Bahamas Deadly Pole to Pole


Bahamas

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Transcript


LineFromTo

My name's Steve Backshall.

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And this is Deadly Pole To Pole.

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Ohhh!

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From the top of the world to the bottom.

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Whoa!

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Deadly places,

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deadly adventures,

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and deadly animals.

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And you're coming with me, every step of the way!

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Arghhhh!

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This time on Deadly Pole to Pole, the team and I have made our way

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to the Bahamas and as you'd expect, from a group of islands surrounded

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by the Caribbean sea, most of this mission is going to be underwater.

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The Bahamas is 4,500 miles from the Arctic Circle

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where our journey began and it couldn't be more different,

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with around 700 tropical islands, surrounded by the Caribbean Sea.

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But we won't be lazing around on beaches,

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instead we're heading beneath the waves.

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We'll be meeting some old friends.

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Wow!

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I'm not comfortable with you at all.

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We'll be using Deadly technology to get a totally new view

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of the ocean's biggest bites...

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..before facing my deepest fears

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in one of the deadliest environments known to man.

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You're underground and underwater

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and a very, very long way from safety.

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There's one group of animals that we come back to

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over and again on Deadly... the sharks.

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Whoa!

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But this time we're aiming to take our understanding of sharks

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to a whole new level.

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Beneath these warm waters is a phenomenal diversity of life

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and particularly sharks.

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There are dozens of different species here,

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from the very small to the very, very big.

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We're here to find out something very special,

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something completely new about the way a shark bites.

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'To do this, we've stacked our boat full of hi tech kit

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'and made our way to shark central.

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'These are lemon sharks, one of the most whippy, bendy,

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'manoeuvrable of all sharks.

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'But how big is a lemon shark's bite?'

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The sharks here are used to being fed

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and the second the boat's turned up, we are surrounded by sharks.

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I mean, already I've lost count.

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There must be 15 animals in the water around us right now.

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'Stage one of our bite analysis is to measure how powerful

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'their jaws are, using a pressure gauge.'

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40 pounds per square inch or thereabouts.

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I'm hoping that our shark is going to be substantially more.

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As you can see, I've tied a bunch of fish to the end,

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now all I need to do is get a shark to bite down there

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and we'll see what force they exert with their jaws.

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In the water.

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Wow!

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'To get an accurate reading we need a strong chomp on the rubber tube.'

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Oh, that's a good bite. That's a good bite.

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That's the...whoa! Oh, no, no, no, no!

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It got my pole!

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Oh, no!

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Who fancies going in and getting it?

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Gone!

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That's our bite test gauge swimming off into the blue.

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It could take a while to find.

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Right, I think we might be moving to Plan B.

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Crazy as it seems, we're getting in there.

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'We want to analyse a shark bite underwater,

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'and the only way to do that, is to feed the sharks by hand.'

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This chainmail is kind of like what a medieval knight would wear

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to go into battle.

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We've got so many sharks here,

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so I kind of feel it's better to be safe than sorry.

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Our aim is to show you the science of a shark bite

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using some Deadly technology.

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We're going to try something a little bit new and very special now.

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We're using this. It's called a time slice rig.

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It has 20 small cameras, all aligned around this semicircle of metal and

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they'll all fire off simultaneously, allowing us to freeze in time

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the exact moment of a shark's bite.

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It'll mean that we can see it in three dimensions,

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understand it in super slow speed and it should

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give us a better understanding of the anatomy of a shark bite.

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'Using the time slice on land would be tricky, but underwater, and

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'surrounded by a shiver of sharks, it'll be a serious challenge.'

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'The first problem is how to get a shark to bite on cue

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'and in exactly the right place,

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'and for that, we have a box load of fish to feed them.

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'Already, they're attracting the interest of dozens of hungry sharks.'

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As these sharks are circling around the bait box,

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it gives me a perfect opportunity

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to show you a bit about their senses.

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So, the eyes...

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..are actually quite small...

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..and it's clear that this species

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really isn't driven by its vision at all.

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But if you look at the head, you'll spot lots of

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tiny, little black dots

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and those are electrical sensors.

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'These work at close quarters, detecting the electrical impulses

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'made by the muscles of their prey as they move.

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'The shark can zone in using just these signals even on prey it

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'can't see.'

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A far more potent sense is its sense of smell.

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So, these sharks have nostrils here.

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They can smell... As you can see, these ones,

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they can clearly smell that there's something inside that box.

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Getting them to bite in just the right spot for the time slice

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will take timing and precision which is going to take practice.

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Hey, I haven't opened it yet. Don't be so impatient.

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OK.

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Here's a likely customer.

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Oh!

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Oops!

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Oh!

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Wow!

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This is absolute craziness.

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Once I'm comfortable with feeding them by hand,

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it's time to try it in the time slice.

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OK, so this is the plan.

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We have our time slice rig lined up here,

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with Johnny and Duncan holding on to it.

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I'm going to try and bring a shark in and get it to bite right dead in

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the centre, so the cameras can fire off all around it

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and then, hopefully,

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we should be able to break down the bite into its constituent parts.

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It might sound easy, but trust me, it's not going to be.

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There are sharks everywhere!

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I'm getting absolutely beaten up here.

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'I need a clean, clear bite, right in the epicentre of the cameras...

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'..while taking care not to get bitten

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'by an overenthusiastic shark.'

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Oh, ow.

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'Despite being super keen to feed, there's no mindless frenzy here.

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'The sharks clearly want to eat the fish, but not us.'

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'Finally, we start to get the hang of it.

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'Our plan is coming together.' Yes!

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Perfect.

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'But with this many excited sharks,

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'you need eyes in the back of your head.'

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Oh...!

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Argh!

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Well, I got pretty hammered there.

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Got a hold of my hand and dragged me off.

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I don't think it meant to bite me.

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I just didn't get my hand out of the way in time

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and it grabbed hold of the fish.

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I'm pretty sure though that we've got our shot now...

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and, actually, the sharks are feeling a little close for comfort,

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so I think it's time to head up.

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The crew have downloaded the time slice footage.

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Let's see what it reveals.

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OK, so...

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..you can see the lemon shark coming in here.

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Oh, wow!

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That is incredible!

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Fantastic.

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The time slice has captured the exact moment of the strike.

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It allows us to analyse the bite from every angle.

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Now, because the mouth is on the underside of the head,

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it needs to lift the nose up quite considerably to be able to

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stand any chance of getting a bite.

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But the jaws are very, very different

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to the jaws that you'd see in a mammal.

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We have our upper jaw fused to our skull

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and only our lower jaw can move free.

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In a shark it's completely different.

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And you can see that at this moment of the strike.

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There.

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Both the shark's upper and lower jaws thrust forward.

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Rows of fish-hook thin pointed teeth can snag larger prey.

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Smaller prey is just hoovered up.

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Its huge gaping mouth creates a massive cavern

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and water is sucked in like a vacuum, along with food.

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Look at that!

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It's sucked down a whole fish right in front of us.

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Well, the chainmail certainly did its job and with results like these,

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I can't help hopping back in for one last slice of lemon shark action.

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Um...!

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I think we've got a bit too many sharks for this.

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Argh!

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With a suite of super senses to find prey.

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Their rows of thin, pointy teeth snag into fish

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and their bite could swallow a beach ball.

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Lemon sharks are a formidable,

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fish munching machine with

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jaws for the job.

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MUSIC: TITANIC THEME TUNE

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Seriously, my next deadly contender is another Caribbean shark,

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but this is a very different beast.

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It's the Bahamas' largest and most feared predator...

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..the tiger shark.

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They can get to be as long as a limousine,

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weigh the same as a small car, have an intimidating reputation

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and this could be the best place on Earth to find one.

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So, this is Tiger beach, except there's no beach

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and no tigers either.

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Well, not the obvious kind, anyhow.

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In actual fact, it's a shallow sandbank, surrounded by miles

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and miles of open sea.

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We're hoping for a dark

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and distinctive silhouette under the water.

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But, at the moment, all we can see

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are our old friends the lemon sharks.

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But we're making sure we're ready.

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And a big tiger shark has teeth

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and bite force that can get through the shell of a turtle.

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So, this...

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well, I think it's more for my peace of mind than anything else.

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Got something coming back. I don't know if it's a tiger now.

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Big dark spot coming in right now.

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Could be.

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Could be the tiger coming in now. I don't know.

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'We're not sure, but we're going to get in to check it out.'

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Tiger sharks are opportunists and omnivores,

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which means they'll eat almost anything that come their way.

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Attacks on humans are incredibly rare but we need to be

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super vigilant for anything that doesn't look like a lemon shark.

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So far, all I can see are lemon sharks.

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'But, somewhere out there, a tiger might be circling.'

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Oh, my goodness.

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Well, THIS is why we came here to Tiger beach!

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It's a true monster of a tiger shark.

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It's easy to tell them apart from the lemons.

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The tiger shark is noticeably broader and stouter.

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The eyes are black...

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..and it has these stripes and dappling colouration

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running down the sides...

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..that give it its tiger name.

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It's a much more menacing shark.

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It's one of the largest purely predatory creatures on Earth.

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They're well-known for taking just about anything

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they can fit into their mouths.

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The teeth are also totally different to the lemons -

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short, wide, curved and with a serrated edge,

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they can carve through turtle shells, sea birds

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even other sharks, they're not fussy.

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They've even been known to eat car tyres and number plates.

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They cruise up and down in the water column using smell

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to hone in on food.

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So, now we have two tiger sharks in the mix

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and that's completely changed the situation. Three?!

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Yes, another one. Whoa.

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Right, from here on in, we're going to have to be much more careful.

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A lemon shark could give you a nasty nip...

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..but, if a tiger shark got a hold of you, even wearing a chainmail...

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it's going to be very bad indeed.

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I'm...I'm really nervous about this tiger here, it's a bit...

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a bit too...

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aggressive for my liking, actually.

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It really...

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..that one there, it's got attitude.

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The other ones I'm fine with, but that one, that needs to be watched.

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I'm not comfortable with you at all.

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Whoa!

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Do you know what?

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This shark is not good.

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'It's instantly obvious that every shark has a different personality.

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'This one is bold, confident and inquisitive, and,

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'as sharks don't have hands to feel with,

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'they use their mouths and their teeth.'

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I've got my eye on you.

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This is absolute chaos!

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There - on your fin, Si. No, draw in your foot.

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Draw in your foot, seriously.

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Whoa, whoa, whoa! Si, Si, Si!

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Everyone OK down there?

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That shark very, very nearly took a bite of Simon's leg...

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..and that's a tiger, that's not good news.

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'Best not to overstay our welcome. This is the tiger sharks' domain.

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'These awe-inspiring beasts are the true lords of

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'the Caribbean seas - we are merely visitors.'

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That was really hard work.

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There were a lot of tigers around.

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It's impossible to keep your eyes on all of them,

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so, just when you think you've got it sussed

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and you know where they're coming from,

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another one'll come and hammer you from...from behind.

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They can weigh over half a ton.

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And can bite through a turtle's shell.

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With pugnacious personality...

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tiger sharks are the Caribbean's

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ultimate underwater predator.

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'I'm continuing my search for the Bahamas' most deadly

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'by heading inland because there is something here

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'that's, to me, more terrifying than any tiger shark.'

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What lies ahead is one of the most challenging, certainly for me,

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the most frightening thing that we've ever done on Deadly.

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For once, this is not a deadly animal, it's a deadly place.

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Over the years I've done expeditions in every kind of environment -

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mountains, desert, arctic.

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But there's one that scares me more than any other, it's caves.

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And if there's one thing that's more frightening than a cave,

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it's a flooded cave that has absolutely no air in it.

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'It may appear to be an innocent looking forest pool,

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'but it's actually the gateway to a mysterious underworld.'

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Peppered around the Caribbean, these pools mark the entrance to

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flooded passages and caves,

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stretching for hundreds of miles underground.

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They are some of the most beautiful and unexplored places on Earth,

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but have the potential to be lethal.

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If you lose your way in these labyrinths,

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you won't be coming out alive.

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So, back in the UK I've been training hard to prepare.

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Cave diving requires a specialist set of skills and nerves of steel.

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'It's dark, claustrophobic and requires a lot of experience

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'and technical knowledge.'

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Here's hoping the Bahamas is going to be somewhat different.

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'At least here I'm good hands,

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'as I've teamed up with some elite cave divers.'

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Flooded caves are one of the most unexplored environments

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on the planet, but they're also one of the most dangerous and

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one of the reasons for that is there's no air inside them.

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If you're diving out in the sea and something goes wrong, you can

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come to the surface. You can't in a cave.

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So, we've got enormous amounts of compressed air.

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The other complete nightmare with cave diving would be

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if everything went dark because then you'd get lost

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and if you get lost, you're probably not going to come out alive.

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So, I've got an awful lot of light.

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'Whenever I get into a cave, I start feeling claustrophobic

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'and I can feel my heart rate going up and it does really frighten me.'

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When you're diving that is the last thing you want.

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If your heart rate goes up, then your breathing goes up

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and you start using up much more air,

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so you want to relax, you want to calm yourself down.

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Can't put it off any longer.

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Over all the years that Johnny the cameraman and I have been

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working together, we've done all sorts of dives -

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sharks, whales, crocodiles.

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This is the first time that he's not allowed to come with me.

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'I'm just praying this is all going to be worth it.'

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At the moment, all I'm doing is shaking with fear.

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'The other cave divers will be watching my back

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'and also filming what we find.

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'It's time to leave my crew behind.'

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Three...two...one.

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'The darkness is so disorientating,

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'it's hard to know which way is up or down.'

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'But as I get my bearings, we make our first discovery.'

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Amazing!

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Well...

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..there's not much life living in these caves,

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but there are a few...

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..creatures that make their home here.

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Like these...tiny shrimp.

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Look at all of the long antennae that it's tapping around

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in the darkness with. It can't see...

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..so it needs to make best use of those long sensory appendages.

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'This cave shrimp is a rare find.

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'They survive here by feeling their way with tactile antennae,

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'sensing food and evading predators in the pitch black.'

0:22:300:22:33

So, did you see how fast that swam away?

0:22:360:22:39

'A little deeper in the cave is a truly prehistoric find.'

0:22:410:22:45

This strange fish...

0:22:480:22:50

..it's called a brotula.

0:22:500:22:52

Look at the wonderful way it moves with the undulations of its tail.

0:22:530:22:57

The extraordinary thing is, these fish are predatory,

0:22:590:23:04

so they'll swallow just about anything.

0:23:040:23:06

They're very, very primitive fish,

0:23:070:23:09

they've probably been around on the planet for tens,

0:23:090:23:12

maybe even hundreds of millions of years,

0:23:120:23:15

and remain pretty much unchanged.

0:23:150:23:18

And the only place they live is in caves like this.

0:23:190:23:24

That is one of the weirdest things I've ever seen.

0:23:260:23:29

'Further into the cave system, the water clears,

0:23:370:23:39

'and a world of wonder emerges.'

0:23:390:23:42

No way!

0:23:520:23:53

That is incredible!

0:23:590:24:00

This place is awe-inspiring.

0:24:060:24:09

I've never seen anything like it in my life.

0:24:090:24:12

Even more so because so few people will ever have seen it before.

0:24:160:24:21

I'm having to concentrate...

0:24:260:24:28

..to keep my breathing down...

0:24:290:24:31

and stop my heart rate going up.

0:24:310:24:33

'This cavern is adorned with stalagmites and stalactites

0:24:390:24:42

'that were formed thousands of years ago before the cave flooded.'

0:24:420:24:46

Some of the formations here in the cave are formed of

0:24:490:24:53

all kinds of crystals.

0:24:530:24:55

Look at that - it's just glowing!

0:24:570:25:00

I've never felt more like a visitor to an alien planet than I do here.

0:25:000:25:04

It's easy to be so overwhelmed

0:25:150:25:18

by the beauty and the majesty

0:25:180:25:20

of all the features in these caverns

0:25:200:25:23

that you totally forget where you are

0:25:230:25:26

and, all of a sudden, you remember

0:25:260:25:29

that you're underground and underwater

0:25:290:25:31

and a very, very long way from safety.

0:25:310:25:34

'We've now ventured so deep into the cave

0:25:370:25:39

'that there would be no chance of rescue.'

0:25:390:25:41

'It would be all too easy to get lost,

0:25:440:25:46

'it's a maze of tunnels and dead ends.

0:25:460:25:48

'If I panic or make a mistake now, this could be my watery tomb.'

0:25:480:25:52

'And as if to remind me,

0:25:570:25:59

'we find the remains of a long dead deadly animal.'

0:25:590:26:03

This is certainly...

0:26:030:26:05

not something you expect to see...

0:26:050:26:08

in a cave like this.

0:26:080:26:10

It's the remains of a crocodile.

0:26:110:26:13

This has probably come from about 800 to

0:26:140:26:18

4,000 years ago.

0:26:180:26:20

You can still see the upper jawbone...

0:26:220:26:24

..some of the teeth.

0:26:260:26:27

Actually, it's still in remarkably good condition.

0:26:270:26:30

'Places like this are living time capsules of what

0:26:390:26:41

'life was like thousands of years ago.

0:26:410:26:44

'It's hard to tear myself away,

0:26:440:26:45

'but with air supplies running low we have to head for the surface.'

0:26:450:26:49

There's no doubt that caves,

0:26:530:26:55

particularly flooded caves like this are a deadly environment.

0:26:550:26:59

I mean, there's very little margin for error. You get things wrong

0:26:590:27:02

and you haven't really got a lot of chance of surviving.

0:27:020:27:05

But they've got to be one of the most

0:27:050:27:07

magical, mystical places on the planet...

0:27:070:27:11

..and, uh...

0:27:110:27:13

I'm not going to forget that in a hurry.

0:27:130:27:15

Miles of unexplored passages with no air...

0:27:160:27:19

..tight claustrophobic squeezes...

0:27:210:27:23

..and perpetual darkness...

0:27:250:27:27

..make this Bahamas flooded cave

0:27:290:27:31

one of the deadliest places

0:27:310:27:32

I will ever set eyes on.

0:27:320:27:34

Join me next time as I continue my journey on Deadly Pole to Pole.

0:27:360:27:40

Argh!

0:27:420:27:44

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