Episode 14 University Challenge

Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman.

Hello. This is the last of the first-round matches.

13 teams are already through to the next stage

and whichever team wins tonight will join them. We'll also know the four highest-scoring losing teams

who'll compete again in the play-offs. Both teams will want to know that the score to beat is 140.

The London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine is Britain's national school of public health.

With over 4,000 students, it's the largest in Europe.

It's also a constituent college of the University of London and was founded in 1899

by Sir Patrick Manson, the founding father of tropical medicine.

Tonight's team are postgraduates, reflecting the college's demographic and with an average age of 26.

Despite being science specialists, they tell us they do know about Beethoven as well as bacteria.

-Let's meet them.

-I'm John Bradley from Essex, studying Medical Statistics.

I'm Grace Eckhoff from the US, studying a Master's in Control of Infectious Disease.

-And their captain...

-I'm Martin Harker from Middlesex, studying for a Master's in Public Health.

Hi, I'm Michael Wallace from Oxford, studying for a PhD in Statistics.

APPLAUSE

The University of Nottingham began life as a civic college. Gladstone laid the foundation stone in 1877.

It expanded after WWI thanks to the generosity of Jesse Boot, founder of the high street chemist.

DH Lawrence got his teaching certificate there and visiting lecturers included Einstein.

It received its Royal Charter in 1948, and alumni have included the Head of MI6, Sir John Sawers,

Sir Ian Wilmut who cloned Dolly the sheep,

and Dr Stewart Adams, who made an invaluable contribution to students as an inventor of Ibuprofen.

Representing around 33,000 students and with an average age of 27, let's meet the Nottingham team.

Hello. I'm Harry Dalton from London, studying Politics.

Hello. I'm Matthew Byrne from Dorset, studying French and German.

-And their captain...

-Hello, I'm Lee Cooper, from Nottingham, and I'm reading Physiotherapy.

Hello. I'm Ewan Pickard, from Stoke-on-Trent, studying Chemistry.

APPLAUSE

OK, you know the rules. 10 for starters, 15 for bonuses, 5-point penalty if you interrupt wrongly.

Fingers on buzzers. Here's your first starter for 10.

"Complementi, you bitch. I am wracked by the seven jealousies."

This was the response of Ezra Pound on reading the almost-completed manuscript of which poem...

-The Waste Land.

-Correct.

Right, the first set of bonuses are on the peace treaties of World War One.

10 weeks after signing the Treaty of Versailles with Germany in June, 1919, which political entity

formally ceased to exist as a result of the Treaty of Saint-Germain?

League of Nations?

It's after the war. Austria-Hungary?

Austria-Hungary?

-Austria-Hungary?

-Correct. The treaty with the new Republic of Hungary wasn't signed until June, 1920

when the formal ceremony took place in which palace, built for Louis XIV in the park of Versailles?

Oh, what is it? The Grand Tranion.

Wasn't it? The Grand Tranion.

-Nominate Dalton.

-Er, the Grand Tranion?

-I think I'll accept that. It's the Grand Trianon.

-Yeah.

-You've got the right place.

Finally, which of the three allies known as the Entente Powers in 1914

did not sign the Treaty of Versailles with Germany in 1919?

Russia.

-Russia.

-Russia is correct. 10 points for this.

Deaf from childhood, who used Morse Code to propose to Mina Miller, who became his second wife in 1886?

Born in Ohio in 1847, his work as an inventor led him...

-Edison?

-Thomas Edison is right.

Your bonuses now are on a novel by Jane Austen.

According to the OED, the term "base ball" is first recorded in English in which novel by Jane Austen,

who writes that Catherine, at the age of 14, preferred, "cricket, base ball, riding on horseback

"and running about the country... to books or at least books of information."?

Is it Emma?

Mansfield Park?

-Mans...

-Northanger Abbey?

-I need an answer.

-Northanger Abbey.

-Correct, yes.

In Northanger Abbey, Catherine becomes obsessed with which Gothic novel by Mrs Ann Radcliffe,

opening in the late 16th century and concerning Emily St Aubert?

-No, we don't know.

-The Mysteries of Udolpho. A passage from Northanger Abbey appears as a preface

to which novel by Ian McEwan, in which Briony Tallis makes mistakes that parallel those of Catherine?

-Atonement.

-Correct. Another starter. Which non-SI unit of gravitational acceleration

is equal to one centimetre per second squared and is named after the scientist who discovered

-that different objects fall at the same speed...

-Galileo?

No, you lose 5 points. ..because they experience the same gravitational acceleration?

-Laplace?

-No, it's a gal, named after Galileo, of course, but I wanted the unit. 10 points for this.

Better known for the novella Love Story, the US author Erich Segal co-authored the screenplay

for which animated film of 1968 in which Pepperland is threatened by the Blue Meanies?

-Yellow Submarine?

-Correct.

Your bonuses are on the mammalian respiratory system. Firstly for 5,

what term describes the two tubes supported by cartilage produced by bifurcation of the trachea

near the centre of the chest?

-Bronchus.

-Correct. Normal, resting inhalation is achieved by the contraction

of the external intercostal muscles and which other muscle?

-Diaphragm.

-Yes. What term describes the serous membranes that line the body cavity and surround the lungs?

-Parenchyma?

-No, it's the pleural. Another starter question now, this time of a picture variety.

You'll see the flag of an English county. 10 points if you can name the county.

Warwickshire.

Anyone like to buzz from Nottingham?

-Northumberland?

-It is Northumberland, yes!

Right, you get the picture bonuses.

They are more modern flags of counties or historical regions

whose names are associated with Anglo-Saxon England. 5 points for each county you can identify.

Firstly, this historical region.

THEY CONFER

-Wessex.

-It is Wessex, yes. Secondly, this county.

-Essex.

-Correct. And, finally, this county.

-Kent.

-Well done.

Another starter question now.

Listen carefully and answer as soon as you buzz.

Between 1955 and 2010, five UK football clubs won the European Champions League

and its predecessor the European Champions Cup. Two of them are Liverpool and Manchester United.

For 10 points, name two of the other three.

-Aston Villa and Nottingham Forest.

-Correct. The other one was Celtic.

Right. Your bonuses are on a banking scandal.

In 1838, John Sadleir founded a bank bearing the name of which large Irish county?

He became an MP, embezzled more than £200,000 and, in 1856, was found dead on Hampstead Heath

alongside a vial of prussic acid.

-Cork?

-No, it was Tipperary.

Mr Merdle, a politician allegedly based on Sadleir, takes his life

after the crash of "a certain bank" in which novel by Charles Dickens?

-Little Dorrit.

-Correct. Also thought to be based on Sadleir,

financier and MP Augustus Melmotte kills himself with prussic acid

in the 1875 novel The Way We Live Now. Who was the author?

-Anthony Trollope?

-It was, yes.

10 points for this. A nephew of Sigmund Freud, born in 1891,

Edward Bernays was a pioneer in what field? He described...

-Advertising and PR.

-Yes, I'll accept that. Public relations and propaganda.

Your bonuses are on torments in the Underworld, according to Homer's Odyssey.

Punished for assaulting Leto, Tityus is seen by Odysseus as an enormous figure

covering nine acres of land in Hades, and being subjected to what particular torment?

-Ploughing?

-No, vultures tear at his liver. No doubt feels like ploughing!

His name used adjectivally to mean "endlessly laborious", which evil-doer was condemned

to roll an immense boulder uphill and to repeat the task perpetually?

-Sisyphus.

-Correct. Which Lydian king killed his son Pelops and offered his flesh to the gods?

In the Underworld, fruit and water eternally receded from him when he tried to reach for them.

-Tantalus.

-Yes. 10 points for this. Exposing uranium oxide to neutrons from a cyclotron,

a team at the Berkeley Radiation Lab led by Edwin McMillan in 1940 produced which radioactive metal...

-Plutonium?

-No, costs you 5 points, I'm afraid.

..the first of the transuranic elements to be synthesised?

-Berkelium?

-No, it's neptunium. 10 points for this. Give the first four words of the title

of the 1992 work in which the US philosopher Francis Fukuyama claimed...

-The End of History.

-Correct.

Your bonuses are on a prominent family. The Last Empress by Hannah Pakula

is a biography of Soon May-Ling who, in 1943, became

only the second woman to address a joint session of the US Congress. To which leader was she married?

-Chiang Kai-Shek.

-Chiang Kai-Shek?

-Yes.

Later a high-ranking figure in Communist China, May-Ling's older sister, Ch'ing-Ling, was the wife

of which Chinese revolutionary who died in 1925?

-We don't know.

-Sun Yat-Sen. Ai-Ling, the oldest of the three sisters, was married to HH Kung,

said to have been the richest man in China. He held what office from 1933 to 1944?

-Head of the Chinese Army?

-No, Finance Minister.

Alleged to have involved the intemperate use of laudanum,

which composer's obsessive love for the actress Harriet Smithson inspired his Symphonie Fantastique?

-Berlioz.

-Berlioz is right.

Your bonuses are on volcanoes.

From the Greek for "ash", what term denotes any dust or rock fragments ejected by a volcanic eruption?

-Fragma.

-Tephra. What term describes the light porous rock formed by consolidated volcanic ash?

-Pumice.

-No, it's tuff.

Deriving in part from Greek terms for fire and broken in pieces,

what term denotes hot, fast-moving tephra that rolls down the sides of a volcano

and along the ground?

-Pyroclastic flow.

-Correct. 10 points for this. Known as Queen of the South, which Scottish town

was Robert Burns' home for the last five years of his life?

Its name forms part of the council area in which it is located, the other part being Galloway.

-Dumfries.

-Dumfries is right, yes.

Your bonuses this time are on political figures born in 1911.

Born in the Auvergne in 1911, who succeeded Charles de Gaulle as President of France in 1969?

-Sorry.

-Georges Pompidou. "He served the Soviet Union more ardently than the Soviet leaders themselves did."

These words describe Todor Zhivkov, the ruler of which country from the 1950s to 1989?

-Eastern European country?

-I don't know.

-Czechoslovakia.

-No, he was Bulgaria.

"A triumph of the embalmer's art" was Gore Vidal's description of which US President, born in 1911?

WHISPERING

-Ronald Reagan?

-Yes, of course!

We'll take a music round now. For your starter, you'll hear a piece of popular music.

Ten points if you can give me the title of the song.

# You and I in a little... #

-Neunundneunzig Luftballons.

-Give the title in English.

-99 Air Balloons. Red Balloons.

99 Red Balloons is correct, yes. You've given it in German. That's even better!

Following on from that song by Nena, three more songs that have numbers in their title or lyrics.

In each case, I want you to perform a mathematical operation connected with those numbers.

Firstly, I want you to multiply the number in the title of the starter song

with the number in the title of this song.

# When I'm lonely Well, I know I'm gonna be

# I'm gonna be the man who's lonely without you

# And when I'm dreaming Well, I know I'm gonna dream

# I'm gonna dream about the time when I'm with you

# When I go out... #

49,500.

Well done indeed. 500 Miles.

Secondly, the answer if you divide that figure by the number to which this song refers?

-# And that's the magic number... #

-3?

# Difficult preaching is Posdnuos' pleasure, pleasure and preaching starts in the heart

# Something that stimulates the music in my measure, measure in my music, raised in three parts

# Casually see but don't do like the Soul cos seein' and doin'... #

-49,500, so 3 into 4 is 1...

-LAUGHTER

-163...

-No, no. It's 16,500. Bad luck.

What's the answer if you square the number in the title of this song

and subtract that total from 16,500?

# Me and some guys from school

# Had a band and we tried real hard

# Jimmy quit, Jody got married

# I shoulda known we'd never get far

# Oh, when I look back now

# That summer seemed to last for ever... #

It's even harder to answer than ask. We don't know.

Well, it's 11,739.

It's 69 times 69 and then heretofore referred to.

Ten points for this starter.

In Jaques' Seven Ages Of Man speech in Shakespeare's As You Like It,

which age is characterised by him as having a "fair round belly with good capon lin'd,

"with eyes severe and beard of formal cut, full of wise saws and modern instances"?

What is manhood?

No. Nottingham, one of you buzz?

-Middle age?

-No, it's justice. Ten points for this.

What six-letter word appears in the Gospels of Matthew and Mark in the King James Bible

to mean a minor point of law and is now used for small diacritic marks such as the dot...

-Tittle.

-Tittle is right, yes.

Your bonuses now are on animals.

In January 1961, Ham returned safely after being sent into space by the United States.

What species was he?

-Chimpanzee.

-The chimpanzee.

-Correct. In 1967, which primatologist became Scientific Director

of the Gombe Research Institute in Tanzania where she carried out a study of chimpanzees

to show the complexity of primate behaviour?

-Jane Goodall.

-Correct. James Lever was longlisted for the 2009 Man Booker Prize for his satire

on the genre of the Hollywood memoir in the form of the supposed autobiography of which chimpanzee?

-Michael Jackson's pet Bubbles.

-No, it was Cheeta. Ten points for this.

Which British nobleman and diplomat was attacked by Byron

in the Second Canto of Childe Harold's Pilgrimage in lines referring to his time in Greece:

"Dull is the eye that will not weep to see thy walls defaced, thy mouldering..."

-Elgin?

-It was the Earl of Elgin, yes.

Your bonuses now are on expressions in which the last two letters of the first word

and the first two letters of the second word are the same, such as "apple lemonade" or "tomato torte".

In each case, give the name of the food or drink from the definition.

Firstly, a Japanese dish in which fermented bean paste is mixed with a stock called dashi?

WHISPERING

-Sorry.

-That's miso soup.

Secondly, an infusion of Camellia sinensis, flavoured with Theobroma cacao?

Something to do with chocolate and cocoa.

-Chocolate tea.

-Correct.

Cheese from North Holland that has been cured, for example, over a wood fire?

-Smoked Edam.

-Yes!

Right, another starter question.

In 1804, on a track used by horse-drawn mining carts

at the Pen-y-Darren Ironworks near Merthyr Tydfil,

which Cornish engineer ran the first steam...

-Richard Trevithick.

-Trevithick is correct.

Your bonuses now - that's given you the lead too - are on optometry.

What condition of the eye is associated

with elevated intraocular pressure as measured by tonometry?

-Glaucoma.

-Correct. If the grid of an Amsler Chart appears distorted or has missing lines,

what eye condition is indicated?

-Astigmatism?

-No, it's macular degeneration.

And finally, what refractive error is corrected by spectacles with concave lenses?

-Myopia.

-Myopia, short-sightedness, yes. Another picture round now.

For your starter, you'll see a portrait of an English king. Ten points if you can name him.

-John the First.

-Anyone like to buzz from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine?

-Alfred.

-No, it's Edward the First. Picture bonuses shortly. Ten points for this starter question.

Fingers on the buzzers. Listen carefully.

If the French numbers from one to five are ordered both numerically and alphabetically,

which one comes in the same position on each list?

-Two.

-Two, "deux", yes.

So you get the picture bonuses, Nottingham.

You saw a portrait of Edward the First for the picture starter.

Throughout his reign, Edward built the famous Ring of Steel fortresses in North Wales.

You'll see three of the castles that made up the Ring. Five points for each of them you can name.

Firstly, this castle?

-Caernarfon?

-Caernarfon.

No, that's Conwy Castle. Secondly?

-Ludlow.

-No, that's Denbigh. And finally?

-That's Caernarfon.

-That is Caernarfon, yes. Another starter question now.

Which work of fiction comes next in this list, given in reverse chronological order -

The Three Hostages, Mr Standfast, Greenmantle and...?

-The Thirty-Nine Steps.

-The Thirty-Nine Steps is right. That gives you the lead.

Your bonuses are on Canada. Extending northward above the Arctic Circle to the Beaufort Sea,

which territory has Whitehorse as its capital and contains Canada's highest mountain, Mount Logan?

WHISPERING

-Yukon.

-Yes. Edmonton and Calgary are cities in which province,

lying between British Columbia and Saskatchewan?

-Alberta.

-Correct. Four Canadian provinces and territories border on Hudson Bay.

Nunavut, Ontario and Quebec are three. What is the fourth?

WHISPERING

-Manitoba.

-Correct. Four and a half minutes to go. Ten points for this.

Believed to have been founded by Cluniac monks over 900 years ago,

St John's Parish Church in Halifax was in 2009 awarded what status

which it shares with places of worship in Dewsbury, Beverley and York?

-UNESCO World Heritage Site?

-Anyone like to buzz from Nottingham?

-English Heritage status.

-No, it's Minster. Ten points for this.

In physics, what is the value of the magnetic flux through any closed surface?

-Zero.

-Zero is right, yes.

These bonuses are on Scottish islands.

Which novel by Virginia Woolf is set in the summer home of the Ramsay family on the Isle of Skye?

-No, sorry.

-To The Lighthouse. Which Hebridean island did Samuel Johnson describe as "the illustrious island,

"whence savage clans and roving barbarians derived the benefits of knowledge

"and the blessings of religion"?

-Iona.

-Correct. George Orwell wrote Nineteen Eighty-Four

on which island of the Inner Hebrides, renowned for its prominent mountains known as the Paps?

-Mull.

-No, it's Jura. Ten points for this. Based on the same principles

as acupuncture but without the use of needles,

which massage technique takes its name from the Japanese for "finger pressure"?

-Shiatsu.

-Shiatsu is right.

Your bonuses are on medical terms, Nottingham.

I want the term from the description given.

First for five points, a steroid hormone that develops or maintains female characteristics of the body?

-Oestrogen.

-Correct. An abnormal accumulation of watery fluid in the cavities or tissues of the body?

-Oedema.

-Correct. Finally, that part of the alimentary canal between the mouth and the stomach?

-Oesophagus.

-Correct. Another starter question now. Answer as soon as you buzz.

In which ocean is the point at which the Greenwich Meridian crosses the Equator?

-Atlantic.

-Atlantic is correct, yes.

You get a set of bonuses on chapel frescoes.

Born around 1266, which artist depicted the life of Christ

in fresco cycles at the Arena Chapel in Padua?

Scrovegni Chapel, um...

-I need an answer. Come on.

-It's the Father of Whatsit... Um...

-No, it's gone.

-I'm sorry. That's Giotto.

Given a nickname meaning Clumsy Tom, which early Renaissance painter decorated the Brancacci Chapel

with frescoes that later served as a school to Florentine artists?

-Don't know.

-Masaccio. Which "Warrior Pope" commissioned Michelangelo

to repaint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in 1508 after it had been frescoed

by Piero Matteo D'Amelia to depict a starry sky?

-Julius II.

-Correct. Another starter question. Which 19th century Swiss geometer gave his name

to the notation consisting of curly brackets surrounding one or more integers

to represent regular polytopes?

-Bernoulli?

-No. Anyone like to buzz from Nottingham quickly?

-Paracelsus.

-No, it's Schlafli. Ten points for this.

Mercedes Mondego, the Abbe Faria and Edmond Dantes...

-The Count Of Monte Cristo.

-Correct.

Your bonuses are on words ending in "verse", V-E-R-S-E. In each case, give the word from the definition.

The side of a coin that bears a monarch's head or other symbol of state?

-Obverse.

-Yes. In anatomy, a plane crossing the body at right angles to the coronal and sagittal planes?

-Transverse.

-Correct. The third word of the title of a 1982 work by Douglas Adams?

-Universe.

-Correct. Another starter question.

Ashtanga, Anusara, Bikram and Iyen...

-Yoga.

-Yoga is right, yes.

Your bonuses now are on emblems.

Existing in several variants from 1922 to 1991,

the state emblem of the Soviet Union showed a hammer and sickle superimposed on what?

-A red field.

-No, it was a globe.

The coat of arms of which EU member state...

-GONG

-And at the gong,

the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine have 155,

Nottingham University have 215.

You had the lead. They drew away in the last bit, but it's a good score, 155, and we have good news for you.

Nottingham, well done. 215 is a very good score. We shall look forward to seeing you in Round 2.

We now know that the four highest scoring losing teams competing in the play-offs are:

Join us next time for the first play-off.

-Until then, it's goodbye from the London School.

-Goodbye.

-It's goodbye from Nottingham.

-Goodbye.

-And it's goodbye from me.

Subtitles by Subtext for Red Bee Media Ltd 2011

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