27/01/2014 The One Show

Hello and welcome to The one Show which Matt Baker and Alex Jones. We

are joined by the brains behind a popular quiz show. He knows the

answer to every question you could imagine. There was one time he got

it wrong. I am going to go for Meet The Little Fockers. Let's see how

many people said it. It is. It is not that is, it is just Little

Fockers. Pointless star, Richard Osman. You looked furious. You asked

name a film Robert De Niro stars in, so I said Meet The Little

Fockers. But it wasn't that, it was called Little Fockers. I went to see

a film, The Wolf Of Wall Street, it wasn't called the Little Wolf of

Wall Street. We have been in our new building for a few weeks and we have

noticed something pretty Pointless out of the lift. A fibreglass cow.

Makes you feel at home? That is its purpose. If you have something in

your home like our big cowpat serves no purpose but you refuse to throw

it out, would like to see it. You have quite an interesting object

you broader picture in. I would not call it interesting, but I saw a

plug socket that is just above the skirting board outside my bedroom.

It has been there seven years and it has a red light on it. Do you know

what it is like? It is for your shower will stop that is not 100%,

either way. It does say protector in large letters at the right hand

side. If there are any electricians who would like to shed some light on

this, get in contact. But if you do have a picture of something

Pointless in your house, we would like to see it. We will show them

later on. Also we will be hearing the book awards. Doctor Sarah is

with us to warn about the effects of over-the-counter painkillers. But

Tony Livesey has been to see how addictive they can be.

It is a terrible fear. It is not about getting high, it is about

keeping the withdrawal awake. I get to seven o'clock and the symptoms

start to come it is like an alarm clock. Minute by minute, you can

feel it coming on. 15 at 7:30pm, and another 15 at 9pm. These are the

words of a drug addicts, but not heroin or crack cocaine, but his

dependency on painkillers available in high street pharmacies. Most of

us consider over-the-counter medicines harmless. But there is a

sinister side. This doctor is an number of GPs who is concerned that

the number of patients who have developed a dependency. People are

functioning perfectly well on these tablets, but they are taking

medication they think is straight forward, they think is safe. But any

medication you take over a long period of time when you don't need

it, can have a problem. Why are these painkillers so did? Many of

them contain a crucial ingredient, codeine. Codeine is a member of the

opiate family of drugs which includes morphine and heroin. What

are the dangers of taking codeine -based pills? It changes your brain

and some of the receptors in your brain. There is a tendency to want

to take more of them. Buying over-the-counter painkillers is

legal and we spend around ?530 million on them every year. Getting

hold of them is relatively easy with few restrictions. Why individual

pharmacists should not sell you more than one boxes of tablets, but there

is no restriction on how many outlets you can visit. There is an

estimated 30,000 people in Britain addicted to some form of painkiller

containing codeine. This lady became dependent after coping with

migraines. I was taking a tablets a day. What do you think you were a

dip or two, the lack of the headache or the nice, warm feeling the

codeine was giving you? I was addicted to the feeling it gave me.

I could lock out everything that was not going right, or I could be in my

own world. I was dependent on the tablets, definitely. Realising her

addiction was so bad, Lauren moved back in with her parents to spend

three weeks going cold turkey. How did it go the first day? I was in

massive amounts of pain, especially by the end of the day, that is when

it did hit me. I had gone through having migraines to the point where

they got so bad I was sick. These were withdrawal pains from the

codeine? Probably a mixture of the two. A recent survey found one in

three young people take a painkiller once every 24 hours. While codeine

products on labels they are to be used for a maximum of three days,

many of us take them for longer. What will I find in the handbags of

these people in Manchester? I am wanting to look in your handbag to

see if you have any over-the-counter medicine. Newer phone, I be

pro-Finn. Are you worried about what is in that? A little bit because it

did say it's addictive. How long have you taken them for? Over 20

years. Just paracetamol. How often do you take them? To tablets twice a

day. For how long? Four or five years now. Are you worried about the

addictive qualities? Not really, no. That is paracetamol and codeine.

What do you know about codeine? I know if you take it for more than

three days it can be a big if. But it is the strongest pain relief you

can buy over-the-counter. Does the pharmacist warn you about this?

Always. We spoke to the body that represents the industry and they

told The one Show that: There is only a risk of addiction if people

use products for longer periods or van at higher doses than stated on

the pack. There are warnings they can cause addiction. Products can

only be sold under the supervision of a pharmacist.

This not need to be a scare story, medicines containing codeine can be

effective for short-term relief. But there is a real risk of addiction. I

met two people today who did not want to come on the camera who said

they have family members addict -- family members addicted. Check what

is in the pill before it is inside you.

Doc Sarah joins us now. It clear, this is three levels of medication?

Check what is in the pill before it is inside you is sound advice. You

might have another tablets, but if it says extra or plus, it has

something else in it. You might mistake one for the other and not

realised you are taking a codeine -based drug. Some of them you can

get off-the-shelf? Yes, some of them that a GP only can prescribe are

available through a pharmacist. The pharmacist has to give you advice

about not taking an overdose. Then there are the general ones you can

pop into your shopping. They are simple painkillers, much lower. Can

you get addicted to those? In the long term, it is medication overuse

headaches. It is estimated one in 50 people has got headaches which are

caused by taking so many painkillers that every the painkiller wears off,

it a headache. So they end up in a vicious cycle. Codeine is much worse

than the other painkillers for that. Lots of people will be watching and

thinking they should not take painkillers or give them to the

children, watched do you say to them? Don't worry, we have all taken

medication, you come out of the gym and take your anti-inflammatory. If

you are taking it occasionally, parents giving their kids

painkillers, bringing temperature down, it is fantastic. The NHS would

not cope if everybody had to get a prescription. If somebody does think

they are addicted, what is the best course of action? Go to your GP, it

is simple. A few things causing headaches on the roads are potholes.

One man who wanted to get to the bottom of the problem is a viewer,

Frank Cattrall. Colchester, Britain's oldest town

nestled in the Essex countryside. But, hold on... There is a danger

lurking on the streets. The pothole! One man had had enough. My

name is Frank, I am not a campaign but I believe in fighting for what

is right. Justice is what he deserves, having come a cropper to

the menace of most motorists. There are quite a few potholes in

Colchester. We are trying to dodge them as you go along. It is quite

frightening. This is where I had the incident with the pothole. Feel the

difference in the road surface. It damaged his suspension to the tune

of ?500. I had damaged my vehicle. I don't see why I should have to pay

for something which wasn't really my fault. Neither should you have too.

How did you get your money back from the council? I had to wait for four

months for them to tell me know. I wasn't going to wait a few more

months for them to reject me again. I went to the Small Claims Court and

I hoped it would hit a nerve with them. Council records showing they

had not known about the pothole at this location. Frank's trump card

was to use the Freedom of Information Act to find out its

history. He discovered the council had known about it for more than 28

days and had still failed to fix it. I was quite nervous. The first thing

the judge said was basically, by the way, on my way in this morning, I

noticed a new pothole, I hope you are going to get it fixed soon. His

determination won him the case. The fact I could be their system, their

legal people and all of their excuses, it felt good. I am like a

dog with a bone, I don't let go until I get a result. Thanks, Frank.

When it comes to potholes, know your rights.

If it stresses him out, he should not drive around so much. Frank

intends to fire off one more Freedom of Information request to see how

much his battle with the council has cost taxpayers. You are judging this

year's Costa Book Awards. Give us a rundown which five are in. They have

already done judging, they have chosen the best novel, also the best

first novel, the best poetry book, the best nonfiction book and the

best children's book. Now we are choosing between those five to pick

the book of the year. It is quite difficult to judge a novel against a

children's book and poetry? I am going on what is the shortest

because I am a slow reader. You are judging someone's first novel

against somebody who has written their tent. We were talking about

one of the novels, it is called Life After Life, how can that not win?

Because some of the other books, which you have not read, are also

juridical stop but there are five brilliant books. The poetry book is

terrific. The biography is amazing. Some brilliant books but yes, it is

tough. Obviously, you are a man who is known for knowing a lot of

things, so how did you get involved in this? They asked me, and it is

one of those things, it is all people you know, and I thought, it

would be quite a fun thing to do. It is nice to be forced to read

sometimes. It has been a lovely opportunity to do it. Have you read

them all? Yes, why not, yes. I may have skipped the odd page on a

couple of them. But it is a very impressive book, this one we have

got it is beautiful. We thought you would love to see this. It has been

created by Su Blackwell, and she makes these from the pages in

books. She has got watercolour in there and everything. She rips pages

out of books? Second-hand books, yes. Our science man explains now

that vapour is pretty clever stuff. The strength of paper has been known

for hundreds of years. As early as the seventh century, Chinese

warriors made suits of armour from paper that were tough enough to

withstand an arrow. So, I have enlisted a friend to help me put it

to the test. This suit is made of 32 layers of paper and calico, a kind

of cloth. When it is all piled up like this, it is big enough to

protect our dummy. The secret to the strength of paper is cellulose, the

building block of all plants. To find out more, I am visiting a

master paper maker. Obviously, you can make paper from any plant. The

very, very best one is cotton. The cellulose fibres in cotton are

extremely pure. The cellulose fibres are extract from the cotton by

mixing it with water and beating it into a pulp. The water separates the

fibres, but when it drains away, they bond again, forming a sheet of

paper. The reason for the bonding is down to simple cellulose chemistry.

Cellulose is made up of three different elements - carbon,

hydrogen and oxygen. When you have got lots of fibres together, water

keeps them separate. But when the water drains away, the positive

charge on the hydrogen is attracted to the negative charge on the

oxygen, and that sticks all the fibres together. Now, scientists

have discovered that by breaking down those cellulose fibres even

further, it is possible to make super-strength paper. This professor

has been working with colleagues in Sweden, testing their new creation,

nano paper. It sounds very exciting, but what is it? Ordinary paper is

made from fibres which are about 30 mu. In diameter. But nano paper is

made out of nano fibres, which have diameters much smaller. Those fibres

are able to bond together better because they get closer surface

contact, there is higher surface area on the fibres, so you get

stronger paper. It is very, very strong indeed. Show how strong it

is, we are testing it against a thin strip of steel. This testing machine

measures the force required to pull each sample apart. That was it. Next

in, it is the turn of nano paper. That looks incredibly fragile. It is

like tracing paper. It may seem like an unfair test, but Stephen is

taking into account the width of each strip and the density of the

material. So, after much calculation from Steven, this is the cellulose

moment of truth. Steel broke at 40,000 newton metres per kilogram.

Nano paper broke at 80,000, it is double the strength! That means that

if you put ten of these together, it should be just enough to support me.

To put my theory to the test, I have built a rig which I can sit in. This

is the moment of truth, here we go. I have attached the paper and hooked

it up to a swing. Putting all my weight on... Right, I am now sat

with most of my weight on it. Take my feet off the ground... It is

completely supporting my weight! That is astonishing. It is so

amazing that car makers are now looking at replacing steel parts

with nano paper, as it is stronger, easily moulded and much lighter. So,

those Chinese warriors, more than 1000 years ago, had the right idea.

Paper, or to be more precise, cellulose, is strong stuff. That was

extraordinary. Nano paper, that is definitely not pointless. Goodness

me. Have a look at these beautiful things we have got in front of us.

This one was made by Chris Jones, from Preston. He is a phenomenal

paper artist. It has all been made out of bits of paper ripped out of

magazines and things. It is amazing. But it actually looks heavy, but it

has all been created with drills paper. We also need to show you this

picture. These have been created by Chinese artist Li Hongbo. He uses

paper, and then, you can see the moving footage... It is like

flicking through a telephone directory. And then, over here, we

have got an amazing cityscape. You may recognise some of these

buildings, Richard. We have the Battersea Power Station. And then we

have the Durkin. Thanks for pointing those out. What is this big blue

bit?! Who commissions these? All sorts of people. This one is

actually a number of elements from a few project I have done. But I work

on window displays and I make crops which are photographed for magazines

and things. Who is that? I believe it is Richard, looking at your

favourite book. Can Richard take that home? I will. Thank you very

much. Now, it is time to leave the city behind and head to one of the

most spectacular parts of Britain. Mike is off the West Coast of

Scotland. Every year, thousands of people come to the Isle of Mull in

Scotland for its outstanding wildlife. This is one of our most

sure-footed mammals, the wild goat. They spend much of their time high

on the slopes, but at this time of the year, they can also be found

lower down. Finding them in this enormous landscape is not easy. To

help me track them down, I am joining a local ecologist on a tough

track along the coastline of Mull. The landscape makes it hard going

for us, but boats are well suited to this amazing island. They are making

it difficult for us to find them. But I have to say, the views are not

bad! Eventually, John and I catch up with some of the animals. John, we

have goats! At long last! That was a two-hour walk. Yes, it has been

tough going, really rough to rain. This group is made up of adult

females and kids. -- to rain. They usually stay quite close together.

You get these little pockets of nannies and kids struggling behind

the main group, but they will catch up later. I am sure the main group

are just around the corner. Surviving in this rugged landscape

means making the most of any food available. Boats are renowned for

their ability to eat almost anything. On a nearby beach, we come

across one of their digestive secrets. Have a look at this, a

bunch of goats chilling out on the beach, my, they make is. They are

actually here for an important reason, seaweed. Seaweed is a vital

part of their diet. It is a rich source of iodine, which helps

regulate how they can process their food. It helps them maximise the

benefits they get from other foods, beaten higher up on the slope. Our

search continues. Finally, we strike lucky. John, we have got Billy

goats! I have to say, look at the horns on those. They are impressive,

aren't they, to say the least Escomb the horns of goats are for life, and

used to settle disputes during rutting, which can be sparked off by

anything. The rutting season is much less defined than that of red deer,

for example. They are not fighting right now, but the Billy goats are

showing other signs in being interested in meeting. It looks like

this mail is lifting his top lip, right next to those nannies. Yes, he

is sensing there you are in, particularly, telling whether they

are in season. You have actually seen them going headlong into each

other? I certainly have. They do the full works, rearing up on their hind

legs, coming smacking down together. They will do that repeatedly, I have

watched them for at least half an hour. Often, you will get two main

protagonists, but then you will get others coming and joining in. It can

be mayhem. It makes you wonder how they survive that impact. It is a

very impressive site if you can get to see it. And perhaps slightly

bizarrely, it is not just the Billy goats that fight with their horns.

The day before I arrived, the camera team also filmed the nannies having

a tussle, probably as a means of establishing dominance within the

herd. These animals are often overlooked in favour of the more

famous Scottish wildlife. But today, I hope we have proved these majestic

beasts are worthy of a bit more attention. I grew up on goats milk.

It made me the man I am today! Enough about that! We obviously need

to talk about Pointless, it is a quiz for serious people. But you do

like a bit of a laugh... Name is many things that week Astley is

never going to do... Never going to make you cry. That is good... 20!

Richard? There is only one answer which would have beaten that. Let's

take a look at all six of them. I am going to read these from the top,

which I never normally do. # Give you up...

# Let you down... That is 24. Run around and desert you, those are

two separate things. I am joking! Leave it be! Just saying. Talking

about Pointless, we have been asking you to send in pictures of pointless

objects in your house. And we had a lot of husbands. We had husbands,

wives, and we got this, which is extraordinary. This is on the wall

by his TV. He has never worked out what it does. We do not know,

either. There must be another one of those, with the second half of the

alphabet, somewhere. It might be a game, you put it on a certain

letter... I do not know. You have got one? This one is from Megan and

Emily, which they found in their living room. They cannot work out

what it does. Let's take a look! It is dad! In a few years, they will

know exactly why dad is around. And this one came in from Glasgow. They

say, they only use it to scare the children. And we will leave you with

this one. Richard, thank you ever so much. Good luck with the Costa Book

Awards tomorrow night. And tomorrow night, we will be joined by Bernard

Cribbins. Goodbye.