Episode 13 The One Show - Best of Britain



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Hello and welcome to The One Show, Best Of Britain with Lucy Siegle

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and Matt Allwright and the chance to see our favourite The One Show

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films. We're in the Cairngorms National

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Park. Isn't it beautiful? I love it. It is the biggest National Park in

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Britain. Twice the size of the lake district. Which is in itself very

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big. Here you get some of the UK's most exciting species, otters,

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ospreys, wildcats. Not to mention the Scottish cross bill. Don't

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forget. If you look in the rivers and the lochs, you may catch a

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glimpse of the superfish of the Highlands? Is it a bird or a plane?

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No, it is just a fish! For just a few weeks every year, our Scottish

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rivers play host to a wildlife story packed with drama and the

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ultimate determination. Because, this is a great time of

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the year to see Atlantic salmon making incredible leaps up weirs

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and waterfalls. Believe me, they will have a crack at anything!

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These salmon are trying to head home back up the very rivers that

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they were born. It is the final chapter of a massive migration.

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Most of the salmon you see leaping will have swum all the way to

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Greenland and back, dodging the jaws of sharks, seals, humans and

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all sorts of other predators. These are the lucky ones.

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Salmons spend years feeding at sea, but when they return they are

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focused on one thing, getting upriver to breed. That means battle

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against these mighty pitfalls, it looks exhausting, but in true The

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One Show spirit, I'm prepared to take the plunge. I'm going to

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attempt the impossible, trying to swim the last leg of a salmon's

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epic journey upstream. Wish me good luck! It's very, very cold! Argh!

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And like me, the salmon don't mind this chilly water, in fact, they

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use it as a tool to navigate their way home.

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The way that salmon try to find the exact river in which they were born

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is by using the chemical signature in each river, so basically, they

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sniff their way home. It smells like the River Tay to me! Even in

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this relatively calm stretch of water, the current is whipping

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along at ten miles an hour and I'm struggling. The only way I'll make

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it to the rapids is to cheat. But not even Michael Phelps could

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cope with these currents. I did say it was impossible. I went

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into the middle there where the stream was stronger. I must have

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gone about 20 metres before I was exhausted.

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I'm also very cold and salmon do that for hundreds of miles from the

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sea right to their spawning grounds much higher up. How-do they do it?

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OK. So maybe they are a little more streamlined than I am, but when

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they get the chance they rest in deep pools like this one, monitored

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by fisheries manager, David. Basically, the fish have swum up,

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they will stay in a nice deep pool that is secure and secluded and

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stay here basically until they are ready to spawn or ready to move

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upstream. What is the maximum height that

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they can jump over rapids? They have been recorded to jump up to 11

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feet. I think that is the British record, but that is really

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exceptional for a clear jump. Most of it is less than that.

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Back upstream is this river's largest obstacle, the National

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Trust for Scotland's Black Lynn waterfall. It is a five metre wall

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of water. To reach the top here, salmon must

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jump in stages, hoping to find small ledges along the way.

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Wow! There we go! What a cracking leap.

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Some of their largest leaps are equivalent to me jumping two

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double-decker buses! Only one in 1,000 salmon will ever make it back

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to breed, so seeing them leap is a real privilege.

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Wow! There we go. It just jumped out of nowhere and

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hit the rock and bounced straight back down. I tell you, having heard

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I could have a go at it myself, I am now full of admiration for these

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athletes in the fish world. I can't wait for the fish Olympics!

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Madrid, 2013! Exciting, isn't it, Matt? Yes, what does this landscape

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make you feel? Right now I want to dive into the water, but it is

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freezing. It makes me feel like writing

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poetry. Dark brown is the river, golden is the sand, it flows on

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forever with trees on either hand. That's buert, Matt, did you write

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that? -- that's beautiful, Matt, did you write it? No.

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This landscape was a huge source of inspiration for painters like John

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millet. But also many more.

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Here is Gyles Brandreth. Pull the poor wretch from her lay

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to muddy depths. Lines from Shakespeare's play, Ham let,

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describing the last moments of ham let's love, Ophelia as she drowns.

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As families are the words is a painting of Ophelia. It depicts the

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Shakespeare character as she takes her life in a river in Denmark

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after hearing that her lover, ham let has killed her father.

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There is debate as to whether Ophelia is alive or dead in this

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moment. My feeling is it is just that moment that the life has left

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her. Some like to believe she is alive, some like to believe she is

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just dead. There was a brother hood of

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painters and together they wanted to return to a more natural form of

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painting. One of the most interesting things

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about the pre- rafallites is that they had this move towards nature

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and painted outdoors. In the play, of course, Ophelia dies in Denmark,

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but the setting for the painting is English.

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I'm standing by the Hobbss Mill River in Surrey, where Miele spent

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time spenting with his friend. Art experts believe that Mielle

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painted the background to the painting here the Hobbs River, but

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we decided to find out the exact location that Mielle had chosen.

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This is the copy of the book that Milleas had written. Letters in the

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book reveal the distance between the lodgings of the painter and the

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riverbank where he was working on the painting. This provided

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evidence to help Barbara narrow down her search.

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What this told me was that Milleas could not have chosen his spot in

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This area as it was too far' way. Then Barbara unearthed another

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piece of the jigsaw. In the Surrey record office there

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was a scrap book written by Chatwin Stapleton, who was the vicar here

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at the time that the painters were here.

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What did the vicar report? Now, the vicar reported that the willow in

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the painting was the willow 100 yards above the bridge over the

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Hobbs Mill leading to Surbiton, and that was the back ground of the

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painting. So, Barbara had proved the experts

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wrong. The exact spot where Mealle had worked was close to the river

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of Old Surbiton. How did you feel when you made this

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dits covery? Well, very surprised and really delighted that it

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towelally had some conclusion to it. The painter spent 11 hours a day,

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six days a week here in all weathers, but happily his model was

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spared the river. Instead, Lizzie Siddell was allowed

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to pose in a bath of water in his London studio.

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The painter had this vision, he wanted to paint her properly

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floating in water so he could see the effects of what the water did

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to her hair and clothing. I think that she had the painting

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equivalent of photo genia, he knew that she would look wonderful in

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the water. She became ill as a result of

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posing for him. Milleas was one of the most

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captivating painters but what of poor Lizzie? She died, but lives on

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as art lovers everywhere as the tragic Ophelia.

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I genuinely love that painting, which I had as a poster on my wall

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as a student. Why didn't you have a normal poster

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as a student like Bob Marley. --? You are saying I'm not normal?

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Maybe eccentric. This area gets a whaping 1.5

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million visitor as year from all over the country, but this has not

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been such a tourism hot spot, in fact it would not be if it were not

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for the work of one wonderful woman. Gloria hundred ford?

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Queen Victoria. She bought Balmoral.

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I would imagine that the burgeoning and growing railway network of the

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era meant that more people had the opportunity to mimic the Monarch?

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Indeed, it became fashionable of going north of the border. We have

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an interesting way of doing fashion on show show. We have Dan Snow and

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Michael Douglas, he is a hair drers, but he deals with the hair. --

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dresser. Virn England, a prosperous, hard-

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working country it is often thought of as a peaceful period. The

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Victorian era is referred of as being a packed Britannica, people

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say that there were no major wars fought in it, but there was loads

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of fighting. The Crimean War pitted Russia against Britain, France and

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Turkey it was fought mainly in the modern-day Ukraine as the great

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powers justled for influence in the Asia minor and the Balkans. It was

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the military that led from the front. Pine years of a fashion for

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male grooming in the form of fantastic extravagant moustaches,

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obligatory for men. This is Bill, I have to create a

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wonderful moustache on him. What is wonderful face to do it on, look at

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that I can't wait. Bill, you have a book with images in it, tell us

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what they are about? This is my great, great granddad, William and

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his son. Who is this? That is a cousin.

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I think we should go author that, that is rather nice.

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That's a sporty moustache. Take a look... Oh, I say! Do you

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like that? That is rather dashing that, ain't it? It suits you! I met

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up with rosemary Mitchell, the director of a centre for Victorian

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studies in Leeds. Why do people have beards in the army? They are

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sort of man of action beards. Having lived out in the Empire, not

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having time for shaving. The beard has this expression of strength.

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Think of sampleson and deLila. The fashion for facial hair spread

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out. Sometimes the beards are linked to

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the Crimean War and a more positive assessment of the army and

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supporting this is the new imperial idea of manhood. Beards expressed

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the man who goes out there to explore the baundaries of the New

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World. This is a about expressing po tensey, maturity and adventure

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as well. For women, the influence was not the battlefield. The hair

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style reflected their role. Maternal home makers.

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So, flirtairbsness was out and prudishness was in.

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Those Victorian values, moral rek tued and hard work were closely

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linked to the growth of industry and the rejection of regency row

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monthcism. The early Victorians were defieng

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themselves against what they saw as degenerate era. So aiming to be

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It is about projecting an image which says trust me with your money

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for top facial hair had become symbolic with trustworthiness ant

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standing. People like Charles Dickens and Charles Darwin followed

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the trend which now included elaborate sideburns known as mutton

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chops. The Prince Albert is largely some big sideburns, or mutton chops

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or lamb chops, and we also keep a bit of a moustache as well. It

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Here he is, transformed into a van -- a Victorian gent. Mutton chops.

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They would suit you. They might make my it an almost chin that even

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bigger! -- enormous chin. The legacy of the Victorians is still

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with us to this day, not just the physical fabric of what they left

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behind, but also the birth of things like social responsibility,

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the beginnings of those struggles for a quality and rights that still

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improve our lives to this day. I think you would look really good

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with one of these Victorian bonnets. Really? The look I am going for is

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a future Edwardian. Interesting. It is almost working. Four of the five

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tallest peaks in Britain by in the Cairngorms, the tallest being Benn

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looked eerie at 1309 metres. It has a ghost. By the big grey man who is

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a bit like a yeti, but a man and a ghost. Maybe if we stand here long

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enough we will meet him. Every possibility. The only better view

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you could get than this one is of course if we were birds of prey, if

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you were an eagle. I am glad you said that because there is a

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falconer in Devon who thinks the Throughout history man has dreamt

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of flying and our fascination stemmed from birds. There... It is

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normally what I am looking for. But today I have come to Devon to meet

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a man who can't keep his feet on the ground. He has taken his

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passion for gliding one step further and he has learnt how to

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soar with the birds. Jonathan Marshall is more than just an

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adrenalin junkie. With his squadron of birds, he has used every trick

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in the book to try to soar like Lynne Neagle. This is your

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beautiful collection. He is a professional falconer and has

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trained many birds of prey, but there is one bird in particular he

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has formed a very special bond with. Who is this? This is Samson. He is

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giving me the RI! He is a golden eagle. What a handsome bird he is.

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How heavy is he? A very heavy. He is about 10 lbs at the moment. He

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could get heavier than that in the winter. How did you become

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acquainted with Samson? He was originally stolen from a zoo and

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kept in a wardrobe for four months. Somebody found dumped about it and

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the house was raided and they found the Eagle. He was brought down to

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me for rehabilitation. I also had to befriend him, which a lot of

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people think sounds corny, but you can't train a bird unless it trusts

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you. I had to sit with him night after night and we used to watch

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the telly, we watched the X Factor, the One Show. Eventually I got his

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trust and he is now in great condition. What does it feel like

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to fly with a golden eagle? You can't put it into words. You can't,

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but it is like having the most amazing secret that you can't tell

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anybody about because they will never understand it. When we fly

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together, it is just me and Sampson in his world. I don't have a mobile

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phone or any bills of people pestering. It is quiet and you are

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sharing the air with the most beautiful bird in the world.

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Sampson teaches me a lot about flying because he is born with a

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knowledge of the air and thermals and how to use them. I follow him

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and you can guarantee sooner or later he will find they left. Most

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hang-glider pilots used electronic instruments. I used a golden eagle.

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That is cool. Now it is my turn to see him in action. Time for his

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That wasn't as we planned! thought -- I said he was raring to

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go. We were supposed to have a little chat. Look at him go. If you

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watch, he is hardly flapping. The crows are flapping like mad and he

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is not beating the wing, he is just gliding. Obviously golden eagles

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spend an enormous amount of time in the wild soaring around. They can't

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afford to expend energy flapping. Those big wings hold him up without

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any effort. Golden eagles were once persecuted almost to the brink of

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extinction. But today, there are over 500 wild breeding pairs found

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mainly in the Scottish Highlands. With a wingspan of well over two

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metres, golden eagles can plummet down on to pray at speeds of up to

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50 mph. They are incredibly sharp - their sharp eyesight can see a

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rabbit from over a mile away so for Samson spotting a piece of meat in

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my hand is a piece of cake. Here he comes. Cricket as tight as you can.

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It is incredible. Can you feel the strength? Amazing. Like a

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pterodactyl descending. He will take my hand off! I will have to

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count all of my fingers later, but being so close to such a majestic

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bird and seeing the bond Jonathan and Sampson share has been a truly

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Well, there are not many people who can say they have flown with a

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golden eagle. It is while doubt here, we are 250 yards at least

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from the nearest cafe. -- it is wild. But people have made their

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homes here for decades. It is a bit longer than that. One was 6,000

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years ago. How do you find the stuff out? You have to look for the

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evidence, it is everywhere. Only a few people can spot these clues.

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The history of our land. It is a real skill. Thank goodness

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Angellica Bell is one of them. Hadrian's Wall in Northumbria, the

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boundary of the great Roman Empire which stretched all the way from

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here to Syria. It divided the wild tribes of the north from the

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citizens of Roman Britain. 90 miles to the south, a surprising new

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piece of evidence has emerged about the identity of people living here

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under Roman rule. Today York is better known for its Viking

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heritage, -- Viking heritage, but it was founded by the heritage --

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Romans in 71 A D. It quickly turned into a thriving town. Parts of

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there 30 that Roman wall that surrounded the town still stand.

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But it is underground that the most exciting discoveries about the

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Romans in Britain have been made. This lady is a Roman specialist.

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She has been re-examining remains from York dug up in the early 1900s

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and has made a surprising new discovery. What have you got to

:24:07.:24:13.

show us? And interesting find from the Roman York. It is the skull of

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a young woman who lived in the fourth century. If we look at her

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facial features, the width between her eyes and the shape of the nose

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indicate black and so street and then the shape of the nasal spine

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and the lower face indicate white ancestry. That suggests she was of

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mixed race. Do you think she travelled hit or she was born in

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this country? We asked the same question and we looked at her teeth.

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Through the water you drink and the food you eat, certain elements are

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deposited and this chemical fingerprinting technique tells us

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she is almost certainly not from York, she has come from somewhere

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slightly warmer, perhaps the Mediterranean. We assume this woman

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was a slave. For the Association of Africans and slavery is modern. In

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the Roman world, slaves came from other parts of the Empire, and also

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has -- skeleton shows us she was living a good life. Her grave goods,

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which were found in a stone coffin, tell us she was of very high status.

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We have this very beautiful necklace made of blue glass. Also,

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some bracelets. This is made of jet, which comes from nearby Whitby. It

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shows she was shopping for jewellery in York and one of

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elephant ivory. An African connection. Because of that, we

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have nicknamed her the ivory bangles lady. What these goods are

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saying is she was wealthy. We know the ivory bangles lady was 5 ft 1,

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about average for the time. And that she died in her early twenties.

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And now, thanks to facial reconstruction, we can reveal for

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the first time what she might have looked like. So what was life like

:25:59.:26:02.

for the ivory bangles lady in the fourth century? Surprisingly, she

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was not the only foreign immigrant living in Roman York. The Roman

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Empire was similar to the modern EU, with a free flow of people across

:26:10.:26:16.

Europe. Much like today, Roman York and other British cities were

:26:17.:26:20.

highly cosmopolitan and multicultural. This street was the

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main Roman road in York, and it is amazing to think that even 1,700

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years ago, there was a real mix of people. Either might have been a

:26:32.:26:37.

long way from Rome, but it was not a sleepy suburb. It had great trade

:26:37.:26:40.

networks and a large population. The ivory bangles lady would have

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enjoyed all the trappings of Roman life, such as shopping in the busy

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market forum and the favourite pastime of all Roman citizens. This

:26:50.:26:53.

bath house dates back to the fourth century and was part of a military

:26:53.:26:57.

fortress. Women would not have been allowed to be a thick, it would

:26:57.:27:01.

have been full of sweaty soldiers. One of whom might have been the

:27:01.:27:05.

ivory bangles Lady's husband. As the military hub for Britain's

:27:05.:27:09.

defence, this was one of the most important towns of the Roman Empire.

:27:09.:27:13.

It was so important, emperors came here. One of the most famous

:27:13.:27:18.

imperial visits was in 306 when this chap, Constantine the Great,

:27:18.:27:23.

was proclaimed Emperor right here in York. It is amazing to think the

:27:23.:27:27.

ivory bangles lady was living here around the time this great emperor

:27:27.:27:37.
:27:37.:27:39.

A mixed-race woman living in York in the fourth century, I just

:27:39.:27:43.

wasn't expecting that. But the biggest eye-opener for me is

:27:43.:27:47.

discovering just how much people moved around during the Roman times

:27:47.:27:50.

and just how multicultural it really was.

:27:50.:27:54.

That is what the Romans did for us. Along with everything else. It has

:27:54.:27:58.

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