23/10/2012 The One Show

Good evening. Thanks for joining us and welcome to the One Show with

Alex Jones. And the lovely Jake Humphrey. Now given the events of

the past few days, it's good timing to be joined by a man who embodies

all that's good about broadcasting and the BBC. He's the only person

to win BAFTAs for programmes in black and white, colour, HD and 3-D.

This is amazing, this year he celebrates 60 years... 60 years?

years on television. Please welcome the wonderful Sir David

Attenborough. APPLAUSE

It's very good to have you back. That's quite a rousing reception.

60 years in broadcasting is quite remarkable. I'm sure you've seen

and heard most things that the natural world has to offer, but

have you ever heard a whale trying to talk to humans? Yes. Trying to

talk to you? Well, the beluga which I know is what you're talking about,

there's a place up in the Arctic where they come in in great numbers

and they seem to be scraping themselves on the shingle. When

they do, they're extremely vocal. You can hear them squeaking away.

Whether they were actually speaking to me is a different thing. But

they were certainly speaking and I heard a lot of them. This is a

recording, apparently, of a beluga whale talking to its handlers.

What did you say that sounded like? It sounds like my dad singing in

the shower. What people have noticed is that the whale is

"talking" in sill bulls. Do you buy into the fact that it would try to

talk to its handlers. A lot of animals imitate human beings. They

don't know what they're talking about, they don't understand, but

they do. The whale doesn't use a lar ink as we do, it uses the

breathing hole which it can manipulate to make these noises.

The same way the bird has a different way of making noises. But

they don't know what they're saying, but they imitate. Or maybe they do.

Maybe they do, that is true. today's news has been dominated by

the Jimmy Savile scandal. With reaction to last night's Panorama

and the Director-General under fire in Westminster, we wanted to know

what you think about how the BBC has responded. How has the Jimmy

Savile affair affected your confidence and trust in the BBC?

It's knocked it back quite a lot, because one minute you trusted them

and one minute they're saying one thing and the next it's another

thing. I suspect they've known what's been going on and have

decided to hide it. It hasn't affected my perception of the BBC.

He was out of order for what he done in the first place. I don't

know why people are criticising the BBC. They're just saying about what

he done. They made a grievous lack of judgment was present on all

counts in this affair. But I don't feel that this tarnishes the BBC as

a whole. The way that the BBC dropped a Newsnight programme, I

thought was totally wrong. So there's a lot of covering up to be

done just because he's a personality. To that extent, I

think the BBC has got it wrong. only one person claims that they've

been raped or assaulted and they're under age, there is a case to

answer, in which case the BBC should have taken that on board and

should, in fact, have allowed Newsnight to report the issues as

they were. It should have gone further immediately to the police.

Absolutely. As expected, some strong opinions there. We know that

you think that enough has been said about Jimmy Savile. But would you

agree that it's important now that the BBC work on restoring the

audience's faith in the corporation. Of course. We know that you've

worked for a time as the controller of programmes here at the BBC. Are

the BBC doing enough? I'm leaving it to the BBC. When you leave your

job, you leave the job. Fair enough. OK. Recently there's been little

but bad news for energy customers. Bills are going up as are the

chances of blackouts due to falling supply. A proposed new scheme in

one of the country could hold the answer to both. But as Lucy

explains, there's always a catch. With energy prices at a record high,

it's not surprising everybody is talking about their bills. It's the

time of year when the metre spins faster... Customers of Scottish and

Southern Energy will be paying 9% more for their energy from today...

So that energy companies have to give the lowest tar toif their

customers. So how can we cut costs and meet Britain's increasing

energy needs? One bright idea comes from the Isle of Wight. In return

for slashing their fuel bills ordinary households could give up

day-to-day control of their electrical appliances and opt for

temporary power cuts. Using some very clever technology the user can

remotely switch on and off appliances around the home that

have been fitted with a special plug. Fire on, please. On a larger

scale, this technology could allow a Seb tral computer to control over

a whole community's household appliances to save both energy and

money, but only with their consent. David Green is founder of the

ecoisland project. Isn't this a bit Big Brother, somebody controlling

your fridge from somewhere else is scary. That's an extreme example.

We're looking for something less invasive. The lights may dim, maybe

10%, the fridge might go off for a couple of minutes, never

inconveniencing the household at all. Just how much are our

favourite appliances draining our bank accounts? The average cost of

running an electric kettle for a year is �24. To run a fridge

freezer for a year costs around �62. And a TV, DVD and set top box cost

around �67 a year to power. So how much money can you save?

average fuel bill is in excess of about �500 a year. They'll be able

to save up to �127 on their electricity based on that average

consumption. Imagine us bringing down your bills by 24%. I can't

think of anybody who wouldn't choose that. A recent report show

that's saving electricity is far cheaper than creating more to meet

growing demands. You think electricity reduction extremes are

a no brainer? Absolutely. If we look at low-carbon supply it

typically costs about �100 for megawatt power. Whereas reduction

plans are only �30 per megawatt power. If you scale this up,

Government reckons by 2030 we could save about 40% of our electricity.

It would mean that we're reloosing the environmental impact. We'd have

four power stations, reduce the number of pylons across the

countryside. That would equate to �10 billion a year. It's a win/win.

It saves money and has a lower environmental impact.

Lucy is here. We'll keep an eye on that scheme. But for people who

don't live in the Isle of Wight, what other options are there?

main thick that -- thing that everybody is talking about is smart

metering. We have been a bit dumb about the way we monitor

electricity. We have estimated bills. Someone reads the metre.

It's about making it more accessible. The thing that will be

a feature, most homes by 2019 are smart metres, monitors to tell you

how much power you are using in real time and what it is costing

you. So that allows you flexibility and freedom, not just to turn off

appliances which you maybe didn't know were on, but to do things like

maybe use your washing machine at a time when electricity is at a lower

price. So it might show you for example between 3pm and 4pm before

peak load time you can get your energy much cheaper. So it would be

really clever and revolutionise the way that we think about energy use

in the home. That's the first thing. The other thing that we now have

set up is are what we call feed-in tariffs. If you have solar panels,

for example, you can sell excess energy back to the grid and make

some money. Not as much money as you could originally make, but you

can still sell it back. With that you can also use your appliances at

different times. When the sun is out, you could do your washing for

example. The other thing we talked about a few weeks ago is for the

big stuff, boilers, cavity wall insulation, the stuff that makes

your bill come down. What the Green Deal will do is a cash-back system

where the cost is put onto your Energy Bill because everybody has

electricity bills. All of those are brilliant, if it helps lower the

amount of electricity we use and save people money. We all have busy

lives. People just want to pay less for their power. Isn't the simplest

thing for electricity companies and gas companies to say, this is the

cheapest tariff for you? Yes, David Cameron came out with fighting talk

last week when he said he would bring out a law to compel energy

companies just to tell us what the cheapest tariff is. Actually, it is

a bit more complicated than that. Energy commentators are saying that

because that would limit competition, then actually that

would commit us to price rises. So it is a very difficult thing.

There's all these different things happening tkphroblly around energy,

so it's too easy... It's not simple, is it? It's not. One expert from

the University of Warwick said that would commit us to prices going up

by 5% to 7%. We don't want that. What Ofgem are talking about is

making billles fairer and simpler to understand, when we all want.

Thank you very much. Sir David has a powerful new wildlife film out in

the cinemas called The Penguin King 3D. It's set in a part of the world

that may not have many lightbulbs, but the footage is simply electric.

If our king lunges, he will expose his egg. And that is what the bird

That was a particularly tense part of the film when he tries to go for

the penguin eggs. The whole film is excellent. It basically shows the

journey of a penguin from adolescence into adulthood. What

else can we expect to see happening then? Well, it shows about, when a

king penguin hatches he goes off to sea for several years. He feeds up

and becomes mature. Then he comes back and has to establish himself

with a nest site and with a mate on whatever territory it is. We shot

that in South Georgia, which is a fabulous place. In many ways more

fabulous than the Antarctic continent itself. It lies just off

Antarctica, but it has secures, those birds you saw, -- skewers,

those birds you saw, albatross, elephant seals and penguins,

several sorts. It has a very mixed cast of characters. We follow a

little trio of young penguins coming back as they find their way

threw these complicated, heavily populated island to establish

themselves, find a mate and prodouse a baby. It's a moving film.

Had Alex in tears last night. did. Because I was watching it and

it's like watching humans nearly, even though we don't want to

humanise the pengwibz. I cried when the female was eaten by the killer

whale. Then somebody suggest today wasn't just the one penguin I had

been watching. Have you given away the ending? Sorry, no that's not

quite the ending. The thing is that penguins all look identical. Of

course they do. This is it. you're constructing a story like

that, which is a story about all young penguins as they come back,

obviously you will use this young penguin now, you might not even

know tomorrow whether it's the same one that you saw yet. Why do you

think penguins have become box office. My wife and I cried at

March of the Penguins, my nephews love Happy Feet. They are very

human looking, they are among the very few birds that stand upright

on two legs and look as though they're wearing a dinner jacket,

admittedly a beak, but they are very human looking. They're very

entertaining. They're very, when you film them, you see, they don't

give a damn. You can see it. They will gather around you and look at

you "What are you doing?". If they get bored after a bit, they don't

actually yawn, but you can see them say, "Well nothing much happening

here then." And they push off. must be that amazing to be close to

nature. That's within of the reasons we picked the story. If

you're making films in 3-D, you only really see things in three

dimension that's are quite close to you. You want to, it's no good

trying it make a 3-D film about a timid creature 100 yards away,

because you can't see it in 3-D. Only when it's close to you can you

see it in 3dr. -- 3-D. You say you don't want to humanise the penguins,

where is the line then? It's difficult to give them a story and

not to humanise them. You mustn't humanise, at the same time, it

would be equally absurd to suppose that penguins don't have emotions

and that they don't have desires. Of course they do. You can see when

a ping win is angry. You can see when a penguin is fightened. They

are so expressive. They don't express that way, but you can see

from their behaviour what they're doing. Of course, they do, they

attack -- they are attacked by those skewers. They try to steal

the babies. Though there are no facial expressions to a penguin,

when a penguin comes back with a belly full of fish and looks for

its furry baby in its furry coat and then greet -- thee greet one

another, it's very touching. She'll be crying again, be careful.

skewers are the enemies of the film. They are. The Penguin King 3D is in

cinemas from tomorrow, including special careenings that include a

live broadcast Q&A with Sir David. As we speak, the royal premiere of

the new James Bond film is under way. As much as I'm loving being

here, I'm a huge fan. I would love to be there with the likes of Judi

Dench and there he is, James Bond himself. And the new Q., Ben

Whishaw. Q who looks a bit like Harry Potter I think, designed the

gadgets, like this. This is a watch that fires a tranquiliser dart.

I'll demonstrate it on our very brave props man Dave. Come on, Dave.

Take your position. LAUGHTER

Are you ready, Dave? Place yourself. APPLAUSE

Oh, well. At least Matt will be back next week. Here's John

Sergeant with the story of the real Q. I'm OK.

MI6 has always been keen on gadgets, clever ways to outwit the enemy.

Everyone knows that this is their present-day headquarters. In the

past, even their buildings were hush hush. I'm hot on the heels of

the real-life inspiration for the James Bond gadget inventor Q. My

first stop the building that housed the MORI of supply in World War II.

This is now one of the grandest office addresses in London, with a

fantastic view, stretching from the MI6 building, past the Houses of

Parliament, then along the river right out towards the City. It's

not surprising that during the war, Winston Churchill came here to

observe the effects of the air raids. Meanwhile several floors

lower down, some of the most secret inventions of the war took shape.

Today, this corridor bears little trace of the clothing and textiles

department and even less of one particular office which was a front

for the real Q's lab. But this is where Charles Fraser Smith worked

on behalf of His Majesty's Secret Service. Fraser Smith specialised

in inventing spy gadgetery. He called them Q gadgets. His work was

well known to the Bond author. was one of my father's customers

for gadgets because he was working in naval intelligence. Brian Fraser

Smith, Charles' son only learned the truth about his father's role

35 years after the war ended. of us knew anything about it until

1978, even my mum hadn't really got a clue what he had been up to.

Brian was surprised, then impressed, and he has spent much of his life

uncovering examples of his father's work. At buelly in Hampshire

there's Britain's largest collection of Q's gadgets, many

hide maps and compasses to be used by spies and escaping prisoners of

war. You can escape through occupied territory. That's

brilliant. Even an ordinary looking match could hide a secret. It's not

quite an ordinary match. Up the inside of it is a needle which has

been mag necessity tiesed. If you drop that into water, it will tell

you the north and south and general directions. And you're away. The

real Q's gadgets all looked completely innocent from a domino

hiding a secret message, to a shoe lace which can be turned into a

vicious gar ot. Pull it backwards and forward and it sawed through

the head. Did he ever give you anything resem bling his war work?

The only thing I got was a pipe. Inside this mouth piece end you can

see there's a gap, so you wrap around a map or a piece of paper

for writing information down on. It's smoked perfectly well as an

ordinary pipe. Amazing. Even to this day, some British spies rely

on outlandish gadgets. As recently as 2006, acts were caught red

handed in Russia using a device cunningly disguised as a rock. Who

knows what else today's Q might dream up? Can I can get some ideas

from a specialist shop that sells all things spy. Hello. You have

lots of good things here. What have you got for me? I'm going to show

you some very special glasses. These look like ordinary glasses.

They do. That's how they should look. In the bridge of the nose

there is a miniature video camera. You can film covertly. That sounds

very good. I'm going to try them out. Good luck. Charles Fraser

Smith died in 1992. But his legacy continues to this day. Well, I've

got the gear. I think even the real Q might be impressed. After all,

you do only live once. Very good. And who needs Daniel

Craig when you have John Sergeant. Exactly. And wasn't that, it was

like Victoria Beckham in the shop. Do you fancy being a spy? Apart

from sitting on the sofa, that's what I'd most like to do. That

dream could be reality. With us now we have the BBC's Security

Correspondent, the man who spies on the spies for us Gordon Corera. We

love James Bond, Spooks, we love spies in this country. Now people

can leave school and become one. That's right. If you're a budding

James Bond, this is your chance. In the last week the Government's

launched the cyberapprenticeship scheme, the chance to get your

hands on the latest spy equipment. David likes the sound of this

They're after really 18-year-olds comfortable with computer gaming,

with social networks and who will be at home with all this late eest

technology. No longer after, if you like, just university graduates,

but a wider group of people who would be able to deal with these

skills. They will get a chance to work with some of the intelligence

agencies. I think David is up for it. I should imagine the Russians

will come and recruit if we are promising people. They might be

after our as well. It's a competition. Compared to MI5 and

MI6, we don't know a lot about GCHQ, but you had a tour, what did you

find out? I had a chance to go there a couple of years ago for BBC

Radio. They wouldn't let the TV cameras in. Once you're through the

layers of security. It's very open, full of people bustling around.

Doub in the basement there are rows and rows of super computers buzzing

and whirring away, endlessly. One thing was that some people were a

little bit uncomfortable with having journalists in the building.

There were signs "Please keep your conversations to unclassified."

There was a tan yoi announcement, "Please lower the blinds on your

office windows because we have a BBC journalist wondering the

building." Very exciting about the apprenticeships. Mark and Miranda

have been doing surveillance of their own, staking out back gardens

in Gloucestershire. Tonight it's The Fly Who Loved Me and Casino

Squirale. Whilst lots of wildlife is tricky

to film, there's one species being spotted a little too often. Grandpa

Alan at number 54 is particularly unimpressed with grey squirrels.

You're not such a big fan, why? Because they eat all the food up, I

put out for the birds. To combat them Alan has bought a wide range

of squirrel-proof devices. The idea is the squirrel jumps on there and

that goes down and throws him off. What about this? The idea is that

if, even four birds sat on there, their weight is so small that they

can eat that. If a squirrel gets on it, it goes down. But the crafty

squirrels have found that if they get one claw through the mesh, they

can put their nose through there and eat the food. What would you

interesting to find out is if it's one particularly clever squirrel or

whether you do have an army of different individuals who have

learned tricks of how to outwit your feeders. I don't know. We'll

esee what we can do for you. Thank you very much. Let's have a go.

Time to leave our camera on squirrel stake out for as long as

it takes. Down the road I find myself at

number 52 in a bizarre filming position, crammed into the side

alley with owner FINA, a cameraman and a frog in a bucket. How come

you've got a frog in a bucket? had some lily pads given to us but

didn't have the pond ready to put them in, hence the bucket. Somehow

you got a resident move in? Yes. That's why the frog's here. But why

are we here? Using a slow motion camera I want to show Fiona how

amazing her frog is at catching amazing her frog is at catching

flies. I have a dead one from her conservatory and plenty of time,

which is plenty of -- just as well, as we've been here for two hours.

Fiona leaves to make a cup of tea and typically, just as she does...

Got it. Thanks to your frog in your bucket, we've actually caught

something on camera that I've never seen before. Watch this. Bang!

That's wonderful. Its eyes sink into its head because it can't

swallow. It depresss the eye balls into its skull and that helps push

the food down. It spits out the stick and push it's away. The

tongue basically unfolds and it's super sticky, sticks the fly, grab

it's and folds it back in. Do you think we'll get it? No, no.

didn't either. ( Back at Alan's filming his

squirrels have been an awful lot easier. But who have we caught on

camera? Let's play this for you. There's one up there. It turns out

there are four suspects. There's the shifty one, who hangs back

along the fence. We never filmed him on the feeders. There are these

two youngsters, you can tell they're young aas they have thin

tails. They're not the culprits. They spend their time fighting over

nuts on the ground. But then, there's number four. This is the

one that's managing to get through your squirrel-proof bird feeder.

Most of his weight is on the track and balancing. He's not pulling

that wire mesh over. Yes one claw in the mesh. Absolutely. How clever

is that? You want to identify him. He has much redder paws, redder

hands than the others. We will call him Red Hand. And he was caught red

handed on your feeder. To help defeat red hands I've brought Alan

a range of squirrel proof feeders to rotate every week. That way, red

hands won't have long enough to work them out. The youngsters won't

have long enough to copy him. There you go. Have those. Very kind of

you. Red hand look out for him now. you. Red hand look out for him now.

I'll arrest him. Sneaky squirrel. More spying in the gardens tomorrow.

Hopefully a less cheesey introduction. That's what you say

now. Before we go, we had a look at some photos from your 60 year

archive. We did notice that you have the exact same hair cut in all

of them. I've had it cut once, twice since then. Did you do

anything drastic? Yes, look at it. It looks great. You still have the