O Gymru Fach: Ewrop ‹ O Gymru Fach

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-Many Welsh people spend -their summer holidays in Europe.	0:00:01	0:00:06
-Long summer days spent on beaches -in France and Spain...	0:00:07	0:00:10
-..sampling foreign foods...	0:00:11	0:00:13
-..and learning about -different cultures and customs.	0:00:13	0:00:17
-Foreign holidays conjure up -romantic images in the mind.	0:00:20	0:00:24
-Europe feels more laid back -and fashionable.	0:00:24	0:00:28
-It's more appealing -than our familiar lives back home.	0:00:28	0:00:32
-It's no wonder Wales has something -to offer our European neighbours.	0:00:35	0:00:40
-Sharing cultures and produce -can work both ways.	0:00:40	0:00:43
-In this episode, -I discover how produce from Wales...	0:00:44	0:00:48
-..is making its mark -across the countries of Europe.	0:00:48	0:00:52
-Slate, seafood and trailers...	0:00:55	0:00:58
-..are all exports from Wales -that travel the entire continent.	0:00:59	0:01:03
-The waters flowing between Anglesey -and the mainland are very fertile.	0:01:09	0:01:14
-Salt is harvested here.	0:01:14	0:01:17
-But I didn't know that mussels were -farmed here on such a large scale.	0:01:17	0:01:22
-I love shellfish...	0:01:35	0:01:36
-..like most of us who are -frequent visitors to Swansea Market.	0:01:37	0:01:41
-I'm looking forward -to visiting Port Penrhyn...	0:01:41	0:01:44
-..on the outskirts of Bangor, -where the industry is thriving.	0:01:45	0:01:49
-Here in Wales, the mussels we eat...	0:01:50	0:01:53
-..all come from Scotland.	0:01:54	0:01:56
-The mussels we gather in Wales -are exported all over Europe.	0:01:56	0:02:00
-To France, Holland -and predominantly to Belgium.	0:02:00	0:02:04
-It's an old industry, -dating back four centuries.	0:02:08	0:02:12
-But the Mighty Mussels company now -has special boats to do the work.	0:02:12	0:02:18
-A tightly-controlled area between -Port Penrhyn and Beaumaris...	0:02:19	0:02:23
-..ensures the fishing -is sustainable.	0:02:23	0:02:26
-They maintain a specific area of -the seabed, planting mollusc seed...	0:02:26	0:02:30
-..from Morecambe Bay -or the Irish Sea...	0:02:30	0:02:33
-..and leave them to thicken -and mature for three years.	0:02:33	0:02:37
-I'm aboard the Valente...	0:02:41	0:02:44
-..one of the company's two boats -that farm and fish...	0:02:45	0:02:48
-..in Britain's biggest mussel farm.	0:02:48	0:02:51
-How many mussels will we gather -here today, John?	0:02:53	0:02:57
-We've already gathered one yield -of 20 tonnes that will leave today.	0:02:57	0:03:02
-At the moment...	0:03:02	0:03:05
-..it takes around half an hour -to gather that amount.	0:03:05	0:03:09
-How many tonnes would you say -the Menai produces in a year?	0:03:09	0:03:14
-At the moment, -I'd say there must be...	0:03:14	0:03:17
-..more than 15,000 tonnes -in the Menai.	0:03:18	0:03:21
-Every year?	0:03:21	0:03:23
-Four companies are located -on the shores of the Menai Strait...	0:03:26	0:03:30
-..gathering 10,000 tonnes a year.	0:03:31	0:03:33
-What about the quality -of these mussels?	0:03:36	0:03:39
-Mussels gathered from the Menai...	0:03:39	0:03:42
-..are among the best in Europe.	0:03:43	0:03:45
-How clean are they?	0:03:46	0:03:47
-They're put through the washer...	0:03:47	0:03:50
-..and reach here -in a very clean state.	0:03:51	0:03:53
-As you can see.	0:03:58	0:04:00
-They're actually cleaner -than I expected.	0:04:00	0:04:03
-Whenever I've gathered them -from the beach at the seaside...	0:04:03	0:04:08
-..they've never been as clean -as this.	0:04:08	0:04:10
-That's ready to eat.	0:04:11	0:04:13
-There are three farming seasons.	0:04:16	0:04:19
-Between June and August -is when the seed is gathered.	0:04:19	0:04:23
-August to March...	0:04:23	0:04:25
-..is the harvesting season, -when the boats are at their busiest.	0:04:25	0:04:29
-Then, during April and May...	0:04:29	0:04:31
-..they scatter the seed -along the seabed.	0:04:32	0:04:35
-What's so special about the Menai...	0:04:35	0:04:37
-..that makes it such an ideal place -to gather mussels?	0:04:38	0:04:42
-The Menai is unique to Wales -because of the strait.	0:04:42	0:04:45
-The tide runs from both sides.	0:04:46	0:04:48
-There is plenty of food -in the water.	0:04:48	0:04:51
-It's also sheltered from the wind -and the elements.	0:04:51	0:04:55
-That's what makes it -such a unique place in Wales.	0:04:55	0:05:00
-There are no better locations.	0:05:00	0:05:02
-Traditionally, has it always been -a place where mussels thrive?	0:05:03	0:05:07
-Oh, yes. It's been teeming -with mussels for many years.	0:05:08	0:05:11
-I think it was sometime -around 1962...	0:05:12	0:05:16
-..if I'm correct...	0:05:16	0:05:18
-..that they started farming.	0:05:18	0:05:20
-Before the boats were introduced, -the process was all done by hand.	0:05:21	0:05:26
-The next time I see the mussels...	0:05:26	0:05:30
-..I'll be in Holland, where I hope -I'll be able to taste them.	0:05:30	0:05:34
-They've been eaten for centuries...	0:05:34	0:05:37
-..but I'm now on my way -to see an industry...	0:05:37	0:05:40
-..which was rooted in the earth -for millions of years.	0:05:40	0:05:44
-Bethesda and its neighbouring -villages were built...	0:06:07	0:06:11
-..due to the slate industry.	0:06:11	0:06:14
-Finding a slate vein -in the nearby mountains...	0:06:14	0:06:17
-..has provided a Welsh covering -for roofs all of the world.	0:06:18	0:06:22
-It's a stunning landscape...	0:06:29	0:06:31
-..a view of Ogwen Valley's -slate tips.	0:06:32	0:06:34
-There is a strong sense -of community here.	0:06:35	0:06:38
-On a summer's evening, -it's wonderful driving around...	0:06:39	0:06:43
-..with the roof down.	0:06:43	0:06:45
-But the weather soon changes...	0:06:47	0:06:49
-..and it's a grey day for my visit -to the quarry the following morning.	0:06:50	0:06:55
-Once inside, the view is dramatic.	0:06:55	0:06:57
-Over there, beyond the fog...	0:07:06	0:07:08
-..is Port Penrhyn, -which was purpose built...	0:07:08	0:07:11
-..to transport slate -from Penrhyn Quarry.	0:07:11	0:07:15
-Welsh slate is known -throughout the world.	0:07:15	0:07:18
-Beneath me here -is the Penrhyn Blue slate.	0:07:18	0:07:21
-The quarry was at its peak -at the end of the 19th century.	0:07:27	0:07:31
-17,000 people were once employed -in the slate industry.	0:07:31	0:07:36
-Modernization and global competition -has seen the workforce diminish.	0:07:37	0:07:41
-But the sense of belonging -is still important.	0:07:42	0:07:45
-What's your name -and how long have you worked here?	0:07:47	0:07:50
-I'm Iwan. I've been here 10 years.	0:07:50	0:07:52
-I'm Iwan. I've been here 10 years. - -My name's Cliff Jones.	0:07:52	0:07:54
-I've worked here -for more than 30 years.	0:07:54	0:07:57
-I'm Gwilym -and I've been here 30 years.	0:07:58	0:08:00
-I'm Brian -and I've been working here 20 years.	0:08:00	0:08:03
-I'm Mark. I've been here 20 years.	0:08:04	0:08:06
-I've been here 34 years.	0:08:06	0:08:08
-I've been here eight or nine years.	0:08:09	0:08:12
-Since I was 16.	0:08:12	0:08:14
-Where are you from?	0:08:14	0:08:15
-Where are you from? - -Blaenau Ffestiniog.	0:08:15	0:08:16
-Blaenau Ffestiniog.	0:08:17	0:08:18
-Blaenau Ffestiniog. - -Bethesda.	0:08:18	0:08:19
-From Bethesda.	0:08:19	0:08:21
-I split the slate for roofs.	0:08:21	0:08:23
-I light the fuses, drill, -drive the dumpers. Everything.	0:08:24	0:08:28
-I split, chip and saw.	0:08:28	0:08:31
-Whatever needs doing.	0:08:31	0:08:33
-I'm on the machines, -grading and feeding.	0:08:34	0:08:37
-Whatever the bosses tell me to do.	0:08:37	0:08:40
-Taid worked here.	0:08:40	0:08:41
-My father worked here.	0:08:42	0:08:43
-My brother worked here.	0:08:44	0:08:46
-I had three uncles who all worked -at the Ffestiniog quarry.	0:08:46	0:08:51
-And my grandfather in his time.	0:08:52	0:08:54
-My grandfather, Bob Fill.	0:08:54	0:08:56
-He drove one of the engines -in his time.	0:08:57	0:09:02
-My father and grandfather started -working here when they were 14.	0:09:02	0:09:07
-What does quarrying mean -to the people of Blaenau Ffestiniog?	0:09:07	0:09:11
-Work. Money.	0:09:11	0:09:12
-It's all that's left.	0:09:12	0:09:14
-We're continuing the tradition.	0:09:14	0:09:17
-We're continuing the tradition. - -I'm glad I work in a quarry.	0:09:17	0:09:19
-I'm pleased there's a family -connection to the quarries.	0:09:19	0:09:25
-We have plenty of fun.	0:09:25	0:09:27
-The lads always have fun.	0:09:27	0:09:29
-I love it here.	0:09:29	0:09:32
-I love it here.	0:09:32	0:09:33
-I love it here. - -I love it here.	0:09:33	0:09:35
-How does it make you feel...	0:09:35	0:09:37
-..knowing that Bethesda slate -is sold all over the world?	0:09:37	0:09:41
-It's great. -It's keeping us in work.	0:09:41	0:09:43
-It gives Penrhyn a good name -around the world.	0:09:44	0:09:47
-What's makes this slate -so remarkable, Dafydd?	0:10:00	0:10:03
-It's 600 million years old.	0:10:04	0:10:07
-It's a clean slate.	0:10:07	0:10:10
-It's very durable.	0:10:10	0:10:12
-Welsh slate has been used on roofs -for centuries.	0:10:12	0:10:16
-Nowadays, people replace the slate -on their roofs...	0:10:17	0:10:21
-..which was there originally...	0:10:21	0:10:24
-..not because there's anything wrong -with the slate...	0:10:25	0:10:28
-..but because the wood or the nails -keeping the slate secured...	0:10:29	0:10:34
-..have eroded.	0:10:34	0:10:36
-With fierce competition from -a cheaper, yet inferior, slate...	0:10:39	0:10:43
-..from Spain and the Far East...	0:10:44	0:10:46
-..the company has had to turn -to overseas markets and buyers...	0:10:46	0:10:50
-..who are willing to pay -for quality Welsh slate.	0:10:51	0:10:54
-Do you see a future -for the industry?	0:10:56	0:10:58
-I hope so, as long as people -still want the slate.	0:10:58	0:11:03
-It's the best in the world -but costly.	0:11:04	0:11:07
-People are watching their money -nowadays.	0:11:07	0:11:10
-In motoring terms, if you want -a Porsche, then go for Welsh slate.	0:11:10	0:11:14
-Otherwise, -go for a cheaper alternative.	0:11:15	0:11:18
-They've also had to vary -their produce.	0:11:22	0:11:25
-Roof tiles are the mainstay...	0:11:25	0:11:28
-..but they also produce stone -for gardens...	0:11:28	0:11:31
-..hearths, headstones, flooring, -window sills and much more.	0:11:31	0:11:36
-Once the stone has been transported -from the mountain to the mill...	0:11:38	0:11:42
-..it's graded in standard -and quality.	0:11:43	0:11:45
-It's then marked -and the edges sawed...	0:11:46	0:11:49
-..ready to be split.	0:11:50	0:11:52
-Splitting the stone -requires a lot of skill.	0:11:55	0:11:59
-It's hard work, -as you saw for yourself.	0:12:00	0:12:02
-It's not something -you can learn overnight.	0:12:03	0:12:06
-It takes -a two-year apprenticeship...	0:12:06	0:12:09
-..working on off-cuts.	0:12:09	0:12:11
-When I started as a 16-year-old...	0:12:11	0:12:14
-..I had to work on off-cuts -for two and a half years...	0:12:14	0:12:18
-..before being allowed to touch -the actual stone.	0:12:18	0:12:21
-It's so scarce. It's like gold.	0:12:22	0:12:25
-You couldn't waste any.	0:12:25	0:12:28
-For what kind of buildings -was it used?	0:12:28	0:12:31
-The majority of it, around 80%...	0:12:31	0:12:35
-..is used for heritage work...	0:12:35	0:12:37
-..and restoration projects.	0:12:38	0:12:40
-They have to use the same materials -that were there originally.	0:12:40	0:12:44
-Can you name some of the buildings -where the slate has been used?	0:12:44	0:12:48
-Buckingham Palace...	0:12:49	0:12:51
-..the Houses of Parliament.	0:12:51	0:12:54
-Some go to Windsor Castle, -the British Library...	0:12:54	0:12:58
-..King's Cross Station...	0:12:59	0:13:01
-..Sydney University, Australia, -National Arts Centre, Sydney.	0:13:01	0:13:06
-Restoration work.	0:13:06	0:13:08
-What does Penrhyn Quarry -and the industry mean to Bethesda?	0:13:09	0:13:12
-Bethesda wouldn't exist -if it weren't for the quarry.	0:13:13	0:13:19
-It's as simple as that.	0:13:19	0:13:21
-.	0:13:25	0:13:26
-888	0:13:28	0:13:28
-888 - -888	0:13:28	0:13:30
-I'm on the trail of slate from -Gwynedd and mussels from the Menai.	0:13:34	0:13:39
-My journey takes me -to The Netherlands.	0:13:39	0:13:42
-I land in Amsterdam...	0:13:47	0:13:49
-..and travel southwest -to follow the mussels.	0:13:50	0:13:53
-After the dramatic scenery -of North Wales...	0:13:53	0:13:56
-..this landscape is boring -by comparison.	0:13:56	0:13:59
-It's a cliche to say -that The Netherlands is flat...	0:14:00	0:14:04
-..but it's entirely true.	0:14:04	0:14:06
-It's no wonder...	0:14:06	0:14:08
-..when a quarter of the country -is below sea level.	0:14:08	0:14:12
-In my ignorance, I arranged to meet -the lorry from Bangor...	0:14:24	0:14:27
-..when it arrived at the factory.	0:14:28	0:14:30
-I didn't realize -I'd be travelling overnight...	0:14:30	0:14:33
-..to reach Yerseke -at 5.00am to unload.	0:14:34	0:14:36
-It's awfully early...	0:14:39	0:14:41
-..but a load of mussels have -arrived all the way from Bangor.	0:14:41	0:14:45
-They were transported overnight -to Calais...	0:14:45	0:14:49
-..before reaching -the Zeeland province...	0:14:49	0:14:52
-..where they are processed -at Vette & Verhaart.	0:14:53	0:14:56
-I need a cup of coffee!	0:14:56	0:14:59
-There's a thousand kilograms -in each of these bags.	0:14:59	0:15:03
-There are 20 bags on the lorry.	0:15:03	0:15:06
-Each bag leaves this factory, -priced at 2 euros per kilo.	0:15:06	0:15:10
-Which means... -Work it out for yourselves!	0:15:10	0:15:13
-40,000 euros is the answer! -That's a hefty sum.	0:15:15	0:15:19
-Vette & Verhaart was established -at the end of the 19th century.	0:15:19	0:15:23
-It's the oldest surviving company -in Yerseke...	0:15:24	0:15:27
-..a town where all -the mussel companies are located...	0:15:28	0:15:31
-..within an 800-metre stretch.	0:15:32	0:15:34
-The mussels are washed thoroughly...	0:15:38	0:15:40
-..and sorted -in order of size and quality.	0:15:40	0:15:43
-The women -work every day of the year.	0:15:44	0:15:46
-I've taken pity on them -and stepped in to lend a hand.	0:15:47	0:15:50
-I've come to help Hu, -who's standing beside me here.	0:15:52	0:15:56
-She's checking the quality -of the mussels.	0:15:56	0:15:59
-They've already been graded -in order of size.	0:15:59	0:16:03
-There are poor ones and broken ones.	0:16:03	0:16:05
-Wrong way!	0:16:06	0:16:07
-The broken ones are thrown away.	0:16:07	0:16:09
-The good ones are sent on their way -to be packed.	0:16:10	0:16:13
-The fourth generation -of the same family is now in charge.	0:16:33	0:16:36
-Jan-Willem is the boss.	0:16:36	0:16:38
-How long have you been -importing mussels from Wales?	0:16:40	0:16:45
-We started importing mussels -from Bangor in North Wales in 1998.	0:16:50	0:16:59
-We were looking for a regular and -constant supplier for the factory.	0:17:00	0:17:06
-Have you been to Wales -to see where the mussels are grown?	0:17:07	0:17:12
-Yes, I've been to Wales a number of -times, not only to see the mussels.	0:17:18	0:17:24
-I met my wife in Wales.	0:17:24	0:17:27
-I love the country -and I love the people!	0:17:27	0:17:33
-You must see thousands upon -thousands of mussels every day.	0:17:43	0:17:48
-Do you still eat them -or are you fed up of them?	0:17:48	0:17:53
-I don't eat them any more. I can't!	0:17:55	0:17:58
-As a boy, I ate so many of them...	0:17:58	0:18:02
-..that I developed a severe -allergic reaction to them.	0:18:03	0:18:06
-But I love oysters!	0:18:07	0:18:10
-Jan-Willem and his father -devised this unique way of packing.	0:18:22	0:18:26
-The mussels are packed in seawater.	0:18:26	0:18:31
-All the stock is now ready -to leave the factory...	0:18:31	0:18:34
-..for France, Holland, -Belgium and Germany.	0:18:35	0:18:39
-Some even make their way -back to Britain...	0:18:39	0:18:42
-..where they'll be sold -in markets and shops...	0:18:42	0:18:46
-..and served in restaurants.	0:18:46	0:18:48
-And that's exactly -where I'm heading now.	0:18:48	0:18:51
-Only a mile away...	0:18:51	0:18:53
-..is a nearby restaurant -which buys from Jan-Willem.	0:18:54	0:18:57
-I'll finally be able to taste -the mussels from the Menai.	0:18:58	0:19:01
-But first, a cookery lesson.	0:19:02	0:19:04
-SHE SPEAKS DUTCH	0:19:13	0:19:15
-She's going to open these rather -than cook them in their shells.	0:19:18	0:19:22
-I've only ever seen them cooked -in their shells.	0:19:22	0:19:25
-The gentleman is going to open them. -This is Hon and Rina.	0:19:29	0:19:33
-Is this a special recipe...	0:19:35	0:19:38
-..that's only cooked -at this restaurant?	0:19:39	0:19:41
-SHE SPEAKS DUTCH	0:19:42	0:19:44
-The restaurant's called De Schelde.	0:19:46	0:19:49
-I think -it's one of their specialities.	0:19:49	0:19:52
-Once they're opened, Rina covers -them in flour, garlic powder...	0:19:55	0:20:00
-..and a pinch of cayenne pepper.	0:20:00	0:20:02
-I've never seen them cooked -this way.	0:20:03	0:20:06
-Mussels are usually cooked -in their shells.	0:20:06	0:20:09
-They're boiled or steamed -for the shells to open.	0:20:09	0:20:13
-But these are fried in butter.	0:20:13	0:20:15
-Lovely.	0:20:15	0:20:17
-In they go.	0:20:17	0:20:19
-What a divine aroma!	0:20:25	0:20:28
-I'm getting wafts of garlic powder.	0:20:30	0:20:32
-These mussels have come straight -from the processing factory.	0:20:36	0:20:41
-They could have been gathered -fresh from the Menai.	0:20:41	0:20:45
-They look lovely.	0:20:46	0:20:48
-They're soft and tender.	0:20:49	0:20:51
-They're fried for a minute or two...	0:20:52	0:20:54
-..and served on a plate.	0:20:54	0:20:56
-They're ready to eat straightaway.	0:20:57	0:20:59
-Wonderful. There we go.	0:21:04	0:21:07
-Fried Menai mussels.	0:21:09	0:21:11
-Can I try one?	0:21:14	0:21:16
-They're a bit hot.	0:21:17	0:21:19
-Goede?	0:21:26	0:21:28
-Goede? - -Goede.	0:21:28	0:21:29
-Ja.	0:21:30	0:21:31
-Ja, ja.	0:21:31	0:21:32
-They're delicious.	0:21:33	0:21:35
-The texture is soft and tender.	0:21:35	0:21:37
-They're not at all tough.	0:21:38	0:21:40
-Seafood can often be tough...	0:21:41	0:21:43
-..but this is very tender -and lovely.	0:21:44	0:21:47
-Another? Do you want one?	0:21:47	0:21:49
-After seeing a completely new way -of cooking mussels...	0:21:53	0:21:57
-..I'm invited to join Jan-Willem and -his family and friends for a meal.	0:21:58	0:22:02
-I realize how much this town relies -on the industry.	0:22:03	0:22:06
-There's even a summer seafood -festival held here.	0:22:06	0:22:10
-I'll have to come back in August!	0:22:10	0:22:12
-Does this region specialize -in mussel dishes?	0:22:15	0:22:20
-Yerseke is famous for its mussels.	0:22:21	0:22:26
-Holland's mussels that are sold in -Europe are washed and packed here.	0:22:26	0:22:33
-In August, we hold -a mussel festival...	0:22:33	0:22:38
-..because all the villagers -are associated with the industry.	0:22:38	0:22:44
-This restaurant -is locally renowned for its mussels.	0:22:44	0:22:48
-Tonight we're going to eat ones -that have been boiled.	0:22:49	0:22:53
-This is heaven for me.	0:23:04	0:23:06
-I was brought up on shellfish.	0:23:06	0:23:08
-We'd get our cockles from the market -every Saturday morning.	0:23:08	0:23:13
-And on holiday in France, -I'd have moules frites.	0:23:13	0:23:16
-This is the Dutch version -of moules frites.	0:23:16	0:23:19
-It's one of the national dishes.	0:23:20	0:23:22
-And the star of the dish are the -mussels, all the way from the Menai.	0:23:23	0:23:27
-Very good.	0:23:31	0:23:33
-They start them young -in this country.	0:23:40	0:23:43
-It's little wonder when the mussels -are full of goodness and fun to eat.	0:23:43	0:23:48
-As they say out here, -"goede trukke."	0:23:48	0:23:51
-Ja!	0:23:52	0:23:53
-.	0:23:56	0:23:57
-888	0:23:58	0:23:58
-888 - -888	0:23:58	0:24:00
-The next product from Wales can be -found all over The Netherlands.	0:24:05	0:24:10
-So I have to travel some distance.	0:24:10	0:24:12
-I'm in Yerseke at the moment.	0:24:13	0:24:15
-I'm crossing over to Etten-Leur, -then to Molenschot...	0:24:15	0:24:19
-..down to Eindhoven...	0:24:19	0:24:21
-..up to Cuijk...	0:24:21	0:24:23
-..ending the journey in Arnhem.	0:24:23	0:24:26
-Penrhyn Quarry slate -is the product, of course...	0:24:40	0:24:45
-..which is exported internationally -and used in many ways in Holland.	0:24:45	0:24:49
-The first stop on my journey -is Etten-Leur.	0:25:11	0:25:14
-Vincent Van Gogh lived here -at one time.	0:25:15	0:25:18
-The roof of the Catholic church -is currently being restored...	0:25:18	0:25:23
-..using slate from Penrhyn Quarry.	0:25:23	0:25:26
-Welsh slate covers castles, -monuments...	0:25:36	0:25:40
-..and churches, -like this one in Etten-Leur.	0:25:40	0:25:44
-Piet is the project manager.	0:25:45	0:25:48
-His company repairs similar roofs -across the country.	0:25:48	0:25:52
-Tell me a little -about this church...	0:25:57	0:26:00
-..and the restoration project.	0:26:00	0:26:03
-The church was built in 1900.	0:26:12	0:26:16
-Now it's over a century old, -it's time to repair the roof...	0:26:16	0:26:20
-..to restore the church -to its former glory.	0:26:21	0:26:24
-Welsh slate is being used -to restore the roof.	0:26:24	0:26:27
-Was the original Welsh slate?	0:26:28	0:26:30
-Yes, Welsh slate was used originally -and we wanted to use the same again.	0:26:31	0:26:38
-Welsh slate is very popular -here in The Netherlands.	0:26:39	0:26:47
-It's very durable and suitable...	0:26:47	0:26:50
-..because our weather -is similar to Wales's climate.	0:26:50	0:26:54
-Yes, I can vouch for that.	0:26:55	0:26:57
-The weather is cold and damp here, -as it is back home.	0:26:57	0:27:01
-What is it about the quality -of the Welsh slate...	0:27:01	0:27:05
-..that's so useful to you -here in Holland?	0:27:05	0:27:08
-There's an excellent quality -to Welsh slate...	0:27:10	0:27:13
-..from Ffestiniog -and Penrhyn Quarry.	0:27:14	0:27:19
-Scientific tests have proven -that it lasts over 80 years.	0:27:20	0:27:27
-That's why we use the slate -here in The Netherlands.	0:27:27	0:27:32
-The work will take 18 months -to complete...	0:27:36	0:27:39
-..with three men -working on the roof.	0:27:40	0:27:42
-In weather similar to today's, -I don't envy them at all.	0:27:42	0:27:46
-They tell me it will take 140,000 -slates to restore the roof.	0:27:50	0:27:55
-I'll take their word for it -rather than count them!	0:27:55	0:27:59
-It's very skilful work -but very time consuming.	0:27:59	0:28:02
-And there's no denying the new slate -will last another century.	0:28:03	0:28:08
-I turn the car around -and head 30 miles eastwards.	0:28:18	0:28:21
-The church in this village -had to be restored, following WWII.	0:28:21	0:28:26
-But the slate remains -in good condition.	0:28:29	0:28:32
-This is the village of Molenschot.	0:28:39	0:28:41
-A church has stood here -since the 16th century.	0:28:42	0:28:45
-It was rebuilt in 1887...	0:28:45	0:28:47
-..in the neo-gothic style, using -Penrhyn Quarry's slate on the roof.	0:28:47	0:28:52
-It's the Church of Saint Anna.	0:28:52	0:28:55
-People come and pray to her -in order to find a partner.	0:28:56	0:29:00
-Unfortunately, -the place is deserted.	0:29:04	0:29:07
-I'll have to come again, -some other time.	0:29:07	0:29:11
-Molenschot means windmill.	0:29:11	0:29:13
-Ironic, since I've not seen one yet -on my travels.	0:29:13	0:29:16
-I might spot one -on my 50-mile journey to Eindhoven.	0:29:17	0:29:21
-The original headquarters for the -electronics giant, Philips...	0:29:28	0:29:33
-..was based in Eindhoven.	0:29:33	0:29:35
-The bowling pins that greet visitors -as they drive in are striking.	0:29:36	0:29:40
-But standing tall above the city -is the Catholic church...	0:29:40	0:29:45
-..adorned with a crown -of Welsh slate.	0:29:45	0:29:48
-This is -the Church of St Catherine...	0:30:04	0:30:06
-..and the door is always open here.	0:30:06	0:30:09
-The tranquillity and silence found -within this majestic building...	0:30:09	0:30:14
-..offers brief respite -from the chaos of the modern world.	0:30:14	0:30:19
-It's an opportunity to light -a candle in memory of loved ones.	0:30:19	0:30:23
-Eindhoven is similar in size -to Swansea.	0:30:37	0:30:41
-And like Swansea, -it was bombed during the war.	0:30:41	0:30:44
-This Catholic church was damaged -but it has since been rebuilt...	0:30:45	0:30:49
-..using Welsh slate on the roof.	0:30:50	0:30:52
-There are two tall spires, -measuring 70m in height...	0:30:52	0:30:57
-..which represent -the male and the female.	0:30:57	0:31:00
-But unfortunately, -the clock is wrong.	0:31:01	0:31:04
-It's lunchtime, -so I get the chance to sample...	0:31:08	0:31:11
-..the local delicacies.	0:31:12	0:31:13
-Pancakes covered in thick, -sweet stroop.	0:31:14	0:31:17
-I can assure you, it's delicious.	0:31:18	0:31:21
-I have another two stops to make.	0:31:22	0:31:25
-I glance at the map and off I go.	0:31:25	0:31:27
-I travel northwards and head for -the small town of Cuijk.	0:31:35	0:31:39
-The Catholic Church of St Martin -is situated here.	0:31:39	0:31:43
-As in Etten-Leur, -this church is being restored too.	0:31:43	0:31:46
-Slate from Penrhyn Quarry -is skilfully laid on its roof.	0:31:47	0:31:50
-The original features of old -buildings in Holland are replaced...	0:31:57	0:32:02
-..during restoration work.	0:32:03	0:32:05
-Welsh slate -is obviously as important to them...	0:32:05	0:32:08
-..as it is to the prosperity -of the North Wales' quarries.	0:32:08	0:32:12
-Similar projects -in Australia, New Zealand...	0:32:13	0:32:16
-..America, Canada and Europe...	0:32:16	0:32:18
-..means that the export market -is vital...	0:32:18	0:32:21
-..to the future of Welsh slate.	0:32:22	0:32:24
-Cuijk's church -was also damaged during the war.	0:32:27	0:32:31
-Not from an air raid this time...	0:32:31	0:32:33
-..but from the Germans firing -from across the river.	0:32:34	0:32:37
-I cross the river and head for -Arnhem, where my journey ends.	0:32:51	0:32:56
-Arnhem has strong links -with the Second World War...	0:32:57	0:33:00
-..and the film, A Bridge Too Far.	0:33:00	0:33:03
-It was the first film I ever saw -at Swansea's Odeon.	0:33:03	0:33:06
-But it's the here and now -that I'm interested in today.	0:33:07	0:33:10
-I'm visiting an estate of new houses -built with materials from Wales.	0:33:11	0:33:15
-It's nice to see Welsh slate being -used all across The Netherlands.	0:33:18	0:33:23
-Curiously, -it's not only being used...	0:33:23	0:33:25
-..to restore the roofs -of old buildings...	0:33:26	0:33:29
-..it's also being used -on this modern estate.	0:33:29	0:33:33
-The slate is integral to the design -of these contemporary houses.	0:33:33	0:33:37
-From the Roman era -to the 21st century...	0:33:47	0:33:50
-..Welsh slate is renowned...	0:33:50	0:33:52
-..for being one of the best -building materials in the world.	0:33:53	0:33:57
-It's durable, -elegant and easy on the eye.	0:33:57	0:34:01
-Though the industry -has slowed down...	0:34:02	0:34:04
-..the slate continues to withstand -every storm.	0:34:05	0:34:08
-.	0:34:18	0:34:19
-888	0:34:22	0:34:22
-888 - -888	0:34:22	0:34:24
-Driving behind an Ifor Williams -trailer is a familiar experience.	0:34:31	0:34:35
-The company has been in business -for 50 years.	0:34:36	0:34:39
-The trailers can be seen...	0:34:40	0:34:42
-..not only on the narrow roads of -rural Wales but all over the world.	0:34:42	0:34:47
-I'm back in Wales, -following up my third story.	0:34:50	0:34:53
-The trailer company is situated in -Cynwyd, on the outskirts of Corwen.	0:34:54	0:34:59
-After a long journey, -I've finally arrived.	0:34:59	0:35:02
-When miniature dolls of pop stars -and film stars are created...	0:35:10	0:35:14
-..they know they've made it.	0:35:15	0:35:17
-The company has three factories -in North Wales.	0:35:18	0:35:22
-One in Ruthin, another on the banks -of the River Dee.	0:35:22	0:35:25
-But Cynwyd is where Ifor Williams -first started the venture in 1958.	0:35:26	0:35:31
-I associate box trailers with -transporting horses and livestock.	0:35:31	0:35:36
-But trailers of all descriptions -are manufactured here.	0:35:37	0:35:40
-Flat trailers and car transporters.	0:35:41	0:35:43
-All kinds of models, used not only -by farmers and horse owners...	0:35:43	0:35:48
-..but by builders, -plumbers, engineers...	0:35:48	0:35:51
-..and various small businesses.	0:35:52	0:35:54
-They have manufactured -over 600,000 trailers.	0:35:55	0:35:58
-Gareth Williams, -brother of chef Bryn Williams...	0:35:59	0:36:04
-..who's been working here for 12 -years, shows me the production line.	0:36:04	0:36:09
-This is the box van 126.	0:36:10	0:36:11
-Twin axle.	0:36:12	0:36:14
-The chassis is fitted here.	0:36:14	0:36:16
-We install the wiring loom -and hitch.	0:36:16	0:36:19
-This is where -we adjust the brakes too.	0:36:19	0:36:23
-The final stage of the process -is installing the floor.	0:36:23	0:36:27
-The floor comes in two parts.	0:36:27	0:36:29
-A 12-foot piece at the front -and a 2-foot piece at the back.	0:36:29	0:36:33
-These aren't for animals, are they?	0:36:33	0:36:36
-No. People who have market stalls -buy this kind of trailer.	0:36:36	0:36:40
-And people who own small shops.	0:36:40	0:36:43
-They're handy because stock is -stored safely and kept dry inside.	0:36:43	0:36:47
-We assemble the roof here.	0:36:51	0:36:54
-And the floor of the trailer.	0:36:54	0:36:56
-We attach the pillars -and the sides...	0:36:57	0:37:00
-..using a crane.	0:37:00	0:37:02
-The roof will be attached -to the sides, using the crane.	0:37:02	0:37:06
-How many go through this process -in a day?	0:37:06	0:37:09
-Five trailers daily.	0:37:09	0:37:11
-This is stage 3.	0:37:14	0:37:16
-This is where we do the wiring -and lighting.	0:37:16	0:37:19
-Mud guards and footplates are -attached, as well as cargo rails.	0:37:19	0:37:24
-We also fix the lights -and trim here.	0:37:24	0:37:27
-This is the final stage.	0:37:32	0:37:34
-We seal it all -and finish off the trailer.	0:37:34	0:37:37
-We clean it up and tighten -the bolts to make sure it's safe.	0:37:38	0:37:42
-We add the stickers -and finish off the paperwork.	0:37:42	0:37:45
-Is this one ready to go?	0:37:46	0:37:47
-Yes, it's ready for the road.	0:37:48	0:37:50
-I played a bus driver on TV. I'll -always be known as Dave Coaches!	0:37:50	0:37:54
-And he's a whiz -with mechanical equipment...	0:37:55	0:37:58
-..so Gareth doesn't need to worry -about me helping out.	0:37:58	0:38:02
-I'd say you've made a right mess -of that.	0:38:02	0:38:05
-Nul points.	0:38:05	0:38:07
-Nul points. - -Nul points, I'm afraid.	0:38:07	0:38:09
-Yes, -I made a right pig's ear of that.	0:38:09	0:38:13
-Anyway, beyond the production line -is a huge field...	0:38:13	0:38:17
-..that serves as a car park -for trailers leaving the factory.	0:38:17	0:38:22
-There to meet me is Andrew.	0:38:22	0:38:24
-A week's worth of production -is held in this field.	0:38:26	0:38:30
-They'll be sent to distributors -all over Britain and overseas.	0:38:30	0:38:35
-Apart from the usual stock -you manufacture...	0:38:36	0:38:40
-..you've had some unusual requests -too.	0:38:40	0:38:43
-Every now and again -we have special orders.	0:38:43	0:38:46
-One example of which are trailers -for the Channel Tunnel.	0:38:47	0:38:50
-They were remarkable because they -had coupling at both ends.	0:38:51	0:38:55
-The trailers were pulled in and out.	0:38:55	0:38:58
-So not for road use?	0:38:58	0:39:00
-So not for road use? - -No, just for the tunnel.	0:39:00	0:39:02
-The box trailers -have been adapted...	0:39:03	0:39:05
-..and they're used all over Europe -for different cargo.	0:39:06	0:39:09
-Yes. This product is very versatile.	0:39:09	0:39:12
-We don't adapt them for people...	0:39:12	0:39:15
-..but they get sent -to other companies to be modified.	0:39:15	0:39:19
-A wine-making company used it -for bottling.	0:39:19	0:39:22
-Grand pianos -have been transported in one.	0:39:23	0:39:26
-All kinds of uses.	0:39:26	0:39:28
-Burger vans are popular these days.	0:39:28	0:39:30
-We produce around 30,000 trailers -a year.	0:39:31	0:39:35
-Around 30% of those are exported.	0:39:35	0:39:39
-Where are you biggest markets?	0:39:39	0:39:43
-France, Germany, Belgium.	0:39:43	0:39:46
-But our trailers are also sold...	0:39:46	0:39:49
-..in South Africa, -New Zealand and Australia.	0:39:49	0:39:52
-There are even Ifor Williams -trailers in the Caribbean!	0:39:52	0:39:56
-And also in Denmark.	0:39:58	0:40:00
-That's where I'm heading to see -one of the box trailers at work.	0:40:00	0:40:05
-I have fond memories -of being in Copenhagen.	0:40:14	0:40:17
-I toured there in the 1980s with -the West Glamorgan Youth Theatre.	0:40:18	0:40:24
-It's a very elegant -and interesting city.	0:40:24	0:40:27
-I'm here in search of a trailer.	0:40:28	0:40:31
-Ifor Williams's trailers -are sold throughout Europe.	0:40:35	0:40:39
-They are modified -for different purposes.	0:40:39	0:40:42
-I could have gone to Norway...	0:40:42	0:40:44
-..where one man transports -artificial snow in his.	0:40:44	0:40:48
-Or to Portugal -where a cooperative vineyard...	0:40:48	0:40:52
-..uses a trailer to bottle its wine.	0:40:52	0:40:54
-In Italy, a farmer has adapted -his trailer to barbecue pigs.	0:40:55	0:40:59
-But I've come to Denmark -to meet someone...	0:40:59	0:41:03
-..who uses a trailer -for a very interesting purpose.	0:41:03	0:41:07
-In one of Copenhagen's suburbs...	0:41:08	0:41:11
-..a woman, who has -a Welsh-sounding name, lives.	0:41:11	0:41:14
-Sos travels to her sports therapy -clinic in one of the trailers.	0:41:14	0:41:20
-Sos was a sports -and biology teacher...	0:41:20	0:41:23
-..who also taught yoga by night.	0:41:23	0:41:26
-Horse riding -is a major hobby of hers...	0:41:26	0:41:29
-..so she combined her expertise -to create the Fit 2 Ride company.	0:41:29	0:41:34
-To make life easier, Sos travels -to her clients for therapy sessions.	0:41:34	0:41:39
-Why did you decide to offer -a mobile service...	0:41:41	0:41:45
-..where you could visit -your clients?	0:41:45	0:41:48
-It was important for me to have -a trailer so that I could be mobile.	0:41:49	0:41:56
-I don't have much room here, -so it makes life easier.	0:41:57	0:42:02
-More importantly, I can now see -my clients on competition days.	0:42:02	0:42:12
-I can offer them a therapy session -in the trailer.	0:42:13	0:42:19
-They are treated instantly -so they can carry on competing.	0:42:19	0:42:24
-As a sports therapist, -what kind of service do you provide?	0:42:24	0:42:28
-I check people's postures -and see how they hold themselves.	0:42:32	0:42:37
-It's a sort of screening test.	0:42:37	0:42:43
-I offer them solutions -and simple exercises.	0:42:43	0:42:51
-Off we go to see Sos at work.	0:42:57	0:43:00
-She has an appointment -at nearby stables.	0:43:00	0:43:03
-Anyone can hire a small trailer.	0:43:04	0:43:06
-That's what I did for years -to transport my horse.	0:43:06	0:43:09
-But a special licence is required -for a trailer like mine...	0:43:10	0:43:16
-..because there have been -so many accidents.	0:43:17	0:43:23
-Her client today is Louise, a member -of the national horse riding team.	0:43:34	0:43:39
-SHE SPEAKS DANISH	0:43:40	0:43:42
-Before assessing her balance...	0:43:49	0:43:52
-..Sos asks her to stand on two -separate scales...	0:43:52	0:43:55
-..in order to see if she places more -weight on one foot than the other.	0:43:56	0:44:01
-Why did you decide to consult Sos -for sports therapy sessions?	0:44:02	0:44:07
-I used to carry my weight on -the right side without realizing it.	0:44:13	0:44:17
-I heard about Sos -from a friend who's a physio.	0:44:18	0:44:22
-I came to her -to correct my balance...	0:44:22	0:44:24
-..to improve my posture -when horse riding.	0:44:25	0:44:28
-THEY SPEAK DANISH	0:44:28	0:44:30
-I love horse riding too.	0:44:34	0:44:36
-It's an opportunity to have a -brief session to correct my balance.	0:44:36	0:44:41
-SHE SPEAKS DANISH	0:44:41	0:44:43
-Forward. Back.	0:44:49	0:44:51
-HE WINCES	0:44:51	0:44:53
-This test confirms -that your right side is very stiff.	0:44:56	0:45:02
-When you want to turn to the left, -you have to stretch your right side.	0:45:03	0:45:09
-Lift your right leg to correct this. -It's difficult to lean to the left.	0:45:09	0:45:15
-I know now that we need -to work on your right side.	0:45:15	0:45:21
-Why is this trailer -so important to your work?	0:45:22	0:45:25
-What would you have to do -if you didn't have one?	0:45:25	0:45:28
-Having a trailer is great for me -in many ways.	0:45:30	0:45:35
-Now, when I run courses -and have 16 people attending...	0:45:35	0:45:40
-..I can bring the equipment with me, -no matter how far I travel.	0:45:40	0:45:47
-I'm able to be on site -during competition...	0:45:47	0:45:52
-..and have the equipment to hand.	0:45:52	0:45:56
-It's not just horse riders -that you treat...	0:45:56	0:46:00
-..you deal with people -from other sporting backgrounds too.	0:46:00	0:46:04
-I work with golfers, -tennis players...	0:46:06	0:46:14
-..and various other disciplines.	0:46:14	0:46:19
-Everybody can improve in their -chosen sport with the right posture.	0:46:19	0:46:25
-I'm already leaning to the right!	0:46:27	0:46:29
-It's been interesting to see...	0:46:39	0:46:41
-..how Sos has modified her trailer -to suit her needs.	0:46:42	0:46:45
-These trailers are known -throughout Europe...	0:46:46	0:46:49
-..for their durability -and versatility.	0:46:49	0:46:52
-There's nothing more recognizable -than Welsh slate...	0:46:53	0:46:57
-..that plays such an important role -in European architecture.	0:46:57	0:47:01
-And nutritious mussels from -the freshwaters of the Menai...	0:47:01	0:47:05
-..are important ingredients in -European kitchens and restaurants.	0:47:06	0:47:11
-What do they have in common?	0:47:11	0:47:13
-They all come from Wales.	0:47:14	0:47:15
-S4C Subtitles by Adnod Cyf.	0:47:32	0:47:35
-.	0:47:35	0:47:36

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