27/05/2016 World News Today

This is BBC World News today. History is made in Hiroshima.

Survivors watch as the US President and the Japanese Prime Minister pay

their respects to the 70,000 who died there. The memory of the

morning of August six 1945 has never faded. That memory allows us to

fight complacency. It fuels our moral imagination. Olympic chiefs

say 23 competitors from the London 2012 games have failed retrospective

doping tests. A final reckoning for Argentina in the next few hours of

court which will deliver a verdict on former military officers accused

of handing down and killing political opponents in South

America. A new adventure for an old

favourite, we celebrate 90 years of Winnie the Pooh.

We start in Japan where for the first time, a serving US President

has visited the first city destroyed by an American atomic bomb. At least

70,000 people killed in the shame on the 6th of August 19 45. Tens of

thousands more would go on to die from the effects. Three days later,

a second bomb killed at least 70,000 people in Nagasaki. The Americans

say the attacks did much to bring the war in Japan to an earlier end.

There was no apology from President Obama but speaking to an audience,

he reflected on the lessons from the day where death fell from the sky

and the world was changed. 71 years ago, a US President sent a

single bomb to destroy an entire Japanese city. Today, a holder of

the same office came here for the first time. Standing next to the

Japanese Prime Minister in a gesture of peace. It is impossible to deny

of course the deep significance of this moment, the huge media presence

are here to see the leader of the only country ever to have used an

atomic weapon, paying his respects in your Shima, a city that has come

to symbolise the perils of our nuclear age. On a bright, cloudless

morning, death fell from the sky is in the world was changed. A flash of

light and a wall of fire destroyed a city. And a demonstrated that

mankind possessed the means to destroy itself. From the instant of

that first blast, President Obama has made it clear that he is not

here to offer an apology. For an act his predecessors have argued was

necessary to end the war. I said to my friend, look, beautiful, the

aeroplane is beautiful, and pointed. This lady was 13 and as she pointed,

the bomb exploded in the sky above her. She still suffers the effects

of the serious burns today. What do you think about the visit by

President Obama? I was very happy to hear that because that is one step

towards peace. But, as always, a short distance from the President

stands an officer carrying America's new clear launch codes. It is a

reminder of the reality on the day strong on the symbolism and lofty

ideals. The BBC's correspondent told us what

it was like to be there today. A very historic and a significant day

and visit by the first ever existing, serving US President to be

visiting Hiroshima where the first ever atomic bomb was dropped just

about 71 years ago. Find me is the famous dome where actually we are

very close to the bridge which is believed to have been easy target

for the pilot to drop the bomb because of the capital. The mood

here has been quite relaxed in fact. Despite the fact that very tight

security, there were a lot of police officers, as you can imagine, but

when you speak to local residents, even though the President didn't

apologise for the bombing which killed hundreds of thousands of

people, the mood here has been quite positive and local residents say

they are quite glad that the serving US President has finally come to

visit, even though there was no official apology.

The UN refugee agency in Iraq says it has reports of people dying from

starvation in the village which Iraqi forces are fighting to take.

Around 50,000 civilians are trapped and food and other supplies are

extremely low. Spokesperson says only around 800 people have managed

to escape Iraqi government so far. Some 50,000 civilians still remain

trapped inside the ledger and they are prevented from escaping as the

government continues to come under heavy bombardment by the Iraqi

forces. Food has been in very short supply. We are hearing accounts that

people are relying on expired rice and dried dates and that is about it

for their diet. We have also heard reports of starvation related deaths

among the publishing their and this is from the people we have

interviewed who have escaped. Staying with Iraq, soldiers have

fired tear gas to disperse protesters who have gathered in

Baghdad. Several protesters were injured. Demonstrators loyal to the

Chirac Carrick have been calling for comprehensive reforms for months. A

few weeks ago, demonstrators blasted into Iraq Pablo Carreno Busta

parliament and government officers. Many drivers across France are still

having trouble finding fuel the result of strikes and blockades by

French trade unions. All but one of the union blockades have now been

cleared but shortages and long to use at petrol stations. President

Francois Hollande said he will stand firm on the changes to laws which

are wanted the strikes. A passenger plane has been evacuated

on the runway of an airport in Tokyo after an engine fire. All 300

passengers and crew were safely moved from flight. Firefighters

sprayed white foam onto the engine to extinguish the blaze.

One of the world's biggest cyber security firms is investigating

whether North Korea is behind attacks on computer systems used by

three banks in south-east Asia. They say it has detected the same rare

item in all three cases and in one attack more than $80 million was

stolen. The final verdict in an historic

human rights trial is expected in Argentina in the next couple of

hours. Operation Condor was a campaign of state-sponsored terror

organised by South American dictatorships in the 1970s. The US

backed regime conspired to hunt down, kill political opponents in

South America and beyond. 40 years ago, this man was kidnapped

and held illegally in this old workshop in Buenos Aires. She was

tortured before being sent back to her native country. In the process,

she was separated from her son. They were reunited 26 years later. I

think that I spend most of the time here. The cold was terrible but the

screams or worse. The screams of those being tortured with the first

thing you heard and they made you shiver. That is why there was a

radio blasting day and night. What affects me most here is this

staircase. They took the upstairs and that is where the questioning

and the torture started. I think I screamed. I realised it was a sign

of life and it was impossible to hold back and if you screamed, the

others knew that you were alive. During the Cold War, South American

dictatorships came together to systematically eliminate opponents.

It was a transnational plan called operation Condor. Over the past

three years, the historic trial in Argentina has specifically focused

on this conspiracy. This trial is different to other human rights

trials, there is an overwhelming number of documents. We are not

talking about what happened in one detention centre or in one location

in Argentina, we're talking about what happened in Argentina, Uruguay,

Bolivia, Paraguay and Brazil. Uruguayans like Sarah consider

Friday's sentence especially symbolic because courts in their

home country have never tried ex-military for torture. Among the

18 defendants there is also a former Uruguayan colonel. It's a milestone

in human rights and like in the past where we had international courts,

what we have here is a domestic court in Argentina which is

prosecuting transnational crimes that were committed in an organised

fashion by six dates in Latin America. Testimonies of survivors of

torture centres have been fundamental in determining the scope

of operation Condor. Today, 40 years later, Sarah and many others will

finally see some justice. Brazilian police are searching for

more than 30 men suspected of raping a 16-year-old girl and then posting

videos of the attack on line. The teenager reportedly went to her

boyfriend 's house in real on Saturday before waking up naked and

surrounded by armed men. Arrest warrants have been issued including

one for the girls boyfriend. And it is from the Woodlands rights

organisation that operates in Rio de Janeiro. I imagine that you were

shocked by this video but not surprised? Yes, I am shocked and I

am surprised to because it's something that no one was expecting

because we say that here in Brazil, we have a great future but this is

something that we never expected because it is just really, really

strange. What about it was so unexpected for you when we know how

many rape cases go unreported and prosecuted in Brazil? Is coming here

in Brazil we have a lot of rapeseed -- rape cases but not in this

intensity. The video itself is very shocking but also what is still

chilling also is the comment that people have made, that this girl

seems to be blamed for what happened to her? Is, they said something

about her clothes, like she was asking for it. Always trying to

justify the action and we know something that cannot be justified.

Tell us what your organisation is trying to do? The women's movement

in Brazil, this was really unexpected for all of us and so we

are a little shocked at this moment and we really don't know what to do

in the first moment. We are trying to make the press that some

attention on this, making campaigns. Also trying to break this idea of

these people who want to justify this type of action. If you can hear

me, what exactly do you think is the problem? Is a way the police deal

with cases or is it just the social attitudes to attacks on women? It is

the social attitudes because it's something that is really

internalised on people, especially men. When we talk about rape, we

talk about power so it's not about just sex, it's about a man trying to

put their power and subjugating women. So it is one of the things

that was really used in tortures and this shows how men and women are

different in this world. Thank you very much for joining us.

The International Olympic Committee says 23 more athletes have tested

positive for doping. The IOC says the athletes were from five sports

and of six different nationalities. They didn't give any further details

citing legal reasons. I have been asking our correspondent if we know

any more information. We don't know the names of the athletes or the

substances tested positive for. The IOC will not reveal that information

until the samples have been analysed and if they come back positive, then

they might reveal their names. If they come back positive, the

athletes will have a hearing where they can put forward any information

that they may have which may have led to this binding. If they are

happy with that, they can ban the athlete was stripped them from any

medals. It's a process because the athlete can take this to

arbitration. These were targeted tests of the IOC would have done a

risk assessment and figured out certain nations which were at higher

risk. This follows the recent retesting of samples from the

Beijing Olympics. You know that 31 of those samples came back positive

and the Russian Olympic committee have said 14 are from their

athletes. Wanting to almost give this game a

clean bill of health. It has been very topical. They want to avoid a

major scandal going into the real Olympics. This also shows the size

of the challenge. If you remember in the lead up to London 2012, the

organisers and scientists said they had state of the art facilities,

there would be more tests, they would test for more samples. This

shows people will always find a way to beat the system. Sometimes, there

is a lag in that information. That is why the IOC and authorities store

the samples for ten years, go back and retest them as the test

procedures become more sophisticated. They say this process

is still ongoing. There aren't many books authors who have changed the

way we think about the world but the selfish Gene published by Richard

Dawkins is one. Philippa Thomas of the man himself mind is of the

central idea behind his selfish gene theory and more about his

controversial bestselling book, the delusion. In Darwinian natural

selection, which is the process that gives rise to all life, the thing

that is selected is the gene. Once you understand that, then a whole

lot of things fall into place and make sense. They made sense in 1976

and make sense today. As you look back at the number of books you have

written, and your career as a scientist and educator, how would

you describe the difference that you hope you have made? I certainly hope

I have changed the minds of biologists and I think I sort of

power. If you watch what biologists do in the field in the Serengeti or

the Galapagos, you will find the questions they ask up things like,

what is the good of this behaviour for the animals genes? I hope I have

done that. I hope I have made some difference to the number of people

who accept evolution. In America, 40% of people don't today. And I

hope into the books you mentioned, all about that advocating evolution

by natural selection, I hope I have made a difference there. As for the

God delusion, I think that has caused quite a number of people to

change their minds in a good direction. You mentioned America

there and it is a fact that in many parts of the States, creationism is

too taught in schools, there is a creationist museum in Kentucky and

there are active intellectuals to you all thought. It's deplorable and

is fuelled by ignorance. There is no informed educated opposition to

evolution. It's entirely pushed by people who have no education or

understanding. What you think about the fact of 40 years after the

selfish Gene, the ideas of creationism are in some schools in

the UK which are very attractive to a significant number of people. They

are not in state schools legally. There are some schools where it is

pushed and some teachers, although they pay lip service to the official

syllabus including evolution, they will tip the wink to the students

don't believe it themselves. That is unfortunately true in Islamic

schools. I have heard stories of colleagues were medical students,

grown-up medical students, have actually walked out of evolution in

the example University College London because they are about

evolution, which is a closed mindedness and not something we like

to see in our doctors. I want to also raised with you something we

have covered a lot in the last few weeks which is what is happening in

Bangladesh, where a number of atheist bloggers or secular

bloggers, activists, academics have been hacked by machetes. There

atheism more secularism is a big threat. You don't need me to told

you how deplorable that is. What I think is especially deplorable is

that the motive for these hideous murders are simply religion. That's

all it is. It's a disagreement about ideas and that's very unpleasant and

very serious if people can be hacked to death simply expressing a view

about the cosmos, life, morality, not for anything they have done, not

for supporting a political point of view which the murderous disagree

with. It's just ideas. That's a shocking thing. If ever someone was

on the right place at the right time, the surgeon whose name was

given to the anti-choking manoeuvre he has developed has used the

technique himself at the age of 96 to save and 87-year-old woman.

Doctor Henry Heimlich performed his famous manoeuvre on a fellow

resident at the retirement move where he lives. He dislodged a piece

of hamburger from Patti's airway after she had been choking and

unable to breathe. The manoeuvre involves pushing up hard against the

choking person's rib cage to shift the blockage. Archaeologists in

Boston have uncovered a shipwreck from the 1800 's. It was discovered

during the construction of the building. The harbour area. The

vessel was partially burned and had been carrying life. I don't think

you will have missed the fact that Queen Elizabeth is celebrating her

90th birthday this year but so was a very fair must air, Winnie the Pooh.

To mark the joint birthday, a new story has been written called Winnie

the Pooh and the Royal birthday. There, announced Christopher Robin.

That harm is fit for a queen. Winnie the Pooh, Piglet, Christopher Robin

and it all, much loved literary characters. They are taking a

special present to the Queen. The story has been rated by Jim

Broadbent. It's a lovely story. It celebrates the Queen's 90th birthday

and it also celebrates Winnie the Pooh's 90th birthday. The first bear

was called after him. I have loved being part of this story. It has

been an honour to narrate the story. The first Winnie the Pooh Beck was

published in 1926. Christopher Robin was named after his son. One of the

early books was dedicated to the baby Princess Elizabeth and as her

child she was said to be a fan of Winnie the Pooh but the two haven't

met until now. All at once, there was a stirring in the crowd and a

murmur rose up. It's the Queen! She was greeting the crowd as she went.

As part of the new adventure, Winnie the Pooh and his friend pass by

Harrods which is described as one very grand shop which Winnie the

Pooh found strangely familiar. Fans will know it was familiar because

the stories were based on a real teddy bear that was bought from

Harrods. This is the closest to what the original Winnie the Pooh was

like. Christopher Robin's mother bore Winnie the Pooh in Harrods in

1921 for Christopher Robin's first birthday. She didn't know then that

he would turn into the most famous pair in the world. He was a British

made Alpha teddy bear, 18 inches, and would have cost 13 shillings and

sixpence, the equivalent of ?27 nowadays. Today, Winnie the Pooh has

been translated into more than 40 languages and this latest tale, he

needs a new generation. The Queen is said to have been happy for the

project to go ahead, celebrating a very special joint birthday with an

old friend. The Sydney Opera House in Australia has been lit up with

works by indigenous artists. It's part of the vivid Sydney Festival

which has become an annual event in the city. Let me leave you with a

taster of the spectacular light show being enjoyed by Sydneysiders.

The heat and humidity has seen thunderstorms through the