Browse content similar to Gohebwyr: John Hardy. Check below for episodes and series from the same categories and more!
Line | From | To | |
---|---|---|---|
-* | 0:00:00 | 0:00:00 | |
-* - -* | 0:00:00 | 0:00:00 | |
-I've been waiting 50 years... | 0:00:00 | 0:00:02 | |
-..for my father to tell his story. | 0:00:02 | 0:00:05 | |
-I have two children, -a granddaughter and a grandson. | 0:00:06 | 0:00:09 | |
-They won't have to wait 50 years -to hear their grandfather's story. | 0:00:10 | 0:00:15 | |
-I haven't -spoken about the war before. | 0:00:15 | 0:00:18 | |
-I didn't think -I had a story worth telling. | 0:00:19 | 0:00:21 | |
-I want to lift the lid -on what happened in Korea. | 0:00:22 | 0:00:26 | |
-It's the forgotten war. | 0:00:26 | 0:00:28 | |
-I want to know -what role my father played... | 0:00:28 | 0:00:31 | |
-..and hear -the experiences of others... | 0:00:31 | 0:00:34 | |
-..before they're lost forever. | 0:00:34 | 0:00:36 | |
-There are some memories -that you lock away. | 0:00:38 | 0:00:41 | |
-You don't -want to be reminded of them. | 0:00:41 | 0:00:44 | |
-When you see people -being killed and mutilated... | 0:00:44 | 0:00:48 | |
-..it's not nice at all. | 0:00:48 | 0:00:51 | |
-The soldiers were conscripts. | 0:00:56 | 0:00:58 | |
-They hadn't chosen to be in a war -on the other side of the world... | 0:00:59 | 0:01:04 | |
-..experiencing -the worst horrors imaginable. | 0:01:04 | 0:01:08 | |
-We had a sergeant, -who was a real soldier. | 0:01:10 | 0:01:13 | |
-He told me, "Never believe that the -brave don't cry. That's rubbish." | 0:01:13 | 0:01:19 | |
-At night when I'm asleep, -I see the faces of the men I killed. | 0:01:20 | 0:01:26 | |
-It's still very difficult -to stop the nightmares. | 0:01:26 | 0:01:29 | |
-He was going to kill you -unless you killed him first. | 0:01:33 | 0:01:36 | |
-The years have gone by. | 0:01:38 | 0:01:41 | |
-Between 1950-1953... | 0:01:42 | 0:01:44 | |
-..nearly 100,000 British soldiers -fought in the Korean War. | 0:01:45 | 0:01:49 | |
-A war between two cultures -and two visions of the world. | 0:01:49 | 0:01:52 | |
-60 years on from the armistice... | 0:01:53 | 0:01:55 | |
-..tensions between South and -North Korea are still as palpable. | 0:01:55 | 0:02:00 | |
-It was a war -that scarred a generation of men. | 0:02:00 | 0:02:03 | |
-My father for one, among -a multitude of Welshmen and Koreans. | 0:02:03 | 0:02:07 | |
-Many of us have lost relatives. | 0:02:08 | 0:02:11 | |
-But once -the link in the chain has gone... | 0:02:11 | 0:02:16 | |
-..we regret -not having asked more questions. | 0:02:16 | 0:02:19 | |
-If you don't ask... | 0:02:20 | 0:02:21 | |
-..you'll never know -and one day it'll be too late. | 0:02:22 | 0:02:25 | |
-My father's initial reaction on -hearing I was going to Korea was... | 0:02:32 | 0:02:36 | |
-.."There are -better stories than mine." | 0:02:36 | 0:02:39 | |
-We, as brothers, were -more aware of the Vietnam War... | 0:02:40 | 0:02:43 | |
-..because it was happening -when we were growing up. | 0:02:44 | 0:02:47 | |
-Then suddenly, -we started asking questions... | 0:02:47 | 0:02:51 | |
-..about what happened in Korea, Dad? | 0:02:51 | 0:02:54 | |
-He told us very little. | 0:02:54 | 0:02:56 | |
-It's only recently, -after pressing him... | 0:02:56 | 0:03:00 | |
-..that he's willing -to reveal his experiences. | 0:03:00 | 0:03:03 | |
-As a reporter... | 0:03:04 | 0:03:06 | |
-..I almost feel it's my duty... | 0:03:06 | 0:03:08 | |
-..to learn more. | 0:03:08 | 0:03:10 | |
-Often if it's in the family, -the closer you are to it... | 0:03:12 | 0:03:16 | |
-..the less you pry. | 0:03:16 | 0:03:18 | |
-Did I -talk about it to my own family? | 0:03:19 | 0:03:22 | |
-I don't think on the whole -that I did. | 0:03:22 | 0:03:24 | |
-Generations -are not interested, are they? | 0:03:25 | 0:03:28 | |
-We all wish we'd spoken more. | 0:03:28 | 0:03:31 | |
-My father's from Manchester... | 0:03:33 | 0:03:35 | |
-..and his work has taken him -to the four corners of the world. | 0:03:36 | 0:03:39 | |
-He was a member -of the Nobel-prize-winning team... | 0:03:39 | 0:03:42 | |
-..for the first ever -kidney transplant... | 0:03:42 | 0:03:45 | |
-..which took us to America -for a time. | 0:03:46 | 0:03:48 | |
-He doesn't talk about it, -neither does he talk about Korea. | 0:03:48 | 0:03:52 | |
-Like all young men -of his generation... | 0:03:52 | 0:03:55 | |
-..he had to do national service. | 0:03:55 | 0:03:58 | |
-He was Chief Medical Officer -aboard Dunera troopship. | 0:03:58 | 0:04:02 | |
-It was a big decision -since my parents were newlyweds... | 0:04:03 | 0:04:06 | |
-..and my brother Dafydd -was just a baby. | 0:04:06 | 0:04:10 | |
-Your mother made the classic remark. | 0:04:10 | 0:04:12 | |
-"You go to Korea -and I'll go home to my mother." | 0:04:12 | 0:04:15 | |
-Not many women would say that. | 0:04:15 | 0:04:18 | |
-I could never let her down -after she let me go. | 0:04:18 | 0:04:21 | |
-His predecessor was a Catholic. | 0:04:21 | 0:04:24 | |
-Part of the role -was to educate people... | 0:04:24 | 0:04:27 | |
-..about -sexually-transmitted diseases. | 0:04:27 | 0:04:30 | |
-It involved handing out condoms, -which he refused to do. | 0:04:30 | 0:04:34 | |
-Worse than that, -he threw 10,000 condoms overboard. | 0:04:35 | 0:04:38 | |
-It meant none of the soldiers had -shore leave for the whole voyage. | 0:04:39 | 0:04:43 | |
-My father became his successor. | 0:04:44 | 0:04:46 | |
-There were all sorts of diseases. | 0:04:46 | 0:04:49 | |
-Sexually-transmitted diseases were -treated on the way there and back. | 0:04:49 | 0:04:54 | |
-Men with physical -and psychological wounds. | 0:04:54 | 0:04:57 | |
-It was a huge responsibility -for a 25-year-old. | 0:04:57 | 0:05:00 | |
-I was confident -and looking forward to going there. | 0:05:01 | 0:05:05 | |
-I was a little bit apprehensive -about all the responsibility. | 0:05:05 | 0:05:10 | |
-It was a huge responsibility. | 0:05:10 | 0:05:13 | |
-I was looking forward -to visiting the Far East. | 0:05:13 | 0:05:16 | |
-I'd never been further than Spain. | 0:05:17 | 0:05:19 | |
-At that age, -we were looking for experience. | 0:05:19 | 0:05:23 | |
-It made a man out of me. | 0:05:23 | 0:05:26 | |
-The Dunera transported soldiers back -and forth from Britain to Korea... | 0:05:26 | 0:05:32 | |
-..but on the voyages home, -he would've encountered men... | 0:05:32 | 0:05:36 | |
-..who had been mentally -and physically scarred by the war. | 0:05:36 | 0:05:40 | |
-One detail about one of -those journeys has stuck in my mind. | 0:05:41 | 0:05:45 | |
-I was called about 3.00am. | 0:05:46 | 0:05:48 | |
-Something terrible had gone on the -F4 troop deck at the ship's bottom. | 0:05:49 | 0:05:53 | |
-In the toilet was this body -who was bleeding to death. | 0:05:54 | 0:05:58 | |
-We were unsure -if it was suicide or murder. | 0:05:58 | 0:06:01 | |
-I want to find out more about -what happened to that young man... | 0:06:06 | 0:06:10 | |
-..and the thousands of soldiers -who fought in Korea's forgotten war. | 0:06:10 | 0:06:15 | |
-I've wanted to visit Korea... | 0:06:15 | 0:06:18 | |
-..to put my father's experiences -into context. | 0:06:18 | 0:06:22 | |
-I want to discover why they fought, -where they fought... | 0:06:22 | 0:06:26 | |
-..and to see -if people still remember. | 0:06:26 | 0:06:29 | |
-60 years have passed. | 0:06:29 | 0:06:32 | |
-Do they, unlike my father, -share their memories? | 0:06:32 | 0:06:36 | |
-What's important to me -is to get the full picture. | 0:06:36 | 0:06:41 | |
-As a reporter, you tend to get -one side of the story. | 0:06:41 | 0:06:45 | |
-But it's important to give -the other side of the story too. | 0:06:45 | 0:06:48 | |
-Korea's more or less disappeared -from public consciousness. | 0:06:52 | 0:06:56 | |
-But it shouldn't be because -it was an important war... | 0:06:57 | 0:07:01 | |
-..at a crucial time in history - -the beginning of the Cold War. | 0:07:01 | 0:07:06 | |
-It was the first war -Britain had fought since WWII. | 0:07:06 | 0:07:09 | |
-It provided the platform -for the ensuing Cold War... | 0:07:10 | 0:07:13 | |
-..which lasted decades. | 0:07:13 | 0:07:15 | |
-At the end of WWII, Korea, -like many European countries... | 0:07:19 | 0:07:22 | |
-..was split in two. | 0:07:22 | 0:07:24 | |
-A straight line -was drawn along Parallel 38. | 0:07:24 | 0:07:27 | |
-To the north, a country under -the influence of Soviet communism. | 0:07:27 | 0:07:32 | |
-To the south, a capitalist country -under the influence of America. | 0:07:32 | 0:07:37 | |
-Since then, both countries -have followed very different paths. | 0:07:37 | 0:07:41 | |
-Here at the border, -tensions are plain to see. | 0:07:41 | 0:07:44 | |
-The relationship between -the two countries remains fragile. | 0:07:45 | 0:07:48 | |
-Look at the border for a moment, -or rather listen. | 0:07:51 | 0:07:54 | |
-All you hear is birdsong. | 0:07:55 | 0:07:57 | |
-But look again -and you see barbed wire... | 0:07:58 | 0:08:00 | |
-..and soldiers -separating two warring countries. | 0:08:01 | 0:08:05 | |
-In the middle, -nature has recaptured... | 0:08:05 | 0:08:08 | |
-..the world's most militant border. | 0:08:09 | 0:08:12 | |
-I'm not a sentimental person... | 0:08:12 | 0:08:15 | |
-..but I'm moved by this sight. | 0:08:15 | 0:08:18 | |
-Situated less than an hour away -from the border... | 0:08:21 | 0:08:25 | |
-..is Seoul, -the capital of South Korea. | 0:08:25 | 0:08:28 | |
-On 25 June 1950... | 0:08:28 | 0:08:31 | |
-..the Russian-armed -North Korean army... | 0:08:31 | 0:08:34 | |
-..crossed Parallel 38. | 0:08:34 | 0:08:36 | |
-Within four days, they captured -the capital and were pushing south. | 0:08:37 | 0:08:41 | |
-For America, it was a perfect -opportunity to bare its teeth... | 0:08:41 | 0:08:46 | |
-..in the face of Communism. | 0:08:46 | 0:08:48 | |
-Today Seoul is a prominent, -modern city that's been transformed. | 0:08:53 | 0:08:57 | |
-Soo Jeong Kim, -my interpreter on the journey... | 0:08:58 | 0:09:01 | |
-..was raised in the suburbs... | 0:09:01 | 0:09:03 | |
-..and is familiar with life -in the shadow of the North. | 0:09:03 | 0:09:06 | |
-That is part of our life. | 0:09:07 | 0:09:10 | |
-History is so important... | 0:09:11 | 0:09:13 | |
-..and the Korean War -is a big part of Korean history. | 0:09:13 | 0:09:16 | |
-The Korean war changed everything. | 0:09:17 | 0:09:20 | |
-It's all threatened by North Korea. | 0:09:20 | 0:09:23 | |
-That is the reality. | 0:09:23 | 0:09:25 | |
-But Korean people -have got used to it. | 0:09:25 | 0:09:28 | |
-We live in Seoul. It's only -60km away from the border. | 0:09:28 | 0:09:33 | |
-We are not allowed to go to North -Korea or meet North Korean people. | 0:09:33 | 0:09:38 | |
-We feel cut off. | 0:09:38 | 0:09:40 | |
-Do you feel that one day -Korea will be one nation? | 0:09:40 | 0:09:44 | |
-I hope so. I really hope so. | 0:09:44 | 0:09:46 | |
-If we see some kind of programme -about North Korea and South Korea... | 0:09:47 | 0:09:51 | |
-..lots of people cry. | 0:09:52 | 0:09:53 | |
-People still have family -in North Korea. | 0:09:54 | 0:09:57 | |
-A border is a really important -thing. You can't travel very easily. | 0:09:57 | 0:10:03 | |
-What's your ambition? | 0:10:04 | 0:10:05 | |
-What's your ambition? - -One day I can go to North Korea... | 0:10:05 | 0:10:07 | |
-..on foot or bicycle or train. | 0:10:08 | 0:10:10 | |
-And through North Korea -I can visit China and Russia. | 0:10:10 | 0:10:14 | |
-And I can -go to Europe by train from Seoul. | 0:10:15 | 0:10:19 | |
-Europe by train is your ambition? -It's a long journey. | 0:10:19 | 0:10:23 | |
-Yes, but I'm looking forward to it. | 0:10:23 | 0:10:26 | |
-One thing is obvious - -the people of Korea remember. | 0:10:26 | 0:10:31 | |
-I can't say that's true -of people in the West. | 0:10:32 | 0:10:35 | |
-People were being killed. | 0:10:35 | 0:10:37 | |
-People were brave. -There were heroes in Korea. | 0:10:37 | 0:10:42 | |
-Why should -their contribution be forgotten? | 0:10:44 | 0:10:47 | |
-The Korean War continues to be -an uncomfortable memory for many... | 0:10:52 | 0:10:58 | |
-..because there was no end. | 0:10:59 | 0:11:01 | |
-There's no certainty -over what was achieved in Korea. | 0:11:04 | 0:11:08 | |
-Why were -all those soldiers killed... | 0:11:08 | 0:11:10 | |
-..when, after three years, -the borders remained the same? | 0:11:11 | 0:11:15 | |
-They remain in place to this day. | 0:11:15 | 0:11:18 | |
-Regardless of the debate -surrounding the war's validity... | 0:11:25 | 0:11:29 | |
-..what strikes you as you walk among -the gravestones is the loss of life. | 0:11:30 | 0:11:34 | |
-Britain lost -more than 1,000 of its soldiers. | 0:11:34 | 0:11:37 | |
-South Korea -lost a million of its people. | 0:11:37 | 0:11:40 | |
-There are signs of the South -Koreans' respect for their elders... | 0:11:40 | 0:11:44 | |
-..throughout this country. | 0:11:45 | 0:11:46 | |
-Mam always used to say -that every wound heals... | 0:11:47 | 0:11:50 | |
-..but the scar remains -as proof of the suffering. | 0:11:51 | 0:11:54 | |
-Headstones -are indications of the dead. | 0:11:54 | 0:11:58 | |
-A record of the sacrifice. | 0:11:58 | 0:12:00 | |
-But they're also testament -to the futility of war. | 0:12:00 | 0:12:04 | |
-Other witnesses of the war -are the veterans who survived. | 0:12:05 | 0:12:10 | |
-I'm sure their memories -and mental scars... | 0:12:10 | 0:12:13 | |
-..are still painful to bear and raw. | 0:12:14 | 0:12:18 | |
-From where do you come? | 0:12:19 | 0:12:21 | |
-SHE SPEAKS KOREAN | 0:12:22 | 0:12:23 | |
-North Korea. | 0:12:24 | 0:12:27 | |
-North Korea? | 0:12:27 | 0:12:28 | |
-North Korea? - -Were you in the North Korean army? | 0:12:28 | 0:12:30 | |
-No, I escaped from North Korea and -fought for the army of the South... | 0:12:30 | 0:12:35 | |
-..leaving my family -and everything behind. | 0:12:35 | 0:12:38 | |
-I'm all alone here in South Korea. | 0:12:38 | 0:12:41 | |
-You have not seen your family -since the Korean War? | 0:12:41 | 0:12:44 | |
-Because I now live in the South, in -the eyes of the North I'm a traitor. | 0:12:45 | 0:12:49 | |
-There's no way -I'll see my family again. | 0:12:49 | 0:12:53 | |
-He'll never see his family at home. | 0:12:53 | 0:12:56 | |
-How many did he leave behind? | 0:12:57 | 0:12:59 | |
-My grandmother, my parents and -five brothers. Eight of us in all. | 0:13:00 | 0:13:07 | |
-Because I was considered a traitor, -my family was sent to a prison camp. | 0:13:09 | 0:13:16 | |
-My Chinese friend went back to look -for them but there was no-one left. | 0:13:16 | 0:13:22 | |
-I often go to the summit of Mount -Kimpo to see my old village. | 0:13:22 | 0:13:30 | |
-How do you feel about that? | 0:13:31 | 0:13:33 | |
-HE SPEAKS KOREAN | 0:13:33 | 0:13:35 | |
-I can't say anything. | 0:13:40 | 0:13:42 | |
-I'm very sad because you are -asking that kind of question. | 0:13:42 | 0:13:46 | |
-It's sad and awful. | 0:13:47 | 0:13:50 | |
-You came down and know nothing -about your family afterwards. | 0:13:52 | 0:13:57 | |
-Talking to you -brings back those memories. | 0:13:57 | 0:14:01 | |
-You come from a large family and you -don't know what's happened to them. | 0:14:02 | 0:14:07 | |
-There's no hope -of seeing my family again. | 0:14:11 | 0:14:15 | |
-My parents -would be over 100 years old. | 0:14:15 | 0:14:18 | |
-My brothers and sisters -would be in their eighties. | 0:14:18 | 0:14:26 | |
-I suspect -they have all been killed by now. | 0:14:26 | 0:14:31 | |
-Seeing him cry was awful. | 0:14:32 | 0:14:35 | |
-65 years later -and he still doesn't know... | 0:14:35 | 0:14:39 | |
-..what happened to his mother, -father and brothers... | 0:14:39 | 0:14:43 | |
-..because this barbed wire border -still exists. | 0:14:43 | 0:14:49 | |
-He's had to carry on all alone. | 0:14:49 | 0:14:51 | |
-I'm lucky. | 0:14:55 | 0:14:57 | |
-I can come here -and trace my father's story... | 0:14:57 | 0:15:00 | |
-..and his association -with this country... | 0:15:00 | 0:15:03 | |
-..and I can pass it on to my family. | 0:15:03 | 0:15:06 | |
-My father was also lucky. | 0:15:06 | 0:15:08 | |
-Yes, he saw atrocities, but from -the relative safety of the Dunera. | 0:15:08 | 0:15:14 | |
-What struck me -from talking to the veterans... | 0:15:14 | 0:15:18 | |
-..is that their scars -are still as painful as ever. | 0:15:18 | 0:15:21 | |
-. | 0:15:23 | 0:15:24 | |
-Subtitles | 0:15:25 | 0:15:25 | |
-Subtitles - -Subtitles | 0:15:25 | 0:15:27 | |
-Britain lost -1,009 of its soldiers... | 0:15:32 | 0:15:35 | |
-..in the Korean War. | 0:15:35 | 0:15:37 | |
-Many more suffered -the after-effects for years later. | 0:15:38 | 0:15:41 | |
-But the war has been forgotten... | 0:15:43 | 0:15:45 | |
-..and so too -the soldiers' experiences. | 0:15:45 | 0:15:48 | |
-In terms of -my father's time in Korea... | 0:15:48 | 0:15:51 | |
-..he doesn't feel like -he contributed much... | 0:15:51 | 0:15:54 | |
-..since he barely set foot on land. | 0:15:54 | 0:15:56 | |
-He was mostly at sea and has never -received a medal for his service. | 0:15:57 | 0:16:01 | |
-He felt a sense of guilt -that he wasn't fighting in Korea. | 0:16:02 | 0:16:06 | |
-In a matter of weeks, the armies -of the South were pushed down... | 0:16:10 | 0:16:15 | |
-..to a small area in the southeast, -where a perimeter was formed. | 0:16:15 | 0:16:19 | |
-The US thought the only way -of solving the problem... | 0:16:20 | 0:16:23 | |
-..and saving the South was by -deploying thousands of its soldiers. | 0:16:23 | 0:16:28 | |
-But within a matter of weeks... | 0:16:28 | 0:16:30 | |
-..the numbers rose from tens of -thousands to hundreds of thousands. | 0:16:31 | 0:16:36 | |
-They needed more support, so -they went to the United Nations... | 0:16:36 | 0:16:41 | |
-..which was new at the time, -to seek that support. | 0:16:41 | 0:16:44 | |
-Britain was one of the first -to join the United Nations' forces. | 0:16:45 | 0:16:50 | |
-The majority of the British Army -were young conscripts... | 0:16:50 | 0:16:54 | |
-..who hadn't chosen to join -the armed forces and go to a war... | 0:16:54 | 0:16:59 | |
-..on the other side of the world. | 0:16:59 | 0:17:01 | |
-When they landed in the port of -Busan, they ensured the Americans... | 0:17:02 | 0:17:06 | |
-..knew they had arrived. | 0:17:07 | 0:17:10 | |
-We were travelling -on the train from Busan... | 0:17:10 | 0:17:13 | |
-..where there was an American camp -and a banner with the slogan... | 0:17:14 | 0:17:18 | |
-.."We are second to none." | 0:17:19 | 0:17:21 | |
-We were travelling along... | 0:17:22 | 0:17:24 | |
-..and on the way, we came to -the Royal Engineers' camp. | 0:17:24 | 0:17:28 | |
-They were British soldiers. | 0:17:28 | 0:17:30 | |
-They'd put up a banner -with the warning, "We are none." | 0:17:30 | 0:17:34 | |
-That encapsulated the sentiment, -I think. | 0:17:34 | 0:17:38 | |
-As the South's troops and allies -drive forwards to the north... | 0:17:41 | 0:17:44 | |
-..all the way up -to the Chinese border... | 0:17:45 | 0:17:48 | |
-..China drives in -around Christmas 1950... | 0:17:48 | 0:17:51 | |
-..to bolster -the armies of North Korea. | 0:17:52 | 0:17:55 | |
-Within days, the US army, along -with its allies, are overpowered. | 0:17:55 | 0:18:00 | |
-They're forced back down to the -38th Parallel, about halfway down... | 0:18:00 | 0:18:04 | |
-..where the war stagnates. | 0:18:05 | 0:18:07 | |
-British troops were deployed -to strengthen the front line... | 0:18:08 | 0:18:12 | |
-..which stretched over 250km. | 0:18:13 | 0:18:15 | |
-Many of them were stationed -on the Dunera with my father. | 0:18:15 | 0:18:19 | |
-It was very exciting -for men of that age. | 0:18:19 | 0:18:23 | |
-I knew plenty of lads -who wanted to go abroad. | 0:18:23 | 0:18:27 | |
-But we wanted to fish or do a bit of -gardening. We didn't want to fight! | 0:18:28 | 0:18:33 | |
-Korea was nothing to do with us. | 0:18:34 | 0:18:38 | |
-The first time -I met the battery sergeant major... | 0:18:38 | 0:18:41 | |
-..he said, -"If you were in the American Army... | 0:18:41 | 0:18:44 | |
-"..you'd be told that you were here -fighting for democracy and freedom. | 0:18:45 | 0:18:49 | |
-"Rubbish. You're here -because it's your hard luck." | 0:18:49 | 0:18:52 | |
-I've arranged to meet Dafydd Mali -from Y Felinheli... | 0:18:52 | 0:18:56 | |
-..who's married a Korean lady and -now lectures at Busan University. | 0:18:56 | 0:19:01 | |
-I haven't seen him in years. | 0:19:02 | 0:19:03 | |
-My father worked with his mother. | 0:19:04 | 0:19:06 | |
-Dr Mali was our GP in Bangor. | 0:19:06 | 0:19:09 | |
-It's obvious who your parents are. | 0:19:10 | 0:19:13 | |
-It's been a long time. | 0:19:13 | 0:19:15 | |
-Are you alright? | 0:19:15 | 0:19:16 | |
-Are you alright? - -I'm good. Welcome to Busan. | 0:19:16 | 0:19:19 | |
-I'm looking forward -to showing you around. | 0:19:19 | 0:19:22 | |
-Compared to modern day... | 0:19:29 | 0:19:31 | |
-..what kind of place -would Busan have been in 1953? | 0:19:31 | 0:19:35 | |
-When Uncle Ken came here, -there was nothing here. | 0:19:35 | 0:19:39 | |
-The port was here -and the army was here. | 0:19:39 | 0:19:42 | |
-People fled here from the North. | 0:19:42 | 0:19:44 | |
-All Uncle Ken remembers is a shanty -town full of wooden huts and tents. | 0:19:44 | 0:19:50 | |
-The only place that was established -was an area where the soldiers went. | 0:19:50 | 0:19:55 | |
-A trading area, -a red-light district and the port. | 0:19:55 | 0:19:59 | |
-It's incredible to think how much -this place has changed in 60 years. | 0:19:59 | 0:20:04 | |
-But are they constantly -living in fear of the North? | 0:20:04 | 0:20:07 | |
-In Korea, they think everything -can be taken away in an instant. | 0:20:08 | 0:20:11 | |
-In the back of their minds, they -know a war could break out any time. | 0:20:12 | 0:20:16 | |
-The association between -my father and Dafydd is odd... | 0:20:16 | 0:20:20 | |
-..because Dafydd has spent more time -discussing Korea with my father... | 0:20:20 | 0:20:25 | |
-..than I have, mainly because -he lives in Busan. | 0:20:25 | 0:20:28 | |
-But maybe also -because he interrogated him. | 0:20:29 | 0:20:32 | |
-I'm meant to be a reporter but we -never ask questions in our family. | 0:20:33 | 0:20:38 | |
-It was from this port that they -would transport soldiers home... | 0:20:38 | 0:20:43 | |
-..following the armistice of 1953. | 0:20:43 | 0:20:46 | |
-On one of those voyages, my father's -ship was filled with soldiers... | 0:20:46 | 0:20:50 | |
-..from -the Gloucestershire Regiment... | 0:20:50 | 0:20:52 | |
-..famed for its bravery -during the Korean War. | 0:20:52 | 0:20:56 | |
-We were coming back home -and we just sailed passed Gibraltar. | 0:20:57 | 0:21:02 | |
-My staff sergeant woke me up in -the middle of the night and said... | 0:21:03 | 0:21:07 | |
-.."There's a dreadful injury -to somebody on F4 troop deck." | 0:21:07 | 0:21:11 | |
-It was right down -in the bowels of the boat. | 0:21:11 | 0:21:14 | |
-A stinking, dark -and unpleasant place. | 0:21:15 | 0:21:18 | |
-So we went down there. | 0:21:18 | 0:21:20 | |
-We arrived in a toilet. | 0:21:20 | 0:21:23 | |
-The body -was slumped over the seat... | 0:21:23 | 0:21:26 | |
-..and there were -gallons of blood everywhere. | 0:21:26 | 0:21:30 | |
-There were three or four inches -of blood in this lavatory pan. | 0:21:30 | 0:21:35 | |
-I put my hand -into the bottom to see... | 0:21:35 | 0:21:39 | |
-..and there was a razorblade. | 0:21:40 | 0:21:42 | |
-So it was then murder or suicide. | 0:21:43 | 0:21:47 | |
-I wasn't sure which. | 0:21:48 | 0:21:50 | |
-On his right hand -there were slivers of skin... | 0:21:50 | 0:21:55 | |
-..as if he'd been holding -a razorblade in his hand like that. | 0:21:55 | 0:21:58 | |
-I'd never seen anything like this. | 0:21:59 | 0:22:01 | |
-I got stiff cardboard... | 0:22:01 | 0:22:04 | |
-..and I spent -several hours cutting it up. | 0:22:05 | 0:22:07 | |
-It was the same consistency -as the cartilage. | 0:22:08 | 0:22:11 | |
-I was seeing -if I could hold a razorblade... | 0:22:11 | 0:22:14 | |
-..and cut this -without cutting my fingers. | 0:22:15 | 0:22:17 | |
-And I couldn't. -So I was convinced it was suicide. | 0:22:18 | 0:22:21 | |
-The captain wanted -to bury the body at sea... | 0:22:22 | 0:22:26 | |
-..but it was decided -that they must keep it. | 0:22:26 | 0:22:29 | |
-If I put him over the side, -I've lost my evidence. | 0:22:29 | 0:22:34 | |
-The problem was we had all the press -waiting in Southampton for a story. | 0:22:34 | 0:22:39 | |
-The press would've loved this. | 0:22:40 | 0:22:42 | |
-Murder hidden by the army at sea. | 0:22:42 | 0:22:45 | |
-A post-mortem was required, so Dad -hid the body in the ice-cream store. | 0:22:45 | 0:22:50 | |
-To quell any rumours of foul play... | 0:22:52 | 0:22:54 | |
-..the authorities -were waiting for the Dunera. | 0:22:54 | 0:22:58 | |
-I signed the forms -but all I wanted was to go home. | 0:22:58 | 0:23:02 | |
-Since that day in October 1953, my -father has heard no more about it. | 0:23:02 | 0:23:07 | |
-Apparently, the body -of Lance Corporal Kenneth Newby... | 0:23:07 | 0:23:11 | |
-..of the Gloucestershire Regiment -was one of only two soldiers... | 0:23:11 | 0:23:15 | |
-..who had died during the Korean War -to have been buried in Britain. | 0:23:15 | 0:23:20 | |
-The cemetery in Busan is the world's -only United Nations' Cemetery. | 0:23:26 | 0:23:31 | |
-885 of our servicemen -are buried under foreign soil. | 0:23:31 | 0:23:37 | |
-More than 1,000 British soldiers -died, with 200 missing in action... | 0:23:39 | 0:23:44 | |
-..and thousands more wounded. | 0:23:44 | 0:23:48 | |
-Walking around this cemetery and -reading where people were from... | 0:23:50 | 0:23:55 | |
-..in which battalion they were in -and their names... | 0:23:55 | 0:23:59 | |
-..and at the bottom -it says their age. | 0:23:59 | 0:24:02 | |
-19, 18... | 0:24:02 | 0:24:04 | |
-..the youngest was 17. | 0:24:04 | 0:24:06 | |
-Many of them -hadn't lived their lives. | 0:24:06 | 0:24:09 | |
-Seeing photographs -of these young men... | 0:24:09 | 0:24:12 | |
-..frozen in time, knowing they -won't grow old, is heart-breaking. | 0:24:13 | 0:24:18 | |
-Each of those was a decade younger -than my two sons. | 0:24:19 | 0:24:23 | |
-I can't imagine being a parent -receiving the news... | 0:24:26 | 0:24:29 | |
-..that your son has died -in some faraway country. | 0:24:30 | 0:24:33 | |
-I was shot in my shoulder. | 0:24:36 | 0:24:40 | |
-I had a bayonet wound in my stomach. | 0:24:40 | 0:24:43 | |
-I was bleeding so much, -I kept thinking about my mother. | 0:24:43 | 0:24:47 | |
-When I left home, -my father said to me... | 0:24:48 | 0:24:51 | |
-.."If you're wounded... | 0:24:52 | 0:24:54 | |
-.."hit yourself so hard -that you cry." | 0:24:54 | 0:24:58 | |
-"Why's that?" I said. | 0:24:58 | 0:25:00 | |
-He said, -"To rid your body of the shock." | 0:25:01 | 0:25:03 | |
-My mother received a telegram -through the post. | 0:25:04 | 0:25:08 | |
-She started to cry and ran out. | 0:25:08 | 0:25:11 | |
-She read the first line - "Regret -to inform you of report received... | 0:25:12 | 0:25:16 | |
-"..from military authorities..." -It finished her off. | 0:25:16 | 0:25:20 | |
-She ran off and they found her -sobbing at the front gate. | 0:25:20 | 0:25:24 | |
-My father picked up the telegram -and went after her. | 0:25:24 | 0:25:28 | |
-He said, "No, he's been wounded." | 0:25:28 | 0:25:31 | |
-That's how mothers are! | 0:25:32 | 0:25:34 | |
-Meirion was a member of the -Welsh regiment that went to Korea... | 0:25:36 | 0:25:40 | |
-..to relieve the Glosters. | 0:25:41 | 0:25:43 | |
-But what happened -to the Glosters and Kenneth Newby? | 0:25:43 | 0:25:46 | |
-What caused him to commit suicide... | 0:25:47 | 0:25:49 | |
-..when he was -on his way home to his family? | 0:25:49 | 0:25:52 | |
-. | 0:25:55 | 0:25:56 | |
-Subtitles | 0:25:56 | 0:25:56 | |
-Subtitles - -Subtitles | 0:25:56 | 0:25:58 | |
-60 years on from the armistice, it's -hard to believe the war is over. | 0:26:03 | 0:26:07 | |
-Today, a four-kilometre-wide -perimeter separates both countries. | 0:26:08 | 0:26:13 | |
-No Man's Land. The official border -runs through the centre. | 0:26:13 | 0:26:16 | |
-This is the Demilitarized Zone, -regulated by the United Nations. | 0:26:17 | 0:26:22 | |
-This morning -we're visiting Panmunjom... | 0:26:24 | 0:26:27 | |
-..where the -Joint Security Area is located... | 0:26:27 | 0:26:31 | |
-..and where -the armistice was signed in 1953. | 0:26:31 | 0:26:34 | |
-This is the only place... | 0:26:34 | 0:26:36 | |
-..where North and South -meet face to face. | 0:26:36 | 0:26:39 | |
-They say this is the most -dangerous border in the world... | 0:26:40 | 0:26:44 | |
-..and I can well believe it. | 0:26:44 | 0:26:47 | |
-Moving closer to the border -is looking doubtful... | 0:26:47 | 0:26:51 | |
-..since there has been -gunfire all week. | 0:26:51 | 0:26:53 | |
-We still don't know -if we can go there. | 0:26:54 | 0:26:56 | |
-There has been gunfire -as recent as this afternoon. | 0:26:56 | 0:27:01 | |
-OK. Alright. | 0:27:07 | 0:27:08 | |
-It's not looking good. | 0:27:09 | 0:27:11 | |
-They've told us -we can't go in there. | 0:27:11 | 0:27:14 | |
-In light of the gunfire, it's -currently unsafe to go in there. | 0:27:14 | 0:27:20 | |
-They haven't told us either -if we can go there next week. | 0:27:20 | 0:27:24 | |
-There's no certainty at all. | 0:27:24 | 0:27:26 | |
-We won't be -going in there any time soon. | 0:27:27 | 0:27:29 | |
-I wanted to visit Punmanjong. | 0:27:30 | 0:27:32 | |
-I didn't want to see barbed wire, -I wanted to see North Korea. | 0:27:32 | 0:27:36 | |
-Going home without seeing it -wouldn't be a waste... | 0:27:36 | 0:27:40 | |
-..but I wouldn't be happy. | 0:27:40 | 0:27:42 | |
-Korea's a mountainous country. | 0:27:48 | 0:27:50 | |
-South of the border -is a chain of hills... | 0:27:50 | 0:27:53 | |
-..rising from the Imjin River. | 0:27:53 | 0:27:55 | |
-Securing the high ground -was crucial to defend Seoul. | 0:27:56 | 0:28:00 | |
-By 1951, this became the priority -of the United Nations' army. | 0:28:00 | 0:28:04 | |
-As well as facing the North Korean -and Chinese troops... | 0:28:05 | 0:28:08 | |
-..the British were battling against -harsh landscape in extreme weather. | 0:28:09 | 0:28:14 | |
-It's one of -the hottest places on earth... | 0:28:15 | 0:28:18 | |
-..but winter there is brutal. | 0:28:19 | 0:28:22 | |
-You had pyjamas, -long johns on top of that... | 0:28:22 | 0:28:25 | |
-..a smock on top of that... | 0:28:26 | 0:28:28 | |
-..and then -the proper uniform on top of that. | 0:28:28 | 0:28:31 | |
-It was that cold. | 0:28:31 | 0:28:33 | |
-A lad from Swansea -used to bring us tea. | 0:28:34 | 0:28:37 | |
-It was boiling hot. | 0:28:37 | 0:28:39 | |
-He'd put it down on the ground. | 0:28:40 | 0:28:43 | |
-By the time he'd gone to get a -sandwich, the tea had frozen solid! | 0:28:44 | 0:28:48 | |
-We'd venture into the mountains -and dig trenches... | 0:28:49 | 0:28:54 | |
-..where we'd find thousands -and thousands of Chinese bodies. | 0:28:54 | 0:28:59 | |
-It wasn't nice. No, indeed. | 0:28:59 | 0:29:03 | |
-We were plagued -by rats and mosquitos. | 0:29:03 | 0:29:06 | |
-Every night, the mosquitos -would cluster the British soldiers. | 0:29:06 | 0:29:11 | |
-They were bitten -and kept awake all night. | 0:29:11 | 0:29:16 | |
-When the bombs fell, -the Koreans would run for cover... | 0:29:16 | 0:29:20 | |
-..but the British were so brave, -they didn't flinch. | 0:29:21 | 0:29:26 | |
-We learnt a lot from them! | 0:29:26 | 0:29:29 | |
-Haemorrhagic fever -is what scared me. | 0:29:30 | 0:29:33 | |
-There were fleas -living on the rats... | 0:29:33 | 0:29:39 | |
-..and the fleas were responsible -for the haemorrhagic fever. | 0:29:39 | 0:29:43 | |
-The skin cracks and bleeds. | 0:29:44 | 0:29:46 | |
-Where we were stationed, -there was no hope of survival. | 0:29:46 | 0:29:50 | |
-The Chinese had dug-outs -which they used to hide in. | 0:29:51 | 0:29:55 | |
-Of, course, they came out... | 0:29:55 | 0:29:58 | |
-..and caught us. | 0:29:58 | 0:30:00 | |
-They started punching me -about the head, above my eyes. | 0:30:00 | 0:30:04 | |
-While this was happening, -I heard someone talking. | 0:30:04 | 0:30:08 | |
-This lad was saying... | 0:30:08 | 0:30:10 | |
-.."Mother, -put your arms around me... | 0:30:10 | 0:30:14 | |
-"..when I'm a prisoner." | 0:30:14 | 0:30:16 | |
-I thought, who can this be? | 0:30:16 | 0:30:18 | |
-He was an American. | 0:30:18 | 0:30:20 | |
-His family had been over in America -before the First World War... | 0:30:20 | 0:30:25 | |
-..and kept up the Welsh. | 0:30:25 | 0:30:27 | |
-He was beaten every day. | 0:30:27 | 0:30:29 | |
-"If more Chinese come here, -they will kill us all." | 0:30:29 | 0:30:34 | |
-I didn't know what to say. | 0:30:34 | 0:30:37 | |
-But as luck would have it we managed -to kill the two Chinese men... | 0:30:37 | 0:30:42 | |
-..and we got out of there. | 0:30:42 | 0:30:44 | |
-Of all the battles along the border, -the battle of the Imjin River... | 0:30:48 | 0:30:52 | |
-..has become a symbol -of British bravery in Korea. | 0:30:53 | 0:30:56 | |
-It was here that 650 soldiers -from the Gloucestershire Regiment... | 0:30:56 | 0:31:01 | |
-..made their famous stand -against 10,000 Chinese soldiers. | 0:31:01 | 0:31:06 | |
-On 22 April, the Chinese crossed -the Imjin, intent on reaching Seoul. | 0:31:09 | 0:31:14 | |
-Waiting for them -were the Glosters... | 0:31:14 | 0:31:17 | |
-..not that they had much hope. | 0:31:17 | 0:31:19 | |
-They had no help from the air, -they had no bullets. | 0:31:19 | 0:31:22 | |
-As the enemy pushed southwards... | 0:31:24 | 0:31:27 | |
-..the other British troops assisting -the Glosters were forced to flee. | 0:31:27 | 0:31:32 | |
-In the end, the Glosters -were surrounded on Hill 235. | 0:31:32 | 0:31:36 | |
-But they stood their ground -and battled till the end... | 0:31:36 | 0:31:40 | |
-..with only their bare fists. | 0:31:40 | 0:31:42 | |
-Attempts to save them -were in vain... | 0:31:42 | 0:31:45 | |
-..but the Chinese were merciless. | 0:31:46 | 0:31:48 | |
-I think -one of the Americans said... | 0:31:50 | 0:31:54 | |
-.."What the Glosters did -was give us breathing time." | 0:31:54 | 0:31:58 | |
-They managed to regroup -and form another front line... | 0:31:58 | 0:32:02 | |
-..and start pushing them forwards -once again. | 0:32:02 | 0:32:06 | |
-That's why they were so important. | 0:32:07 | 0:32:09 | |
-If the Chinese hadn't -been stalled by the Glosters... | 0:32:09 | 0:32:14 | |
-..South Korea would've fallen and -who knows what would've happened? | 0:32:15 | 0:32:19 | |
-The Glosters battled -for 80 hours, day and night. | 0:32:20 | 0:32:24 | |
-It was a bloodbath. | 0:32:24 | 0:32:26 | |
-622 of them were either dead... | 0:32:27 | 0:32:29 | |
-..wounded or taken prisoner. | 0:32:30 | 0:32:33 | |
-The prisoners were marched -200 miles to Chongsong... | 0:32:38 | 0:32:42 | |
-..one of North Korea's -most notorious prison camps. | 0:32:42 | 0:32:46 | |
-Among them was Kenneth Newby... | 0:32:46 | 0:32:48 | |
-..the man my father -found dead on board the Dunera. | 0:32:48 | 0:32:52 | |
-It's hard for us to imagine -their living conditions. | 0:32:52 | 0:32:56 | |
-No food, no sanitation. | 0:32:56 | 0:32:58 | |
-They also had to live with other -soldiers they thought were friends. | 0:32:58 | 0:33:03 | |
-They might've sold their stories -to get additional food. | 0:33:03 | 0:33:08 | |
-Dysentery, cholera. | 0:33:08 | 0:33:10 | |
-Everybody had head lice and scabies -- they were commonplace. | 0:33:10 | 0:33:14 | |
-So too were roundworms, -which entered the bloodstream... | 0:33:15 | 0:33:18 | |
-..and then into the lungs. | 0:33:19 | 0:33:21 | |
-The only way to get rid of them -was to cough them up. | 0:33:21 | 0:33:24 | |
-These are like fat worms coming -into your mouth time and time again. | 0:33:25 | 0:33:31 | |
-In the West, we tend to think -of prisoners of war... | 0:33:33 | 0:33:37 | |
-..in terms of -the Geneva Convention... | 0:33:37 | 0:33:41 | |
-..where both sides in a war look -after soldiers from the other side. | 0:33:41 | 0:33:47 | |
-We must bear in mind -that those conventions... | 0:33:47 | 0:33:51 | |
-..were enforced -by the imperial powers of the West. | 0:33:51 | 0:33:55 | |
-Many in Communist China wouldn't -acknowledge those conventions. | 0:33:55 | 0:34:00 | |
-It meant that those who run -the prisons didn't acknowledge... | 0:34:00 | 0:34:06 | |
-..that they had -a duty of care to their prisoners. | 0:34:06 | 0:34:10 | |
-There were many forms of torture. | 0:34:13 | 0:34:15 | |
-One was to tie a rope -around the arms... | 0:34:15 | 0:34:18 | |
-..raise them over a beam and tie -the rope around the testicles... | 0:34:18 | 0:34:22 | |
-..before pulling the man -off the floor and leaving him there. | 0:34:22 | 0:34:27 | |
-Another -was to put a man in a cage... | 0:34:27 | 0:34:30 | |
-..where he couldn't -lie down or stand up. | 0:34:30 | 0:34:33 | |
-Torture methods were widespread in -North Korea's prisoner of war camps. | 0:34:34 | 0:34:39 | |
-First they were going to execute me. | 0:34:40 | 0:34:44 | |
-Then they connected electrical wires -to my fingertips - I lost my nails. | 0:34:45 | 0:34:50 | |
-My fingers -are still painful to this day. | 0:34:50 | 0:34:55 | |
-I was shot five times in my arm... | 0:34:56 | 0:35:00 | |
-..and in my lip -so that I couldn't eat. | 0:35:00 | 0:35:08 | |
-I was also shot in my shoulder... | 0:35:08 | 0:35:13 | |
-..but I'm still here! | 0:35:14 | 0:35:16 | |
-When I managed to escape, -I was skeletal, barely alive... | 0:35:18 | 0:35:25 | |
-I'll never forgive them. | 0:35:25 | 0:35:28 | |
-How can you forgive -that kind of treatment? | 0:35:28 | 0:35:31 | |
-Kenneth Newby and two others... | 0:35:36 | 0:35:39 | |
-..managed to escape from prison -but they were caught. | 0:35:40 | 0:35:43 | |
-Their punishment -was to stand on one leg. | 0:35:44 | 0:35:47 | |
-If they fell, they were beaten -until they stood on one leg again. | 0:35:47 | 0:35:51 | |
-They'd fall and were beaten again -until they'd learnt their lesson. | 0:35:52 | 0:35:56 | |
-The Chinese were in no rush. | 0:35:57 | 0:35:59 | |
-It took these three men an -entire month to learn their lesson. | 0:35:59 | 0:36:04 | |
-They had to appear in front of the -camp and admit they'd done wrong. | 0:36:04 | 0:36:09 | |
-But what Newby did -was announce to the entire camp... | 0:36:09 | 0:36:12 | |
-..which way to go -if they ever escaped. | 0:36:13 | 0:36:16 | |
-He was sent back to his cell. | 0:36:16 | 0:36:18 | |
-It's important to remember -that atrocities were committed... | 0:36:19 | 0:36:23 | |
-..by both sides -in the prisoner of war camps. | 0:36:23 | 0:36:26 | |
-The government of the South -conducted official programmes... | 0:36:27 | 0:36:31 | |
-..to try and re-educate prisoners. | 0:36:31 | 0:36:34 | |
-Torture methods and execution -were commonplace in these camps. | 0:36:34 | 0:36:38 | |
-Americans saw themselves... | 0:36:39 | 0:36:41 | |
-..as defending capitalism -against Communism... | 0:36:41 | 0:36:44 | |
-..and Communists -saw prisoners of war as people... | 0:36:45 | 0:36:50 | |
-..who had misunderstood -the political situation. | 0:36:50 | 0:36:53 | |
-They saw the camps as an opportunity -to change their minds. | 0:36:53 | 0:36:58 | |
-One of the unique features -of the war... | 0:36:59 | 0:37:02 | |
-..was the exchange of prisoners -of war during the war itself. | 0:37:02 | 0:37:07 | |
-It's referred to -as Little Switch or Big Switch. | 0:37:07 | 0:37:10 | |
-What we saw here... | 0:37:10 | 0:37:12 | |
-..was both sides agreeing to release -small numbers of prisoners... | 0:37:12 | 0:37:17 | |
-..and then large numbers -in an exchange. | 0:37:17 | 0:37:20 | |
-There was a question mark -over every one of them... | 0:37:21 | 0:37:24 | |
-..about what their intentions were. | 0:37:24 | 0:37:27 | |
-The prisoners of war themselves -became an ideological weapon. | 0:37:27 | 0:37:30 | |
-Sending them back to their -communities after re-educating them. | 0:37:31 | 0:37:35 | |
-The wounded -were released first of all. | 0:37:36 | 0:37:39 | |
-In their midst were people who had -been brainwashed by the North. | 0:37:39 | 0:37:44 | |
-These were among the men my father -carried home aboard the Dunera. | 0:37:44 | 0:37:49 | |
-My father had a small medical unit -on board the ship... | 0:37:50 | 0:37:53 | |
-..for 10 patients -and within 10 minutes it was full. | 0:37:54 | 0:37:57 | |
-Not only did they want to go home... | 0:37:58 | 0:38:01 | |
-..but a few men in the camps had -passed on stories to the Chinese... | 0:38:02 | 0:38:06 | |
-..and the rest wanted revenge. | 0:38:06 | 0:38:09 | |
-The journey home would've been -very awkward for many on board. | 0:38:12 | 0:38:17 | |
-They were all lumped together. | 0:38:17 | 0:38:19 | |
-They would've had -very different experiences of war. | 0:38:20 | 0:38:23 | |
-Some would've been prisoners, some -served miles from the front line... | 0:38:24 | 0:38:28 | |
-..and saw no fighting at all. | 0:38:29 | 0:38:31 | |
-In addition, there were -these ideological tensions... | 0:38:31 | 0:38:35 | |
-..that had developed during the war -about the validity of their cause. | 0:38:35 | 0:38:40 | |
-The free world, as it were, -against the Communist world. | 0:38:40 | 0:38:44 | |
-These British soldiers, some of whom -were 18 or 19 years old... | 0:38:44 | 0:38:49 | |
-..had endured -the worst possible atrocities. | 0:38:49 | 0:38:53 | |
-For some, the voyage home would've -been as torturous as the war itself. | 0:38:53 | 0:38:58 | |
-Many of them would've plummeted -to the depths of despair. | 0:38:58 | 0:39:02 | |
-After weeks of searching, I've found -Kenneth Newby's inquest report. | 0:39:02 | 0:39:07 | |
-What we have here are documents... | 0:39:08 | 0:39:10 | |
-..that would explain -Kenneth Newby's final voyage. | 0:39:11 | 0:39:14 | |
-In his testimony, my father says -he treated him for VD. | 0:39:14 | 0:39:18 | |
-What's interesting for me... | 0:39:18 | 0:39:21 | |
-..is other witnesses' remarks. | 0:39:21 | 0:39:23 | |
-It says here, -"His mind seemed to wander... | 0:39:24 | 0:39:27 | |
-"..and he thought -everybody else was against him." | 0:39:27 | 0:39:31 | |
-He also said there was nothing any -doctor could do for him any more. | 0:39:31 | 0:39:38 | |
-Kenneth Newby was a war hero... | 0:39:42 | 0:39:44 | |
-..among the thousands and thousands -of other heroes. | 0:39:45 | 0:39:50 | |
-How can someone so young get -involved in something like this... | 0:39:50 | 0:39:54 | |
-..go through -what the Glosters went through... | 0:39:54 | 0:39:58 | |
-..and then walk 200 miles -to Chongsong prison... | 0:39:58 | 0:40:01 | |
-..where he was beaten -by the Chinese? | 0:40:02 | 0:40:04 | |
-He escaped but was later caught. | 0:40:04 | 0:40:07 | |
-How could he have gone through -it all and not be affected? | 0:40:08 | 0:40:11 | |
-. | 0:40:13 | 0:40:14 | |
-Subtitles | 0:40:17 | 0:40:17 | |
-Subtitles - -Subtitles | 0:40:17 | 0:40:19 | |
-This is Imjingak Park -on the banks of the Imjin River. | 0:40:25 | 0:40:29 | |
-This is Freedom Bridge, over which -prisoners of war crossed... | 0:40:29 | 0:40:33 | |
-..following the 1953 armistice. | 0:40:33 | 0:40:36 | |
-At first glance -it's a tourist hotspot... | 0:40:36 | 0:40:39 | |
-..but it's also a sanctuary for the -thousands torn apart by the border. | 0:40:39 | 0:40:44 | |
-What strikes me here -is the contrast. | 0:40:47 | 0:40:49 | |
-Essentially, -it's 100 yards of wooden bridge. | 0:40:50 | 0:40:54 | |
-It barely deserves the name -Freedom Bridge any longer. | 0:40:54 | 0:40:58 | |
-At one end, -countless messages from people... | 0:40:58 | 0:41:01 | |
-..longing for the border to open. | 0:41:01 | 0:41:04 | |
-And 20 yards behind it are soldiers -ensuring that it's kept shut. | 0:41:04 | 0:41:09 | |
-At long last, -after a week of waiting... | 0:41:09 | 0:41:13 | |
-..we've been told -we can travel to the border... | 0:41:13 | 0:41:17 | |
-..to the Joint Security Area -to capture a glimpse of North Korea. | 0:41:17 | 0:41:22 | |
-It's interesting, we've followed the -barbed wire all the way from Seoul. | 0:41:40 | 0:41:45 | |
-This is where the wire ends, -at this horizontal line. | 0:41:46 | 0:41:49 | |
-At the top of those steps, -there's a soldier from North Korea. | 0:41:49 | 0:41:53 | |
-They've told me I can't wave, -I can't make any contact. | 0:41:53 | 0:41:58 | |
-That's the border -but nobody can cross it. | 0:41:58 | 0:42:02 | |
-I think surreal is the best term -I can use to describe it. | 0:42:07 | 0:42:12 | |
-We were allowed to film in one area, -we had the story from one side. | 0:42:12 | 0:42:19 | |
-It was almost like going to a zoo. | 0:42:19 | 0:42:21 | |
-Looking through the barrier -at someone else... | 0:42:21 | 0:42:24 | |
-..but not being able -to communicate at all. | 0:42:25 | 0:42:28 | |
-As a communicator, -that is very frustrating. | 0:42:28 | 0:42:32 | |
-We tend to think it's North Korea -that brainwashes people. | 0:42:34 | 0:42:38 | |
-That there's only one way of -thinking, but the South does it too. | 0:42:38 | 0:42:44 | |
-The closer you get to the border, -the more restricted you are... | 0:42:49 | 0:42:53 | |
-..and the less chance there is -to think for yourself. | 0:42:53 | 0:42:57 | |
-I thought the war -was over years ago, but it's not. | 0:42:57 | 0:43:01 | |
-What's interesting, of course, -is that I'm in North Korea here. | 0:43:04 | 0:43:09 | |
-There's no barrier. | 0:43:09 | 0:43:11 | |
-But when I cross the room... | 0:43:11 | 0:43:14 | |
-..I'm in the South. | 0:43:14 | 0:43:16 | |
-One step, but it's been 65 years... | 0:43:17 | 0:43:20 | |
-..and people are still unable -to take that step. | 0:43:20 | 0:43:24 | |
-But if they were to spend -more time in that room... | 0:43:25 | 0:43:28 | |
-..and less time -on the boundary with their guns... | 0:43:29 | 0:43:32 | |
-..maybe they'd come closer together -much sooner. | 0:43:33 | 0:43:36 | |
-Two Koreas, two million soldiers... | 0:43:38 | 0:43:41 | |
-..two nations -that are officially still at war. | 0:43:41 | 0:43:44 | |
-The thought of nuclear weapons in -the North and South is frightening. | 0:43:45 | 0:43:51 | |
-The war still casts a shadow... | 0:43:53 | 0:43:55 | |
-..over the lives -of the people of South Korea... | 0:43:56 | 0:43:59 | |
-..and the younger generation -are determined not to forget... | 0:43:59 | 0:44:03 | |
-..the sacrifice of the soldiers -who fought to secure their freedom. | 0:44:03 | 0:44:08 | |
-Hello, Major Thomas Kenneth Hardy. -I'm Young Sun-Min. | 0:44:09 | 0:44:12 | |
-I'm an 11-year-old girl chasing -meaningful dreams with a compass. | 0:44:12 | 0:44:16 | |
-Although I can't meet you, I'm -very glad to show my appreciation. | 0:44:16 | 0:44:20 | |
-Do you remember Korea at the time -of the Korean War in 1950? | 0:44:21 | 0:44:27 | |
-In the desperate moment of -bullets raining, bombs exploding... | 0:44:27 | 0:44:31 | |
-..and your fellow soldiers -groaning by your side... | 0:44:31 | 0:44:35 | |
-..you never gave up your courage -to treat the wounded soldiers. | 0:44:35 | 0:44:39 | |
-My country thanks you for -your noble sacrifice and courage. | 0:44:39 | 0:44:43 | |
-I'll always remember you and the -brave British Korean War veterans... | 0:44:44 | 0:44:48 | |
-..who fought for South Korea -in our history and in my heart. | 0:44:48 | 0:44:52 | |
-With sincere respect, -Young Sun-Min. | 0:44:52 | 0:44:55 | |
-This is for you. | 0:44:55 | 0:44:57 | |
-This is for you. - -Thank you, and it's on behalf... | 0:44:57 | 0:44:59 | |
-..of all the Korean War veterans. | 0:44:59 | 0:45:01 | |
-..of all the Korean War veterans. - -Thank you very much. | 0:45:01 | 0:45:03 | |
-Emotional. -I wasn't expecting that. | 0:45:03 | 0:45:06 | |
-It's strange how children affect -you. My father will be delighted. | 0:45:06 | 0:45:10 | |
-There was a lot -he didn't receive during the war. | 0:45:11 | 0:45:14 | |
-He didn't get a Korean Star, but he -has a letter now and he'll be happy. | 0:45:14 | 0:45:19 | |
-He'll be thrilled. | 0:45:19 | 0:45:21 | |
-All the children had written letters -to Major Thomas Kenneth Hardy. | 0:45:21 | 0:45:26 | |
-I can't get over being called Major. -I've never been called that. | 0:45:26 | 0:45:30 | |
-Let me finish it off for you. | 0:45:31 | 0:45:33 | |
-We heard -your father didn't have any medal. | 0:45:33 | 0:45:37 | |
-That's beautiful. He will love that. | 0:45:37 | 0:45:40 | |
-Thank you very much. -This medal will take its place. | 0:45:42 | 0:45:45 | |
-He'd prefer this medal -because it's come from you in Korea. | 0:45:45 | 0:45:49 | |
-The last thing -my father told me was... | 0:45:49 | 0:45:53 | |
-.."The one thing I never received -was the Korean Star." | 0:45:53 | 0:45:56 | |
-And he fought to get it. | 0:45:57 | 0:45:59 | |
-Taking something like this home -for him to keep... | 0:45:59 | 0:46:03 | |
-..he'll be delighted. | 0:46:03 | 0:46:05 | |
-I'm looking forward -to seeing him now. | 0:46:05 | 0:46:07 | |
-That's nice. Where is it? | 0:46:08 | 0:46:09 | |
-Well, it's not the Korean Star... | 0:46:10 | 0:46:13 | |
-..but it's from the people of Korea. | 0:46:13 | 0:46:18 | |
-You've finally got your medal -from the Korean War. | 0:46:18 | 0:46:22 | |
-Isn't that lovely? Thank you. | 0:46:22 | 0:46:24 | |
-You'll have us both in tears. | 0:46:24 | 0:46:27 | |
-Thank you, John. | 0:46:27 | 0:46:29 | |
-My father -isn't usually an emotional man. | 0:46:36 | 0:46:39 | |
-After all, he's been -a doctor for almost 50 years. | 0:46:39 | 0:46:42 | |
-But he was moved this morning. | 0:46:44 | 0:46:48 | |
-And the fact that, at last... | 0:46:48 | 0:46:52 | |
-..he's had some sort of recognition. | 0:46:52 | 0:46:57 | |
-Yes, the people of Korea remember... | 0:46:58 | 0:47:00 | |
-..but the British war veterans -have had little recognition. | 0:47:01 | 0:47:04 | |
-Until now. | 0:47:05 | 0:47:06 | |
-The first official memorial -to the Korean War in Britain. | 0:47:08 | 0:47:13 | |
-APPLAUSE | 0:47:14 | 0:47:17 | |
-Today has brought everything back. | 0:47:31 | 0:47:33 | |
-It was nice seeing my father sharing -recollections with the veterans... | 0:47:34 | 0:47:38 | |
-..some of whom were from -the Gloucestershire Regiment... | 0:47:38 | 0:47:41 | |
-..the prisoners of war he -carried home on the Dunera in 1953. | 0:47:41 | 0:47:45 | |
-Many also remembered Kenneth Newby. | 0:47:45 | 0:47:48 | |
-There are -fewer eyewitnesses nowadays... | 0:47:48 | 0:47:50 | |
-..but their sacrifice -should never be forgotten. | 0:47:51 | 0:47:55 | |
-The pieces have fallen into place -and the gaps filled. | 0:47:55 | 0:47:59 | |
-I am more proud than ever. | 0:47:59 | 0:48:01 | |
-At last my father's role in the -forgotten war has been documented... | 0:48:02 | 0:48:06 | |
-..for his family and loved ones. | 0:48:06 | 0:48:08 | |
-S4C Subtitles by Adnod Cyf. | 0:48:36 | 0:48:38 | |
-. | 0:48:38 | 0:48:39 |