Episode 5 University Challenge

APPLAUSE

University Challenge.

Asking the questions, Jeremy Paxman.

Hello. Two more teams are preparing not just to answer some taxing

general knowledge questions but to do so

under the disobliging glare of friends, family, tutors,

supervisors and a well-informed audience of taxpaying millions.

There's a place in the second round for whichever team holds its nerve.

Now, although it was first mooted in the early 17th century,

York University didn't come into being until 1963,

since when its alumni have included the writers

Graham Swift, Anthony Horowitz and Sally Wainwright,

the politician Harriet Harman

and the former BBC director-general Greg Dyke.

Of perhaps greater renown are the university's ducks,

all celebrities in their own right and all competing to be

Duck of the Day on a Facebook page with nearly 56,000 followers.

What do these people do all day?!

Facing a competition of a different kind tonight,

with an average age of 23

and representing around 15,000 non-avians,

let's meet the York team.

Hi, I'm Connor Bindler, I'm from London, I'm studying history.

Hi, I'm Ben Longworth from Halifax in West Yorkshire,

and I'm studying for a PGCE in history.

-And their captain.

-Hello, my name is Benjamin Maier, I'm from Oxford

and I'm studying English.

Hello, I'm Matthew de Sousa, I'm from Macclesfield in Cheshire

and I'm studying medicine.

APPLAUSE

Now, Warwick University is a near-contemporary

of its opponents tonight, having received its royal charter in 1965.

Alumni include the politicians Andrea Leadsom and David Davis,

the writers and performers Ruth Jones and Stephen Merchant

and the broadcaster Simon Mayo.

The university is also home to an enterprising boat club which since

2009 has produced an annual nude calendar, which, mercifully,

we don't have a copy of.

Tonight's fully clothed team have an average age of 24

and represent 22,000 students. Let's meet the Warwick team.

Hi, I'm Flora Jackson, I'm originally from York

and I'm studying English and creative writing.

Hello, I'm Daniel Arribas, I'm from Madrid and I'm studying maths.

-And this is their captain.

-Hi, I'm Ben Salter,

I'm originally from Wiveliscombe in Somerset,

and I'm reading mathematics.

Hello, I'm Charlotte Symons, I'm originally from Mid Wales

and I'm studying for an MA in writing.

APPLAUSE

Well, the rules are the same as ever on this show -

ten points for starter questions, 15 for bonuses.

Starter questions you must answer on your own.

Fingers on the buzzers. Here's your first starter for ten.

What seven-letter word connects a dough or batter containing

wild yeast and bacteria for making sourdough,

an electric motor responsible for turning over an...?

Starter.

Starter is correct, yes. APPLAUSE

Warwick, the first bonuses are on poetry.

"All that glisters is not gold Often have ye heard that told."

In which play by Shakespeare do those lines occur?

Merchant Of Venice.

Correct. Secondly,

"Nor all that glisters gold" is the final line of the poem

entitled On A Favourite Cat Drowned In A Tub Of Goldfishes.

Which 18th-century poet was the author?

-Pope?

-You think Pope?

-Pope, yeah.

-Why not?

Pope.

-No, it was Thomas Gray.

-Oh, OK.

"All that is gold does not glitter Not all those who wander are lost."

These lines from Tolkien's The Fellowship Of The Ring refer

to which character?

-Gollum?

-Gandalf?

-He wanders. Gandalf wanders.

-Oh, could be, yeah.

-No, it's Aragorn.

-Are you sure?

-Mm.

Aragorn.

-Correct.

-Nice!

Ten points for this. APPLAUSE

Which US state has given its name

to the element formerly known by the placeholder name ununseptium?

California.

No. You lose five points.

The state's name was chosen to acknowledge both

the Vanderbilt University and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory.

Tennessee?

Tennessee is correct, yes. APPLAUSE

Your bonuses are on figures of the Scottish Enlightenment, Warwick.

The six-volume History Of England

and A Treatise Of Human Nature are among the works of which

empiricist philosopher, born in Edinburgh in 1711?

Hume.

Correct. Which philosopher was born in 1723

and died at St Andrews in 1816?

He's been described as the father of modern sociology, and his most

notable work is his 1767 essay On The History Of Civil Society.

-Oh... Not Blackstone, is it? Could be. Any ideas?

-No.

Blackstone?

No, it's Adam Ferguson of Raith.

And finally, in 1759, The Theory Of Moral Sentiments is a work

by which philosopher and political economist?

His magnum opus of 1776 is widely regarded as the first

work of modern economics.

Smith.

Correct. Adam Smith is correct. APPLAUSE

Right, ten points for this.

Of what prominent structure did the art critic Robert Hughes say,

"One thing is sure, this is the first Catholic temple whose

"bacon was ever saved by Shinto tourism -

"not even Gaudi, who believed in miracles, could have foreseen that"?

The Sagrada Familia?

Correct. APPLAUSE

Three questions on ancient writings for you, Warwick, now.

In which present-day country are the Bisotun Cliffs,

the site of a set of cuneiform inscriptions that

helped in the deciphering of Elamite, Old Persian and Akkadian?

-Iran, I think.

-Iran?

-Or Iraq.

-I think it's Iran.

-Iran, with an N?

-Yeah.

-OK.

Iran?

-Correct.

-Nice.

Which scroll is a key written example of the ancient

Egyptian approach to mathematical problem solving?

It's often named after the Scottish lawyer who acquired

it in Egypt in the 1850s.

-That one's beyond me.

-I'm sure it's famous, but...

-Rosetta?

-No, it's a scroll.

-Sorry.

-I mean...

-It's named after a city.

Named after a city, you say?

Give me a city.

-Perth.

-No, it's after a lawyer.

-Oh.

Er, MacDonald.

No, it's the Rhind Papyrus.

And finally, the Rosetta Stone bears writing in three different

scripts. Egyptian demotic is one. Name the other two.

-Hieroglyphs. Greek.

-Yeah.

Hieroglyphs and Greek.

Correct. APPLAUSE

Ten points for this.

"The incomparable light of English letters" - these

words of the Dutch humanist Erasmus refer to which court poet, whose...?

Thomas Wyatt?

No. You lose five points.

..whose satirical poems include Phillip Sparrow and Ware The Hawk?

In 1512, he was granted the title orator regius by Henry VIII,

whose tutor he'd once been.

Sidney?

No, it's John Skelton. Ten points for this.

Which upper-case Greek letter represents, in statistics,

the sample, space or total set of possible outcomes...?

Omega?

Omega is correct, yes. APPLAUSE

These bonuses are on minimalism, Warwick.

"Less is more" and "God is in the details" are phrases

associated with which minimalist architect, born in Germany in 1886?

His buildings include Farnsworth House in Illinois

and the Seagram Building in New York City.

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.

Correct.

Consisting of 120 identical firebricks arranged in various

configurations, the series of installations

known as Equivalents was created by which American minimalist artist?

Er...!

-Minimalist artist?

-Rothko?

-Could be Rothko. Yeah, why not?

Rothko?

No, it was Carl Andre.

And finally, described as a 30-second play consisting

only of a pile of rubbish, a breath and a cry, the minimalist

1969 stage work with the title Breath

was created by which Nobel laureate?

Beckett.

Samuel Beckett is right. APPLAUSE

We're going to take our first picture round now.

For your picture starter, you're going to see a chart

showing details of a decisive battle.

For ten points, I want you to identify the present-day

country whose independence this battle helped secure.

Chile?

Chile is correct. It's the Battle of Chacabuco during

the Chilean War of Independence. APPLAUSE

OK, so your picture bonuses are graphics relating to

three more notable events of 1817.

Firstly, what is the name of the waterway in red begun in 1817?

-Looks like the Mojave river.

-No, it's the Great Lakes.

Is it the Hudson-Ontario...?

-Hudson-Eyrie Canal?

-Yeah.

-Eyrie-Hudson Canal, you think?

-Nominate Jackson.

-Eyrie-Hudson Canal?

I'll accept that. Normally known as the Eyrie Canal, just, I think.

Secondly, name the missing element discovered in 1817.

Oh, God, next to silver...

Oh, is that...? No, it's not that.

-What's below zinc?

-Oh, cadmium.

-Cadmium?

-I can't see cadmium on there.

-I think it's cadmium.

-Why not?

Cadmium?

-Correct.

-Nice.

-Yeah, well done.

And finally, can you name this bridge,

opened by the Prince Regent in 1817?

Oh, gosh. It's not Tower Bridge, is it?

No, it's definitely not Tower Bridge.

It's over near Westminster, but not quite.

-Vauxhall...?

-Is that a bridge?

-Probably...?

-Blackfriars, maybe?

-Blackfriars Bridge?

-That is a bridge.

-Why not?

Blackfriars Bridge?

No, it's Waterloo Bridge.

-Oh, OK.

-Ten points for this.

Consisting of three vertical bands,

the flag of which EU member state could be described by the names

of the seas on which the ports of Odessa, Incheon and...?

Ukraine?

No. You lose five points. ..Incheon and Suez respectively are situated?

One of you buzz from York.

Belgium?

Belgium is correct, yes! APPLAUSE

That gets you off the mark - or gets you to zero, anyway.

Your bonuses now are on analytical techniques used in art conservation.

Firstly, name the technique by which chemicals in the paint's

binding medium can be identified by the sorting of gaseous

ions in electric and magnetic fields

according to their mass-to-charge ratios.

-Any idea?

-Mass spectrometry.

-Mass spectrometry?

-Yeah.

-Nominate me, if you want.

-Nominate de Sousa.

Mass spectrometry?

Correct.

Born in 1888, which Indian Nobel laureate gives his name to a type

of spectroscopy that, among other applications, allows

characterisation of pigments used in a painting?

QUIET CONVERSATION

Ramanajan.

Er, no, it's CV Raman.

And finally, involving electromagnetic radiation

with wavelengths of 0.1 to 7.5 times ten to the minus five centimetres,

which imaging technique is used to see the underdrawings

and later revisions by the artist?

X-ray crystallography.

X-ray crystallography.

It's infrared. Ten points for this.

What five-letter surname connects

the New York State governor who was the Republican presidential

nominee in 1944 and '48, the pragmatist philosopher who led

the progressive movement in education...?

Smith.

No. You lose five points.

..and the originator of a numerical library classification system?

Dewey.

Dewey is correct, yes. APPLAUSE

Your bonuses are on post-war US presidential elections.

Firstly for five points, the South Dakota Democrat George McGovern

lost 49 states in the 1972 election.

Which Republican won?

-Reagan.

-Nixon.

-No, Reagan.

-You sure?

-'72. It's Nixon.

-Did he say '72?

Yeah. Nixon.

-Are you sure it's Nixon?

-'72, it's Nixon.

I only know that 49 states was also by Reagan in '84.

Er...

Nixon.

-It was Richard Nixon, yes.

-Oh, right.

Which Republican won only 52 electoral votes in 1964?

His campaign claimed, "In your heart you know he's right."

His opponents replied, "In your guts you know he's nuts."

-It's the Republican who went against LBJ.

-'64...

-Any ideas?

-LBJ... No.

-It's a person that's against LBJ.

-It's not Goldwater?

-We could try him.

-Goldwater?

Goldwater?

It was Barry Goldwater.

And finally, who won re-election by defeating Walter Mondale, winning

49 states with 525 electoral votes to his opponent's 13?

Reagan.

That WAS Ronald Reagan, yes. APPLAUSE

Ten points for this.

Quote - "The slamming of Helen Huntingdon's bedroom door

"against her husband reverberated throughout Victorian England."

These words of the author May Sinclair refer to which novel,

first published in 1848 under the pseudonym Acton...?

The Tenant Of Wildfell Hall.

Correct, yes. APPLAUSE

Right, you get a set of bonuses on Razia Sultan,

the first female Muslim ruler in the Indian subcontinent.

Firstly, in which city was Razia crowned in 1236?

It was the capital of the principal Muslim sultanate in north

India from the 13th to the 16th centuries.

Delhi.

Correct. Razia's father, Iltutmish,

named her as his successor despite having sons.

This incurred the displeasure of the Council of Forty,

composed of former slaves with origins in which country?

QUIET CONVERSATION

Persia, maybe?

-Afghanistan?

-Afghanistan?

Afghanistan?

No, it's Turkey.

Razia's preferential treatment of her Habshi advisor

Jamal-ud-Din Yaqut is believed to have caused her downfall.

The term "Habshi" is derived from the Arabic for Africans

from which present-day country?

Ethiopia.

Ethiopia.

Ethiopia or Eritrea is correct, yes. APPLAUSE

Right, we're going to take a music round now.

For your music starter, you'll hear a piece of popular music.

For ten points, I'd like you to identify the band.

MUSIC PLAYS

Blondie.

It is Blondie, yes.

Well done. Union City Blues. APPLAUSE

They made their name at the now-defunct New York club

CBGB in the mid-1970s,

which had become a focal point for the city's punk and new-wave scenes.

For your bonuses, three more bands closely associated with the CBGB,

and five points for each you can identify. Firstly...

-# Hold tight

-Wait till the party's over

-# Hold tight

-We're in for nasty weather... #

Talking Heads.

It was Talking Heads, Burning Down The House. Secondly...

# I wanna fly

# Fly a fountain

# I wanna jump, jump, jump

# Jump a mountain

-# I understand all

-I see no... #

Stranglers or Pretenders?

The Stranglers.

No, that's Television, See No Evil. And finally...

# Twenty-twenty-twenty-four hours to go

# I wanna be sedated... #

The Ramones.

The Ramones, I Wanna Be Sedated. APPLAUSE

Ten points for this.

What expression is the Japanese for "hello"

and is also the title of the 2016 Mercury Prize...

Konnichi wa?

Konnichi wa is correct. APPLAUSE

You get bonuses this time on diseases.

The answer in each case is derived from an African language, Warwick.

What condition is caused by severe protein deficiency?

It is characterised by reddish-orange

discolouration of the hair and symptoms including dry skin,

rashes, a potbelly and oedema.

Is this beriberi or pellagra?

"Beriberi" sounds like it could come from an African language.

Beriberi?

-No, it's kwashiorkor.

-Oh, yeah.

Secondly, which viral fever is transmitted by mosquitoes

and causes patients to walk with a stooped

posture as a result of severe musculoskeletal pain?

-Is that dengue fever?

-Yeah.

-Is dengue the tsetse fly?

Oh, no, that's sleeping sickness.

Dengue fever?

No, that's chikungunya.

And finally, which mosquito-borne viral disease is also called

breakbone fever?

Its name is thought to come from a Swahili phrase meaning

"disease caused by an evil spirit".

Dengue fever.

That IS dengue fever, yes. APPLAUSE

Right, ten points for this. Consisting of units of

the amino sugar glucosamine, which polysaccharide is...?

Chitin?

Chitin is correct, yes. APPLAUSE

These bonuses are on Robert Baden-Powell, Warwick.

First published in 1908,

which manual by Baden-Powell has the subtitle

A Handbook For Instruction In Good Citizenship Through Woodcraft?

I need the precise three-word title, please.

Scouting For Boys, I think.

Scouting For Boys?

Correct. Brownsea Island was the site of an experimental camp

organised by Baden-Powell in 1907

to test his ideas for the Scouting movement.

It lies in the harbour of which south-east port?

-South-east...

-Poole.

-Poole? Is it?

-Yeah.

Poole.

-Correct.

-Nice.

-And finally,

what is the two-word motto of the Scouts that

Baden-Powell claimed was inspired by his own initials?

"Be prepared."

Correct. Ten points for this. APPLAUSE

in which country is the National University of San Marcos,

usually regarded as the oldest in...?

Philippines.

No. You lose five points. ..regarded as the oldest in South America?

Founded by royal decree in 1551, its main campus

is about three kilometres from the Pacific Ocean.

Chile?

No, it's Peru. Ten points for this.

Which bird does Gerard Manley Hopkins describe as

"kingdom of daylight's dauphin, dapple-dawn-drawn falcon"?

The same bird is the title figure...

It's a kestrel.

It is a kestrel, or a windhover, as he calls it.

APPLAUSE Right, you get a set of bonuses,

then, on the hormone leptin, Warwick.

Specialised in producing and storing fat,

what type of connective-tissue cells secrete the satiety hormone leptin?

Sebum? No, it's the cells. Isn't it something in the pancreas?

Might not be. It's not in the skin.

Stomach or something, isn't it?

Oh... I don't know.

Epithelium or something.

Epithelial cells.

No, it's adipocytes.

Secondly, leptins are proteins belonging to which

class of intercellular messengers?

Examples include interleukins and interferons.

Oh. Maybe not hormones. I mean, it could be hormones.

-"Hormones" is in the first part of the question, though.

-Oh, OK, fine.

Er, in which case, I don't know. Catecholamines? They're a thing.

-I don't think it's that.

-I don't know.

Catecholamines?

No, it's cytokines.

Leptin expression and secretion

can be regulated by which endocrine hormone?

It's secreted by beta cells of the islets of Langerhans

in response to increased blood glucose concentration.

Insulin.

Correct. APPLAUSE

We're going to take another picture round now.

You will see a notable sculpture.

For ten points, name the European country in which it's located.

Spain.

Spain is right. It's the Court of the Lions in Alhambra, Granada.

APPLAUSE

Following on from the Court of the Lions at the Alhambra,

your picture bonuses are three more sculptures of lions.

Again, in each case simply name

the country where they're located. Firstly for five...

That is in...

-Greece. It's Mycenae in Greece.

-Are you sure? OK.

Greece.

It is! It's the Lion Gate at Mycenae. Secondly, where's this?

-Singapore.

-Singapore.

Singapore.

Singapore is correct. And finally...

-That one is lost on me.

-It looks Indian.

-Could be India, couldn't it?

-Or Sri Lanka. Oh, Sri Lanka is the...

-Sri Lanka has a lion on its flag, so it could be.

-OK.

Sri Lanka.

No, it's Cambodia. That's Angkor Wat. Ten points for this.

From the Greek for "two households",

what term in botany describes plants in which male and female organs are

separated on different individuals, thus ensuring cross-fertilisation?

Dichotoledanous?

No. Anyone want to buzz?

Angiosperms.

No, they're diecious.

Ten points for this. In February 2017,

a late goal by Vincent Aboubakar against Egypt helped which

country to win the Africa Cup of Nations for the fifth time?

Cameroon.

Cameroon is correct, yes. APPLAUSE

Right, these bonuses, York, are on UK geography.

In each case, give the predominant cardinal direction in which

one would travel in the shortest straight line from the first

town or city to the second. For example, Lancaster to York is east.

Firstly, Chester to Bangor, the university city.

West.

Correct. Secondly, Ballymena to Newry.

QUIET CONVERSATION

-I'd say north.

-Where is it, Ballymena?

-It's in Northern Ireland.

-Come on.

-Pick one.

East.

No, that's south. And finally, Leicester to Nottingham.

North.

That is north, yes. Well done. APPLAUSE

Ten points for this. Published in 2016, Here I Am

is the first novel in 11 years by which US

author, whose prizewinning Princeton thesis formed

the basis of his first novel, Everything Is Illuminated?

Jonathan Safran Foer.

Correct. APPLAUSE

You get a set of bonuses on royal burials, Warwick.

Charles II, Queen Anne and George II are all buried at Westminster Abbey

in a lady chapel constructed on the orders of which Tudor monarch?

-Was George II there?

-Yeah, he was.

-George III?

Tudor monarch.

-Hm...

-THEY LAUGH

-Henry VIII? Elizabeth? It could be any of them.

-Elizabeth?

I don't know.

Elizabeth I.

-No, it was Henry VII.

-Oh.

Charles I, William IV and Edward VII are among the British

monarchs buried at which place of worship within Windsor Castle?

-Do we know any places of worship within Windsor Castle at all?

-No.

-Any ideas?

-We've got to pass on that one.

-The George Chapel or something?

-Is that a thing?

-I think so...

-Why not?

The George Chapel.

It's St George's Chapel. I can't accept that.

Queen Victoria and Edward VIII are buried within

the estate of which former royal residence in Windsor?

Not Windsor Castle, then!

I would assume not, no! Does anyone have any ideas?

-No.

-We're bad on royal residences.

Er, Widdowson House.

No, it's Frogmore House. There's about three and a bit minutes to go

and ten points for this.

Which two consonants link Bos indicus, a humped species of ox,

the director of Moulin Rouge! and The Great Gatsby

and a pen name of Charles Dickens?

B and Z.

-Correct.

-Nice!

APPLAUSE

Right, your bonuses this time, Warwick,

are on British species of tit.

In each case, give the common name from the binomial.

First, Periparus ater.

The second part of the binomial refers to its distinctive cap.

Blue? Great?

Great tit?

-That's a thing.

-Crested tit.

-Crested tit? OK. Do you reckon it's that?

-Could be...!

-Why not?

The crested tit.

-No, it's a coal tit.

-Oh, OK.

Secondly, Aegithalos caudatus. The specific refers to the common name.

QUIET CONVERSATION

-It's all tits.

-Well, blue? Great?

-Yeah, blue.

-Blue?

Blue tit?

No, that's the long-tailed tit.

And finally, Cyanistes caeruleus...

Blue tit.

-Yeah.

-Sorry!

-Blue tit is correct. APPLAUSE

Right, ten points for this. Answer as soon as your name is called.

A transformer in an electrical circuit has a primary

coil of 1,200 turns and a secondary coil of 600 turns.

If the input voltage is 240 volts, what would be the output voltage?

120?

Correct! APPLAUSE

You get three questions on debut novels by musicians,

York, for your bonuses.

Which Canadian's first novel, The Favourite Game, charts the coming of

age of Laurence Breavman, the only son of a Jewish Montreal family?

Leonard Cohen?

Leonard Cohen?

Correct. Secondly, the children's fantasy novel Wildwood

is by Colin Meloy, the lead singer of which US band named

after participants in a Russian uprising towards the end of 1825?

The Decemberists.

The Decemberists is correct.

Which English musician described the many negative

reviews of his 2015 debut novel List Of The Lost as

"an attack against me as a human being"?

Morrissey.

Morrissey is correct. APPLAUSE

Ten points for this. "I've wasted time, and now doth time waste me..."

Richard II.

Richard II is correct. APPLAUSE

These bonuses are on elements known since antiquity.

In each case, name the element from its position on the periodic table.

Firstly for five, which element appears on the periodic

table below oxygen and between phosphorus and chlorine?

Er, this is sulfur, I believe.

Sulfur.

Correct.

Which element appears between tin and tellurium and above bismuth?

-That's antimony, isn't it?

-Yeah.... Arsenic?

Arsenic?

No, it's antimony.

Finally, which element appears between platinum and mercury

and below silver?

Gold.

Correct. Ten points for this. APPLAUSE

Prussia and Austria's war against which country is

the subject of a 2015 historical work entitled 1864...

GONG

And at the gong... APPLAUSE

..York have 80, Warwick University have 240.

Right, York, you came back from a catastrophically bad start,

but you didn't have quite enough time to make up the ground you

needed to make up.

Warwick, 240 is a terrific score. We shall look forward to seeing you

for sure in the next round. Many congratulations to you, too.

I hope you can join us next time for another first-round match,

but until then, it's goodbye from York University...

-ALL:

-Bye.

..it's goodbye from Warwick University...

-ALL:

-Goodbye.

-..and it's goodbye from me. Goodbye.