Episode 5 University Challenge

APPLAUSE

Asking the questions - Jeremy Paxman.

Hello. In this contest, that has a little more grey around the temples than its student counterpart,

we've reached the final match of the first round.

Eight of our graduate teams have played so far

and the winners are:

But with only four places in the semi-final round,

tonight's teams will both know that they need to win

with a score of more than 125

to knock out Manchester and to qualify for that stage.

Student teams from Trinity College Cambridge have been serious champions twice

and on the latter occasion, they were captained by their first player tonight,

who should be able to swat away any maths questions directed at him

since he runs a bootcamp for school students training for the Maths Olympiads.

With him is a novelist, poetry anthologist and TV producer,

whose output for the screen includes a major slice of the UK's lifestyle programming,

from Grand Designs to Escape To The Country.

Their captain is also a grand fromage in that industry,

he is the inventor of QI

and has a CV that includes Not The Nine O'Clock News, Spitting Image and Blackadder.

His mantelpiece positively groans under the weight of the awards.

Finally, a familiar face and voice, founder member of Channel 4 News, diplomatic editor for ITN,

and for ten years, the only person on Radio 4's Today programme

who sounded as if he hadn't got out of the wrong side of his bed that morning!

Let's hear their own versions of themselves.

Hello. I'm Robin Bhattacharyya.

I graduated from Trinity in 1995 in maths

and now I'm a maths teacher.

Hello. I'm Daisy Goodwin.

I left Trinity in 1983, where I read history,

and now I'm a writer and TV producer.

-And their captain.

-Hello, I'm John Lloyd.

I graduated from Trinity in 1973 with a law degree

and I'm the founder and series producer of QI.

I'm Edward Stourton. I read English and graduated in 1979

and I present the Sunday programme on Radio 4.

APPLAUSE

Now, playing them is the team from St Andrews University.

First, a theatre director and actor

who had the single line, "Here's your hat, Father" in the film Howard's End,

but delivered it with such eye-catching verve

that it led to roles in Pride and Prejudice, Bridget Jones's Diary,

Absolutely Fabulous and Casino Royale.

With him, a journalist who spent three years as a correspondent in Moscow

before joining his present newspaper,

for which he's been political editor and Chief of the Rome Bureau.

Their captain is one of the BBC's most familiar sports broadcasters,

having presented Grandstand, Football Focus and the Open Golf Championships.

She should've picked up some tips on the way about captaincy, with any luck.

Failing that, she can defer to the former Commanding Officer of the Household Cavalry,

a lieutenant general, who's seen active service in the Balkans, Afghanistan and Iraq.

Let's put the team from St Andrews on parade, then.

Hello, I'm Crispin Bonham-Carter. I graduated from St Andrews in 1992

with a joint honours in Latin and Greek.

I now teach English at Alexandra Park School,

an outstanding comprehensive in Haringey.

Hello, I'm James Blitz. I graduated from St Andrews in 1983 in modern history

and I'm defence editor of the Financial Times.

-And their captain.

-Hello, I'm Hazel Irvine.

I graduated with an honours degree in the history of art in 1986

and I'm now putting that to full use as a sports broadcaster for BBC Television!

I'm Barney White-Spunner. I left St Andrews in 1978 with a degree in history and economics

and I've recently retired from the army.

APPLAUSE

The rules are the same as they always are.

10 points for starters, 15 for bonuses. Starters are solo efforts, bonuses team efforts.

Five-point penalty for incorrect interruptions to starters.

Fingers on buzzers. Here's your first starter for 10. You can answer in English or German.

Which carol was first heard at Christmas 1818...

-Silent Night.

-Correct.

Your bonuses are on a Greek god, Trinity.

Firstly for five,

which Greek god competed against Athena to be the patron deity of Athens?

When he lost, he flooded the surrounding plain of Attica.

-(Poseidon.)

-Poseidon.

-Correct.

The Isthmian Games was a festival of athletic, literary and musical competitions in Ancient Greece

in honour of Poseidon, held at his sanctuary on which Isthmus?

-Corinth.

-Correct.

To which king of Crete did Poseidon send a bull to be sacrificed?

The bull was not to be killed, but fathered a monster,

hidden by the king in an underground maze.

-Minos.

-Correct. Another starter.

Thoughts On Lotteries,

The Life and Morals of Jesus of Nazareth

and Notes on the State of Virginia

are among the writings of which political figure,

the third president of the United States?

-Jefferson.

-Thomas Jefferson is correct.

Bonuses on Italian composers, Trinity College.

L'Orfeo is among the compositions of which key figure in the early development of opera?

He was maestro di cappella at St Mark's Basilica in Venice from 1613 to 1643.

(Vivaldi.)

-Vivaldi.

-No, it's Monteverdi.

Born 1602 in the Republic of Venice, which composer was an assistant organist under Monteverdi

and wrote a number of operas, including Didone, Erismena and Calisto?

-Vivaldi.

-No, Cavalli.

Which Venetian composer made his first-known public appearance

as a violinist at St Mark's Basilica in 1696?

He's best known for his concertos, of which around 500 survive.

-That's Vivaldi.

-That is Vivaldi, yes!

-LAUGHTER

Ten points for this.

Quote, "I am sure he didn't find all his queer characters hereabouts.

"He must've discovered a good many when he went to London."

These are the words of Theresa, the cousin of which novelist and poet,

in an interview in Dorset soon after his death in 1928?

-Thomas Hardy.

-Correct.

Your bonuses, Trinity, are on the words of Sir Robert Walpole.

Quote, "We must muzzle this terrible young Cornet of Horse."

Of which future wartime prime minister did Walpole say those words in 1736?

Lord North.

-Lord North.

-No, it was William Pitt, the Elder.

"Madam, there are 50,000 men slain this year in Europe and not one Englishman."

Of which war of succession did Walpole say those words in 1734?

-The War of Spanish Succession.

-That was earlier. The War of the Polish Succession.

Finally... "They now ring the bells, but they will soon wring their hands."

This was Walpole's reaction to the declaration of war with which country in 1739?

-France?

-Mm?

-France?

-France?

-France.

-No, Spain.

10 points for this. Answer promptly if you buzz.

Give all five of the three-letter words,

which differ only in their middle letters,

and mean, in reverse alphabetical order,

greyish brown, a Spanish nobleman,

a loud noise, an animal's lair...

Dun, don, din...

-Five?

-I'm sorry, if you buzz, you've got to answer. I'm sorry.

You lose five points. I'm offering it to the other side.

..a loud noise, an animal's lair

and a level of proficiency in karate?

No conferring! One of you may buzz, quickly.

Dan, din, don, den...

LAUGHTER

-..dun.

-OK, I'll accept that because you're behind!

You've got to be quicker next time! They gave you three-fifths of it!

You get your first set of bonuses, St Andrews, on women in mathematics.

Which 18th-century Italian

is credited with writing the first book on differential and integral calculus,

and also has a cubic curve named after her?

-Any idea?

-No.

-Don't know, sorry.

-Maria Agnesi.

In the early 19th century, French mathematician Sophie Germain proved a special case of a theorem

left by which mathematician who died in 1665?

The theorem was proved for all cases in 1995.

-Leibniz.

-OK.

-Leibniz.

-No, it's Fermat.

Gabrielle Emilie, Marquise du Chatelet,

produced the first French translation of which 1687 work by Newton

that includes his work on gravitation?

-Principia Mathematica.

-PRONUNCIATION: Principee Mathematica.

Er, Principia is correct, yes.

We're going to take a picture round now.

You're going to see a section of the family tree of characters in a work of literature.

Ten points if you can tell me the missing character.

-Kitty.

-Kitty is correct. Or Catherine.

From Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice, of course.

Three more of the family trees of characters in novels by Jane Austen.

In each case, five points if you can identify the novel and the missing character.

Firstly for five...

Any idea?

Is it Northanger Abbey?

I think it's Sense and Sensibility.

Erm, but I don't know the missing person.

-We think it's Sense and Sensibility -

-No, it's Persuasion. The missing character is Mary.

Secondly...

-This is...

-THEY WHISPER

-The missing character is...

-THEY WHISPER

I think it's Sense and Sensibility, but I don't know the missing character.

We're back to Sense and Sensibility, but we can't give the character.

You're wrong on both counts! Wrong and ignorant!

It's Mansfield Park and William.

Finally...

THEY WHISPER

We don't know.

-Any idea?

-Shall we go for Sense and Sensibility?!

Shall we try Sense and Sensibility again?

-You can try.

-We're going to keep going with this.

-I need the character, too. Quickly!

-I don't know. Sorry, we don't know.

-It's Marianne.

10 points for this. Tony Benn in 1951,

Charles Kennedy in 1983, David Lambie in 2000,

Chloe Smith in 2009 and Pamela Nash in 2010...

Youngest people to get a cabinet position?

No. I'm going to charge you five points.

..are among those who have shared what singular distinction as member of parliament?

-The youngest members of the House of Commons.

-Correct. The baby of the House.

These bonuses could give you the lead. They're on Irish counties.

Give the county name that corresponds to the surname of each of the following...

The presidential nominee of the Democratic Party

in the 2004 US Presidential Election.

-Kerry.

-That's right. You don't need to buzz. Confer and go through your captain.

A poet from Northamptonshire, author of the 1820 poems

descriptive of rural life and scenery.

THEY WHISPER

Galway?

Shall we try Louth?

-Louth.

-No, it's John Clare.

A detective who first appeared in the 1964 work

From Doon with Death by Ruth Rendall?

-Ruth Rendall. Who was her detective?

-Kildare?

-ALL: Kildare.

-Shall we try it?

-Kildare.

-No, it's Inspector Wexford. 10 points for this. Answer as soon as you buzz.

An aficionado of Douglas Adams has a successful day at the races

and decides to donate 42 percent of his winnings

to his university alumni association.

The winning's total £850. How much does he donate?

-£357?

-Correct! Yes!

APPLAUSE

Your bonuses, Trinity College, are on boots in literature.

Identify the author of the following lines.

"O Jonny, the power of your boot And the accurate heart-stopping route of your goal

"As it goes through Australian posts

"Is a triumph we gladly salute".

-No idea.

-Pass.

-We don't know, I'm afraid.

-It was Andrew Motion. Amazing to think he was poet laureate!

"Every woman adores a fascist The boot in the face

"the brute Brute heart of a brute like you".

We're bootless, Jeremy.

That's Sylvia Plath. "Daddy", written in 1963.

Finally... "If you want a picture of the future

"imagine a boot stamping on a human face - forever."

Orwell. George Orwell.

Correct. We're going to take a music round.

You'll hear a piece of classical music

popularly associated with a particular type of weather.

Ten points if you can identify the meteorological phenomenon after which the piece is named.

GENTLE MELODY

-Rain.

-Correct, yes.

APPLAUSE

Well done. Chopin.

So you get these bonuses on other bits of music. You could take the lead.

Classical music inspired by and named after types of weather.

Five points for each meteorological condition you identify.

-Firstly for five...

-LIVELY & DRAMATIC MELODY

THEY WHISPER

Snowstorm?

Let's go gale.

-Wind.

-Let's go gale.

We're going to go gales.

No. You are right almost. It's the dialogue between wind and the sea from Debussy's La mer.

I really had to be told "wind".

Secondly...

HAUNTING & GENTLE MELODY

ALL: Snow.

-We're going to go snow, Jeremy.

-Correct. That's Liszt.

-And finally...

-DRAMATIC MUSIC

Sounds like thunder. Thunder and lightning.

-Thunder and lightning.

-A storm.

-Storm Symphony.

-Yes?

-Storms.

-Storm is correct. It's from the Pastoral Symphony by Beethoven.

Ten points for this.

A concordance of Shakespeare's plays reveals that the word "sleep" appears most frequently in...

Macbeth.

-Well done, yes.

-Oh!

Right, your bonuses are on astronomy.

-Right!

-The asteroid belt, in which the majority of asteroids are found,

lies between the orbits of which two planets?

Mars and...

Which is closer, Jupiter or Saturn?

I think it's Saturn.

-Mars and Saturn or Saturn and Jupiter?

-I think it's Mars and Jupiter.

-Happy with that?

-Come on!

-Saturn and Jupiter, I'd say.

-No, it's between Mars and Saturn OR Jupiter.

Say Mars and Saturn, then.

Mars and Saturn.

You shouldn't have listened to him. It's Jupiter and Mars.

Named after the Roman goddess of agriculture and now regarded as a dwarf planet,

what is the largest object in the asteroid belt?

-Ceres.

-Ceres.

-Correct.

Amors, apollos and atens are groups of small asteroids

that form part of a larger group of bodies known as NEOs.

For what do the letters NEO stand?

-Something "object".

-"Near" something "object".

-Near-earth object.

-Near earth?

-Near-earth orbit.

NEO. Near-earth orbit?

-Near-earth orbit.

-Nearly. Near-earth object.

10 for this. Probably founded by James III of Scotland in the 15th century,

which order of knighthood was revived by James VII and II in 1687...

Order of the Garter.

No. You lose five points.

..it comprises the sovereign and 16 knights

and its motto is "Nemo me impune lacessit"

or "No-one provokes me with impunity."

-The Thistle.

-It is, yes.

-APPLAUSE

Right, your bonuses, Trinity, require an answer, in each case,

that is the name of a country which, with a different meaning or etymology,

could be permissible in a game of Scrabble. For example, China.

Give the name of the country from the definition.

A fine goatskin leather, tanned with sumac

and used, for example, in bookbinding.

-(Morocco.)

-Morocco.

-Correct.

A light horse-drawn, two-wheeled vehicle in India.

No, we pass on it.

Tonga. Finally, a glossy black varnish or lacquer.

Chinois.

-Japan.

-Correct. 10 points for this starter question.

In the House of Commons, the practice in which members cluster around a speaker

in order to give the...

-Doughnutting.

-Doughnutting is right, yes.

Your bonuses are on theatre. According to the Roman architect Vitruvius,

Greek theatre was divided into scenes of three types, or genres,

each indicated by a specific style of scenery.

Name each genre from the description of the scenery.

Which genre was delineated with columns, pediments,

statues and other objects suited to kings?

-ALL: Tragedy.

-Tragedy.

-Correct.

Trees, caverns, mountains and other rustic objects delineated in landscape style

were used to decorate a scene of which genre?

-Pastoral.

-Pastoral.

Is there better word for that?

-Pastoral?

-No, it's satyric.

Finally... Private dwellings with balconies and views,

representing rows of windows after the manner of ordinary dwellings,

were used for scenes of which genre?

-Comedy.

-Comedy is correct.

Second picture round.

You'll see a photograph of a place of worship in the United States.

10 points if you can give me the two-word name by which it's usually known.

Is anyone going to buzz?

Crystal Church?

No. Anyone like to buzz from St Andrews? Quickly.

BUZZER

The Mormon Temple in Salt Lake City?

It's called the Crystal Cathedral. You were nearly right, Daisy.

10 points for this starter question.

Which year saw the discovery of nuclear fission by Hahn and Strassman,

the publication of Graham Greene's Brighton Rock,

first coverage of the boat race by BBC Television

and the annexation of Austria by the Third Reich?

1936.

No. Anyone like to buzz from Trinity?

-1938.

-1938 is correct, yes.

APPLAUSE

You get the picture bonuses, Trinity.

They're on photographs of distinctive places of worship

built since World War Two.

In which South American country is this cathedral?

-Brazil.

-Brazil is correct.

Secondly, in which European country is this cathedral,

rebuilt and reopened in 1999?

-Dresden?

-I think that's in Ukraine.

-It looks Orthodox.

-OK.

-Ukraine.

-Correct. In which Nordic country is this?

THEY WHISPER

-Finland?

-We'll go for Finland.

No, it's Iceland.

10 points at stake for this starter question.

"Probably the greatest film artist, all things considered,

"since the invention of the motion picture camera."

These words of Woody Allen refer to which Swedish director who...

-Ingmar Bergman.

-Correct.

-APPLAUSE

Your bonuses are on scientific terms,

specifically those that can be made using any of the letters of the word "coxswain".

Give the word from the description.

Firstly, a long thread-like part of a nerve cell

that transmits impulses from the cell body.

Come on, we'd better crack on!

Pass.

It's an axon.

The adjectival form of a medical term

meaning "a deficient supply of oxygen to the tissues"?

-Pass.

-That's anoxic.

Finally, an imaginary line about which a body rotates.

-ALL: Axis.

-Axis is right. Four-and-a-half minutes to go. 10 points for this.

Often used disparagingly, what term is the trademark name of the system

developed by the US inventor Major General George O Squier in 1922

to transmit recorded music to public places?

Musak.

Correct!

Your bonuses are on mountains.

Mount Logan, which rises to almost 6,000 metres in the Saint Elias Mountains,

is the highest mountain in which country?

-Canada.

-Correct.

Mount Robson and Columbia are peaks in which Canadian mountain range,

an extension of a range that stretches along the border between Alberta and British Columbia?

-The Rockies.

-Correct. Which formation within the Rockies,

close to the town of Field near the Yoho National Park,

is one of the world's most significant fossil fields?

-Don't know.

-The Burgess Shale Formation.

Keller's operation is a common medical procedure for which complaint

associated with displacement of the hallux towards the other toes?

-Bunions?

-Bunions is correct, yes!

These bonuses are on music and the English Civil War.

Firstly for five. Recorded by Billy Bragg in 1985, which song by Leon Rosselson

takes its name from a book by Christopher Hill

and refers to the state of revolution?

-The World Turned Upside Down.

-World Turned Upside Down.

-Correct.

Formed in the late 1980s,

which band shares its name with a group of Civil War agitators and pamphleteers

who believed in extended suffrage and religious toleration?

-The Levellers?

-The Levellers.

-Correct.

What name for the full-time force

formed by the Parliamentarians in 1645 under the command of Sir Thomas Fairfax

is also that of a British rock band?

-The Roundheads?

-New Model Army. Three minutes. 10 points for this.

Identify the 20th-century poet who wrote these lines...

"The sunlight on the garden hardens and grows..."

-Louis MacNeice.

-Louis MacNeice is right.

Your bonuses are on librarians. Which Scottish Empiricist philosopher and historian

resigned as librarian of the Faculty of Advocates in 1757?

-Hume.

-Hume. David Hume.

-Correct.

Which French artist was working at Bibliotheque Sainte-Genevieve in 1913,

around the time he created his first ready-made piece entitled Bicycle Wheel?

Duchamp?

-Marcel Duchamp.

-Correct.

The author of the story The Library of Babel,

which Argentinean writer became director of the National Library in 1955 after losing his sight?

-Jorge Luis Borges.

-Correct.

10 points for this. James Grieve, Thomas Laxton,

Matthew Bramley and Richard Cox are among those who have had varieties of which...

-Apple.

-Apple is correct.

Your bonuses are on US foreign policy.

Which US president issued the doctrine of 1823

that warned European nations against interference in the Americas?

-Monroe.

-Correct. The Truman Doctrine of 1947

stated that the US would support free peoples

resisting subjugation by armed minorities or outside pressures

and was directed initially at two Mediterranean countries. Name either.

-Greece.

-Turkey's the other.

The Carter Doctrine of 1980 stated that the US would use military force if necessary

to defend its interests in the Persian Gulf

and was a response to the Soviet invasion of which country?

-Afghanistan.

-Correct.

In 1709, Abraham Darby established an ironworks in which Shropshire village, close to the River Severn?

His grandson constructed the world's first cast-iron...

-Telford.

-I can't accept. You lose five points.

..constructed the world's first cast-iron bridge there in 1779.

-Coalbrookdale.

-Correct.

Another set of bonuses. They're on literature.

In each case, name the US author whose first major published work was the following...

For five points, the 1846 work Typee: A Peep at Polynesian Life?

-Herman Melville.

-Correct.

The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County,

a short story of 1865?

Twain?

Which? Mark Twain.

Correct. Finally, Soldiers' Pay, a novel of 1926?

-Hemingway?

-Hemingway.

No, William Faulkner. In 1961, who became the first living artist

to have his work exhibited at the Louvre?

His paintings include Terrace of Hotel Mistral,

The Portuguese and Violin and Candlestick?

-Matisse?

-No. Anyone want to buzz from St Andrews?

-Picasso.

-No. Georges Braque.

-END-OF-QUIZ GONG

-At the gong, St Andrews have 80.

Trinity College Cambridge have 225.

You had the lead early on, but I'm afraid we're going to have to say goodbye to you.

Congratulations to you. That's the equal highest score so far in this series.

Thank you, Trinity College. We shall look forward to seeing you in the semi-finals.

I hope you can join us next time for the first of those.

-Until then, it's goodbye from St Andrews University.

-ALL: Bye.

-Goodbye from Trinity College.

-ALL: Bye.

-And goodbye from me.

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