. | |
by 2050, and their domestic teams can already compete financially | :15:37. | :15:39. | |
The Executive Chairman of the Premier League thinks it can | :15:40. | :15:43. | |
The more domestic football in any country grows, the better it is for | :15:44. | :15:55. | |
us. There are examples all over the world where the domestic league is | :15:56. | :15:59. | |
much stronger than we are and we are happy to be number two, our clubs | :16:00. | :16:03. | |
are happy to be involved. It is fantastic for football if a country | :16:04. | :16:06. | |
as big as China wants to get ahold of it and grab it and embrace and | :16:07. | :16:09. | |
take on the world's game. Aljaz Bedene and Johana Konta | :16:10. | :16:13. | |
play their first round matches Heather Watson is already | :16:14. | :16:15. | |
through to the second round after an impressive win | :16:16. | :16:18. | |
against top 20 player Sara Errani, It went to three sets | :16:19. | :16:21. | |
but Watson took the decider. She faces the Czech Barbora Strycova | :16:22. | :16:32. | |
next. There was a team bronze | :16:33. | :16:34. | |
for Great Britain on the opening night of the European Aquatics | :16:35. | :16:36. | |
Championships in London. Matty Lee and Georgia Ward finished | :16:37. | :16:38. | |
behind Russia and Ukraine. Let's just return to football | :16:39. | :16:41. | |
because Burnley's big night They won the Championship title | :16:42. | :16:43. | |
on Saturday, but had to wait until last night at their town hall | :16:44. | :16:52. | |
to receive the trophy and medals except there were only 25 to give | :16:53. | :16:56. | |
out and the club put 27 players forward, one of those to miss | :16:57. | :16:59. | |
out was Joey Barton, their player of the season | :17:00. | :17:04. | |
who didn't seem best The club took the blame, | :17:05. | :17:06. | |
saying their was an Of all the players to upset! | :17:07. | :17:20. | |
It shouldn't be Joey bart onl! That's all your sport for now. I | :17:21. | :17:22. | |
will be back in half an hour. Should our government target | :17:23. | :17:26. | |
suspected terrorists thousands of miles away, | :17:27. | :17:30. | |
using drone strikes? MPs are concerned that such attacks | :17:31. | :17:32. | |
outside warzones could fall foul of international law and even lead | :17:33. | :17:34. | |
to the prosecution The cross party group of MPs | :17:35. | :17:37. | |
on the Joint Committee on Human Rights says the Government | :17:38. | :17:44. | |
needs to explain the legal basis It comes after this man, | :17:45. | :17:46. | |
Reyaad Khan, a British member of the so-called Islamic State | :17:47. | :17:50. | |
group, was killed by an RAF drone Informing parliament of the death, | :17:51. | :17:53. | |
David Cameron said the 21-year-old from Cardiff had been | :17:54. | :17:57. | |
plotting "barbaric" attacks. Both Junaid Hassan and Reyaad Khan | :17:58. | :18:00. | |
were British nationals based in Syria who were involved | :18:01. | :18:04. | |
in actively recruiting Isil sympathisers and seeking | :18:05. | :18:09. | |
to orchestrate specific and barbaric attacks against the West, | :18:10. | :18:11. | |
including directing a number of planned terrorist attacks right | :18:12. | :18:15. | |
here in Britain, such as plots to attack high-profile public | :18:16. | :18:19. | |
commemorations including those We should be under no | :18:20. | :18:21. | |
illusion their intention So on this occasion | :18:22. | :18:30. | |
we ourselves took action. Well, that was David Cameron after | :18:31. | :18:43. | |
that attack. Harriet Harman is a Labour MP | :18:44. | :18:47. | |
and the Chair of the Joint Jennifer Gibson is a lawyer | :18:48. | :18:49. | |
who leads Reprieve's work with families of people killed | :18:50. | :18:53. | |
by drones in Pakistan. Colonel Richard Kemp is a former | :18:54. | :18:55. | |
commander of British forces in Afghanistan and supports | :18:56. | :18:59. | |
the use of drones. Thank you all for coming in. | :19:00. | :19:05. | |
Harriet, first of all, was this attack legal? Well, I think that | :19:06. | :19:11. | |
without those proper scrutiny afterwards and without the | :19:12. | :19:17. | |
Government being clear about what the legal framework is, there is a | :19:18. | :19:20. | |
concern that there isn't a proper legal basis and that's what our | :19:21. | :19:23. | |
committee said. Nobody wants the Government to be standing by ringing | :19:24. | :19:27. | |
their hands not taking action if a terrorist abroad is planning a | :19:28. | :19:31. | |
brutal and barbaric attack on us here at home, but nor do we want, | :19:32. | :19:35. | |
when there is a killing in cold blood, a planned killing, for them | :19:36. | :19:40. | |
to not make sure that they are complying with the law. So the way | :19:41. | :19:45. | |
to do that, it might be to have a clear legal framework, but to have | :19:46. | :19:49. | |
scrutiny by the Intelligence and Security Committee afterwards. In | :19:50. | :19:52. | |
this case, the Government says there was a direct threat, a barbaric | :19:53. | :19:58. | |
attack was being planned? You talk about it as being an attack in cold | :19:59. | :20:04. | |
blood? Well, it was because he was targeted on a list, but I think that | :20:05. | :20:07. | |
what we've said is the Government have said they are going to be doing | :20:08. | :20:11. | |
more of these possibly if they feel it is necessary in say Libya or | :20:12. | :20:16. | |
Yemen and Somalia and if they're going to do that, there needs to be | :20:17. | :20:19. | |
some independent check afterwards and there is this committee called | :20:20. | :20:23. | |
the Intelligence and Security Committee which actually is security | :20:24. | :20:26. | |
cleared so it can look at secret information to say was the | :20:27. | :20:30. | |
intelligence services information right? Was this the right person | :20:31. | :20:34. | |
that they actually did kill? Was it necessary? I think we need that | :20:35. | :20:37. | |
independent check because if you're taking a life, if the State is | :20:38. | :20:41. | |
taking a life, even to protect lives, it is a serious matter and | :20:42. | :20:44. | |
there needs to be an independent check afterwards. So where would you | :20:45. | :20:49. | |
draw the line? You say that there could be similar drone attacks in | :20:50. | :20:55. | |
Libya, Yemen, Somalia. Would you accept drone attacks in those | :20:56. | :21:00. | |
countries or others provided there is a very clear case that can be | :21:01. | :21:04. | |
made that whoever is attacked is posing a direct threat? Well, our | :21:05. | :21:08. | |
Government is under a legal duty actually to protect our lives so | :21:09. | :21:12. | |
actually they are under a legal duty if somebody is going to kill people | :21:13. | :21:15. | |
in this country to take that action, but they need to take that action | :21:16. | :21:19. | |
within the law and one of the reasons is... Can there ever be | :21:20. | :21:24. | |
clarity within the law though? I think there can be. One of the | :21:25. | :21:28. | |
things that changed. It used to be the case there was an easy division | :21:29. | :21:31. | |
between law in relation to war where that's a broad and there is a | :21:32. | :21:35. | |
foreign state and you're fighting a war and there is laws apply to that, | :21:36. | :21:41. | |
if it is here at crime, it is crime and it is terrorism, but things have | :21:42. | :21:45. | |
changed with new technology which allows terrorists to plan attacks in | :21:46. | :21:48. | |
this country from hundreds of thousands of miles away and also | :21:49. | :21:56. | |
with the rise of Isil Daesh who are not a State, but they are a threat. | :21:57. | :22:00. | |
We say the Government should go to the European Council and the UN and | :22:01. | :22:03. | |
say there is a change in the circumstances. Let's make sure the | :22:04. | :22:06. | |
legal framework allows us to protect our people, but within the law. What | :22:07. | :22:11. | |
about bringing someone to justice? Well, if they can't bring someone to | :22:12. | :22:15. | |
justice because they can't arrest them, because it would not be safe | :22:16. | :22:19. | |
to be able for our armed forces to do that, then they are entitled | :22:20. | :22:24. | |
under law to actually kill them to prevent them killing us, but we have | :22:25. | :22:28. | |
got to be sure that actually that intelligence is right, not least | :22:29. | :22:33. | |
because if our military kills somebody abroad, then actually they | :22:34. | :22:36. | |
could still be vulnerable to a charge of murder unless they have | :22:37. | :22:39. | |
got a proper legal defence. Murder is the one crime where even if you | :22:40. | :22:44. | |
do it abroad, you can still be prosecuted for that offence in this | :22:45. | :22:48. | |
country. So unless they get the legal basis right, the military | :22:49. | :22:51. | |
carrying out their orders are vulnerable to a charge of murder and | :22:52. | :22:54. | |
we wouldn't want that. Are you concerned about that? Yes, I | :22:55. | :22:58. | |
think the report raises some very good points and I don't disagree | :22:59. | :23:02. | |
with anything that Harriet says here. We shouldn't forget that there | :23:03. | :23:07. | |
are people in various parts of the world, not just in places where | :23:08. | :23:10. | |
we're physically fighting them. There are people who want to kill | :23:11. | :23:14. | |
our citizens either here at home or elsewhere and it is the Government's | :23:15. | :23:18. | |
duty to prevent that happening, ideally in a foreign country the | :23:19. | :23:22. | |
Government should do, should use its influence and power to persuade that | :23:23. | :23:25. | |
country to take action, that's the ideal situation. Where it can't, | :23:26. | :23:28. | |
then it has to take action otherwise that might be by a drone strike. It | :23:29. | :23:32. | |
might be by a special forces raid, it could be by a fixed wing, a | :23:33. | :23:36. | |
manned aircraft strike, but the Government does have a | :23:37. | :23:40. | |
responsibility to do that. Is it something that concerns people | :23:41. | :23:43. | |
operating in the military that they may face charges? I think it does. | :23:44. | :23:47. | |
It is not just drone pilots and people that order drone strikes that | :23:48. | :23:50. | |
are worried, it is given the vast number of investigations that have | :23:51. | :23:56. | |
been taking place over Iraq and now Afghanistan into so-called illegal | :23:57. | :23:59. | |
activity by British forces, many of which are falsified, but it does | :24:00. | :24:03. | |
cause great concern among them. Many British troops feel that they are | :24:04. | :24:06. | |
don't necessarily have the protection. So I think the measures | :24:07. | :24:11. | |
that Harriet's committee is proposing, that the Government | :24:12. | :24:14. | |
imposes far greater clarity on what it is actually planning to do and | :24:15. | :24:18. | |
subject itself to scrutiny, I think is important, but that scrutiny, it | :24:19. | :24:21. | |
is a difficult issue because, of course, a lot of the basis for these | :24:22. | :24:26. | |
drone strikes are based on secret intelligence which even some of the | :24:27. | :24:29. | |
scrutiny committees may not be able to have access to perhaps until long | :24:30. | :24:34. | |
after the event. It is a difficult and complicated area, but I think it | :24:35. | :24:37. | |
does require clarification. Does that mean you could ever get the | :24:38. | :24:41. | |
sort of clarity that you want? Well, I think you could. We're not the | :24:42. | :24:45. | |
only country facing this new situation with terrorists | :24:46. | :24:48. | |
threatening us from abroad using new technology and the rise of Isil | :24:49. | :24:52. | |
Daesh, so I do think that there should be an international | :24:53. | :24:56. | |
discussion about whether we need a reviewed legal framework because of | :24:57. | :24:59. | |
the new circumstances in which we're trying to protect ourselves, but the | :25:00. | :25:02. | |
Intelligence and Security Committee, which is a committee of MPs, they | :25:03. | :25:07. | |
are MPs which have been security cleared so they should be allowed to | :25:08. | :25:11. | |
see the most secret and highest level of information. And the | :25:12. | :25:14. | |
Intelligence and Security Committee, we're suggesting, should be able to | :25:15. | :25:19. | |
look any time that the military outside of where there is a war | :25:20. | :25:23. | |
going on, if we're not at war, but they kill somebody who is a danger | :25:24. | :25:27. | |
to us, the Intelligence and Security Committee must be able to go through | :25:28. | :25:31. | |
it because what we don't want is standards to slipment we all know | :25:32. | :25:34. | |
that if you know somebody is looking over your shoulder at some future | :25:35. | :25:38. | |
time, you are more careful about making absolutely sure what you're | :25:39. | :25:42. | |
doing is right. Jennifer, you are a lawyer, you work with Reprieve, you | :25:43. | :25:45. | |
represent families of people who have been killed by drone attacks | :25:46. | :25:47. | |
and you gave evidence to the committee. What is your prospective | :25:48. | :25:53. | |
on whether there is clarity? I think the JCH is right to be concerned | :25:54. | :25:57. | |
both about the UK's position and a lack of position they seem to have | :25:58. | :26:01. | |
taken. We have seen with the US programme which has been going on | :26:02. | :26:05. | |
now for over eight years, a complete lack of any transparency around | :26:06. | :26:09. | |
where the strikes are happening, who has been killed and under what legal | :26:10. | :26:13. | |
framework. That confuse around the legal framework led to potentially | :26:14. | :26:17. | |
as 25% of those being killed as civilians. Without any | :26:18. | :26:22. | |
accountability and it has created massive amounts of kind of | :26:23. | :26:24. | |
resentment on the ground in these countries where the strikes are | :26:25. | :26:29. | |
going on and you now have US generals coming out saying the | :26:30. | :26:32. | |
programme is a failed strategy. It is counter productive to take the | :26:33. | :26:35. | |
targeted strikes against terrorists outside of war zones and yet what | :26:36. | :26:39. | |
you now have here in the UK... But if it is taking out people who are a | :26:40. | :26:44. | |
direct threat and Harriet Harman was talking about the responsibility of | :26:45. | :26:47. | |
governments to protect their citizens, why is it a failed | :26:48. | :26:51. | |
strategy? Because there was no transparency and no check on what | :26:52. | :26:53. | |
the Government was doing and it became a slippery slope. It stopped | :26:54. | :26:58. | |
being a programme targeting those who are facing an imminent direct | :26:59. | :27:02. | |
threat to the US and became about targeting anyone who posed maybe any | :27:03. | :27:06. | |
threat and the intelligence, the basis and the strength of the | :27:07. | :27:09. | |
intelligence has proven to be very weakment they were willing to take | :27:10. | :27:13. | |
strikes on weak or non-existent intelligence where they were killing | :27:14. | :27:16. | |
people they didn't even know what or who they were on the ground based on | :27:17. | :27:21. | |
signatures which are effectively patterns of behaviour, there is one | :27:22. | :27:24. | |
of the leaks from inside the CIA was that at one point the CIA director | :27:25. | :27:30. | |
used to see three men in a field doing jumping jacks and thought it | :27:31. | :27:34. | |
was a terrorist training camp and he would take a strike. That's why | :27:35. | :27:37. | |
accountability is so important. If the UK is going to go down this road | :27:38. | :27:41. | |
of engaging in targeted strikes like the US, there has from the out set | :27:42. | :27:46. | |
be a clear policy that sets out the legal framework in which the strikes | :27:47. | :27:51. | |
will be taken and proper accountability mechanisms to prevent | :27:52. | :27:53. | |
the failed strategy that the US is dealing with. The MoD said, "We will | :27:54. | :28:00. | |
take lawful action to address it and report to Parliament after we have | :28:01. | :28:03. | |
done so. Such actions are only to be carried out as a last resort when | :28:04. | :28:07. | |
all other options have been exhausted and we would always do so | :28:08. | :28:11. | |
in accordance with international humanitarian law. We will provide a | :28:12. | :28:15. | |
fuller response to the report in due course." Presumably your concerns | :28:16. | :28:21. | |
are what was outlined there by Jennifer about not getting to that | :28:22. | :28:27. | |
stage. Are you comfortable that we are far enough away from the sort of | :28:28. | :28:31. | |
scenarios that Jennifer was outlining and doing the right things | :28:32. | :28:36. | |
to make sure that doesn't happen? Well, no, I'm not, for two reasons. | :28:37. | :28:44. | |
There isn't any independent check-up afterwards and in order to comply | :28:45. | :28:49. | |
with law, you have to have an independent check-up afterwards, but | :28:50. | :28:51. | |
we're helping the Americans with what they're doing by sharing | :28:52. | :28:55. | |
intelligence and giving them intelligence about people that they | :28:56. | :28:58. | |
feel are a danger and allowing them to use our air bases for their drone | :28:59. | :29:03. | |
strikes. Now, if you're helping somebody do something, you are | :29:04. | :29:07. | |
sharing the responsibility and complicit with that if it is wrong | :29:08. | :29:10. | |
and therefore, we need to be sure that what we're doing to help the | :29:11. | :29:15. | |
Americans is also lawful and that's something also that the Intelligence | :29:16. | :29:18. | |
Intelligence and Security Committee should be looking at. Nobody wants | :29:19. | :29:22. | |
people in this country to be killed because our Government fails to act. | :29:23. | :29:25. | |
But if they're killing people in cold blood, in a place where we're | :29:26. | :29:29. | |
not at war, they're taking a life. It is really serious. And they must | :29:30. | :29:33. | |
be sure they get it right. For the Government to say, "We act within | :29:34. | :29:39. | |
the law." That's not good enough. It is not lawful just because the | :29:40. | :29:42. | |
Government say it is lawful, they have got to set out what they | :29:43. | :29:45. | |
believe to be the legal framework to be in a clear and unconfused way and | :29:46. | :29:50. | |
they haven't done that so far. Thank you all very much. Thank you. | :29:51. | :30:00. | |
Coming up, Melanie Road's murderer has been jailed for life after an | :30:01. | :30:03. | |
investigation lasting more than three decades. We will speak to a | :30:04. | :30:07. | |
police officer who worked on the case. | :30:08. | :30:09. | |
And the five-year-olds with tooth decay. | :30:10. | :30:10. | |
We'll ask why so many young children are affected and what can be | :30:11. | :30:13. | |
Ben Brown is in the BBC Newsroom with a summary of today's news. | :30:14. | :30:26. | |
One of the leading members of the campaign to leave the EU, | :30:27. | :30:29. | |
Iain Duncan Smith, says Germany had a virtual veto over | :30:30. | :30:32. | |
David Cameron's demands during his EU referendum negotiations. | :30:33. | :30:35. | |
Mr Duncan Smith says the Prime Minister was forced | :30:36. | :30:40. | |
to abandon plans for an emergency brake on migration at the last | :30:41. | :30:43. | |
minute because Germany wouldn't back it. | :30:44. | :30:46. | |
Downing Street says Mr Cameron found a "more effective" way forward. | :30:47. | :30:51. | |
One person has been killed and three seriously injured after a man | :30:52. | :30:54. | |
attacked commuters with a knife at a train station | :30:55. | :30:56. | |
The incident happened in Grafing, east of Munich, shortly before 5am. | :30:57. | :31:09. | |
The man reportedly shouted "Allahu Akbar" during the attack. | :31:10. | :31:11. | |
Police say they have arrested a 27-year-old German national | :31:12. | :31:13. | |
suspected of carrying out the attack. | :31:14. | :31:14. | |
The legal case for the use of drone strikes against so-called | :31:15. | :31:17. | |
Islamic State terrorists needs urgent clarification, | :31:18. | :31:18. | |
A report from the Joint Committee on Human Rights says | :31:19. | :31:25. | |
the Government's policy on the use of military force outside of armed | :31:26. | :31:28. | |
It follows the killing of a British citizen who was fighting | :31:29. | :31:38. | |
for IS in Syria by an RAF drone last year. | :31:39. | :31:43. | |
A source at the Department for Education has told the BBC that a | :31:44. | :31:49. | |
rogue marker tried to lead the content of the grammar, punctuation | :31:50. | :31:52. | |
and spelling test that was being taken by all ten and 11-year-old | :31:53. | :31:54. | |
children in England this morning. The answers appeared | :31:55. | :31:59. | |
on a password-protected website and the Department says | :32:00. | :32:04. | |
the test can still go ahead as it hadn't gotten | :32:05. | :32:07. | |
into the public domain. It's the second mistake | :32:08. | :32:10. | |
involving SATs papers Police are offering a reward of | :32:11. | :32:20. | |
nearly ?10,000 in the search for Ben Needham, the Sheffield toddler who | :32:21. | :32:26. | |
disappeared on the Greek island of Kos in 1991. | :32:27. | :32:28. | |
Despite hundreds of reported sightings over the years, Ben, | :32:29. | :32:31. | |
who would now be aged 26, has not been found. | :32:32. | :32:34. | |
This morning police made a fresh appeal the information at the | :32:35. | :32:37. | |
farmhouse where he was last seen. That's a summary of the latest BBC | :32:38. | :32:40. | |
News - more at 10am. Olly Foster now has the morning's | :32:41. | :32:43. | |
sport headlines now. West Ham play their last competitive | :32:44. | :32:45. | |
match at Upton Park tonight. They move into the Olympic Stadium | :32:46. | :32:54. | |
next season but their manager Slaven Bilic has admitted | :32:55. | :32:59. | |
that it is going to be very hard to recreate the atmosphere | :33:00. | :33:02. | |
of the Boleyn Ground that makes it Manchester United will be | :33:03. | :33:05. | |
the last to experience it. They won there in the Cup last | :33:06. | :33:08. | |
month, but three points tonight would take them into the top four | :33:09. | :33:13. | |
in the league. The executive chairman | :33:14. | :33:17. | |
of the Premier League thinks the rise of football in China can | :33:18. | :33:19. | |
only be beneficial for the game. A special report by the BBC has | :33:20. | :33:22. | |
revealed the country's aim to be Heather Watson is through to | :33:23. | :33:26. | |
the second round of the Italian Open after an impressive win against top | :33:27. | :33:30. | |
20 player Sara Errani. Aljaz Bedene and Johanna Konta play | :33:31. | :33:32. | |
in the first round today. There was a team bronze | :33:33. | :33:35. | |
for Great Britain on the opening night of the European Aquatics | :33:36. | :33:38. | |
Championships in London. Matty Lee and Georgia Ward finished | :33:39. | :33:41. | |
behind Russia and Ukraine And I will have a full update in the | :33:42. | :33:45. | |
next hour. It took more than 30 | :33:46. | :33:51. | |
years for Melanie Road's It was back in 1984 | :33:52. | :33:53. | |
that the teenager from Bath was murdered as she walked home | :33:54. | :33:57. | |
from a nightclub near her home. Her killer, Christopher Hampton, | :33:58. | :34:04. | |
was not caught, and for decades he must have thought | :34:05. | :34:06. | |
he'd got away with it. That was until his daughter | :34:07. | :34:09. | |
was arrested on a minor charge years later and a DNA test on her showed | :34:10. | :34:13. | |
similarities with DNA found Yesterday 64-year-old Hampton | :34:14. | :34:15. | |
pleaded guilty to her murder and was sentenced to life | :34:16. | :34:20. | |
with a minimum term of 22 years. Melanie's mother Jean Road said | :34:21. | :34:23. | |
she thought the day I never did think she | :34:24. | :34:25. | |
would ever find him. I can't remember the exact words | :34:26. | :34:34. | |
but I do now remember saying And somehow they convinced me, | :34:35. | :34:37. | |
yes, but it is when we finally went to the court in Bath and I saw this | :34:38. | :34:45. | |
man standing and I thought, Then I realised that his wife | :34:46. | :34:50. | |
and his daughter were sitting behind me, both blonde hair, | :34:51. | :35:02. | |
the same as Melanie. How could he do that to somebody, | :35:03. | :35:08. | |
and then live with people like that I always said if I got hold of him | :35:09. | :35:13. | |
I'd strangle him or stick a knife into him and that is how I felt, | :35:14. | :35:33. | |
but I wouldn't even use I feel he should be shut up | :35:34. | :35:36. | |
in a dungeon like they used to in the olden days | :35:37. | :35:40. | |
and just left to rot, because he's not | :35:41. | :35:44. | |
worth looking after. I know that's against the law, | :35:45. | :35:48. | |
but I can think that. Detective Chief Inspector | :35:49. | :35:51. | |
Julie Mackay is from Avon She has been working on the case | :35:52. | :36:02. | |
for the last seven years. Thank you very much for joining us | :36:03. | :36:11. | |
this morning. Just an extraordinary story, you started working on the | :36:12. | :36:16. | |
case on the 25th anniversary of the murder. Complete chance in the end | :36:17. | :36:21. | |
led to this case being cracked, when his daughter had her DNA tested for | :36:22. | :36:25. | |
something else completely unrelated. Tell us about that moment, for you, | :36:26. | :36:31. | |
when that DNA match was flagged up? You can imagine, I had been working | :36:32. | :36:35. | |
on the case the six, nearly seven years, and I had consistently been | :36:36. | :36:40. | |
trying to find a match through the DNA, that was our best evidence that | :36:41. | :36:46. | |
we had. When I got the phone call to say that we finally had won, I just | :36:47. | :36:49. | |
thought about Melanie, because that is what it was all about, after all | :36:50. | :36:55. | |
those years, 31 years, it was about finding the person who had done this | :36:56. | :36:59. | |
to her, and we found him. If Christopher Hampton's daughter had | :37:00. | :37:04. | |
not given that DNA sample when she received a caution for criminal | :37:05. | :37:08. | |
damage in 2014, might the case never have been solved? There is | :37:09. | :37:11. | |
speculation about that but I always believed, from the day I started | :37:12. | :37:15. | |
investigating it, that we would solve it. I can't explain why that | :37:16. | :37:19. | |
is but I always had a good feeling I would would -- I would find who was | :37:20. | :37:24. | |
responsible and I did everything I could and used every opportunity I | :37:25. | :37:28. | |
could to achieve that, so I think eventually I would have found. I | :37:29. | :37:31. | |
don't doubt how but I think I would have found him. It was a brutal | :37:32. | :37:37. | |
murder, Melanie was just 17 and was stabbed 26 times, the judge said it | :37:38. | :37:42. | |
was for sexual gratification. You obviously have looked to see | :37:43. | :38:03. | |
whether he might have done anything else, have you turned up anything | :38:04. | :38:06. | |
else? No, nothing at all. As you would expect, when he gets arrested | :38:07. | :38:09. | |
we take is DNA, it is loaded onto the national database and | :38:10. | :38:11. | |
automatically compared against all crime scenes nationally. We also | :38:12. | :38:13. | |
have the opportunity to load partial profiles and I know that has been | :38:14. | :38:16. | |
done. There is nothing that we have, either information or evidence, to | :38:17. | :38:18. | |
link him to other crimes. It appears he has led 32 years of doing nothing | :38:19. | :38:21. | |
else. What was he like when you arrested him? Very calm, I think he | :38:22. | :38:24. | |
knew on that day. His wife had said to him, I will see you later, and he | :38:25. | :38:27. | |
said, no, you won't. She said, I will see you tomorrow, and he said, | :38:28. | :38:31. | |
no, you won't. At that moment he knew he would never go home again. | :38:32. | :38:36. | |
Do you see in key had always been waiting for a knock on the door? How | :38:37. | :38:40. | |
could you not, how could you have done something like that and not | :38:41. | :38:52. | |
think that finally... Or maybe he had become so complacently thought | :38:53. | :38:54. | |
we wouldn't. I don't know, he has never spoken, I don't know his view | :38:55. | :38:57. | |
on it. Did he say anything, what happened in the interviews? Nothing | :38:58. | :38:59. | |
at all, gave a prepared statement denying he was responsible and said | :39:00. | :39:02. | |
no comment all questions. He did not speak in court other than to plead | :39:03. | :39:08. | |
not guilty, no account whatsoever. Melanie's mum Jean says he is a | :39:09. | :39:14. | |
monster. How do you see him? I can understand why Jean says that, what | :39:15. | :39:17. | |
he did was brutal, brutal, and Melanie did not deserve that. I | :39:18. | :39:21. | |
don't understand what on earth possessed him to do that, to behave | :39:22. | :39:25. | |
like that, but Melanie, nobody deserved to be subjected to that. | :39:26. | :39:31. | |
Jean is 81 and feared she would die without seeking justice happen. I | :39:32. | :39:34. | |
just want to read the victim impact statement from Jean. She says: | :39:35. | :39:40. | |
Sleep was interrupted with constant nightmares. | :39:41. | :39:43. | |
I wandered aimlessly through the streets of Bath hoping | :39:44. | :39:46. | |
Searching the places we had visited together. | :39:47. | :39:50. | |
Where Melanie's blood was spilled, I prayed that it would not | :39:51. | :39:53. | |
rain to wash it away, and when it did I cursed the rain | :39:54. | :39:56. | |
I felt even the weather was against Melanie and the family. | :39:57. | :40:00. | |
We sat for hours traumatised by the horror of knowing Melanie | :40:01. | :40:04. | |
To never see her beautiful smile and girlish laughter | :40:05. | :40:09. | |
My husband refused to talk to me about Melanie. | :40:10. | :40:15. | |
I never knew if he discussed his feelings with anyone else | :40:16. | :40:17. | |
Therefore it was inevitable that we drifted apart. | :40:18. | :40:23. | |
Sadly Melanie's father, my husband, now lives in a haze of dementia | :40:24. | :40:26. | |
What was it like when you could finally tell her that you had found | :40:27. | :40:42. | |
the man that had done that to the family? It was an amazing day, | :40:43. | :40:46. | |
definitely one of the best days of my policing career, to be able to | :40:47. | :40:51. | |
speak to Jean and say, at last, we have found him. We knew how much it | :40:52. | :40:55. | |
would mean to her, and to Adrian and Karen, although they would never, | :40:56. | :40:59. | |
ever be able to move away from what had happened, at least this part | :41:00. | :41:03. | |
gives them some answers. Do you have any wider thoughts on the DNA | :41:04. | :41:11. | |
database and testing for it? Because it was a random element that ended | :41:12. | :41:18. | |
up with his daughter's DNA being tested, and that's leading to the | :41:19. | :41:21. | |
match. Do you think there should perhaps be more widespread testing | :41:22. | :41:26. | |
when DNA obviously can potentially unlock a case like this? It is | :41:27. | :41:31. | |
difficult to balance what is available to us through science, to | :41:32. | :41:38. | |
balance what is available to us through funding, it would cost a lot | :41:39. | :41:41. | |
of money to do this, and also against the desire to have justice | :41:42. | :41:45. | |
for any unsolved crime. In this case, Melanie Road, and for some | :41:46. | :41:51. | |
others as well that I have been involved in. I think what we have to | :41:52. | :41:57. | |
do is look at each investigation and identify what is the most efficient | :41:58. | :42:01. | |
and effective way to identify the offender, and if that is through | :42:02. | :42:07. | |
mass DNA testing them I am all for it, but it is hard, it is something | :42:08. | :42:11. | |
that takes a lot of resources and we need a lot of support to do it, so | :42:12. | :42:15. | |
it is not an easy route to take and if there were other ways of | :42:16. | :42:19. | |
achieving it then naturally we take them, but whatever it takes | :42:20. | :42:22. | |
hopefully, usually, we get there. What will stay with you from this | :42:23. | :42:30. | |
case? That is a hard question. I think the satisfaction that I was | :42:31. | :42:35. | |
the one who found him, the satisfaction that Jean and Karen and | :42:36. | :42:41. | |
Adrian finally know who was responsible, that means so much to | :42:42. | :42:48. | |
them. And really, finally, for Melanie, that even after 32 years | :42:49. | :42:52. | |
the person who did this to her has been caught. DCI Julie Mackay, thank | :42:53. | :42:59. | |
you very much for joining us this morning. | :43:00. | :43:03. | |
Figures out this morning have shown the number of five-year-olds with | :43:04. | :43:08. | |
rotten teeth has fallen but there are still big regional variations. | :43:09. | :43:12. | |
The latest information comes from Public Health England. | :43:13. | :43:14. | |
We'll be speaking to them in a moment. | :43:15. | :43:15. | |
It's a story we've covered on this programme before when it emerged | :43:16. | :43:18. | |
that dental decay is the biggest single reason for five | :43:19. | :43:21. | |
to nine-year-olds being admitted to hospital. | :43:22. | :43:22. | |
We heard from mother-of-two Dr Rachel Maynard who said | :43:23. | :43:25. | |
she was shocked and embarrassed after discovering her five-year-old | :43:26. | :43:27. | |
You want your child to become independent and be able to do these | :43:28. | :43:38. | |
things, so we tried to supervise his teeth brushing but we were letting | :43:39. | :43:41. | |
him do a lot of it himself. So the issue was the teeth at the back that | :43:42. | :43:46. | |
were difficult to get to? And especially the upper ones, children | :43:47. | :43:48. | |
often don't think about the upper ones when they are doing the bottom | :43:49. | :43:53. | |
teeth. What did it mean for Emily? We haven't had the same problems, | :43:54. | :43:58. | |
they have a very similar diet, obviously, and teeth brushing we | :43:59. | :44:04. | |
have done the same. But I think it is obviously different from child to | :44:05. | :44:08. | |
child to how their teeth are affected by it. Sam has a slightly | :44:09. | :44:12. | |
sweeter tooth, he likes his sweet food slightly more than Emily does. | :44:13. | :44:17. | |
It is difficult, because it is finding things that they can eat | :44:18. | :44:21. | |
that are good for their diet but not bad for their teeth. Because the | :44:22. | :44:24. | |
teeth are at the back, could you even see what was going on? I had no | :44:25. | :44:31. | |
idea. When was the first union? When the dentist showed me with the | :44:32. | :44:35. | |
mirror. They were very badly decayed, I was shocked and upset | :44:36. | :44:39. | |
that they were as bad as they were. It is difficult, you cannot see into | :44:40. | :44:44. | |
the back of the property is very easily, and I assumed that they | :44:45. | :44:47. | |
would look similar to the ones at the bottom, which you can see much | :44:48. | :44:51. | |
more easily, but they were bad and I was surprised. So he is now | :44:52. | :44:56. | |
waiting... Yes, to have two teeth taken out. You would presumably | :44:57. | :44:59. | |
advise parents to check with the Mirror? I was certainly very | :45:00. | :45:03. | |
surprised how different the bottom and the top could be. Then things | :45:04. | :45:08. | |
like making sure you are brushing your child's teeth, which we did do | :45:09. | :45:14. | |
at times, when we allowed him to brushes own teeth, and the other | :45:15. | :45:19. | |
thing is going to the dentist sooner than we did. When we took Emily at a | :45:20. | :45:25. | |
similar age, slightly younger, there were no problems and they said, that | :45:26. | :45:29. | |
is fine, comeback in a period of time, but each child is different | :45:30. | :45:33. | |
and when we went for Sam's appointment things were bad compared | :45:34. | :45:34. | |
with when we took a minute. Dr Sandra White, from | :45:35. | :45:40. | |
Public Health England is here. Tell us what the figures are? So the | :45:41. | :45:52. | |
report is good news. We have found that less than a quarter of the | :45:53. | :45:56. | |
children examined, the five-year-old children, had got dental decay. | :45:57. | :46:00. | |
Although one in four children with dental decay is too many, one child | :46:01. | :46:05. | |
with dental decay is too many. That's an improvement from where we | :46:06. | :46:09. | |
were looking at the same sort of methods from 2008 when there was a | :46:10. | :46:11. | |
third of the children with dental decay. When you say it is good news | :46:12. | :46:17. | |
that one in four, five-year-olds have got dental decay, it doesn't | :46:18. | :46:20. | |
sound like that on the face of it. The trend is downwards. Why is that? | :46:21. | :46:25. | |
That is happening? People are more aware of what causes dental decay. | :46:26. | :46:31. | |
Parents and society are away of the impact of sugar on teeth. People are | :46:32. | :46:36. | |
more aware of how protective fluid can be, so fluoride toothpaste so | :46:37. | :46:40. | |
that collective knowledge helps that people are trying to avoid sugary, | :46:41. | :46:45. | |
particularly sugary drinks for children. A lot of the proportion of | :46:46. | :46:49. | |
the sugar, they are having three times the amount of sugar that they | :46:50. | :46:55. | |
shouldn't behaving. What have the trends been over the years? Have the | :46:56. | :46:59. | |
figures got worse before they got better? It has been a steady | :47:00. | :47:04. | |
downward trend. From a methodology from 2008, we have had a three | :47:05. | :47:10. | |
points now where the dental decay has gone down from a third of our | :47:11. | :47:14. | |
five-year-olds to a quarter of our five-year-olds. We have still got to | :47:15. | :47:18. | |
make sure we continue to try and ensure that no child gets dental | :47:19. | :47:23. | |
decay. Where do you point the finer of responsibility, is it parents not | :47:24. | :47:27. | |
cleaning their kids teeth or Government policy? It is everybody's | :47:28. | :47:30. | |
business. Parents have a key role in this. They need to watch what their | :47:31. | :47:33. | |
children are eating and particularly drinking. They need to encourage | :47:34. | :47:38. | |
them to brush their teeth and help them, and brush their teeth | :47:39. | :47:41. | |
themselves when they are young children with a thrur ride | :47:42. | :47:45. | |
toothpaste. They need to ensure they get them to the dentist early. As | :47:46. | :47:48. | |
the last lady was saying, before the age of one. As soon as the first | :47:49. | :47:53. | |
tooth erupts, it needs to be brushed and get them to the dentist. Public | :47:54. | :47:59. | |
Health England provided evidence based information for dentists to | :48:00. | :48:02. | |
inform their patients. Our local authorities have got the | :48:03. | :48:06. | |
responsibility for improving the population's dental health. There is | :48:07. | :48:12. | |
a lot of interventions across the country around toothbrushing schemes | :48:13. | :48:16. | |
and thrur ride varnish schemes to improve things of the it is | :48:17. | :48:23. | |
everybody's business from health visitors and grandmas and grandpas, | :48:24. | :48:31. | |
everybody. Will the sugar drinks tax make a difference? There was a | :48:32. | :48:36. | |
report produced with eight recommendations alongside looking at | :48:37. | :48:38. | |
the amount of marketing and advertising and reform lation, a | :48:39. | :48:43. | |
sugar levy was in there as something that was evidence based and worked | :48:44. | :48:47. | |
in other areas. So you like it. It is just for sugary drinks though, do | :48:48. | :48:50. | |
you think it should be rolled out more? When you look at the | :48:51. | :48:54. | |
proportion of where children get their sugar from. A huge proportion | :48:55. | :48:58. | |
of their daily intake, if you look at children, is from sugary drinks. | :48:59. | :49:02. | |
And fruit juices. It is really important we hit that first. In the | :49:03. | :49:06. | |
end then, don't you just say to the parents actually, take | :49:07. | :49:10. | |
responsibility, just don't wait for a sugary drinks tax, don't give your | :49:11. | :49:14. | |
kids those drinks? Of course, it would be wonderful if everybody gave | :49:15. | :49:18. | |
their children water and low-fat milks, that would be marvellous and | :49:19. | :49:22. | |
made sure they had a healthy diet. The advertising and the marketing is | :49:23. | :49:26. | |
attractive to parents. And you know, you have a child at the check-out | :49:27. | :49:30. | |
that's asking for things and it is quite difficult sometimes for | :49:31. | :49:34. | |
parents. I said, it is the rotten teeth is the biggest reason for | :49:35. | :49:38. | |
children being admitted to hospital between five and nine. Is it the | :49:39. | :49:44. | |
same for five-year-olds and under? Even before five, children are | :49:45. | :49:49. | |
having general anaesthetics to have multiple teeth out. Sometimes we did | :49:50. | :49:53. | |
a three-year-old survey a couple of years ago and that showed 12% of our | :49:54. | :49:56. | |
three-year-olds and they have only just had their teeth through at | :49:57. | :50:01. | |
three, are having dental decay and are having to have general | :50:02. | :50:05. | |
anaesthetics and that's a tragedy because they will enter school | :50:06. | :50:08. | |
without teeth or rotten teeth and that can affect how they socialise | :50:09. | :50:11. | |
and talk and how they play with other children, it really does have | :50:12. | :50:16. | |
an impact. Our faces are a mirror to us and if we smile with a nice | :50:17. | :50:22. | |
smile, it makes a big difference when we start school. So it is | :50:23. | :50:24. | |
important we get it right. Iain Duncan Smith claims David | :50:25. | :50:35. | |
Cameron had to aban attempts to curb migrants from Europe. We will bring | :50:36. | :50:39. | |
you his speech about why he believes Britain should leave the European | :50:40. | :50:40. | |
Union. A source at the Department of | :50:41. | :50:59. | |
Education said it believed a rogue marker briefly placed the test on a | :51:00. | :51:03. | |
password frogted site to undermine Government reforms. The department | :51:04. | :51:07. | |
says the integrity of the test has not been compromised and schools | :51:08. | :51:09. | |
should deliver it as planned. Lucy Powell is the Shadow Education | :51:10. | :51:13. | |
Secretary and she joins me now. What do you think? Should kids be | :51:14. | :51:21. | |
sitting the test today after what happened? Look, they are sitting the | :51:22. | :51:25. | |
test today, but it brings into serious question whether this test | :51:26. | :51:30. | |
has got validity and whether it should be used going forward to hold | :51:31. | :51:35. | |
schools and children to account because I think if there has been | :51:36. | :51:40. | |
this serious security breach which there clearly has, it is hard to | :51:41. | :51:43. | |
know, I think it is hard for the department to even know who had | :51:44. | :51:47. | |
sight of the test beforehand with all the correct answers on there as | :51:48. | :51:51. | |
well and whether it will have been used to help some children today, | :51:52. | :51:58. | |
but I think it comes in a long line of frankly DIS asters that the | :51:59. | :52:01. | |
Government have overseen with the SATs which is why we are seeing a | :52:02. | :52:06. | |
loss of confidence amongst headteachers, teachers and parents | :52:07. | :52:09. | |
where this year's SATs tests which is a huge regret. The Department for | :52:10. | :52:18. | |
Education is suggesting it is deliberate sabotage. A source said, | :52:19. | :52:22. | |
"The test doesn't appear to have been leaked into the public domain, | :52:23. | :52:26. | |
but a rogue marker attempted to leak the test contents. It is clear there | :52:27. | :52:31. | |
is an active campaign by people opposed to our campaign to raise | :52:32. | :52:37. | |
standards." What do you think if there was a campaign like that. What | :52:38. | :52:40. | |
is clear, there is a huge loss of confidence in this year's SATs | :52:41. | :52:45. | |
tests. Why is that? My own, our eldest child took his SATs tests | :52:46. | :52:50. | |
last year and we all understood the SATs test last year and since then | :52:51. | :52:53. | |
the Government have abandoned, they got rid of the old levels, those who | :52:54. | :52:59. | |
have got parents in school that remember the 1A, 31, 4A, system of | :53:00. | :53:05. | |
checking your child's progress through primary school. They got rid | :53:06. | :53:07. | |
of that and replaced it with nothing. They brought in a new clum | :53:08. | :53:13. | |
too quickly. -- curriculum too quickly. That's why the Government | :53:14. | :53:18. | |
had to make 82 clarifications on this year's SATs tests since | :53:19. | :53:20. | |
September. That's the equivalent of changing the goal posts every other | :53:21. | :53:25. | |
working day since September. They, there was a leak of the Key Stage 1 | :53:26. | :53:30. | |
SATs tests. The spelling test that was due to be sat last week. So the | :53:31. | :53:34. | |
Government had toy an don't that test. Nicky Morgan last weekend when | :53:35. | :53:39. | |
she spoke to headteachers had to change the goal posts on how schools | :53:40. | :53:44. | |
would be judged on SATs tests of the it is chaos out there in primary | :53:45. | :53:48. | |
school at the moment and it is no wonder this loss of confidence is | :53:49. | :53:51. | |
besetting the exams. You said you are a parent too. So you see this | :53:52. | :53:56. | |
not just as Shadow Education Secretary, but also as a parent. Do | :53:57. | :54:00. | |
you think kids are under too much pressure? Do you have sympathy with | :54:01. | :54:03. | |
the parents that took their children out of school for a day in protest | :54:04. | :54:08. | |
at this? I wouldn't condone any parent taking their children out of | :54:09. | :54:12. | |
school for the day, but I do understand how difficult it is to | :54:13. | :54:16. | |
prepare your child for tests when the goal posts are constantly | :54:17. | :54:21. | |
changing. What we have been seeing with year's SATs tests is how | :54:22. | :54:25. | |
unfamiliar the tests are to the children sitting they will. We heard | :54:26. | :54:30. | |
with the reading test of the brightest kids really struggling | :54:31. | :54:33. | |
with the test yesterday because tests are not about being so hard | :54:34. | :54:39. | |
that no one can actually sit them, tests should be about putting to | :54:40. | :54:43. | |
test the learning goals that you have abeen working towards | :54:44. | :54:45. | |
throughout the school year and that's just not what's been | :54:46. | :54:48. | |
happening. There has been a lot, hasn't there, about the sort of | :54:49. | :54:50. | |
questions being asked. Even David Cameron was asked one of them in the | :54:51. | :54:54. | |
Commons. You looked at the questions, can you answer them? Do | :54:55. | :54:56. | |
you think the standards are too high for young kids? I don't think it is | :54:57. | :55:00. | |
a question of whether the standards are high. I think this is a | :55:01. | :55:07. | |
misnomer, it is a question of, are there understandable and consistent | :55:08. | :55:10. | |
learning goals that are children are working towards and that they | :55:11. | :55:12. | |
understand when they are reaching the goals and when they want to | :55:13. | :55:17. | |
surpass the goals? The change isn't happening if it is being taught and | :55:18. | :55:21. | |
there are tests, that's indicating, isn't it, certain goals and levels? | :55:22. | :55:25. | |
Well, no, because what the Government have done is thrown the | :55:26. | :55:27. | |
entire primary assessment system up in the air. They have replaced it | :55:28. | :55:32. | |
with nothing. So they have anything but a robust assessment and testing | :55:33. | :55:38. | |
regime at the moment because it is totally not being understood by | :55:39. | :55:43. | |
teachers let alone parents. So it is really hard to give those clear | :55:44. | :55:47. | |
learning goals throughout a child's school life and throughout their | :55:48. | :55:51. | |
year 6 as is the case of the ten-year-olds today because the goal | :55:52. | :55:55. | |
posts are constantly changing because ministers are directly | :55:56. | :55:59. | |
meddling in the curriculum and in the SATs. In the spirit of trying to | :56:00. | :56:03. | |
make it harder, but they are not making it harder, they are making it | :56:04. | :56:08. | |
inpresent trable and incomprehensible and not | :56:09. | :56:10. | |
understandable and therefore, kids are struggling to sit them. A | :56:11. | :56:14. | |
spokesman for the Department for Education says the tests should not | :56:15. | :56:20. | |
be be a cause of stress for pupils. The truth is if they don't master | :56:21. | :56:24. | |
literacy and numeracy early on, they risk being held behind and | :56:25. | :56:27. | |
struggling for the rest of their lives. We're determined to prevent | :56:28. | :56:31. | |
this by helping every child reach their full potential? No one is a | :56:32. | :56:36. | |
more pushy parent than me when it comes to wanting high expectations | :56:37. | :56:39. | |
for all of our children and I would make no apology for that as well, | :56:40. | :56:44. | |
but a robust assessment system has to be consistent. It has to be | :56:45. | :56:49. | |
understandable. It has to have clear learning goals within it. So that | :56:50. | :56:53. | |
children can stretch themselves and teachers can be stretching the | :56:54. | :56:57. | |
children to meet the goals and you ask any headteacher at the moment in | :56:58. | :57:04. | |
prime eand any teacher and everyone is stabbing in the dark as to what | :57:05. | :57:07. | |
the levels are that are required. The Government has done this | :57:08. | :57:10. | |
meddling consistently and throughout the year and it left the whole | :57:11. | :57:14. | |
system in disarray. We teach our children, don't we, to apologise | :57:15. | :57:18. | |
when they make mistake and I think ministers today, you know, given the | :57:19. | :57:25. | |
extent of all these mistakes they have made with the SATs should | :57:26. | :57:29. | |
apologise to the ten and 11-year-olds who they caused stress | :57:30. | :57:33. | |
and anxiety to. Have you come across kids crying about this because they | :57:34. | :57:37. | |
are so stressed? There are lots of stories just yesterday with the | :57:38. | :57:41. | |
reading SATs test I have had people contact me from Manchester. We have | :57:42. | :57:47. | |
seen lots of things being posted online about children, even the | :57:48. | :57:51. | |
brightest children are struggling to even understand what was expected of | :57:52. | :57:54. | |
them with this test yesterday. That's not what testing is about. | :57:55. | :57:58. | |
Testing is about have I learned and achieved my learning goals for my | :57:59. | :58:02. | |
primary school it is sn it is not about being presented with an | :58:03. | :58:06. | |
unfamiliar test that you are struggling to even access because | :58:07. | :58:09. | |
the Government have changed the goal posts all the way. Lucy Powell, | :58:10. | :58:12. | |
thank you very much. Let's get the latest | :58:13. | :58:16. | |
weather update with Carol. It has been so sunny, what's in | :58:17. | :58:25. | |
store today? It lass been mixed fortunes. Now it is the turn of the | :58:26. | :58:29. | |
north of the country to have the gorgeous sunny weather. Let me show | :58:30. | :58:32. | |
you some pictures or BBC Weather Watchers sent N this is from the | :58:33. | :58:36. | |
Isle of Skye. How idyllic does that look? Isn't it just perfect. It was | :58:37. | :58:45. | |
the Isle of Skye's warmest May ever! That's a good stat. This is from | :58:46. | :58:51. | |
Aberdeenshire. You can see the lovely blue sky. We have got the on | :58:52. | :58:56. | |
shore breeze, so that's pegging the temperatures back a bit. Coming | :58:57. | :59:01. | |
further south, talking about mixed fortunes, again from this morning, | :59:02. | :59:05. | |
another picture of Durham. Fairly cloudy. We are looking at some rain. | :59:06. | :59:09. | |
Rain in Windsor this morning and fairly cloudy. It looked like | :59:10. | :59:16. | |
someone's car windscreen. It is. Well spotted. So it is mixed | :59:17. | :59:22. | |
fortunes dead pend on where you are and that's going to be the story for | :59:23. | :59:29. | |
the rest of the day. What we have today is mixed fortunes. In England | :59:30. | :59:32. | |
and Wales, there is a lot of cloud. We've got rain and also some | :59:33. | :59:34. | |
showers. There are some brighter skies as well. But where the sun | :59:35. | :59:38. | |
comes out in the south for example, that will spark off some showers | :59:39. | :59:42. | |
later on. They could be heavy and thundery through the afternoon. So | :59:43. | :59:46. | |
we've got the rain moving slowly northwards and we ares wards. To the | :59:47. | :59:49. | |
north of that, as we saw on the satellite picture, there is quite a | :59:50. | :59:53. | |
bit of cloud across parts of Northern England. That could produce | :59:54. | :59:56. | |
showers. We could see showers across Northern Ireland. For Scotland, it | :59:57. | :59:59. | |
will be dry and here we will have the highest temperatures again. 24 | :00:00. | :00:03. | |
Celsius maybe 25 Celsius. Around the East Coast, we have got the on shore | :00:04. | :00:07. | |
breeze taking the temperatures downment for Northern Ireland, and | :00:08. | :00:10. | |
Northern England, again a fine day for most. But still that chill in | :00:11. | :00:16. | |
the east with one or two showers. This a band of rain advancing | :00:17. | :00:20. | |
northwards and towards the west and some of that will be heavy and | :00:21. | :00:24. | |
thundery. And then as temperatures rise in the south-west, we're | :00:25. | :00:28. | |
looking at some further torrential downpours which could be thundery. | :00:29. | :00:35. | |
Something to be aware of. The showers, so not all of us will see | :00:36. | :00:38. | |
them. We hang on to the rain band, but it is breaking up. For the north | :00:39. | :00:43. | |
of the country, some clearer skies and mist and fog forming, but there | :00:44. | :00:46. | |
will be a bit of coastal fog and hill fog along the South Coast for | :00:47. | :00:52. | |
example. Now, through tomorrow, our whole system continues to move north | :00:53. | :00:55. | |
and west, continuing to break up. There will be showers around, but | :00:56. | :00:58. | |
there will be more sunshine where we've got the rain today and that's | :00:59. | :01:02. | |
reflected in the temperatures. Still dry and sunny across the north of | :01:03. | :01:07. | |
the country through Scotland and the west seeing the highest temperatures | :01:08. | :01:10. | |
and still the easterly breeze down the East Coast taking the edge of | :01:11. | :01:13. | |
the temperatures. For Thursday, a drier, and a brighter day. Still | :01:14. | :01:17. | |
cooler with the breeze from the east. There will be sunshine around. | :01:18. | :01:22. | |
We might catch the odd shower coming in across Cornwall and possibly | :01:23. | :01:26. | |
Devon at times. Warming up in the south. A high of 24 Celsius. | :01:27. | :01:30. | |
Temperatures will come down across the western Highlands. In Glasgow, | :01:31. | :01:35. | |
for example, we are looking at 18 Celsius and Belfast 16 Celsius. Then | :01:36. | :01:39. | |
as we go through the rest of the week, is this warm weather going to | :01:40. | :01:44. | |
last? No, not for the weekend. We see this blue Huw return to the | :01:45. | :01:47. | |
charts indicating temperatures are coming down, but only temporarily. | :01:48. | :01:53. | |
Hello, it's 10am, I'm Joanna Gosling - | :01:54. | :01:56. | |
welcome to the programme if you've just joined us. | :01:57. | :01:58. | |
A senior Conservative - claims David Cameron had to abandon | :01:59. | :02:02. | |
attempts to curb migration from Europe after protests | :02:03. | :02:04. | |
Iain Duncan Smith will shortly make a speech about why he believes | :02:05. | :02:09. | |
Britain should leave the European Union. | :02:10. | :02:13. | |
Saps test being taken in English primary school survey is leaked | :02:14. | :02:24. | |
online, officials launched a campaign and say -- Lodge and best | :02:25. | :02:30. | |
edition adds a rogue marker determined to undermine the test is | :02:31. | :02:31. | |
to blame. Should our Government target | :02:32. | :02:34. | |
suspected terrorists thousands of miles away, | :02:35. | :02:35. | |
using drone strikes? MPs are concerned that such attacks | :02:36. | :02:37. | |
outside warzones could fall foul Was the intelligence service's | :02:38. | :02:48. | |
information right? Was this the right person that they did kill? Was | :02:49. | :02:54. | |
it necessary? I think we need that independent check because if the | :02:55. | :02:58. | |
state is taking a life, even to protect lives, it is a serious | :02:59. | :03:01. | |
matter and there needs to be an independent check afterwards. | :03:02. | :03:09. | |
Here's Ben Brown in the BBC Newsroom with a summary of today's news. | :03:10. | :03:14. | |
One of the leading members of the campaign to leave the EU, | :03:15. | :03:17. | |
Iain Duncan Smith, says Germany had a virtual veto over David Cameron's | :03:18. | :03:20. | |
demands during his EU referendum negotiations. | :03:21. | :03:24. | |
Mr Duncan Smith says the Prime Minister was forced | :03:25. | :03:26. | |
to abandon plans for an emergency brake on migration at the last | :03:27. | :03:30. | |
minute because Germany would not back it. | :03:31. | :03:32. | |
Downing Street says Mr Cameron found a "more effective" way forward. | :03:33. | :03:48. | |
The Department for Education says it is urgently investigating the leak | :03:49. | :03:53. | |
of a saps test for children aged ten and 11 in England. | :03:54. | :03:59. | |
A source at the Department for Education has told the BBC that | :04:00. | :04:02. | |
a 'rogue marker' leaked the answers to a SATs paper on grammar, | :04:03. | :04:13. | |
punctuation and spelling online to undermine the tests and reforms. | :04:14. | :04:16. | |
It's the second time that an upcoming SATs paper has been | :04:17. | :04:19. | |
published online in the past three weeks. | :04:20. | :04:21. | |
One person has been killed and three seriously injured after a man | :04:22. | :04:24. | |
attacked commuters with a knife at a train station | :04:25. | :04:26. | |
The incident happened in Grafing, east of Munich, shortly before 5am. | :04:27. | :04:29. | |
The man reportedly shouted "Allahu Akbar" during the attack. | :04:30. | :04:32. | |
Police say they have arrested a 27-year-old German national | :04:33. | :04:34. | |
suspected of carrying out the attack. | :04:35. | :04:35. | |
The legal case for the use of drone strikes against so-called | :04:36. | :04:38. | |
Islamic State terrorists needs urgent clarification, | :04:39. | :04:39. | |
A report from the Joint Committee on Human Rights says | :04:40. | :04:43. | |
the Government's policy on the use of military force outside of armed | :04:44. | :04:46. | |
It follows the killing of a British citizen who was fighting | :04:47. | :04:50. | |
for IS in Syria by an RAF drone last year. | :04:51. | :04:58. | |
Police are offering a reward of nearly ?10,000 in the search | :04:59. | :05:01. | |
for Ben Needham, the toddler from Sheffield who disappeared | :05:02. | :05:03. | |
Despite hundreds of reported sightings over the years, Ben, | :05:04. | :05:08. | |
who would now be aged 26, has not been found. | :05:09. | :05:13. | |
This morning officers from South Yorkshire Police made | :05:14. | :05:15. | |
a new appeal for information at the farmhouse where | :05:16. | :05:17. | |
The number of five-year-olds suffering from tooth decay | :05:18. | :05:24. | |
in England has dropped to its lowest level in almost a decade but there | :05:25. | :05:28. | |
The oral health survey for Publich Health England suggests | :05:29. | :05:32. | |
that in the North West a third of five-year-olds | :05:33. | :05:34. | |
suffer from tooth decay, whereas only a fifth do | :05:35. | :05:37. | |
Doctor Sandra White from Public Health England told this programme | :05:38. | :05:46. | |
people were thinking more about the damage that sugar can do. I think | :05:47. | :05:51. | |
people are more aware of what causes dental decay. Parents and society | :05:52. | :05:53. | |
are aware of the impact of sugar on teeth, people are | :05:54. | :06:17. | |
more aware of how protective fluoride can be, so fluoride | :06:18. | :06:19. | |
toothpaste, and so that collective knowledge helps, that people are | :06:20. | :06:21. | |
trying to avoid particularly sugary drinks for children. A lot of the | :06:22. | :06:24. | |
proportion of the sugar, they have three times the amount of sugar they | :06:25. | :06:27. | |
should be having and a lot of that comes from sugary drinks. | :06:28. | :06:29. | |
That's a summary of the latest BBC News - more at 10.30am. | :06:30. | :06:33. | |
Lots of you getting in touch about those figures on rotten teeth. I | :06:34. | :06:40. | |
exist, it is not new, I worked in community dental in the 1980s and | :06:41. | :06:44. | |
the lists were always fall for extraction is for children. John has | :06:45. | :06:49. | |
tweeted, what indeed is down to parents, sugary substances, lack of | :06:50. | :06:52. | |
cleaning and no dentist visits. Clint says, it is down to lazy | :06:53. | :06:56. | |
parenting, my mum would not let me out of the house when I was younger | :06:57. | :07:00. | |
until my teeth were brushed. Peter says, mothers today give their | :07:01. | :07:05. | |
children dummies to suck even at two to five years old which has | :07:06. | :07:07. | |
detrimental affect on their teeth. Also, why did children need to eat | :07:08. | :07:13. | |
sweets if they have had three good meals a day? | :07:14. | :07:15. | |
Do get in touch with us throughout the morning on everything we are | :07:16. | :07:16. | |
talking about. If you text, you will be charged | :07:17. | :07:20. | |
at the standard network rate. It promises to be an emotional | :07:21. | :07:25. | |
night in East London - West Ham play their last competitive | :07:26. | :07:39. | |
match at Upton Park tonight. They won there in the Cup last | :07:40. | :07:41. | |
month, but three points tonight would take them into the top four | :07:42. | :07:46. | |
in the league. Not so much riding on the result | :07:47. | :07:48. | |
for the Hammers but, of course, wouldn't they love to go out | :07:49. | :07:51. | |
on a high. They move into the Olympic stadium | :07:52. | :07:53. | |
next season but their manager has admitted that it is | :07:54. | :07:56. | |
going to be very, very hard to recreate the atmosphere | :07:57. | :07:58. | |
of the Boleyn Ground that makes it You are losing something, it is | :07:59. | :08:06. | |
going to be impossible to make a fortress of the Olympic Stadium | :08:07. | :08:16. | |
because that is a little bit of hostile atmosphere, to be a bit | :08:17. | :08:19. | |
intimidating for the away team. Forget about it, no chance. Choose | :08:20. | :08:27. | |
stay we have to play against an opponent who says goodbye to the | :08:28. | :08:32. | |
stadium, so they don't want to lose in the old stadium. They have | :08:33. | :08:36. | |
already lost to Manchester United in the last FA match, that is also | :08:37. | :08:43. | |
history, so it is not good for us. And West Ham United is a very good | :08:44. | :08:50. | |
team. United and West Ham will be playing Burnley next season in the | :08:51. | :08:54. | |
Premier League. Their big night did not go to plan, we showed you what | :08:55. | :08:58. | |
happened in the last hour. They won the title, had their troppo | :08:59. | :09:02. | |
presentation last night, 27 players went to pick up the medals except | :09:03. | :09:06. | |
there were only 25 being given out. One of those missing out was Joey | :09:07. | :09:10. | |
Barton, their Player of the Season. He did not seem best pleased at the | :09:11. | :09:14. | |
time but look at this, he posted this picture with his family, and | :09:15. | :09:18. | |
medal around his neck. Probably best not to regulate where he got it | :09:19. | :09:25. | |
from! I still think two players probably do not have a medal this | :09:26. | :09:27. | |
morning -- Bubba be best not to speculate will stop it is important | :09:28. | :09:31. | |
they all get their medals, I'm glad he got it, that was a great picture. | :09:32. | :09:39. | |
German prosecutors say that one of four people stabbed at a train | :09:40. | :09:42. | |
station in Grafing near Munich has died. Was due to say it appears to | :09:43. | :09:50. | |
have had an Islamist motive. -- prosecutors say. That's good our | :09:51. | :09:55. | |
correspondent. Why do they said there was an Islamist motive? | :09:56. | :10:01. | |
There are two reasons, one is that two statement eyewitnesses say the | :10:02. | :10:04. | |
man issued while attacking commuters on this train, first of all he is | :10:05. | :10:08. | |
reported to have shouted out God is great in Arabic, and also in German, | :10:09. | :10:15. | |
according to one journalist who has spoken to eyewitnesses there, also, | :10:16. | :10:20. | |
you are all unbelievers, in German. This was a 27-year-old German man | :10:21. | :10:23. | |
who is now being questioned by police. Police say he is not | :10:24. | :10:28. | |
talking, not giving any permission, but the authorities here suspect, | :10:29. | :10:34. | |
they say it is a politically motivated attack, but the big | :10:35. | :10:39. | |
question is whether it is an Islamist motivated attack, the big | :10:40. | :10:42. | |
fear here in Europe since the Brussels and Paris terror attacks | :10:43. | :10:48. | |
recently. The problem is that if he is not talking we don't really know, | :10:49. | :10:52. | |
and all the conjecture so far is only based on these eyewitness | :10:53. | :10:56. | |
reports. They had not been confirmed. What we do know is he got | :10:57. | :11:00. | |
on the train, he wielded a knife with a ten centimetre blade, he | :11:01. | :11:07. | |
randomly attacked commuters, he then got out onto the platform, started | :11:08. | :11:11. | |
attacking more people, and then he tried to attack some cyclists. So | :11:12. | :11:16. | |
far one person has died, three people are injured, one of them | :11:17. | :11:19. | |
quite seriously. What concerns have there been about | :11:20. | :11:25. | |
extremism in Germany? A lot of concerns. Since the terror | :11:26. | :11:30. | |
attacks in Paris and Brussels, that has been a big topic here, German | :11:31. | :11:34. | |
authorities said the country effectively is in a state of high | :11:35. | :11:38. | |
alert, but actually there has been a fear of an Islamist terror attack in | :11:39. | :11:43. | |
Germany since 9/11, and there have been lots of questions asked as to | :11:44. | :11:47. | |
why there hasn't been a major terror attack here so far. One question | :11:48. | :11:52. | |
might be whether it is simply because the security forces are so | :11:53. | :11:58. | |
efficient. Other people really point to the fact that there is a large | :11:59. | :12:02. | |
Muslim speaking community -- Muslim community here, but that is a | :12:03. | :12:11. | |
Turkish community, not traditionally more extremist. There are lots of | :12:12. | :12:14. | |
questions as to why there hasn't been a major terror attack so far, | :12:15. | :12:19. | |
and that is exactly why today's incident is so worrying for people, | :12:20. | :12:23. | |
because what we have had over the last few months is a few minor | :12:24. | :12:26. | |
attacks where even teenagers have wielded knives and the worry is that | :12:27. | :12:32. | |
there is some sort of momentum growing and that a terror attack is | :12:33. | :12:36. | |
on the way, said this incident this morning, the authorities are taking | :12:37. | :12:38. | |
this extremely seriously indeed. Thank you. | :12:39. | :12:42. | |
With just over six weeks to go until the EU referendum, former | :12:43. | :12:45. | |
Welfare Secretary Iain Duncan Smith is about to make a speech about why | :12:46. | :12:48. | |
he believes Britain should leave the European Union. | :12:49. | :12:50. | |
We'll have that speech live for you - but first we can speak | :12:51. | :12:53. | |
to our political guru Norman Smith, who's there. | :12:54. | :12:59. | |
In the rain, poor you! He has been talking this morning, saying that | :13:00. | :13:09. | |
Angela Merkel tide David Cameron's hands over the EU renegotiation. | :13:10. | :13:14. | |
Tell us what he is claiming? What Iain Duncan Smith is in effect | :13:15. | :13:18. | |
saying is that when Mr Cameron tried to negotiate his EU deal basically | :13:19. | :13:22. | |
the German Chancellor had a veto, she was given sight of what he was | :13:23. | :13:26. | |
proposing and if he did not like it then Mr Cameron dropped it. | :13:27. | :13:31. | |
Specifically, says Mr Duncan Smith, this idea of an emergency brake to | :13:32. | :13:35. | |
stop EU migrants coming into Britain. Mr Cameron, says Mr Duncan | :13:36. | :13:40. | |
Smith, was going to include that in his demand but when he ran it passed | :13:41. | :13:42. | |
Mrs Merkel, she said, no, no, we cannot have that, | :13:43. | :13:59. | |
we will not agree to that, and the plan was dropped. Number Ten have | :14:00. | :14:01. | |
not categorically denied that there was German involvement in the | :14:02. | :14:03. | |
negotiations, but they say they don't recognise what Mr Duncan Smith | :14:04. | :14:06. | |
is saying. He is arguing that the deal which Mr Cameron so | :14:07. | :14:08. | |
painstakingly negotiated may actually have weakened our position | :14:09. | :14:10. | |
is not just in terms of migrants but also in terms of the position of the | :14:11. | :14:14. | |
city, because he says that Mr Cameron surrendered the power | :14:15. | :14:18. | |
Britain has the block further eurozone integration, that is | :14:19. | :14:23. | |
countries in the Euro harmonising their banking call was more tightly, | :14:24. | :14:27. | |
and that, it is argued, is a direct threat to the City of London. Let me | :14:28. | :14:32. | |
just flag up to you, I think what he said this morning will be superseded | :14:33. | :14:36. | |
by what he is about to say in the next ten or 15 minutes, because I | :14:37. | :14:40. | |
have had a look at the speech, I cannot tell you exactly what is in | :14:41. | :14:46. | |
it but it is a fundamental new argument in the whole EU referendum | :14:47. | :14:50. | |
debate. What is interesting is Mr Duncan Smith appears to be trying to | :14:51. | :14:54. | |
make a pitch for those critical Labour voters who many people | :14:55. | :14:58. | |
believe could determine the outcome of this referendum, because the | :14:59. | :15:02. | |
thinking is by and large most Tory supporters will probably go with | :15:03. | :15:07. | |
Brexit, the Labour vote, therefore, is absolutely critical. | :15:08. | :15:11. | |
That is quite at ease to say there is a fundamental new argument! We | :15:12. | :15:14. | |
are six weeks away and it feel that we have heard all of the arguments. | :15:15. | :15:20. | |
When you are like me and you live and breed this stuff every day, you | :15:21. | :15:24. | |
get a little bit weary, shall we say, with the familiar argument on | :15:25. | :15:28. | |
sovereignty and security and the economy. Today Mr Duncan Smith is | :15:29. | :15:32. | |
putting a new gym and on the table, and I think it is interesting # row | :15:33. | :15:38. | |
a new argument, because it is a direct pitch for the Labour vote. He | :15:39. | :15:43. | |
has already said as much, it is about his view that the European | :15:44. | :15:49. | |
Union compounds social injustice. That is the area he is looking at, | :15:50. | :15:54. | |
things like austerities, immigration, the impact on public | :15:55. | :15:57. | |
services, that is the area he is looking game but a key part of it is | :15:58. | :16:02. | |
whether Mr Duncan Smith has found a way of reaching out to the Labour | :16:03. | :16:06. | |
vote. Just down the river, you cannot see it, but Jeremy Corbyn is | :16:07. | :16:11. | |
launching Labour's battle bus to try to galvanise the Labour vote behind | :16:12. | :16:15. | |
staying in the European Union, and there is huge pressure on him to | :16:16. | :16:21. | |
take a lead in this, to make strenuous efforts, because there is | :16:22. | :16:24. | |
a suspicion he is not really that keen, not that fussed about the | :16:25. | :16:27. | |
European Union because he has been a long-time critic on it, so if there | :16:28. | :16:31. | |
is any sign that he is not really pushing to get the Labour boat out, | :16:32. | :16:38. | |
but Mr Duncan 's bid is, there will be enormous criticism of him. | :16:39. | :16:41. | |
We will bring you that speech live when it happens. | :16:42. | :16:43. | |
We've got two audience debates on the EU referendum coming up. | :16:44. | :16:46. | |
Whether you are still making your mind up or have already decided how | :16:47. | :16:49. | |
you are going to vote, it's a chance to share your views | :16:50. | :16:52. | |
and to quiz senior politicians leading the Leave | :16:53. | :16:54. | |
If you are aged 18 and 29 you can apply for the BBC One evening debate | :16:55. | :17:04. | |
presented by Victoria in Glasgow on 26th May. | :17:05. | :17:11. | |
Or you can apply for the Manchester debate on Monday, 26th June. | :17:12. | :17:16. | |
That is open to anyone eligible to vote in the referendum. | :17:17. | :17:19. | |
Email [email protected] or go to the programme website to apply. | :17:20. | :17:27. | |
More than 1,250 unnamed men, women and children who died trying | :17:28. | :17:30. | |
to cross the Mediterranean to seek a new life in Europe have been | :17:31. | :17:33. | |
buried in unmarked graves at over 70 sites in Turkey, | :17:34. | :17:35. | |
Over the past two years it's estimated that thousands have | :17:36. | :17:39. | |
lost their lives trying to cross into Europe. | :17:40. | :17:41. | |
Most are lost at sea, but many bodies have been washed | :17:42. | :17:44. | |
ashore, bringing horror to the beaches of Greece, | :17:45. | :17:45. | |
The BBC's Rami Ruhayem reports from Lesbos. | :17:46. | :20:28. | |
Everybody is paying attention to the refugees making it alive to Greece | :20:29. | :20:37. | |
or Europe. The people who are dead, a few people are concerned about. | :20:38. | :20:42. | |
There is no database for the people who are drowned. The only thing we | :20:43. | :20:48. | |
know that they started from Turkey and everything vanished. With the | :20:49. | :20:58. | |
bodies, with the names. The Government is being urged | :20:59. | :21:17. | |
to clarify the legal case for the use of drone strikes outside | :21:18. | :21:19. | |
of armed conflict. The call, from a committee of MPs, | :21:20. | :21:22. | |
follows the killing of a British member of the so-called | :21:23. | :21:25. | |
Islamic State group last August. We can speak to Dave Cummins, | :21:26. | :21:27. | |
a former Royal Air Force pilot who has also operated drones | :21:28. | :21:30. | |
from an Air Force base in Nevada Thank you very much for joining us. | :21:31. | :21:38. | |
Tell us what it is like operating a drone. Being on the frontline, but | :21:39. | :21:40. | |
removed from it. It is an interesting role and we're only | :21:41. | :21:43. | |
really learning the benefits of that over the last five to ten years and | :21:44. | :21:51. | |
the situation that drone pilots have versus your combat pilots, the | :21:52. | :21:56. | |
situation awareness and the ability those guys have to draw on | :21:57. | :22:00. | |
information during conflict is advanced. Operating drones have you | :22:01. | :22:04. | |
ever had any concerns about what you're doing and about where you | :22:05. | :22:09. | |
might be targeting people? No, I think it is really important that we | :22:10. | :22:15. | |
do draw the distinction here. The rules of armed conflict, the law, | :22:16. | :22:21. | |
the rules of engagement, Human Rights, that's the same whether you | :22:22. | :22:28. | |
are flying a weapon, or firing a weapon. It doesn't change because | :22:29. | :22:32. | |
you're operating a drone. We're having trouble hearing you. You cut | :22:33. | :22:36. | |
out a bit there. You said you haven't had concerns. Are you able | :22:37. | :22:40. | |
to tell us much about where you've operated drones? And where you have | :22:41. | :22:44. | |
carried out attacks with those drones? Well, they are five years | :22:45. | :22:50. | |
ago. I was in the military during the Iraq and Afghanistan conflict. | :22:51. | :23:03. | |
There is no distinction versus a soldier on the ground or a sniper | :23:04. | :23:09. | |
1.5 mile from the conflict. The big difference when you are on the | :23:10. | :23:11. | |
ground, you are in the environment. Tell us what it is like, you are | :23:12. | :23:14. | |
away from it, maybe you might be living at home and then you go into | :23:15. | :23:18. | |
the office and it is like a war game, but it is having a real life | :23:19. | :23:24. | |
impact? I can assure you, it is not like a war game, but it is a surreal | :23:25. | :23:28. | |
environment both from working in combat and doing a 12 hour mission | :23:29. | :23:33. | |
every day in my case, it was six-and-a-half years, I have been | :23:34. | :23:40. | |
doing this now. And you're right there is a difference between | :23:41. | :23:44. | |
operating combat for 12 hours and walking home to your family and | :23:45. | :23:48. | |
spending the day with your family. Does it make thaw one step removed | :23:49. | :23:55. | |
from what you're doing so that you, I don't know, maybe, less emotion | :23:56. | :23:59. | |
involved. Would that be a fair thing to say? No, I would say it is the | :24:00. | :24:04. | |
opposite in a drone. Unlike a combat aircraft or unlike a sniper or | :24:05. | :24:08. | |
soldier who might pitch up and flight a conflict and it can be | :24:09. | :24:12. | |
transient of the with a drone you can be there for days and weeks in | :24:13. | :24:15. | |
advance and you will be thereafter the strike to witness the situation | :24:16. | :24:22. | |
unfold for hours or days. Who is around you making the call on | :24:23. | :24:27. | |
when the strike is actually launched? What we're talking about | :24:28. | :24:31. | |
today is concerns around the legality and we have touched on that | :24:32. | :24:36. | |
with you, but are there military lawyers around to offer advice? It | :24:37. | :24:40. | |
depends on the type of strike. Everything from self-defence which | :24:41. | :24:44. | |
is the pilot's call all the way through to a pre-planned mission | :24:45. | :24:47. | |
which would be down to the commanders and the lawyers. | :24:48. | :24:53. | |
We're struggling to hear you, but it has been good to get your | :24:54. | :24:57. | |
prospective on operating drones. Thank you very much indeed. | :24:58. | :25:04. | |
Lots of you getting in touch. John e-mailed to say, "Politicians will | :25:05. | :25:07. | |
never share how they really feel about the use of drones. Our forces | :25:08. | :25:10. | |
need to be as careful as they can, but we need to be resolute in our | :25:11. | :25:13. | |
determination to defend our way of life. The so-called Brit who was | :25:14. | :25:21. | |
killed by a drone would seem to be a lit jit mat casualty of war." Chris | :25:22. | :25:26. | |
says, "What rot if people go to fight with IS they give up all their | :25:27. | :25:29. | |
Human Rights. What rights did the people have in Paris and Brussels. | :25:30. | :25:32. | |
That's why we need to get out of the EU and look after ourselves." Joe | :25:33. | :25:38. | |
making the case for drone permissible on the basis of | :25:39. | :25:42. | |
pre-emptive strike on the basis of self-defence. IS strike | :25:43. | :25:48. | |
indiscriminately and barbaricically. Lorraine says, "If it is against | :25:49. | :25:52. | |
Islamic State terrorists, the answer is question." Tom e-mailed, "Here we | :25:53. | :25:57. | |
go again, the terrorists can kill our people with impunity, if we go | :25:58. | :26:03. | |
after them, we are at fault. How about backing our articled forces | :26:04. | :26:09. | |
who put their lives on the line to keep us safe." | :26:10. | :26:13. | |
Still to come, could we finally have the answer to reducing | :26:14. | :26:16. | |
Scientists in the US have developed a so-called second skin made out | :26:17. | :26:20. | |
of silicone that might be the solution. | :26:21. | :26:22. | |
We'll ask a dermatologist whether it's too good to be true. | :26:23. | :26:30. | |
The Department for Education says its urgently investigating | :26:31. | :26:33. | |
the online leak of a primary school Sats test which is being taken | :26:34. | :26:36. | |
by 600,000 children aged 10 and 11 in England. | :26:37. | :26:38. | |
Earlier a source at the department told the BBC that it believed | :26:39. | :26:41. | |
a rogue marker had briefly placed the test on a password | :26:42. | :26:44. | |
The department says the integrity of the test hasn't been compromised | :26:45. | :26:48. | |
and schools should deliver it as planned. | :26:49. | :26:49. | |
Our education correspondent Robert Pigott is here. | :26:50. | :26:55. | |
So the Government seems to be suggesting this is deliberate | :26:56. | :27:00. | |
sabotage? Yes, it says it is a rogue marker and not just an accidental | :27:01. | :27:04. | |
mistake as it were. It is under the kosh. There has been a lot of | :27:05. | :27:08. | |
problems with the tests for primary school children. It comes at an | :27:09. | :27:10. | |
embarrassing time the the Government is very keen to place distance | :27:11. | :27:15. | |
between the idea that it has messed up again, if you like, and to insert | :27:16. | :27:22. | |
this idea that it was deliberate by somebody trying to sabotage the | :27:23. | :27:25. | |
tests. They said before that an investigation would be carried out. | :27:26. | :27:32. | |
Are they saying the investigation has been done and this is the case? | :27:33. | :27:37. | |
It is a suspicion. They are minimising the impact of this saying | :27:38. | :27:41. | |
it is different from the Key Stage 1 tests, these are the ones for six | :27:42. | :27:46. | |
and seven-year-olds where they had to be abon donned because the tests | :27:47. | :27:52. | |
mp were published in January as part of practise material. They are | :27:53. | :27:56. | |
saying this time only 90 odd people would have seen this and it was only | :27:57. | :28:00. | |
for four hours last night until it was removed. Minimising the impact | :28:01. | :28:06. | |
saying the tests will still go ahead and the marks will still count and | :28:07. | :28:10. | |
schools should disregard this as a breach of the, as a fatal breach of | :28:11. | :28:14. | |
the test. How would you gauge the strength of feeling against the | :28:15. | :28:18. | |
SATs? And where it is coming from and if it is coming from u you know, | :28:19. | :28:28. | |
not, I suppose, a politically motivated campaign, if you could put | :28:29. | :28:32. | |
it like that. How much pressure would it be putting on the ground if | :28:33. | :28:35. | |
it is a ground swell of parents opinion? It is an interesting | :28:36. | :28:39. | |
question. It is difficult to assess how big that momentum, how big that | :28:40. | :28:43. | |
ground swell is. We saw the parents taking kids out of school on | :28:44. | :28:46. | |
Tuesday. So about, you know, we were thinking that thousands of children, | :28:47. | :28:49. | |
just by doing a rough back of an envelope calculation must have been | :28:50. | :28:52. | |
taken out of school. We don't know the real numbers and it is difficult | :28:53. | :28:56. | |
to tell when an organised group get together and make something happen | :28:57. | :28:59. | |
just how big a ground swell that represents. Certainly teachers and | :29:00. | :29:03. | |
teaching unions and they are represented by the National | :29:04. | :29:05. | |
Association of Headteachers are very unhappy about the tests and are | :29:06. | :29:09. | |
calling for them, for this year's test results to be scrapped for | :29:10. | :29:13. | |
schools not to be held to account as they could be for today's tests. | :29:14. | :29:17. | |
There is that sense and there is also, I think, Labour sensing blood | :29:18. | :29:21. | |
here, that there is a series of mistakes that happened all the way | :29:22. | :29:28. | |
back to when the Key Stage 1 tests had to be abandoned and the tests | :29:29. | :29:33. | |
for four-year-olds had to be postponed for a year because three | :29:34. | :29:38. | |
tests put out by the Government were found not to be comparable with each | :29:39. | :29:42. | |
other. There is a history here and a growing sense of unease amongst the | :29:43. | :29:46. | |
teaching profession that there is something wrong about the speed and | :29:47. | :29:50. | |
the complexity of the reforms being made and that's where the Government | :29:51. | :29:53. | |
is vulnerable on this and of course this is overshadowed, by the | :29:54. | :29:57. | |
academies and the climb Down that nishgy Morgan had to make on that. | :29:58. | :30:00. | |
So the Government is in a weak position. Very keen for this not to | :30:01. | :30:05. | |
be seen as yet another mistake by them themselves. Thank you, Robert. | :30:06. | :30:12. | |
Some comments on this. Mike says, I'm a parent and I have to say Lucy | :30:13. | :30:18. | |
Powell has irritated me. I understand her opinions are to some | :30:19. | :30:22. | |
extent ballad but we are in a position where the assessment is | :30:23. | :30:25. | |
what it is, if you want your child to succeed in having exams to work | :30:26. | :30:29. | |
towards and aim for three primary School is vital. When it is time to | :30:30. | :30:33. | |
go to high school, doesn't everyone want their child to be ready for the | :30:34. | :30:37. | |
steep learning curve ahead? Another e-mail, why is the | :30:38. | :30:48. | |
Government forcing that tests on children? Learning to read and write | :30:49. | :30:51. | |
is fundamental and should be fun. My children were able to do both before | :30:52. | :30:54. | |
attending school as we made it into a game. Don't get me started on | :30:55. | :30:56. | |
phonics, another poor position by the Government. | :30:57. | :30:57. | |
Another e-mail, my grandson was hopeless at reading and spelling as | :30:58. | :31:04. | |
six and seven years old, he is now at university. | :31:05. | :31:08. | |
Let's catch up with the news, Ben Brown is in the BBC newsroom. | :31:09. | :31:12. | |
One of the leading members of the campaign to leave the EU, | :31:13. | :31:15. | |
Iain Duncan Smith, says Germany had a virtual veto over David Cameron's | :31:16. | :31:18. | |
demands during his EU referendum negotiations. | :31:19. | :31:24. | |
Mr Duncan Smith says the Prime Minister was forced | :31:25. | :31:26. | |
to abandon plans for an emergency brake on migration at the last | :31:27. | :31:29. | |
minute because Germany would not back it. | :31:30. | :31:33. | |
Downing Street says Mr Cameron found a "more effective" way forward. | :31:34. | :31:40. | |
Mr Duncan Smith is due to begin his speech in the next few minutes and | :31:41. | :31:51. | |
we will bring that to you live. Sorry, I will rudely interrupt you! | :31:52. | :31:55. | |
We are going to go to Iain Duncan Smith's speech on the Vote Leave | :31:56. | :31:57. | |
campaign. My feet are better off Britons who | :31:58. | :32:11. | |
have done well in recent years is to consider their vote in the | :32:12. | :32:14. | |
referendum to vote for a better deal for people who have not enjoyed the | :32:15. | :32:19. | |
same benefit as maybe they have, because the EU, despite its grand | :32:20. | :32:23. | |
early intentions, has become, I believe, a friend of the haves | :32:24. | :32:31. | |
rather than beer is not WHO. Do you row has greatly favoured already | :32:32. | :32:34. | |
wealthy Germany at the expense of southern Europe. You row has meant | :32:35. | :32:42. | |
serious unemployment for millions of young Greeks, Spaniards and Italians | :32:43. | :32:47. | |
and has produced political extremism across the continent. The EU is also | :32:48. | :32:52. | |
working well for big bands, the fail is financed by extreme austerity in | :32:53. | :32:56. | |
countries like Greece largely benefiting financial institutions | :32:57. | :32:59. | |
that lent irresponsibly before the crash, and caused it. The EU is also | :33:00. | :33:04. | |
working for big corporate that benefit from mass immigration, | :33:05. | :33:08. | |
businesses that have decade in the productivity and training of their | :33:09. | :33:12. | |
own local workforces and have no reason as I can see it to mend their | :33:13. | :33:17. | |
ways so long as cheap labour can be imported from abroad. But if the EU | :33:18. | :33:22. | |
is working for Germany, the banks, for big corporate and for the public | :33:23. | :33:26. | |
affairs of companies with large lobbying operations in Brussels, the | :33:27. | :33:33. | |
EU isn't working for overregulated small business and, more | :33:34. | :33:35. | |
importantly, lower paid and lower skilled Britons. They now have to | :33:36. | :33:41. | |
compete with millions of people from abroad for jobs and the wage rise. | :33:42. | :33:46. | |
The Government's migration advisory committee reported that for every | :33:47. | :33:51. | |
100 migrants employed here, 23 UK born workers would have been | :33:52. | :33:55. | |
displaced. The construction of the Olympic Park was a powerful | :33:56. | :33:59. | |
illustration of the way in which those migrants who had come in | :34:00. | :34:02. | |
undercooked UK workers through their willingness to end your -- enjoy a | :34:03. | :34:13. | |
family friendly living conditions. Visiting at the time I met skilled | :34:14. | :34:17. | |
and unskilled workers who struggled to get work on that site. I asked | :34:18. | :34:21. | |
why, they said people from Eastern Europe often living in bedsit in | :34:22. | :34:26. | |
various parts of East London without the UK housing and family costs that | :34:27. | :34:30. | |
they do hugely underbid them for their work. Those stories have since | :34:31. | :34:35. | |
been borne out by the facts. Despite the statement about the Olympic Park | :34:36. | :34:39. | |
working at macro helping British workers, we now know almost half the | :34:40. | :34:43. | |
jobs on the site went to foreign nationals. I find the Labour Party's | :34:44. | :34:48. | |
current position somewhat ironic. As Frank Field has pointed out, saying | :34:49. | :34:52. | |
they are now in favour of staying in the EU, they are acting against the | :34:53. | :34:57. | |
interest of the communities they purport to serve. Even Stuart Rose | :34:58. | :35:01. | |
of the stronger In campaign has admitted that immigration at the | :35:02. | :35:06. | |
pain of the poor in a rare moment of candour, maybe one of the reasons we | :35:07. | :35:09. | |
no longer see him on the television or the radio, and acknowledged that | :35:10. | :35:14. | |
wages will go up for many Britons is immigration is restricted. The | :35:15. | :35:18. | |
downward pressure on wages is a trend that will only get worse if we | :35:19. | :35:22. | |
continue to have absolutely open borders with the EU, and I believe | :35:23. | :35:27. | |
would get much worse if we ended up in a recession. Bank of England | :35:28. | :35:33. | |
study in December 2015 concluded, and I want to quote this, the | :35:34. | :35:38. | |
biggest effect is that the semi-unskilled service sector a ten | :35:39. | :35:45. | |
percentage rise in the implement of immigrant is a circuit with a 2% | :35:46. | :35:50. | |
reduction in pay. This significantly affects British workers, especially | :35:51. | :35:55. | |
those on low wages. EU migration has increased by 50% since 2010 on | :35:56. | :36:01. | |
official figures. If the number of EU job-seekers entering the UK over | :36:02. | :36:05. | |
the next decade remain at current levels, some 690,000 people, and I | :36:06. | :36:11. | |
repeat that, 690,000 people will have been added to the UK population | :36:12. | :36:18. | |
as a direct result. With five more countries due to join, the number | :36:19. | :36:22. | |
looks conservative. This would be the equivalent of a city the size of | :36:23. | :36:28. | |
Glasgow in the UK. Another big negative economic effect of the | :36:29. | :36:31. | |
level of immigration is that British people have never voted for and do | :36:32. | :36:37. | |
not want, house prices. Young people are the biggest losers from this, | :36:38. | :36:41. | |
forced to pay an ever larger share of their income on accommodation and | :36:42. | :36:44. | |
suffering longer commutes after having to move far away from their | :36:45. | :36:49. | |
families. The fact is that we need to build around 240 houses every day | :36:50. | :36:54. | |
for the next 20 years just to be able to cope with the increased | :36:55. | :36:58. | |
demand on future migration. Of course there are a number of issues | :36:59. | :37:02. | |
in the difficulty to get housing in the UK but the impact of | :37:03. | :37:06. | |
uncontrolled immigration makes it an major factor in the demand for | :37:07. | :37:10. | |
housing, one that simply cannot be denied or ignored. Official data | :37:11. | :37:16. | |
shows that over the last 15 years over two thirds, 66% of additional | :37:17. | :37:20. | |
households created in the UK were headed by a person born abroad. The | :37:21. | :37:24. | |
struggle to get on the housing ladder is one that affects families | :37:25. | :37:29. | |
up and down the UK. Such is the pressure that the average age for a | :37:30. | :37:34. | |
first-time buyer is now 31. Everyone should have the opportunity, I | :37:35. | :37:37. | |
believe, and always have done, to own their own home but as the EU | :37:38. | :37:41. | |
continues to expand to other countries that as Macedonia Albania | :37:42. | :37:45. | |
and Turkey, population pressures of remaining in the EU, if someone | :37:46. | :37:51. | |
votes to remain in the EU, can only make that prospect less likely. As | :37:52. | :37:57. | |
the Government's own recent figures show, to cope with the kind of | :37:58. | :38:01. | |
pressure that immigration is placing on the school system, the taxpayer | :38:02. | :38:04. | |
is having to fund extra school places equivalent to building 27 new | :38:05. | :38:10. | |
average sized secondary schools or 100 new primary schools. My Vote | :38:11. | :38:15. | |
Leave and Conservative colleague Priti Patel was correct when she | :38:16. | :38:19. | |
highlighted recently the fact that as always when public services are | :38:20. | :38:24. | |
under pressure those without the resources to afford the alternatives | :38:25. | :38:27. | |
are most vulnerable and most affected. In short, getting a place | :38:28. | :38:31. | |
in your local school gets more and more difficult. The heavy burden of | :38:32. | :38:36. | |
EU regulation is particularly hard on the smaller businesses that all | :38:37. | :38:42. | |
evidence shows are the best route back to the workforce for those who | :38:43. | :38:46. | |
are unemployed. Even though the vast majority of these businesses never | :38:47. | :38:50. | |
trade with the EU, they are subject to EU red tape at the cost of tens | :38:51. | :38:54. | |
of billions of pounds. Those regulations don't just mean lower | :38:55. | :38:58. | |
profits for small entrepreneurs. They also mean fewer new businesses | :38:59. | :39:04. | |
starting up, and fewer jobs created. Then there are the higher grocery | :39:05. | :39:10. | |
prices that the EU's Common Agricultural Policy has produced. | :39:11. | :39:13. | |
The independent House of Commons library has concluded that EU | :39:14. | :39:17. | |
membership actually increases the cost of living, and they stated that | :39:18. | :39:22. | |
the EU's Common Agricultural Policy, and I quote, artificially in the | :39:23. | :39:26. | |
rates food prices, and that consumer prices across a range of other goods | :39:27. | :39:30. | |
imported from outside the EU are raised as a result of the common | :39:31. | :39:36. | |
external tariff, and trade imposed by the EU. These tariff barriers | :39:37. | :39:42. | |
have an effect and these include footwear, 70% tariff, bicycles, 15% | :39:43. | :39:46. | |
tariff, and a range of clothing at cold percent tariff. This may not | :39:47. | :39:53. | |
sound like a lot -- 12% tariff. This may not sound like a lot for better | :39:54. | :39:58. | |
off families but for many it is the difference between paying the rent | :39:59. | :40:01. | |
and not being able to pay the rent. This takes me back to my central | :40:02. | :40:10. | |
point. What I think are the best compassionate instincts of the | :40:11. | :40:13. | |
British people, when you vote on the 23rd of June, even if you believe | :40:14. | :40:21. | |
what you are now being told by those who want you to vote to remain in | :40:22. | :40:27. | |
the European Union, that you may on balance have done OK from the | :40:28. | :40:31. | |
European Union, I want you to think about the people who haven't, and, | :40:32. | :40:38. | |
just as importantly, think about the economic changes that are coming | :40:39. | :40:43. | |
down the tracks very fast and ask yourself very seriously whether | :40:44. | :40:47. | |
Britain in charge of all policy levers would be better equipped to | :40:48. | :40:53. | |
cope with those changes than a Britain that is part of what all | :40:54. | :41:00. | |
evidence suggests is a dysfunctional, declining, high | :41:01. | :41:02. | |
unemployment European Union. Because this EU vote, this EU vote is | :41:03. | :41:09. | |
happening at a time of enormous global upheaval. We are at the point | :41:10. | :41:14. | |
in the development of the world economy where, if we are not | :41:15. | :41:19. | |
careful, we are going to see a huge rise and an explosion in the | :41:20. | :41:22. | |
have-nots, increasing divide between people who have a home of their own | :41:23. | :41:27. | |
and those who, to coin a phrase used recently, are at the back of the | :41:28. | :41:31. | |
queue. A lengthening queue. To even get onto the housing ladder people | :41:32. | :41:35. | |
have jobs that are threatened by automation and people who live in | :41:36. | :41:39. | |
the shadow of the impact of technological innovation, people who | :41:40. | :41:42. | |
benefit from the immigration of cheap nannies and barristers and | :41:43. | :41:47. | |
labourers and people who cannot find work because of uncontrolled | :41:48. | :41:50. | |
immigration. There is a balance here that needs to be reset, and I have | :41:51. | :41:55. | |
always wanted people to be able to own their own home, but that gets | :41:56. | :41:59. | |
more difficult, particularly, as I said, for young people through | :42:00. | :42:04. | |
uncontrolled migration. We are entering a long period of much | :42:05. | :42:07. | |
slower growth than we have perhaps been used to. We are entering a | :42:08. | :42:12. | |
period when white-collar jobs are going to be replaced possibly by | :42:13. | :42:17. | |
technology on the same scale but innovation has already placed more | :42:18. | :42:20. | |
manual, industrial and blue-collar jobs. In the coming decades as a | :42:21. | :42:25. | |
population of China and India and other developing countries will | :42:26. | :42:28. | |
increasingly be educated and compete more directly with us, in this world | :42:29. | :42:33. | |
we need to be nimble and we need to do everything we can to ensure that | :42:34. | :42:38. | |
those likely to be most affected by these changes are ideally equipped | :42:39. | :42:42. | |
to meet them all, if necessary, are cushioned from those worst affects. | :42:43. | :42:47. | |
Being fast on our feet and nimble as a nation state is the route to that. | :42:48. | :42:51. | |
Britain avoiding the high unemployment and savage austerity | :42:52. | :42:55. | |
that many European nations suffered because we wisely ignored the advice | :42:56. | :43:00. | |
of many groups, particularly the CBI, and retained sterling, the | :43:01. | :43:02. | |
principle is that it is better to be in control | :43:03. | :43:16. | |
of our own destiny, that is a lesson we learned, better to be a good role | :43:17. | :43:19. | |
of our own destiny, and that should apply to all areas of national life, | :43:20. | :43:21. | |
particularly started with our borders. It should cover the design | :43:22. | :43:23. | |
of agricultural and environmental policies and the implication of | :43:24. | :43:25. | |
those policies for grocery and energy bills, to the design of trade | :43:26. | :43:29. | |
agreements, two fishery policies, another regressive EU policy that | :43:30. | :43:35. | |
has devastated some of our coastal policies, -- Coastal Communities | :43:36. | :43:39. | |
Fund and of course to budget and fiscal policy. If we want to cut VAT | :43:40. | :43:43. | |
on fuel to help families of body heat their homes, we should be free | :43:44. | :43:47. | |
to do so. We should be able to choose how to spend the ?350 million | :43:48. | :43:51. | |
we currently send to Brussels every week. It would be in a normal world | :43:52. | :43:57. | |
a strange choice to make for a British Government that whilst | :43:58. | :44:00. | |
bearing down on welfare spending and other budget since the election we | :44:01. | :44:05. | |
continue to send to this wealthy EU hundreds of millions of pounds of | :44:06. | :44:08. | |
taxpayers' money, money that could help fund a whole variety of areas | :44:09. | :44:14. | |
the NHS, and could fund extra training for infrastructure to help | :44:15. | :44:21. | |
every Briton drive in the economic age and drive those challenges. The | :44:22. | :44:25. | |
EU is fast sliding to economic irrelevance. Look at how it is | :44:26. | :44:29. | |
losing its share of world trade at twice the rate of the United States. | :44:30. | :44:33. | |
There are many reasons for this but one key reason is that its | :44:34. | :44:36. | |
institutions have become irredeemably unwieldy. EU leaders | :44:37. | :44:42. | |
and the Brussels army of bureaucrats cannot agree on how to fix the euro. | :44:43. | :44:45. | |
They cannot agree on what to do about refugees. They cannot agree on | :44:46. | :44:51. | |
what kind of transatlantic trade partnership they want with the USA. | :44:52. | :44:56. | |
Such MS that it is very unlikely it will ever happen. And they cannot | :44:57. | :45:00. | |
agree on the kind of steel industrial policies that will ensure | :45:01. | :45:06. | |
Europe does not lose more of its manufacturing base. No, the EU can | :45:07. | :45:09. | |
only move as quickly as its slowest member and that means it can only | :45:10. | :45:13. | |
move very slowly indeed on all these matters. In today's global economy, | :45:14. | :45:20. | |
it is not speed that kills but in decision. The EU leaders and | :45:21. | :45:26. | |
ministers spend so much time in Brussels not agreeing decisions that | :45:27. | :45:28. | |
they are not focused on the challenges that exist back in their | :45:29. | :45:33. | |
home nations, and that is, I think, the key point. No matter what those | :45:34. | :45:38. | |
who want to remain say about the EU as a market-based, the reality is | :45:39. | :45:41. | |
that it is first and foremost at the elliptical project, the aim of which | :45:42. | :45:47. | |
is the creation of an overarching federal power above the nation | :45:48. | :45:48. | |
states. PEP Why many Greeks are now living | :45:49. | :45:58. | |
in third world conditions, Italian banks are becoming insolvent and | :45:59. | :46:01. | |
terrible levels of youth unemployment have become for the EU | :46:02. | :46:08. | |
a terrible price worth paying. Yet outside of the EU, an independent | :46:09. | :46:13. | |
Britain can design migration, agricultural and budgetary and trade | :46:14. | :46:17. | |
policies and the rest of Europe seems sadly incapable of agreeing on | :46:18. | :46:22. | |
any of these. I hope I've persuaded you that leaving the EU is in the | :46:23. | :46:26. | |
clear interests of social justice within Britain. But let me end by | :46:27. | :46:32. | |
saying, I think also think it could advance social justice across the | :46:33. | :46:35. | |
whole of the Continent. A vote to leave by the British people might be | :46:36. | :46:39. | |
the shock to the EU's system that is so desperately needed. Perhaps I'm | :46:40. | :46:44. | |
being a touch unrealistic. The EU does not have a great track record | :46:45. | :46:49. | |
of changing course after member states have voted against EU | :46:50. | :46:53. | |
projects in referendum. But Brexit coming after the Greek crisis, after | :46:54. | :47:00. | |
so much impossibly high youth unemployment, after the election of | :47:01. | :47:04. | |
so many extreme parties should be the moment when Brussels finally | :47:05. | :47:08. | |
decides to give member states more freedom to design economic social | :47:09. | :47:13. | |
and migration policies. Those that reflect the democratic will and | :47:14. | :47:17. | |
particular needs of each individual state. Given we are so uninfluential | :47:18. | :47:26. | |
inside the EU, our maximum moment of influence, ironically, might be at | :47:27. | :47:29. | |
leaving at it. Confronting the rest of the EU with the need and | :47:30. | :47:35. | |
opportunity to radically change its structure is the most socially just | :47:36. | :47:39. | |
and indeed, European service that Britain can provide to our | :47:40. | :47:46. | |
neighbours across the channel. Surely like me, you believe that the | :47:47. | :47:52. | |
United Kingdom can do better. We deserve to do better. Why should we | :47:53. | :47:58. | |
set such a low vision about our future by tying it to this failing | :47:59. | :48:03. | |
project and all that is coming down the tracks to diminish us? Inside | :48:04. | :48:08. | |
the EU, our politicians can only talk of what we would like to do to | :48:09. | :48:14. | |
change things, knowing that they will achieve very little, if any of | :48:15. | :48:21. | |
that. Outside the EU, we can change our destiny and dare to believe in | :48:22. | :48:25. | |
the greatness of our citizens. Let me just repeat that. Outside of the | :48:26. | :48:31. | |
EU, we can dare to change our destiny. That is the purpose of a | :48:32. | :48:36. | |
vote to leave. Britain deserves better than all of this, which is | :48:37. | :48:44. | |
why on the 23rd June, we should take back control and vote for our own | :48:45. | :48:50. | |
British independence day. Thank you very much. | :48:51. | :48:57. | |
APPLAUSE REPORTER: Thank you very much. Mr | :48:58. | :49:11. | |
Duncan Smith, one of the problems that people have with politicians is | :49:12. | :49:15. | |
they do one thing and then they go and say another. Now, you are a | :49:16. | :49:19. | |
member of the Cabinet when it signed off on the welfare break. You | :49:20. | :49:25. | |
campaigned on it in the Conservative maecht, just this time last year, | :49:26. | :49:29. | |
and now you're giving interviews to newspapers saying it was all a big | :49:30. | :49:33. | |
German stitch-up and we are puppets of Angela Merkel. How can people | :49:34. | :49:36. | |
possibly trust you when you've told them that? Because the negotiation | :49:37. | :49:41. | |
process had not even really begun. The whole point if our election was | :49:42. | :49:45. | |
to offer a referendum and let me bring you back to the terms of that | :49:46. | :49:49. | |
referendum. It was for the UK to decide on whether to remain in a | :49:50. | :49:55. | |
reformed European Union or to leave an unreformed European Union. Now | :49:56. | :49:58. | |
that's the very terms that were set both by the Prime Minister and the | :49:59. | :50:02. | |
Cabinet. As you know, the only thing that was on offer and promised was | :50:03. | :50:06. | |
the completion of the negotiations to give us a full reform package. | :50:07. | :50:10. | |
What I signed up to, quite legitimately, in the run-up to the | :50:11. | :50:13. | |
election was that proposal that we would bring forward a fully reformed | :50:14. | :50:17. | |
European Union and then hold that referendum by 2017. So I'm very | :50:18. | :50:21. | |
happy to stand by that. I wanted to see that done. I was in favour of | :50:22. | :50:25. | |
the Prime Minister's look bettering speech and I thought plus his | :50:26. | :50:29. | |
proposals to get border control would have actually meant we would | :50:30. | :50:32. | |
have had a very different relationship within the European | :50:33. | :50:35. | |
Union and that would have justified remaining in. The key question is, | :50:36. | :50:39. | |
did we get that reformed European Union? And the point is, I don't | :50:40. | :50:43. | |
believe we did. We had a very small until of little things that | :50:44. | :50:47. | |
happened, but worse, we had to give away our veto over what actually | :50:48. | :50:51. | |
happens inside the euro now. That makes us in a sense more vulnerable | :50:52. | :50:56. | |
than we were before. So I have a very simple statement in answer to | :50:57. | :51:00. | |
that question is the debate was about and should be about did we get | :51:01. | :51:03. | |
a reformed European Union? When you look at the European Union, is it | :51:04. | :51:06. | |
reformed? Is it fundamentally different from what it was when we | :51:07. | :51:10. | |
set out on this process having been so critical of what was happening in | :51:11. | :51:15. | |
the European Union? The answer has to be categorically no, we did not | :51:16. | :51:19. | |
get a reformed European Union and so, the logical position both for | :51:20. | :51:23. | |
the Government and for somebody like me is to therefore say we have to | :51:24. | :51:26. | |
leave the European Union. STUDIO: That's Iain Duncan Smith | :51:27. | :51:28. | |
answering a question about the claims from him that were reported | :51:29. | :51:32. | |
in the newspapers this morning that David Cameron effectively had his | :51:33. | :51:39. | |
hands tied by Angela Merkel over the EU renegotiations ahead of | :51:40. | :51:41. | |
announcement, ahead of the referendum. Let's talk to our | :51:42. | :51:47. | |
political guru, Norman Smith. Norman, you promised there would be | :51:48. | :51:51. | |
a fundamentally new argument put forward by Iain Duncan Smith's that | :51:52. | :51:54. | |
would Trump what was in the papers this morning about the German argue. | :51:55. | :51:59. | |
It all centres on social justice, doesn't it. Tell us what your | :52:00. | :52:03. | |
thoughts are after that speech. We've had all the arguments about | :52:04. | :52:06. | |
sovereignty and security and the economy. Today, Iain Duncan Smith is | :52:07. | :52:12. | |
saying that the EU, his phrase, is a force for social injustice. In other | :52:13. | :52:16. | |
words, it hurts the poor. It benefits the better off. What he | :52:17. | :52:20. | |
means by that is that excuse the trafficks jam here, is that better | :52:21. | :52:25. | |
off people -- traffic jam here, is that better off people, migration | :52:26. | :52:30. | |
brings cheaper plumbers and they can get cheaper nannies, the coffee | :52:31. | :52:33. | |
shops, you know, are quicker. All that's good for better off, but for | :52:34. | :52:37. | |
poorer people they suffer because of the pressure for jobs, the downward | :52:38. | :52:42. | |
pressure on wages, the difficulty facing young people getting a | :52:43. | :52:49. | |
housing is compounded by more people coming looking for housing, the | :52:50. | :52:52. | |
pressure for school places and even food prices, he says, are driven up | :52:53. | :52:56. | |
by the Common Agricultural Policy. In other words, the EU is fine if | :52:57. | :53:02. | |
you're doing quite well. Much worse if you're not and that's is a direct | :53:03. | :53:06. | |
pitch for Labour votes in this referendum. | :53:07. | :53:07. | |
Thank you, Norman. Scientists in the US have developed | :53:08. | :53:13. | |
a new material that can temporarily protect and tighten skin and reduce | :53:14. | :53:15. | |
the appearance of wrinkles. This so-called second skin is made | :53:16. | :53:18. | |
out of silicone and can be applied on the skin as a thin coating then | :53:19. | :53:21. | |
peeled off and disposed of at night. With more work, researchers hope | :53:22. | :53:25. | |
the wearable skin could be used to cover birthmarks and deliver | :53:26. | :53:29. | |
drugs to help treat skin Let's have a look at the video | :53:30. | :53:32. | |
released by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, | :53:33. | :53:39. | |
the team behind this new discovery. It could coat the skin and protect | :53:40. | :53:56. | |
it and perhaps deliver drugs to it and perhaps make it look better. We | :53:57. | :54:00. | |
have been able to create a cream that you can put on the skin and | :54:01. | :54:05. | |
then once it is on the skin, it can actually form essentially an elastic | :54:06. | :54:09. | |
second skin and it is transparent and it is invisible and it is not | :54:10. | :54:13. | |
messy and has good mechanical strength. You put it on in two | :54:14. | :54:19. | |
stages of the first, put on the invisible cream on your skin and | :54:20. | :54:24. | |
then in the second step you put on a catalyst and that is causes a cross | :54:25. | :54:34. | |
linking reaction. It is very soft and still mechanically strong and | :54:35. | :54:36. | |
essentially invisible. I think it is fair to say this is a | :54:37. | :55:01. | |
platform technology. What I mean by that, you can use it in various | :55:02. | :55:04. | |
different areas. One set of things might be in | :55:05. | :55:08. | |
cosmetics where you use it to tighten skin in different parts of | :55:09. | :55:14. | |
the body and another could be for therapeutics where you use it as a | :55:15. | :55:18. | |
plastic ointment that could be used to deliver drugs to the skin to | :55:19. | :55:21. | |
treat different skin diseases. Let's talk to Dr Tamara Griffiths. I | :55:22. | :55:35. | |
expect most of us will have honed in on what it can do for wrinkles. What | :55:36. | :55:40. | |
do you think? Clearly, the product is very well tolerated and | :55:41. | :55:44. | |
cosmetically acceptable. What was really interesting in the paper that | :55:45. | :55:47. | |
was released demonstrated improvement in the appearance of the | :55:48. | :55:51. | |
bags under the eyes which as we all know is a very common problem and | :55:52. | :55:55. | |
often very difficult to treat. The best treatment now is plastic | :55:56. | :56:02. | |
surgery which carries its own risks. So applying this topical cream under | :56:03. | :56:07. | |
the eyes, the researchers demonstrated it improves the | :56:08. | :56:12. | |
appearance under the eye bags which is a protrusion of fat because the | :56:13. | :56:17. | |
skin was more or elastic and tightened so the appearance was | :56:18. | :56:21. | |
convincing and certainly, one of the applications of this really novel | :56:22. | :56:25. | |
technology would be for cosmetic use, but again, there is multiple | :56:26. | :56:32. | |
applications including skin health, improving the menicanical strength | :56:33. | :56:36. | |
and water add hetion and elass it is aity of old skin which is frail, | :56:37. | :56:40. | |
prone to tearing and can result for example in leg ulcers. So there are | :56:41. | :56:45. | |
cosmetic applications for this without a doubt, but again, it is a | :56:46. | :56:49. | |
platform technology which can be applied for promotion of skin health | :56:50. | :56:55. | |
for delivery of new drugs, for delivery of suncreams to camouflage | :56:56. | :57:00. | |
skin defects, port wine skins, it is an exciting and novel technology and | :57:01. | :57:03. | |
treatment and I'm very much looking forward to watching it develop. It | :57:04. | :57:07. | |
is a temporary fix so do you think it is something that would catch on | :57:08. | :57:11. | |
for reducing wrinkles or do you think that people would always | :57:12. | :57:15. | |
prefer actually something that would have more lasting effects if that's | :57:16. | :57:19. | |
a route they want to go down? It is something that one would have to | :57:20. | :57:22. | |
apply daily and wear for the benefits particularly for wrinkles | :57:23. | :57:25. | |
and the under eye bags, but again, will it catch on? It depends on | :57:26. | :57:30. | |
one's motivation, if someone is motivated and debilitated or feels | :57:31. | :57:35. | |
psychologically upset about their eye bags, they probably would wear | :57:36. | :57:40. | |
it every day. There are cohorts for those consumers because they are | :57:41. | :57:44. | |
willing to go for surgery which would have more inherent risk, I | :57:45. | :57:47. | |
don't think it will replace surgery, but it adds a great option for | :57:48. | :57:51. | |
people who maybe don't want to take the surgical route and aren't able | :57:52. | :57:57. | |
to have surgery to address this particular cosmetic application, but | :57:58. | :58:00. | |
there are probably other applications that we haven't yet | :58:01. | :58:03. | |
thought about or discovered. Thank you very much for your thoughts, Dr | :58:04. | :58:14. | |
Kamara Griffiths. -- Tamara Griffiths. | :58:15. | :58:18. | |
BBC Newsroom Live is coming up next. Thank you for your company today. | :58:19. | :58:22. |