21/02/2018 Beyond 100 Days

You're watching

Beyond One Hundred Days.

Teenagers confront lawmakers

in Tallahasee Florida

to try to change America's gun laws.

And in solidarity with the Parkland

victims, students across the state

walk out of school in protest

at mass shootings.

These high school kids

are the new factor

in America's old gun debate -

the question is their voice

louder than the gun lobby?

Because to me, to let these victims'

lives be taken without any change

in return is an act of treason.

There is a "monstrous

campaign of annihilation"

taking place in Syria,

says the UN, and it must stop.

Also on the programme...

Donald Trump attacks Democrats,

his own Attorney General

and the FBI over Russian meddling -

anyone, it seems,

except Vladimir Putin.

There are problems that face us

tonight that will never be solved

unless we bring them to the Lord

Jesus Christ.

And the evangelist Billy Graham,

who's thought to have

dies at the age of 99.

Get in touch with us

using the hashtag...

'Beyond-One-Hundred-Days'

Hello - I'm Katty Kay

in Washington and Christian

Fraser is in London.

We've all seen too many mass

shootings in the US to believe

that the latest one in Florida

will produce significant changes

to America's gun laws -

but the anger and determination

of high school students in the state

is a new factor in this old debate.

Today those teenagers

took their campaign for tighter gun

controls to the state

capital of Tallahassee.

They marched to the government

building, chanted slogans

and met local politicians.

Whether they can change

anything, no one knows yet,

but they are mobilising the support

of their peers across the country,

and we haven't seen that before.

Here's the BBC's North

America editor Jon Sopel.

A school trip like no other.

These students from Marjorie

Stoneman Douglas haven't come

to the Florida state

capital to listen.

They have come to speak and demand

change after 17 of their classmates

and teachers were killed last week.

And they're determined to be heard.

No one needs these weapons that

are taking children's lives,

and they should just ban them

because all they are used

for is destruction.

And they're just not needed.

You should go to school feeling safe

and be confident that

you are there for an education

and a bright future.

You're not here to worry

about getting shot.

These youngsters will be heard

politely and given a warm reception

by Florida lawmakers.

But last night those same people

voted against even reopening

a debate on semiautomatic weapons.

The battle for gun control

is going to be an uphill struggle.

You're not up here

to give suggestions,

you are up here to demand.

But that decision not even to debate

guns in the state assembly

has infuriated pupils,

teachers and community

leaders alike.

I buried personally in the last

four days three kids

from my congregation.

I watched a father want to climb

into the mausoleum with his son.

I watched a mother curled up

in a ball who refused to come out

to be with her family

for the funeral.

And they have the gall to not

even discuss the issue.

We are very upset.

But from the White House

there are small but significant

signs of movement.

The president apparently in favour

of raising to 21 the age

at which people can buy weapons.

And he tweeted this.

"Whether we are Republican

or Democrat, who must now focus

on strengthening background checks."

And he announced yesterday

that he wanted to ban bump stocks,

the device used in Las Vegas that

turns a semiautomatic

rifle into a machine gun.

These students have

captured public attention

with their demand for change.

But those who have wearily trod this

path before will tell you that

winning support is a very different

thing to winning reform.

Jon Sopel, BBC News, Tallahassee.

Among the students who travelled

to the Florida state

capitol today was Julia Salomone.

I spoke to her just

a short while ago.

On your way to Tallahassee you said

that you were hopeful that lawmakers

would listen to you. Are you still

hopeful having met them?

I'm still

hopeful about these lawmakers. I've

met with a few this morning and they

have been very receptive of the

message that we are trying to send

that we want reform in gun laws and

in the mental health system to make

sure this does not happen again.

They're listening to us and we do

believe change will happen.

You have

a specific set of proposals that you

would like to see happen when it

comes to gun legislation and mental

health?

I would say there are just a

few things I want to see, not

necessarily set out specific things.

But I would like to see a

registration of firearms in the

state of Florida and the country in

general, that would increase

accountability for gun owners. And

create safety. I want to see the age

of buying and owning a gun raised to

21 for all firearms. I would like to

see an extended waiting period for

buying a gun. In Florida you can

walk into a store and buy a gun on

the same day with no waiting period.

I would like to see three months,

six months, so safety can be

increased in that area.

You were in

the school in Parkland last week

when it was attacked. You said you

do not want your colleagues at

school, your peers at school to have

died in vain. Those who were killed.

Do you think that this movement,

that it can be attributed them?

Yes.

This movement is our tribute, so

many of us have lost people we have

grown up with, people we are close

with. People we have been best

friends with forever. I lost so many

classmates personally and there will

be empty seats in those classrooms.

This move would make sure they do

not die in vain at their lives were

not lost and other lives will not be

lost like theirs. So we are

honouring them with this movement.

How determined are you that there

should be change?

I am extremely

determined that there has to be a

change should up and determined to

make that change was up and just

part of it, we are a collective

force, not one aged people, we are

an entire school and now and entire

country of students and teachers and

parents and everyone just wanting

change to happen. And it just

started with us, now it is bigger

than us. It is about honouring the

lives of our classmates and making a

change.

Thank you.

They're such good speakers and what

strikes me about that interview,

they're not trying to divide people

guns but looking for sensible

solutions such as background checks

and age limits. Entered yet we

remain, even those sort of things

should be achievable but will remain

cynical because after Sandy Hook

this kind of things were promised

and nothing happened so what is

different this time?

Maybe it is

these students and their parents and

teachers got that is what we have

never had before. After Sandy Hook

the children were aged 67 and did

not have contemporaries to speak up

on their behalf. But these children

from Parkland have decided to make

this their mission. What has to

happen now for things to change it

for them to become activists in the

way people who are in favour of gun

rights are acting. Something like

five, 6% of the American voting

population for whom the only issue

would be built on is gun rights and

they will inundate their lawmakers

with phone calls and with protest

about that. Now there must be the

counterpart for that on the

gun-control site and the question is

whether those students become that

counterpart. We just do not know

that yet. We will have to see how

the movement continues.

It's been just over two weeks

since February 4th and in that

short space of time 346 Syrians have

been killed in Eastern Ghouta -

878 more people have been injured.

Those figures come from the UN

which is describing the situation

in Syria as a "monstrous campaign

of annihilation" that must stop.

A local resident has told the BBC

that bombing is hitting

every part of the enclave

and a doctor tells us 14 separate

medical centres have

been put out of action.

The result, says the UN

Secretary General, is "hell

on earth" for the four thousand

people who live there.

Our Middle East editor

Jeremy Bowen has more.

The Syrians deny targeting

civilians in Eastern Ghouta.

EXPLOSIONS.

These, they say, are precision

strikes against artillery

that has hit central Damascus.

SCREAMING.

But the evidence from inside

the enclave is that civilians

are getting hurt and dying.

The suffering of civilians

could have a political effect.

Putting pressure on the rebel groups

in eastern Ghouta to make a deal.

The lives of their children

against strategic front line

territory near central Damascus

that the regime wants to get back.

This activist says helicopters

are hovering over us

here in eastern Ghouta.

God help us, we are

being exterminated.

I was able to cross

from government-controlled Damascus

to eastern Ghouta several times

at the beginning of the war.

Even then it was very badly

damaged by regime bombing.

Morale among the rebels was high

and dozens of young men were joining

what they believed was a revolution.

What do you think

will happen to Assad?

Killed.

Must be killed.

When the war started the regime

was under severe pressure.

It lost control of a crescent

of suburbs around Damascus.

Eastern Ghouta is the last of them

that has not surrendered.

In 2013 Eastern Ghouta was hit

by a chemical attack

that killed hundreds.

The Americans threatened a military

strike against the regime

and then decided against it.

It was a turning point in the war

after that the regime lost its fear

of Western intervention.

In September 2015 Russia intervened,

decisively, on Assad's side.

Now he is more secure

and he is emboldened,

more so than at any time

since the war started.

And the Russians are becoming

the dominant foreign

power in the Middle East.

In northern Syria the president

has just sent militia

men to join the fight

against the Turkish incursion.

He would not have the confidence

to move against Nato power

without the Russians.

And it suggests he will not listen

to foreign condemnation

of the attack on eastern Ghouta.

Jeremy Bowen BBC News.

Syria reminds me, those pictures we

saw from Aleppo a year and a half

ago and we did not think we would

see them again and the pattern is so

familiar. We hope the United Nations

say it is hell on earth but it does

not too much. President Assad says

he's attacking terrorists in the

region and he seems to carry on with

these bombings totally with impunity

because he has Russia on his side.

I

do not see what could break the

pattern. Well they're used to be 12

enclaves around Damascus and this is

the last and he wants to secure his

grip on Damascus and on power. I

think we will see more bloodshed in

the coming days and not less. A

pretty grim situation.

President Trump is

preoccupied with the Russia

investigation and has now tweeted 20

times about the issue

since last Friday.

Today he focused his anger

not on Moscow on Putin,

but on Obama and the Democrats.

Here's Mr Trump's tweet

from this morning.

Question: If all of the Russian

meddling took place

during the Obama Administration,

right up to January 20th,

why aren't they the subject

of the investigation?

Why didn't Obama do something

about the meddling?

Why aren't Dem crimes

under investigation?

Ask Jeff Sessions!

Russia still denies any meddling.

At the Munich security

conference last weekend -

the former Russian Ambassador

to Washington was directly

confronted about the interference

by America's former Ambassador

to NATO, Nick Burns.

If we're talking about

nuclear security, your

government has completely undermined

the foundation for it.

And you were Ambassador when this

was happening, so you must have

known something about it.

I have said already

that we did not meddle

in the American political life.

And to suggest that

we started meddling

in elections that have not started

is even more bizarre to hear.

It is your life, it is your fight.

And Ambassador Burns joined me

from Harvard a short time ago.

Ambassador Burns, President Trump

tweeted today that the Obama

Administration did not do anything,

that they are the ones that should

be investigated over

the Russia collusion issue.

Was he right?

He was wrong.

This is a preposterous

statement by President Trump.

The facts are that President Obama

expelled 35 Russian diplomats

from the United States,

closed two diplomatic

compounds, Russian compounds,

in the United States.

Sanctioned Russia and told

the American people

in the President's last month,

what the problem was,

publicly acknowledged it.

And urged the American people

and Congress to be wary

of what Russia was doing.

President Trump has

done none of that.

He refuses to this day even

with all the tweets in the last

couple of days to acknowledge

that the Russians launched

a conspiracy, Trump has refused

to implement the sanctions voted

overwhelmingly by the Congress.

President Trump's statements today

are just completely untrue.

When you were at the Munich Security

conference over the course

of the weekend you confronted

the former Russian ambassador

to Washington over the issue

of meddling in American elections.

And he seemed to almost echo

the Trump administration line

that this is basically fake news.

He did, this was a public

forum in Munich.

I was the moderator and I decided

I had to confront him with the facts

that Robert Mueller had brought out

in his indictment of the 13 Russians

that the Russian government

was behind this major conspiracy.

Of course he and his boss

the Russian Foreign Minister Sergei

Lavrov, they hid behind

the Trump administration statements.

Sergei Lavrov even quoted

Vice President Pence and other

administration officials saying

the allegations against

Russia were fake news.

So I thought that was profoundly

depressing for an American to hear -

that our president was basically

using the same argument

that the Russians are using to deny

the undeniable facts.

That the Russians interfered

in a major way in our elections.

And the president, our president,

needs to atone for this.

So ever since those indictments last

week, President Trump has tweeted,

I think I'm right in saying 21

times, about the Russia

investigation.

Does it seem to you not only

that this is getting under his skin,

this investigation,

but that it is preoccupying

his presidency?

There's no question about it.

I think it is hanging

over his entire presidency.

No one knows what is going to happen

next in the Robert Mueller

investigation except for director

Robert Mueller and his team.

But President Trump has gone

overboard in a very unusual way

with all of these tweets.

What is remarkable to me

is that he has never uttered any

criticism of President Putin.

Why do you think that is?

He has criticised everybody under

the sun but not Putin.

What is your interpretation of that?

You know this is the big question.

My own view is that President Trump

believes that any indication that

Russia may have interfered

in the election

somehow delegitimises

President Trump's victory.

Against Hillary Clinton.

And he doesn't want that to happen.

He's proud of his victory,

proud of the way he ran his race.

He does not want

to see it belittled.

But that is not his first job.

His first job is to

defend the States.

Dan Coats who is President Trump's

director of national intelligence,

said last week that we are under

attack by the Russians.

That we were in 2016,

we are in the 2018 elections.

And President Trump needs

to get beyond himself,

his own narrow concern,

and be president of 320 million

Americans and defend us.

And help our states

to raise their defences.

He has not done any of that.

I find him entirely

deficient in this basic role

of being commander-in-chief.

Nick Burns, thanks very

much for joining me.

The indictment of the 13 Russians

last week established that there was

a conspiracy and anyone who

supported it or knew about it,

Robert Mueller could go after. I

think belatedly the president has

realised it has made it much more

difficult for him to fire Robert

Mueller. That seems to be the case.

I cannot see why, any other reason

for so many tweets in the last few

days.

That and his national security

adviser saying at the same Munich

conference that there was

undoubtedly Russian intervention in

the US election, now I think it will

be difficult for him as you say to

fire Robert Mueller. There's also

talk amongst lawyers here in this

town is Robert Mueller has also gone

after a lawyer of a foreign national

and they're all saying this is

serious, he's not going to stop at

anything but we do not know whether

Donald Trump is reluctant to say

something about President Putin

because the Russians do have some

kind of information about him or

because as Nick Burns suggested he

is worried his election victory

would be regarded as not legitimate.

The Watergate investigation took two

years and may take that long but

there will be answers about by this

president is so reluctant to

criticise Putin and the Russians and

so reluctant to say there was

Russian involvement in the US

elections.

The British charity

Save the Children has apologised

to three female employees

who complained about

inappropriate behaviour

by its former chief executive.

Justin Forsyth resigned

from the organisation

after being accused

of sending inappropriate texts.

Save the Children has admitted

proper procedures were not followed

while investigating the complaints

in 2015 and says it

has launched a review

of its "organisational culture".

A new study by scientists

in France suggests heavy

drinkers may risk the early

onset of dementia.

Researchers looked at the habits

of more than a million

people and found that of the 57,000

diagnosed with the disease

before the age of 65,

half had alcohol problems.

It's thought that heavy drinking

is associated with smoking,

depression and other factors,

which increase the risk of dementia.

Environmental campaigners in the UK

have won another victory

in the High Court after a judge

ruled government plans to tackle air

pollution are "unlawful".

The government has modified

its plans to reduce harmful

nitrogen dioxide in the past

following previous rulings that

levels are too high across Britain.

However, the court says still more

needs to be done to comply

with pollution laws.

It's estimated that outdoor air

pollution contributes to 40,000

early deaths a year in the UK.

The American evangelist,

Billy Graham,

has died at the age of 99.

Graham began preaching in October

of 1947, and during the course

of his life he is thought to have

spoken to 215 million people

in more than 185 countries

and territories around the world.

He was the founder and the master

of the art of tele-evangelism.

Mr Graham was close

to Presidents and world leaders.

Today Buckingham Palace said

the Queen will send a private

message of condolence to his family.

But he was not without

some controversy.

He apologised after audio recordings

revealed he'd failed to criticise

Richard Nixon's anti-semitic

comments and he was criticised for

preaching behind the iron curtain.

The problems that face us tonight

that will never be solved,

unless we bring them

to the Lord Jesus Christ.

Charismatic and handsome,

Billy Graham preached a simple

message that he took

around the world.

That people should turn to Jesus. He

had a remarkable effect on a

sometimes disinterested public.

God

loves you and if there's one thing

you get out of these days we are in

Edinburgh it is that God loves you.

In 1954 London first experienced the

force of the Billy Graham Brandt of

evangelism.

We have come here at the

invitation of these churches to lead

you in a crusade to win meant to

Jesus Christ.

As his reputation

grew, so that the crowds. From New

York to Nigeria.

He was God and he

was also man. I want you to get out

of your seat right now and say I

want my sins forgiven.

It was as a

Billy game rally in Earls Court in

1966 the Cliff Richard publicly

declared his Christianity.

He reached hundreds of millions. And

he was courted by American

presidents. From Nixon to Clinton.

Though he never took sides. I'm

looking forward to death because I

want to go into the glorious New

World I believe everyone that knows

Jesus Christ is going to go and I

will have all the answers that now I

would like to have cancers too.

I

asked daddy what do you want on your

tombstone and he thought and said,

just preacher. That is it.

Despite

cancer and Parkinson's disease,

Billy Graham was just that. A

preacher, into old age, and

thousands still flocked to hear him.

So how did this farm boy from North

Carolina comes to speak to so many

people around the world?

What is

amazing but the Graham he was born

at the end of the First World War

but mastered the very modern

technology of television. He

understood that was how he was going

to reach millions of people around

the world. He was an icon, it is

hard to overstate his influence on

the Christian movement here in

America. He bridged in South Africa

to integrated audiences, he preached

in North Korea and the soviet union

service which was global for but if

you track Billy Graham and his telly

evangelical movement with the rise

of evangelical Christianity around

the world there is a parallel. You

could say he the founder of that.

Most of my knowledge came from the

Crown!

All these presidents since

Robert Schumann, but he said he

never advised them, all but he did

was to pray with them.

He was

criticised for being too close to

some of the presidents and that was

the source of some controversy.

Now

we're focusing on this Norwegian

cross country skier who has become

the most successful Winter Olympian

of all time after winning bronze in

the cross-country team sprint where

were the Americans? That is Marit

Bjoergen.

This is Beyond 100

Days from the BBC.

Coming up for viewers

on the BBC News Channel

and BBC World News -

we return to the issue of gun

control - will talks

between the President and survivors

of some of the worst school

shootings bear fruit?

And ever been to the Nile?

How BBC viewers can now explore it

using the power of virtual reality.

That's still to come.

Good evening. The weather is going

to change over the next few days and

things will become significantly

colder. But today we had some

beautiful sunny skies. There will be

more sunshine to come because high

pressure is currently exerting

influence across much of western

Europe. And it will feed in colder

air in the coming days from the

East. It turns quite chilly through

tonight, some clear spells but also

some areas of cloud. Temperatures in

the towns and cities around freezing

but dropping below out in the

countryside. So Thursday morning

from any some spells of sunshine

after any early mist and fog has

cleared. Through the day generally

more clout bubbling up. Still a

decent look to the weather. More

clout and the strengthening wind

into Northern Ireland and the West

of Scotland and temperatures around

five, 7 degrees. Into Friday a

similar looking day, a lot of

sunshine. Some areas of cloud here

and there. The breeze perhaps

becoming more noticeable down

towards the south and making it feel

a bit colder. Then we head into the

weekend, high pressure still the

dominant feature. But it has moved

further north at this stage across

Scandinavia. So the air is coming in

all the way from Siberia. Through

the weekend things to turn

increasingly cold. Getting down to

perhaps 4 degrees is the maximum

temperature on Sunday. But adding on

the strength of the winter it will

feel even colder. And the high

pressure remains dominant as we get

on into next week. What you can see

on the chart is just the suggestion

that we might see some snow showers.

As we continued to import those cold

easterly winds. The cold air not

only reaching the UK but going a way

south across Europe and some parts

of the Mediterranean. For as the

amount of snow are uncertain as we

get into next week but we can say it

will be cold with a widespread frost

and bitter wind. And the chance of

some snow.

This is Beyond 100 Days with me

Katty Kay in Washington.

Christian Fraser's in London.

Our top stories...

Students in Florida take

to the streets in the state capital

to demand stricter

controls on gun sales.

The UN Secretary General demands

an immediate end to fighting

in Eastern Ghouta in Syria,

saying the besieged rebel enclave

has become "hell on earth".

Coming up in the next half hour...

The American evangelist,

Billy Graham, has died at the age

of 99 after battling Parkinson's

disease for several years.

He devoted his life to spreading

the Christian message.

The massive dam that can control

the River Nile across three

countries.

But this multi-billion dollar

project in Ethiopia could

trigger a major regional conflict.

Let us know your thoughts

by using the hashtag...

The United Nations Secretary General

has called for an immediate halt

to all fighting in the Syrian rebel

enclave of Eastern Ghouta,

which has come under fierce

bombardment from government forces

for a fourth day.

Antonio Guterres described

the situation in the area

as "hell on earth".

Local activists say that more

than 40 people have been killed

in air strikes today,

I short time ago I spoke to

in air strikes today,

and a short time ago I spoke to

Dr Bassam Bakri an anesthesiologist

who's been treating patients today.

And he's doing it in fear of his

And he's doing it in fear of his own

wife, under the constant threat of

bombardment.

Feels not enough

equipment. -- there is not enough

equipment. No medicine. It's so

hard. It's catastrophic. We don't

have morphine, we don't have any

medicine... I don't know, it's so

hard.

Does that mean that you're

treating children and operating on

children and you can't make them

comfortable?

Yes. It is so hard to

treat children. There is no safe

place to send them, not enough

medicine, as I told you. No food.

You can't feed them. We have money,

maybe more than 330 injured

children.

And you're dying this

amidst bombs falling around -- and

you're doing this.

Yes, maybe more

than 200 bombardment and missiles.

Artillery. So, you cannot imagine

the danger and how it scales the

children. -- and how its scares. It

is so hard.

How do you think this

will end, doctor?

I don't know. I

will stay here until people. It's

our country, our towns. We'll stay

here and say people and help the

injured. That's what we have to do.

What you say to the outside world,

the international community?

The

international community just

watching us and leaving us to be

called. I don't know why. I don't

know what's our fault, just ask for

our freedom. We want some United

Nations convoys, medicine and food.

Stop killing. We need real pressure

on this criminal regime.

Terrible listening to that. Here's a

humanitarian and doctor and can't

help the patients with them. They're

not even working in a hospital.

They're having to hide in buildings

and basements. Earlier today when

trying to get in touch with him, he

said, is it possible that we said,

is it possible to get an interview?

He said, I've been working flat out

all day. Then he said, if I get

time, if I'm alive.

Our hearts go out to them.

Returning now to the students

from Parkland, Florida

who are taking their calls for gun

control to the state's capital.

Earlier many of them

spoke passionately and

here is just a sample.

I am a high school senior. I don't

know the exact course of action to

take. I don't know exactly what

needs to be done. I just know that

what we're doing there was nowhere

near enough. If I have to keep

seeing neighbours die, friends die,

other people on the news deal with

this same tragedy... They do not

deserve this. America does not

deserve this. Humanity does not

deserve this.

That was an amazing

group of articulate students who are

so passionate.

As those students press

their case in Florida,

today the President is holding

a listening session with students

and teachers here in Washington.

For more on the politics of this

we are joined now by former

advisor to George W

Bush, Ron Christie.

You, like me have seen this happen

time and time again after each of

these events. We think things will

change and America will find a way

to stop these killings but that

doesn't happen.

It doesn't happen.

One of the reasons is we have the

second Amendment in the United

States. It's in the bill of Rights.

It says on the constitution you're

allowed to bear arms. There has been

such a growing political fight after

each one of these shootings where we

think we will reform the gun laws

and expand background checks but

ultimately, the Congress and

President do nothing.

Part of the

reason on this and I think we have

the numbers is that the number of

people for her and our rights a

single issue is a bigger number than

those who want gun-control. If you

call your congressmen, they listen

to you.

Having

worked in that area for many years,

we had many calls saying, don't

restrict my right to bear arms.

And

yet, they voted not to have a

discussion on gun ownership. But

devoted to have a discussion about

pornography, that is bad for your

elf. Nothing about the pornography

of guns, which is terrible for the

children gathered outside the state

is in Tallahassee. To elected

representatives would even discuss

it.

These children are still

traumatised by what happened to them

and decided to exercise their first

Amendment rights. To go to

Tallahassee and come to Washington,

DC. There was a big demonstration

earlier today to demand lawmakers do

something. We can debate with the

right -- what the right course of

action should be, but given the fact

that the 18-24 -year-old demographic

is the largest one, larger than

seniors any native states, these

politicians better be worried

because I think these young people

will mobilise the vote.

Ryan, thank

you for joining us. This is a debate

we will return to several times.

Oprah Winfrey and various

celebrities in Hollywood have backed

the students. Is that a good thing?

No, at the moment, the key is the

students. They are the offence take

voices and new in this debate. We

have had liberals in Hollywood

weighing in before, but the new

thing now is these didn't. -- is

these students.

He was America's pastor -

that's how former President George W

Bush described Billy Graham

and today the tributes have been

pouring in for the preacher

who reached millions.

The spirtual guidance he gave

to multiple US presidents

is the topic of a book coauthored

by Nancy Gibbs - former

editor in chief of TIME.

She joins us from New York now.

Nancy, Guilmette Billy Graham

several times while you were

researching this book. What was it

about him, do you think, that

catapulted him from end of the First

World War birth to farm boy, to

being the famous preacher he became?

Well he of course would say that it

was not anything he did, it was what

God did. In a way, that tells you

everything you need to know.

Somehow, a man who spent more years

in public life on the public stage

than almost any figure in the 20th

century managed to not have that

completely distorted view of the

world and have pride go to his head.

By the 1950s, he was photographed at

more than Marilyn Monroe and he was

more famous than those presidents he

became such good friends with. And I

think that at some level,

extraordinary humility that he

managed to hang onto, despite the

same and the millions and millions

of people who would come out to hear

him night after night. Really

distinguished him and gave his

message a kind of resonance with

atomic age population who wanted

reassurance and understanding of

something that felt real, affecting

an accessible to them.

He came from

that tumultuous time in unaided --

in the 1960s in the native states.

But he managed to reach people

around the world. Was it through

television that he understood this

new means of mass communication?

He

certainly did. He understood radio.

He had a newspaper column and

published books. He had a massive

audience that never saw him in

person. On the other hand, he is

probably an individual who spoke to

more people in person than anyone

who has ever lived. Well over 200

million people. So it was both.

People would come to see him at

these enormous receives all over the

world but then he also had his

virtual ministry that was

ecumenical, global and used every

form of medium available to him very

shrewdly. He understood the power of

media far better than certainly most

religious speakers of age.

But there

was the controversy. He went behind

the Iron Curtain at a time when that

wasn't done. Why do you think he did

that?

He did it because he felt

every human being has the same need

to hear the gospel. And he was

pretty immune to the criticism,

because, in a way, he could answer

by saying, he needs to hear God's

worth more than the people who are

enslaved by communism or do not

enjoy freedom of religion in the

country? So he was fully prepared to

withstand criticism if it allowed

him to preach in places where

Christian leaders had never stepped

foot in recent years.

And he gave

the indication that -- the

invocation at nine presidential

inauguration. Residents done to him

in their darkest hours. What was it

about and that they wanted to talk

to and what spiritual guidance to

tea for them?

This is what's

remarkable. He was valuable to them

privately and publicly. The kind of

things they talked about in private,

from Eisenhower wanting to know

whether he would see his parents in

heaven, and Johnson, who was

terribly afraid of death, wanted

Billy Graham to fly with him because

he would say, God is not going to

let this plane Godin Billy Graham is

on it. When Ronald Reagan was shot,

Nancy Reagan took to the hospital

on it. When Ronald Reagan was shot,

Nancy Reagan took to the hospital.

When Hillary Clinton faced enormous

turmoil in her marriage, Billy

Graham is the one she wanted to talk

to. These are most intimate, Private

kind of emotional and spiritual

issues. At the same time, he was

enormously valuable to these public

figures in public. And to have Billy

Graham at your side, whether that

your inauguration of the night

before the Gulf War began for

President Bush 41, after the

Oklahoma City bombing for Bill

Clinton, after 9/11 for George W

Bush, at these moments of enormous

national pain and concern, having

Billy Graham there was a signal to

the country that the president is a

thoughtful, spiritual man and people

are praying for him. With him.

Nancy, thank you for sharing those

stories, as we remember Billy

Graham.

A letter sent to the UK

Prime Minister from 60

Brexit supporting MPs makes clear

they are not prepared

to swallow many more compromises

when it comes to breaking free

from the EU.

It's the timing of the letter

that's important.

It comes on the eve of tomorrow's

away day summit at Chequers

in which Theresa May hopes to bring

all sides together.

It's clearly not going to be easy.

What's more, a leaked government

document leaves some ambiguity over

the length of time the transition

period should last.

Earlier, I talked to

influential Conservative back

bencher Johnny Mercer.

I put it to him that the Prime

Minister goes to Chequers tomorrow

to hammer out a deal with colleagues

who might be clear that they don't

want to compromise.

I'm beginning to

get fed up with all these letters

going to the Prime Minister. I think

she has a difficult enough job as it

is at the moment. There are clearly

things everyone wants from this

negotiation. But she will get the

best deal she can. I understand

people have their opinions on her

leadership and what's going on, but

this is a critical time for the

nation. This is such an important

moment to get this settlement right

for the next ten, 20 years. And I

don't want to see her bullied by

factions of the party. There's

actually a hell of a lot more people

who didn't sign that letter as

Parliament. I the concerns of those

who did, but we should calm down a

bit and get behind the Prime

Minister, get this deal done. That

is what people want, who voted for

us.

We have also seen a leaked

government document which is rather

ambiguous about the length of

transition there would be when Brett

Lee the European Union. Your voters

in Plymouth voted to leave. Would

they be happy with an open-ended

transition?

No, I don't think they

would. We need a clearly defined

time where people can see what the

planners. Speaking to people in

businesses, they want that vision

and timeline. What is this

transition going to look like and

how long will it last for? What does

the future like beyond that? That is

what we need to focus on. I accept

that they will be elements of

negotiation in this and some might

want to see it open-ended. I don't

think that is at it. People voted to

leave and we need to get on with it.

It transition phase may be part of

it but not an open-ended one.

Outside of the 60 MPs who wrote the

letter, what do backbenchers think?

Another debate is of course the

customs union. People say it is not

possible to keep the border in

Ireland open if you leave the

customs union.

I am not going to

pretend I know the answer to what

the problem is in Northern Ireland.

There is clearly an issue to how we

have frictionless trade with the

European Union and when you leave

the customs union. I want to see a

gracious Brexit with give and take

on a number of different sides. But

ultimately, we get the best results

for the people in this country who

voted to leave the European Union.

And yes, there clear issues around

Northern Ireland and the customs

union. The Department under David

Davis and the Prime Minister are

working as hard as they can to get

through that now. The time to judge

them, and I know that is -- that

nothing patted the thick time to

judge them is when this is done.

You

would agree it is time for the plan?

I do agree. I think we need to see a

bit more vision and a programme to

like the way ahead so that

businesses in places like Plymouth

have an idea of what is going on. I

was with the CBI today and yes, it

is tough. People knew this would

happen. I don't buy this argument

that people did not know what they

were voting for. They were stupid

voting for Brexit. It was clearly

laid out by the Remain campaign and

David Cameron. People knew this

would be difficult. But let's get on

and work harder to get a plan so

people can start making decisions

posted 2019 when we actually leave.

The future is bright but we need to

light it up and show that vision to

people in this country.

This is Beyond 100 Days.

Still to come - the River Nile

in virtual reality.

We take a different perspective

on the project to build Africa's

biggest hydroelectric dam.

Two victims of the "black cab

rapist" John Worboys have won

a landmark legal case

against the Metropolitan Police

after officers failed to take action

when they reported him.

The Supreme Court ruling means

police may now face legal action

if they fail to properly

investigate serious cases.

Here's our Legal Correspondent,

Clive Coleman.

For years, John Worboys cruised

the streets of London in his black

cab looking for women to dupe,

drug and sexually assault.

This woman, known for legal reasons

as DST, was attacked by Warboys

in 2003 and was the first

to report him to police.

I put my trust in the police.

I went to them, for

them to sort this out.

I knew who had attacked me.

Didn't know his name but I knew

who was responsible for this.

They had all the information there,

they should have caught him,

they could have stopped him.

Warboys was able to continue

to attack women until he was finally

brought to justice in 2009.

DSD and another Warboys' victims

brought a legal challenge claiming

claiming the police failures

breached their human

and amounted to inhuman

and degrading treatment.

The Metropolitan Police fought them

to the Supreme Court.

Today, the court ruled

in the women's favour.

We have held that failures

in the investigation of crimes,

provided they are sufficiently

serious, will give rise to liability

on the part of the police.

And we have further found

that there were such serious

deficiencies in this case.

Today's landmark ruling has huge

implications for both

of violent crime and the police

who investigate it.

If they seriously fail

in an investigation,

they can face human rights actions

by the victim and have

to pay out compensation.

Today's judgment can't make up

for the police errors

in investigating John Worboys.

But it will put real pressure

on them to ensure such

mistakes don't happen again.

The project to build Africa's

biggest hydroelectric dam

on the River Nile is threatening

to provoke a major conflict between

some of the countries affected.

The dam is being built by Ethiopia,

and Sudan says it welcomes

the prospect of cheaper power.

But the Egyptians are deeply

unhappy - fearing the flow

through the Aswan Dam

and on to Cairo will be weakened,

in a country already facing

serious water shortages.

Our Africa correspondent

Alastair Leithead has travelled

to all three countries -

and sent the first of his special

reports from Ethiopia.

Lake Tana.

The source of the blue Nile.

A sacred lake of mystery and legend

way up in the Ethiopian highlands.

But as this great river launches

itself on a long journey to the sea,

there are turbulent times ahead

between the three countries

that share its waters.

It's all about this.

The grand Ethiopian Renaissance dam.

Five years in and two thirds

finished, this multibillion-dollar

dam can already control the flow

of the Nile and that's

upsetting downstream Egypt.

When it's finished, this will be

the largest hydroelectric

power station in Africa.

And one of the biggest

dams on the continent.

It will not only power this country,

but the surrounding

countries as well.

And Ethiopia didn't even ask

the countries downstream before

it started building.

That is the scale of this

country's ambition.

This project is a project

that is being built by Ethiopians.

And that will benefit other

African brothers, sisters,

and other countries

across the globe.

The project manager

insists that downstream

countries should not worry.

As it will not consume any water.

The reservoir it creates will be

bigger than Greater London.

It will flood the river valley

for 250 kilometres upstream.

But if it is filled up too quickly,

the flow of the Nile,

85% of which comes from

here, will be reduced.

That is what Egypt is worried about.

These pylons will soon take

cheap power to Sudan

which supports the dam.

It will bring electricity

to some of the 70 million

Ethiopians without.

And it will drive Ethiopia's

industrial ambitions.

Modernisation is already changing

life in the capital Addis Ababa.

Ethiopia wants to pull its people

out of poverty, to create jobs

and get over its historic image

of drought and famine.

To the government, economic

growth is everything.

More important than human

rights or democracy.

And the dam is a modern

defining national project.

It is one of the most important

flagship projects for Ethiopia.

So Egypt has nothing to worry about?

There's nothing to worry about.

It is not about control of the flow.

It is really about providing

opportunity for us

to develop ourselves.

The dam can already control

the flow of the river.

But its full impact

downstream isn't yet known.

It is a political row

that is pulling in the

neighbouring countries.

And we can find out a bit more

about some of the stunning pictures

you saw in that report

because Alastair Leithead is here.

I spent all afternoon in a VR lab

with this man today. He has done the

most extraordinary thing in

television. Go to the front page of

the BBC website and get some of

these goggles that we will show you.

These are the cardboard goggles. He

has done this extraordinary VR

experience down the Nile so that you

can actually look around and I'll

like this and follow the story. Tell

us about how you did it.

It is a

very different way of broadcasting.

As a former foreign correspondent

yourself, your job is to take people

to places will stop explain things

to them and get them to understand

stuff. But when you can actually

take them there and show it to

them... This is cardboard, it is a

cheap version, about eight or $9.

You put your phone in the front, put

some headphones on and you're in

that virtual world.

It is so

immersive. This is the camera here.

Your best friend.

Margin.

It films

in 360. You want, the clouds, at

your feet... It's the sound as well.

If I look at you here, I get the

sound in this year but overhear,

different sense. Do that?

That

spatial audio. You can do that with

good headphones. We get the sound

and located in space and people can

be drawn to look in the right place.

As you say, you can look anywhere.

You could see it with that interview

with the Minister Elliott. You could

see his desk, things like that.

Having experience of being there as

well as hearing the story.

This is

really cool and their loved one you

did on the website. But they have to

say, I am a little bit disappointed

because I thought you would come

into the studio with something super

high-tech and supermodel and all

you've got is a little cardboard

box!

That's the point. We need to

try get people to use these things.

It's hassle to get a bit of kit to

put your phone in and watch this

stuff. But it's worth it. What we're

trying to do, doing this film, while

we're on a journey on the River Nile

anyway, is to get people to look at

it and see it the way that we want

to it. The best way to see it is

going to bbc.com.

We are after the Nile because that

looked like too much fun.

These foreign correspondents don't

know they're born. I used to have to

go to these places and film