Browse content similar to 03/08/2011. Check below for episodes and series from the same categories and more!
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Tonight, so was it just News International that was at it? A | :00:10. | :00:14. | |
Newsnight investigation uncovers new allegations of phone hacking at | :00:14. | :00:21. | |
the Mirror Group. Mills, the former wife of Sir Paul McCarthy tells us | :00:21. | :00:25. | |
a senior Mirror Group journalist admitted a phone hacking from a | :00:25. | :00:35. | |
A former Mirror journalist, and an MP on the Culture Committee tell us | :00:35. | :00:39. | |
how much further this could spread. Deposed President Mubarak on trial | :00:39. | :00:43. | |
and on a stretcher, and as we find out, punishing their ailing | :00:43. | :00:47. | |
President is about the only thing Egypt's aspiring politicians can | :00:47. | :00:51. | |
agree on. The political forces that combined | :00:51. | :00:55. | |
to oust President Mubarak are now turning against each other. | :00:55. | :00:59. | |
I will be examining whether Egypt's revolution has derailed. | :00:59. | :01:03. | |
Mouch money have you lost in the recession, exclusive Newsnight | :01:03. | :01:10. | |
research puts a figure on how hard your pay packet has been hit. | :01:10. | :01:17. | |
Coming up later on tonight's show, a special report on...a special | :01:17. | :01:23. | |
report on... I had it a minute ago. And as the world's experts on | :01:23. | :01:27. | |
memory gather in Britain what do we really know about it. And unlike | :01:27. | :01:37. | |
:01:37. | :01:38. | ||
Steve, one man who never forgets it here to be tested. | :01:38. | :01:42. | |
From the very start it has been likely that a phone hacking scandal | :01:42. | :01:46. | |
involved not just one reporter or one newspaper, or even one | :01:46. | :01:51. | |
newspaper group, tonight Newsnight has new allegations involving | :01:51. | :01:56. | |
Mirror Group newspapers, and the former wife of Beatle, Sir Paul | :01:56. | :01:59. | |
McCarthy. Heather Mills claims a senior journalist there admitted to | :01:59. | :02:04. | |
her in 2001 her phone had been hacked. She told us the name of the | :02:04. | :02:14. | |
:02:14. | :02:15. | ||
journalist, but for legal reasons You have no new message and no | :02:15. | :02:19. | |
saved messages. After permeating News International, | :02:19. | :02:23. | |
the phone hacking scandal seeps into the heart of the Mirror Group. | :02:23. | :02:27. | |
Evidence provided to us by Heather Mills suggests at least one senior | :02:27. | :02:31. | |
journalist was harvesting personal messages with a view to making the | :02:31. | :02:34. | |
front page. Their turbulent love affair made for highly prized copy | :02:34. | :02:38. | |
for the tabloids. But Heather Mills says after a row in early 2001, she | :02:38. | :02:43. | |
left the UK on a trip to India. She says that Paul McCarthy left a | :02:43. | :02:48. | |
series of highly sensitive messages on her voicemail to would her back. | :02:48. | :02:54. | |
Shortly afterwards she received a phone call from a senior Mirror | :02:54. | :03:04. | |
:03:04. | :03:42. | ||
There has been much speculation about what Piers Morgan knew or | :03:42. | :03:45. | |
didn't know at the time about hacking. He was a senior Mirror | :03:45. | :03:49. | |
Group editor. But he was not the person who rang Mills. But his own | :03:49. | :03:53. | |
omission n a newspaper article, he had listened to one of Heather's | :03:53. | :04:03. | |
:04:03. | :04:19. | ||
He wrote in a 2006 article in the Piers Morgan was editor in chief at | :04:19. | :04:21. | |
the Mirror at the time when Heather Mills says her phone was hacked. | :04:21. | :04:26. | |
Yet on the face of it in that 2006 Mail article, he appears to have | :04:26. | :04:30. | |
admitted to listening to one of her private messages. He has always | :04:30. | :04:33. | |
denied knowledge of phone hacking. Tonight he has raised questions | :04:33. | :04:36. | |
about the credibility of Heather Mills, and once again, denied | :04:36. | :04:41. | |
knowledge of hacking. In statement he said Heather | :04:41. | :04:44. | |
Mills's claims are unsubstantiated, and that a High Court judge had | :04:45. | :04:49. | |
described her as a less than candid witness. Some of his former | :04:49. | :04:52. | |
colleagues believe hacking was widespread. He said I have never | :04:52. | :04:57. | |
hacked a phone. I believe that. That's perfectly plausible. He said | :04:57. | :05:03. | |
he had never asked anyone to hack a phone, that is possible as well. | :05:03. | :05:09. | |
But what wasn't possible is the third thing, that he never | :05:09. | :05:14. | |
published a story on a phone hack, on any of the papers he has edited. | :05:14. | :05:24. | |
:05:24. | :05:35. | ||
Newsnight has been told that seven individuals are consulting lawyers | :05:35. | :05:40. | |
about taking legal action against the Mirror Group about hacking. | :05:40. | :05:45. | |
Former England manager, Sven-Goran Eriksson, is one, today we spoke to | :05:45. | :05:55. | |
:05:55. | :06:11. | ||
his-partner, who believes their So how much hacking did go on at | :06:11. | :06:16. | |
heightles owned by Trinity mirror. One of Piers Morgan aers fiercest | :06:16. | :06:20. | |
critic, jailed for share ramping, said he would have plenty to say | :06:20. | :06:25. | |
about it. We would have a lively debate about some of the stories he | :06:25. | :06:29. | |
had published whilst he was there. That we would talk about some phone | :06:29. | :06:34. | |
hacking, and I might be able to point to a few stories that he | :06:34. | :06:37. | |
published whilst he was the editor of the paper that came from phone | :06:37. | :06:40. | |
hacks. Arriving for his show tonight in | :06:40. | :06:44. | |
Los Angeles, Piers Morgan had little to say. I have actually made | :06:44. | :06:47. | |
a statement, I'm not going to add anything further to that. Thank you | :06:47. | :06:57. | |
:06:57. | :07:01. | ||
very much. Pressure on him and Trinity mirror is growing tonight. | :07:01. | :07:05. | |
We have more extraordinary detail from Piers Morgan. He has been in a | :07:05. | :07:09. | |
position where he has to give more detail. He says he has no knowledge | :07:09. | :07:13. | |
of any executive from any other newspapers that Trinity newspapers | :07:13. | :07:20. | |
may or may not have with Mills. Goes on to attack Heather Mills's | :07:20. | :07:26. | |
credibility. He says he has knowledge of that Sir Paul McCarthy | :07:26. | :07:31. | |
says that Heather Mills illegally accessed his phone messages and | :07:31. | :07:35. | |
released those details. He then goes on to quote the judge in the | :07:35. | :07:37. | |
divorce case, saying that Heather Mills was inconsistent and | :07:37. | :07:42. | |
inaccurate in some of her evidence, and a less than impressive witness. | :07:42. | :07:46. | |
But despite all of this, the question that remains tonight, | :07:46. | :07:50. | |
which he hasn't addressed yet, is why did he write in 2006, this line | :07:50. | :07:55. | |
about at one stage he was played a tape of a message that Paul had | :07:55. | :08:00. | |
left for Heather on a phone. He hasn't addressed that specifically | :08:00. | :08:03. | |
at all. He reiterates he has never hacked a phone, told anyone to hack | :08:03. | :08:09. | |
a phone, nor, to his knowledge, published any story obtained from a | :08:09. | :08:14. | |
phone haging. Another thing, Trinity Mirror Group said that all | :08:14. | :08:17. | |
the journalists work within the law and the Code of Conduct. I'm joined | :08:17. | :08:21. | |
by the Conservative MP, Therese Coffey, from the Culture Committee, | :08:21. | :08:24. | |
investigating phone hacking, and Wensley Clarkson, a journalist | :08:24. | :08:28. | |
formally at the Mirror and other papers, not at the time we were | :08:28. | :08:30. | |
talking about. What do you make of the | :08:30. | :08:34. | |
allegations? I find them very have strong in terms of Heather Mills | :08:34. | :08:37. | |
has made these, although her credibility is attacked and has | :08:38. | :08:42. | |
been in the past, there is no doubt she feels very much her privacy has | :08:42. | :08:45. | |
been infringed. I'm sure everybody wishes she would have gone to the | :08:45. | :08:48. | |
police earlier with this matter, rather than just left it at the | :08:48. | :08:52. | |
time. The significance of this is that you and other members of the | :08:52. | :08:57. | |
committee have always thought it wasn't one journalist or one paper, | :08:57. | :09:01. | |
it wasn't one newspaper group this appears to back up those suspicions, | :09:01. | :09:04. | |
at least? I'm not the only member of the committee who has made those | :09:04. | :09:08. | |
suggestions in the past. The information commission's report | :09:08. | :09:11. | |
from 2006 gave credibility to that. I just hope the police take the | :09:11. | :09:17. | |
evidence and go with it, and if Mr Morgan wapbs to come back to the UK | :09:17. | :09:21. | |
and help them with their inquiry, I don't mean being arrested or | :09:21. | :09:26. | |
anything, I'm sure he can add light to the article he wrote in 2006. | :09:26. | :09:29. | |
would be a good idea for him to come back and help the police? | :09:29. | :09:33. | |
think it is, there is no point in him necessarily saying in the UK | :09:33. | :09:36. | |
and issuing statement. It would help him, including himself and | :09:36. | :09:40. | |
this investigation, if he was able to say more about why he wrote what | :09:40. | :09:45. | |
he did in 2006. Does this strike you as credible? It probably is | :09:45. | :09:49. | |
credible. There is a huge issue here, where do you draw the line. | :09:49. | :09:53. | |
We're now on Heather Mills tonight, saying this, no doubt there will be | :09:53. | :09:56. | |
somebody else next week. It is a shame that Heather Mills herself is | :09:56. | :10:02. | |
not perhaps the most credible person in the world. No doubt Piers | :10:02. | :10:05. | |
Morgan will feel that as well. He has already said that. I would | :10:05. | :10:11. | |
point out she has had battles with the Mirror and Piers Morgan. It is | :10:11. | :10:16. | |
a bit he said she said in that situation? The bigger issue is more | :10:16. | :10:20. | |
important, that is where do you draw the line. For example, hacking | :10:20. | :10:25. | |
is something that newspapers learned from Private Eyes, Private | :10:25. | :10:31. | |
Eyes are hired and - private ayes have been hired in the past by | :10:31. | :10:35. | |
television stations, newspapers, magazines, and were until recently | :10:35. | :10:38. | |
used for documentaries. I recognised the voice of a private | :10:38. | :10:42. | |
eye in the background on a documentary I watched own the BBC | :10:42. | :10:47. | |
the other day. I have to open this, if we go after other newspapers we | :10:47. | :10:51. | |
will have to go after them. We will have to go after David Cameron | :10:51. | :10:57. | |
himself, who got Andy Coulson wo vet bid the Security Services, who | :10:57. | :11:01. | |
used a freelanceer to do the vetting, he was a private | :11:02. | :11:05. | |
investigator who would have used hacking in the past. Where do you | :11:05. | :11:14. | |
draw the line. You draw it at legality. Then we have to go after | :11:14. | :11:17. | |
everybody. What do you make of the point that Piers Morgan is very | :11:17. | :11:21. | |
detailed, legalistic, it talk about the various things with the court | :11:21. | :11:25. | |
cases. It does not redress the fact that he was writinging about this | :11:25. | :11:30. | |
heart-breaking phone call that he apparently heard - writing about | :11:30. | :11:33. | |
this heart-breaking phone call that he apparently heard and didn't | :11:33. | :11:38. | |
report it at all. I guess Piers Morgan is there to be shot down, | :11:38. | :11:42. | |
because he's a world famous personality which he hasn't back | :11:42. | :11:45. | |
then. I would imagine every editor, I didn't work at the Mirror at that | :11:45. | :11:49. | |
time, I must make that point, would be worried what was done in their | :11:49. | :11:52. | |
name, whether they were aware or not is almost irrelevant, as we | :11:52. | :11:56. | |
discovered from the fate of Rebekah Brooks. That is a fact. I will also | :11:56. | :12:01. | |
say here and now, I'm absolutely certain not one newspaper in Fleet | :12:01. | :12:04. | |
Street has employed these tactics for quite a number of years now, | :12:04. | :12:08. | |
this isn't something that has suddenly happened overnight. Where | :12:08. | :12:13. | |
do you draw the line? The grounds of illegality. Of course | :12:13. | :12:16. | |
journalists have often used sources to break stories in the public | :12:16. | :12:20. | |
interest. The Telegraph paid money for a disc about the expenses | :12:20. | :12:23. | |
information, actually that was in the public interest, even though it | :12:23. | :12:28. | |
was embarrassing for MPs, what was the right thing to do. I'm not sure | :12:28. | :12:31. | |
going into the love life between Heather Mills and Paul McCarthy is | :12:31. | :12:34. | |
necessarily in the public interest, it may sell papers. This is about | :12:35. | :12:40. | |
the dark arts, this is the phrase we keep hearing, "the dark arts", | :12:40. | :12:43. | |
that involves private investigators, journalist, and a lot of those | :12:43. | :12:46. | |
security companies that are hired by banks, they are hired by the | :12:46. | :12:52. | |
City, they are hired by the BBC, to investigate people. At the moment, | :12:52. | :12:55. | |
I'm sure, security companies are being used by the BBC and all sorts | :12:55. | :13:00. | |
of major institutions to look into people, using the very dark arts we | :13:00. | :13:02. | |
are talking about. We will leave it there. Thank you | :13:02. | :13:06. | |
very much. Now, for decades Hosni Mubarak was | :13:06. | :13:12. | |
Egypt's king of kings. But today the humiliated and apparently one | :13:12. | :13:21. | |
well former President appeared in court on a stretcher. Agreeing to | :13:21. | :13:23. | |
get Mubarak and punish him has brought the country together. But | :13:23. | :13:28. | |
how does the leading nation in the Arab world cope with the ambitions | :13:28. | :13:32. | |
of nationalists, socialists, Islamists and others, all under the | :13:32. | :13:37. | |
eyes of a powerful military. Mark Urban has returned now from Egypt. | :13:37. | :13:41. | |
What happened today? That image of President Mubarak in the cage, is | :13:41. | :13:46. | |
essentially what happened, along with his two sons and a former | :13:46. | :13:50. | |
Interior Minister. The trial opened. You ask questions about whether | :13:50. | :13:54. | |
there really is a serious dossier of evidence, connecting him and his | :13:54. | :13:57. | |
sons and the minister to the crimes they are accused of. Because we | :13:57. | :14:01. | |
have seen in the Hague, when leadership figures have gone on | :14:01. | :14:05. | |
trial, these things have sometimes taken years to assemble to try to | :14:05. | :14:07. | |
prove the responsibility of individuals for decisions to shoot | :14:07. | :14:11. | |
demonstrator, this kind of thing. Any way, it opened, they were in | :14:11. | :14:16. | |
the cage. The charges were read, of corruption, and of course, of | :14:16. | :14:25. | |
complicity in the killing of demonstrators during the revolution. | :14:25. | :14:30. | |
The TRANSLATION: The intention was to kill the biggest number of | :14:30. | :14:33. | |
protestors possible. TRANSLATION: All the accusations I deny them all. | :14:33. | :14:38. | |
It is a trial, but it is also, quite clearly, a show, isn't it? | :14:38. | :14:42. | |
Absolutely. If one looks at the wider impact, I think it could be | :14:42. | :14:47. | |
enormous, the little guy in the Middle East, seeing one of the | :14:47. | :14:51. | |
region's strongmen brought low, kainled on his bed, sick - caged on | :14:51. | :14:55. | |
his bed, sick. Justice, in that sense, was being done, awakens | :14:55. | :14:59. | |
posbltsd that it might be done in their countries - possiblities that | :14:59. | :15:03. | |
it might be done in their countries. The leaders there, we know there | :15:03. | :15:06. | |
was pressure on the Egyptian council that runs the country from | :15:06. | :15:11. | |
the Arab Emirates not to do this. A lot of them felt President Mubarak | :15:11. | :15:14. | |
gave in too easily any way. It was a very tough decision. Of course, | :15:14. | :15:20. | |
the decision to put him on trial was, in a sense, forced by the | :15:20. | :15:24. | |
violence going Onyango the streets. The military council knew if they | :15:24. | :15:27. | |
didn't there would be more and more trouble. Today outside the | :15:27. | :15:30. | |
courtroom, clashes broke out between supporters of the former | :15:30. | :15:35. | |
President, and pro-democracy activists who supported the trial. | :15:35. | :15:38. | |
There have been running battles of this kind for weeks, with the | :15:38. | :15:42. | |
military edging towards today, as a means of trying to buy people off. | :15:42. | :15:45. | |
The implications of everything you have been saying is that Mubarak is | :15:45. | :15:48. | |
the past, and this is putting a seal on that, but the future and | :15:48. | :15:52. | |
the question of election, that is all very uncertain? That is | :15:52. | :15:56. | |
absolutely right. The point is, in essence, this trial may well now be | :15:56. | :16:00. | |
adjourned, or it could go in fits and starts, it could last a hell of | :16:00. | :16:06. | |
a long time, they have played the military - the card, the military | :16:06. | :16:09. | |
council, in terms of moving the nation forward and bringing it | :16:09. | :16:12. | |
together. We know from all the other street battles, and | :16:12. | :16:15. | |
demonstrations and shows of force I have been witnessing in recent days | :16:16. | :16:18. | |
in Cairo, that the battle for political control of the country, | :16:18. | :16:28. | |
:16:28. | :16:54. | ||
once elections are held, has begun Egypt's transformation races on. | :16:54. | :17:04. | |
:17:04. | :17:05. | ||
Everyone is jockeying for advantage, and Cairo's streets are the arena. | :17:05. | :17:09. | |
Fridays offer the country's different political forces the | :17:09. | :17:12. | |
chance to mobilise and show how many people they can bring to | :17:12. | :17:16. | |
Tahrir Square. But new tensions have emerged over the institution, | :17:16. | :17:23. | |
timing of elections and the place of Islam in society. Several months | :17:23. | :17:27. | |
after the revolution, some are talking about the need for a second | :17:27. | :17:32. | |
revolution, one thing is clear, that the forces that combine | :17:32. | :17:35. | |
together to topple the former President, Hosni Mubarak, are now | :17:35. | :17:45. | |
:17:45. | :17:51. | ||
engaged in an active competition Early morning on the Nile, and the | :17:51. | :18:01. | |
:18:01. | :18:03. | ||
city's troubles are a world away. These rowers belong to the Arab | :18:03. | :18:06. | |
constructors club. It is a big building firm that is putting | :18:06. | :18:16. | |
:18:16. | :18:18. | ||
something back into the community. Among their first eight are an | :18:18. | :18:22. | |
interior design he, an office manager, and the Cox is a teacher. | :18:22. | :18:28. | |
They think Egypt is on the right course, they are in work, and as | :18:28. | :18:33. | |
their hour's training row end, seem to trust the country's temporary | :18:33. | :18:40. | |
military helmsmen. Is their job a bit like your job in | :18:40. | :18:47. | |
the boat, the cox, to steer Egypt in the right direction. It will be | :18:47. | :18:51. | |
good, we will be stable, after this situation any revolution in the | :18:51. | :19:01. | |
:19:01. | :19:05. | ||
world takes more time to be stable. Not everyone shares that confidence. | :19:05. | :19:12. | |
Here a TV show was going out. Among the guests an editor from one of | :19:12. | :19:16. | |
the top pro-democracy parties. They have been casting doubt whether the | :19:16. | :19:21. | |
military council ruling Egypt to election also really hand over | :19:21. | :19:24. | |
power. TRANSLATION: The election process | :19:24. | :19:28. | |
is in danger. Civil society in Egypt is weak. The real threat is | :19:29. | :19:32. | |
not that the military don't want to give up power, but that political | :19:32. | :19:35. | |
parties are so disorganised that the military says it must stay in | :19:35. | :19:41. | |
power. Downing Street about the way ahead | :19:42. | :19:47. | |
lay behind a protestor's decision early in July to reoccupy Tahrir | :19:47. | :19:50. | |
Square. A rainbow coalition of groups came to demand justice for | :19:50. | :19:54. | |
the country's martyrs, and criticise the generals running the | :19:54. | :19:58. | |
country. Some here bother the scars of a | :19:58. | :20:03. | |
March on military headquarters that ended in violence. Among them this | :20:03. | :20:08. | |
man. An unemployed graduate, who believes the military will not | :20:08. | :20:15. | |
allow free elections. TRANSLATION: We don't want elections, because we | :20:15. | :20:18. | |
don't trust the military to run them fairly. None of the demands of | :20:18. | :20:22. | |
the original revolution have been met yet. And the military have no | :20:22. | :20:26. | |
authority. There should be a second revolution, with a broader case | :20:26. | :20:35. | |
base. In this city the Muslim Brotherhood has become adept at | :20:35. | :20:41. | |
judging the mood. Founded 60 years ago, and underground for decade, it | :20:41. | :20:45. | |
decided to get out of the protest camp and condemn those who stayed. | :20:46. | :20:52. | |
To stay in Tahrir Square will create chaos, stopping people going | :20:52. | :20:59. | |
to the famous buildings, marching to the army it causes criticism for | :20:59. | :21:07. | |
it creating chaos in the street, this is dangerous. The Muslim | :21:07. | :21:10. | |
Brotherhood and others left the democracy groups behind in the | :21:10. | :21:14. | |
square. They are now speeding into the future, accepting that the army | :21:14. | :21:19. | |
will bow out, and preparing to win November's elections. | :21:19. | :21:23. | |
Those most friendly to western values meanwhile, are still trying | :21:23. | :21:33. | |
:21:33. | :21:35. | ||
to find traction. This event brought the social media | :21:35. | :21:41. | |
glit rattity to a Cairo hotel, TV presenters, corporate sponsors and | :21:41. | :21:44. | |
humam rights activists joined the blogger who calls himself | :21:44. | :21:54. | |
:21:54. | :21:57. | ||
Sendmonkey. They wanted to raise money via Twitter for one of | :21:57. | :22:00. | |
Cairo's slums. Like others on this progressive wing of politics, he's | :22:00. | :22:03. | |
already crying foul about the election. In the new election they | :22:03. | :22:08. | |
have stated that there will be no international observers. I'm not | :22:08. | :22:16. | |
saying that they intend to do fraud in the elections, I'm just saying | :22:16. | :22:18. | |
that usually Governments that don't want the election monitored have | :22:18. | :22:27. | |
something to hide. While the Twitterratie debate the | :22:27. | :22:30. | |
timing of elections or rivalries, their relationship with the | :22:30. | :22:39. | |
community they were helping seems to be arm's length. | :22:39. | :22:44. | |
When we went to here, the fundraisers' organisers couldn't | :22:44. | :22:51. | |
come with us or put us in touch with any community workers. More | :22:51. | :22:59. | |
than 600,000 people live here, with few services. Many rely on state- | :22:59. | :23:03. | |
subsidised bread, and times are tough because the economy has | :23:03. | :23:06. | |
stalled since the revolution. But the issue that most concerned the | :23:06. | :23:11. | |
people we spoke to, was the desappearance of the police. | :23:11. | :23:16. | |
- disappearance of the police. They told me the most noticable change | :23:16. | :23:26. | |
:23:26. | :23:28. | ||
since the revolution was the slow response time of the police. The | :23:28. | :23:34. | |
Muslim Brotherhood has seen the law and order vacuum as an opportunity | :23:34. | :23:43. | |
to extend its own services. When we see the police going, our system | :23:43. | :23:48. | |
helps people to keep their security in all towns and villages, and even | :23:48. | :23:54. | |
the rate of crimes declined, not rose. | :23:54. | :23:59. | |
The faltering police and faltering economy combined to produce scenes | :23:59. | :24:03. | |
like this, most days in Cairo. Rising prices and unploil | :24:03. | :24:07. | |
employment, key factors in triggering the revolution continue | :24:07. | :24:13. | |
to eat away at social stability. These people are very angry because | :24:13. | :24:21. | |
the boss of their company has sacked 1200 workers and her | :24:21. | :24:24. | |
demonstrating at the gateway to the headquarters of the company. On | :24:24. | :24:28. | |
this same street, if you look down here, there are dozens of | :24:28. | :24:33. | |
ambulances, because the ambulance men are also in dispute with their | :24:33. | :24:36. | |
employers. And at the same time people are coming through the | :24:36. | :24:42. | |
street getting more and more angry, and this is Cairo today. | :24:42. | :24:46. | |
The army looked on, it tries to avoid stepping in to street | :24:46. | :24:56. | |
:24:56. | :25:06. | ||
violence. And the generals have Insiders, meanwhile, scorned the | :25:06. | :25:11. | |
idea that the army wants to do anything other than get back to | :25:11. | :25:17. | |
barracks as soon as it can. TRANSLATION: I don't think the | :25:17. | :25:20. | |
transition period will go on for much longer. It is wrong to think | :25:20. | :25:25. | |
the military want to takeover. No- one would want that. Including the | :25:25. | :25:29. | |
international community. The military want to hold elections as | :25:29. | :25:35. | |
soon as possible. So if order is shaky and the army can't police, | :25:35. | :25:44. | |
what will happen here? Down in the Al-Hussein district, the tourist | :25:44. | :25:49. | |
market is on its knees, disorder has hit tourism hard. Some of the | :25:49. | :25:54. | |
stall holders used to make 300 Egyptian pounds on a good day, now | :25:54. | :26:01. | |
it is one tenth of that. business is going down, it is not | :26:01. | :26:05. | |
going up. Some here want a military crackdown, | :26:05. | :26:09. | |
but they know it won't happen. Instead, they pray the elections | :26:09. | :26:17. | |
will end the country's disorder. It started so good and now it has | :26:17. | :26:21. | |
become ridiculous. And the army is not so bad what they think, it is | :26:21. | :26:29. | |
not so bad. So, if the stage is set for | :26:29. | :26:35. | |
political showdown, with November's planned elections, last Friday's | :26:35. | :26:45. | |
:26:45. | :26:45. | ||
prayers in Tahrir Square showed one party's ability to organise. This | :26:45. | :26:51. | |
event was dominated by Salafist, religious Muslim, must stricter | :26:51. | :26:56. | |
than the Brotherhood in the observance they urge. | :26:56. | :27:01. | |
There was a Wahhabi preacher holding forth in Saudi dialect, and | :27:01. | :27:06. | |
hundreds of thousands of people had turned up. Among them the cox from | :27:06. | :27:12. | |
the rowing club and his friends. The Islamic parties will win in the | :27:13. | :27:16. | |
election? We hope, we aim to win. Because there are more and more | :27:16. | :27:22. | |
people, you see, most people here, Islam is the most people in Egypt. | :27:22. | :27:32. | |
About 77% in the last vote. We will win, I think. Egypt is an Islamic | :27:32. | :27:38. | |
area, we are not Muslim, they want to make us liberal, we respect | :27:38. | :27:43. | |
those people, but keep those things for you, and leave the people say | :27:44. | :27:49. | |
what they want. If the people want to live liberally we will live with | :27:49. | :27:55. | |
them, if people say they want Islam, we go with Islam, that is democracy. | :27:55. | :28:01. | |
The Brotherhood does not share the Sulafist desire for a swift move to | :28:01. | :28:05. | |
an Islamic state. What is clear is that the two Islamic parties | :28:05. | :28:10. | |
between them may well deliver a majority of the electorate. | :28:10. | :28:15. | |
None of the liberal-minded parties favoured by the west has brought | :28:15. | :28:25. | |
:28:25. | :28:25. | ||
these numbers to the square. The Sulafist produced a disciplined, | :28:25. | :28:29. | |
impressive show of strength. It really shows the relative | :28:29. | :28:36. | |
balance of political forces here. And the ability of the Islamists to | :28:37. | :28:40. | |
answer people's concerns from security to economic and to | :28:40. | :28:44. | |
mobilise their people and get their vote out. | :28:44. | :28:50. | |
Whether or not the US or UK like what they see as Egypt careers | :28:50. | :28:54. | |
towards the polls, there is little they can now do to influence this | :28:54. | :29:00. | |
revolution. Elections happen as planned, then | :29:00. | :29:04. | |
the superior organisation and ideolgical strength of the Islamist | :29:04. | :29:10. | |
movements could easily bring them victory. | :29:10. | :29:14. | |
We have got our memory man coming up in just a few moments. First t | :29:14. | :29:17. | |
has been a bad Newsweek for economies, from the United States | :29:17. | :29:21. | |
to Spain and itly the, but while the politicians talk of billions - | :29:21. | :29:24. | |
and Italy, but while the politicians talk of billions and | :29:24. | :29:30. | |
trillions, we wondered how the rest of us are being squeezed in pounds | :29:30. | :29:33. | |
and pence. We have exclusive research that shows what has | :29:33. | :29:38. | |
happened to our take-home pay since the recession hit. It is sobering | :29:38. | :29:42. | |
stuff. Generally speaking it is on a | :29:42. | :29:45. | |
downward spiral, small businesses have been hit as well. | :29:45. | :29:51. | |
We are teachers, we are both on a pay freeze this year. But certainly | :29:51. | :29:57. | |
petrol and food definitely. Eats a little more at your monthly income. | :29:57. | :30:02. | |
Have you had pay rise lately? lately, but I'm looking for one, | :30:02. | :30:07. | |
man. How are you finding prices and paying the bills? Getting harder | :30:07. | :30:11. | |
right now. This is Slough, one of several | :30:11. | :30:15. | |
candidates, along with the likes of Banbury and Northampton, for the | :30:15. | :30:25. | |
:30:25. | :30:30. | ||
title of "Average Town UK". The amount consumers are likely to fork | :30:30. | :30:34. | |
out is changing. We have been hearing a lot in | :30:34. | :30:39. | |
recent months about the squeeze on living standards, but we haven't | :30:39. | :30:42. | |
heard much about it means in pounds and pence. We commissioned special | :30:42. | :30:46. | |
research to find out what the effect had been on people's take | :30:46. | :30:51. | |
home pay, we found out in the last two-and-a-half years, real take | :30:51. | :31:01. | |
home pay has fallen for the average person by more than 12 - �1200 a | :31:01. | :31:05. | |
year. In real terms the average construction worker is taking �86 | :31:05. | :31:09. | |
less than last year. The average retail worker, already | :31:09. | :31:16. | |
on low pay was �25 a month worse off. And the average public sector | :31:16. | :31:22. | |
workers' take home pay is boun by �50. This affects families like | :31:22. | :31:28. | |
this, Guy used to run a business, but changed career to be a teacher, | :31:28. | :31:31. | |
a move made possible by the recession. Because interest rates | :31:31. | :31:35. | |
came down so far, our mortgage had become very, very affordable, and | :31:35. | :31:40. | |
that meant I had little and little bit extra which allowed me to take | :31:40. | :31:44. | |
the plunge and do my training. During the worst of the recession | :31:44. | :31:48. | |
we were better off, as we are climbing out, so we have got more | :31:48. | :31:52. | |
expenses, and bills are going up, inflation is going up, and we're, | :31:52. | :31:55. | |
although I'm going to get a little bit more money, obviously it is | :31:55. | :32:00. | |
going to get a little bit tighter in many respects. Sarah is trying | :32:00. | :32:04. | |
to ease the squeeze on the family budget by taking on more work as a | :32:04. | :32:08. | |
private swimming teacher. Yes we are bring anything more income now, | :32:08. | :32:12. | |
which is fantastic, it is the expense of the family time we | :32:12. | :32:15. | |
spending to. What happened to this family also happened to most of us. | :32:15. | :32:19. | |
Even in the boom years, before the banking crisis, the average take | :32:19. | :32:23. | |
home pay didn't keep up with prices. It was actually only when the | :32:23. | :32:28. | |
global recession struck, that the cost of living fell, and we got | :32:28. | :32:31. | |
better off. It is now that we are in recovery that the amount we can | :32:32. | :32:35. | |
buy with our money is again slipping back. | :32:35. | :32:40. | |
Food prices have been pushed up by a surge in demand from Asia, and | :32:40. | :32:44. | |
the weak pound means shoppers here are squeezed harder than the UK or | :32:44. | :32:50. | |
Europe. That pinchs particularly hard if you are a mum with mouths | :32:50. | :32:56. | |
to feed. The day-to-day budget, clothing for instance, kids don't | :32:56. | :33:00. | |
stay the same size, you have to buy loads of clothes. What else, I mean, | :33:00. | :33:04. | |
taking them out, day trips, you can't just take them to the park, | :33:04. | :33:08. | |
they get a bid bored, there might be other stuff you need money for. | :33:09. | :33:12. | |
The trouble with the word "recovery", it is misleading if you | :33:12. | :33:15. | |
take it to mean the consumer is getting off and feeling better. In | :33:15. | :33:18. | |
fact we got better off in the recession and we are getting worse | :33:18. | :33:23. | |
off now in the recovery. What's really happening here is that we | :33:23. | :33:27. | |
are breaking our addiction to spending beyond our means. And what | :33:27. | :33:32. | |
we don't yet know is whether this cure is going to be more painful | :33:32. | :33:36. | |
than the disease. We are worse off now than we were | :33:36. | :33:41. | |
in 2004, and what's driving that, according to one think-tank, is an | :33:41. | :33:43. | |
unprecedented situation where we are competing with countries that | :33:43. | :33:46. | |
pay their workers a tenth of what we do. | :33:46. | :33:51. | |
I wouldn't be at all surprised if we had to cut our living standards | :33:51. | :33:55. | |
by roundabout a quarter over a generation. And actually that's | :33:55. | :34:00. | |
just an extrap laigs over what has happened over the last eight years. | :34:00. | :34:05. | |
This is not predetermined and if we get ourselves the right skills so | :34:05. | :34:11. | |
we can compete in premium areas to charge premium prices, then we | :34:11. | :34:14. | |
don't have to cut our living standards. We will be forced to if | :34:14. | :34:19. | |
we are simply in the same areas, and we are therefore competing in | :34:19. | :34:29. | |
:34:29. | :34:34. | ||
the same traditional areas that we have in the past. Our families are | :34:34. | :34:40. | |
gaining more by step anything and doing some work in other ways, this | :34:40. | :34:45. | |
work has brought in �100 a month. We have to step up what we are | :34:45. | :34:50. | |
doing if our children will not be worse off than the parents. | :34:50. | :34:54. | |
The greatest conference on memory will be held this month. Explaining | :34:54. | :34:57. | |
how memory can be improved and impaired. We will discuss what we | :34:58. | :35:03. | |
know, and the vast amount we still do not know about memory. | :35:03. | :35:07. | |
Steven Smith remembered to turn up for work today, we put him to good | :35:07. | :35:14. | |
use. Are you ready Mr Memory? I will | :35:14. | :35:18. | |
place myself into readiness for this evening's performance, and | :35:18. | :35:23. | |
super material. Mr Memory has been turning in unforgetable | :35:23. | :35:27. | |
performances. Now ladies and gentlemen first question please. | :35:27. | :35:37. | |
:35:37. | :35:37. | ||
Yes, Sir, being beg your pardon, Sir, who won the cup in 19267. | :35:37. | :35:43. | |
1926, the Arsenal gunners were beaten in the presence of His | :35:43. | :35:50. | |
Majesty King George V. The great old yarn The 39 Steps, running in | :35:50. | :35:57. | |
London, resolves around a prodigious feat of memory. It is a | :35:57. | :36:02. | |
strange old mismemory, we are impressed by it, we know when it is | :36:02. | :36:09. | |
working and when it isn't. When it comes to how the old grey | :36:09. | :36:13. | |
matter actually operates, you are asking the wrong species, mate. | :36:14. | :36:18. | |
know, as brain scientists, quite a lot what happens when we learn | :36:18. | :36:21. | |
something, what changes take place in the brain then. What we know | :36:21. | :36:24. | |
almost nothing about is how we actually remember, that is what | :36:24. | :36:34. | |
:36:34. | :36:39. | ||
goes on in the brain to enable you Memory. Andrew Lloyd Webber had it | :36:39. | :36:46. | |
right, yet again, when he said every street light seems to beat a | :36:46. | :36:50. | |
fatalistic warning. Technological aids are all very well, but don't | :36:50. | :36:54. | |
lose the old skills. The status of memory has changed, because of | :36:54. | :36:57. | |
technology. Memory is something that we don't attach as much | :36:57. | :37:00. | |
importance to, as we used to, because we can get machines to do | :37:00. | :37:04. | |
it for us, we don't bother to remember phone numbers any more, | :37:04. | :37:08. | |
because we feel secure that they are stowed away in our pocket | :37:08. | :37:12. | |
somewhere. I can still remember the phone numbers of my childhood | :37:12. | :37:15. | |
friends, but I couldn't tell you what my wife's phone number was. We | :37:15. | :37:25. | |
:37:25. | :37:30. | ||
have sort of outsourced that We invited eight-times world | :37:30. | :37:35. | |
champion memory man, Dominic O'Brien into the controlled | :37:35. | :37:38. | |
environment of the overheating Newsnight Green Room, to show us | :37:38. | :37:46. | |
what a trained memory can do. Is it best if I don't talk to you now, do | :37:46. | :37:51. | |
you have to concentrate? It is up to you. Dominic said he could | :37:51. | :37:58. | |
memorise 20 random playing cards in the right order in 30 seconds or so. | :37:58. | :38:03. | |
Starting from the top, the cards are. The four of spades, the ace of | :38:03. | :38:08. | |
club, the seven of diamonds, the three of hearts, it is the ace of | :38:08. | :38:14. | |
hearts, the eight of diamond, followed by the king of spades. | :38:14. | :38:19. | |
came up with them faster than I can shuffle them. How did you do that? | :38:19. | :38:23. | |
I'm bringing the cards to life Madgeing them as people. And using | :38:23. | :38:33. | |
:38:33. | :38:37. | ||
- imagining them as people, and then a journey. Back at the 39 | :38:37. | :38:41. | |
Steps, the actor in the role has his memory tested. It is not like | :38:41. | :38:45. | |
the actor in the role with the lines written everywhere and on | :38:45. | :38:50. | |
your sleeve. Can we check that. For paying customers, there is nothing | :38:50. | :38:54. | |
there. No ear pieces. Not like Marlon brand dough, you just have | :38:54. | :39:03. | |
to learn it. What was Napoleon's horse called? It was called | :39:03. | :39:09. | |
Balerithon, when he road at the battle of Waterloo, am I right, | :39:09. | :39:15. | |
Sir? Quite right. Memory man, Dominic O'Brien is with | :39:15. | :39:22. | |
us now, along with my guests. As we are talking we have challenge for | :39:22. | :39:29. | |
Dominic, to memorise these numbers. There is 100 of them in order, by | :39:29. | :39:32. | |
the end of the programme, in about five minutes time. I think the | :39:32. | :39:41. | |
number also appear now. Now. While Dominic is having fun, I | :39:41. | :39:45. | |
just want to talk but about some of the things that we think we know | :39:45. | :39:48. | |
about memory. The first thing that strikes me is we all think that as | :39:48. | :39:53. | |
we get older our memories get worse s is that true? It is actually an | :39:53. | :39:58. | |
interesting idea that research hasst now revealing that there is | :39:58. | :40:02. | |
different aspectss of memory that get better as we age - aspects of | :40:02. | :40:07. | |
memory that get better as we age. One of them is our wisdom or our | :40:07. | :40:10. | |
general knowledge. While we might experience things like for getting | :40:10. | :40:15. | |
names or certain details of situations. Or car keys? | :40:15. | :40:20. | |
getting things that have just happened to us, - forgetting things | :40:20. | :40:24. | |
that have just happened to us. But we are getting better with age in | :40:24. | :40:28. | |
rembering concepts and facts and general knowledge. Is there a | :40:28. | :40:31. | |
difference between good and bad memories. Older people sometimes | :40:31. | :40:34. | |
remember good things, but forget some of the bad things. That might | :40:34. | :40:38. | |
be a good defence mechanism? That is actually right. We know that | :40:38. | :40:42. | |
despite the fact that there is a lot of negative things that happen | :40:42. | :40:47. | |
as we age, our health might be failing, our our relatives might be | :40:47. | :40:52. | |
passing way, older adults have a very good way of regulating their | :40:52. | :40:56. | |
emotions, in terms of focusing on positive information in their | :40:56. | :41:03. | |
environment and rembering that. memory always useful, I would | :41:03. | :41:06. | |
always think there are some things we would want to forget, and that | :41:06. | :41:11. | |
is a good thing? It can sometimes be a serious problem for people who | :41:11. | :41:15. | |
have survived traumatic or life- threatening events, these intrusive | :41:15. | :41:18. | |
and vivid memories might come flooding back for many, many years | :41:18. | :41:23. | |
afterwards, something we used to call shell shock, but is now known | :41:23. | :41:27. | |
as post-traumatic stress disorder. One of the things that has been | :41:27. | :41:31. | |
coming up at the conference we are running up, is the remarkable | :41:31. | :41:34. | |
flexibility of memory, and the fact that we might have in the future | :41:34. | :41:38. | |
new ways that might be able to change or reduce these kind of | :41:38. | :41:42. | |
intrusive memory it is not always a good thing to remember. We are | :41:43. | :41:48. | |
watching Dominic here, memorise all these numbers, do we know how | :41:48. | :41:52. | |
memory works, we know it is like a filing cabinet and pull things out | :41:52. | :41:56. | |
s that right, is that how it works? I think the first piece of | :41:56. | :42:00. | |
understanding we must make clear is that there is not just one type of | :42:00. | :42:03. | |
memory, there are many different types of memory. And they all work | :42:03. | :42:07. | |
in different ways, and perhaps depend on different brain | :42:07. | :42:10. | |
mechanisms that can go wrong in different ways. Dominic now is | :42:10. | :42:13. | |
probably trying to remember these numbers as being located in | :42:13. | :42:17. | |
different places around his house or around a familiar route, as he | :42:17. | :42:23. | |
mentioned before. That kind of technique might enable him to use | :42:23. | :42:26. | |
his hipercampus, a part of the brain that we use for finding our | :42:27. | :42:30. | |
way around, but also the part used for long-term memories. This is | :42:30. | :42:33. | |
clearly interesting, but if it we did know much more about memory and | :42:33. | :42:37. | |
how it works, would that help us in some way, would we be able to | :42:37. | :42:41. | |
achieve more? I think there is a number of misconception that is we | :42:41. | :42:45. | |
actually have in our common understanding of how memory works, | :42:45. | :42:50. | |
and so an understanding the ways in which memory can be enhanced, new | :42:50. | :42:53. | |
research that has been done in the states has shown there is different | :42:53. | :42:58. | |
ways in which we can study material, to better learn that material, and | :42:58. | :43:02. | |
to have it endure for longer. And I think also understanding that | :43:02. | :43:06. | |
memory goes beyond the past and that is something I have really | :43:06. | :43:11. | |
been focused on. Memory goes beyond the past? I have been researching | :43:11. | :43:16. | |
how memory is used as the building blocks to imagine the future. Even | :43:16. | :43:20. | |
though memorys play - memories play back like videos in your mind, they | :43:20. | :43:24. | |
are stored in different ways, as framents or details across the | :43:24. | :43:28. | |
brain, that actually mean that is memory can be pulled apart and put | :43:28. | :43:32. | |
together in different ways. In that sense, what is the relationship | :43:32. | :43:35. | |
between having good memory or being intelligent and creative, they are | :43:35. | :43:39. | |
all slightly different things, we assume people who are intelligent | :43:39. | :43:44. | |
have good memories? Donna has raised way in which memory can help | :43:45. | :43:48. | |
with creativity by putting together new ideas in a new imaginative way. | :43:48. | :43:52. | |
More generally, I'm not certain there is a close relationship | :43:52. | :43:56. | |
between all good types of memory and intelligence. Some kind of | :43:56. | :44:01. | |
memory might allow you to continually store habits that are | :44:01. | :44:05. | |
reinforced over and over again, you might not be able to think about | :44:05. | :44:09. | |
those things, they come automatically to mind, I'm thinking | :44:09. | :44:14. | |
about riding the bike and playing the piano, that is memory too but | :44:15. | :44:22. | |
not the sort of thing we think of when we think of the word. People | :44:22. | :44:28. | |
and me have things like false memory, things I think my parent | :44:28. | :44:32. | |
told me, but they weren't there, that is quite important? There are | :44:32. | :44:37. | |
ways memory can be distort or fail, we might forget the source of the | :44:37. | :44:42. | |
information. We can't remember the context of how we encountered that. | :44:42. | :44:46. | |
Memories are stored in these fragments, when we retrieve a | :44:46. | :44:49. | |
memory, we have to bring together all the fragments again. It is | :44:50. | :44:53. | |
possible we might leave certain details out, or bring in details | :44:53. | :44:57. | |
from other experiences. I was wondering what the big thing that | :44:57. | :45:01. | |
we could hope for in some of this would be. People will also think | :45:01. | :45:05. | |
about Alzheimer's and loss of memory, and terrible debilltation | :45:05. | :45:09. | |
that cause, is it possible, through studying how we remember things, | :45:09. | :45:15. | |
that we might help in Alzheimer's and similar conditions? That is | :45:15. | :45:19. | |
absolutely right, what Dominic is doing now seems like a bit of money, | :45:19. | :45:24. | |
but memory is a serious business, if you lose your memory you are | :45:24. | :45:28. | |
losing your sense of self. Alzheimer's is something to be | :45:28. | :45:31. | |
solved and one of the most pressing issues for scientists to work on | :45:31. | :45:34. | |
today. Dominic your time for memorising stops now. | :45:34. | :45:38. | |
Thank you very much. We will get back to you and test you in just a | :45:38. | :45:48. | |
:45:48. | :46:15. | ||
second. 30 seconds after I have Back to Dominic now to see if he | :46:15. | :46:17. | |
can give us the 100 numbers in order. | :46:17. | :46:27. | |
:46:27. | :46:35. | ||
You have until the credits run out. , 6331, 1, 5 7, 29, 6, 8, 3, 55, 59, | :46:35. | :46:45. | |
:46:45. | :46:52. | ||
3, 1, 33, 46, 437, 2, 5, 88, 7, 4 I think it is 81, 1, 4, 40 it could | :46:52. | :47:02. | |
:47:02. | :47:14. | ||
be 8, 7, 7430, 2, 1, 17, 2, 24, 26, 1, 9, 28, 50, 5, 28, 22, 4, 7, 8, | :47:14. | :47:24. | |
:47:24. | :47:24. | ||
22, 3, 5, 8, 33, 5, 1. 22, 3, 5, 8, 33, 5, 1. | :47:24. | :47:27. | |
APPLAUSE. Good evening, the daytime heat has | :47:27. | :47:30. | |
peaked, one more muggy night to deal with. With it outbreaks of | :47:30. | :47:35. | |
rain pushing to the west. The wetter weather will push through | :47:36. | :47:39. | |
areas. Rain working up other parts of eastern England. Into the | :47:39. | :47:42. | |
afternoon brighter weather will develop for North West England, a | :47:42. | :47:46. | |
wetter afternoon in store for eastern most parts. Particularly in | :47:46. | :47:49. | |
East Anglia, it is East Anglia to the London area to the south where | :47:49. | :47:54. | |
we could see minor flooding. London drying out for the second half of | :47:54. | :48:00. | |
the day. Many will see sunshine come out through the afternoon. The | :48:00. | :48:04. | |
temperatures will have dropped, humid and fresher in the shade. The | :48:04. | :48:06. | |
August sunshine strong enough across Wales to make it feel | :48:07. | :48:10. | |
reasonably warm. A brighter end to the day than we started with. For | :48:10. | :48:13. | |
Northern Ireland brightening skies in the afternoon, temperatures in | :48:13. | :48:16. | |
the high teens, squeezing the low 20s. For the northern half of | :48:16. | :48:20. | |
Scotland here the rain that stafrted in the south will have | :48:20. | :48:25. | |
pushed its way northwards and will remain wet through Thursday night. | :48:25. | :48:29. | |
Then the changes, northern areas we have the rain predominantly on | :48:29. | :48:33. | |
Thursday, Friday looking dryer, same further south, temperatures | :48:33. | :48:39. | |
will climb a little bit for one or two. Not back to the heat and | :48:39. | :48:42. |