21/06/2011 Newsnight


21/06/2011

Similar Content

Browse content similar to 21/06/2011. Check below for episodes and series from the same categories and more!

Transcript


LineFromTo

Tonight we report from inside Syria, the Government there has banned

:00:08.:00:12.

independent foreign reporting. So Sue Lloyd Roberts has been there

:00:12.:00:16.

undercover. On the road to Damascus, she meets

:00:16.:00:19.

the ordinary Syrians whose stories have not been heard before.

:00:19.:00:23.

TRANSLATION: They gave us the orders to fire heavily at unarmed

:00:24.:00:27.

people, we were surprised to be told to shoot randomly, no

:00:27.:00:31.

distinction between women, children, armed or unarmed men, many, many

:00:31.:00:34.

were killed. What lies behind the demonstrations which the Government

:00:34.:00:39.

says are the work merely of saboteur, and how has the regime

:00:39.:00:42.

reacted? TRANSLATION: After they tortured me, they put me in

:00:42.:00:45.

solitary, it was so small, I was made to stand, I couldn't sit down

:00:45.:00:50.

of the they beat me with electric batons.

:00:50.:00:54.

Also tonight, as the Greek parliament faces a critical vote in

:00:54.:01:00.

the next few minutes and the mob outside watches and waits, will

:01:00.:01:05.

Helenic shivers lead to a second global crash. The issue is simple,

:01:05.:01:09.

will tax-payers end up bailing out the bankers yet again?

:01:09.:01:19.
:01:19.:01:20.

We're joined by guests who know to beware of Greeks bearing gilts. Is

:01:20.:01:23.

the Justice Secretary now the prisoner of Downing Street.

:01:23.:01:26.

Ever wondered why sometimes Google seems to deliver exactly what you

:01:26.:01:31.

wanted to hear? Instead of cyberspace widening our horizon, is

:01:32.:01:41.
:01:42.:01:44.

it trapping us in our own little bubbles.

:01:44.:01:48.

State television in Syria broadcast news of the uprising in the country

:01:48.:01:52.

today. Or else it broadcast pictures that it said proved

:01:52.:01:56.

foreign troublemakers were misrepresenting the Syrian people's

:01:56.:02:00.

fanatical devotion to President Assad. According to activist, his

:02:00.:02:05.

troops opened fire on demonstrators in various cities, killing perhaps

:02:05.:02:08.

seven people, including another 13- year-old boy. We know none of this

:02:08.:02:12.

for certain, of course, because the regime refuses to allow foreign

:02:12.:02:17.

journalists free access. So Sue Lloyd Roberts has been in Damascus

:02:17.:02:27.
:02:27.:02:30.

on news Newsnight's behalf, It was surprisingly easy to get

:02:31.:02:36.

into the country. Posing as a tourist, with a small camera. But

:02:36.:02:40.

once here in Damascus, the difficulties began. If I booked

:02:40.:02:47.

into an hotel, I was told I would be followed. My contacts took me to

:02:47.:02:52.

an empty flat in a suburb of the city. To accommodate a journalist

:02:52.:02:56.

at home would put them in jail, they explained. I had to lock the

:02:56.:03:03.

doors and keep the blinds drawn. I have to sit here in hiding for

:03:03.:03:06.

hours at a time, waiting to get a message from one of the activists

:03:06.:03:10.

I'm working with here, to tell me when it is safe enough to go into

:03:10.:03:14.

Damascus to meet with them. It is a frustrating way to report on the

:03:14.:03:18.

uprising here in Syria, but not as difficult as it is for those who

:03:18.:03:22.

are trying to bring about change in this country.

:03:22.:03:27.

I soon found I wasn't alone in my predicament, nearly everyone I met

:03:27.:03:31.

was on the run or in hiding, from Syria's Mukhabarat, the secret

:03:31.:03:35.

police. Political activists are now

:03:35.:03:44.

scattered around the city, in borrowed rooms and flats. I found

:03:45.:03:48.

this 26-year-old journalists hide anything a friend's apartment, he

:03:48.:03:54.

had just written his will. TRANSLATION: Prison was terrifying,

:03:54.:03:59.

they tortured me, they put me in solitary confinement, they beat me

:03:59.:04:04.

with electric baton, they spat at me said my career was over.

:04:04.:04:09.

His crime was to cast doubt on the President's promise of reform. What

:04:09.:04:15.

does he think real reform is? TRANSLATION: The people of Syria

:04:15.:04:18.

dream of living in a country that is free, where there was a rule of

:04:19.:04:22.

law without a dictatorship, and where our lives are not ruled by

:04:22.:04:28.

the security forces. Aliya, the mother of a young

:04:28.:04:32.

daughter, had to go into hiding after leading a group of women

:04:32.:04:37.

demonstrators. Why did she do it? TRANSLATION: I don't want my

:04:37.:04:40.

daughter to grow up like I did, having always to say something in

:04:40.:04:44.

one place, and something else in another. I want her to be free. I

:04:44.:04:54.

want her to say what she wants, where she wants, when she wants. My

:04:54.:05:04.
:05:04.:05:04.

daughter watches the TV, and she hears us chanting, "people want the

:05:04.:05:07.

downfall of the regime". In her innocence she repeated this in

:05:07.:05:11.

school, and the teacher got really angry, and shouted at her, and told

:05:11.:05:20.

her she had to praise the President. Life in Syria is dominated by the

:05:20.:05:24.

weekly protests after Friday prayers. Who will go? Who will risk

:05:24.:05:28.

being killed by army snipers. Will they survive to return home

:05:29.:05:34.

afterwards. It's Thursday evening, the eve of what's become protest

:05:34.:05:39.

day here in Syria, and people are dashing home before the roadblocks

:05:39.:05:45.

are set up between the suburbs of Damascus and the city itself. The

:05:45.:05:51.

last thing authorities want is for people to converge on the city,

:05:51.:05:56.

recreating the Damascus equivalent of Cairo's Tahrir Square. Even here

:05:56.:06:00.

in the prosperous middle-class suburb, you can tell how many

:06:00.:06:03.

security guards patrol the streets, by the number of times I'm told to

:06:03.:06:08.

hide my camera. People here tell you a mass demonstration in

:06:08.:06:13.

Damascus would not be like Egypt, it would be massacre. But for

:06:13.:06:16.

opposition leader, Riad Seif, the weekly protests are the highlight

:06:16.:06:23.

of his week. I am 65 years old now, and I have cancer, but I enjoy so

:06:23.:06:27.

much going to demonstrate every Friday with these youth, which I

:06:27.:06:35.

see in them the future of Syria. Once I was caught and I was beaten

:06:35.:06:39.

very, very hard. When Bashar al-Assad first came to

:06:39.:06:43.

power ten years ago, he asked opposition leaders, like Seif, to

:06:43.:06:48.

help him introduce reform. When Seif suggested a genuine democracy

:06:48.:06:55.

he was imprisoned. Syria belongs to the Syrians, it

:06:55.:07:00.

doesn't belong to the Al-Assad family. This, let's say, Al-Assad

:07:00.:07:04.

family forever, should have been stopped, it is enough.

:07:04.:07:09.

While I was in Damascus, there were pro-regime demonstration, and they

:07:09.:07:12.

are happening with increasing regularity. Attended by thousands

:07:12.:07:18.

of ordinary people, and not just those from the ruling Shia minority.

:07:18.:07:25.

I went back to the hideout, the journalist, and asked him who the

:07:25.:07:31.

President's supporters are? TRANSLATION: Like every country

:07:31.:07:35.

there are people who benefit from the regime. There are two million

:07:35.:07:39.

security personnel in Syria, if they alone came out, that would be

:07:39.:07:44.

the biggest pro-regime rally ever. Yesterday President Assad repeated

:07:45.:07:49.

that his country was bedevilled by saboteurs. The regime alternate in

:07:50.:07:54.

accusing the protestors of being inspired by Israel, and at other

:07:54.:07:57.

times, they are accused of being part of an Islamic fundamentalist

:07:57.:08:03.

plot. Is there any truth in that? TRANSLATION: When I went out to

:08:03.:08:09.

protest, I did not hear any purely Islamic chants. Everyone was

:08:09.:08:14.

chanting, "Allah, Syria, freedom", that is what we want. Everyone was

:08:14.:08:18.

chanting for freedom. There are Syrian who is are quite religious,

:08:18.:08:25.

but they do not impose religious beliefs on you.

:08:25.:08:30.

So far the biggest demonstrations have taken place outside the

:08:30.:08:34.

capital city. In cities like Homs and ham matter, where thousands

:08:34.:08:41.

have attended rallies, despite the risks. Army brutality has been

:08:41.:08:45.

bravely documented by those wielding the weapon of this

:08:45.:08:49.

revolution, the mobile phone. The beatings and the killings have

:08:49.:08:54.

been indiscriminate. Methed out to adults and children

:08:54.:08:58.

alike. - meted out to adults and churn

:08:58.:09:04.

alike. The most painful image of which is the abduction, torture and

:09:04.:09:09.

murder of a 13-year-old. Occasionally it has become too much

:09:09.:09:13.

for soldiers. This man could no longer take orders from his

:09:13.:09:19.

commanding officer and fled to neighbouring Lebanon. All Syrians

:09:19.:09:22.

taking refuge here asked not to be identified, they hope to return one

:09:22.:09:25.

day. TRANSLATION: They gave us the

:09:25.:09:29.

orders to fire heavily at unwarmed people. We were surprised to be

:09:29.:09:34.

told to shoot randomly, no distinction between women, children,

:09:34.:09:40.

armed and unarmed men. Many, many were killed, all unarmed civilians.

:09:40.:09:43.

Our commanding officers said there is so much ammunition, keep

:09:43.:09:46.

shooting, there is so much no-one will ask where it went. I would

:09:46.:09:50.

fire in the air or at empty buildings, because I knew if they

:09:50.:09:54.

found out I wasn't firing at people, they would detain me in a secret

:09:54.:09:58.

location or kill me. The refugees in eastern Lebanon can see the

:09:58.:10:01.

Syrian troops across the border, it was the threat that these men now

:10:01.:10:09.

pose to the women of Syria, which forced him to leave the country.

:10:09.:10:13.

TRANSLATION: I left my home to protect my honour. The men will

:10:13.:10:20.

defend the land, but I have to defend my honour. When we talk to

:10:20.:10:24.

our relatives in neighbouring town, they tell us horrifying stories,

:10:24.:10:29.

they told us that so many women were raped, those who can't escape

:10:29.:10:33.

are trapped. The soldiers don't fear God.

:10:33.:10:43.
:10:43.:10:44.

In Syria, the violence continues. Latest pictures from the city of

:10:44.:10:48.

Homs, show soldiers in an armoured personnel carrier, firing on

:10:48.:10:55.

apparently unarmed demonstrators. Activists say there were seven

:10:55.:11:01.

deaths in all. Three months on and hundreds dead, who is winning here?

:11:01.:11:05.

TRANSLATION: The people are winning every day. Every day the regime

:11:05.:11:11.

loses another city. TRANSLATION: We're paying a very high pri, but

:11:11.:11:18.

we are winning. - Price, but we are winning. My main wish is seeing

:11:18.:11:22.

Syria free before I die. I was struggling for years for that. I'm

:11:22.:11:28.

sure it will not be so long that I'm very optimistic I will see it.

:11:28.:11:34.

You don't see groups of people in Syria, because if more than ten or

:11:34.:11:38.

twelve gather, they are likely to be arrested.

:11:39.:11:43.

In August it will be Ramadan, when thousands will come together to

:11:44.:11:47.

attend daily prayer. This, people here tell you, is when the real

:11:47.:11:54.

revolution will begin. The Foreign Office minister, John

:11:54.:11:58.

Birt, is in our Westminster - Alistair Burt, is in our

:11:58.:12:02.

Westminster studio. We are already taking military action in Libya to

:12:02.:12:07.

protect civilians, is there any danger of doing something similar

:12:07.:12:10.

in Syria? I don't think so, at the moment it is difficult to get the

:12:10.:12:13.

UN Security Council to issue a resolution on condemnation on what

:12:13.:12:17.

is happening. We are working with France, with Germany, with Portugal,

:12:17.:12:20.

to put forward a resolution to condemn the action. But the truth

:12:20.:12:24.

is, unlike Libya, there is not the same international consensus. The

:12:24.:12:28.

Arab League is more conflicted in its response, the Russians and the

:12:28.:12:32.

Chinese have already said they would veto. Unfortunately we cannot

:12:32.:12:37.

get the sort of condemnation we need for what you have seen. Which

:12:37.:12:39.

gives the lie to what President Assad has said about what he claims

:12:40.:12:45.

is happening in Syria. Effectively our foreign policy is made in

:12:46.:12:50.

Moscow or various capitals signed up to the Arab League? That is a

:12:50.:12:53.

misinterpretation, you know that full well. We are pushing as hard

:12:53.:12:57.

as we can through the EU for the various sanctions. Why are we

:12:57.:13:01.

failing so conspicuously? We are not failing. We haven't done

:13:01.:13:06.

anything yet? We can't on our own get a UN resolution through

:13:06.:13:11.

countries who don't want it. Demonstrablely we can't do it

:13:11.:13:14.

through the French? The French support what we do, a range of

:13:15.:13:17.

countries support a UN resolution, some things are not within our

:13:17.:13:22.

control. We are pressing as hard as we can at the UN. I don't think

:13:22.:13:25.

anyone will watch the report that you have seen and say some how this

:13:25.:13:29.

is all the UK's fault, that is willful misinterpretation of what

:13:29.:13:34.

we have seen. No-one is suggesting that. Let me ask a simple question,

:13:34.:13:38.

should President Assad go? should either reform or get out of

:13:38.:13:45.

the way. Whren you judge that he is genuine - when will you judge he's

:13:45.:13:49.

genuine about reforming, yesterday he said he would reform? The speech

:13:49.:13:52.

yesterday is disappointing. There is no sense at the moment he is

:13:52.:13:56.

about reform. What he needed to do yesterday was release the political

:13:56.:14:00.

prisoners, the access to the country to foreign media, to

:14:00.:14:03.

humanitarian relief. How many chances are you going to give this

:14:03.:14:06.

man before saying you have to go? don't think we're in the position

:14:06.:14:09.

of giving chances. We have already taken action, targeted sanctions

:14:10.:14:13.

against him and other members of the regime. We are press to go get

:14:13.:14:16.

more sanctions at European Council this week, we are working with

:14:16.:14:19.

others to do things at the United Nations. This is not something we

:14:19.:14:24.

have entirely within our own gift. We are doing everything we can.

:14:24.:14:26.

me ask you specifically about something happening on the streets

:14:26.:14:31.

of this capital city right now. We have been approached by various

:14:31.:14:35.

members of Syrian society, who are in London, who have taken part in

:14:35.:14:39.

protests against the Al-Assad regime, who have found that the

:14:39.:14:42.

Syrian embassy have been sending people to take their photographs

:14:42.:14:46.

and those photographs have then been shown to their families in

:14:46.:14:49.

Syria, with a clear intent of intimidating them. Will you call

:14:49.:14:53.

the ambassador in and tell him to stop doing it? This is quite wrong.

:14:53.:14:56.

We have taken action in the past against diplomats who threatened

:14:56.:15:00.

people in this country, and we would do so again. I have heard of

:15:00.:15:03.

these allegations during the course of this evening, we will be

:15:03.:15:06.

investigating, they must be investigated by the police. If we

:15:06.:15:09.

had evidence that people were being intimidated in this country by

:15:09.:15:12.

diplomats working for another country, we have taken action

:15:12.:15:16.

before and we will do so again. Will you call the ambassador in and

:15:16.:15:21.

tell him so? We have regular ambassador to pass various messages

:15:21.:15:24.

about what is happening in Syria. Once we have had an opportunity to

:15:24.:15:27.

investigate these allegations, he might well be coming in again.

:15:27.:15:31.

Thank you. Now the Greek Government is still

:15:31.:15:34.

waiting for the result was a crucial confidence vote in

:15:34.:15:36.

parliament which is taking place about now. Even if the vote pass,

:15:36.:15:42.

that won't mean an end to the crisis. - passes that won't mean an

:15:42.:15:45.

end to the crisis. They have to get through public spending cuts, tax

:15:45.:15:49.

hikes and privatisations, with plenty of Greeks saying they should

:15:49.:15:52.

refuse and refault on their debt. The European Union is desperately

:15:52.:15:55.

trying to find out how much damage that would do to banks in the rest

:15:55.:15:58.

of the continent. With some people saying it could spark another

:15:58.:16:03.

crisis in capitalism. Let's figure out how the dominos could go down

:16:03.:16:08.

with Paul Mason now. The Greeks defaulting on the debt? We are

:16:08.:16:11.

hoping by the time we have finished the programme they will have a

:16:11.:16:14.

Government. Which they didn't have over the weekend, that would put

:16:14.:16:18.

them one step ahead of Belgium. It is not the Government they need. It

:16:18.:16:21.

is an austerity plan that the European Union agrees with enough

:16:21.:16:28.

to give them money. Now they are trying to pass the austerity plan

:16:28.:16:31.

through parliament next Tuesday. Since the parliament will be at

:16:31.:16:35.

that point thronged with tens of thousands of demonstrators, many of

:16:35.:16:39.

them will be intent on violence, it is highly likely that will be a

:16:39.:16:44.

much tighter vote. If they don't pass the austerity plan the

:16:44.:16:47.

European Union demands, and even if they pass it and don't execute it,

:16:47.:16:52.

this is what raises the issue of default.

:16:52.:16:55.

Tonight's vote is not the main event. The main event comes when

:16:56.:17:00.

the Greek parliament has to vote on the austerity package already

:17:00.:17:07.

agreed with the EU. That slashs 278 billion euro office Greece's budget

:17:07.:17:13.

over four years. The public sector will shrink from 53% of GDP to 44%

:17:13.:17:18.

n just six years, it still leaves the country with debts 150% of its

:17:18.:17:23.

national output. Greek ministers are determined to

:17:23.:17:28.

push it through. The unions and protestors determined to oppose it,

:17:28.:17:32.

a centre right opposition determined to change it. And

:17:32.:17:37.

default, quite simply, is what happens if the protestors win.

:17:37.:17:42.

with this second Greek bailout, Greece will run out of money in a

:17:42.:17:47.

few year's time. The economy simply isn't growing, they will not have

:17:47.:17:51.

enough cash to fund themselves post 2014, meaning they will default any

:17:51.:17:55.

way, it is better to do it now in an orderly fashion. In Brussels,

:17:55.:17:58.

the battle is between those who insist that the banks should lose

:17:58.:18:05.

money if Greece defaults and those, like this man, from the ECB who say

:18:05.:18:10.

this is impossible. For now the ECB is winning, but critics believe the

:18:10.:18:14.

authorities have lost the plot. They are very clever people, they

:18:14.:18:17.

are being faced with an almost intractable problem, I don't think

:18:17.:18:21.

there is an easy solution to this. Every possible solution has massive

:18:21.:18:25.

drawbacks and costs. A default, controlled or chaotic, imposes

:18:25.:18:29.

losses on someone, those asking whether we now face a second Lehman

:18:29.:18:34.

Brothers, may be asking the wrong question. I would question the use

:18:34.:18:39.

of the word "second", I would argue it is the same. All we managed to

:18:39.:18:44.

do from Lehman Brothers is move it from one balance sheet, being

:18:44.:18:47.

unrecognised loss, from one balance sheet to other, we have ended up on

:18:47.:18:51.

the largest balance sheet available, the tax-payers' balance sheet,

:18:51.:18:57.

there is nowhere to go. Is the British taxpayer going to get

:18:57.:19:00.

zapped too? Somebody has to pay in a default. George Osborne and David

:19:00.:19:04.

Cameron have said they will not bail out Greece again and not take

:19:04.:19:08.

part in that. Large parts of the macro-economics profession and

:19:08.:19:12.

journalism have spent the last 72 hours pouring over the root maps

:19:12.:19:19.

between a busted bond in the Greek Treasury and a lost job on Tyneside.

:19:19.:19:22.

Or elsewhere in Europe, and these roots exist. It is entirely

:19:22.:19:28.

possible to see now, not just one root from crisis in Greece to

:19:28.:19:33.

megacrisis in Europe, and several, and some of them do involve the

:19:33.:19:37.

European taxpayer as a whole having to put its hand in its pocket.

:19:38.:19:41.

Almost half of all Greek debt is held by Greek banks and pension

:19:41.:19:45.

fund, they would go bust if Greece defaults, why should we care?

:19:45.:19:52.

Because of what would happen next? You get the biggest banks' exposure

:19:52.:19:56.

to Greece are in Germany, France and the UK. We have already seen

:19:56.:20:00.

reports that banks are becoming increasingly wary of lend to go one

:20:00.:20:04.

another, in case the exposure goes wrong, in turn it will hurt

:20:04.:20:08.

business confidence and consumer confidence, it leads to an

:20:08.:20:12.

unpleasant downward spiral and back into recession maybe. The contagion

:20:12.:20:16.

doesn't end there, the European Central Bank, the body that runs

:20:16.:20:20.

the eurozone, has lent Greece so much money, that its solvency too

:20:20.:20:24.

could be in doubt. The real problem comes with the derivatives market,

:20:24.:20:28.

in London and New York, banks have insured themselves against a

:20:28.:20:34.

default, through called CDS, who pays out? A default is inevitable

:20:34.:20:38.

in the sense that Greece cannot pay off its debt. Nor can it achieve

:20:38.:20:41.

the kind of restructuring it has been asked to do in the time frame

:20:41.:20:45.

it is asked to do to pay off the debt. Couldn't sequences of that

:20:45.:20:49.

debt will reverberate far beyond Greece and hit London and New York,

:20:49.:20:53.

not just French and German banks who lent to the Greek, but also the

:20:53.:20:57.

markets in London and New York, which specialise in derivatives and

:20:57.:21:01.

CDS contracts that insured against the default. The nightmare scenario

:21:01.:21:05.

is a second version of Lehman Brothers, Greece draws Portugal and

:21:05.:21:10.

Ireland into the crisis, raising the cost of borrowing for all Euro-

:21:10.:21:14.

countries, then banks refuse to lend to each other, this is a

:21:14.:21:18.

second credit crunch, that stifles the world economy.

:21:18.:21:22.

The real risk for us in Britain is the Greek crisis, in this the end,

:21:22.:21:25.

cause as significant banking and economic crisis across the whole of

:21:25.:21:29.

Europe. And that's going to cause big problems for us, around about

:21:29.:21:33.

50% of our exports go to the eurozone. If the eurozone is in

:21:33.:21:36.

trouble, Britain is in trouble. Just before we explore that

:21:36.:21:40.

question of what happens to the eurozone, they are still voting in

:21:40.:21:45.

the Greek parliament, but the Government has survived. Let's go

:21:45.:21:49.

back to what happened to the euro, the euro is bust by this, or the

:21:49.:21:53.

Greeks can't stay in the euro, what happens then? We have often

:21:53.:21:58.

wondered what it might look like, a terminal crisis of the eurozone. I

:21:58.:22:02.

think for several months, again, on programmes like this, in the

:22:02.:22:05.

broadsheet press, we have been looking at arguments between the

:22:05.:22:11.

European Central Bank and this politician, or that actor in some

:22:11.:22:14.

bureaucratic hole in Brussels. But the really stunning thing that has

:22:14.:22:20.

happened, in the last month, is the entry of the Greek people into the

:22:20.:22:24.

debate. The whole reason we are here now is because Papandreou's

:22:24.:22:32.

Government almost collapsed last Wednesday, when mayhem broke out in

:22:32.:22:36.

central Athens. This wild card of mass action, mass discontent, and a

:22:36.:22:39.

mass switch-off from the European project that we are seeing also in

:22:39.:22:43.

southern Europe, also in parts of northern Europe. This empty that

:22:43.:22:47.

makes the whole outcome, I think, much hard Tory predict than if you

:22:47.:22:51.

were simply trying to - harder to predict than if you were trying to

:22:51.:22:58.

predict it through pure economics. The eurozone is a single interest

:22:58.:23:05.

rate and currency but 16 different tax and spend rules. The aim at

:23:05.:23:12.

harmonising the policies were systematically rejected.

:23:12.:23:17.

YuriGagarino50 Euro-can't sur rife, without - euro can't survive,

:23:17.:23:25.

unless it has measures to make it up to a grown-up kurn circumstance

:23:25.:23:31.

or pushing out countries that cannot meet the criteria. Some see

:23:31.:23:35.

a redrawn map of Europe, with the north separate from the south, as

:23:35.:23:40.

the euro's only chance. I think Germany should leave. Taking with

:23:40.:23:46.

her other like-minded countries, Austria, Luxembourg and Finland,

:23:46.:23:51.

and leaving the euro as the currency of the weaker peripheral

:23:52.:23:56.

countries. But electorates in northern Europe are rejecting this,

:23:56.:23:59.

right-wing parties that oppose the euro on principle are gaining

:23:59.:24:03.

ground. The old centralist politicians are looking to lose the

:24:03.:24:09.

argument. Tax-payers in northern Europe feel they underwrite

:24:09.:24:12.

Governments in foreign countries, and citizens in poorer regions and

:24:12.:24:17.

countries feel they are being pushed into these kind of austerity

:24:17.:24:20.

measures by bureaucrats, officials and politicians they can't vote out

:24:20.:24:24.

of office, something has to give. But the Greek people have now

:24:24.:24:28.

forced their way into the argument. They are rejecting austerity in

:24:28.:24:33.

large numbers. This footage, they height of last week's rioting,

:24:33.:24:37.

shows a major European city, temporarily absent of the rule of

:24:37.:24:42.

law. That is what has focused minds, what the Greek people do remains

:24:42.:24:47.

the wild card that could yet decide the euro's fate. To get an idea of

:24:47.:24:53.

what might happen if Greece does default, I'm joined by a Greek

:24:53.:24:59.

economist, Costas Lapavitsas, and the German chief economist of

:24:59.:25:04.

Berenberg Bank, and the assistant editor of the Financial Times. I

:25:04.:25:07.

better remind anyone that is watching that the Greek Government

:25:07.:25:11.

has survived the confidence vote. What is your bet, will they

:25:11.:25:14.

default? People in America are certainly watching this with great

:25:14.:25:18.

concern. Both in Washington and New York, in the policy-making circles,

:25:18.:25:23.

there is real concern. I think the issue is right now Europe is at a

:25:23.:25:30.

crossroads, French bankers were spoken to in New York, and it was

:25:30.:25:35.

said now is the time Europe needs it look at corporate governance,

:25:35.:25:40.

will it pull together and create quasi-federal structures or fall

:25:40.:25:43.

apart. Right now we don't know. That is why so many people are so

:25:43.:25:49.

nervous. Do you think the Greek also default? As long as the Greeks

:25:49.:25:51.

swallow the bitter medicine of austerity, Europe would see the

:25:51.:25:56.

Greeks paid their bills. There is no sign they have any appetite to

:25:56.:25:59.

swallow the medicine? They may not have the appetite, we have just had

:25:59.:26:02.

the first of the three crucial votes in the Greek parliament,

:26:02.:26:06.

apparently giving a majority for that programme. So far we have to

:26:06.:26:10.

keep our fingers crossed, but we are still on track. What is your

:26:10.:26:15.

feeling, as a patriotic Greek? would not comment as a patriotic

:26:15.:26:19.

Greek, but as an economist I can say that the Greeks have swallowed

:26:20.:26:23.

plenty of medicine since May 2010, and the result has been utter

:26:23.:26:28.

failure. They know that this has been the case. So they are most

:26:28.:26:31.

reluctant to swallow more medicine which they have worked out will

:26:31.:26:35.

lead nowhere. Let as say for the sake of argument, the Greeks do

:26:35.:26:39.

then decide that's it, it is game over, they are not going to play

:26:39.:26:45.

along with this any more, what happens then? I think default will

:26:45.:26:49.

happen then. What are the consequences of default?

:26:49.:26:53.

consequences of default would be serious, serious for Greece and for

:26:53.:26:59.

Europe. But I stress, Greece has no choice, the choice is gone, there

:26:59.:27:03.

is no choice at all. If it goes for default, if through popular unrest

:27:03.:27:09.

and the groundswell of anger it goes for default, it will have to

:27:09.:27:12.

take drastic action to restructure the economy, put different footing

:27:12.:27:16.

and create jobs and growth and prosperity for its people. What do

:27:16.:27:21.

you think would be the consequences of a Greek decision to default?

:27:21.:27:24.

think probably it would cast the eurozone banking system into a lot

:27:24.:27:28.

more uncertainty, because, of course, you do have a chunk of this

:27:28.:27:33.

debt held been the eurozone banking system. It would tip the financial

:27:33.:27:37.

markets into a certain degree of turmoil as well. As you heard from

:27:37.:27:41.

the earlier segment, there are a number of derivative contracts tied

:27:41.:27:46.

to Greek bond, whose value would be uncertain if there is a default.

:27:46.:27:50.

You have a very entwined banking system, it is the unforeseen

:27:51.:27:54.

consequences, as with the Lehman Brothers episode, really worrying

:27:54.:27:59.

policy makers right now. Could it lead to something as serious as the

:27:59.:28:03.

banking crisis which followed the collapse of Lehman Brothers?

:28:03.:28:08.

good news is this time round, unlike in the Lehman Brothers case,

:28:08.:28:12.

policy makers, investors and bankers have had several months to

:28:12.:28:17.

think about the "what if" scenarios. There are plenty of people inside

:28:17.:28:21.

central banks and banks who have gone through the worse case

:28:21.:28:25.

scenario, and they are trying to put measures in place to offset any

:28:25.:28:28.

big risks. However, as we have learned so clearly in the last

:28:28.:28:31.

couple of years, it is the unforeseen consequences that tend

:28:31.:28:40.

to trip people up. Right now there are very high unfor seen

:28:40.:28:45.

consequences. In Greece these big damables are going hand in hand

:28:45.:28:49.

with the future of the US debt situation as well. It is the

:28:49.:28:54.

uncertainties that make it so risky. Will northern European tax-payers

:28:54.:28:58.

bail out southern European economies? Northern European tax-

:28:58.:29:02.

payers are putting significant amounts of money at risk, so far

:29:02.:29:06.

with doing that they have managed to contain the risks. We should not

:29:06.:29:10.

forget that much of continental Europe is having its best economic

:29:10.:29:16.

time in 20 years. So far the European approach, of offering

:29:16.:29:20.

tough love to Greece and other southern European, namely, money,

:29:20.:29:25.

if you change your ways, so far it is working, it is a tough test. If

:29:25.:29:30.

Greece decides it doesn't want the tough love, because it is too tough,

:29:30.:29:35.

Europe would switch tack, it would start to contain the constage I

:29:35.:29:39.

don't know risk, prop up Spain and let Greece do what Greece decides

:29:39.:29:45.

to do. Is he being a get sanguine there? This is a political problem,

:29:45.:29:49.

it is not an economic problem. If the eurozone was a single unit, the

:29:49.:29:53.

eurozone has enough resources to solve it. The question is does the

:29:53.:29:57.

eurozone want to come together more closely as a single political unit?

:29:57.:30:04.

If you like, as someone who trained as an an throp polygamist, it is

:30:04.:30:09.

the revenge of the anthropologists and the sociolologists against the

:30:09.:30:14.

number crunchers, you can't put the numbers in and predict what is

:30:14.:30:17.

coming next, it is uncertain but very worrying.

:30:17.:30:21.

What is your worrying? It is not just the Greeks, it is the Irish

:30:21.:30:25.

and Portuguese who are bankrupt, the big one is Spain, which is not

:30:25.:30:29.

far off. And there are plenty of other northern Europeans pretty fed

:30:29.:30:34.

up with the euro too? The periphery is effectively bankrupt, it is not

:30:34.:30:39.

a problem of feckless Greeks, or Greeks who have mishandled their

:30:39.:30:43.

financial affairs. Although that is also true? Possibly, but it is to

:30:43.:30:48.

do with the eurozone itself and the structures. The fact that the whole

:30:49.:30:53.

of the periphery is basically bankrupt indicates that. Now, if

:30:53.:30:59.

Greece were to default, clearly its banks would have a major problem

:31:00.:31:03.

and would have to be put under public ownership or they would go

:31:03.:31:07.

bankrupt. It would be a major hit for the ECB, exposed to Greek bonds,

:31:07.:31:12.

and also to liquidity given to Greek banks. It will be a major

:31:12.:31:17.

blow for continental banks. It will also be a major blow for the

:31:17.:31:20.

secondary bond market. Obviously the bonds of other peripheral

:31:20.:31:24.

countries would collapse in value, because it would become clear that

:31:24.:31:29.

default is possible. Angela Merkel knows the Germans will not be at

:31:29.:31:31.

all enthusiastic about the sort of action that is required? They are

:31:32.:31:36.

not enthusiastic about it. But if you look at Germany, Germany has so

:31:36.:31:43.

far always risen to the challenge, doesn't forget, as Ian Tett was

:31:43.:31:50.

pointed out, this is politics. The post-war rationality of German is

:31:50.:31:55.

to keep Europe together. Germany will not let the euro break apart,

:31:55.:32:00.

Greece will do what it has to do, but Germany will see it, with

:32:00.:32:03.

taxpayer money if expected, that the major parts of Europe stays

:32:03.:32:06.

together. Germany has the means and will to do it.

:32:06.:32:12.

Thank you both and all very much. We absolutely must not accuse the

:32:12.:32:15.

Government of another collapse in the face of hostile opinion: the

:32:15.:32:20.

fact they have abandoned ideas about halving prison sentences for

:32:20.:32:24.

those pleading guilty, means it reflects the fact they are

:32:24.:32:27.

thoughtful of public opinion. It raises the tricky question where

:32:27.:32:31.

they will find the money they thought they were going to save.

:32:31.:32:35.

We feel constrained to commit to you the maximum term allowed for

:32:35.:32:42.

these offences, you will go to prison for five years. Mind you, it

:32:42.:32:46.

would only be two-and-a-half years if Fletcher had pleaded guilty and

:32:46.:32:50.

Ken Clarke had had his way. Today David Cameron announced new

:32:50.:32:54.

mandatory jail terms for brandishing a knife, and moves to

:32:54.:32:59.

help people defend their homes, and against squatting. But that was

:32:59.:33:03.

overshadowed by the decision to scrap Mr Clarke's controversial

:33:03.:33:08.

plans to give criminals 50% off their jail terms if they plead

:33:08.:33:13.

guilty. Saving the trouble of a long trial,

:33:13.:33:19.

rather than the quurnt third they get in such circumstances. For the

:33:19.:33:23.

most serious crimes we have concluded this certainly would not

:33:23.:33:27.

be right. The sentence served would depart far too much from the

:33:27.:33:31.

sentence handed down by the judge, this is not acceptable. We looked

:33:31.:33:35.

at whether a 50% discount could be applied to less serious crime, we

:33:35.:33:38.

reached the same conclusion. Michael Crick, from Newsnight?

:33:38.:33:42.

Several of the things you have announced tonight, Prime Minister,

:33:42.:33:45.

will add to the Ministry of Justice's cost, isn't this a huge

:33:45.:33:50.

kick in the teeth for a minister, who came along, gave you a very

:33:50.:33:54.

generous settlement, at an early stage in the spending round, now

:33:54.:34:00.

you have made him find more savings? Ken is happy with the

:34:00.:34:04.

proposals we are both publishing this morning, and he will explain

:34:04.:34:10.

to the House this afternoon, as we go forward. It is able to make the

:34:11.:34:14.

savings without cutting the sentences for the most dangerous

:34:14.:34:22.

offenders. The plans for 50% jail terms for serious offence, such as

:34:22.:34:27.

rape and murder, from effectively killed off in Whitehall a couple 6

:34:27.:34:31.

months ago. But they were still being - a couple of months ago, but

:34:31.:34:35.

they were still being considered a fortnight ago for lesser crimes.

:34:35.:34:39.

Ken Clarke had powerful support from the Treasury, who hoped to

:34:39.:34:49.
:34:49.:34:49.

save money from the scheme. Then George Osborne, as much the

:34:49.:34:55.

political strategist as penny penching Chancellor, changed his

:34:55.:34:58.

mind, and Ken Clarke was told to drop the plans all together. The

:34:58.:35:03.

Treasury has given Ken Clarke four years to find other savings to meet

:35:03.:35:07.

the �130 million that the 50% plan was meant to save in last year's

:35:07.:35:13.

Spending Review. Though, justice officials admit that figure was far

:35:13.:35:17.

too ambitious any way. Today's climb-down also means the planned

:35:17.:35:22.

3,000 drop in jail numbers, will be abandoned too. Numbers could rise,

:35:22.:35:26.

instead. There are two big problems for Ken Clarke, one is the cost of

:35:27.:35:31.

running crowded prisons, the other is crowded prisons themselves

:35:32.:35:35.

running out-of-spaces, the specter of prisoners detained in police

:35:35.:35:39.

cells and so on. One wonders whether it maybe the Government has

:35:39.:35:43.

to turn to the back door. In other words, given that the Government

:35:43.:35:46.

has the discretion to allow offenders to go from prison on

:35:46.:35:50.

early rely might be seen in the coming months or years, a lot going

:35:51.:35:55.

out the back door, as a way of compensating for the fact that Ken

:35:55.:35:59.

Clarke has failed to get through his policy to reduce sentences by

:35:59.:36:05.

50%. As for Cameron's eye-catching moves

:36:05.:36:10.

today on knives, Tony Martin-style burglary cases and squatters, one

:36:10.:36:14.

Ministry of Justice source told me they were dreamt up, not by them,

:36:14.:36:21.

but by Downing Street, to keep the Sun and the Daily Mail happy.

:36:21.:36:25.

is a bit of headline-grabbing going on, when those clauses go in front

:36:25.:36:28.

of parliament there will be pretty detailed discussion about them. We

:36:28.:36:32.

have two processes going on here. We have some people in the

:36:32.:36:36.

Government want to go look tough, and occasionally producing sensible

:36:36.:36:39.

measures but often not, we have a whole process of trying to make

:36:39.:36:44.

sure we spend our money in ways that do stop crime rather than

:36:44.:36:47.

grabbing headlines. For Labour another Government reverse should

:36:47.:36:52.

present an open goal. I have got no problem with the Prime Minister, or

:36:52.:36:55.

members of the cabinet seeing good sense, especially after the

:36:55.:36:58.

campaign, not just for politicians but members of the public. What I

:36:58.:37:04.

think is unwise s that the 11th hour, because the media is not

:37:04.:37:07.

backing down, because you have a particular lobby group you are

:37:07.:37:11.

worried about, changing policy on the hoof without thinking through

:37:11.:37:14.

the consequences. Today's sentencing, before that health,

:37:14.:37:19.

David Cameron has endured a June of taunts of U-turn, to stave off too

:37:19.:37:26.

big political problems, long-term. As with health, though, the risk is

:37:26.:37:31.

that criminal justice becomes less coherent and more expensive.

:37:32.:37:36.

The Internet, we're repeatedly told, has democratised knowledge, if we

:37:36.:37:40.

want to we can find out almost anything. Supposing that's not

:37:40.:37:43.

quite true. Supposing we're just been told what someone believes we

:37:43.:37:49.

want to hear, or worse than that, that some vast corporation's

:37:49.:37:54.

algorithm has decided to feed us. What if some commercial Ministry of

:37:54.:37:58.

Truth was ensuring we were only told what we wanted to hear. That

:37:58.:38:03.

is the scare theory put forward by Eli Pariser, believing we all live

:38:03.:38:08.

in filter bubbles. We asked our reporter to test the theory.

:38:08.:38:12.

Looked in the mirror lately, if so you will know what the future of

:38:12.:38:19.

the internet looks like, aparting to Eli Pariser, he says we're

:38:19.:38:23.

entering into the era of personalisation, where web

:38:23.:38:26.

companies know everything about us and serving up a world that looks

:38:26.:38:30.

like home. The idea is increase league we are in our own little

:38:30.:38:34.

bubble, experiencing a personalised and limited internet, which filters

:38:34.:38:39.

out stuff that doesn't match our own likes and prejudices. Let's see

:38:39.:38:43.

what this means in practice, with a look inside my bubble. You have

:38:43.:38:46.

looked for Citroen, it is now pinpointing where you are, because

:38:46.:38:52.

it has picked up where we are searching from. It is finding local

:38:52.:38:58.

Citroen dealerships for you, that is a simple example of

:38:58.:39:01.

personalisation using geographical information.

:39:01.:39:07.

I'm a big user of Gmail, alongside it are adverts for China. My wife

:39:07.:39:13.

has just been in China, and we have been e-mailing each other using G-

:39:13.:39:18.

mail, has it picked up something there? Google can pick up a lot of

:39:18.:39:22.

stuff when you are logged into Google, it can pick up the subject

:39:22.:39:26.

matter you are e-mailing about, all sorts of things like that, then you

:39:26.:39:31.

end up with China being advertised to you. I find it a bit creepy?

:39:31.:39:35.

lot of people do. One example of personalisation,

:39:35.:39:40.

according to Persson, is that the same Google searches could provide

:39:40.:39:46.

very different results for very different people, I'm going on a

:39:46.:39:51.

journey to test the theory. Well, next door at least.

:39:51.:39:54.

OK Jilly, what we will do is get you to type in the same things that

:39:55.:40:00.

I have searched for, so we will start with banana bread.

:40:00.:40:07.

What have you got, you have got as far as I can see, just about

:40:07.:40:13.

identical results to me. You have the BBC One, two BBC recipe, can

:40:13.:40:23.
:40:23.:40:24.

you type into this one, "is wind power economic?". Yet again you

:40:24.:40:32.

have got identical results to me. Not much evidence of

:40:32.:40:38.

personalisation there, let's go further afield to another neighbour.

:40:38.:40:48.
:40:48.:40:53.

"is wind power economic? ". Yes, yes, yes, looks like you have the

:40:53.:40:56.

same results again. That didn't work very well with general

:40:56.:41:00.

searches, did it, you can see personalisation in action when it

:41:00.:41:04.

comes to on-line advertising. Previous searches and general web

:41:04.:41:07.

habits get remembered, and trigger ad that is may or may not be

:41:07.:41:11.

relevant to you on various sites. It is particularly noticable if you

:41:11.:41:15.

have a web-based e-mail account such as G-mail which spots words in

:41:15.:41:19.

your messages and throws up advert it is thinks you might want to look

:41:19.:41:26.

Some people are making serious money from personalisation. I'm

:41:26.:41:31.

here to see one of them. Sam Barnett's young company uses

:41:31.:41:36.

technology to show advertisers how to reach you even when you have

:41:36.:41:40.

left them. A user goes to a retail site and leaves without buying a

:41:40.:41:45.

product and surfs the interin the. We will refined the user and send

:41:45.:41:50.

them banner ad that service products they are interested in,

:41:50.:41:54.

the ad is completely personalised so they are likely to click and buy

:41:54.:41:58.

that item from an advertiser. One of the key things is it makes

:41:58.:42:01.

advertising work, so the web continues to be free, so you and I

:42:01.:42:05.

can continue to use all the things we love about the Internet for free.

:42:05.:42:08.

Maybe we will find ourselves trapped in our own web bubbles,

:42:08.:42:17.

easy meat for advertisers. Here's a thought, maybe we will like that!

:42:17.:42:24.

With us now is Eli Pariser, author of the filter bubble, and Jacob

:42:24.:42:28.

Wiseberg from Slate magazine, and joins us by satellite. Actually,

:42:28.:42:32.

lots of people will be grateful to have the rubbish filtered out?

:42:32.:42:36.

know, the challenge here is this is happening invisibly, we don't see

:42:36.:42:42.

it at work, we don't know who dooing google thinks we are and on

:42:42.:42:46.

what basis - Google thinks we are and on what basis it is editing our

:42:46.:42:51.

results, and why fates book is showing us some stories - Facebook

:42:51.:42:58.

is showing us some stories and not others. As it shifts from human

:42:58.:43:02.

people to algorithms, you are more likely to see more things and you

:43:02.:43:08.

may not know why you are clicking. What do you make of the news?

:43:08.:43:15.

hate to reduce it to an empirical reference, I read the book and was

:43:16.:43:18.

sceptical that this degree of filtering was happening on Google.

:43:18.:43:23.

Like your reporter I tested it out, I found some people I gathered for

:43:23.:43:27.

a test on Twitter, different politicians from different parts of

:43:27.:43:29.

the country were receiving virtually the same results. More to

:43:30.:43:34.

the point, there is really no evidence to say that we are

:43:34.:43:43.

becoming a narrower parochial, more bubbly people, as a result of the

:43:43.:43:47.

the stuff going on at the internet. We are being exposed to a wider

:43:47.:43:52.

range of viewpoints, sources of information. I think that we have

:43:52.:43:56.

enough real things to worry about in terms of the supression of

:43:56.:43:59.

internet freedom, the risks to democracy that come with technology,

:43:59.:44:03.

not to focus too much on something that could happen but isn't

:44:03.:44:07.

happening. Let us continue with this fictional worry for a moment

:44:07.:44:13.

or two? Can we talk about evidence for a second or two. We could trade

:44:13.:44:16.

anecdotes and you could find evidence of searches that are

:44:16.:44:21.

different. There has been some empirical evidence on this with

:44:21.:44:28.

Google personalisation. The journal First Monday published a paper that

:44:28.:44:32.

says 64% of the search results differed between people because of

:44:32.:44:37.

the personalisation at work. are taking people for idiots aren't

:44:37.:44:41.

you? David Cameron had a news conference today. If I want to find

:44:41.:44:45.

out what happened at that news conference, I could go to the Ten

:44:45.:44:49.

Downing Street website and get a transcript of it. I could go to

:44:49.:44:53.

something that consorted with my political prejudices and a

:44:53.:44:57.

newspaper site that was left or right-wing. I know what I'm doing,

:44:57.:45:00.

you are assuming people don't know what they are doing? It is the

:45:01.:45:04.

contrary, Google and Facebook are the ones that are assuming that

:45:04.:45:09.

people only want to hear from people like them. They are feeding

:45:09.:45:16.

them stuff 0 it may produce more page views or ad reviews.

:45:16.:45:21.

sampling we did was there both here and in New York? Google, I have

:45:21.:45:26.

talked to them, they don't prevend there are differences in search

:45:26.:45:29.

results, they are clear that in some cases it could have a

:45:29.:45:33.

political bias to that. I don't think they acknowledge. That

:45:33.:45:36.

Come on Mr Wiseberg? I don't think they do acknowledge that. More

:45:36.:45:41.

ton't point if you take a little bit of historical perspective on

:45:41.:45:44.

this, for nearly all of human history, all people lived in

:45:44.:45:48.

bubbles and had no choice. Either they had no outside information or

:45:48.:45:52.

limited access to a very limited range of sources of information,

:45:52.:45:57.

and now for the first time we all have access to an unlimited range

:45:57.:46:02.

of human information. It is possible, that people won't take

:46:02.:46:07.

advantage of that and they will burrow deeper into their rabbit

:46:07.:46:12.

Warrens, and associate with people who agree, and find out about

:46:12.:46:16.

specific things they are interested in. I don't think it is happening

:46:16.:46:21.

and I think the opposite is happening. I think in social

:46:21.:46:24.

networks like Facebook, where people receive information

:46:24.:46:29.

mediateed through people they have identified as kindred spirits, it

:46:29.:46:34.

is certainly happening there, isn't it? If you don't read a newspaper

:46:34.:46:38.

and watch Newsnight and you didn't get any news, now you are getting

:46:38.:46:43.

news exclusively through Facebook. You have replaced no with limited

:46:43.:46:47.

information. Facebook is not a news organisation. How much of Slate's

:46:47.:46:53.

traffic comes from Google? Not very much. I wish we got more traffic.

:46:53.:46:58.

Most news websites it is 50% or more Google and Facebook combined,

:46:58.:47:02.

that is the New York Times and a bunch of other news websites. The

:47:02.:47:06.

point is, some stories, I have seen it on Slate, will do very well,

:47:07.:47:11.

others won't. In part, based on whether you can click "like" easily

:47:11.:47:15.

on the headline or not. That means the story earlier on the programme

:47:15.:47:20.

about Syria and the prokblems there, doesn't make it as far on Facebook

:47:21.:47:25.

as a more trivial story that is entertaining and makes you like it.

:47:25.:47:28.

It has serious consequences for journalism, and some stories make

:47:28.:47:32.

it to the public and others don't. That is not necessarily true.

:47:32.:47:36.

I'm so sorry, we have run out of time. Thank you very much both of

:47:36.:47:39.

you. That is all from Newsnight tonight, more tomorrow, until then

:47:39.:47:49.
:47:49.:47:53.

Warming up through the weekend, that is a long way off. For the

:47:53.:47:57.

time being it remains cool and showery across the UK. A wide

:47:57.:48:02.

distribution of showers, as you can see, with very few places staying

:48:02.:48:07.

dry during the course of Wednesday. Some hours heavy and thundery. A

:48:07.:48:13.

cool one, temperatures mid-to high teens. Wimbledon could be affected

:48:13.:48:20.

by lively downpour, I'm expecting some disruptions. A broz that will

:48:20.:48:24.

move the showers through. Dryer and bright spells mixed in. That is the

:48:24.:48:27.

story across Wales. Temperatures not as high as they should be at

:48:27.:48:32.

this time of year. Mid-teens will be typical. Further north the winds

:48:32.:48:38.

will be lighter, which means the showers could last longer. A

:48:38.:48:42.

showery scene across Northern Ireland. Not the persistent heavy

:48:42.:48:46.

rain which some parts of eastern Scotland had on Tuesday. More

:48:47.:48:50.

showers to come across northern areas on Thursday, they could be

:48:50.:48:54.

heavy, and temperatures disappointingly low. A similar

:48:54.:48:57.

story further south. Dryer and brighter spells, but showers never

:48:57.:49:02.

too far away. The main emphasis on showers on Thursday will be across

:49:02.:49:04.

the more central and eastern parts of the UK. Gradually drying out

:49:05.:49:09.

Download Subtitles

SRT

ASS