17/01/2012 The One Show


17/01/2012

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Welcome to The One Show with... Matt Baker. With us tonight is a

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man who is never short of a word unless it is this one.

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It is Bradley Walsh. People have got to earn their applause on this

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show. Bradley, we were in your dressing room, and we have

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practised how to say it properly. It is. Take the applause. It is

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echoing all over across London! Ah, brilliant.

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Thank goodness you were there with that card!

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We have tested your pronunciation and we will have a word about your

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agenting. Over Christmas, London Bridge really was falling down. The

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A4 flyover was closed for emergency repairs.

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They found out that the bridge was corroding, but how many bridges

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around the country are in danger of going the same way. Marty Jopson

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does digging. Concrete, it is the building block

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of the world we live in today. Made up of cement, crushed limestone and

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sand and water, we produce seven- and-a-half billion cubic meters of

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the stuff each year. While its modern use is universal, concrete's

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strength as a building material means it has been used for hundreds

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of years. It was used in Rome, built back in 120 AD, an early form

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of concrete is believed to have been used in the pyramids. 2,000

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years later and we are still using concrete, but for bridges like this

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one in Hammersmith, the concrete needs to be reinforced with steel

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so it can bend and that's where the problem begins.

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The problems that happen in Hammersmith could happen in a lot

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of old concrete structures where you have steel running through the

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middle of the structure and if they get wet and if the water contains

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salt, then you can get corrosion of the steel and then your structure

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becomes at risk. Imagine these yarns are the tendons

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which are inside a bridge like Hammersmith. We will see what

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happens if they fail at the same time.

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In England, the Highways Agency knows about the problem. They test

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their 18,500 reinforced concrete bridges and flyovers every two

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years. They are working on the Tewkesbury Road underbridge. Last

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year, they spent �2..7 million on maintenance at Spaghetti Junction.

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In Scotland, they are taking no chances and they are making sure

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the concrete in that bridge, not that one, that bridge is 100% OK.

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Chief engineer, Barry Coalford is showing me the problem.

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This is the place where the main cable slays out and is anchored

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into the rock at the end of the bridge.

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This is the big cable? Yes. This is the end of it? Yes, that's

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right. So what's the problem? These steel

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cables look fine? They do. They do and they are, but the problem is

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what happens down there in the bits that we can't see. It is a 60 meter

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long concrete tunnel. It is an aggressive environment. The

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seawater goes up and down with the tide and we need to establish the

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condition of the steel cables within the tunnel.

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What's going on here? This is the excavation for us to get down to

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the tunnel where our issues are likely to be.

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What do you if it turns out if the cables are rusty? That's a

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difficult question to answer. We will have to evaluate the existing

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strength of the anchorages and make a prediction of what the strength

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is likely to be over the next few years and that's not an easy thing

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to do. It is possible to build new anchorages and we can do that

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without disturbing traffic, but it is a big piece of civil engineering.

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Traffic is still rolling here, which is good news for commuters,

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but the bad news is that as Britain's concrete structures grow

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older, there is likely to be more Thanks, Marty. Dick Strawbridge is

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here. Bradley... Yes. You could have been an engineer,

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well you were for a bit. Well, I worked on jet engines for

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Rolls-Royce. I went to their training school and stuff like that

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and I ended up fitting aircraft engines, yeah. The helicopter

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engines and the factory which I worked is defunct and is the Harry

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Potter film studios in Watford. How are you on bridges though?

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I am steady on bridges! LAUGHTER

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Well, some of the ones coming up, you won't be.

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It is a worrying thing because there is so many bridges around

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Britain? Concrete and steel together, the problems they have

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got, it will continue getting worse. We have been building bridges

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forever. The oldest bridge in the UK, we are talking about Power

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Steps, a granite on blocks and rock solid and we are talking about

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something the best part of 1,000 BC and it works today, but in modern

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times, we are talking from Victorian times, people are using

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less materials to build bridges because bridges are expensives.

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Instead of making a big, chunky one that will last forever, they build

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a bridge with less materials and that can introduce problems.

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It is not corrosion, it is resonance. Alex and her terms!

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also trained as an engineer. If you have got a light bridge, it

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can move. The best way to talk about resonance. You know a kiddy

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on the swing, if you push them, they go further and further. If you

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just randomly shove them, they keep banging into your hand. The

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resonance is when you have something make ago structure move

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with a frequency that is going to get to the stage where it will

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start moving a lot. Gallopin Gertie is the most

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incredible example. Bradley, look at this. This is a suspension

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bridge, we are talking about 1940 here, when the wind was 40mph, it

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was known to move. Get the wind at the right speed and instead of

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moving a couple of inches, it moved 28 feet.

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Didn't they find that on the millennium Bridge, at one time it

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had resonance and once a body of people start moving with it...

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can experience that for yourself with the aid of jelly.

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Right! If we are looking at resonance. It

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is all about seeing when you wobble things to the point where they

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break up. Grab your jellies! I will have the breast implant.

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yet. Not yet. Steady. Steady. Just move it a little bit, you can see

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your jelly is safe. Yes, it is looking good.

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looking good. A very secure pyramid.

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That looks wrong! If you wobble it quickly, very,

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very quickly, backwards and forwards, and it is all right. Now,

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if you vibrate backwards and forwards and try and get to the

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point where your jelly goes backwards and forwards.

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If you are having jelly or your tea join in.

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It has gone. I'm sorry.

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Mine is pretty secure. Let me borrow yours. If you can

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imagine people marching across. It starts to go into... Oh, there we.

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Oh, your top has come off. The pyramid has dislodged.

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It is not often you see 1,000 people walking across a bridge with

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a plate of jelly. The army aren't allowed to march across bridges

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anymore anymore in case this anymore anymore in case this

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happens. The jellies are real? Of course,

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they are! FANFARE We usually have trumpets at

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the beginning. A trumpet in the middle, can only mean one thing,

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the bride is on her way. Lady Diana Spencer is one of the

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countless brides who walked up the aisle to trumpet voluntary.

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But the life of its composer is shrouded in mystery. Little is

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known about Clarke's early life. He was born around 1674, but we don't

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know where. What we do know is that at the age

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of eleven, he was one of the elite band of boys at the Chapel Royal,

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singing in the Royal Family's personal choir. And in 1699, aged

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25, he arrived here at a place that would have a huge impact on his

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life, St Paul's Cathedral. Clarke came here at a significant

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time. Some 30 years earlier, in 1666 St Paul's had been destroyed

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by the Great Fire of London. Sir Christopher Wren had created a new

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building. When Clarke arrived, there was a new building.

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He came here as a singer and became organist and trained the choristers

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as well. It is unusual that somebody should hold both those

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jobs simultaneously. His trumpet voluntary, wasn't

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created for a religious setting, it was composed for the theatre.

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It was not uncommon for come for composers to write for the theatre

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as well as the church. What was the job? It it might have

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covered the arrival of some prince or some scenery that would have

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thrilled the audience and given them excitement.

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Clarke performed the piece at St Paul's.

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How do we get theatre music into a cathedral? There was no hard and

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fast rules in those days. A piece that was written for the theatre

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would almost certainly will have been adapted for Clarke for his

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daily use at St Paul's. You are seated at an organ? Organs

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and then had stops that could simulate orchestral instruments.

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There is a trumpet. There is servicemen trumpets -- several

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trumpets. This is a little one that might have sounded similar to

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Clarke's. It marked the beginning of a

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prestigious career. Then tragedy struck and the press of the day

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recorded the event. What happened? The poor man shot

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himself. He shot himself in the head with a pistol.

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Do we know why? It seems to be for the love of a young woman. It says

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she was a a young married woman. So it could be that he got himself

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into a pickle with a married girl? It does suggest that he was an

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unhappy man at the time. It talks about him having a discontent.

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a tragic story. Clarke's tune fell into obscurity

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for almost 200 years. Then in 1897, Henry Wood, founder of the Proms,

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came across the manuscript. He believed the tune was by Purcell,

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but made it popular again. 40 years later, experts recognised it was

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It is a wonderful piece. Why does it stand out from the crowd? It is

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the strength of the tune. It is a good Royal, regal tune. Then it is

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the fact that it is wonderful to walk to. If you are a bride

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listening to this, it is a good speed and it makes you feel that

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you are in a really important day. It stood the test of time and yet

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it seems fresh today? It always does. That's one of the great marks

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of a good piece of music. And the setting helps, doesn't it?

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What a delightful film. Now, the 6th series of Law & Order UK, two

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weeks there now. The third one is on Friday, a big episode. Is the

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transition from comedian to actor complete? Maybe. To be fair, I was

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acting many years ago and I sort of drifted into comedy. I found I was

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always one of the lads messing around but doing a bit of acting

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anyway and I found myself ending up in television, presenting and Ray

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Winstone told me to go back into acting and so I did. At the episode

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on Friday, let's have a look at Friday's Abersoch and an old case

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come back to haunt you. The -- episode.

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We know Simon Burnett is as guilty as the day is long. I thought that

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as well. And you don't any more? don't know. He had her blood all

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over his shirt. You tell me how he -- out-hit got there it P wasn't

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the one caving her head in. What if we got it wrong? What if you got it

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wrong? It is a fabulous episode. I have got to say, or Tom and Tim,

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who are in the episode, it is really good. It is so sad, though,

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get ready, have your tissues ready, because a girl dies and the father

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gets blamed for the murder. It is reopened 14 years later. Really sad

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and it is sad to watch. Very moving. As we have heard tonight, you have

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had loads of different jobs. Comedian, actor. You were also a

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professional footballer. I played at Brentford or two years, I

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actually played at Loftus Road. There I am. I look like my son

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there. We also found your player profile from a match-day programme.

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It asks you some questions. We have got the actual questions. We will

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see if you can remember the answers. 30 seconds on the clock. Are you

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going to kick off? Yes. How much did you wait then? When I play?

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About 10 stone 12. Close, 10 stone eight. What Cardiff to drive?

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-- What Car. He was your biggest influence? My dad and my grandad.

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Miscellaneous dislikes. Injustice, racism? It putting weight on and

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being unfit! He did you say your favourite artists were? Shirley

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Bassey, Tom Jones, Norman Wisdom. It is a real mix. You have got

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Russell Harty as well. I used to love his show. And when his Law &

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Order UK on? A Friday at 9pm. Aksa had indeed. A please don't go yet!

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-- thank you for having me on. One crime that could be beyond even

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Bradley's Detective Brooks is cyber spying. It's the theft of valuable

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information from the computers of individuals, companies and even

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entire countries. Matt Allwright searches for ways to

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stem the tide of a multi-billion- pound criminal web.

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Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone, right? Yes, but two

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other inventors, and Italian and American, had roughly the same idea

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at the same time. The difference was that Alexander Bell managed to

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protect his idea and so the telephone is not Italian or

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American, it is British. Hello? How do modern inventors

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protect their ideas and get their products to market first? Answer me

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that. Good question. Now that industrial

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Ettrick -- espionage has gone cyber, it is getting tougher. Last year,

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the theft of intellectual property from UK companies cost �9.2 billion.

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That is why here, at Dyson headquarters, they are not taking

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any chances. Dyson research and development, it is where the magic

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happens. No chance.

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Sir James Dyson owns one of the UK's most successful technological

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companies and that success is based largely on his original innovation

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and design. We are looking five, 10, 15 years out, so it is extremely

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important to keep what we are working hard and what we are

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thinking of working on completely secret. You don't know when you

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have been spied upon, or you find out is a couple of years later that

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somebody got advance knowledge of what you are doing. This is our

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livelihood, what we make our money from and our export from, so if our

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ideas are copied or stolen, we lose jobs and we lose exports and the

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benefit of wealth creation for the country. We have spoken to a number

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of leading British companies to find out if they have been the

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victims of a cyber attack. But surprisingly, most were reluctant

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to reveal details but industry experts tell us that this type of

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cyber crime is now commonplace. Funnily enough, though, it seems

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that hackers aren't terribly keen to give up their secrets. That is

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why we are about to meet Ken and Chris, penetration testers, ethical

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hackers employed by companies to see just how far in they can get.

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Increasingly, we are starting to see cleverly targeted attacks.

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People are not just going scattergun, they are going for an

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individual within a business to compromise their profile and get

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their credentials and use that to step around the business and find

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intellectual property. What are the tools you are using? Area social

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networking side. The amount of information you can get is quite

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scary. There are dresses, at what they do, their friends, where they

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used to work -- There are dresses. Social media is the way to get to

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market, it is also the way to lose intellectual property. I am going

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to meet some guys who are relatively new business with big

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ideas but want to keep them to themselves. Can you do some work

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and see what you can find on them? One company's ingenious invention

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impressed the entrepreneurs of Dragons' Den in 2010. With his

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magic wand, I can, for example play some music up a pot I can rotate it

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to turn the volume up. With your consent, we have been doing some

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digging around and you are pretty secure. Has anything strange

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happened recently? Well, the website went a bit slow and a host

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provider fund has up to say it looked as if somebody was doing a

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penetration test. -- fundus. did you know it was the provider?

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Good question. That phone call was the penetration test that he was

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calling you using an agent of theirs in the United States, which

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is why it sounded convincing because they knew your provider is

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based in Texas. They didn't ask for information because they were

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trying to get due to reset your password on his client website --

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get you. It would have meant he had complete control of your company

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website. Thankfully, Chris and Richard are

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naturally suspicious and did not changed their password, keeping

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their intellectual property and customer information say. The most

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worrying thing about the test was somebody is able to phone up and

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say something and almost hack into your brain and bypass all that

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equipment by making one phone call, pretending to be somebody else that

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using little bits of information. So there is security is pretty

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watertight but if British ideas are still our greatest asset, cyber

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crime poses a formidable threat. If you have got the big ideas, you are

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in the biggest danger. It is losing British jobs, British exports and

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British wealth. It is death, it is exactly what it is and it should be

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stopped. -- it is daft. Matt is here, and it is very

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unsettling watching that. It is when you think about business but

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when you take it to the level of government and the people looking

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after Russ, the UK government are spending �650 million in very tight

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times to make sure all of their systems are safe. They had admitted

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that they have already had a full 1,000 attempted attacks on their

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systems. You have got commerce, government being attacked. And we

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know through the e-mails we received ourselves they are always

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tried to find out our details. far as protecting yourself is

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concerned, what are the best things to do? A lot of people would reset

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their passwords. It was interesting spending time with those guys who

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are paid to try and hack in. What came out of it for me is what ever

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you do, protect your date of birth. That is the one that seems to be

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for a lot of banks and financial institutions, the key to the door.

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How many people put on it is my birthday on Facebook and put

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pictures up. For the record, I am 26 and my birthday is in June.

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It is incredible, because Facebook, Twitter, it is all out there, so it

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is quite accessible. It is the first way in for those guys. Your

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birth they must be very easy to get hold of, I imagine.

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-- birthday. Historian Ruth Goodman loves a

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mystery to solve, so we sent her to York to investigate the case of a

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600-year-old skeleton, a church and a woman who was literally sealed

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into it brick by brick. Wherever you go in the City of York,

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there is history to be found. Even in this rather bleak spot outside

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the city walls of the scares remains of a medieval church. --

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our best guess remains. Just recently, archaeologists made a

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perplexing discovery. They found the skeleton of a middle-aged woman

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buried in a really unusual way. Tyche crouched and buried within

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the walls of the Church. -- tightly. The 600-year-old skeleton was

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buried in a church much like this one, All Saints Church in the

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centre of York, where I have come to meet the archaeologist Graham

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Bruce. These are photographs of some of the normal burials we would

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expect to find in a medieval church, you can see the graves are laid out

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on their backs. This burial was very different. With that type of

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body position, with the knees pulled right up and the arms

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wrapped around, it is a strange burial and we had to try and find

:26:17.:26:21.

out why it had happened. Graham knew of one unusual figure

:26:21.:26:26.

associated with the Church. Was this her? And what do we know about

:26:26.:26:32.

her? And an Caresse lived in the churchyard in the early 15th

:26:32.:26:38.

century. This was a woman who withdrew from society in an act of

:26:38.:26:41.

devotion to God, and in 15th century Britain, the practice was

:26:42.:26:47.

widespread. She would live alone as a religious hermit, secluded from

:26:47.:26:51.

the world in a special cell. Few of these remain but there is still won

:26:51.:26:57.

at All Saints. A woman who chose to do this was

:26:57.:27:04.

actually walk into a space like this. -- sealed. It was a ceremony

:27:04.:27:09.

that was really rather like a funeral ceremony, she was Ricked

:27:09.:27:14.

into the space. Her only contact was through this whole, through

:27:14.:27:19.

which she could hear Mass. In return for this religious devotion,

:27:19.:27:23.

an anchor rest could become a venerated figure in society. She

:27:23.:27:28.

would become almost like a living saint. She would have been well

:27:28.:27:32.

known in her community and consulted as a source of divine

:27:32.:27:35.

wisdom. She was certainly the kind of important figure likely to be

:27:35.:27:41.

buried inside the church, like Alice skeleton. These are the

:27:41.:27:47.

medieval Wales that back-up Graham's theory -- testaments. And

:27:47.:27:57.

they have an intriguing detail. We had a name. Lady Isabel. Nothing

:27:57.:28:01.

else is known about Lady Isabel but the manuscripts contain another

:28:01.:28:08.

vital clue. A date. Here, we have got her Testament.

:28:08.:28:14.

The date is 1448, that must have been presumably when she died.

:28:14.:28:19.

This is all proof of Lady Isabel serving at the church. But could

:28:19.:28:24.

science prove this was her skeleton? The team turned to radio

:28:24.:28:29.

carbon dating to find out. It is looking like the burial was made

:28:29.:28:38.

around about 1450. A bat is amazing. The documentary evidence, 40 and 48

:28:38.:28:40.

was supposedly had death. This really could be the woman we are

:28:40.:28:46.

thinking of -- 1448 was supposedly had death.

:28:46.:28:50.

But the bones revealed the life of this living saint was in fact a

:28:51.:28:54.

living hell. Analysis uncovered a distinctive lesions which meant one

:28:54.:29:04.

thing. Lady Isabel died riddled with syphilis. There is one here.

:29:04.:29:10.

This whole that you can see here was actually formed to allow us to

:29:10.:29:15.

be drained out. So we are talking about something on her arm that was

:29:16.:29:20.

opened. Poor woman. The agony of syphilis was not just

:29:20.:29:25.

physical but spiritual as well. In medieval times, the disease was not

:29:25.:29:30.

known to be sexually transmitted. It was a curse strayed from God. So

:29:30.:29:35.

it is easy to imagine Lady Isabel, a woman who devoted her life to God,

:29:35.:29:39.

asking herself just what she had done to deserve his curse.

:29:40.:29:44.

For me, this is how archaeology really comes into its own. Beyond

:29:44.:29:49.

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