10/07/2014 The One Show

Tonight, we have John Sergeant, talking about the history of the

combine harvester. And Lucy Siegle is reporting on changes in milk

production over the last 25 years on TASS hang on, what is going on in no

I will tell you, I am in charge tonight, and there are going to be

some big changes. Can we at least have our theme tune? All right,

then. Run titles. Please welcome our boss for the

night, John Craven! Lovely to have you in charge! That was a big run

from the gallery. It is a big year for you, celebrating 25 years on

Countryfile. Yes, hard believe. Very hard. But to celebrate, they have

asked you to edit an episode, so you are having a dry run with us

tonight. Just pretending. Following in the footsteps of Prince Charles.

Yes, he was our first guest editor, and he selected exactly what he

wanted on Countryfile. A few days later, I was at a reception for

David Bellamy, for his 80th birthday, and Prince Philip was

there. He came up to me and he said, my son was on your programme, in

quite a proud way. I guess he is hoping for the same kind of service

that we gave him with you! I am not sure! But it gives me the chance to

look back at some of the things over the last 25 years which I would like

to bring up to date, really. Are you happy for us to move on, for now? Of

course, yes. On we go, then. Recently, we asked you to vote for

which key problem facing the world should receive a ?10 million

investment from the Longitude Prize. You voted for antibiotic

resistance, which the Prime Minister has also identified as something

which worries him. Tony Livesey has been to see how some cutting-edge

research is being carried out, with the help of leaf-cutting ants.

Millions of lives have been saved around the world next to this man,

Alexander Fleming, who discovered penicillin, right here in Britain,

in 1928. While new diseases are identified every year, the last new

antibiotic was discovered 24 years ago, and back here are becoming more

and more resistant. Finding a way to combat that resistance is occupying

scientists around the world, which is where these little creatures come

in - ants. Scientists have been studying these leafcutter ants from

central and South America, which produce their own antibiotics using

bacteria on their bodies, and it is thought they might hold the key to

antibiotic resistance. Scientists have been travelling the globe,

harvesting plants, marine life and insects in their search for new

antibiotics. Here at the royal society, this colony of ants,

belonging to Dr Matt Hutchings from the University of East Anglia, have

won a coveted race at the summer exhibition. We evolve more slowly

than bacteria, so they are evolving very clever methods so that we

cannot destroy them. Then we need some help, which is why we need

antibiotics. These ants have exactly the same problem that we have, they

also grow bacteria on their bodies, which they use to treat disease, and

we hope that they may be useful in human medicine. Why has this not

been done before? We only discovered about ten years ago that the white

covering on these ants were these bacteria, nobody knew they were

growing these bacteria until ten years ago. So, we are testing these

against fungi which commonly affect humans. This is a strain which kills

the fungus. You can see, it is growing around it, but it cannot

grow anywhere near it. This can be used in relation to a common

infection. There are also four strains which are related to another

particularly nasty organism. What are the chances of this being mass

produced? First of all, we have to work out what the antibiotic is and

how it works, then we have to make sure it is not toxic to humans, then

it will go through clinical trials, and in about 10-15 years, if all

goes well, it will get to the clinic. So, while we wait for the

fans to do their stuff, what happens in the meantime? An estimated 25,000

people die every year in Europe from antibiotic resistant infections,

5000 of them in the UK. The Prime Minister has commissioned a review

into why so few new drugs have been developed in recent years.

We are in danger of going back to the dark ages of medicine, to

infections which were treatable no longer treatable. So, the race is

on. It is mankind versus bacteria. I have come to the London School of

Hygiene Tropical Medicine to find out what might happen if the

bacteria win. What have we got here? We have got MRSA, and you can

see on here six risks which contain different antibiotics, and you can

see the growth of the bacteria all around the plate. This zone here

indicates that for that antibiotic, it is working, it is killing the

bacteria. However, those four antibiotics are not working, so, if

you were in a hospital and you were treated with those, they would not

work. The danger I guess for you guys is if none of the six work? And

that is happening at this moment. There are some bacteria which are

resistant to all of the antibiotics, and that is the big issue. It is

frightening. How worried are you, what is your doomsday scenario? That

would be, if I went home into my garden and pricked my finger on a

phone, and I got blood poisoning, and normally, you would think, I

could have an antibiotic, but it may not be available, and you could get

septicaemia and die. The chances are remote at the moment, but we have to

be prepared. We know that incidences of resistance are increasing more

and more, and now is the time to take action. So, it seems antibiotic

resistance is one of the main threats to our future existence. Can

a seemingly unimportant leafcutter ant save mankind? It is becoming

increasingly apparent to me that something has to. We are joined by

Dr Mark Porter. You would like to clarify something? I would like the

leafcutter to save us, but the example they were talking about was

antifungal, rather than antibacterial. But they are looking

into that as well. That is the one which the Prime Minister is so

worried about. How will the ?10 million prize helped the issue? It

is a fortune, but it is a drop in the ocean in research terms. It

costs about half ?1 billion at least to bring a new antibiotic to market.

But this ?10 million will be useful to give people like me, GPs, a test

so that we can tell whether you have got a viral or bacterial infection.

Remember, most things do not need antibiotics, and I cannot tell the

difference when I am looking at you. Imagine if I had some kind of

dipstick so that I could tell immediately, and it would mean that

I could use the antibiotics appropriately. I would not be urging

on the side of caution, and you would not be pushing me for

antibiotics, in a case where it would not work anyway. Some people

do push for them. I am thinking, I cannot really tell, if he is really

pushy, give him a perception. That is happening in surgeries all around

the country. But say a patient comes in who genuinely needs antibiotics,

how would this lack of resistance affect them? Actually, most bacteria

which are resistant to antibiotics, even MRSA, are not that nasty for

most of us. Most of us have it in the back of our throats, without

even knowing. It is a big problem for people who are ill, with

compromised immune systems, who are having chemotherapy, for example.

But for most of us, they are not a problem - yet. You can come in with

cystitis or a wound infection, I can treat you, and if the first one does

not work, I normally have a reserve. It is not a Brit problem yet, but it

could be going forward. It is all about stewardship. Indeed, together,

we can do it. We need to do it together. Footage from a security

camera captured this moment, when a manhole cover exploded in London

last week. Thankfully, nobody was hurt. That it is not the first time

it has happened. So far this year, there have been 64 reported

incidents of exploding manhole covers. It may sound funny, but Joe

Crowley has been talking to some people who can assure us it is

anything but. Some of you might be a little bit superstitious about

avoiding manholes, but it is ridiculous, right? What is the worst

that could happen? Well, this. There has been a series of explosions from

manhole covers across the UK, causing some serious injuries. The

most recent high-profile incident was just last week in Piccadilly,

central London. In fact, in 2011, pavement explosions across the UK

quadrupled, leading to fears that one of them could soon be proving

fatal. I am off to see Bradley, who experienced a pavement explosion

just metres from his family home in Surrey. What happened? Basically,

the manhole cover which was their, fire had blown a corner off it, it

burned the hedge and the car. The fire was immense. And you have got

two young kids, it could have been much worse? It could have been, if

they were walking around the drive. It just happened within seconds,

with no warning. How are you feeling about it now? Scared, we do not know

if it is going to happen again. So, what exactly is causing the manholes

to explode? what exactly is causing the manholes

It is an electrical explosion, which is brought on by moisture getting

into the electrics. Water and electricity do not mix. But this is

a bit like leaves on the line, isn't it? This is a wet country! Surely

these boxes should be built to withstand moisture? They are,

normally, but there are about 50,000 of these in London alone. The

failure rates are quite low, but those which have occurred have been

the cause of concern. I was wondering if energy companies did

not want to take responsible that he because it might set a precedent for

future problems, but are you saying they have to take responsible to,

because it is their asset? Indeed, it is. They have a duty to inspect

and maintain them and all of that equipment. So, if it is a question

of maintenance, does some of the blame lies with the energy

distribution companies? When will these instances start to come down

in numbers? These are caused by a number of factors. The vast majority

are faults which occur on the system, without any impact on the

external area. How would you reassure members of the public? We

absolutely want to reassure people, there are more inspections taking

place, more money being spent on this. Can we expect to see a

creasing number of pavement explosions? Already, we only have a

very small number of such incidences, and we are working to

bring that number down. So, the industry says it is taking action,

but while the number of pavement explosions continue to rise, you

could be forgiven for being a little bit superstitious around manholes.

I already do not walk across trains, now I will have to add manholes to

that list as well! It makes me glad I work in the countryside! You are

editing an episode of Countryfile, as we said, so you are effectively

mapped's boss? Just for one week. It is going to be one week on Sunday. I

am still working out what the content is going to be. But I would

like to look back at some of the big issues which we have done over the

years, and some of the fun things, and I have got a nice little story

for you. You would not believe it, he set me up I am going to the very

spot where a certain British car got its name from. And it is a pretty

special car. It is. You have been too soft on him, John. Anyway, it is

a brilliant programme, by the way, John. And I have asked Tom Heap to

look into what has happened to the organic movement over the last 25

years. The very first film I did on Countryfile was about - does organic

farming have a future? So I am getting him to investigate. Is that

one of the biggest changes? Because it is huge now, isn't it? It's hard

to imagine but only about 15 years ago there were no farmers' markets

in this country. I went to America to film for Countryfile in

California, where they were big, and we just missed George Clooney buying

his fruit and veg in Hollywood! We made that little film and we like to

think that we were partly responsible for the growth of

farmers' markets. People saw that film and thought, why don't we have

one? And now there are 700 around the country. It has been a real

change moving Countryfile to the evil and slot. -- evening slot. A

huge difference. The morning programme was extremely popular but

now it is the most popular of all programmes. -- factual programmes.

Because we knew you were coming on, I wanted to look back through the

Countryfile archives and find some really wonderful clips to show how

wonderful a bloke John is so you can imagine my surprise when I found

this. It's 50 years since I'll asked road

one of these bikes but they do say you never forget how to ride a bike.

Let's hope they're right. When I find out which producer came up with

this idea... If I'd wanted to be in the hairy bikers I would have done

cooking lessons at school. There is Matt Baker sat on the cosy One Show

studio with the lovely Alex Jones. Rock and roll! This calendar again!

Nothing but hedgehogs and chaffinches. It needs some shots of

me. Harry Styles has one - why not John Craven? One more take and then

I'm off. I hope the taxi is waiting. I hate the blooming countryside. It

makes me sneeze. I'm off. Smile and invoice. Laters! Of course, we have

to say a very big thank you to Jon Culshaw. That was brilliant. He does

me very well. There he is earlier. Sometimes, John, when people see you

on TV, they wonder if you are retiring. No, it's just 25 years.

Just time to do another year or so. -- just signed. People ask if I want

to be on the programme as long as you and the answer is, how long will

you be on the programme? You see a hill and I have to confirm that I

can climb the hill. You can see Countryfile this Sunday at 6pm on

BBC One and John's 25th anniversary programme will be on our screens on

the 20th of July. It's a week on Sunday! I'll just keep you right. I

was saying that Countryfile is on this Sunday but yours is on next

Sunday. Two Countryfile boys here! The summer holidays are within

touching distance and John, your fondest childhood holiday? I was

about 20 before I went abroad on holiday because in my generation,

you didn't go abroad. I was born in Leeds so you used to go up the

Yorkshire coast of Bridlington. Or sometimes Whitby, which was a bit

more upmarket. Good fish and chips! The Isle of Sheppey is a destination

close to the heart of actor Linda Robson and she took Christine

Walkden for a girls' weekend away. They say birds of a feather flock

together but during and 1960s, hordes of Londoners came to the Isle

of Sheppey, off the north coast of Kent, for their summer holidays. One

such London was actress Linda Robson and I'm taking her and her sisters

Tina and Debbie on a trip down memory lane. This was our yearly

holiday. Our dad used to drive us down on Friday, stay with us until

Sunday, go back to work and because back-up the following weekend. Mum

used to get the chalet for nothing because she would open it up and do

all the cleaning. Dad would paint it, occasionally. After we direct

it! -- after we had wrecked it. We are arriving in style in this board

as ever, just like their dad owned in 1966. -- Ford Zephyr. How did he

afford a car like this? It didn't seem flash at the time. He was a

roofer and decorator. It was over 1000 quid, this car. He obviously

had more money than he told us! We are heading for the holiday camps

and amusement arcades. We were hyperventilating to get here! Those

are the amusements that we used to go to. They got a few bob of hours!

First up is the very camp that the girls used to stay at. It's exactly

how I remember it. We didn't have settees, just a table and chairs. It

was just time when you were away from all the distractions - no

telephones, just family time, all talking and having a laugh, playing

cards - and just all being together, away from everything. You both have

the experience of having to grow up with a sister who has been famous.

How did you view that? There are lots of privileges. It's been

fantastic. A whole different life, really. It's been amazing. I don't

like to tell her that too much! And it was right here at this club that

Linda first took to the stage. Come on, you lot! Mum and dad were

sitting down there watching. One two, three, go.

# I want a man to hold me tight # I want a robot man #.

I don't know whether some came from. We used to sing it as our party

piece when we were young. -- where the song came from. OK, we'll leave

it to Connie Francis who had a hit with Robot Man in 1964 stop time to

have a well earned copper. This was our little treat. Sometimes me and

my dad would come along here. Dad used to ask who wanted to go for a

walk to buy the newspaper and you used a volunteer. It wasn't until we

caught you one day that we realised you and dad was up here having a

full English while we were at the chalet having cornflakes. You

shouldn't have been so lazy! You should have come for a walk. I want

to know about Nanny Linder. Granny sounds quite ancient. We are quite

young! Until you've had a grandchild, you don't understand.

When you wake up in the morning you think about them and you can't wait

to see them. You don't want to give them back, do you? I think it's

geocities sisters, cheers to Nannys and cheers to the Isle of Sheppey!

Yes! My mum is a nanny for that exact

reason. It's a good name. We are joined on the sofa by Waffle, a

five-year-old Lakeland terrier who is absolutely gorgeous. She's been

making headlines due to her ability to collect balls whilst out on walks

with her owner Sarah, who has joined us. To be fair, quite a few balls.

We've got a remarkable picture here. When did this all start? This

started right from the age of about three months. She first found a

leather ball at the top of the garden hidden away and that was a

special treasure. From that moment, her mission in life is to rescue

lost and lonely balls, wherever they are. Where do you keep all these

balls? We've got literally hundreds of them in the garage. A remarkable

coincidence - this morning when we were preparing for John, we wrote

down all our questions and put them in balls around the BBC and we lost

them. So thankfully, Waffle has found some of the questions for us.

The first one - I think she went up to the office, didn't she? She's in

my dressing room! I would have cleaned, had I known! Here is the

first one. Now then, John, Waffle can't resist licking balls. What is

your guilty secret? Guilty secret? I like pies, actually. Any kind of

pie. Preferably meat pies, fruit pies. I know they're not very good

for you. Mark would have a fit if I said Aida pies a lot. So would my

wife. I'm a secret pie eater! -- if I said I bet pies a lot. Have a look

at this. You've sat in a few vehicles in your time. This is a

lorry driver's view. Look at his left wing mirrors. Everything looks

normal but get out of the cab, walk around and this is the situation on

the road. Look at that for a blindspot! Unbelievable. Marty

Jopson has been to Bristol to see trials of a brand-new device which

it is hoped will make cycling safer and may even save lives in the

future. Every year in the UK, over 3000

cyclists are seriously injured and over 100 are killed. But here in

Bristol, a trial has just started on a new device that could alert

drivers when bikes passed with an audible warning. Cycle Eye is a

small box that has been designed to be mounted on the left-hand side of

a bus, tracking anything that comes along, like a bike. The inventors

claim that it can distinguish between bicycles and everything else

on the road, from cars to pedestrians and even lamp posts.

That means it will only one the bus tried when it's absolutely

necessary. -- warn. Jim is one of the brains behind it. It has a

camera. How does it work? There is a camera and a radar just below it.

The radar is the primary sensor, which can detect the range, speed

and type of object. We use the camera to verify what the radar is

seeing and we get a dependable, robust system. The radar

continuously sends out radio waves. When they hit something, like a

bicycle, they bounced back to the receiver, just like this ball.

Depending on how fast the radio waves or tennis ball bounces back

from the scientist, the device can work out where the cyclist is. --

from the cyclist. It can work out which direction they are going in

and how fast. Inside the box above the wing mirror is a powerful

computer which processes the data in real-time. But how does it know if

it is actually a cyclist? Here we have the video. This is what the

radar sees. If I run this through... That's me! Yes, and

that's your radar trace. It knew I was a cyclist. It's very difficult

to see for the human eye but using the computer, we can look at the

very small differences between them and tell what an object is. We don't

want the system going off all the time because the driver would end up

ignoring it so it's very important that it only picks up cyclists. I

think it's time to put it to the test. Cyclist left. Will it spot a

bicycle made for two? Cyclist left. It saw us! It seems to be working

but let's make it a bit harder. Cyclist left. Well, I'd probably

want the driver to know if I was scooting up the inside lane on one

of these! In recent years, Bristol buses have had to cope with a 94%

rise in people cycling to work and a two-month trial has just started

here to help fine tune the device. Today is the first time driver Alex

will be giving it a go. What's it like driving a bus in Bristol? It's

a challenge. The same as driving any other large vehicles. You have to be

ultra-mindful of the cyclists. The volume of cyclist is exceptional in

Bristol. Let's see how it gets on on the road. All we need now is a few

bicycles. There is a cyclist we're about to overtake but it didn't see

it because we overtook the bicycle. That's fine. Here is a cyclist.

Cyclist left. It got that one! Cyclist left. That was a motorbike.

That is close. Not bad for a first go. This is an incredibly ingenious

system and our little trip around Bristol has proved that it's part of

every single bicycle that passed us on the left-hand side. It is still

in development but when and if it finally ends up on the buses, it

could be a life-saver. You should have seen Waffle's face

when Marty got that tennis ball out. That's all we got time for. John,

thank you so much. You can see Countryfile every Sunday with

John's special 25th anniversary on the 20th of July at 7:30 p.m..

Thanks to Waffle and Sarah. Dan and I will be joined by Nicole

Scherzinger tomorrow. See you then. Goodbye.

If your friend was taken away... # Not giving in... #

I'm afraid there's not much we can do.

..how would you fight to get her back?

This is wrong. I'm not going to carry on as if nothing has happened.

You think anyone should be allowed to live here?

We're under attack and we can't defend ourselves alone.