Broken Bones Nina and the Neurons: Brilliant Bodies


Broken Bones

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# If you've got a question and you don't know where to go

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# Ask Nina for some help Cos she's got a science show

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# She makes sense of her senses While helping all her fans

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# By doing her experiments with potions and bangs

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-# Touch your tongue

-Tongue!

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-# Fingers

-Fingers!

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-# Eyes.

-Eyes!

-Ears.

-Ears!

-Nose.

-Nose!

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# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know

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# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know

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# Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch

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# Ollie sniffs out smells and scents And Belle, she hears so much

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# Bud is Ollie's brother He helps us with our taste

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# They're Nina's little Neurons And they're coming to your place!

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-# Touch your tongue

-Tongue!

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-# Fingers

-Fingers!

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-# Eyes.

-Eyes!

-Ears.

-Ears!

-Nose.

-Nose!

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# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know

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# Nina and the Neurons find out what you need to know

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# Oh, yeah! #

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Oh, hello there. I'm just moving Mr Skeleton.

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Did you know that the human body has more than 200 bones in it?

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That's a lot of bones to look after. Gently does it.

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-There.

-BEEPING

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I hear a beep, I see a flash. I wonder what they're going to ask.

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-BOTH: Hi, Nina.

-Hello!

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We've got a question for you.

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How do broken bones get better?

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That's a great question, "How do broken bones get better?"

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I'd love to know the answer to that. So would Mr Skeleton.

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Why don't you come down to my lab? We'll experiment and investigate.

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-BOTH: See you soon, Nina. Bye.

-Bye.

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I'm going to need some help to answer this one,

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and I know just who to ask.

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OK, neurons. Time to get to work.

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ALL: Neurons at the ready, Nina.

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OK, today's question is, "How do broken bones get better?"

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Which neuron would be most useful in helping us find the answer?

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ALL: Me! Me! Me!

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Will it be fabulous Felix?

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I can help so very much if you need the sense of touch.

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Will it be beautiful Belle?

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I send messages to brain from ear, if there's sound, I help you hear.

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Will it be lovely Luke?

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For looking and seeing, day or night,

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I'll help you with your sense of sight.

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-Will it be awesome Ollie?

-If it's whiffy but you can't tell,

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my messages help your sense of smell.

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Or will it be baby Bud?

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Sour, salty, bitter or sweet,

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I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat.

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-Oh!

-It's Felix!

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CHEERING

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ALL: Go, Felix! Go, Felix! Go, Felix! Go, Felix!

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Go, Felix! Go, Felix!

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Marvellous. A little touch can mean so much, Nina.

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Today's question is, "How do broken bones get better?"

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Because we can feel if a bone is broken,

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Felix, our touch neuron will help me today.

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I need to get the lab ready before the experimenters arrive.

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Jack likes pirates and Cei likes planting seeds,

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but they both want to know how broken bones get better.

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So today, for one day only, Jack and Cei become the experimenters!

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-Hi, guys.

-BOTH: Hi, Nina.

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Welcome to my science lab. It's lovely to see you.

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Your question was, "How do broken bones get better?" Great question.

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Why do you want to know?

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My cousin broke his arm but now it's better.

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We want to know how it got better.

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I'm glad your cousin's OK.

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I think we need to investigate to find out more about bones.

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For our first experiment, we're going to use our senses.

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ALL: Whoop-whoo! A senses experiment! We're ready, Nina.

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Each of us has hundreds of bones inside us, just like Mr Skeleton.

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All of these bones inside of us help us to stand up straight

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and get around and move objects.

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The bones in Mr Skeleton's chest look just like a cage.

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Yes, Luke. That's because some bones, like our ribs,

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are there to protect soft parts of our body.

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I have some pretend bones here.

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I'd like you guys to use your sense of sight

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to match them to bones on Mr Skeleton.

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-Can you do that?

-BOTH: Yes, Nina.

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-NINA GASPS

-Yeah, you're right.

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It's a thigh bone. Very good. OK, Jack,

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do you want to have a try with one of your bones?

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Ho-ho! Well done! That was very quick, excellent.

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That's the hip bone. Very good. Cei, your turn again.

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Oh!

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That's right, it's a kneecap. Well done.

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Oh, the last one. Where do you think it goes?

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Erm...

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I think it's one of...

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That's right! It's our calf bone. Super work, guys.

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Now I would like you to use your sense of touch

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to describe how the bones feel. Pick up a bone.

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-Does it feel hard or bendy?

-BOTH: Hard.

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Yeah, the bones feel really hard and strong, don't they?

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-To prove it, listen.

-BANG!

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Sounds hard to me, Nina.

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It is, Belle. Bones are very hard and strong,

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because of something called calcium.

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If bones didn't have calcium in them,

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they'd be all bendy... Oh! ..like this toy bone.

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Ha-ha! Do you think it would be a good or bad thing

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to have bendy, rubbery bones?

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-BOTH: A bad thing.

-Yeah.

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We need hard, strong bones so we can stand up and move around.

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And we get calcium from eating foods like fruit and vegetables,

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cheese and milk, so it's important to eat plenty of calcium foods.

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-Yes! I love those foods!

-Glad to hear it, Bud.

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We still don't know how broken bones get better.

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To find out more, we need to visit a place where people work

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with bones all the time, so let's go!

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I wonder where Nina is taking us.

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Nina said it's a place where people work with bones all the time.

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Better sharpen your senses, neurons. We're here.

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OK, experimenters. I've brought you to this hospital

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to learn about how broken bones get better.

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This is the person to help us - Dr Jones.

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-Hello, Nina, experimenters.

-BOTH: Hi.

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-Tell us about bones.

-Bones are amazing.

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They're one of the strongest things in nature.

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Sometimes, they still break.

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bones are strong, but they can sometimes break

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if we have an accident like falling off our bike.

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Don't worry, it doesn't happen often.

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When people break a bone, they come to a hospital to get it fixed.

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This picture is called an X-ray,

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which shows us the bones inside our bodies.

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You can see where this bone has broken. We call that a fracture.

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-A what-ture?

-A fracture, Bud.

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A break in a bone is called a fracture. OK, experimenters.

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Let's see if we can spot a fracture on a different X-ray.

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-Can you see where it is, guys?

-Yes, Nina. There it is.

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That's right. Thanks, Dr Jones.

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You're welcome, Nina. Bye!

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ALL: Bye!

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So we've learned that bones are strong but can break

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if we have an accident or fall over, and when a bone breaks,

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it's called a fracture.

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Do you see what that lady has on her arm?

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-My cousin had one of those.

-It's called a cast.

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When someone has a fracture, a doctor often puts a cast

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around the outside of the broken bone to help it get better.

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-Excuse me, do you mind if we touch your cast?

-OK, Nina.

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Let's have a wee feel.

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-Feels very hard to me, Nina.

-That's right, Felix.

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How does this hard cast help a broken bone to get better?

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I've got an experiment back at the lab that will help us find out.

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-Let's go.

-BOTH: Yay!

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OK, in front of you there, we have three pretend bones.

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As you can see, they're all broken into two pieces.

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Now, experimenters, I'd like you to help me

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put these bones back together and see if we can make them match.

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OK, find the match.

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Do they match? No? Oh, do those match? Yay!

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-Excellent!

-NINA GIGGLES

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You hold onto that one.

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Hold it carefully in the middle. Let's see what we can do.

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Do you want to hold them up? Do they match?

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-Yeah.

-Yay!

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So it must be these ones.

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Hey! Excellent work, guys.

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Now, when a real bone breaks, the two pieces

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need to fit back together perfectly for the bone to heal properly.

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Healing means when something gets all better again.

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But how do bones get better, Nina?

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Well, our bodies make a special substance

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that's a bit like this glue, and it sticks the bones back

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together again when they've been broken.

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In fact, why don't we put some glue on the jagged ends of our bones

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and see if we can stick them together?

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So when broken bones start sticking back together,

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it's calcium that helps make the bone grow hard again.

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That means they can grow nice and strong so they're as good as new.

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OK. How are you getting on, guys?

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I'm going to try and put mine together now. Fantastic.

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But for the pieces to stick together,

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we need the glue to become hard, which is called setting.

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That only happens properly when the pieces stay perfectly still,

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and that's the same with broken bones.

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-Mmm.

-That's like the cast we touched at the hospital, Nina.

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Yes it is, Felix.

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A cast holds a broken bone perfectly still while the fracture sets.

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We are going to make our very own cast. OK.

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Take a strip of this wet special material.

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Great. Now we're going to wrap it tightly around our fracture.

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This is going to dry really quickly, setting hard.

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Ah, there!

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-BANG!

-Ho-ho-ho!

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Our hard cast is helping our pretend bones

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to stay still while they're sticking back together.

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-BANG!

-Ha-ha!

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So your question was, "How do broken bones get better?"

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I think we've answered it. We've found out bones are hard and strong

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because of something called calcium.

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We get calcium from foods like fruit and vegetables and cheese and milk.

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If a bone breaks, it's called a fracture,

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and a doctor uses a special X-ray photograph

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to see the fracture

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and then put a cast around the outside of the broken bone

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so that it keeps the bone straight and still.

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This helps the bone join back together, which is called setting.

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Our bodies make a special substance that's a bit like glue

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that helps the bone stick back together.

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Then calcium makes the bone strong again, as good as new.

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I hope that answered your question.

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BOTH: Thanks, Nina. Bye!

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-Bye!

-NINA GIGGLES

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If you want to find out more about the science all around us,

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go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website. Have fun!

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-Hearts beating.

-Lungs breathing.

-Fingers feeling.

-Mouths eating.

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And don't forget your brain.

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# Brilliant bodies, brilliant bodies

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# Inside and out

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# Brilliant bodies, brilliant bodies

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# Come on, let's find out about

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# Our happy hands and bendy knees

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# Stretchy backs And noses that sneeze

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-# We all have brilliant bodies

-Brilliant bodies!

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# Every part has a job to do

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# Even scabs and ear wax too

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-# We all have brilliant bodies

-Brilliant bodies

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# Brilliant bodies, brilliant bodies

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# Lashes to protect our eyes

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# Brilliant bodies, brilliant bodies

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# And don't forget to exercise. #

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I've had a brilliant day,

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especially hearing how hard the bone was because of calcium.

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Ah, it's been such a great day, man.

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Seeing the broken bones in the X-ray pictures was amazing.

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It's been a marvellous day. That cast felt really hard.

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The bones should stick back together in no time.

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And remember, everyone's body is different,

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but they're all brilliant. See you again soon. Bye!

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ALL: Bye-bye!

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