Y Navajo Iolo ac Indiaid America

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-My name is Iolo Williams.

-I'm on a journey

-across North America...

-..to live with some

-of the indigenous nations.

-From the Navajo to the Cherokee...

-..from the Wild West

-to the big mountains of the north...

-..these are the people who travelled

-this incredible continent.

-I am here

-to learn about these people...

-..their culture, language,

-spiritual beliefs...

-..and their harmony with nature.

-I want to know what we can learn

-from this unique way of life.

-Join me on a journey of discovery...

-..across one of the world's

-most striking continents.

-I've always wanted to see

-the land of the Westerns.

-At last, I've reached Monument

-Valley. Look at this place!

-Have you seen the film Stagecoach

-with John Wayne?

-This is where it was filmed.

-I'm sure this is a familiar view

-to us all. And what a view!

-This is the iconic land

-of the Navajo Nation.

-But like the land,

-the tribe has eroded.

-Very few Navajo people are left

-in their sacred valley today.

-It is now a land for tourists.

-But what is the story of the Navajo?

-I am on a journey to find out...

-..if their ancient way

-of life still exists today.

-Along the way, I hear about the past

-from some true Navajo people.

-I learn more about

-their traditions and methods.

-And I see what kind of future

-lies ahead for the nation...

-..under the influence

-of modern America.

-The Navajo have always lived

-in the American West...

-

-Wedi rhoi American West fan hyn acho

-..across a vast area that lies

-between four sacred mountains.

-They're famously known

-as a spiritual nation...

-..living in harmony with nature.

-As craftsmen, hunters and soldiers,

-they've developed a unique identity.

-For obvious reasons,

-this place is called Window Rock.

-This is where senior people,

-such as tribal chiefs...

-..would meet

-to take important decisions.

-Back then, there was a well

-located just behind me.

-They would spend days here

-discussing issues...

-..before leaving and taking

-the new rules back to their tribes.

-What is interesting is that the

-town of Window Rock down there...

-..has developed

-around this sacred place.

-The Navajo Nation Government

-is now here too.

-Even though it's been hundreds of

-years since the tribes met here...

-..nothing has really changed.

-Despite being a part of the USA,

-they are an independent nation...

-..living on shared land

-or reservation.

-They have their own language,

-government and laws.

-But, as in Wales, there's a strong

-Anglo-American influence here.

-I'm walking through a fairly new

-housing estate here in Window Rock.

-It could be any old

-housing estate...

-..in Mississippi, Alabama

-or Carolina.

-But it is the Navajo people

-who live in these houses.

-They have clearly given up

-on their old traditions.

-They have flashy cars,

-satellite TV...

-..and there are American flags

-all around.

-It's as if the USA has swallowed up

-the Navajo Nation...

-..in this small part of the world.

-Next to the mall,

-I come across a small market.

-As I wander around, not a word of

-the Navajo language can be heard.

-I ask a stall owner...

-..about what the future holds

-for the language and culture.

-I see them dying out.

-I see them dying out.

-

-You do, genuinely?

-There's a lot of influences

-around us.

-There's a new world out there

-that comes into the reservation...

-..introducing us to a lot of TV,

-radio and music.

-A lot of the kids

-are going that way.

-They're not really practising

-their language or traditions.

-It's been lost.

-Can you see a place in the modern

-world for your traditions?

-In today's world? I don't.

-It's going to be lost.

-The modern tradition is just here

-on this reservation.

-If you look around you,

-there's a lot of modern influences.

-It's destroying our culture,

-traditions and language.

-That's very sad.

-You've depressed me now.

-I'm going to have to have a drink

-just to cheer me up.

-It's very sad.

-Language is an important part

-of a person.

-It tells people who you are.

-I'm a Welsh-speaking Welshman,

-and I'm very proud of that.

-The language helps to make me

-the person that I am.

-He told me how he can't

-learn some of the old songs...

-..because he doesn't recognize

-the words and the language.

-He's missing out on a lot

-of the culture because of that.

-In my quest to hear

-the spoken language...

-..I leave the city

-for the countryside.

-The land of the Navajo

-is three times the size of Wales.

-But it was even larger...

-..before the white man came

-here five centuries ago.

-The Navajo were an obstruction

-to the white man's plans...

-..to occupy new land

-and excavate minerals.

-In 1864, through the might

-of the rifle and the sword...

-..the Navajo were

-rounded up like sheep...

-..and forced to give up their land.

-Thousands were killed

-on a journey...

-..which became known

-as The Long Walk.

-The landscape

-has now altered totally.

-We've moved away from woodland

-to desert-like land.

-It's extremely dry.

-Look at that mountain ridge.

-It's incredibly striking.

-Further into the reservation...

-..along a dusty road

-and in scorching heat...

-..I stop at a small ranch...

-..where an old shepherd

-is waiting for my visit.

-Hi, Robert. I'm Iolo.

-It's very nice to meet you.

-This is Robert Wauneka.

-His farm reminds me of a scene

-from an old Western film.

-Barren land, old rickety huts,

-evidence of bullet shots...

-..and an old, wise shepherd

-sharing his world with his flock.

-Sheep are central to the Navajo.

-We were nomadic people

-before they came here.

-They allow us to stay in one place.

-They give us food and clothes.

-They are sacred animals.

-You're going to lasso them, are you?

-You're going to lasso them, are you?

-

-Yes, I'm going to have to!

-They're fast!

-You can use this one.

-I can't lasso, so it's pointless.

-But I'll have a go!

-You're not a cowboy!

-You're not a cowboy!

-

-I'm not a cowboy, no.

-I'll watch you in action first

-to see how it works.

-The Navajo have been lassoing

-for centuries...

-..to hunt and keep horses.

-I have no idea

-what I'm meant to do with this.

-This will be fun. I'm holding

-it the wrong way for a start!

-I must throw this

-around their necks to catch them.

-I'll watch him do it first.

-He's caught one with the lasso.

-Fair play.

-Crikey, fair play.

-Give me a fast lesson

-on the use of the lasso!

-What do you do?

-Do you just wind it above your head?

-Yeah.

-I don't think he's keen

-on giving me a lesson.

-He wants to get on with the work

-of catching the lambs.

-He clearly has a lot of work to do.

-I'm determined to have a go!

-There's another one over there.

-There's another one over there.

-

-Which one? This one?

-Sheep were first brought to America

-and the Navajo by Spanish settlers.

-Crikey, he's fantastic.

-I'm going to have a go.

-Watch this!

-Sheep totally changed

-the Navajo way of life...

-..from nomadic hunters to shepherds.

-I'm not a lasso man!

-I'd rather run after them!

-Last one?

-Last one?

-

-Yes, last one.

-It's quite an experience spending

-time with a traditional Navajo.

-Around here?

-Around here?

-

-Yes.

-But the old man's words are sad.

-I foresee that fewer and fewer

-young Navajo will continue to farm.

-Children are too fat and lazy now.

-They prefer to watch TV.

-Today, everyone learns English.

-Without language and traditions,

-we're just Americans.

-Soon, it's time for the wise man...

-..to go over the mountain

-to gather his flock.

-Thank you very much. Good luck.

-Take care. God bless.

-He's quite a character!

-He's off now

-with his dogs following behind.

-He'll be walking all day long and

-will return around 7.00pm or 8.00pm.

-He'll do the same again tomorrow,

-the next day and the next.

-Hard work.

-I feel quite sad

-after speaking to Robert.

-I was quite hopeful after

-reading the facts and figures.

-There are more children speaking

-the language now than before.

-There's been a revival of sorts.

-But then, it's similar

-to Wales and its language.

-Our figures at home show

-that the language is on the rise.

-If, like me, you live in

-a traditionally Welsh area...

-..where the language and culture are

-disappearing, it's heartbreaking.

-Robert clearly feels the same.

-Even though children are taught

-the language at school...

-..they don't speak it at home.

-They don't remember the old

-traditions and the way of life.

-It's like meeting

-the last of his kind.

-An old man who's still farming

-and shepherding.

-If I came back in 25 years,

-there might be no-one here.

-It's very sad. Not very positive.

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-I'm going to a local school

-this morning...

-..where education is taught

-through the Navajo language.

-The only problem is,

-the school starts at 7.30am!

-I want to find out what the future

-holds for the language.

-Up until now, I've only heard

-the old shepherd speaking Navajo.

-I visit the school to learn more

-about the situation.

-KNOCK ON DOOR

-THEY SPEAK NAVAJO

-Even though there is an English

-school in the town...

-..this is a monolingual

-Navajo school.

-The aim is to immerse the children

-in their own language and culture...

-..as we do in our

-Welsh-language schools in Wales.

-They're having a lesson on spring...

-..and how everything awakens.

-How sheep give birth to lambs,

-and horses give birth to foals.

-They're learning the names

-of all the animals.

-For me, they're long,

-complicated names.

-I'm sure if I gave them a Welsh

-lesson, they'd think the same.

-I get up to explain

-to the children who I am.

-Without speaking their language,

-that's not an easy task.

-It's the school policy

-not to use a word of English...

-..to teach the Navajo language.

-I draw pictures.

-I'm drawing a picture of a cow.

-In Welsh...

-Right, a Welsh lesson.

-"Buwch".

-"Buwch".

-

-"Buwch."

-Well done.

-In the Dine language?

-"Beegash ii."

-B, E, E...

-..G, A, S, H, I, I.

-"Beegash ii." Is that right?

-"Beegash ii." Is that right?

-

-Yes, "Beegash ii."

-Eagles. In Welsh, "Eryr."

-"Eryr."

-"Eryr." In Dine?

-"Eryr." In Dine?

-

-"Atsa."

-"Atsa."

-I'm going to try and explain to them

-that I'm a bird expert in Wales.

-How on earth am I going to do that?

-What's a bird?

-"Hasttiin tsidii."

-Tsidii is a bird.

-Tsidii is a bird.

-

-Yes, bird man.

-"Hastiin tsidii."

-Bird man.

-"Hastiin tsidii."

-I don't think they understand me!

-Thank you.

-Thank you.

-

-Thank you.

-The next lesson isn't such fun.

-This is a history

-and language lesson.

-They're all working on different

-personal projects.

-It's Language Week next week,

-and they'll have to present these.

-I'm going to go and meet Shaheen.

-Her project discusses how

-her grandfather...

-..was treated by the white man.

-Grandad remembers

-seeing his sisters screaming...

-..as the white men

-cut off their hair.

-The native children were captured

-by the American government...

-..and forced

-to live in boarding schools.

-Far away from their families...

-..their way of life, their beliefs

-and language were destroyed.

-We, native Americans,

-have suffered terribly...

-..so I'm very proud

-that we're saving the language.

-These people have been persecuted by

-the white man until very recently.

-But they've shown forgiveness.

-That's incredible.

-From my experience, they're warm,

-friendly and welcoming people.

-They're different from me.

-If I lived here, I'd want to

-go up that mountain with a gun...

-..and shoot any white man

-who came near.

-That's what I'd feel if my family

-had suffered like theirs.

-The children learn that the future

-of the language is under threat...

-..as they study

-the decline of speakers...

-..in their own family history.

-Three generations ago,

-almost everybody was fluent.

-But as we see from this family tree,

-only a few speak the language now.

-It only takes one generation

-to lose the language.

-Our hope is that everyone will be

-fluent again in seven generations.

-It's terrifying to think

-of the responsibility...

-..that lies

-with these young children.

-They could possibly be the last

-generation of fluent Navajos.

-The school is like an island in

-a sea of Anglo-American influences.

-Does anybody here go home

-and speak Dine as well?

-Yes? You do?

-You do as well?

-If I speak to you in Welsh,

-you won't understand a word.

-It's my first language.

-I think I understand.

-I said, if I speak Welsh,

-you won't understand me.

-But it's my first language.

-It's good to learn lots of different

-languages. It's very good.

-Whilst I was chatting with some of

-the children, it was clear that...

-..wherever you are in the world,

-children will be children.

-I tried asking them about

-what it's like to be a Navajo...

-..but they wanted to talk about

-sports, girls and food.

-They asked me about the types

-of food we eat.

-They asked me

-if I liked rock 'n' roll...

-..and what kind of sports I enjoy -

-football or basketball.

-That's how children are

-all over the world.

-They are no different here.

-DRUMBEAT

-As a Welsh-speaking Welshman...

-..the story about

-a decline in the language...

-..sends an all too familiar

-shiver down my spine.

-But there's always hope

-for the future.

-They're on the right path,

-there's no doubt about that.

-After hearing all the sad stories

-from the older generations...

-..about how the language

-is gradually dying out...

-..it's great to come here to speak

-to children and their parents...

-..and hear that there is a revival.

-Children do speak Dine at home.

-It's lifted my spirits after

-a depressing period out here.

-The language is one thing.

-What about the old way of life?

-For me, there's nothing more

-important about the Navajo belief...

-..than their outlook on nature.

-I climb higher

-into the Rocky Mountains...

-..to meet two park rangers,

-Larry Joe and Edison Emerson.

-They're responsible for maintaining

-a large area of the reservation.

-This is the land of eagles

-and bears.

-But they want to show me that

-they can also be hunters.

-Come with me. I'm very excited.

-The men are taking me hunting

-with a bow and arrow.

-Larry makes his own bow and arrows.

-They're going to show me

-how they hunt...

-..and all the ceremonies

-that are linked with that.

-They lead me further

-into the forest.

-Somebody's been camping here.

-Soon, I realize that they,

-like their forefathers...

-..are experts

-at reading their habitat.

-The men look for tracks.

-They're silent as they walk slowly

-and concentrate on looking down.

-Their eyes are looking everywhere,

-both left and right.

-As they search for deer tracks...

-..Larry Joe explains how

-their relationship with nature...

-..helps them to hunt.

-Whilst hunting,

-we ask the wind for support.

-It leads us in the right direction

-and hides our smell.

-Paying attention to the wind

-is second nature to us, the Dine.

-Suddenly, Larry Joe

-sees traces of another hunter.

-This is a sacred spot.

-Any hunter would recognize it.

-They are always

-underneath pine trees.

-The hunter killed a deer

-and butchered it in the same spot.

-Following the Navajo ritual,

-the intestines have been buried...

-..and the windpipe and skull

-have been placed pointing east.

-The belief is that

-the animal is still alive...

-..and that when the hunter

-returns in a year's time...

-..when this one is a year old...

-..there will be another

-two-year-old animal here.

-He can then hunt that.

-It's a life cycle.

-The animal goes back into the earth

-and is reincarnated.

-It shows such a lot of respect.

-How would a father

-pass on to his son...

-..the knowledge of

-how to use a bow and arrow?

-A father teaches his son

-how to hunt as soon as he can walk.

-He then makes him an arrow,

-just one arrow...

-..to teach his son the importance

-of prudence and to avoid waste.

-Whilst frequently

-roaming the land...

-..Larry Joe

-collects feathers and wood...

-..to use as raw materials

-for his weapons.

-To him, the most important

-and spiritual part of the bow...

-..is the string made from

-the muscle of a mountain lion.

-A hunter's bow is different.

-It can only be touched by a man.

-Hunters used to sleep with the bow

-next to them every night.

-On the eve of battle, the string

-struck a note without anyone near.

-It signalled that the bow

-was eager to taste blood.

-Larry, would you mind if I

-had a go aiming at a target?

-Yes, I'll let you shoot it.

-This is a 65lbs draw weight

-at full draw.

-What about the small tree

-right here?

-There's something black

-right beneath it.

-I can't even see that

-let alone hit it!

-Put it on like this one here,

-then hit the black thing.

-It goes quickly!

-I can see how it can kill deer.

-That was a little bit over.

-He was aiming for

-this little thing here...

-..and both arrows are within two

-feet - half a metre to a metre.

-Look how far they've gone

-into the earth.

-Both of them.

-That's how deep

-they went into the earth.

-If the arrows could kill a deer,

-they could easily kill a man.

-Right, the moment

-you've all been waiting for.

-I'm going to have a go.

-Like this.

-Like this.

-

-OK.

-Will you put your arrow on?

-Right, it's ready.

-Don't look for a moment

-in case I make a fool of myself.

-Put it in like so.

-Pull it back.

-The target is over there.

-Well?

-Good. You look as if

-you've done it before.

-If it were a deer, I'd have struck

-its bottom, but it would've run off!

-If it was a deer, I'd have struck

-its bottom, and it would've run off!

-I'm still a little boy at heart.

-That was the highlight

-of the trip for me so far.

-I can't believe that I held

-a Navajo bow and arrow...

-..identical to that which

-his forefathers would have held.

-And then to shoot it

-without making fool of myself.

-That was important to me.

-Self-respect is

-very important to the Navajo.

-To be in their company

-is extraordinary.

-They have the knowledge,

-but it's more than that.

-Even I could have hit that one!

-There's something

-very spiritual about them.

-When you're in their company,

-it takes hold of you as well.

-I'm not usually a spiritual man.

-But that's how I've felt today.

-As the day draws to an end...

-..the place is full of wildlife

-daring to emerge out of the shadows.

-There to wave goodbye are the deer.

-Under the moonlight, I am taught

-one last lesson by Larry Joe.

-I realize that not only

-do the Navajo live with nature...

-..but that they are part of it.

-Centuries ago, people and animals

-lived side by side.

-Now, animals have learned to stay

-away and are fearful of man.

-People don't

-understand nature any more.

-Above everything else...

-..I've learned that the history

-of the language and culture here...

-..is very similar

-to our cultural history.

-But their close connection

-with nature still exists today.

-We've lost that.

-I think we lost that centuries ago.

-It's a pity. It's a pity that we

-haven't fought to get that back.

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-I continue my journey

-on the trail of the Navajo...

-..to find out if their

-traditional way of life...

-..still exists in modern America.

-Believe it or not,

-this is a small breakfast.

-They eat meals like this for

-breakfast, lunch and dinner.

-It's another example

-of how the Navajo...

-..have bought into

-the American way of life.

-You can't blame them.

-They're surrounded

-by American influences.

-This is the tourist part

-of Canyon de Chelly.

-But I leave town to meet a family...

-..who live far away from the

-influences of the modern world.

-Good to see you.

-Roger, how are you?

-Roger, how are you?

-

-Good.

-Good to see you. Hello,

-are you going to shake my hand?

-I'm pleased to see a simple farm...

-..with a traditional hogan

-as the main building.

-This is the Milford family.

-The family has lived

-on this land for centuries.

-I am introduced to

-the 89-year-old great-grandmother.

-She's the head of the five

-generations living here.

-There are a lot of them,

-aren't there!

-Her son translates for me.

-She's only ever spoken Navajo.

-She's asking why are you doing this?

-I go on to explain my journey.

-She invites me to stay

-with the family for a few days.

-Wow, that was an experience.

-She's 89 years of age.

-When talking to her...

-..you feel as though you're

-moving one big step closer...

-..to the old Navajo and

-their traditional way of life.

-She's told me a few stories

-about her childhood.

-She was clearly very sharp and

-wanted to know more about Wales.

-An incredible woman.

-In addition to the

-grandmother's hogan...

-..there are another two houses

-where the extended family lives.

-I spend a few hours learning about

-baking, spinning and other crafts.

-You'll have to run to get me!

-Look at this! It was sunny when

-I arrived. It's snowing now.

-And it's the end of April!

-As snow fell, the family was

-eager to show me an old sack.

-To them, it's a very sacred sack.

-Tell me the story behind this sack.

-This is my father's sack.

-He was a 'Medicine Man' and used

-the sack for healing ceremonies.

-It takes a lifetime

-to learn how to be a 'Medicine Man'.

-Only a traditional doctor is allowed

-to open a sack of this kind.

-Roger's mother explains

-that the sack's secrets...

-..disappeared into the grave

-with her husband.

-Do you regret that all this

-knowledge has been lost?

-It's heartbreaking to

-see the sack not being used.

-It's sad that nobody

-in the family understands it.

-I feel guilty for not learning

-the traditional methods.

-To think that we can't

-heal people any more...

-Christmas carols!

-How the weather has changed!

-It's bitterly cold now

-and it's snowing relentlessly.

-This is how the Navajo live,

-so this is how I live!

-TRADITIONAL NAVAJO SINGING

-Despite having lost part

-of their identity...

-..this is the closest I have come

-to the true spirit of the Navajo.

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-I'm living with the Navajo.

-It's another glorious morning

-on the farm...

-..that's far away from the hustle

-and bustle of the modern world.

-It's an exciting day today.

-We're going on horseback

-to the edge of the canyon...

-..then going down to see

-some of the old buildings.

-Before that, they will slaughter

-a sheep in the traditional way.

-Then, when we return tonight,

-we will all have a big feast.

-It's for you.

-Like yours? Brilliant!

-They will now choose a sheep.

-It's good to see how important the

-old rituals are to the shepherds.

-For the Dine,

-the sheep is like a mother...

-..providing the family

-with food and nutrients.

-Our forefathers taught us...

-..to care for them and rear them.

-This knowledge can only be

-entirely understood...

-..through keeping sheep.

-The family gathers around, and

-there is an atmosphere of respect...

-..as the sheep's life ends.

-This is the Navajo way.

-This is how we were taught.

-It's not nice to see...

-..but this is how they've been

-slaughtering animals for centuries.

-There's a big difference...

-..we pack animals into a lorry...

-..and then send them

-to an abattoir miles away.

-At least this sheep

-has been removed from the fields...

-..and is slaughtered here

-within no time at all.

-It's no more cruel than

-the method we use in our country.

-It's interesting to see the sons

-and all the men taking part.

-They all learned

-from a very early age...

-..how to slaughter the animal, how

-to butcher it, which meat is best...

-..which parts to eat

-and to keep, and so on.

-It's good to see

-this tradition being continued.

-Ugh!

-I enjoy this because my grandsons

-share the old traditions.

-I was taught by my forefathers.

-Everyone proceeds

-to butcher the sheep.

-They all know exactly what to do.

-This special part of the sheep

-is a prize for the slaughterer.

-It's the best part, the breast meat.

-There's a unique smell

-every time you open up an animal.

-From the best meat to the

-intestines - not one part is wasted.

-We prepare and cook the intestines

-before they harden.

-They're easier to handle

-whilst they're still warm.

-This young girl is enjoying herself.

-She wants to know what's going on.

-This is how she learns.

-When she's older...

-..I'm sure her mother will

-teach her to do it properly...

-..as will the grandmother.

-The children

-have been brought up with death.

-Death is a part

-of an animal's life cycle.

-There's no big taboo about it

-as there is in our country.

-I think this is a healthy thing.

-All of us meat-eaters should see

-how an animal is slaughtered.

-SINGS IN NAVAJO

-We're going to the Tsegi Canyon now.

-My horse is over there.

-I haven't had much

-horse riding experience.

-Don't laugh!

-I feel as if I've arrived

-in the real America.

-I'm on horseback.

-I feel as if I should do this.

-There won't be any of that!

-The Western image is complete.

-But it's not cowboys

-that Erwin is worried about.

-I never go to the canyon

-without my rifle.

-This is the land of

-the black lion... the puma.

-It's better to be safe than sorry!

-As we ride, I start to feel that

-I've been accepted by the family.

-They want to take me

-somewhere important.

-I'm looking forward

-to finding out what's ahead.

-This is the Tsegi Canyon,

-as it is known by the natives.

-It's no wonder that this is

-a sacred place for the Navajo.

-Measuring 26 miles in length...

-..and 1,000 feet in height

-in some parts...

-..the canyon is

-a very sacred place to the Navajo.

-This is our small part

-of the canyon.

-Nobody from outside the family

-has ever been here before.

-What a place!

-Roger just told me

-on the top up there...

-..that we are the first people

-outside the family to come here.

-That's such a privilege.

-At the bottom of the canyon...

-..Roger shows me why the place

-is so close to his heart.

-There are drawings right there.

-This is why I've been

-brought down here.

-There are old buildings

-on the rock up there.

-There are drawings

-on the wall as well.

-That's why this place

-is so sacred to the Navajo.

-We don't know much about

-how these people lived...

-..but we believe that our ancestors

-lived here for 5,000 years.

-Our belief prevents us from

-getting any closer than this.

-There's a unique atmosphere

-to this place.

-You can feel the ancient history

-coming out from the earth...

-..and into your body.

-The air is heavy.

-We have permission to go up

-and see the old buildings...

-..but I think that

-would be disrespectful...

-..towards people who've been

-so extremely kind to us.

-We therefore decided not to go.

-The gods must know we're here...

-..because it's started

-snowing heavily.

-So we'd better make haste!

-I've had some fantastic days

-with the Navajo.

-I'm going to end my time here

-with a big feast.

-There are five generations

-under one roof.

-How often do you see that in Wales?

-We have a lot to learn.

-This is the way of the Navajo.

-The whole family together

-under one roof.

-The older generations

-are singing traditional songs.

-The history of the Navajo

-grew from this land.

-It surrounds them, feeds them,

-is home to them...

-..and is a part of their souls.

-Moments before the feast, the family

-ask us to put away our cameras...

-..as they would like to thank

-the spirits of their ancestors.

-Thank you very much.

-If I had any doubts about

-the existence of old beliefs...

-..they're long gone now.

-CAR HOOTER

-ALL: Bye.

-Wow! The most amazing thing

-has just happened to me.

-I thanked them with presents and

-a love spoon for the grandmother.

-They wanted to give me

-a blessing ceremony...

-..but asked if we could leave

-our cameras outside.

-I then went to sit inside.

-I was given a ceremony to bless

-the journey back to Wales.

-It was very emotional. I'll never

-forget my time with the Navajo.

-S4C Subtitles by Testun Cyf.

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