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The Indian Ocean. | 0:00:07 | 0:00:09 | |
Home to the world's most exotic islands | 0:00:09 | 0:00:12 | |
and beautiful and rare wildlife. | 0:00:12 | 0:00:16 | |
I'm travelling through 16 countries around the edge of this vast ocean | 0:00:19 | 0:00:23 | |
that stretches 6,000 miles from Africa to Australia. | 0:00:23 | 0:00:27 | |
Steeped in history, the Indian Ocean is vital to world trade. | 0:00:29 | 0:00:34 | |
It's a journey of extremes, from stunning islands, | 0:00:36 | 0:00:40 | |
across pirate-infested seas, | 0:00:40 | 0:00:43 | |
to remote villages. | 0:00:43 | 0:00:47 | |
GUNFIRE | 0:00:48 | 0:00:50 | |
And war-torn lands. | 0:00:50 | 0:00:52 | |
What was that? | 0:00:52 | 0:00:54 | |
This is a journey about much more than just what's under the waves. | 0:01:05 | 0:01:08 | |
It's about the lives of the millions of people who live around this, | 0:01:09 | 0:01:15 | |
one of our greatest oceans. | 0:01:15 | 0:01:17 | |
This part of my journey will take me across the island of Sri Lanka | 0:01:20 | 0:01:24 | |
to India's east coast and on to Bangladesh. | 0:01:24 | 0:01:27 | |
I'll be finding out what our love of prawns is doing to our oceans. | 0:01:32 | 0:01:35 | |
I'm absolutely amazed by how few fish there are. | 0:01:35 | 0:01:38 | |
I'll be helping Indian villagers who are fighting to save our seas. | 0:01:39 | 0:01:43 | |
I don't think it's good to be the tallest person! | 0:01:43 | 0:01:46 | |
And in Bangladesh, I'll see the graveyard where ships go to die. | 0:01:49 | 0:01:53 | |
Giant ships, | 0:01:54 | 0:01:56 | |
with great huge chunks ripped off them. | 0:01:56 | 0:02:00 | |
I've only got a few more countries to visit on my journey, | 0:02:14 | 0:02:17 | |
but I've still got huge distances to travel, | 0:02:17 | 0:02:20 | |
and I'm starting this bit of my trip here on a beach on the island | 0:02:20 | 0:02:25 | |
they call "the Pearl of the Indian Ocean". | 0:02:25 | 0:02:27 | |
Sri Lanka is just half the size of England, but for centuries, | 0:02:29 | 0:02:34 | |
since before the time of Marco Polo, it's attracted | 0:02:34 | 0:02:36 | |
Indian Ocean travellers. | 0:02:36 | 0:02:39 | |
With my guide, Delon Weerasinghe, I've travelled to Galle, | 0:02:42 | 0:02:46 | |
formerly Sri Lanka's main port, and historically | 0:02:46 | 0:02:49 | |
the first point of entry for merchants who came here to trade. | 0:02:49 | 0:02:53 | |
There was one thing in particular that attracted | 0:02:55 | 0:02:58 | |
a lot of the travellers who came to Sri Lanka, | 0:02:58 | 0:03:02 | |
and Delon's taking me to see if we can buy some. | 0:03:02 | 0:03:05 | |
Look at this! | 0:03:05 | 0:03:06 | |
So that's cinnamon. | 0:03:06 | 0:03:08 | |
So this, | 0:03:08 | 0:03:10 | |
this is what drew travellers here from across the Indian Ocean? | 0:03:10 | 0:03:13 | |
And that's why it was, Sri Lanka was so prized | 0:03:13 | 0:03:16 | |
for the colonial powers came and, you know, took over Sri Lanka, | 0:03:16 | 0:03:20 | |
because this was the only place you could get this particular spice. | 0:03:20 | 0:03:23 | |
Cos the spice trade was so lucrative, | 0:03:23 | 0:03:26 | |
they could make so much money from it? | 0:03:26 | 0:03:27 | |
Absolutely, absolutely. | 0:03:27 | 0:03:29 | |
Even now, 80% of the world's cinnamon | 0:03:29 | 0:03:31 | |
actually comes from Sri Lanka. | 0:03:31 | 0:03:32 | |
-So this is the best stuff? -This is. -From the place that it comes from? | 0:03:32 | 0:03:36 | |
Yeah. | 0:03:36 | 0:03:37 | |
'500 years ago, the spice trade drove European exploration | 0:03:37 | 0:03:40 | |
'of the Indian Ocean. | 0:03:40 | 0:03:41 | |
'The Portuguese, the Dutch and the British all colonised Sri Lanka | 0:03:41 | 0:03:45 | |
'and fought wars to control the spice trade.' | 0:03:45 | 0:03:47 | |
The best sticks are the ones that are most tightly packed, | 0:03:47 | 0:03:51 | |
-so this is actually... -I knew you would know! | 0:03:51 | 0:03:53 | |
This is, this is kind of the bark but it's actually packed with little shavings of bark strippings | 0:03:53 | 0:03:57 | |
-that they take from the cinnamon as they peel it. -Right. | 0:03:57 | 0:04:01 | |
And that's what actually makes Sri Lankan cinnamon quite unique, | 0:04:01 | 0:04:04 | |
when you look at it. | 0:04:04 | 0:04:06 | |
I'll just have just two sticks, let's put that one back. | 0:04:06 | 0:04:10 | |
We take spices for granted now, but just imagine | 0:04:10 | 0:04:13 | |
how it would have transformed the bland European diet. | 0:04:13 | 0:04:16 | |
Mmm, I'm looking forward to this. | 0:04:17 | 0:04:19 | |
I'll grind it up, and put it on my porridge. | 0:04:19 | 0:04:22 | |
Today, of course, you don't have to travel to Sri Lanka to get cinnamon, | 0:04:22 | 0:04:26 | |
but the country's still attracting the attention of foreign powers. | 0:04:26 | 0:04:30 | |
We're going to get a train around the coast, and guess what? | 0:04:32 | 0:04:34 | |
We're late! | 0:04:34 | 0:04:36 | |
Here we go, is that a...? | 0:04:39 | 0:04:41 | |
-This one looks all right, yeah. -Here we go. | 0:04:41 | 0:04:43 | |
-Yeah, this one? -Let's get in this one, yeah. | 0:04:43 | 0:04:46 | |
-This way? -Through here. | 0:04:46 | 0:04:47 | |
'Sri Lanka's railways were originally built by the British | 0:04:47 | 0:04:50 | |
'to transport tea. | 0:04:50 | 0:04:52 | |
'The country became independent from Britain in 1948.' | 0:04:52 | 0:04:56 | |
TRAIN WHISTLE BLARES | 0:05:04 | 0:05:06 | |
He likes using the old whistle, eh? | 0:05:06 | 0:05:07 | |
People like to walk along the train track, | 0:05:07 | 0:05:09 | |
so this is one way of letting them know the train is coming. | 0:05:09 | 0:05:12 | |
WHISTLE BLARES | 0:05:12 | 0:05:13 | |
Today, there's a new superpower showing an interest in Sri Lanka. | 0:05:19 | 0:05:22 | |
We headed along the island's southern coast | 0:05:24 | 0:05:27 | |
to a new port called Hambantota. | 0:05:27 | 0:05:29 | |
Oh, I'm lacking a platform. | 0:05:32 | 0:05:34 | |
-All right? -Yeah. | 0:05:37 | 0:05:38 | |
So, just over the horizon there is one of the most important | 0:05:43 | 0:05:46 | |
shipping lanes in the Indian Ocean, | 0:05:46 | 0:05:48 | |
one of the big east-west lanes that takes tens of thousands of ships | 0:05:48 | 0:05:53 | |
across the sea every year, including something like 4,500 oil tankers. | 0:05:53 | 0:05:58 | |
Much of the crucial oil is heading for China, | 0:05:59 | 0:06:01 | |
along Indian Ocean shipping lanes | 0:06:01 | 0:06:03 | |
that carry vast quantities of world trade. | 0:06:03 | 0:06:07 | |
Their proximity to Sri Lanka makes the island strategically vital. | 0:06:07 | 0:06:10 | |
China is flexing its muscles in the Indian Ocean, | 0:06:11 | 0:06:14 | |
and, controversially, it's financing an enormous new port here | 0:06:14 | 0:06:18 | |
that may one day host Chinese naval ships. | 0:06:18 | 0:06:19 | |
I think standing up here you really do get a sense | 0:06:22 | 0:06:24 | |
of the scale of the project, of the ambition of it, | 0:06:24 | 0:06:27 | |
because the ship over there, a couple of miles away, | 0:06:27 | 0:06:30 | |
that's near the entrance to the harbour, and the plan is for | 0:06:30 | 0:06:34 | |
the harbour to extend almost all the way up to where we're standing now. | 0:06:34 | 0:06:39 | |
We're talking about something that's the size of a town, | 0:06:39 | 0:06:43 | |
that is going to be carved out of southern Sri Lanka. | 0:06:43 | 0:06:47 | |
And if all goes to plan, this will become not just one of | 0:06:47 | 0:06:51 | |
the largest ports in South Asia, | 0:06:51 | 0:06:54 | |
but one of the largest in the whole world. | 0:06:54 | 0:06:56 | |
This is just one of a series of vast port projects around | 0:06:56 | 0:07:00 | |
the Indian Ocean that mark a major Chinese expansion into the region. | 0:07:00 | 0:07:05 | |
Chinese investment has contributed to Sri Lanka | 0:07:06 | 0:07:08 | |
having one of the fastest growing economies in Asia in recent years. | 0:07:08 | 0:07:13 | |
But the boom here comes at a price. | 0:07:14 | 0:07:16 | |
Sri Lanka is home to a unique type of elephant. | 0:07:22 | 0:07:24 | |
There's only a few thousand left and they're now endangered. | 0:07:24 | 0:07:27 | |
Across the island, the elephants' habitat is being taken over | 0:07:27 | 0:07:31 | |
by people who want to use land for industry or farming. | 0:07:31 | 0:07:35 | |
It's an issue affecting wildlife around the Indian Ocean. | 0:07:37 | 0:07:40 | |
I went to visit the elephant transit home, which looks after | 0:07:40 | 0:07:42 | |
elephants orphaned or injured by humans. | 0:07:42 | 0:07:46 | |
ELEPHANT TRUMPETS | 0:07:47 | 0:07:50 | |
That is a demanding toddler! | 0:07:53 | 0:07:55 | |
I arrive just in time for lunch. | 0:07:59 | 0:08:01 | |
Here comes another one racing in for food! | 0:08:01 | 0:08:04 | |
There are several dozen elephants here, and even a youngster | 0:08:04 | 0:08:07 | |
can drink more than 40 pints of milk a day. | 0:08:07 | 0:08:10 | |
ELEPHANT TRUMPETS | 0:08:10 | 0:08:12 | |
'Deepani Jayantha, from the UK charity the Born Free Foundation, | 0:08:14 | 0:08:19 | |
'took me to see a new arrival.' | 0:08:19 | 0:08:21 | |
Hello. | 0:08:23 | 0:08:25 | |
Oh, this is Namal. | 0:08:25 | 0:08:27 | |
Look at its back leg. | 0:08:27 | 0:08:28 | |
So, found trapped. | 0:08:28 | 0:08:30 | |
-Trapped? -Yeah. | 0:08:30 | 0:08:32 | |
He was caught in, literally in a trap or a snare, | 0:08:32 | 0:08:34 | |
-something like that? -A snare, yes, yeah. | 0:08:34 | 0:08:37 | |
-Usually these snares are set for the bush meat. -Right. | 0:08:37 | 0:08:40 | |
And it's sad that little elephants get trapped. | 0:08:40 | 0:08:43 | |
So, people will try and set little traps to catch, | 0:08:44 | 0:08:48 | |
-I don't know, small deer or something... -Yeah. | 0:08:48 | 0:08:51 | |
-..to put food on the table. -Yeah, wild boar. | 0:08:51 | 0:08:54 | |
But in this case, look what's happened to this little ellie. | 0:08:54 | 0:08:56 | |
That is the cost of the human-elephant conflict here, unfortunately. | 0:08:56 | 0:09:00 | |
'As the human population around the Indian Ocean rises dramatically, | 0:09:00 | 0:09:04 | |
'wildlife numbers are plummeting. | 0:09:04 | 0:09:06 | |
'200 elephants are killed in Sri Lanka every year by humans, | 0:09:06 | 0:09:09 | |
'but this project treats elephants | 0:09:09 | 0:09:12 | |
'and returns them to a protected area.' | 0:09:12 | 0:09:14 | |
ELEPHANT PURRS | 0:09:14 | 0:09:15 | |
Now, what was that noise? | 0:09:15 | 0:09:17 | |
I think he likes the company. | 0:09:17 | 0:09:19 | |
He knows that he's got attention, | 0:09:19 | 0:09:22 | |
so I think that's communication, saying hello. | 0:09:22 | 0:09:27 | |
Yeah. | 0:09:27 | 0:09:29 | |
ELEPHANT PURRS | 0:09:29 | 0:09:31 | |
SHE PURRS | 0:09:31 | 0:09:34 | |
ELEPHANT PURRS | 0:09:37 | 0:09:39 | |
You're talking with him, does that work? | 0:09:39 | 0:09:41 | |
Sometimes! | 0:09:41 | 0:09:43 | |
SHE PURRS | 0:09:47 | 0:09:49 | |
I'm not even sure where that's coming from, rrrrr, rrrrr! | 0:09:49 | 0:09:53 | |
It doesn't sound quite the same. | 0:09:53 | 0:09:54 | |
I'm going to try my own version in my own dialect, OK? | 0:09:54 | 0:09:58 | |
Rrrrrrrrrr. | 0:09:58 | 0:10:00 | |
Go more guttural. | 0:10:00 | 0:10:01 | |
Rrrrrrrrr, Namal! | 0:10:01 | 0:10:06 | |
I think a chocolate biscuit might work rather better. Namal! | 0:10:06 | 0:10:09 | |
Despite Namal's injury, | 0:10:11 | 0:10:13 | |
the hope is that one day, like all the elephants here, | 0:10:13 | 0:10:16 | |
he'll be well enough to be released back into a national park. | 0:10:16 | 0:10:21 | |
ENGINE STARTS | 0:10:21 | 0:10:23 | |
Until recently, Sri Lanka was gripped by a savage civil war. | 0:10:26 | 0:10:30 | |
The conflict was particularly severe in the far north of the island, | 0:10:30 | 0:10:33 | |
which has been off limits to foreign visitors for years, | 0:10:33 | 0:10:36 | |
and is still difficult to reach. | 0:10:36 | 0:10:38 | |
I headed to the city of Jaffna. | 0:10:38 | 0:10:40 | |
The civil war was fought between the Sri Lankan government | 0:10:44 | 0:10:47 | |
and militant group known as the Tamil Tigers, | 0:10:47 | 0:10:50 | |
who wanted the creation of a separate state | 0:10:50 | 0:10:53 | |
in the north and east of Sri Lanka. | 0:10:53 | 0:10:55 | |
We've arrived, it's late, it's dark, so we're going to head to a hotel | 0:11:00 | 0:11:05 | |
and then, tomorrow, we'll have a look around the north. | 0:11:05 | 0:11:09 | |
The weather is, it's very disappointing. | 0:11:25 | 0:11:28 | |
Yeah, if only we could have English weather! | 0:11:28 | 0:11:31 | |
-Oi! -Sorry about that! | 0:11:31 | 0:11:33 | |
Less of that, less of that! | 0:11:33 | 0:11:36 | |
If we had English weather, we'd just have a nice, light drizzle. | 0:11:36 | 0:11:39 | |
We can't let a bit of rain stop us, we need to see Jaffna. | 0:11:39 | 0:11:42 | |
Most people in Jaffna are Tamils, who are mainly Hindus. | 0:11:44 | 0:11:47 | |
They form around 10% of the population of Sri Lanka | 0:11:47 | 0:11:51 | |
and have endured decades of discrimination | 0:11:51 | 0:11:53 | |
at the hands of the majority Buddhist Sinhalese population. | 0:11:53 | 0:11:57 | |
Increasing tensions between the two groups led to riots | 0:12:01 | 0:12:04 | |
and the outbreak of civil war in 1983. | 0:12:04 | 0:12:07 | |
During the conflict, both the Tamil Tigers and the Sri Lankan government | 0:12:08 | 0:12:12 | |
committed appalling atrocities. | 0:12:12 | 0:12:15 | |
The war claimed up to 100,000 lives, | 0:12:15 | 0:12:18 | |
and ended with the violent defeat of the Tamil Tigers in 2009. | 0:12:18 | 0:12:23 | |
Look at what has happened to the buildings. | 0:12:25 | 0:12:27 | |
They're just covered in dozens of bullet holes. | 0:12:27 | 0:12:31 | |
Pockmarked. | 0:12:31 | 0:12:32 | |
The roof on most of this is completely gone. | 0:12:32 | 0:12:35 | |
'Even schools in villages around Jaffna were bombed. | 0:12:35 | 0:12:38 | |
'Locals here are still living amid ruins. | 0:12:38 | 0:12:41 | |
'Ameneka from Save The Children took me to a makeshift school.' | 0:12:41 | 0:12:46 | |
Oh, look at where they're studying at the moment! | 0:12:46 | 0:12:48 | |
Good morning! | 0:12:48 | 0:12:50 | |
Good morning, sir! | 0:12:52 | 0:12:54 | |
Good morning! Vanakkam! | 0:12:54 | 0:12:57 | |
A cuter sight it would be hard to find on Planet Earth! | 0:12:58 | 0:13:01 | |
'But the curriculum here is dominated by the legacy of | 0:13:03 | 0:13:05 | |
'the island's violent recent history.' | 0:13:05 | 0:13:09 | |
I joined the children for a lesson they have twice every day. | 0:13:13 | 0:13:17 | |
Can we ask all of you, have any of you discovered any landmines | 0:13:44 | 0:13:47 | |
or anything that looks like a bomb | 0:13:47 | 0:13:49 | |
and you've had to alert your teachers or the authorities? | 0:13:49 | 0:13:52 | |
He found one of these? Good God! | 0:14:06 | 0:14:10 | |
And do you know what it is? | 0:14:10 | 0:14:12 | |
-Shell. -Shell. | 0:14:12 | 0:14:14 | |
Shell? Artillery shell, | 0:14:16 | 0:14:18 | |
because it's got the size next to it, 64 inches. | 0:14:18 | 0:14:22 | |
I mean, it's a whopper of a weapon. | 0:14:22 | 0:14:26 | |
So, did you, did you pick it up, did you touch it at all? | 0:14:26 | 0:14:29 | |
No? Cos you knew not to, didn't you? | 0:14:29 | 0:14:33 | |
Thanks to the teachers at the school. | 0:14:33 | 0:14:35 | |
I think as much as anything that really brings home to me just, | 0:14:35 | 0:14:39 | |
just what's happened in this country, | 0:14:39 | 0:14:42 | |
just what's happened in this, in this region. | 0:14:42 | 0:14:44 | |
Imagine if British children had to be told every single day | 0:14:44 | 0:14:50 | |
about the dangers of landmines | 0:14:50 | 0:14:52 | |
and about the risks of them having a leg or an arm blown off. | 0:14:52 | 0:14:57 | |
It's almost impossible to, to contemplate. | 0:15:00 | 0:15:03 | |
Landmines and bombs are slowly being cleared away, | 0:15:06 | 0:15:09 | |
but there's clearly an urgent need to reconstruct homes and buildings. | 0:15:09 | 0:15:12 | |
It's now really bucketing down, | 0:15:16 | 0:15:18 | |
and this is why they need a proper school. | 0:15:18 | 0:15:22 | |
You can't have lessons outside in this sort of weather. | 0:15:22 | 0:15:25 | |
Save The Children is helping to rebuild this area of Sri Lanka, | 0:15:30 | 0:15:33 | |
and new schools are a priority. | 0:15:33 | 0:15:35 | |
The war's ended and reconstruction is under way, but there are | 0:15:39 | 0:15:42 | |
still many unanswered questions about how the Sri Lankan government | 0:15:42 | 0:15:45 | |
crushed the Tamil Tigers in 2009. | 0:15:45 | 0:15:47 | |
Helped by Chinese military aid, | 0:15:50 | 0:15:52 | |
and shielded by Chinese support at the United Nations, | 0:15:52 | 0:15:56 | |
it seems clear government troops committed serious war crimes, | 0:15:56 | 0:16:00 | |
including targeting civilians. | 0:16:00 | 0:16:03 | |
It's something the Sri Lankan government denies. | 0:16:03 | 0:16:06 | |
But this has become a dangerous place to ask questions | 0:16:11 | 0:16:14 | |
or criticise the country's leadership. | 0:16:14 | 0:16:17 | |
As I prepared to leave the island | 0:16:17 | 0:16:19 | |
and continue my Indian Ocean journey, | 0:16:19 | 0:16:22 | |
I passed through the capital city, Colombo, | 0:16:22 | 0:16:24 | |
and visited the offices of a campaigning newspaper called | 0:16:24 | 0:16:27 | |
The Sunday Leader. | 0:16:27 | 0:16:28 | |
We've been attacked nine to ten times. | 0:16:31 | 0:16:34 | |
We had a group of about 25, 30 armed people coming in vehicles, | 0:16:34 | 0:16:39 | |
forcing themselves in. | 0:16:39 | 0:16:42 | |
They got the security | 0:16:42 | 0:16:43 | |
and the staff who were printing to kneel down at gunpoint. | 0:16:43 | 0:16:47 | |
They brought gasoline, poured it around the machine | 0:16:47 | 0:16:51 | |
and set fire to it, and asked them not to move. | 0:16:51 | 0:16:54 | |
So they burnt your printing presses? | 0:16:54 | 0:16:56 | |
They did. | 0:16:56 | 0:16:58 | |
'Lal Wickrematunge is the outspoken managing editor of The Sunday Leader, | 0:16:58 | 0:17:02 | |
'which regularly criticises government politicians.' | 0:17:02 | 0:17:06 | |
He and his staff have suffered threats, attacks and beatings. | 0:17:06 | 0:17:10 | |
They blame the government for their harassment. | 0:17:10 | 0:17:13 | |
In January 2009, in the final stages of the civil war, | 0:17:13 | 0:17:17 | |
Lal's brother, Lasantha, the founding editor of the paper, | 0:17:17 | 0:17:21 | |
paid the ultimate price for speaking out. | 0:17:21 | 0:17:23 | |
He was killed not far from here when motorcyclists, | 0:17:24 | 0:17:29 | |
in total black outfits with black helmets, | 0:17:29 | 0:17:37 | |
waylaid him and shot him. | 0:17:37 | 0:17:41 | |
He was assassinated, he was murdered? | 0:17:43 | 0:17:44 | |
He was, he was murdered. | 0:17:44 | 0:17:46 | |
'Just a few days before he was killed, Lasantha wrote an article | 0:17:48 | 0:17:51 | |
'in which he predicted his own death.' | 0:17:51 | 0:17:53 | |
It starts with the headline "And Then They Came For Me", | 0:17:56 | 0:17:59 | |
and it says, "In the course of the past few years | 0:17:59 | 0:18:02 | |
"the independent media have increasingly come under attack. | 0:18:02 | 0:18:07 | |
"Countless journalists have been harassed, threatened and killed. | 0:18:07 | 0:18:10 | |
"When finally I am killed, it will be the government that kills me." | 0:18:10 | 0:18:15 | |
And that was the last article he wrote? | 0:18:17 | 0:18:19 | |
Yeah. | 0:18:22 | 0:18:23 | |
It's an extraordinary piece of writing. | 0:18:23 | 0:18:26 | |
Do you feel that your life is, is threatened? | 0:18:26 | 0:18:30 | |
The death threats have kept coming, despite Lasantha's death. | 0:18:30 | 0:18:34 | |
In fact, the last one was just nearly two weeks ago. | 0:18:35 | 0:18:41 | |
Really? | 0:18:41 | 0:18:42 | |
When the current editor was sent a death threat. | 0:18:42 | 0:18:47 | |
Why are you still going on, why are you still publishing the paper, | 0:18:47 | 0:18:52 | |
let alone the articles, what keeps you going? | 0:18:52 | 0:18:55 | |
Well, that was what we set out to do, | 0:18:57 | 0:19:00 | |
and if we don't do that, Lasantha laid down his life for no purpose. | 0:19:00 | 0:19:05 | |
At least 16 reporters have been killed in Sri Lanka in recent years. | 0:19:09 | 0:19:13 | |
The government denies any involvement, | 0:19:16 | 0:19:18 | |
but Sri Lanka remains one of the world's most dangerous places | 0:19:18 | 0:19:21 | |
to be a journalist. | 0:19:21 | 0:19:24 | |
It was time for me to leave the island and head on. | 0:19:27 | 0:19:30 | |
My next stop was the Indian state of Orissa | 0:19:36 | 0:19:38 | |
on the east coast of the country. | 0:19:38 | 0:19:40 | |
WHISTLE BLARES | 0:19:44 | 0:19:45 | |
My guide to this chaotic part of India was Abhra Bhattacharya, | 0:19:57 | 0:20:00 | |
an old friend from previous visits. | 0:20:00 | 0:20:03 | |
The State of Orissa is one of the poorest in the country, | 0:20:03 | 0:20:08 | |
so there are millions, tens of millions | 0:20:08 | 0:20:12 | |
of people here who make their living from farming and from fishing. | 0:20:12 | 0:20:17 | |
'And most of them seem to be on the same road as our car.' | 0:20:17 | 0:20:20 | |
Whoa, look, there's cars coming the wrong way down the road! | 0:20:20 | 0:20:24 | |
Get off the road! It's a dual carriageway going that way! | 0:20:24 | 0:20:27 | |
There are law-abiding citizens of India driving in the correct manner | 0:20:29 | 0:20:34 | |
that way, on the other side of the road, and there are numpty muppets | 0:20:34 | 0:20:37 | |
driving giant trucks directly at our vehicle on our side of the road. | 0:20:37 | 0:20:43 | |
Whoa! | 0:20:43 | 0:20:44 | |
The truck coming at us, and a van coming, | 0:20:44 | 0:20:47 | |
and then the blue truck coming the wrong way down the road! | 0:20:47 | 0:20:50 | |
Abhra, what on earth is going on here? | 0:20:50 | 0:20:52 | |
The road is new in this part of India, | 0:20:52 | 0:20:54 | |
they don't know how to use it yet. | 0:20:54 | 0:20:57 | |
I think it might be because people here believe in reincarnation, you know. | 0:20:57 | 0:21:00 | |
They're not that worried about ending their lives | 0:21:00 | 0:21:03 | |
in a fiery mess on the motorway. | 0:21:03 | 0:21:05 | |
I'm bloody worried about it! | 0:21:07 | 0:21:08 | |
We were aiming for a fishing port called Astaranga, | 0:21:15 | 0:21:17 | |
to head out into the Indian Ocean. | 0:21:17 | 0:21:20 | |
'It was a long journey, and once we were off the motorway...' | 0:21:20 | 0:21:23 | |
-Here? -Here. | 0:21:23 | 0:21:25 | |
'It was time for a pit stop to soothe nerves after a traumatic drive.' | 0:21:25 | 0:21:28 | |
Abhra, this isn't quite what | 0:21:28 | 0:21:31 | |
I had in mind when I said about going for a drink. | 0:21:31 | 0:21:35 | |
I'm getting you fresh drink right from the trees. | 0:21:35 | 0:21:39 | |
What's going on here? What's he doing? | 0:21:39 | 0:21:41 | |
Well, he's sharpening his sickle. | 0:21:41 | 0:21:43 | |
Who is this gentleman, what does he do? | 0:21:45 | 0:21:48 | |
He actually gets the drink for everyone. | 0:21:48 | 0:21:50 | |
What is his curious little get-up here? | 0:21:50 | 0:21:52 | |
I just grabbed it, I'm very sorry, I'll put it back! | 0:21:54 | 0:21:58 | |
What's these pots there, what has he got? | 0:22:00 | 0:22:02 | |
That's the drink, that's the only source of alcoholic drink | 0:22:02 | 0:22:06 | |
the villagers have around here. | 0:22:06 | 0:22:08 | |
-An alcoholic drink? -Yeah. | 0:22:08 | 0:22:10 | |
That is, that is somehow obtained from the trees here? | 0:22:10 | 0:22:13 | |
Yeah. | 0:22:13 | 0:22:15 | |
Oh, dear, I just saw up his shorts! | 0:22:17 | 0:22:20 | |
Don't look, dear viewer, don't look! | 0:22:21 | 0:22:23 | |
What exactly are you doing? | 0:22:23 | 0:22:26 | |
Do you see what happens is they are chopping off | 0:22:29 | 0:22:33 | |
the upper layer of the bark | 0:22:33 | 0:22:34 | |
of the tree, and they make small channels. | 0:22:34 | 0:22:38 | |
So they tap the tree? OK. | 0:22:38 | 0:22:40 | |
They tap the tree, and when it's in the sun throughout the day | 0:22:40 | 0:22:44 | |
-it gets fermented. -It ferments! | 0:22:44 | 0:22:45 | |
'Once filtered of all the bugs that have collected in it during the day | 0:22:45 | 0:22:50 | |
'I was assured coconut toddy makes a delicious drink.' | 0:22:50 | 0:22:53 | |
Oh, my goodness! Let's give it a go. | 0:22:53 | 0:22:56 | |
Mmm. That's not bad, it's very good in fact. | 0:22:59 | 0:23:04 | |
Sweet, lightly alcoholic, I can taste. | 0:23:04 | 0:23:07 | |
Go on, Abhra, try some. That's good, cheers, mate. | 0:23:10 | 0:23:13 | |
-It's really good. -It's really fresh. | 0:23:14 | 0:23:16 | |
Oh, drink it all, yes! | 0:23:16 | 0:23:19 | |
What is it about blokes and alcohol, eh? Argh, yeah! | 0:23:23 | 0:23:26 | |
Cheers there, Captain! Drink your own drink, yeah! | 0:23:26 | 0:23:31 | |
Very memorable, Abhra, and it's fantastic to see you again, mate. | 0:23:35 | 0:23:39 | |
After just a few more hours driving, we finally arrived | 0:23:48 | 0:23:51 | |
at the fishing port. | 0:23:51 | 0:23:53 | |
Hit by the smell of fish. | 0:23:55 | 0:23:57 | |
Slapped round the face by it! | 0:24:00 | 0:24:02 | |
'India is the world's second largest producer of seafood, | 0:24:02 | 0:24:05 | |
'but these fish are just | 0:24:05 | 0:24:07 | |
'a by-product of the main business here.' | 0:24:07 | 0:24:09 | |
-This is our boat. -Which one? -This one. | 0:24:09 | 0:24:12 | |
'I was heading out with men who catch | 0:24:12 | 0:24:15 | |
'one of the most lucrative seafoods in the Indian Ocean. | 0:24:15 | 0:24:18 | |
'Prawns.' | 0:24:18 | 0:24:19 | |
Namaste, Captain. | 0:24:19 | 0:24:20 | |
They're trying to manoeuvre the boat from this cramped bay! | 0:24:29 | 0:24:33 | |
Out to sea! | 0:24:33 | 0:24:34 | |
There are at least 30,000 trawlers like this | 0:24:40 | 0:24:43 | |
up and down the Indian coastline. | 0:24:43 | 0:24:45 | |
India is actually one of the biggest suppliers of prawns | 0:24:45 | 0:24:47 | |
to British supermarkets. | 0:24:47 | 0:24:49 | |
Prawns used to be something of a luxury in Britain, | 0:24:49 | 0:24:52 | |
but a huge increase in prawn fishing here is one reason | 0:24:52 | 0:24:56 | |
prawns are now just a few pounds for a bag. | 0:24:56 | 0:24:59 | |
So how, Kilesh, how deep has the net gone now? | 0:24:59 | 0:25:02 | |
TRANSLATION: It's hit the bottom now. 100 feet down. | 0:25:04 | 0:25:07 | |
So, the net's now 100 foot down, 30 metres below, | 0:25:08 | 0:25:11 | |
and it's basically being pulled along the bottom of the seabed, | 0:25:11 | 0:25:15 | |
being dragged along by the sheer power of this, of this boat. | 0:25:15 | 0:25:21 | |
Can we have a look around the boat? | 0:25:23 | 0:25:25 | |
Come on, come and show us the boat. | 0:25:25 | 0:25:27 | |
TRANSLATION: This room is for the crew. | 0:25:30 | 0:25:32 | |
So this is where the guys sleep? | 0:25:32 | 0:25:34 | |
It's a very tiny little space, | 0:25:34 | 0:25:37 | |
and actually is this actually bunk beds, then? | 0:25:37 | 0:25:39 | |
So one person there and another person there? | 0:25:39 | 0:25:41 | |
TRANSLATION: Five people sleep here. | 0:25:41 | 0:25:43 | |
Five guys can sleep in here? | 0:25:45 | 0:25:48 | |
Whoa! That's a bit... | 0:25:48 | 0:25:51 | |
That's a bit tight, like this! | 0:25:51 | 0:25:54 | |
It's a bit cosy in there! | 0:25:54 | 0:25:56 | |
When you go out, what's your prize catch? | 0:25:56 | 0:25:58 | |
TRANSLATION: Prawns are the most expensive. | 0:26:00 | 0:26:02 | |
We get the best price for them. | 0:26:02 | 0:26:04 | |
The others are cheap and sell for a lower price. | 0:26:08 | 0:26:11 | |
So, you're mainly after the prawns but you'll bring up a lot of other stuff as well? | 0:26:11 | 0:26:15 | |
Ah-ha. | 0:26:15 | 0:26:16 | |
Like other trawlers, they use a fine mesh net on this boat | 0:26:17 | 0:26:21 | |
to catch prawns, with devastating consequences. | 0:26:21 | 0:26:23 | |
The nets will just take everything. | 0:26:25 | 0:26:27 | |
Yeah, of course, it'll be shrimps, | 0:26:27 | 0:26:29 | |
but there'll be an extraordinary amount of by-catch. | 0:26:29 | 0:26:33 | |
Now, the by-catch is a crucial issue in the Indian Ocean, | 0:26:33 | 0:26:35 | |
and around our seas globally. | 0:26:35 | 0:26:37 | |
By-catch is the other sea life that is brought up in the nets | 0:26:39 | 0:26:42 | |
along with the targeted catch. | 0:26:42 | 0:26:44 | |
Prawn fishing is responsible | 0:26:44 | 0:26:46 | |
for a third of the world's discarded by-catch. | 0:26:46 | 0:26:49 | |
That's tens of millions of tonnes of marine life | 0:26:49 | 0:26:52 | |
being caught unnecessarily each year, | 0:26:52 | 0:26:55 | |
most of which is just thrown away, dead. | 0:26:55 | 0:26:57 | |
After more than an hour of trawling, it was time to haul in the catch. | 0:26:58 | 0:27:03 | |
You've got these giant barn doors here which hold the net open | 0:27:03 | 0:27:07 | |
when it's underwater. | 0:27:07 | 0:27:10 | |
They're pulling those in and the net can't be far behind. | 0:27:10 | 0:27:13 | |
Dragging huge, heavy fishing nets for miles and miles along the seabed | 0:27:17 | 0:27:23 | |
also causes staggering damage to the marine environment. | 0:27:23 | 0:27:25 | |
Flipping 'eck, there's hardly anything in it! | 0:27:32 | 0:27:34 | |
But I found this the real shocker. | 0:27:40 | 0:27:42 | |
After years of being criss-crossed by thousands of trawlers, | 0:27:42 | 0:27:45 | |
these waters were almost empty of life. | 0:27:45 | 0:27:48 | |
For decades, bottom trawling nets | 0:27:48 | 0:27:50 | |
have scraped along the seabed off India, | 0:27:50 | 0:27:52 | |
fishing the seas to death. | 0:27:52 | 0:27:55 | |
The fine nets catch even tiny, juvenile fish which haven't had | 0:27:55 | 0:27:59 | |
a chance to breed, so fish stocks never have a chance to recover. | 0:27:59 | 0:28:03 | |
Abhra, does the amount of fish here surprise you? | 0:28:03 | 0:28:05 | |
Definitely surprises me, of course. | 0:28:05 | 0:28:07 | |
Why? | 0:28:07 | 0:28:08 | |
We were near the breeding area, | 0:28:08 | 0:28:10 | |
we should have got much more than what we got. | 0:28:10 | 0:28:13 | |
You can see a few of the prize shrimp in there, | 0:28:13 | 0:28:17 | |
this is what they've really been after. | 0:28:17 | 0:28:20 | |
'There's such a demand for prawns from the richer parts of the world, | 0:28:20 | 0:28:24 | |
'that poor fishermen in this part of the Indian Ocean | 0:28:24 | 0:28:27 | |
'are emptying the sea to get at them.' | 0:28:27 | 0:28:30 | |
Well, I'm absolutely amazed by how few fish there are here, | 0:28:30 | 0:28:33 | |
and, and worried as well, frankly, | 0:28:33 | 0:28:36 | |
cos we've dragged a huge net through the sea | 0:28:36 | 0:28:39 | |
for more than an hour and this is all that it's brought up. | 0:28:39 | 0:28:41 | |
The next morning, I headed a few miles along the coast to meet | 0:28:55 | 0:28:59 | |
Tuku Behera, a local conservationist concerned about | 0:28:59 | 0:29:02 | |
the impact of prawn trawlers on wildlife around the Indian Ocean. | 0:29:02 | 0:29:06 | |
Oh, God, now that's desperate. | 0:29:10 | 0:29:12 | |
The head of a turtle? | 0:29:12 | 0:29:14 | |
Yeah. | 0:29:14 | 0:29:16 | |
TRANSLATION: I noticed a rotting smell when we were passing by, | 0:29:17 | 0:29:20 | |
so I thought there might be a carcass here. | 0:29:20 | 0:29:23 | |
How many dead turtles do you find along the beach here? | 0:29:25 | 0:29:28 | |
TRANSLATION: Every year, on the Orissa coast, | 0:29:30 | 0:29:34 | |
about 10,000 to 15,000 dead turtles get washed up due to illegal fishing. | 0:29:34 | 0:29:38 | |
To make the mortality figures look lower, | 0:29:49 | 0:29:51 | |
Forest Department bury the turtles. | 0:29:51 | 0:29:54 | |
If we didn't report it to the media, | 0:30:00 | 0:30:03 | |
no-one would know the turtles are dying like this. | 0:30:03 | 0:30:06 | |
-Shall we cover it back up, Tuku? -Yeah. | 0:30:10 | 0:30:13 | |
'Tuku's village sits next to one of the world's largest nesting sites | 0:30:14 | 0:30:17 | |
'for the Olive Ridley turtle. | 0:30:17 | 0:30:19 | |
'To protect the turtles, trawling is supposed to be illegal here.' | 0:30:21 | 0:30:24 | |
So what's this, what are these boats out here, | 0:30:24 | 0:30:27 | |
are these trawlers? | 0:30:27 | 0:30:29 | |
Yeah, some trawler here. | 0:30:29 | 0:30:30 | |
TRANSLATION: They're all trawlers, and this is a marine reserve. | 0:30:30 | 0:30:34 | |
Turtles have to come up to breathe every 45 minutes, | 0:30:34 | 0:30:37 | |
but they stay in the trawlers' nets for four or five hours. | 0:30:37 | 0:30:41 | |
They won't be able to breathe and they'll die. | 0:30:41 | 0:30:44 | |
'There's no real enforcement of the law here, | 0:30:47 | 0:30:49 | |
'so Tuku's taking direct action to protect the turtles.' | 0:30:49 | 0:30:54 | |
What the hell is this? | 0:30:54 | 0:30:56 | |
Ah wait here, wait. | 0:30:56 | 0:30:58 | |
What are these structures, Tuku? | 0:31:00 | 0:31:02 | |
TRANSLATION: We've made this artificial reef. | 0:31:04 | 0:31:07 | |
We're hoping that fish will come and make it their breeding ground. | 0:31:07 | 0:31:13 | |
And if people drop their nets on it, the nets will get damaged, | 0:31:19 | 0:31:24 | |
so they can't do any bottom trawling. | 0:31:24 | 0:31:27 | |
My God, you know, I can, there's more of them all around us. | 0:31:31 | 0:31:34 | |
TRANSLATION: We've put about 80 of them in the sea already, | 0:31:34 | 0:31:37 | |
and there are still about 65 left to go. | 0:31:37 | 0:31:40 | |
We're slowly putting them in. | 0:31:40 | 0:31:42 | |
How much do they... | 0:31:45 | 0:31:46 | |
Argh! | 0:31:49 | 0:31:50 | |
How the hell do you get them in the water?! | 0:31:50 | 0:31:52 | |
TRANSLATION: You can't do it by yourself. We need lots of people. | 0:31:52 | 0:31:57 | |
Abhra, you get on the front, | 0:31:57 | 0:31:58 | |
I'll get on the back, we'll do it together, mate! | 0:31:58 | 0:32:00 | |
Come on, everybody! | 0:32:00 | 0:32:02 | |
Argh! | 0:32:06 | 0:32:07 | |
Flipping 'eck! | 0:32:10 | 0:32:12 | |
Argh! | 0:32:14 | 0:32:15 | |
Whoar! | 0:32:17 | 0:32:18 | |
Oh, flipping 'eck! | 0:32:21 | 0:32:23 | |
I don't think it's good to be the tallest person. | 0:32:23 | 0:32:25 | |
I'm loving this. | 0:32:38 | 0:32:40 | |
These are people actually doing something to protect the ocean. | 0:32:41 | 0:32:45 | |
SHOUTS AND CONVERSATION | 0:32:45 | 0:32:49 | |
MEN SHOUT | 0:32:54 | 0:32:56 | |
Well, the plan is to tie both boats together | 0:33:18 | 0:33:20 | |
and then we're going to motor to the drop area. | 0:33:20 | 0:33:23 | |
'Tuku places the concrete blocks in a formation designed | 0:33:24 | 0:33:27 | |
'to make trawling in the area impossible.' | 0:33:27 | 0:33:30 | |
I think he's checking where to put it on his GPS. | 0:33:38 | 0:33:42 | |
This spot? | 0:33:42 | 0:33:43 | |
Whoa! | 0:33:49 | 0:33:51 | |
Congratulations, Tuku. Well done mate, very impressive. | 0:33:54 | 0:33:58 | |
'With another concrete block laid in the water, | 0:33:59 | 0:34:01 | |
'it was time for a celebratory swim.' | 0:34:01 | 0:34:04 | |
Into the Indian Ocean! Come on! Arrgh! | 0:34:05 | 0:34:08 | |
Come on, then! | 0:34:10 | 0:34:13 | |
Well done, mate, congratulations, another net ripper in the water. | 0:34:15 | 0:34:18 | |
Thank you! | 0:34:18 | 0:34:20 | |
It's beautiful here. | 0:34:27 | 0:34:29 | |
I just found out, though, that despite all Tuku's great work to try | 0:34:31 | 0:34:36 | |
and save the sea off the coast here, | 0:34:36 | 0:34:39 | |
there are plans to build a whopping great port not that far that way, | 0:34:39 | 0:34:45 | |
with potentially disastrous consequences for this area. | 0:34:45 | 0:34:49 | |
Along the 300-mile coast of Orissa, there are plans to | 0:34:56 | 0:34:59 | |
build up to 15 new ports, one every 20 miles. | 0:34:59 | 0:35:03 | |
I travelled on from India towards Bangladesh. | 0:35:15 | 0:35:18 | |
I drove north up the coast to the border. | 0:35:21 | 0:35:24 | |
You see the trucks on the left here queuing up to get into Bangladesh. | 0:35:28 | 0:35:32 | |
Come here, mate. | 0:35:34 | 0:35:36 | |
Thank you. | 0:35:36 | 0:35:37 | |
-Cheers, mate. I hope to see you again. -Safe journey. | 0:35:37 | 0:35:40 | |
-Thank you. -And have a nice trip, OK? | 0:35:40 | 0:35:42 | |
Thank you. We've still got a long way to go, our bags are going. I have to follow them. | 0:35:42 | 0:35:46 | |
Bye-bye Abhra! | 0:35:46 | 0:35:48 | |
Bye, Abhra. | 0:35:48 | 0:35:50 | |
-Morshed? -Yes. -Hello, mate. -Hi, how are you? -Very well. | 0:35:50 | 0:35:53 | |
-How lovely, what a greeting! -Welcome to Bangladesh! | 0:35:53 | 0:35:56 | |
-Thank you very much indeed. -Yes. | 0:35:56 | 0:35:58 | |
-Thanks for coming all this way. -Nice to meet you. Yes. | 0:35:58 | 0:36:00 | |
From the border, I headed south-east, back towards the coast. | 0:36:02 | 0:36:06 | |
Much of Bangladesh is a giant tidal delta, | 0:36:07 | 0:36:10 | |
where the Himalayan meltwater meets the Indian Ocean. | 0:36:10 | 0:36:14 | |
If you want to get around, you need to find a boat. | 0:36:14 | 0:36:17 | |
-Morshed, after you sir. -OK, thank you very much Simon, | 0:36:19 | 0:36:22 | |
-let's go together. -Let's go. -Yeah. -Let's get on board. | 0:36:22 | 0:36:26 | |
My new guide, Morshed Ali Khan, a Bangladeshi journalist, | 0:36:26 | 0:36:30 | |
was taking me down river towards the sea. | 0:36:30 | 0:36:32 | |
Here we go, this will be our home for a few says. | 0:36:36 | 0:36:40 | |
They're taking off the anchor. | 0:36:40 | 0:36:41 | |
Anchor's coming up, engines have started, we're heading off. | 0:36:42 | 0:36:46 | |
As we headed south, we left Bangladesh's packed towns behind. | 0:36:58 | 0:37:02 | |
But as night fell, there was a major disadvantage | 0:37:05 | 0:37:07 | |
in having the only light for miles around. | 0:37:07 | 0:37:10 | |
Bloody hell, | 0:37:10 | 0:37:11 | |
we've got a few extra passengers on board. | 0:37:11 | 0:37:14 | |
Oi, quick, quick, quick! | 0:37:18 | 0:37:20 | |
Too many insects! | 0:37:20 | 0:37:22 | |
Oh God, I've got to keep the door closed. | 0:37:22 | 0:37:25 | |
I've got my pyjamas on, | 0:37:25 | 0:37:26 | |
I've got to get into bed, | 0:37:26 | 0:37:28 | |
too many insects, | 0:37:28 | 0:37:29 | |
so I'm going into the little, | 0:37:29 | 0:37:32 | |
little cabin here. | 0:37:32 | 0:37:34 | |
More like a coffin! | 0:37:34 | 0:37:36 | |
And I'm putting this in really tight! | 0:37:38 | 0:37:40 | |
There you go, that's how you survive in the tropics, | 0:37:40 | 0:37:44 | |
with a whopping big mozzie net. | 0:37:44 | 0:37:46 | |
Oh, that's better. | 0:37:49 | 0:37:50 | |
I think maybe I've got to turn the light out now, | 0:37:52 | 0:37:54 | |
and get you out as well! | 0:37:54 | 0:37:56 | |
LAUGHTER | 0:37:56 | 0:37:58 | |
-Goodnight, mate. -Night, mate! | 0:37:58 | 0:38:00 | |
'I'd seen in India how prawn fishing is damaging life in our oceans.' | 0:38:07 | 0:38:12 | |
'Farming prawns, or shrimp, on land is an alternative to fishing them | 0:38:13 | 0:38:17 | |
'out of the sea, and Bangladesh is a major producer of farmed prawns.' | 0:38:17 | 0:38:23 | |
-See, this is a shrimp processing plant, this. -Just here? | 0:38:23 | 0:38:27 | |
From here it goes to Europe and America. | 0:38:27 | 0:38:30 | |
-It's huge. -There's another over there. | 0:38:30 | 0:38:33 | |
This one there, and others coming up over there under construction. | 0:38:33 | 0:38:36 | |
-So there's four... -Four. -There's three here and one just being built? | 0:38:36 | 0:38:39 | |
-Yes, yes. -And these are all prawn, shrimp processing plants? -Yes, yes. | 0:38:39 | 0:38:43 | |
My goodness. That gives you a sense, | 0:38:43 | 0:38:45 | |
a real sense of the scale of the industry here. | 0:38:45 | 0:38:48 | |
I hadn't realised prawns were so important to Bangladesh. | 0:38:49 | 0:38:53 | |
Yeah, it is very important nowadays because, you know, | 0:38:53 | 0:38:56 | |
it brings in a lot of hard cash from Europe and America. | 0:38:56 | 0:38:59 | |
-In exports? -In exports, yes. | 0:38:59 | 0:39:02 | |
There is another one here behind you on this side. | 0:39:02 | 0:39:04 | |
My God, they're everywhere! | 0:39:04 | 0:39:07 | |
Bangladesh is perfect for prawn farming, with vast areas | 0:39:07 | 0:39:11 | |
of low-level land easily flooded with salt water at high tide. | 0:39:11 | 0:39:15 | |
'Morshed was taking me to one of the hundreds of farms | 0:39:22 | 0:39:25 | |
'in this part of the country.' | 0:39:25 | 0:39:26 | |
All right, mate? | 0:39:26 | 0:39:28 | |
'But first we headed for one of the few tall buildings in the area, | 0:39:28 | 0:39:32 | |
'so I could get a better idea | 0:39:32 | 0:39:33 | |
of how widespread prawn farming has become.' | 0:39:33 | 0:39:36 | |
DOOR CREAKS | 0:39:36 | 0:39:38 | |
This is all for...all prawn farms? | 0:39:45 | 0:39:47 | |
As far as you can see, all prawn farm, all salt water. | 0:39:47 | 0:39:52 | |
It's like an inland sea. | 0:39:54 | 0:39:56 | |
It's all prawn. | 0:39:56 | 0:39:58 | |
Now they're drying up to treat it with some chemicals. | 0:39:58 | 0:40:03 | |
-To kill off parasites in the mud or something? -Yes. | 0:40:03 | 0:40:06 | |
Around 40% of the prawns eaten around the world today are farmed. | 0:40:08 | 0:40:13 | |
Demand is so high, particularly from Europe and the US, | 0:40:13 | 0:40:16 | |
that more than 35,000 prawn farms now operate in Bangladesh. | 0:40:16 | 0:40:20 | |
The scale of it is pretty breathtaking. | 0:40:22 | 0:40:26 | |
The prawns are sold internationally | 0:40:26 | 0:40:28 | |
by large firms and wealthy middlemen, | 0:40:28 | 0:40:31 | |
but they're often farmed and produced by networks of villagers. | 0:40:31 | 0:40:35 | |
Many were persuaded to get into the business | 0:40:35 | 0:40:38 | |
by the promise of short-term gain, | 0:40:38 | 0:40:40 | |
or because other farmers flooded their fields. | 0:40:40 | 0:40:42 | |
Here we go, lots and lots of giant prawns. | 0:40:45 | 0:40:48 | |
Here is some...black tiger. | 0:40:51 | 0:40:55 | |
-This is the black tiger prawn? -Yes, this is what you like most. | 0:40:55 | 0:40:58 | |
SIMON LAUGHS | 0:40:58 | 0:40:59 | |
So here we are, this is what everybody's after, | 0:40:59 | 0:41:01 | |
black tiger prawn. It's what the farmers want here | 0:41:01 | 0:41:04 | |
because they get the best price for this when it goes for export, | 0:41:04 | 0:41:07 | |
because this is what people want to eat in Europe, America, Asia. | 0:41:07 | 0:41:12 | |
How many prawns can you take out | 0:41:14 | 0:41:16 | |
from your patch of farm area on a good day? | 0:41:16 | 0:41:19 | |
TRANSLATION: Every year we can get | 0:41:21 | 0:41:23 | |
about 400 kilograms of prawns from one acre of land. | 0:41:23 | 0:41:26 | |
Are you making a good living from the prawns then? | 0:41:29 | 0:41:32 | |
No. I have to buy everything, even water. | 0:41:32 | 0:41:36 | |
What I earn from the prawns, I spend on the things I need to live. | 0:41:36 | 0:41:39 | |
Have you always farmed prawns or did you use to farm crops | 0:41:41 | 0:41:43 | |
before you switched to prawns? | 0:41:43 | 0:41:45 | |
I used to grow rice, which was good, | 0:41:45 | 0:41:48 | |
but when everyone around me leased their land to prawn farmers, | 0:41:48 | 0:41:52 | |
I had to start farming prawns too. | 0:41:52 | 0:41:54 | |
Oh really? Presumably then your land had been inundated with salt water? | 0:41:54 | 0:41:57 | |
Exactly. | 0:41:57 | 0:41:59 | |
Awash with salt, almost all the land around here | 0:42:02 | 0:42:05 | |
is now unsuitable for growing crops. | 0:42:05 | 0:42:07 | |
Apart from prawns there's very little else, | 0:42:09 | 0:42:11 | |
except salty and fertile mud. | 0:42:11 | 0:42:14 | |
Flipping heck, I'm going to get stuck here! | 0:42:14 | 0:42:17 | |
-Let's go that way. -That side, OK. | 0:42:19 | 0:42:22 | |
'Prawn farming is an important industry around the Indian Ocean, | 0:42:22 | 0:42:26 | |
'but it's a risky business | 0:42:26 | 0:42:28 | |
'and once farmers switch to prawns, it's hard to switch back.' | 0:42:28 | 0:42:31 | |
ENGINE SPLUTTERS | 0:42:33 | 0:42:34 | |
-Wow! -Wow! -Hey! | 0:42:34 | 0:42:35 | |
-ALL CHEER -Ha ha! | 0:42:35 | 0:42:38 | |
'Morshed took me off on a local taxi | 0:42:38 | 0:42:40 | |
'to show me what can happen when prawn farming fails.' | 0:42:40 | 0:42:43 | |
THEY SHOUT IN BENGALI | 0:42:43 | 0:42:46 | |
And tell him not to go round the South Circular! | 0:42:49 | 0:42:52 | |
Prawn farming puts villagers at the mercy of powerful middlemen | 0:42:54 | 0:42:58 | |
and fluctuating global prices. | 0:42:58 | 0:43:01 | |
Western supermarkets are always driving prices lower | 0:43:01 | 0:43:04 | |
so the average village prawn farmer here earns very little. | 0:43:04 | 0:43:08 | |
But perhaps the biggest problem for villages is that | 0:43:08 | 0:43:10 | |
after land is flooded with salty water, farmers are unable to grow | 0:43:10 | 0:43:14 | |
the crops they need to eat and survive. | 0:43:14 | 0:43:17 | |
This area was being used to cultivate prawns | 0:43:17 | 0:43:21 | |
and then just a few years ago the people here decided they wanted | 0:43:21 | 0:43:24 | |
to start growing crops instead, and they planted rice, | 0:43:24 | 0:43:28 | |
but the rice died. | 0:43:28 | 0:43:29 | |
The reason is, once you've let salty, | 0:43:29 | 0:43:32 | |
saline seawater on to farmland, it basically ruins it. | 0:43:32 | 0:43:38 | |
'And that's why some people in Bangladesh | 0:43:39 | 0:43:42 | |
'wish they'd never switched to farming our prawns.' | 0:43:42 | 0:43:45 | |
Morshed took me to see one village that had resisted | 0:43:51 | 0:43:54 | |
the lure of prawns, and the salt water that comes with them. | 0:43:54 | 0:43:57 | |
-Is this it here, Morshed? Not really a landing point, is there? -No. | 0:43:59 | 0:44:02 | |
-Oh, flipping heck! You go first then. -OK, I'll go first. | 0:44:05 | 0:44:08 | |
-I've got you just in case you sink. -OK. | 0:44:10 | 0:44:12 | |
Oh, my goodness. Oh, my... Right, shoes off. | 0:44:12 | 0:44:15 | |
-Think you were wearing shoes... -Shoes off! | 0:44:16 | 0:44:18 | |
-It's fine man. -Hang on. | 0:44:21 | 0:44:23 | |
Hang on, I'm coming. | 0:44:23 | 0:44:25 | |
Oh, wow, I'm going down! | 0:44:25 | 0:44:27 | |
-This is the stickiest, gloopiest mud... -I know. | 0:44:27 | 0:44:31 | |
-..I have ever been in. -Yeah. | 0:44:31 | 0:44:33 | |
I can't get my left foot out. | 0:44:33 | 0:44:35 | |
Save me! | 0:44:35 | 0:44:36 | |
Help me out of this. | 0:44:36 | 0:44:38 | |
Morshed, you've a right approach to life, haven't you? | 0:44:39 | 0:44:41 | |
Do this, do this, let's have a dance here! | 0:44:41 | 0:44:44 | |
These are happy people here, you know? | 0:44:44 | 0:44:45 | |
Please rescue us from the mud. | 0:44:45 | 0:44:47 | |
Oh, oo-er! | 0:44:47 | 0:44:49 | |
Thank you, sir. Thank you, thank you, thank you. | 0:44:49 | 0:44:52 | |
-Ah, look at over the other side. -Yeah, you can see the difference. | 0:44:56 | 0:45:00 | |
So this is rice in the field, isn't it? | 0:45:00 | 0:45:02 | |
-Yes, this is rice, this is paddy. -Food! | 0:45:02 | 0:45:04 | |
Food, you can see all these fruit trees around. | 0:45:04 | 0:45:07 | |
-Coconut trees... -Birds, I can hear birds as well. | 0:45:07 | 0:45:10 | |
It obviously is a very poor village, | 0:45:15 | 0:45:18 | |
but it has got a real feeling that there is life here. | 0:45:18 | 0:45:22 | |
It's not dead and sterile in the way the prawn farming villages are. | 0:45:22 | 0:45:26 | |
This is Rekharani, Simon. | 0:45:26 | 0:45:28 | |
-Rekharani? -Yes. -Hello, Rekharani. | 0:45:28 | 0:45:31 | |
What are you growing here, Rekharani? | 0:45:31 | 0:45:33 | |
TRANSLATION: We've got mangoes, | 0:45:35 | 0:45:38 | |
we've got cherries, | 0:45:38 | 0:45:39 | |
we've got lots of different kinds of fruits. | 0:45:39 | 0:45:42 | |
We grow vegetables, pumpkins and lentils. | 0:45:43 | 0:45:46 | |
We grow crops all year round. | 0:45:47 | 0:45:49 | |
Why do you not want to farm prawns here? | 0:45:51 | 0:45:54 | |
Why have you, why are you farming like this, instead? | 0:45:54 | 0:45:57 | |
People who have turned to prawn farming | 0:45:59 | 0:46:01 | |
now have to come to us to buy vegetables. | 0:46:01 | 0:46:05 | |
Even to buy water. | 0:46:05 | 0:46:07 | |
That's why we don't want to farm prawns. | 0:46:07 | 0:46:09 | |
If we didn't let them use the water from our ponds, | 0:46:12 | 0:46:15 | |
they wouldn't have any water to drink or to cook with. | 0:46:15 | 0:46:18 | |
When people start prawn farming in this low-lying country | 0:46:20 | 0:46:25 | |
the salt water can get everywhere, | 0:46:25 | 0:46:26 | |
polluting any sources of fresh water. | 0:46:26 | 0:46:30 | |
So this is one of the crucial differences, of course, | 0:46:30 | 0:46:33 | |
with the prawn farming villages, because they can use the water here, | 0:46:33 | 0:46:36 | |
not just for cooking, but also to put on their crops, to grow food. | 0:46:36 | 0:46:42 | |
You can't do that if you've converted to prawns. | 0:46:42 | 0:46:45 | |
If you convert to prawns, you've got salt water, | 0:46:45 | 0:46:48 | |
it's no good for anything, really. | 0:46:48 | 0:46:51 | |
Except, for growing prawns. | 0:46:51 | 0:46:52 | |
Trawling for cheap prawns is harming the ocean. | 0:46:54 | 0:46:57 | |
Farming cheap prawns often damages the environment on land | 0:46:57 | 0:47:00 | |
and can blight the lives of villagers. | 0:47:00 | 0:47:03 | |
Supermarket prawns in the west are much cheaper than they used to be, | 0:47:04 | 0:47:08 | |
but some people here in Bangladesh are paying a heavy price. | 0:47:08 | 0:47:12 | |
It was time to explore the rest of Bangladesh | 0:47:20 | 0:47:23 | |
and we headed east. | 0:47:23 | 0:47:25 | |
Bangladesh is a beautiful country and one of my favourites, | 0:47:25 | 0:47:28 | |
yet it doesn't attract many tourists. | 0:47:28 | 0:47:31 | |
But further round the coast, we stopped off at Cox's Bazar, | 0:47:31 | 0:47:34 | |
Bangladesh's great hope for an Indian Ocean resort. | 0:47:34 | 0:47:38 | |
There's an amazing amount of development underway here. | 0:47:38 | 0:47:41 | |
Big hotel going up there, hotel going up here, | 0:47:42 | 0:47:45 | |
at least one hotel over there. | 0:47:45 | 0:47:47 | |
The place is basically a building site. | 0:47:48 | 0:47:51 | |
Oh, my God! | 0:47:51 | 0:47:52 | |
Look at this. | 0:47:52 | 0:47:54 | |
Now that is definitely what you want to see | 0:47:54 | 0:47:56 | |
when you're coming in to a beach resort. | 0:47:56 | 0:47:59 | |
It may not have the finishing touches in place, just yet, | 0:47:59 | 0:48:01 | |
but Cox's Bazar has one very big advantage | 0:48:01 | 0:48:03 | |
when compared to other seaside resorts. | 0:48:03 | 0:48:06 | |
Wow! | 0:48:07 | 0:48:09 | |
It's the starting point for a beach | 0:48:09 | 0:48:10 | |
that stretches for 70 miles down the coast, | 0:48:10 | 0:48:13 | |
making it one of the longest in the world. | 0:48:13 | 0:48:15 | |
-I'm very impressed, Morshed. Very impressed. -Yeah. | 0:48:17 | 0:48:20 | |
I've been on a good few beaches while we've been travelling around the Indian Ocean | 0:48:20 | 0:48:24 | |
and this is spectacular. | 0:48:24 | 0:48:25 | |
What's going on here? | 0:48:25 | 0:48:27 | |
Ah, this is one of the watersports we have. | 0:48:27 | 0:48:31 | |
Cox's Bazar is home to Bangladesh's first surf school, | 0:48:42 | 0:48:45 | |
run by Zafar Alam. | 0:48:45 | 0:48:48 | |
Hi, Zafar. | 0:48:49 | 0:48:51 | |
How are you? Ah, this is Simon. | 0:48:53 | 0:48:56 | |
-All right, Simon... -Lovely to meet you. | 0:48:56 | 0:48:57 | |
You've got warm water, easy, easy waves to learn on. | 0:48:57 | 0:49:02 | |
-A good place to start surfing? -Yes. | 0:49:02 | 0:49:04 | |
I have no idea, man, what you are talking about. | 0:49:04 | 0:49:07 | |
I have never surfed in my life! | 0:49:07 | 0:49:08 | |
I give you 100% guarantee, one minute surfing | 0:49:08 | 0:49:12 | |
you can stand up. I give you 100% guarantee. | 0:49:12 | 0:49:16 | |
-100% guarantee? -Yes! -That's a pretty good deal! -Yeah! | 0:49:16 | 0:49:19 | |
-What about for Morshed? -What about for me? | 0:49:19 | 0:49:22 | |
-Yeah, same thing, same thing. -Same? -100% guarantee? | 0:49:22 | 0:49:24 | |
-Yeah, same thing. -All right, we'll take you up on that, mate. | 0:49:24 | 0:49:27 | |
Whoa! | 0:49:29 | 0:49:30 | |
Much to my surprise, I managed to stand up, | 0:49:44 | 0:49:47 | |
albeit on some pretty tiny waves. | 0:49:47 | 0:49:49 | |
Morshed gamely had a good go at it. | 0:49:52 | 0:49:55 | |
But, clearly, he had a dodgy surfboard... | 0:50:00 | 0:50:03 | |
..and was up for a refund. | 0:50:06 | 0:50:07 | |
This is really not my cup of tea man! | 0:50:28 | 0:50:30 | |
I'd better do it in the bath tub! | 0:50:30 | 0:50:33 | |
It's a lot of fun | 0:50:33 | 0:50:36 | |
and a lovely little treat, | 0:50:36 | 0:50:39 | |
as we near the end of this part of the journey. | 0:50:39 | 0:50:42 | |
I'd like to catch a few more waves but I think we should get in | 0:50:42 | 0:50:47 | |
and get on the road. | 0:50:47 | 0:50:49 | |
We headed a short way along the coast to Chittagong, | 0:50:54 | 0:50:57 | |
Bangladesh's second city. | 0:50:57 | 0:51:00 | |
It's a massive port and connects the Bangladeshi economy | 0:51:00 | 0:51:03 | |
with the rest of the world, via the Indian Ocean. | 0:51:03 | 0:51:06 | |
What on earth?! | 0:51:13 | 0:51:15 | |
Can we stop, can we stop? Look at this! | 0:51:16 | 0:51:19 | |
-Come on, let's go and have a look. -Yeah. | 0:51:19 | 0:51:21 | |
-This is bizarre. Come on, Morshed. -Yeah. | 0:51:21 | 0:51:24 | |
Lifeboats! | 0:51:31 | 0:51:32 | |
They've got hundreds of them, but they stretch down the river here. | 0:51:32 | 0:51:37 | |
It's like a car park for lifeboats. | 0:51:37 | 0:51:40 | |
So where are these from? | 0:51:40 | 0:51:43 | |
Ah, some of these are from the ships | 0:51:43 | 0:51:45 | |
which are being broken here, ocean-going ships. | 0:51:45 | 0:51:48 | |
Look, there's one here, Portsmouth! | 0:51:48 | 0:51:50 | |
-It's a big industry in this part of the world, Simon. -Yeah? | 0:51:50 | 0:51:54 | |
But here the end of life ships from around the world are recycled. | 0:51:54 | 0:51:59 | |
When they're about 35 years old, | 0:51:59 | 0:52:02 | |
they're sent here to be dismantled, piece by piece. | 0:52:02 | 0:52:06 | |
You can see one of the pieces here, there are a million others. | 0:52:06 | 0:52:09 | |
I'd heard that every year hundreds of enormous ocean-going ships | 0:52:11 | 0:52:14 | |
from around the world are brought here to Chittagong to be scrapped, | 0:52:14 | 0:52:17 | |
but the Bangladeshi government doesn't want outsiders to see what's happening here, | 0:52:17 | 0:52:21 | |
and we were warned we might be arrested if caught with cameras. | 0:52:21 | 0:52:25 | |
We're entering the ship breaking area now | 0:52:25 | 0:52:27 | |
so we're going to have to turn off our cameras and hide them away | 0:52:27 | 0:52:30 | |
until we get onto our boat. | 0:52:30 | 0:52:32 | |
I was keen to see the ship breaking yards | 0:52:35 | 0:52:38 | |
so we came up with an unusual way of getting closer. | 0:52:38 | 0:52:41 | |
We're on a boat, but we're actually on land. | 0:52:41 | 0:52:45 | |
We're being pushed on our boat across super-slimy mud | 0:52:45 | 0:52:49 | |
out to another boat that we're going to take up and down the coast. | 0:52:49 | 0:52:54 | |
We're reliably informed it is actually in the water. | 0:52:54 | 0:52:57 | |
The owners of the ship breaking yards | 0:53:01 | 0:53:03 | |
won't allow TV cameras onto their beaches. | 0:53:03 | 0:53:05 | |
But getting our own boat meant we could see the wrecked ships | 0:53:05 | 0:53:08 | |
from the sea. | 0:53:08 | 0:53:10 | |
We're having to be a bit careful, another boat has come up to ours. | 0:53:14 | 0:53:18 | |
I think, just to take some clothing off, | 0:53:18 | 0:53:20 | |
but we're just trying to make sure they don't see our large cameras. | 0:53:20 | 0:53:24 | |
CONVERSATION IN BACKGROUND | 0:53:25 | 0:53:26 | |
MORSHED: OK, we're coming. | 0:53:26 | 0:53:28 | |
The guys were getting a bit jumpy and concerned. | 0:53:28 | 0:53:30 | |
When we got out onto the water, | 0:53:34 | 0:53:36 | |
it soon became clear what the fuss is about. | 0:53:36 | 0:53:38 | |
Bloody hell! | 0:53:46 | 0:53:47 | |
This is a really awesome sight, isn't it? | 0:53:49 | 0:53:51 | |
Giant ships with great huge chunks ripped off them. | 0:53:55 | 0:53:58 | |
My God, look over there, they've peeled away the side of the ship. | 0:54:02 | 0:54:05 | |
The scale of this is just incredible. | 0:54:05 | 0:54:08 | |
But the...the whole of the back is off this one and this one, | 0:54:10 | 0:54:14 | |
and then there's more stretching out into the distance, | 0:54:14 | 0:54:17 | |
we can see dozens of them. | 0:54:17 | 0:54:19 | |
Look at all the oil in the water down here. | 0:54:25 | 0:54:28 | |
Black gunk floating on the surface. | 0:54:30 | 0:54:34 | |
There's no question, it's coming from these ships. | 0:54:34 | 0:54:37 | |
Every year, scores of tankers and container ships | 0:54:38 | 0:54:42 | |
are deliberately rammed onto this ten-mile stretch of beach. | 0:54:42 | 0:54:46 | |
It's a filthy and highly dangerous business. | 0:54:46 | 0:54:49 | |
The workers descend on the ship and start to tear it apart. | 0:54:52 | 0:54:55 | |
-What do they use? -They use blowtorches, hammers, axes, | 0:54:55 | 0:54:59 | |
anything they have. | 0:54:59 | 0:55:01 | |
Hundreds of them, even children are employed here, you know. | 0:55:01 | 0:55:04 | |
And is that one of the reasons why people aren't happy for us | 0:55:04 | 0:55:07 | |
to film it from shore, because we'll see the children working? | 0:55:07 | 0:55:09 | |
That's right, that's right. | 0:55:09 | 0:55:11 | |
Children working and workers dying, every now and then. | 0:55:11 | 0:55:14 | |
Sometimes they fall off from a height of a six-storey tall building. | 0:55:14 | 0:55:19 | |
Sometimes they're crushed under heavy metal falling on to them. | 0:55:19 | 0:55:24 | |
Sometimes they are suffocated inside a gas chamber. | 0:55:24 | 0:55:27 | |
So people are...there are accidents here fairly regularly then by the sounds of it? | 0:55:28 | 0:55:33 | |
Very regular accidents, very regular. | 0:55:33 | 0:55:35 | |
About eight people die a month. | 0:55:37 | 0:55:39 | |
-Each month? -Each month. | 0:55:39 | 0:55:42 | |
But that's hundreds over the recent years, then? | 0:55:42 | 0:55:45 | |
-Yes. -Good God. | 0:55:45 | 0:55:49 | |
Yet in a poor country like Bangladesh, | 0:55:49 | 0:55:51 | |
thousands of people are willing to take the risk | 0:55:51 | 0:55:54 | |
in return for wages of just a few pounds a day. | 0:55:54 | 0:55:57 | |
There are about 40 ship breaking yards here, | 0:55:59 | 0:56:02 | |
each run by a different businessman. | 0:56:02 | 0:56:04 | |
Though they may not be seaworthy anymore, | 0:56:04 | 0:56:06 | |
the ships are still worth a fortune as scrap metal | 0:56:06 | 0:56:09 | |
and yard owners will pay a few million dollars for each one. | 0:56:09 | 0:56:13 | |
The main road from Chittagong is lined with scrap dealers. | 0:56:20 | 0:56:24 | |
Almost every last fragment of the dismantled ships | 0:56:32 | 0:56:36 | |
is salvaged and recycled. | 0:56:36 | 0:56:38 | |
And they'll sell these on? | 0:56:41 | 0:56:43 | |
They'll sell the engines on? | 0:56:43 | 0:56:44 | |
Yes, they will sell the engines. See... | 0:56:44 | 0:56:47 | |
A huge proportion of the value of the dead ships | 0:56:47 | 0:56:50 | |
is simply the metal. | 0:56:50 | 0:56:51 | |
The ship breaking yards claim they supply more than half of | 0:56:51 | 0:56:54 | |
Bangladesh's steel and there's a great deal more on offer. | 0:56:54 | 0:56:58 | |
-Look at this! -Toilets! | 0:57:00 | 0:57:04 | |
Are you selling these toilets? | 0:57:04 | 0:57:06 | |
-Toilet? -Is this from you? | 0:57:06 | 0:57:08 | |
-A ship. -Who buys these? | 0:57:08 | 0:57:09 | |
Perfectly functional, all right... | 0:57:19 | 0:57:21 | |
Granted it's a little bit mucky at the moment. | 0:57:21 | 0:57:24 | |
I've stayed in hotels that are worse than this! | 0:57:24 | 0:57:26 | |
See this isn't a chuck-away country, | 0:57:27 | 0:57:30 | |
this is a country where stuff is reused. | 0:57:30 | 0:57:32 | |
South of Chittagong lies the River Naf, | 0:57:38 | 0:57:40 | |
which marks Bangladesh's border with Burma. | 0:57:40 | 0:57:44 | |
So I've reached the very edge of Bangladesh. | 0:57:48 | 0:57:51 | |
That's Burma over there, on the other side of the river. | 0:57:51 | 0:57:54 | |
It's opening up a little bit but it's still a very repressive country | 0:57:54 | 0:57:57 | |
and this part of my journey ends here. | 0:57:57 | 0:58:01 | |
I'll be sorry to leave Bangladesh, | 0:58:01 | 0:58:02 | |
it's a country I've got a real soft spot for. | 0:58:02 | 0:58:05 | |
On the next bit of my travels, I'll be heading to Australia | 0:58:06 | 0:58:10 | |
where I'll be finishing my entire journey around the Indian Ocean. | 0:58:10 | 0:58:14 | |
'Next time, on the final leg of my journey, | 0:58:14 | 0:58:17 | |
'I visit Indonesia and help harvest a future wonder crop.' | 0:58:17 | 0:58:21 | |
Ah! | 0:58:21 | 0:58:22 | |
'In Western Australia, | 0:58:22 | 0:58:23 | |
'I have a close encounter with a mighty predator.' | 0:58:23 | 0:58:27 | |
It's biting. Oo-er! God, look at those teeth! | 0:58:27 | 0:58:29 | |
'Before I reach the end of my Indian Ocean journey | 0:58:29 | 0:58:32 | |
'at spectacular Cape Leeuwin.' | 0:58:32 | 0:58:34 | |
Subtitles by Red Bee Media Ltd | 0:58:54 | 0:58:58 |