17/01/2012 The One Show

Welcome to The One Show with... Matt Baker. With us tonight is a

man who is never short of a word unless it is this one.

It is Bradley Walsh. People have got to earn their applause on this

show. Bradley, we were in your dressing room, and we have

practised how to say it properly. It is. Take the applause. It is

echoing all over across London! Ah, brilliant.

Thank goodness you were there with that card!

We have tested your pronunciation and we will have a word about your

agenting. Over Christmas, London Bridge really was falling down. The

A4 flyover was closed for emergency repairs.

They found out that the bridge was corroding, but how many bridges

around the country are in danger of going the same way. Marty Jopson

does digging. Concrete, it is the building block

of the world we live in today. Made up of cement, crushed limestone and

sand and water, we produce seven- and-a-half billion cubic meters of

the stuff each year. While its modern use is universal, concrete's

strength as a building material means it has been used for hundreds

of years. It was used in Rome, built back in 120 AD, an early form

of concrete is believed to have been used in the pyramids. 2,000

years later and we are still using concrete, but for bridges like this

one in Hammersmith, the concrete needs to be reinforced with steel

so it can bend and that's where the problem begins.

The problems that happen in Hammersmith could happen in a lot

of old concrete structures where you have steel running through the

middle of the structure and if they get wet and if the water contains

salt, then you can get corrosion of the steel and then your structure

becomes at risk. Imagine these yarns are the tendons

which are inside a bridge like Hammersmith. We will see what

happens if they fail at the same time.

In England, the Highways Agency knows about the problem. They test

their 18,500 reinforced concrete bridges and flyovers every two

years. They are working on the Tewkesbury Road underbridge. Last

year, they spent �2..7 million on maintenance at Spaghetti Junction.

In Scotland, they are taking no chances and they are making sure

the concrete in that bridge, not that one, that bridge is 100% OK.

Chief engineer, Barry Coalford is showing me the problem.

This is the place where the main cable slays out and is anchored

into the rock at the end of the bridge.

This is the big cable? Yes. This is the end of it? Yes, that's

right. So what's the problem? These steel

cables look fine? They do. They do and they are, but the problem is

what happens down there in the bits that we can't see. It is a 60 meter

long concrete tunnel. It is an aggressive environment. The

seawater goes up and down with the tide and we need to establish the

condition of the steel cables within the tunnel.

What's going on here? This is the excavation for us to get down to

the tunnel where our issues are likely to be.

What do you if it turns out if the cables are rusty? That's a

difficult question to answer. We will have to evaluate the existing

strength of the anchorages and make a prediction of what the strength

is likely to be over the next few years and that's not an easy thing

to do. It is possible to build new anchorages and we can do that

without disturbing traffic, but it is a big piece of civil engineering.

Traffic is still rolling here, which is good news for commuters,

but the bad news is that as Britain's concrete structures grow

older, there is likely to be more Thanks, Marty. Dick Strawbridge is

here. Bradley... Yes. You could have been an engineer,

well you were for a bit. Well, I worked on jet engines for

Rolls-Royce. I went to their training school and stuff like that

and I ended up fitting aircraft engines, yeah. The helicopter

engines and the factory which I worked is defunct and is the Harry

Potter film studios in Watford. How are you on bridges though?

I am steady on bridges! LAUGHTER

Well, some of the ones coming up, you won't be.

It is a worrying thing because there is so many bridges around

Britain? Concrete and steel together, the problems they have

got, it will continue getting worse. We have been building bridges

forever. The oldest bridge in the UK, we are talking about Power

Steps, a granite on blocks and rock solid and we are talking about

something the best part of 1,000 BC and it works today, but in modern

times, we are talking from Victorian times, people are using

less materials to build bridges because bridges are expensives.

Instead of making a big, chunky one that will last forever, they build

a bridge with less materials and that can introduce problems.

It is not corrosion, it is resonance. Alex and her terms!

also trained as an engineer. If you have got a light bridge, it

can move. The best way to talk about resonance. You know a kiddy

on the swing, if you push them, they go further and further. If you

just randomly shove them, they keep banging into your hand. The

resonance is when you have something make ago structure move

with a frequency that is going to get to the stage where it will

start moving a lot. Gallopin Gertie is the most

incredible example. Bradley, look at this. This is a suspension

bridge, we are talking about 1940 here, when the wind was 40mph, it

was known to move. Get the wind at the right speed and instead of

moving a couple of inches, it moved 28 feet.

Didn't they find that on the millennium Bridge, at one time it

had resonance and once a body of people start moving with it...

can experience that for yourself with the aid of jelly.

Right! If we are looking at resonance. It

is all about seeing when you wobble things to the point where they

break up. Grab your jellies! I will have the breast implant.

yet. Not yet. Steady. Steady. Just move it a little bit, you can see

your jelly is safe. Yes, it is looking good.

looking good. A very secure pyramid.

That looks wrong! If you wobble it quickly, very,

very quickly, backwards and forwards, and it is all right. Now,

if you vibrate backwards and forwards and try and get to the

point where your jelly goes backwards and forwards.

If you are having jelly or your tea join in.

It has gone. I'm sorry.

Mine is pretty secure. Let me borrow yours. If you can

imagine people marching across. It starts to go into... Oh, there we.

Oh, your top has come off. The pyramid has dislodged.

It is not often you see 1,000 people walking across a bridge with

a plate of jelly. The army aren't allowed to march across bridges

anymore anymore in case this anymore anymore in case this

happens. The jellies are real? Of course,

they are! FANFARE We usually have trumpets at

the beginning. A trumpet in the middle, can only mean one thing,

the bride is on her way. Lady Diana Spencer is one of the

countless brides who walked up the aisle to trumpet voluntary.

But the life of its composer is shrouded in mystery. Little is

known about Clarke's early life. He was born around 1674, but we don't

know where. What we do know is that at the age

of eleven, he was one of the elite band of boys at the Chapel Royal,

singing in the Royal Family's personal choir. And in 1699, aged

25, he arrived here at a place that would have a huge impact on his

life, St Paul's Cathedral. Clarke came here at a significant

time. Some 30 years earlier, in 1666 St Paul's had been destroyed

by the Great Fire of London. Sir Christopher Wren had created a new

building. When Clarke arrived, there was a new building.

He came here as a singer and became organist and trained the choristers

as well. It is unusual that somebody should hold both those

jobs simultaneously. His trumpet voluntary, wasn't

created for a religious setting, it was composed for the theatre.

It was not uncommon for come for composers to write for the theatre

as well as the church. What was the job? It it might have

covered the arrival of some prince or some scenery that would have

thrilled the audience and given them excitement.

Clarke performed the piece at St Paul's.

How do we get theatre music into a cathedral? There was no hard and

fast rules in those days. A piece that was written for the theatre

would almost certainly will have been adapted for Clarke for his

daily use at St Paul's. You are seated at an organ? Organs

and then had stops that could simulate orchestral instruments.

There is a trumpet. There is servicemen trumpets -- several

trumpets. This is a little one that might have sounded similar to

Clarke's. It marked the beginning of a

prestigious career. Then tragedy struck and the press of the day

recorded the event. What happened? The poor man shot

himself. He shot himself in the head with a pistol.

Do we know why? It seems to be for the love of a young woman. It says

she was a a young married woman. So it could be that he got himself

into a pickle with a married girl? It does suggest that he was an

unhappy man at the time. It talks about him having a discontent.

a tragic story. Clarke's tune fell into obscurity

for almost 200 years. Then in 1897, Henry Wood, founder of the Proms,

came across the manuscript. He believed the tune was by Purcell,

but made it popular again. 40 years later, experts recognised it was

It is a wonderful piece. Why does it stand out from the crowd? It is

the strength of the tune. It is a good Royal, regal tune. Then it is

the fact that it is wonderful to walk to. If you are a bride

listening to this, it is a good speed and it makes you feel that

you are in a really important day. It stood the test of time and yet

it seems fresh today? It always does. That's one of the great marks

of a good piece of music. And the setting helps, doesn't it?

What a delightful film. Now, the 6th series of Law & Order UK, two

weeks there now. The third one is on Friday, a big episode. Is the

transition from comedian to actor complete? Maybe. To be fair, I was

acting many years ago and I sort of drifted into comedy. I found I was

always one of the lads messing around but doing a bit of acting

anyway and I found myself ending up in television, presenting and Ray

Winstone told me to go back into acting and so I did. At the episode

on Friday, let's have a look at Friday's Abersoch and an old case

come back to haunt you. The -- episode.

We know Simon Burnett is as guilty as the day is long. I thought that

as well. And you don't any more? don't know. He had her blood all

over his shirt. You tell me how he -- out-hit got there it P wasn't

the one caving her head in. What if we got it wrong? What if you got it

wrong? It is a fabulous episode. I have got to say, or Tom and Tim,

who are in the episode, it is really good. It is so sad, though,

get ready, have your tissues ready, because a girl dies and the father

gets blamed for the murder. It is reopened 14 years later. Really sad

and it is sad to watch. Very moving. As we have heard tonight, you have

had loads of different jobs. Comedian, actor. You were also a

professional footballer. I played at Brentford or two years, I

actually played at Loftus Road. There I am. I look like my son

there. We also found your player profile from a match-day programme.

It asks you some questions. We have got the actual questions. We will

see if you can remember the answers. 30 seconds on the clock. Are you

going to kick off? Yes. How much did you wait then? When I play?

About 10 stone 12. Close, 10 stone eight. What Cardiff to drive?

-- What Car. He was your biggest influence? My dad and my grandad.

Miscellaneous dislikes. Injustice, racism? It putting weight on and

being unfit! He did you say your favourite artists were? Shirley

Bassey, Tom Jones, Norman Wisdom. It is a real mix. You have got

Russell Harty as well. I used to love his show. And when his Law &

Order UK on? A Friday at 9pm. Aksa had indeed. A please don't go yet!

-- thank you for having me on. One crime that could be beyond even

Bradley's Detective Brooks is cyber spying. It's the theft of valuable

information from the computers of individuals, companies and even

entire countries. Matt Allwright searches for ways to

stem the tide of a multi-billion- pound criminal web.

Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone, right? Yes, but two

other inventors, and Italian and American, had roughly the same idea

at the same time. The difference was that Alexander Bell managed to

protect his idea and so the telephone is not Italian or

American, it is British. Hello? How do modern inventors

protect their ideas and get their products to market first? Answer me

that. Good question. Now that industrial

Ettrick -- espionage has gone cyber, it is getting tougher. Last year,

the theft of intellectual property from UK companies cost �9.2 billion.

That is why here, at Dyson headquarters, they are not taking

any chances. Dyson research and development, it is where the magic

happens. No chance.

Sir James Dyson owns one of the UK's most successful technological

companies and that success is based largely on his original innovation

and design. We are looking five, 10, 15 years out, so it is extremely

important to keep what we are working hard and what we are

thinking of working on completely secret. You don't know when you

have been spied upon, or you find out is a couple of years later that

somebody got advance knowledge of what you are doing. This is our

livelihood, what we make our money from and our export from, so if our

ideas are copied or stolen, we lose jobs and we lose exports and the

benefit of wealth creation for the country. We have spoken to a number

of leading British companies to find out if they have been the

victims of a cyber attack. But surprisingly, most were reluctant

to reveal details but industry experts tell us that this type of

cyber crime is now commonplace. Funnily enough, though, it seems

that hackers aren't terribly keen to give up their secrets. That is

why we are about to meet Ken and Chris, penetration testers, ethical

hackers employed by companies to see just how far in they can get.

Increasingly, we are starting to see cleverly targeted attacks.

People are not just going scattergun, they are going for an

individual within a business to compromise their profile and get

their credentials and use that to step around the business and find

intellectual property. What are the tools you are using? Area social

networking side. The amount of information you can get is quite

scary. There are dresses, at what they do, their friends, where they

used to work -- There are dresses. Social media is the way to get to

market, it is also the way to lose intellectual property. I am going

to meet some guys who are relatively new business with big

ideas but want to keep them to themselves. Can you do some work

and see what you can find on them? One company's ingenious invention

impressed the entrepreneurs of Dragons' Den in 2010. With his

magic wand, I can, for example play some music up a pot I can rotate it

to turn the volume up. With your consent, we have been doing some

digging around and you are pretty secure. Has anything strange

happened recently? Well, the website went a bit slow and a host

provider fund has up to say it looked as if somebody was doing a

penetration test. -- fundus. did you know it was the provider?

Good question. That phone call was the penetration test that he was

calling you using an agent of theirs in the United States, which

is why it sounded convincing because they knew your provider is

based in Texas. They didn't ask for information because they were

trying to get due to reset your password on his client website --

get you. It would have meant he had complete control of your company

website. Thankfully, Chris and Richard are

naturally suspicious and did not changed their password, keeping

their intellectual property and customer information say. The most

worrying thing about the test was somebody is able to phone up and

say something and almost hack into your brain and bypass all that

equipment by making one phone call, pretending to be somebody else that

using little bits of information. So there is security is pretty

watertight but if British ideas are still our greatest asset, cyber

crime poses a formidable threat. If you have got the big ideas, you are

in the biggest danger. It is losing British jobs, British exports and

British wealth. It is death, it is exactly what it is and it should be

stopped. -- it is daft. Matt is here, and it is very

unsettling watching that. It is when you think about business but

when you take it to the level of government and the people looking

after Russ, the UK government are spending �650 million in very tight

times to make sure all of their systems are safe. They had admitted

that they have already had a full 1,000 attempted attacks on their

systems. You have got commerce, government being attacked. And we

know through the e-mails we received ourselves they are always

tried to find out our details. far as protecting yourself is

concerned, what are the best things to do? A lot of people would reset

their passwords. It was interesting spending time with those guys who

are paid to try and hack in. What came out of it for me is what ever

you do, protect your date of birth. That is the one that seems to be

for a lot of banks and financial institutions, the key to the door.

How many people put on it is my birthday on Facebook and put

pictures up. For the record, I am 26 and my birthday is in June.

It is incredible, because Facebook, Twitter, it is all out there, so it

is quite accessible. It is the first way in for those guys. Your

birth they must be very easy to get hold of, I imagine.

-- birthday. Historian Ruth Goodman loves a

mystery to solve, so we sent her to York to investigate the case of a

600-year-old skeleton, a church and a woman who was literally sealed

into it brick by brick. Wherever you go in the City of York,

there is history to be found. Even in this rather bleak spot outside

the city walls of the scares remains of a medieval church. --

our best guess remains. Just recently, archaeologists made a

perplexing discovery. They found the skeleton of a middle-aged woman

buried in a really unusual way. Tyche crouched and buried within

the walls of the Church. -- tightly. The 600-year-old skeleton was

buried in a church much like this one, All Saints Church in the

centre of York, where I have come to meet the archaeologist Graham

Bruce. These are photographs of some of the normal burials we would

expect to find in a medieval church, you can see the graves are laid out

on their backs. This burial was very different. With that type of

body position, with the knees pulled right up and the arms

wrapped around, it is a strange burial and we had to try and find

out why it had happened. Graham knew of one unusual figure

associated with the Church. Was this her? And what do we know about

her? And an Caresse lived in the churchyard in the early 15th

century. This was a woman who withdrew from society in an act of

devotion to God, and in 15th century Britain, the practice was

widespread. She would live alone as a religious hermit, secluded from

the world in a special cell. Few of these remain but there is still won

at All Saints. A woman who chose to do this was

actually walk into a space like this. -- sealed. It was a ceremony

that was really rather like a funeral ceremony, she was Ricked

into the space. Her only contact was through this whole, through

which she could hear Mass. In return for this religious devotion,

an anchor rest could become a venerated figure in society. She

would become almost like a living saint. She would have been well

known in her community and consulted as a source of divine

wisdom. She was certainly the kind of important figure likely to be

buried inside the church, like Alice skeleton. These are the

medieval Wales that back-up Graham's theory -- testaments. And

they have an intriguing detail. We had a name. Lady Isabel. Nothing

else is known about Lady Isabel but the manuscripts contain another

vital clue. A date. Here, we have got her Testament.

The date is 1448, that must have been presumably when she died.

This is all proof of Lady Isabel serving at the church. But could

science prove this was her skeleton? The team turned to radio

carbon dating to find out. It is looking like the burial was made

around about 1450. A bat is amazing. The documentary evidence, 40 and 48

was supposedly had death. This really could be the woman we are

thinking of -- 1448 was supposedly had death.

But the bones revealed the life of this living saint was in fact a

living hell. Analysis uncovered a distinctive lesions which meant one

thing. Lady Isabel died riddled with syphilis. There is one here.

This whole that you can see here was actually formed to allow us to

be drained out. So we are talking about something on her arm that was

opened. Poor woman. The agony of syphilis was not just

physical but spiritual as well. In medieval times, the disease was not

known to be sexually transmitted. It was a curse strayed from God. So

it is easy to imagine Lady Isabel, a woman who devoted her life to God,

asking herself just what she had done to deserve his curse.

For me, this is how archaeology really comes into its own. Beyond