The Secret Life of Elephants The Secret Life of Elephants


The Secret Life of Elephants

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They care for friend and family like few other animals.

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Like us, they feel emotion.

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They may even be aware of their own mortality.

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Yet there's still so very much we don't know about elephants.

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Here in Northern Kenya, the Save the Elephants

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team is making extraordinary discoveries about their lives.

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They're facing big challenges.

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There's continuing conflict between people and elephants

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and the death of a bull called Mungu remains a mystery.

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The dry season arrived, bringing desperate times for all the elephants.

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A baby elephant called Breeze might not have survived.

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We'll follow these dramatic stories alongside the team,

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as they reveal the Secret Life Of Elephants.

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Samburu lies in the arid north of Kenya.

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For over two months, the reserve has been in the grip of severe drought.

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The elephants were forced to leave in search of water.

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Now, the rains have come.

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The river is flowing through the heart of the reserve once again.

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The land is turning green and soon the elephants will be back.

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David Daballen is a field researcher with the Save the Elephants team.

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He's out looking for a very special baby elephant.

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Breeze was born nine months ago.

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Since her first day of life, David's watched her growing up.

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But her family, the Winds, left the reserve with the other elephants during the drought.

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It was a very worrying factor when Breeze left the park.

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She left when she was quite young

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and you know, she didn't have that experience of leaving the park.

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Outside the reserve, food can be hard to find and elephants risk conflict with people.

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David can only hope that Breeze makes it safely back.

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The research team are based at a field camp in the reserve.

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Everyone is looking forward to the elephants coming back.

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The team's aim is to give elephants a future in Africa,

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through researching and protecting them.

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Founder Iain Douglas-Hamilton has studied elephants for over 40 years

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and he has a special interest in pioneering technology.

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I started in 1969 with simple devices that you put onto an elephant,

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and they bleeped, sent out a radio signal, and you could track it down.

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Well, we still do that,

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but with GPS technology, we can now get the collar to receive signals

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from satellites that will pinpoint that elephant within ten metres.

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There we are...

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Today, there's news.

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The collars are showing that a few elephants are heading back to the reserve.

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There's Jerusalem, Anastasia and Neptune.

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-All of them are just in the park.

-Fantastic.

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Not all the elephants have collars,

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so the team need to see who else is with them.

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Could Breeze and her family be back?

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David's heading out with Iain's daughter, Saba Douglas-Hamilton.

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She grew up in Africa and has a lifelong passion for elephants.

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Out in the reserve, everything has changed.

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The elephants are back.

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Herd upon herd are converging on the reserve and they're making their presence felt.

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After such a long absence, Saba and David are delighted to see them.

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Oh, look, we're getting all sorts of groups meeting up.

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All the elephants are given names and they need to work out who's here.

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Look at this.

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All the elephants are back.

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Look at the hardwoods, look at the flowers.

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Wait, hold on, is that Ebony there?

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That is Ebony.

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Just like people, each elephant has a unique personality.

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To understand their lives, the team get to know every one.

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-It's like seeing old friends, isn't it?

-Yep.

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There are some elephants here I haven't seen for a very long time.

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The herds of females are gathering here for the most important date in the elephant's calendar,

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the breeding season.

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But not every elephant will have made it through the drought

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and it's the youngsters that are most vulnerable.

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My big interest will be checking all the calves, how many survived

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and who did we lose here, that's very important.

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David hasn't found the calf he really wants to see, Breeze.

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David needs to intensify his search.

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He can recognise 600 individual elephants,

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but there's no sign of Breeze and her family, the Winds.

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Over a third of baby elephants can die in their first year

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and all David can do is check the herds and hope Breeze makes it back.

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Most of the females are back,

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but what about the big bulls?

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Back at camp, there's a new way the team can find them.

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MOBILE PHONE BLEEPS

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Hah!

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Esidai, a collared bull elephant, has sent a text to Iain's phone.

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-Where's he been?

-Let me just get the Google up,

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have a look at this and see what he's been up to.

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Here we go, he's been wandering around in quite a wide-ranging pattern.

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Eight months ago, the team collared Esidai in a challenging darting operation.

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Collar! I just need the collar, please!

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His collar sends a text when he enters or leaves the reserve

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and they can track his position on computer.

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He's lured back because there are lots of females and lots of food.

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Yes, he's come back

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and he's roaming with a hungry heart, looking for ladies.

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-I bet he is.

-Yes.

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It's a good sign, it means the boys are coming back, the big bulls.

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They will be. Why don't you go and look?

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I'd love to, he's probably with some other bulls.

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-Now you know where to look.

-Right, Archers Post.

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To find Esidai, Saba must travel to the extreme eastern edge of the reserve.

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David, do you copy? I've just come across four bulls,

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I've got Esidai here and his collar looks twisted.

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Esidai and the other bulls are six-tonne giants,

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the biggest land animals on earth.

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They're feeding, building their strength to be in peak condition for the breeding season.

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Soon, they'll be ready to move in on the herds of females.

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Now what we are seeing now is the larger bulls

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preparing themselves, readying themselves for that moment when everything switches,

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and their hormones start flooding through their bodies and they go and hunt for mates.

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They're on the top of that wave

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and it's about to break over the

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reserve, so it's going to be a very exciting time in the next few weeks.

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Since her childhood, Saba has had several close encounters with elephants.

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But working with big bulls is different.

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They can be extremely dangerous,

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especially in the breeding season.

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As Daniel Lentipo, a researcher on the team, found out.

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When the bull lost the fight

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we thought he was running away from us and he went and came on behind,

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and attacked the car from the bumper,

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flipped it upside down three different times.

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This is what happened when Daniel's truck was attacked by a bull called Rommel.

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Saba wants to hear about Daniel's terrifying experience

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and sitting inside the wrecked car brings it all home.

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So Rommel was fighting with Abe Lincoln, two big bulls,

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and you were watching and then all of a sudden Rommel attacks you?

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-Yeah.

-So you had tusks literally coming up here right behind your head?

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Yeah, right, one of the tusks was hitting right here.

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Oh, my God.

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It happened six years ago, but the horrific attack is still fresh in Daniel's mind.

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When the car hit on the ground, the whole windshield was gone

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and the whole glasses were covered into me and George

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and we were lying on the dashboard, knowing that any minute we're gonna to lose our lives.

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Daniel and the other researcher escaped by crawling out and climbing a tree.

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It's left Daniel extremely wary of big bulls

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and he's very much in awe of Rommel, the bull who attacked him.

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He's a legend, he's amazing cos I mean, what happens, none of our bulls

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ever attack the car, it's only Rommel.

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Rommel hasn't been seen for several years, the team think he might be dead.

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But Daniel's experience shows just how dangerous working with bull elephants can be.

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After the rains, Samburu is teeming with life.

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All the animals here are dependent on the river.

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The elephants come to drink every day, so it's a good place for David to look for Breeze.

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There are still a few families returning late to the reserve.

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Suddenly, David sees the elephants he's been waiting for.

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It's his old friends, the Winds, led by matriarch, Harmattan.

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And just behind is her calf, Breeze.

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It's a huge relief.

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Breeze has made it safely back to the reserve.

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But the dry season has taken its toll.

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You know, Breeze, when they came back, she looked a little bit thin,

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but you know that's what we expect all the elephants to be looking like at dry season.

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But after coming back to the reserve she was doing very well,

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playing with the calves, so little Breeze has grown to be an elephant.

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Breeze has really grown up.

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She now joins the older calves in their more boisterous games.

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Harmattan has drawn on the experience of a lifetime to lead her family through the drought.

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But there's a new problem.

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As the herds gather,

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there are excited elephants and unruly bulls everywhere.

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HE TRUMPETS

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Harmattan must continue to protect her family.

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Another herd comes charging into the river.

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Harmattan takes evasive action.

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David can relax.

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With her mother's skilful leadership, Breeze has got through her most vulnerable months

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and she has every chance of a bright future.

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A mile away, there's another new arrival.

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A strange bull is chasing off another male.

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Saba's straight on his trail.

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He's huge and Saba thinks she recognises him.

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A distinctive cut on his right ear confirms it.

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This is Rommel,

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the bull who six years ago nearly killed Daniel and wrecked a car.

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Everyone thought he was dead, but he's back.

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I think you should probably follow us in.

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There he is, look.

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He's the most dangerous elephant the team know and Saba needs to warn the others he's here.

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David, David.

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RADIO: Go ahead, Saba.

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You're not going to believe who I've just bumped into.

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Who?

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Rommel.

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OK, um, just make sure you keep your distance from Rommel.

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Yeah, no, don't worry, I have no intention of getting too close.

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Saba isn't taking any chances and is leaving herself an escape route.

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Rommel has crossed the line and deliberately attacked people.

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He's like this rogue bull who just comes out of nowhere and turns the whole place upside down.

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We are all petrified of him, everyone is petrified of him.

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I've never seen a reaction like that to a bull elephant.

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We know all of the bulls in this area,

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we know all of the resident bulls and we are pretty familiarised

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with them, but Rommel is just, he's a whole different calibre.

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His head and neck are massive,

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he's built like a prize-fighter, with the aggression to match.

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There are bloody wounds on his face and trunk, it looks like he's already been fighting.

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There's only one thing on his mind, finding females.

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And knowing Rommel, he won't let anything get in his way.

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Saba will have to be very careful.

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The reserve is now full of dozens of elephant families.

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Among them are the Native Americans, led by their matriarch, Mohican.

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Her impressive tusks almost touch at the tip.

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Things are about to get interesting for Mohican.

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Her streaming temple glands are a sign she's in season and soon she'll be ready to mate.

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A female in oestrus gives off a distinctive scent in her urine.

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Already, there are lusty young bulls on her trail and they're heading straight into the family.

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Mohican moves away from her herd and stops the bulls disrupting family life.

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She can't go too far.

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She has a two-year-old calf, who's relying on her milk.

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But the amorous bulls don't give her much time to suckle him.

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All the local bulls are closing in on her.

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As a matriarch, Mohican has a high rank in the reserve

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and these younger males are not the ones she'll want to mate with.

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ELEPHANTS SCREAMING

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She's making her intentions clear and waiting until the big bulls are here.

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There's bad news.

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A dead elephant has been reported outside the reserve.

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Getting there now. About where it is.

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Iain is a skilled pilot

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and the team are trying to find it from the air.

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We had a report yesterday, from the same warrior who described...

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Onesmas Kahindi has worked with Save The Elephants for 10 years.

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He investigates every elephant death.

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-There, there, there, yes, right there.

-They've found it.

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There's a carcass right there.

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It's another mysterious death and the team will have to look into it.

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Every year, elephants are illegally killed by man.

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Each pin represents an elephant poached for its ivory.

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In the 1970s and '80s,

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600,000 elephants were killed - over half of Africa's population.

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Numbers are slowly recovering but poaching is still a threat.

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Four months ago, the biggest bull in the area was killed in suspicious circumstances.

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That's Mungu all right, there's no question about it,

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M for Mungu, how very sad.

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The team knew Mungu well and this was a terrible loss.

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Look at that.

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Black ivory markets still exist

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and unfortunately they exist in countries that

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neighbour Kenya and very close to where we are right now.

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All elephants here are at risk when they step outside the protected reserve.

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But the big bulls are prime targets because of their huge tusks.

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To investigate the latest deaths, Onesmas must leave the reserve straight away.

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At the river, herds of elephants are gathering.

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The breeding season is well under way.

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Young bulls are testing their strength.

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Mothers have to work hard to make sure their babies aren't caught in the turmoil.

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Amongst the herds, David spots a calf in real trouble.

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A baby elephant, just a few weeks old, is badly injured.

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She has a very swollen front leg.

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She's called Miro and her mother, Chagall, is a bit of a loner.

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She's split away from her herd, the Artists,

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and this leaves her and her calf very vulnerable.

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A young elephant is having fun chasing egrets,

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but although Miro looks interested, she can't join in.

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She's missing out on playing and learning,

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which is vital to a baby elephant's development.

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This is a terrible time for the calf and her mother.

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Chagall is doing her best to look after the crippled calf on her own.

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But when a big herd approaches, she's forced to leave the river.

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Miro is clearly in pain

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and just keeping up with her mother is an ordeal.

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David knows that without immediate help,

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this injury could be fatal for little Miro.

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Iain has come out to see Rommel, the bull elephant with the worst reputation in the reserve.

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Oh, my God, there he is.

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I haven't seen him for four years.

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Four years ago, Iain tried to radio collar Rommel,

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but his neck was too big!

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So where he roams is still a mystery.

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I just feel so lucky that we're seeing him now.

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It's just wonderful, he'd been roaming and here he is,

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he's come to acquaint himself with our ladies in this park

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and to terrorise us.

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I think he's upsetting a lot of male egos right now -

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he's so big and fierce.

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Saba can see from his temporal glands and streaming urine

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that Rommel has entered the unique breeding condition of musth.

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It's almost like this super-surge of hormones where they're just flooded with testosterone

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and it brings them into this heightened state of sexuality and aggression, where they find females,

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mate them, guard them and if they are forced to fight, then they are ready to escalate.

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Charged with testosterone, Rommel is at his most dangerous.

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And he's letting every other bull know he's arrived.

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Bulls have a very specific rumble that they make when they are in musth.

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What we can hear is just the tip of the iceberg and there's this huge

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infrasonic boom that goes rolling out across the plains.

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And it's making every elephant in the area know

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that there is a musth bull around and they have to be careful.

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Rommel is on a mission to find females in season,

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like Mohican of the Native Americans family.

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But the reserve covers over 100 square miles, so this could be a challenge.

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If you try to get yourself inside an elephant's head,

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you have to realise that their primary senses are touch, smell and sound.

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And so the way that a musth bull homes in on an oestrus female is precisely using those senses

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and, when you watch them, you'll see them constantly scenting the wind and listening,

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and then just literally homing straight in to their one target.

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Rommel has picked up a scent.

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But if there's a female in season around, every other bull will also be heading that way.

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Rommel needs to get there first.

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Onesmas is heading north.

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He's investigating the recent elephant deaths to find out if poaching is involved.

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You see this is where Esidai takes his migration route.

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From the collaring data, the team know that elephants from the reserve travel the same route.

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I think like an elephant and I have to act like one.

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Just like an elephant, I have a mission and I have a purpose.

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I have to get to that carcass, no matter what circumstances it's in.

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Onesmas is in Namunyak.

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He's hoping to get information from the Samburu people, who share this land with elephants.

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Poachers do operate here, but most people don't want elephants to be harmed.

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In fact, the Samburu have a deep respect for elephants.

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The herders gather from miles around at a dry river bed.

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They dig wells to water their precious livestock.

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But it's not just the livestock that benefit.

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Elephants also dig in river beds when it's dry.

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But here the water is too deep for the elephants to reach, so the herders help them out.

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The Samburu people will always allow elephants to actually come and drink

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from the same wells and the argument is, they are part of the landscape

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and particularly for elephants, they are an important symbol within the culture.

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Herders cover vast areas and are often the first to hear about dead elephants or poachers.

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With time and trust, Onesmas has built an intelligence network.

0:31:410:31:45

And it's about to pay off.

0:31:450:31:47

Back in the reserve, David and Iain are looking for Miro, the little calf with an injured leg.

0:31:580:32:04

She's resting with some other elephants under the shade of a tree.

0:32:040:32:09

OK, we'll just wait until she comes into the open.

0:32:130:32:15

Ah, is it that small baby?

0:32:220:32:24

-Yeah.

-Oh, really, the tiny one?

0:32:240:32:26

-The tiny baby.

-Oh, my God.

-I know.

0:32:260:32:29

What we do now is we assess whether or not we need to get Dr Chege...

0:32:290:32:33

OK.

0:32:330:32:35

Miro's leg is worse than ever.

0:32:380:32:41

Ah, poor little thing, look at that.

0:32:410:32:43

The calf is quite skinny.

0:32:430:32:46

Miro's struggling to walk and she's getting thinner.

0:32:460:32:50

Yes, it is swollen.

0:32:500:32:52

I want to see how she puts her weight on it.

0:32:520:32:56

-It's blown up like a football.

-Hmm.

0:32:560:32:59

I wonder what happened?

0:32:590:33:02

You know, David, I think we are going to have to get Dr Chege.

0:33:020:33:07

It just doesn't look good enough.

0:33:070:33:09

I agree with you.

0:33:090:33:10

Just like us, elephants feel deep emotion

0:33:100:33:13

and the team can't let the calf and her mother suffer.

0:33:130:33:16

The vet is her only hope.

0:33:160:33:19

It's the end of the day and Rommel is closing in on his target.

0:33:240:33:29

He's headed straight for a herd of females.

0:33:290:33:32

It's Mohican, the matriarch in season.

0:33:360:33:40

Rommel has tracked her scent halfway across the reserve.

0:33:400:33:45

But another bull has got here first, a big male called Kofi.

0:33:460:33:51

Rommel makes his move.

0:34:000:34:02

As the two giants size each other up, the tension rises.

0:34:120:34:17

And it's Kofi who backs down.

0:34:220:34:24

Rommel greets the family.

0:34:340:34:36

To win them over, he needs to make a gentle approach.

0:34:380:34:41

The whole herd seem fascinated by this enormous stranger.

0:34:480:34:53

But Kofi isn't leaving -

0:35:000:35:04

the allure of a female in season is just too strong.

0:35:040:35:09

So far, it's Rommel who's proving to be a hit with the ladies.

0:35:110:35:15

When he moves off, Mohican and the rest of the family follow him.

0:35:150:35:20

But if Rommel isn't vigilant, Kofi could chance a mating with Mohican.

0:35:200:35:25

For the next few days, Rommel will shadow Mohican day and night and he must be prepared to fight off Kofi.

0:35:300:35:37

Outside the reserve, Onesmas has vital new information.

0:36:100:36:14

A Samburu herder reported gunshots, close to the dead elephant the team saw from the air.

0:36:140:36:21

Onesmas needs to turn detective and find out if it was poached.

0:36:210:36:26

Like the old English saying where "Dead men tell no tales",

0:36:260:36:32

in my opinion, dead elephants tell a lot of tales.

0:36:320:36:35

It's a big bull and the evidence points to a violent death.

0:36:390:36:43

It did not die immediately, because you can see this little hollow on

0:36:430:36:48

the ground is actually made by the knee rubbing on the ground.

0:36:480:36:53

This elephant fought to survive, but his wounds were too great.

0:36:530:36:57

If we walk around this way...

0:36:570:36:59

The tusks have been hacked away -

0:36:590:37:01

this elephant was definitely poached.

0:37:010:37:04

Even more suspicious, there's the remains of a small fire nearby.

0:37:040:37:09

Again, that hole there,

0:37:090:37:11

gives a lot of information and it's clearly a spear wound.

0:37:110:37:16

It's very, very sharp on the edge here

0:37:160:37:18

and there are actually two of them.

0:37:180:37:20

From his teeth, Onesmas can work out how old he was.

0:37:200:37:24

26 centimetres and the width is eight centimetres.

0:37:240:37:30

That elephant is 51 years, that's a big elephant.

0:37:300:37:37

This was an impressive bull, in the prime of life.

0:37:370:37:41

He should be in the reserve for the breeding season with the other bulls.

0:37:410:37:47

His death is extremely worrying, as it was only a few months ago

0:37:470:37:52

that Mungu, another huge bull, was illegally killed in the area.

0:37:520:37:57

I am a little concerned that there might be a local outbreak of poaching now.

0:37:570:38:02

We've got to be alert and when you get two

0:38:020:38:06

coming up in quick succession,

0:38:060:38:08

then you go into hyper alert and that's where we are right now.

0:38:080:38:12

It's quite disappointing we are losing these big males

0:38:130:38:17

at a very fast rate and sadly to poaching.

0:38:170:38:21

Losing the big bulls would be a disaster for the Samburu elephants.

0:38:250:38:29

The older, stronger males are the ones the females prefer to mate with.

0:38:290:38:34

The team will need to take action.

0:38:340:38:36

David has been joined by Dr Stephen Chege, a vet from the Kenya Wildlife Service.

0:38:460:38:51

They're on their way to see Miro, the calf with the badly-injured leg.

0:38:520:38:57

Dr Chege needs to see if he can help her.

0:38:570:39:00

So, which is the baby you're talking about?

0:39:020:39:04

So, that's the baby, you see the big female, you see the baby just on the left?

0:39:040:39:10

Yeah, I can actually see the calf now.

0:39:100:39:13

Dr Chege's assessment isn't good.

0:39:130:39:15

-It could be a wire snare. Not very clear from here.

-Yeah.

0:39:150:39:17

But highly suspect that it could be a wire snare.

0:39:170:39:21

Wire snares are used for illegal game poaching, and cause terrible injuries.

0:39:210:39:27

They need to examine Miro, but they can't do this with her mother around.

0:39:270:39:32

Chagall will attack anyone who gets close to her baby.

0:39:320:39:35

It's a difficult dilemma.

0:39:350:39:37

It's a risky business.

0:39:370:39:38

What will happen if we do nothing?

0:39:380:39:41

If we do nothing and it's a wire snare,

0:39:410:39:44

-it will end up losing that part of the limb.

-So it will die?

0:39:440:39:48

It will certainly die.

0:39:480:39:49

The team will have to anesthetise the calf and her mother. It's a huge risk.

0:39:490:39:56

We have to be careful of the female falling on the calf.

0:39:560:39:59

One way, the baby could die with the mama falling on it,

0:39:590:40:04

the other way, the baby's dead for sure.

0:40:040:40:07

So it's a risk that has to be taken.

0:40:070:40:10

The team have never carried out such a difficult operation.

0:40:170:40:21

But for Miro it's a matter of life or death and to save this elephant, it's a chance the team have to take.

0:40:210:40:27

Where are you guys?

0:40:320:40:34

-RADIO: Just come along the middle, we are coming to get you there.

-OK.

0:40:340:40:38

David is in charge of the operation and team tactics will be crucial.

0:40:380:40:43

So, David...I can see the calf.

0:40:520:40:54

They've spotted Miro and her mother Chagall, who have joined some other elephants.

0:40:560:41:01

We can stop here now, David.

0:41:010:41:03

Let's just stop there.

0:41:030:41:05

This is the target.

0:41:080:41:09

HE FIRES

0:41:100:41:11

ELEPHANT GROANS

0:41:110:41:13

Tell everyone animal darted, keep watch.

0:41:130:41:16

The elephants sense something's happened and start running.

0:41:160:41:20

We should actually stop here.

0:41:200:41:22

She's leaving, she's leaving.

0:41:250:41:27

The team must split the other elephants away from Chagall.

0:41:340:41:38

ELEPHANT ROARS

0:41:380:41:41

She's going to go on her chest.

0:41:440:41:46

But there's an unexpected problem.

0:41:460:41:49

Chagall looks like she's going to fall on her chest -

0:41:490:41:51

an awkward position that could restrict her breathing.

0:41:510:41:54

I need help now...

0:41:540:41:56

Even worse, Miro is right next to her and could be crushed when she goes down.

0:41:570:42:03

They try desperately to pull Miro away from her mother.

0:42:030:42:07

Let's try to push her mama!

0:42:070:42:09

Now everyone rushes in to help.

0:42:090:42:11

I want two people, to be the calf, OK, everyone, help. Let's be the calf.

0:42:110:42:18

More people, can you be there?

0:42:200:42:24

There's not enough manpower to push over three tonnes of elephant.

0:42:280:42:32

Chagall's breathing could stop in minutes and now she's the one that needs urgent help.

0:42:320:42:37

Using a car and tow ropes is their best chance.

0:42:500:42:53

The ropes have broken.

0:43:010:43:04

The situation is now critical.

0:43:040:43:06

Back at the river, bull elephant Rommel has got problems.

0:43:150:43:19

Mohican, the female in season, is following a bull, but it's not Rommel.

0:43:230:43:29

He isn't far behind but something's gone badly wrong.

0:43:300:43:35

Overnight, Rommel has lost one of his tusks.

0:43:380:43:41

He could have been fighting and maybe lost because it's his rival, Kofi, who's got Mohican's attention.

0:43:430:43:51

Breaking a tusk puts him at a serious disadvantage.

0:43:540:43:58

Rommel isn't one to give up but his competition is building.

0:43:580:44:02

THEY TRUMPET

0:44:020:44:04

The reserve is now full of bulls

0:44:090:44:12

and they're all throwing their weight around.

0:44:130:44:16

Ultimately though, it's Mohican who will decide which bull she wants to mate with.

0:44:270:44:32

Kofi tries a new technique,

0:44:390:44:41

acting casual and posing with his trunk over one tusk.

0:44:410:44:47

Maybe it's working.

0:44:530:44:55

Walking quickly away is a strategy to see if he'll follow.

0:44:550:44:59

And Kofi is taking the initiative.

0:44:590:45:01

Rommel's got the biggest reputation in the reserve but he isn't making the moves.

0:45:170:45:23

With a broken tusk and added competition, his chances with Mohican seem to be slipping away.

0:45:230:45:30

Out on the plains, the team are in trouble.

0:45:380:45:41

They still need to treat baby Miro but first they must help Chagall, before her breathing stops.

0:45:440:45:50

THEY CHATTER

0:45:520:45:53

Some quick thinking is needed

0:45:560:45:58

and Iain's years of field experience means he knows exactly what to do.

0:45:580:46:03

Together, they attach stronger ropes to provide maximum leverage.

0:46:060:46:10

It's got to be pulled that way.

0:46:150:46:17

Miro is kept away, so there's no chance of her getting crushed.

0:46:200:46:24

Iain reverses the car at exactly the right angle.

0:46:250:46:29

OK, let's just push,

0:46:290:46:30

push, push...push!

0:46:300:46:32

OK, push.

0:46:340:46:35

OK, fine. Well done, Iain, OK.

0:46:350:46:38

Chagall's breathing has stabilised

0:46:430:46:46

and water will stop her from overheating.

0:46:460:46:48

Miro has also been sedated and Dr Chege can examine her foot.

0:46:540:46:59

What, it's broken?

0:47:080:47:10

It's not a snare, her leg is broken.

0:47:100:47:13

I'll just get a syringe.

0:47:150:47:17

I wanted to confirm if there's pus, anything like that.

0:47:170:47:20

So what I'm doing is actually

0:47:200:47:23

putting in an antibiotic to prevent any further infection.

0:47:230:47:27

Infection in a fractured bone could be fatal.

0:47:270:47:31

The antibiotics should save her life.

0:47:310:47:35

In a young calf like this, it should heal very fast.

0:47:350:47:38

ELEPHANT GROANS

0:47:410:47:44

Miro is coming round.

0:47:530:47:55

But she's totally confused.

0:47:550:47:57

She heads for the nearest large object, thinking it could be her mother.

0:48:020:48:07

Chagall is given the antidote to her anaesthetic.

0:48:110:48:14

But Miro is heading off in the wrong direction.

0:48:170:48:20

This could be serious, a confused baby elephant could potentially run for miles.

0:48:200:48:25

Iain tries to stop her.

0:48:290:48:30

Chagall is up but she's walking away from her calf.

0:48:350:48:40

Iain has a solution.

0:48:400:48:43

What Iain is doing, he's trying to direct the calf to the mother, that's very good.

0:48:430:48:48

Baby elephants don't have fully-developed senses,

0:48:480:48:51

and Iain is tricking Miro into thinking that his car is another elephant.

0:48:510:48:56

That's good enough.

0:48:560:48:57

She just needs a final push in the right direction.

0:49:030:49:07

Thanks to some quick thinking by the team,

0:49:300:49:33

the operation has been a success.

0:49:330:49:36

David did an excellent job, tactically.

0:49:390:49:42

Always a risk involved, but one that paid off this time

0:49:420:49:47

and worth taking.

0:49:470:49:49

All our hearts was pumping, you know, just hoping this tiny calf,

0:49:490:49:54

you know, the mother would not just sit on her, but all went very well.

0:49:540:49:58

I feel very happy. They are all back in the wild, joined their family,

0:49:580:50:02

and they are happy as they could be.

0:50:020:50:05

This is a great team that can overcome many challenges in the field.

0:50:060:50:13

It's dawn in the reserve.

0:50:310:50:33

The team are all up early.

0:50:420:50:45

Onesmas is heading back to camp.

0:50:540:50:57

Saba is out looking for her favourite bull elephant.

0:51:050:51:08

Things are looking up for Rommel.

0:51:130:51:16

He's seen off the competition, including Kofi.

0:51:160:51:20

He now has Mohican all to himself.

0:51:240:51:27

He's timed his advances perfectly

0:51:300:51:33

because she's now probably at the peak of her oestrus.

0:51:330:51:37

Something is definitely in the air.

0:51:410:51:43

All the elephants are getting excited.

0:51:430:51:46

THEY TRUMPET

0:51:470:51:50

The courtship begins in earnest with Rommel closely following Mohican.

0:51:570:52:02

At first, she moves quickly away.

0:52:030:52:07

But she slows down and Rommel places his trunk on her back -

0:52:150:52:20

a signal for her to stand still.

0:52:200:52:23

Finally, Rommel gets his girl.

0:52:280:52:31

THEY TRUMPET

0:52:460:52:50

The whole herd are trumpeting and excited about the mating.

0:52:500:52:54

For Mohican, the difficult days of being pursued by bulls have paid off.

0:53:080:53:13

She's been mated by the biggest, toughest bull in the reserve

0:53:160:53:20

and in nearly two years' time, she may have a new baby.

0:53:200:53:24

Rommel has certainly impressed Mohican and the herd -

0:53:340:53:38

they're following him away.

0:53:380:53:41

Onesmas is back.

0:53:530:53:55

The co-ordinates of the poached bull show just how close he died

0:53:560:54:00

to Mungu, the other bull that was killed.

0:54:000:54:03

There you go.

0:54:030:54:04

3km.

0:54:050:54:06

This data will be passed to the Kenya Wildlife Service and could be vital

0:54:060:54:11

to tracking down the poachers.

0:54:110:54:13

A high chance that he was one of ours.

0:54:130:54:15

Yes, he's got to be one of the ones we know.

0:54:150:54:17

The sad deaths of these two mighty bulls shows how dangerous the areas

0:54:170:54:21

outside the reserve can be for elephants.

0:54:210:54:25

But the Samburu people who live here could be crucial to helping them.

0:54:250:54:30

The nomadic herders are often first to find dead elephants,

0:54:300:54:34

or hear if poachers are operating in the area.

0:54:340:54:38

The Samburu could be the ideal guardians of the elephants.

0:54:390:54:43

They believe elephants bring them real benefits.

0:54:430:54:46

They burn elephant dung to ward off evil spirits.

0:54:500:54:53

If these traditional values could be built on,

0:54:580:55:02

it could help protect all Samburu's elephants.

0:55:020:55:05

And there's no better place to start than the next generation.

0:55:060:55:11

Amazingly, many local children never get the chance

0:55:160:55:19

to see elephants in the wild.

0:55:190:55:22

They could be the next generation of rangers, vets and elephant researchers.

0:55:280:55:33

The team hope that if the people who share space with elephants

0:55:380:55:41

come to love and value them, they'll want to protect them in the future.

0:55:410:55:46

David is heading out to check up on Miro.

0:55:570:56:00

It's been two days since she was treated

0:56:070:56:10

and already she's looking better.

0:56:100:56:13

Miro's walking has improved and she's keeping up with Chagall.

0:56:160:56:21

With her mother's continuing protection,

0:56:270:56:29

she now has every chance of a full recovery.

0:56:290:56:33

The team believe that every elephant is important for the future.

0:56:550:56:59

In the past months, they've seen calves like Miro and Breeze make it through difficult times,

0:57:000:57:06

and there's new life to look forward to.

0:57:060:57:09

By using pioneering technology and following individual elephant stories,

0:57:150:57:20

the research team are making remarkable new discoveries.

0:57:200:57:25

They've witnessed love for a newborn baby...

0:57:260:57:29

..unprovoked violence,

0:57:300:57:33

lusty males

0:57:330:57:35

and heartbreaking grief.

0:57:350:57:37

All the emotion and intelligence that shows just how like us they really are.

0:57:380:57:45

My greatest hope for the elephants is that they will be allowed

0:57:470:57:51

to continue their way of life,

0:57:510:57:54

in harmony with man,

0:57:540:57:56

and that people will increasingly become delighted

0:57:560:58:02

by their knowledge of elephants,

0:58:020:58:04

appreciating this separate, intelligent, sensitive creature.

0:58:050:58:11

The Save the Elephants team will continue to watch their every move

0:58:160:58:20

and keep them safe.

0:58:200:58:22

Above all, they'll keep working to reveal the secret life of elephants.

0:58:220:58:28

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0:58:480:58:51

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0:58:510:58:54

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