06/07/2016 World News Today


06/07/2016

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Reporting from Washington, I'm Laura Trevelyan.

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The headlines: A UK inquiry delivers its conclusion on Britain's

:00:13.:00:14.

It found military action was based on flawed intelligence

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and there was no imminent threat from Saddam Hussein.

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It is and I count of an intervention which went badly wrong, with

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consequences to this day. -- and I count.

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lies, but accepts full responsibility for

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For all of this, I express more sorrow, regret, and apology than

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Also coming up: President Obama says he'll keep more than 8,000 troops

:00:45.:00:56.

And, sentenced to six years in a South African prison.

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After a marathon trial, Oscar Pistorius learns his fate

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for the murder of his girlfriend Reeva Steenkamp.

:01:06.:01:21.

We start in Britain, where a long awaited report

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on the country's role in the Iraq war has laid out

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The investigation, led by Sir John Chilcot,

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found the Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein posed no "imminent

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threat" and the military action against him was not a last resort.

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The report says Britain went to war based on "flawed intelligence".

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And this is what prime minister Tony Blair told George Bush

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in a letter eight months before the invasion:

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A spokesman for president George W Bush told the BBC

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he believes the world is a better place

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And he went on to praise the UK under the leadership of Tony Blair

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But the Chilcot report says the intervention went badly wrong,

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Nicholas Witchell has been looking at it in more detail.

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For month after month, some of the most senior

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figures in the land, ministers, civil servants, military

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leaders and intelligence chiefs, came to give evidence.

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From their testimony and many thousands of documents,

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Sir John Chilcot has distilled his conclusions.

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It is on the use of intelligence that he offers some of his most

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It is now clear that policy on Iraq was made on the basis of flawed

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They were not challenged, and they should have been.

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In the House of Commons on the 24th of September 2002, Mr Blair

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talked up the credibility of the intelligence

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It is extensive, detailed, and authoritative.

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According to Mr Blair, Saddam Hussein could activate his

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chemical and biological weapons within 45 minutes.

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The judgments about Iraq's capabilities in a statement

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and in the dossier published the same day were presented

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with a certainty that was not justifiable.

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Not only was intelligence flawed, so too with the discussions

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The Attorney General at the time was Lord Peter Goldsmith,

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but it is clear from the report that time and again, the Cabinet

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was denied a chance to hear his detailed arguments.

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One such an occasion was a matter of weeks before the invasion began.

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And so to the chaos of postinvasion planning and another

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According to the report, Mr Blair's government

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was warned explicitly of the risk that an invasion

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would destabilise Iraq and lead to the growth of Al-Qaeda.

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And as British forces faced the growing Iraqi insurrection,

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the government failed to equip them properly.

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We have found that the Ministry of Defence was slow in responding

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to the threat from improvised explosive devices and that delays

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in providing adequate medium weight protective patrol vehicles should

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Britain's invasion of Iraq has been minutely scrutinised.

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Sir John Chilcot has found that it was an unwarranted invasion,

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based on flawed intelligence, with insufficient discussion

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It was an intervention which he said had caused anguish and suffering

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The evidence is there for all to see, it is an account

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of an intervention which went badly wrong.

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Reacting to the Chilcot report, former prime minister Tony Blair

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took full responsibility for the mistakes in planning

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But he asked the British public to accept that he had

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done what he thought was right at the time.

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The intelligence assessments made at the time of going to war turned out

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to be wrong. The aftermath turned out to be more hostile, protracted

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and bloody than ever we imagined. The coalition plan for one set of

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ground facts and encountered another, and a nation whose people

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we wanted to set free and secure from the evil of Saddam, became

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instead victim to sectarian terrorism.

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For all of this, I express more sorrow, regret and apology than you

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may have no law can believe. -- and you may ever know.

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The violence which erupted in Iraq in 2003 has continued to this day,

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and the head of the UK inquiry underlined the suffering

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of the Iraqi people, including a million forced

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As our Middle East Editor Jeremy Bowen reports from Baghdad,

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the war sent shockwaves across the entire region.

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The people of Baghdad and the rest of Iraq are still living and dying

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with the consequences of the 2003 invasion.

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Security is being beefed up yet again after the bomb that killed

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But the fear of a sudden random death is never far away.

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When the US forces reached Baghdad in April 2003, pictures of them

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helping Iraqis topple a statue of Saddam Hussein went

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Hadi Al Jabari started knocking lumps out of the Prince to celebrate

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Hadi Al Jabari started knocking lumps out of the plinth to celebrate

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Now like many Iraqis, he's nostalgic for the brutal

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TRANSLATION: Saddam has gone and we now have 1,000 Saddams.

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If Tony Blair was here this morning, what would you say to him?

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TRANSLATION: I would say to him, you are a criminal.

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Less than an hour's drive from Baghdad, these are Iraqi Shia

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militiamen, trained and equipped by Iran,

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Chilcot says the British Government ignored a warning that removing

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Saddam would offer Iran an opening in Iraq.

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Captured IS positions seemed to have been prepared by trained soldiers,

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IS commanders include former Iraqi officers who joined

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the jihadists when the US and Britain dissolved the Iraqi army.

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Not all of the chaos, violence and war in the Middle East

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at the moment can be traced back to the invasion of Iraq in 2003,

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It was like throwing a great big rock into a pond,

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it sent out shock waves, geopolitical, religious,

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And 13 years later, they're still crashing around the region.

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Warnings about internal strife, regional instability and the rise

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of jihadists were also ignored by Number Ten, says Chilcot.

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Iraq's sectarian violence spread to Syria, Yemen, and elsewhere.

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As leaders used and abused Shia Sunni fears to fight for power.

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Jihadists were on the attack before the invasion.

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But Iraq after 2003 offered Al-Qaeda a haven

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and launch pad that Islamic State is still using.

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Small numbers of British troops who we filmed on condition

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At this base, Australians and New Zealanders

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It is a long way from what Chilcot caused the humiliating

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It is a long way from what Chilcot calls the humiliating

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end of an intervention that went badly wrong,

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With me in the studio is former US Defence Secretary and BBC World

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the report says the war was based on flawed intelligence, which the US

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also bought into, particularly that Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass

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destruction? Indeed. I think the US was the

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moving force behind this operation, and the British were, I think,

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determined to be with the United States no matter what. If you look

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at Tony Blair's letter, that is quoted in the report, a laser very

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specifically things that needed to be done. We don't know what the

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answers to those were, but we don't think they were done. So I think it

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is laid out very clearly. We didn't have adequate intelligence or

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adequate planning, and I think the report Stansbury well.

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Well, the report is so damning on the matter of that planning, it says

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the planning and preparations for Iraq after Saddam Hussein were

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wholly inadequate. They were inadequate. There was an

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assumption on the part of all of us, those in the Clinton administration

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as well as the Bush administration that Saddam had weapons of mass

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destruction. However, the Clinton administration came to the

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conclusion he posed no imminent threat, and we were determined to

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stay out of Iraq last Saddam Hussein invaded Saudi Arabia, or QA, or

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attacked Israel. It is easy to say that, the doubling changed after

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September the 11th, didn't it? You can see why he thought Saddam

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Hussein would be a threat as well. Yes, but they tried to make a link

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to 9/11 that was not real. Saddam did not have a nuclear weapons

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capability, and I think the rationale was really to displace

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Saddam and put democracy in its place, and that has been one of the

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biggest lessons we should take from this. Do not try to transplant

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democracy in soil that is not fertile for democracy.

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Just returning to the Chilcot Report and the reaction to it, the former

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Foreign Secretary Jack Straw, who you knew when you are in the Clinton

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Administration, he has said that UK officials felt blindsided by US

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officials, particularly Paul Bremer, when he disbanded the Iraqi army.

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What do you make of that blindside in?

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That is correct. I think it was a mistake to have simply taken out the

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Iraqi army rather than trying to perhaps take the top officers and

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keep the army in place. But we did not take into contemplation the

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consequence of removing a regime with nothing in its place, and with

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inadequate resources to make sure they were stability for some time to

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come. We are paying the penalty for it to this day. We are learning a

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lot about the relationship between President George Bush and Tony

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Blair, from the letters unearthed by the Chilcot Inquiry.

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Eight months before the amazing, Tony Blair says the George Bush, I

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will be with you whatever. Does it surprise you, the closeness of their

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relationship? It seems like unconditional support.

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Not really, because Great Britain has been with the United States

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from... Certainly during my lifetime, and hopefully will

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continue in the future. This relationship is special. We have

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depended on each other, and I would go back and point out, in Libya, for

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example, that was a British initiative, yet the United States

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joined in that effort because the British had been with us, even

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though our former Secretary of Defense Bob Gates spoke out against

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going into Libya. We went nonetheless, because we wanted to be

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with them, because they had been with us. That is a relationship

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which will continue, but the report gives fair warning. Make sure you

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understand all the consequences before you ever take military

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action. As Defence Secretary, you know that.

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The report is extremely critical, and has the benefit of hindsight,

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but just how momentous is that decision, to go to war, when you

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take it? We're seeing it play out. The reason

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we should always be reluctant to release the dogs of war is that we

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may not be able to call them back, and if you look at the destruction

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that is taking place today in Syria, in Libya, in Yemen, and certainly in

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Iraq, thousands and thousands of people continue to die as a result

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of instability. So yes, we have two always make sure that before we ever

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go into a country, as we should have and not in Rwanda, but as we did in

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Kosovo, to make sure there was no ethnic cleansing on tens and

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hundreds of thousands of people, nonetheless, we have to have the

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planning, what takes place the day after you going. What is the plan

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for state lies in a country that you are attacking? And it is clear that

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we did not do their job for Iraq. -- stabilising a country.

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Thank you for joining us. More than 150,000 people died

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in Iraq during the war and in the years that followed,

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among them 179 British For years, many of their families

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had campaigned for an inquiry so they could find out the truth

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about why Britain went to war. Fergal Keane reports now

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on the families' reaction The bereaved have endured

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seven years of painful waiting Debbie Allbutt and her son Connor

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were on their way to hear Steven Allbutt, husband and father,

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was killed in Iraq in 2003. In the last few days,

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the trauma has returned. It has brought a lot

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of memories back. I had nightmares where he was still

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alive, and I saw him in a shop. Just horrible nightmares.

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I am just hoping we find out why we went in and why we went

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In the quiet of nearby Westminster Abbey, former SAS man

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John Brown was remembering his son, Nick, also an SAS trooper.

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He wanted answers about the justification for going to war.

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We want to know what the enquiry says about the entry,

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I know they did not have an exit strategy.

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The families came here looking for the truth that named names

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The families were invited to meet Sir John Chilcot, and read a summary

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of his report. The families came here looking

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for the truth that named names Well, they've now had

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a chance to consider The families gathered

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here trust that we speak The families say they will study

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the conclusions and decide whether to launch legal action

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against Tony Blair. I'm going back to that time

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when I learned that my brother had been killed and there is

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one terrorist in this world that the world needs to be aware

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of and his name is Tony Blair. But there was a welcome

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for the report's findings What is your reaction

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to what you heard? Amazed, I didn't expect it to be

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as good an outcome, really. I thought we would have a bit

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of cover up or something. Sir John Chilcot has

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done us a good job. I'm really, really

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pleased with the outcome. It's good news but at the same time

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it's bad news as well, because I think if Tony Blair

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wasn't the Prime Minister at the time, I think my dad

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could still have been here today. The former SAS man John Brown

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watched Tony Blair's For all of this, I express more

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sorrow, regret and apology. Tony Blair has just apologised.

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What does that mean to you? The Chilcot report has not given

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the families all the answers they sought, but it has restored

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some measure of their faith Now to another conflict even older

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than the war in Iraq, whose legacy President Barack Obama says he's

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slowing the withdrawal of American Originally, numbers were to drop

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from just under 10,00 to 5,500 Mr Obama now plans to leave 8,400

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troops in place into next year. Maintaining our forces

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at the specific level, based on our assessment

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of the security conditions and the strength of Afghan forces,

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will allow us to continue to provide tailored support to help Afghan

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forces continue to improve. From coalition bases in Jalalabad

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and Kandahar we will be able to continue supporting Afghan forces

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on the ground and in the air and continue

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supporting critical Our correspondent Nick Bryant

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joins me in the studio. So, then Obama famously came to

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office promising to end the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, particularly

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in Afghanistan. Why is he having such difficulty ending it? He is

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worried that of America withdraws to the number he intended, which was

:19:20.:19:24.

5500, a long way from the 100,000 that were there during the height of

:19:25.:19:27.

the surge, there was a danger that Afghanistan could again become a

:19:28.:19:31.

safe haven for terrorists, as he put it, which it was pre-9/11. He said

:19:32.:19:37.

the security situation there was very precarious, he wanted to give

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US forces additional options as they worked alongside the Afghan army in

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trying to combat the Taliban and combating terrorism in the country.

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And he also pointed out that, for instance, in the last 18 months, 38

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American civilians and US personnel have died in Afghanistan. So the

:19:57.:20:01.

security situation there is far from stable. There is clearly a worry, in

:20:02.:20:05.

the White House and Pentagon especially, that a precipitous

:20:06.:20:08.

withdrawal would make that situation worse. So he has kind of

:20:09.:20:12.

compromised. A lot of former generals in the matadors were

:20:13.:20:15.

calling for a freeze. He has not done that, but a small reduction in

:20:16.:20:22.

force levels, to about 8400, rather than the 5500 he was aiming for.

:20:23.:20:26.

And the UN estimates that the Taliban now controls more territory

:20:27.:20:30.

in Afghanistan than at any time since 2001. Does the White House

:20:31.:20:34.

have anything to say about that? What is edgily called for today is a

:20:35.:20:38.

political settlement in Afghanistan, involving the Taliban. A couple of

:20:39.:20:42.

invitations had been given to the Taliban. America is working

:20:43.:20:45.

alongside the Afghan government, China and Pakistan in trying to get

:20:46.:20:49.

the Taliban to the negotiating table. But those two invitations

:20:50.:20:55.

have been rebuffed by the Taliban. Perhaps some of the preconditions or

:20:56.:20:58.

demands America have made are just too tough for the Taliban. They have

:20:59.:21:02.

called for them to denounce violence, to adopt the Afghan

:21:03.:21:06.

constitution, with all its protections for women and

:21:07.:21:09.

minorities, so they want a political process, but again, it seems very

:21:10.:21:12.

far off at the moment. Thank you very much for joining us.

:21:13.:21:15.

Now a look at some of the day's other news.

:21:16.:21:17.

The US Justice Department will investigate the fatal shooting

:21:18.:21:19.

by police of a black man in the city of Baton Rouge,

:21:20.:21:22.

There have been protests overnight after a video emerged showing two

:21:23.:21:26.

white policemen apparently holding the man down and shooting him.

:21:27.:21:28.

The police say they were responding to an allegation that the suspect

:21:29.:21:31.

The pound has hit a fresh 31-year low against the dollar as worries

:21:32.:21:35.

over the UK's exit from the European Union continue

:21:36.:21:38.

At one point, it dropped below $1.28 before rebounding to $1.29.

:21:39.:21:44.

Analysts blamed warnings from the Bank of England that Brexit

:21:45.:21:46.

A court in Spain has sentenced the Argentina and Barcelona

:21:47.:21:52.

footballer, Lionel Messi, to twenty-one months in prison

:21:53.:21:54.

The striker was fined more than two million dollars.

:21:55.:21:59.

His father, Jorge, was also sentenced to prison.

:22:00.:22:02.

Neither is expected to serve any time in jail as under Spanish law,

:22:03.:22:05.

short prison sentences are usually suspended.

:22:06.:22:11.

The South African athlete has been sentenced to six years in prison

:22:12.:22:19.

for the murder of his girlfriend Reeva Steenkamp in 2013.

:22:20.:22:21.

Last year, the court overturned his original conviction

:22:22.:22:23.

for manslaughter, instead finding him guilty of murder.

:22:24.:22:25.

Our correspondent Karen Allen reports from Pretoria.

:22:26.:22:30.

An undignified end for a fallen hero.

:22:31.:22:33.

Oscar Pistorius is led away to jail to begin his six-year sentence,

:22:34.:22:36.

For the father of Reeva Steenkamp, whose

:22:37.:22:44.

testimony revealed how his life had been torn apart,

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Inside a packed courtroom, a sense of hushed

:22:47.:22:53.

expectation as the judge said she had to strike a balance between

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deterrence, punishment and the seriousness of the crime.

:22:57.:23:00.

By its very nature, punishment is unpleasant, it is

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uncomfortable, it is painful and it's inconvenient.

:23:05.:23:09.

It is certainly not what you love to do.

:23:10.:23:14.

In the result, the sentence that I impose on the accused for the

:23:15.:23:23.

murder, dolus eventualis, of the deceased, that

:23:24.:23:27.

is Reeva Steenkamp, is six years imprisonment.

:23:28.:23:35.

Reeva Steenkamp's parents glance around the courtroom,

:23:36.:23:37.

almost in disbelief that this day has finally come.

:23:38.:23:40.

A six-year sentence means that Oscar Pistorius will have to serve

:23:41.:23:44.

at least three years before being eligible for parole.

:23:45.:23:47.

He begged the world to believe it had all been a

:23:48.:23:49.

terrible mistake, the judge exercising considerable discretion.

:23:50.:23:54.

Now for the grieving family of Reeva Steenkamp,

:23:55.:23:56.

And for Oscar Pistorius, a tearful embrace from his sister Amy

:23:57.:24:03.

just seconds before he's led down to the cells.

:24:04.:24:08.

It's now more than three years since this couple's fate hit the

:24:09.:24:11.

headlines after the athlete fired four shots through a closed bathroom

:24:12.:24:14.

In the court case that followed, Oscar Pistorius

:24:15.:24:20.

was found guilty of manslaughter but a year later it was converted to

:24:21.:24:24.

In an exclusive interview after court, the athlete's

:24:25.:24:30.

uncle told me Oscar Pistorius was frightened about

:24:31.:24:34.

If it's not frightening, I think it would still be stupid.

:24:35.:24:40.

If you're frightened, your senses sharpen up,

:24:41.:24:46.

your awareness becomes better, so frightened is good.

:24:47.:24:52.

This is the prison where Oscar Pistorius

:24:53.:24:53.

has already spent time for manslaughter.

:24:54.:24:56.

Today marks the closing chapter of what has been

:24:57.:25:03.

Oscar Pistorius, once a sporting legend, haunted by

:25:04.:25:08.

a sense of remorse, now disappeared from public view the service time.

:25:09.:25:17.

a sense of remorse, now disappeared from public view to serve his time.

:25:18.:25:20.

Former British Prime Minister Tony Blair has delivered a strong defence

:25:21.:25:30.

of the 2003 Iraq War in response to a long-awaited report by a public

:25:31.:25:34.

enquiry. At a news conference, Mr Blair insisted he had not misled the

:25:35.:25:38.

country or lied to it. Mr Blair said he took full responsibility for any

:25:39.:25:42.

mistakes without exception and without excuse.

:25:43.:25:44.

The enquiry has found that the decision to go to war was based on

:25:45.:25:47.

flawed intelligence and wasn't properly discussed with the British

:25:48.:25:49.

Cabinet. It said there had been no imminent

:25:50.:25:53.

threat from Iraq's then leader Saddam Hussein, and peaceful options

:25:54.:25:56.

for disarming its government had not been exhausted.

:25:57.:25:57.

From me, Laura Trevelyan, and the rest of the team, goodbye.

:25:58.:26:07.

Good evening. Many of us had a fine day today. You may have noticed some

:26:08.:26:16.

spectacular cloud formations, with examples of these wispy clouds in

:26:17.:26:20.

the atmosphere. In the short-term, weather fronts I were racing in our

:26:21.:26:25.

direction, spelling some rain, but not an awful lot. In

:26:26.:26:26.

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