Pennod 13 ‹ 100 Lle

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-Join me to visit the Centre -for Alternative Technology...	0:00:21	0:00:25
-..Newtown, home of Robert Owen -and Pryce Jones...	0:00:26	0:00:29
-..Aberystwyth, -through Marian Delyth's lens...	0:00:29	0:00:33
-..and the very beautiful Aberaeron.	0:00:33	0:00:36
-Our journey begins -in a remote monastery.	0:00:38	0:00:41
-Strata Florida, Pontrhydfendigaid...	0:00:49	0:00:51
-..is a two for the price of one -location.	0:00:52	0:00:55
-An important monastery...	0:00:56	0:00:58
-..and the grave -of one of Europe's greatest poets.	0:00:58	0:01:02
-As T Gwynn Jones wrote...	0:01:03	0:01:04
-.."Here, beneath the mournful yew -lies Dafydd, the great poet."	0:01:05	0:01:09
-Tradition has it that Dafydd -was buried at Strata Florida.	0:01:09	0:01:14
-He came from this area.	0:01:14	0:01:16
-The memorial stone -bears the dates 1320 to 1380...	0:01:17	0:01:21
-..but nobody knows the dates -of his birth or death.	0:01:21	0:01:25
-He died quite young -after living a naughty life!	0:01:26	0:01:29
-He'd done more mileage -than his age perhaps suggested!	0:01:29	0:01:33
-Definitely. Morfudd and Dyddgu may -have chased him around this tree.	0:01:33	0:01:39
-Strata Florida -was a Cistercian abbey.	0:01:55	0:01:58
-What appeal did the Cistercian order -hold for the Welsh people?	0:01:59	0:02:03
-The Cistercians were, originally -at least, dedicated to asceticism.	0:02:03	0:02:08
-They liked simple buildings -and simple ceremonies.	0:02:08	0:02:12
-It reminded the Welsh of the values -of Celtic saints like St David.	0:02:12	0:02:17
-Every Cistercian house -was answerable to the head abbot...	0:02:17	0:02:22
-..who dwelt in Citeaux, Burgundy...	0:02:22	0:02:25
-..and wasn't subject to the direct -influence of the kings of England.	0:02:25	0:02:30
-Strata Florida may be Wales's most -important Cistercian monastery.	0:02:30	0:02:35
-This is the Romanesque archway -into the monastery chapel.	0:02:37	0:02:41
-It's a unique interpretation -of Romanesque design.	0:02:41	0:02:45
-Thin pillars rise from the ground -right to the top and round again.	0:02:45	0:02:50
-Those pillars are linked -by bands of stone...	0:02:50	0:02:53
-..with finials -resembling a bishop's crook...	0:02:54	0:02:57
-..or even a shepherd's crook, -which inspired the bishop's crook.	0:02:57	0:03:02
-That was apt for a monastery -that was so reliant...	0:03:02	0:03:06
-..on the flocks of sheep -kept on these mountains.	0:03:06	0:03:09
-This magnificent arch -was built in around 1201...	0:03:10	0:03:13
-..and it's a near-perfect relic -of Wales in the early 13th century.	0:03:14	0:03:19
-This is the burial place -of ten of Lord Rhys's relatives...	0:03:30	0:03:34
-..according to Brut y Tywysogion.	0:03:34	0:03:37
-It appears these are their graves.	0:03:38	0:03:41
-Why were they buried here, -not in St David's like Lord Rhys?	0:03:41	0:03:47
-Lord Rhys died in 1197, -before this abbey was completed.	0:03:48	0:03:53
-The church was consecrated in 1201.	0:03:54	0:03:56
-That's a few years -after the death of Lord Rhys.	0:03:57	0:04:00
-In the 12th century, St David's -was Deheubarth's spiritual heart.	0:04:00	0:04:06
-By the 13th century, -it seems Strata Florida...	0:04:07	0:04:10
-..had become the spiritual heart -of Deheubarth.	0:04:11	0:04:14
-Its influence -spread further than Deheubarth.	0:04:14	0:04:18
-Llywelyn, the Prince of Gwynedd, -came here in 1238...	0:04:18	0:04:22
-..to make sure Dafydd, his son, -was recognized as his sole heir.	0:04:22	0:04:26
-This suggests Strata Florida -was the spiritual heart...	0:04:27	0:04:31
-..of the whole of Wales.	0:04:31	0:04:33
-Strata Florida takes on -greater significance...	0:04:33	0:04:37
-..when you realize -Brut y Tywysogion was written here.	0:04:37	0:04:41
-Yes, that's what we believe.	0:04:41	0:04:43
-People came to Strata Florida -from all parts of Wales...	0:04:44	0:04:48
-..and the writer could ask them -what was happening in their area...	0:04:48	0:04:53
-..and include it in the book.	0:04:53	0:04:55
-If it weren't for the authors -of the Brut...	0:04:55	0:04:58
-..we'd know little about Wales -from 1175 to 1282.	0:04:58	0:05:02
-You make Brut y Tywysogion -sound like a tabloid newspaper!	0:05:02	0:05:06
-It would have made -the News Of The World seem tame!	0:05:06	0:05:10
-"And in that year, Cadwgan -was robbed of his testicles."	0:05:10	0:05:14
-That's is one of the best lines -in the Brut!	0:05:14	0:05:17
-Llanerchaeron, a stone's throw -from Aberaeron, is charming.	0:05:28	0:05:33
-It's an old 17th century estate.	0:05:33	0:05:36
-It has been in the hands -of the National Trust since 1989.	0:05:37	0:05:40
-This is the sight that greeted you -upon your arrival.	0:05:53	0:05:57
-There was a house here -some 150 years before this one.	0:05:57	0:06:01
-This was the front door -of that house...	0:06:01	0:06:04
-..which dated back -to the 17th century.	0:06:04	0:06:07
-This part of the house was added -by John Nash in the 1790s.	0:06:07	0:06:11
-The old house was also remodelled...	0:06:12	0:06:14
-..and this magnificent -cantilever staircase was built here.	0:06:14	0:06:19
-The staircase is lit from above -by this wonderful roof lantern.	0:06:19	0:06:25
-Ten generations of the Lewis family -lived here.	0:06:53	0:06:57
-This interesting family -was keen on self-sufficiency.	0:06:58	0:07:02
-The front of this house is all -about fashion, style and image...	0:07:16	0:07:20
-..but to keep up this image, -you needed servants.	0:07:20	0:07:24
-This is the servants' yard.	0:07:24	0:07:26
-Here, you'll find a dairy, -a brewhouse, a larder, a pantry...	0:07:26	0:07:31
-..a kitchen and a scullery.	0:07:31	0:07:33
-All these rooms are included -in this charming square.	0:07:33	0:07:37
-This was the engine room -of the house.	0:07:37	0:07:40
-This is what maintained -that wonderful image.	0:07:40	0:07:43
-This is Alban Square, Aberaeron.	0:08:10	0:08:12
-People now visit Aberaeron -for many different reasons.	0:08:13	0:08:17
-Aberaeron was, and still is, -a very attractive town.	0:08:18	0:08:23
-That stems from the uniformity -of the architecture...	0:08:24	0:08:28
-..and a simple street grid.	0:08:28	0:08:30
-The harbour was developed in 1807 -and then the town followed.	0:08:31	0:08:35
-Planners rejected -less elegant Victorian designs...	0:08:35	0:08:41
-..and remained true -to the original Regency style.	0:08:41	0:08:46
-This is Masons Row, -which is among the oldest streets...	0:08:54	0:08:58
-..in the northern part of Aberaeron.	0:08:58	0:09:00
-This was the template.	0:09:01	0:09:02
-This is the architectural style -you see in the rest of the town.	0:09:02	0:09:08
-Aberaeron celebrated -its bicentenary in 2007.	0:09:14	0:09:18
-We should toast its founder, -the Rev. Alban Thomas Jones Gwynne.	0:09:19	0:09:24
-That's two Ns and an E!	0:09:25	0:09:27
-.	0:09:32	0:09:33
-888	0:09:36	0:09:36
-888 - -888	0:09:36	0:09:38
-Is there a better vantage point -from which to see Aberystwyth...	0:09:48	0:09:53
-..than from the top of Consti?	0:09:53	0:09:55
-No, probably not.	0:09:55	0:09:57
-For lazy people, like us, this is -the fastest way to reach the top.	0:09:57	0:10:04
-I came up here -to the camera obscura...	0:10:04	0:10:08
-..to see whether I could capture -the view of Aberystwyth...	0:10:08	0:10:12
-..through the eye -of the camera obscura.	0:10:13	0:10:15
-There's something magical -about this.	0:10:17	0:10:19
-The first camera obscura -was created in Ancient Greece.	0:10:20	0:10:24
-Camera obscura -is Latin for darkened room.	0:10:25	0:10:28
-Imagine how exciting it was -to create an image of the world...	0:10:31	0:10:36
-..without using a pencil or a pen.	0:10:37	0:10:40
-In the book, Wales: 100 Places -To See Before You Die...	0:10:44	0:10:49
-..there's a combination -of traditional images...	0:10:49	0:10:53
-..and shots that are my reaction -to life in Aberystwyth.	0:10:53	0:10:57
-The shot of the statue isn't -a simple, straightforward record.	0:10:57	0:11:02
-It also records the second when -a plane almost touches the statue.	0:11:02	0:11:07
-This is one of my favourite -photographs in the whole book.	0:11:16	0:11:20
-I feel it captures the vibrancy -of life in Aberystwyth.	0:11:20	0:11:26
-The town has always been -a melting pot of ideas and activity.	0:11:27	0:11:32
-Several important protests -were staged there.	0:11:32	0:11:35
-The first -Welsh Language Society protest...	0:11:36	0:11:40
-..was held on Trefechan Bridge.	0:11:40	0:11:42
-The Old College is on the prom.	0:11:49	0:11:51
-It's one of the most important -buildings in Aberystwyth.	0:11:51	0:11:55
-Nikolaus Pevsner, -the architectural historian...	0:11:58	0:12:02
-..couldn't believe his eyes -when he first saw this building.	0:12:02	0:12:08
-He apparently shouted out, -"Good God!"	0:12:08	0:12:11
-There are beautiful architectural -elements to the university building.	0:12:14	0:12:20
-People like me, -who live in Aberystwyth...	0:12:20	0:12:23
-..rarely appreciate them -because they're above eye level.	0:12:23	0:12:29
-Newtown lies just over an hour -east of Aberystwyth.	0:12:36	0:12:39
-Newtown reverberates -with the names of three men.	0:12:40	0:12:44
-WH Smith, in the town centre, -was built in 1927...	0:12:53	0:12:58
-..a time when WH Smith -was doing a roaring trade.	0:12:58	0:13:01
-In accordance -with the Arts & Crafts style...	0:13:01	0:13:05
-..it includes great carpentry, -plasterwork and roof lanterns.	0:13:05	0:13:10
-Over the years, -the shop was modernized...	0:13:10	0:13:13
-..then, in the 1970s, -it was restored.	0:13:14	0:13:18
-The new fittings were stripped away -to reveal the original woodwork.	0:13:18	0:13:24
-It was all in excellent condition -and this shop was reborn...	0:13:25	0:13:29
-..and returned -to its original glory.	0:13:30	0:13:32
-A museum above the shop -traces the history of WH Smith.	0:13:37	0:13:41
-WH Smith's link with typographer -Eric Gill is interesting.	0:13:43	0:13:48
-It's a fascinating read.	0:13:56	0:13:57
-The photographs are nice!	0:13:58	0:14:00
-This museum is dedicated to one of -Newtown's famous sons, Robert Owen.	0:14:09	0:14:14
-He's remembered in many places -across this town.	0:14:15	0:14:18
-Robert Owen campaigned -to improve the health, education...	0:14:23	0:14:27
-..and the rights -of the working class.	0:14:28	0:14:30
-He was a socialist and an atheist.	0:14:31	0:14:33
-Robert Owen was a social reformer -and the caring face of capitalism.	0:14:37	0:14:42
-He lived here for his first ten -years and for his final ten years.	0:14:42	0:14:48
-The Scots enjoy telling the world -about his work at New Lanark...	0:14:48	0:14:52
-..but he was Welsh.	0:14:53	0:14:54
-The third man who is -closely linked with Newtown...	0:14:58	0:15:01
-..made sure we knew his name.	0:15:02	0:15:04
-Unfortunately, the Royal Welsh -Warehouse has seen better days.	0:15:04	0:15:09
-Pryce Jones invented -mail order shopping...	0:15:14	0:15:17
-..when he started his catalogue -business in the mid 19th century.	0:15:17	0:15:22
-He sent parcels -all over the world...	0:15:22	0:15:25
-..and his customers -included Queen Victoria.	0:15:26	0:15:30
-The roots of both catalogue shopping -and Internet shopping are here.	0:15:31	0:15:36
-The Euklisia Rug is an example -of Pryce Jones's inventiveness.	0:15:49	0:15:53
-In essence, it was the predecessor -of the sleeping bag.	0:15:53	0:15:57
-There's an inflatable pillow -within this blanket.	0:15:57	0:16:01
-Thousands of these were sold -to the Prussian army...	0:16:01	0:16:05
-..during the Crimean War.	0:16:05	0:16:07
-It was truly revolutionary.	0:16:07	0:16:09
-This strange memorial -at St Mary's Church...	0:16:24	0:16:27
-..recalls another Pryce...	0:16:28	0:16:30
-..John Pryce of Newtown Hall.	0:16:31	0:16:34
-He was a very strange man.	0:16:34	0:16:37
-He married three times.	0:16:38	0:16:39
-When his first wife died, -he had her embalmed...	0:16:39	0:16:43
-..and he slept next to her -in their bed.	0:16:43	0:16:46
-His second wife shared that same bed -with his deceased first wife.	0:16:46	0:16:51
-When she died, -he also had her embalmed...	0:16:51	0:16:54
-..and Sir John now slept in a bed -with two corpses.	0:16:54	0:16:57
-Thankfully, his third wife...	0:16:58	0:17:00
-..insisted on the removal -of her predecessors' corpses...	0:17:00	0:17:04
-..and they were laid to rest.	0:17:05	0:17:07
-In 1847, a masterpiece -was moved from St Mary's Church...	0:17:09	0:17:13
-..to St David's Church.	0:17:14	0:17:15
-Within the church is what remains -of the rood screen...	0:17:29	0:17:33
-..salvaged from St Mary's Church.	0:17:33	0:17:36
-It's a magnificent example -of the work of local woodcarvers.	0:17:36	0:17:41
-Next, to the Centre for Alternative -Technology, near Machynlleth...	0:17:43	0:17:47
-..to join the people -some call the Dyfi loveys.	0:17:48	0:17:51
-I came here in the early 1980s -and was a bit disappointed.	0:17:55	0:17:59
-A theatre and an information centre -have since been added.	0:17:59	0:18:03
-Mankind now uses in a year -the same amount of energy...	0:18:04	0:18:09
-..used between the heyday -of the Greek civilization...	0:18:09	0:18:14
-..and the onset -of the Industrial Revolution.	0:18:14	0:18:17
-We use in a year -what man once used in 2,000 years.	0:18:18	0:18:21
-That sends out a message to us, -a message we should heed.	0:18:21	0:18:25
-They use 18th century -building methods here.	0:18:29	0:18:33
-They use local stone -and build walls of mud and straw.	0:18:33	0:18:38
-They also use local slate.	0:18:38	0:18:40
-The message is we'll move forward -by going backwards.	0:18:40	0:18:44
-Wales should be proud -of this centre.	0:18:44	0:18:47
-It was built on the site -of the old Llwyngwern slate quarry.	0:18:48	0:18:52
-It was purchased -by Morgan-Grenville in 1974...	0:18:53	0:18:56
-..a year after the Green Party -was established.	0:18:56	0:19:00
-The green movement, arguably the -most important movement we have...	0:19:00	0:19:05
-..was embraced by the Welsh people.	0:19:05	0:19:08
-It's a very promising portent.	0:19:08	0:19:10
-We'll move forward -by going backwards, John?	0:19:13	0:19:16
-We're certainly -about to go back in time...	0:19:16	0:19:20
-..in Corris.	0:19:24	0:19:25
-This was an underground quarry.	0:19:43	0:19:45
-When these tunnels -were discovered...	0:19:45	0:19:48
-..they saw their potential -as a tourist attraction.	0:19:48	0:19:52
-That's how King Arthur's Labyrinth -was created.	0:19:53	0:19:56
-King Arthur is down there, -poised to awaken from his slumber...	0:19:56	0:20:01
-..to lead the people of Wales -to victory.	0:20:01	0:20:04
-That's Excalibur, -King Arthur's sword.	0:20:08	0:20:11
-Caledfwlch, in Welsh.	0:20:12	0:20:13
-I never thought I'd have a chance -to correct your Welsh, John!	0:20:13	0:20:18
-The Llynfi Valley must be better -than the Rhondda Valley!	0:20:19	0:20:23
-I must admit, -this is a bit of a hoot!	0:20:31	0:20:33
-It's fanciful, but it's the product -of a great imagination.	0:20:34	0:20:38
-They've been quite inventive.	0:20:39	0:20:42
-Seeing Excalibur sink into the lake -was a very striking sight.	0:20:44	0:20:48
-That was -a very enjoyable experience.	0:20:51	0:20:54
-Tabernacle chapel...	0:20:58	0:20:59
-..is one of Machynlleth's -most interesting buildings.	0:21:00	0:21:04
-It is now the home -of the Museum of Modern Art Wales.	0:21:04	0:21:07
-You can see that Machynlleth -is a hub of the ecological movement.	0:21:12	0:21:17
-There's an Aga shop here.	0:21:17	0:21:19
-The Aga is a splendid symbol -of clean country living.	0:21:20	0:21:24
-The crop of wholefood shops -are here to cater...	0:21:25	0:21:29
-..for the army of lovey Dyfis -who have made this area...	0:21:30	0:21:33
-..one of the green movement's -main centres.	0:21:34	0:21:37
-Almost all of them -have learnt Welsh, by the way.	0:21:37	0:21:42
-Our journey ends, very fittingly, -at Owain Glyndwr's Parliament House.	0:21:42	0:21:47
-Is there any evidence that this was -Glyndwr's parliament house?	0:21:52	0:21:57
-It seems certain that Owain -summoned a parliament here in 1404.	0:21:57	0:22:02
-He may also have been crowned -in Machynlleth.	0:22:02	0:22:06
-The roof structure suggests -this is a 15th century building.	0:22:08	0:22:13
-Tradition has linked this building -with Glyndwr's parliament...	0:22:13	0:22:19
-..and it was preserved -for that reason.	0:22:19	0:22:22
-That's why Machynlleth has a rare -example of a 15th century townhouse.	0:22:22	0:22:27
-There's nowhere like it in Wales.	0:22:28	0:22:31
-This is set to house -a new interpretation centre.	0:22:33	0:22:37
-We can come to the exhibition here -to learn all about the revolt.	0:22:37	0:22:41
-We can come here to learn about -the key locations of the revolt...	0:22:42	0:22:46
-..and to learn how important -Machynlleth was to Owain Glyndwr.	0:22:46	0:22:51
-I look forward to it.	0:22:51	0:22:53
-S4C subtitles by Eirlys A Jones	0:23:14	0:23:17

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