Browse content similar to 03/06/2014. Check below for episodes and series from the same categories and more!
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Tonight with days to go to the start of the World Cup, we report from | :00:00. | :00:11. | |
Brazil on the grotesque under-side to one of the world's greatest | :00:12. | :00:15. | |
sporting occasions. In the shadows of the football stadiums another | :00:16. | :00:19. | |
side to the competition, the chirp being traffiked for prostitution. Do | :00:20. | :00:22. | |
the police never check? Millions of us tune in for this | :00:23. | :00:47. | |
stuff week after week, why do we love it, why do women seem to like | :00:48. | :00:52. | |
crime drama that features violence against women. The crime writer Anne | :00:53. | :00:57. | |
Cleaves is here to help us with that. And remember this? How a 1980s | :00:58. | :01:02. | |
computer game has lived to the ripe old age of 30 and is still gathering | :01:03. | :01:17. | |
new fans. At 9.00 on Thursday next week the football teams from Brazil | :01:18. | :01:20. | |
and Croatia will begin the first match in the 2014 World Cup. Best | :01:21. | :01:25. | |
not to think what the start of that great sporting carnival means for | :01:26. | :01:28. | |
untold numbers of children in Brazil. Gangs of pimps are | :01:29. | :01:34. | |
trafficking young girls to ply their trade around the stadiums of host | :01:35. | :01:37. | |
cities there. The country is already facing an epidemic of child | :01:38. | :01:41. | |
prostitution with children as young as nine selling their bodies to | :01:42. | :01:45. | |
escape poverty. Even though they are the victims of sexual exploitation | :01:46. | :01:49. | |
some of the children and their parents were happy for them to be | :01:50. | :01:52. | |
identified on camera. In this country only. We report now from | :01:53. | :02:05. | |
Brazil. This is the BR 116, a road that runs | :02:06. | :02:11. | |
almost the entire length of Brazil. The route takes you through towns | :02:12. | :02:15. | |
where children try to escape poverty by selling their bodies. This | :02:16. | :02:26. | |
highway is nearly 3,000 miles long and a recent police survey | :02:27. | :02:33. | |
discovered almost 300 areas where child prostitution was taking place. | :02:34. | :02:37. | |
And that means on average children can be found offering sex nearly | :02:38. | :02:45. | |
every ten miles. We're heading to a remote town 300 miles from the World | :02:46. | :02:51. | |
Cup host cities in the northern tronnics. And more than 1,000 miles | :02:52. | :03:02. | |
away from Rio January in the south. Prostitution is legal over 18, yet | :03:03. | :03:06. | |
the number of children selling their bodies across the country is said to | :03:07. | :03:11. | |
run into the hundreds of thousands. Here I'm told the clients are mainly | :03:12. | :03:16. | |
truck drivers, hiring children as young as 11. We filmed very young | :03:17. | :03:19. | |
girls flirting and working the tables in a bar near a truck park. | :03:20. | :03:28. | |
Regular police patrols of truck parks targeting child prostitution | :03:29. | :03:31. | |
are already overwhelmed. But they are facing a new problem, the | :03:32. | :03:36. | |
trafficking of girls to World Cup host cities. | :03:37. | :03:50. | |
In the last six months around 100 young girls have been referred to | :03:51. | :03:57. | |
the social services. A social worker took me to meet some of them. That's | :03:58. | :04:11. | |
your house? A flower and this is the sky. This girl has just turned 12 | :04:12. | :04:16. | |
and lives close to the highway. She seems like such a typical child. But | :04:17. | :04:21. | |
social services tell us just how grim her childhood has been. | :04:22. | :04:41. | |
Is it not scary being on the streets late at night? Everywhere you turn | :04:42. | :04:56. | |
in this small town you see the poverty that is stealing childhood. | :04:57. | :05:03. | |
Angela began selling herself when she was 13, she's now 17 and | :05:04. | :05:08. | |
pregnant for the fifth time. Her first three children were either | :05:09. | :05:12. | |
adopted or aborted, she kept her fourth. Is life tough here? What is | :05:13. | :05:19. | |
tough about it? How is this human misery possible in | :05:20. | :05:42. | |
a country which has the seventh-largest economy in the | :05:43. | :05:46. | |
world, just behind the UK. Congresswoman, Lillian Sarh has just | :05:47. | :05:53. | |
released the findings of the parliamentary inquiry into child | :05:54. | :05:56. | |
prostitution. Her research took her to all 12 World Cup host cities. | :05:57. | :06:34. | |
The parliamentary report highlights the traffics of children from rural | :06:35. | :06:40. | |
communities to World Cup host cities. To the prop calm north-east | :06:41. | :06:46. | |
the BR 11 six takes you to this stadium, in the shadow of the city's | :06:47. | :06:51. | |
World Cup stadium young girls are trading their bodies. We spot two | :06:52. | :06:58. | |
girls on the street, right outside a police station. As we get close it | :06:59. | :07:10. | |
is clear they are very young. With a charity worker we play the part of | :07:11. | :07:13. | |
British tourists, and they immediately offer us a programme, | :07:14. | :07:28. | |
the local slang for sex. How old are you? They look much younger. With | :07:29. | :07:37. | |
girls look so young, some look younger than others, but none of | :07:38. | :07:40. | |
them have any ID whatsoever. And how much would it be for a "programme"? | :07:41. | :07:54. | |
That is about ?40 pounds. I have to be afraid. Do the police never | :07:55. | :08:02. | |
check? A police car has just gone by we are talking to a very young boy, | :08:03. | :08:14. | |
didn't take any notice. The police told the BBC that complacency can be | :08:15. | :08:18. | |
an issue and are training their officers to be more proactive. | :08:19. | :08:22. | |
During the World Cup the Government promises more police patrols like | :08:23. | :08:27. | |
these, to spot exploitation and a hot-line to report abuse. Even in | :08:28. | :08:34. | |
daylight young girls are selling themselves around stadiums. This | :08:35. | :08:46. | |
girl is 14 years old. On the other side of the Atlantic Brazilian | :08:47. | :08:51. | |
footballer David Luiz warns England fans of the consequences of hiring | :08:52. | :08:57. | |
child prostitutes. This video is being shown on some flights to the | :08:58. | :09:02. | |
World Cup host cities, a campaign funded by British charities and | :09:03. | :09:06. | |
backed by British police agencies. It is a penalty! But evidence | :09:07. | :09:10. | |
suggests pimps are determined to cash in on anticipated demand. | :09:11. | :09:16. | |
13-year-old Fernada was already selling her body on the B-116 | :09:17. | :09:21. | |
highway, she was drugged, kidnapped and forced to work on the streets | :09:22. | :09:23. | |
here. She managed to escape. She is back | :09:24. | :09:55. | |
home with her mother. But her pimps are still at large. | :09:56. | :10:11. | |
She and her mother are reunited, but in a country that is criticised for | :10:12. | :10:18. | |
failing to tackle poverty and child exploitation, there are thousands | :10:19. | :10:21. | |
more children that have little hope of escaping Brazil's sex trade. You | :10:22. | :10:27. | |
can see more of that report on Panorama tomorrow night on BBC One | :10:28. | :10:32. | |
at 10. 35. Now the bureaucrats at the European | :10:33. | :10:38. | |
Commission generously dispensed unwanted advice to the British | :10:39. | :10:40. | |
Government today. They were kind enough to advise on the council tax, | :10:41. | :10:44. | |
house building and London property prices. It is time for our betters | :10:45. | :10:49. | |
now to choose a successor to that Prince among men, the current | :10:50. | :10:53. | |
President of the European Commission, Jose Manuel Barroso. | :10:54. | :10:56. | |
There are five-and-a-half candidates for the job, a couple of Greens want | :10:57. | :11:01. | |
it as some sort of job SHAFRMENT the front runner is Jean-Claude Junker. | :11:02. | :11:13. | |
In the wake of elections which demonstrated how little enthusiasm | :11:14. | :11:21. | |
people have for the political elite's job, there were rumours that | :11:22. | :11:26. | |
the Germans might be heeding David Cameron's campaign for Junker. Who | :11:27. | :11:32. | |
is the kind of democratic political leader you would love on our shores, | :11:33. | :11:36. | |
the one who says they are ready for being insulted for being | :11:37. | :11:41. | |
insufficiently democratic, he is for secret, dark debates, if it is a yes | :11:42. | :11:48. | |
they will say on we go and if no they will say they will continue. | :11:49. | :11:55. | |
Some of Jean-Claude Junker's worst hits which means the UK is not keen. | :11:56. | :11:59. | |
It is not hard to see why David Cameron doesn't really want | :12:00. | :12:08. | |
Jean-Claude Junker in the job, there is an obvious appeal to keep them at | :12:09. | :12:13. | |
bay from beyond the water. There is a risk in publicly opposing | :12:14. | :12:17. | |
something that will be decided in private, in a process that the UK | :12:18. | :12:24. | |
can't completely control. Junker does have some fans, but Government | :12:25. | :12:29. | |
sources are adamant you can't make the case for change in Europe with a | :12:30. | :12:33. | |
face from a small country in Europe first a minister in the 1980s. But | :12:34. | :12:39. | |
he is the front runner, and if David Cameron's strategy is to make enough | :12:40. | :12:44. | |
friends behind closed doors fails he will have to deal with the ire of | :12:45. | :12:47. | |
his euro-sceptics. ??FORCEDYELL Euro-sceptics use the word | :12:48. | :12:54. | |
"federalists" too loosely, someone they disagree with. But this is bona | :12:55. | :13:00. | |
fide federalism, he believes in reciprocal voting rights at national | :13:01. | :13:03. | |
election, he wants all the national foreign ministries to be merged into | :13:04. | :13:06. | |
a European one, he wants a European police force and tax system. This is | :13:07. | :13:13. | |
the whole 1950s federalist agenda, undulated. Killing off his bid would | :13:14. | :13:21. | |
be difficult. The most powerful office holder in the EU went through | :13:22. | :13:25. | |
the ordeal along with the audience of live debates. But because Junker | :13:26. | :13:32. | |
is the candidate put forward by the EPP, the biggest block in the | :13:33. | :13:35. | |
European Parliament, and they expect their man to be put in charge. That | :13:36. | :13:40. | |
whole jazzy process could have been a waste of time though. Because | :13:41. | :13:43. | |
there is nothing to stop other names being put forward by this lot, | :13:44. | :13:48. | |
Europe's actual leaders, the council at the last minute. One senior | :13:49. | :13:52. | |
Conservative source told Newsnight the Irish Prime Minister, Enda Kenny | :13:53. | :13:57. | |
is their preferred option, even though publicly he has backed | :13:58. | :14:03. | |
Junker. But is Angela Merkel trying to make life harder for her | :14:04. | :14:07. | |
political naughty fetch few. In the last few days she has hardened her | :14:08. | :14:12. | |
support for Junker, but tonight it appears she might have suggested an | :14:13. | :14:19. | |
elegant way out, suggesting the head of the IMF, Christine Lagarde. It | :14:20. | :14:26. | |
would be a godsend for David Cameron, she is a French candidate | :14:27. | :14:34. | |
with an Anglo-Saxon feel to her, she speaks fluent English, run the IMF, | :14:35. | :14:42. | |
run a big American law firm. She ticks so many boxes at Number Ten, | :14:43. | :14:48. | |
she may be blocked by others precisely because of that. If the | :14:49. | :14:51. | |
appointment doesn't go the UK's way, does it push us nearer leaving the | :14:52. | :14:57. | |
EU all together. That thought may tickle euro-sceptic, but Number Ten | :14:58. | :15:03. | |
officially says no. Mr Junker or whoever is President of the European | :15:04. | :15:05. | |
Commission, will not decide on what happens to a renegotiation which | :15:06. | :15:08. | |
will not even begin until a year from now the President of the | :15:09. | :15:11. | |
European Commission is an important person with a lot of influence, but | :15:12. | :15:15. | |
he does not take the decisions. And as our relations with our | :15:16. | :15:19. | |
continental cousins are never straight forward, there is another | :15:20. | :15:23. | |
complication in this torturous process, it is not just about trying | :15:24. | :15:27. | |
to choose the next President, it is also who gets what in the commission | :15:28. | :15:34. | |
and who decides the agenda. Submit to Junker and perhaps the UK gets a | :15:35. | :15:40. | |
juicy deal elsewhere. One senior Conservative suggests what matters | :15:41. | :15:45. | |
is who runs the internal market. With phone calls tonight and a | :15:46. | :15:48. | |
summit in Brussels tomorrow, David Cameron has more chances to win | :15:49. | :15:52. | |
friends across the channel, but he will need them, the machinations are | :15:53. | :15:57. | |
complex and will take time to complete. Jacob Rees-Mogg a | :15:58. | :16:05. | |
euro-sceptic MP is here, the Dutch MEP from the liberal grouping in the | :16:06. | :16:09. | |
European Parliament joins us from the Hague. What do you make of David | :16:10. | :16:17. | |
Cameron's objections to Mr Junker getting the job? What is important | :16:18. | :16:27. | |
is the European Union becomes more democratic and the process of who | :16:28. | :16:31. | |
gets the jobs is more transparent and people have a voice in who this | :16:32. | :16:36. | |
person is. A first step has been taken by the European Parliament | :16:37. | :16:40. | |
putting forward candidates by political groups. The largest group | :16:41. | :16:46. | |
in the European Parliament has put forward Mr Junker. It is up to Mr | :16:47. | :16:51. | |
Cameron to make his case among the council and see what the European | :16:52. | :16:54. | |
Parliament will make of it. I don't think he has much of a chance | :16:55. | :16:56. | |
because the European Parliament has committed to this system before the | :16:57. | :17:01. | |
elections to take a step towards a more democratic and more transparent | :17:02. | :17:06. | |
Europe which I think is very urgently needed. This was agreed | :17:07. | :17:11. | |
that the largest party would endorse a candidate and that candidate would | :17:12. | :17:17. | |
be more or less a shoe-in, before the election? Who was it agreed by? | :17:18. | :17:21. | |
It was agreed by the European Parliament? The European Parliament | :17:22. | :17:24. | |
decided amongst itself. It doesn't have the power to appoint, it has | :17:25. | :17:28. | |
the power to approve, which is different. And in the election there | :17:29. | :17:33. | |
is a poll done to see if anybody had heard of the candidates. 6% of | :17:34. | :17:39. | |
voters had never heard of Mr Junker, with a British parliamentary | :17:40. | :17:41. | |
election people know who the candidates are. The idea that | :17:42. | :17:45. | |
democracy comes through the European Parliament within the EU is false. | :17:46. | :17:48. | |
It comes through the Council of Ministers. But this is the mechanism | :17:49. | :17:53. | |
and it was agreed beforehand, why not play a straight bat on it? | :17:54. | :17:58. | |
Because the European Parliament rbitrarily decided this is what it | :17:59. | :18:03. | |
was going to do. This was only one of the institution bus not the most | :18:04. | :18:06. | |
democratic, it must be the Council of Ministers that represent the | :18:07. | :18:09. | |
Governments. Fair enough, they are involved. What is wrong with the | :18:10. | :18:13. | |
principle of the largest party which gathers the largest the largest | :18:14. | :18:18. | |
number of votes being the most effective operator in the | :18:19. | :18:21. | |
endorsement? I think it is a mistake to view the EPP as a single party, | :18:22. | :18:25. | |
that the campaigns in individual parties were run on individual | :18:26. | :18:29. | |
national political grounds, the fact that they picked some obscure | :18:30. | :18:34. | |
Luxembourger to be their candidate that 66% of voters haven't heard of | :18:35. | :18:38. | |
really doesn't give him any credibility. If the price of getting | :18:39. | :18:47. | |
Mr Junker into the position is that a country like Britain decides it | :18:48. | :18:51. | |
has to advance its referendum on whether it stays in the European | :18:52. | :18:58. | |
Union, is that a price worth paying? I'm really sorry I'm having trouble | :18:59. | :19:01. | |
hearing you, what I think is important is that the European | :19:02. | :19:06. | |
Parliament becomes a stronger player, representing European | :19:07. | :19:10. | |
citizens on the EU level, and what we need in Europe is more democracy | :19:11. | :19:15. | |
and more transparency. We do not need back door dealings, back room | :19:16. | :19:19. | |
dealings that the council is known for, so I think it is important, we | :19:20. | :19:24. | |
have put forward as political groups these candidates, and if some groups | :19:25. | :19:28. | |
have buyers remorse to put it that way, that is something they have to | :19:29. | :19:32. | |
deal with, as the liberal group in the European Parliament we have put | :19:33. | :19:37. | |
forward the former Prime Minister of Belgium and the leader of our | :19:38. | :19:41. | |
political group in the European Parliament. There have been debates | :19:42. | :19:44. | |
on television between these candidates to give European citizens | :19:45. | :19:49. | |
a sense of who these people are that are candidates for the President of | :19:50. | :19:53. | |
the European Commission. So this is a first step in what should be many | :19:54. | :19:58. | |
more steps towards a more effective democratic and transparent European | :19:59. | :20:02. | |
Union. I think if there is a problem that we have in Europe, but in | :20:03. | :20:06. | |
politics more broadly in the EU, it is that there are politicians who | :20:07. | :20:10. | |
say one thing, one day and then something else the next day. So we | :20:11. | :20:14. | |
have to stick to what it is we have said we would do, now we must Folau | :20:15. | :20:19. | |
through. Jacob Rees-Mogg you would accept this is an improvement on the | :20:20. | :20:22. | |
previous system would you? Not particularly. You don't think it is | :20:23. | :20:26. | |
more transparent? I don't think it is particularly, nobody has heard of | :20:27. | :20:29. | |
these candidates. Is there any single candidate among them you | :20:30. | :20:33. | |
would support for the job? Perhaps Bill Cash should become a candidate. | :20:34. | :20:37. | |
He is not unfortunately a candidate? He could become one the Council of | :20:38. | :20:41. | |
Ministers could put him forward, it is their choice. This isn't open and | :20:42. | :20:44. | |
transparent because the European Parliament is a closed, | :20:45. | :20:48. | |
inward-looking system, that nobody has paid any attention to the | :20:49. | :20:51. | |
European Parliament's candidates or these debates other than people who | :20:52. | :20:57. | |
are tied into the system. As a member of the organisation there | :20:58. | :21:00. | |
will be somebody who will be President of the Commission? I have | :21:01. | :21:05. | |
more confidence in the pre-Nice system where there was a veto. It is | :21:06. | :21:09. | |
a pity that was given up. National countries represent their countries | :21:10. | :21:11. | |
not the European Parliament, it would be better to do it on that | :21:12. | :21:15. | |
system and whether that is done in private or the near private of the | :21:16. | :21:18. | |
European Parliament, because however much they may have it debates I | :21:19. | :21:22. | |
think they are watched by as many people as watch the Eurovision Song | :21:23. | :21:31. | |
Contest. Or not. But how big a problem is it for David Cameron if | :21:32. | :21:36. | |
he doesn't get his way and Mr Junker is appointed? It is a minor problem. | :21:37. | :21:43. | |
I think back to the appointment of Jack Santer, who took over by the | :21:44. | :21:50. | |
man vetoed by John Major. He courageously vetoed one pro-European | :21:51. | :21:53. | |
federalist, replaced by another, seen as a great victory for British | :21:54. | :21:58. | |
diplomacy. I don't think it would be a great defeat if it went against | :21:59. | :22:01. | |
David Cameron, but equally it won't be a great victory if it goes his | :22:02. | :22:10. | |
way. If there is some sort of compromise, say Christine Lagarde, | :22:11. | :22:15. | |
seems to be popular at present, would that be something that you and | :22:16. | :22:17. | |
your friend could live with, or would it be a subversion of what you | :22:18. | :22:22. | |
see as a process that was agreed upon beforehand? I'm sorry, I can't | :22:23. | :22:30. | |
hear you sufficiently. I heard that the MP of the Conservative Party | :22:31. | :22:34. | |
said that the council should make these decision, but what has been | :22:35. | :22:38. | |
clear is that the system as it has been working with the council and | :22:39. | :22:41. | |
ministers trading different interests is not doing enough for | :22:42. | :22:46. | |
European citizens so it is clear that we should not rely on business | :22:47. | :22:49. | |
as usual, but we have to reform the EU to make it more democratic. I | :22:50. | :22:54. | |
think that is essential. I'm sorry if I cannot hear your question, the | :22:55. | :22:58. | |
satellite connection is not strong enough. I'm terribly sorry you | :22:59. | :23:03. | |
haven't been able to hear properly either. Thank you very much for | :23:04. | :23:06. | |
joining us and thank you Jacob Rees-Mogg too. Regular viewers will | :23:07. | :23:11. | |
perhaps recall a couple of Newsnight reports from Owen Bennett Jones of | :23:12. | :23:16. | |
the activities in Britain of a Pakistani exile who seems to have | :23:17. | :23:21. | |
instilled a rule of fear in the city of Karachi. Finally he was arrested | :23:22. | :23:26. | |
in London and being questioned about alleged money laundering. It set off | :23:27. | :23:32. | |
protests in Karachi where his organisation has terrorised great | :23:33. | :23:35. | |
numbers of people. Such is their reputation that fear of what it | :23:36. | :23:39. | |
might do almost paralysed the city today. Here we are with the latest. | :23:40. | :23:57. | |
IT With little drama Mr Hussein was picked up in a quiet, wealthy | :23:58. | :24:03. | |
suburb. He's Karachi's most important politician w a solid | :24:04. | :24:07. | |
parliamentary block and the ability to deliver formidable street power. | :24:08. | :24:12. | |
He is famous for speeches like this. One of the investigations he faces | :24:13. | :24:16. | |
in the UK is asking whether these kind of remarks amount to incitement | :24:17. | :24:24. | |
to violence. Two Newsnight films revealed the investigations into Mr | :24:25. | :24:29. | |
Hussein and caused a big impact in Pakistan, now he's in custody | :24:30. | :24:37. | |
suspected of money laundering. The party today said it was in shock | :24:38. | :24:44. | |
that he is critically ill and there will now be peaceful protests. But | :24:45. | :24:50. | |
after the arrest, many parts of Karachi emptied as people feared a | :24:51. | :24:54. | |
more violent reaction. Those in the city who passionately support him, | :24:55. | :24:57. | |
and those who fear him, are all waiting to hear the latest news from | :24:58. | :25:02. | |
London. And whether the arrest will be Folaued with charges. I'm joined | :25:03. | :25:11. | |
in the studio now, what is the situation in Karachi tonight? The | :25:12. | :25:16. | |
MQM have their people out on the streets in the city, they say they | :25:17. | :25:19. | |
will be doing a peaceful protest until's out of custody, that could | :25:20. | :25:23. | |
be as long as 36 hours, that is happening. I mean it has been more | :25:24. | :25:27. | |
peaceful than many people thought, some buses were set alight. These | :25:28. | :25:31. | |
guys in the screen are his supporters in Karachi? So he has a | :25:32. | :25:35. | |
very passionate support base, very loyal support, but also many people | :25:36. | :25:39. | |
in the city who fear him. The city is divided by him. But those people | :25:40. | :25:43. | |
who support him are always, he has huge street power, he can deploy | :25:44. | :25:47. | |
them whenever he wants. It is extraordinary that one man can have | :25:48. | :25:50. | |
that much sway? Particularly when he has lived in London for 23 years. | :25:51. | :25:55. | |
This is all done down a phone line. He has complete control of his party | :25:56. | :26:00. | |
and now he is gone one of the problems the party has got is they | :26:01. | :26:03. | |
don't know what to do because he's not there to tell them. How can he | :26:04. | :26:07. | |
control a party thousands of miles away living in London? The party | :26:08. | :26:11. | |
critics would say it is by the use of violence, by the use of force | :26:12. | :26:15. | |
that many of his party officials are afraid of him, and that it is being | :26:16. | :26:18. | |
done in that way. His supporters would say he's a charismatic and | :26:19. | :26:22. | |
brilliant politician able to pull it off. Now the last episode of the | :26:23. | :26:31. | |
gritty television crime series Happy Valley ended half an hour or so ago, | :26:32. | :26:37. | |
it has been great success, with the central character, Sergeant | :26:38. | :26:41. | |
Katherine Corn hugely popular. It is widely recognised that the most | :26:42. | :26:44. | |
eager consumers of this sort of television are women. The question | :26:45. | :26:48. | |
is why? Why should entertainment that so often features violence | :26:49. | :26:52. | |
against women appeal to women? In a moment we will talk to two crime | :26:53. | :26:55. | |
writers about the attraction of events we all fervently pray will | :26:56. | :27:01. | |
never occur for real. They have this, in the meantime, as you would | :27:02. | :27:05. | |
expect it contains some scenes of violence you might find distressing. | :27:06. | :27:13. | |
Is it a realistic depicks of the kind of violence women can suffer in | :27:14. | :27:18. | |
real life, or gratuitous titillation to win ratings. The cameras also | :27:19. | :27:24. | |
focus on women, abused, battered, raped or dead, but has it gone too | :27:25. | :27:28. | |
far. I find it increasingly rare to come across a drama where there | :27:29. | :27:33. | |
isn't a woman being terrorised at the least, having her throat cut, | :27:34. | :27:37. | |
tied up somewhere, menaced or murdered or scared out of her wits. | :27:38. | :27:42. | |
It seems to have become a norm, without anybody noticing really. It | :27:43. | :27:46. | |
seems to have crept in particularly over the past, I would say two or | :27:47. | :27:50. | |
three years, and it has become quite intense now. Happy Valley, which | :27:51. | :27:56. | |
ended tonight has been pretty gruelling viewing at times, but six | :27:57. | :28:00. | |
million people have tuned in and only 15 complained, its female | :28:01. | :28:05. | |
writer defended the violence as necessary and says in the end she | :28:06. | :28:09. | |
has created uplifting television with strong female characters at its | :28:10. | :28:16. | |
heart. The Fall was dubbed the most repulsive drama ever shown which one | :28:17. | :28:27. | |
writer, it was a serial killer attacking attractive young women. It | :28:28. | :28:31. | |
is all about context, set in the 1950s Bletchley Circle saw four code | :28:32. | :28:37. | |
breakers becoming investigators, it didn't shy away from female death, | :28:38. | :28:43. | |
but it wasn't gratuitous, and it showed the female leads reacting to | :28:44. | :28:46. | |
it. Why did we have to come here and see her if we couldn't help her, | :28:47. | :28:51. | |
what was the point of it. But criticism of too much female-based | :28:52. | :28:55. | |
violence on TV is changing behaviour. I have been developing a | :28:56. | :28:59. | |
show where the female writer which involves murders, all of the people | :29:00. | :29:02. | |
who are dying are men. That doesn't mean it is a better or worse show, | :29:03. | :29:06. | |
or we don't think about violence towards men. But certainly she did | :29:07. | :29:10. | |
say when she started to write it that she would be damned if the | :29:11. | :29:15. | |
first person to die on the TV show would be a woman. I think it | :29:16. | :29:19. | |
self-regulates, people are aware, it has become an issue and it will | :29:20. | :29:23. | |
affect how violence is depicted and violence against women. That shift | :29:24. | :29:29. | |
can't come soon enough for those who trace violence against women on | :29:30. | :29:32. | |
television back to our love affair with Nordic noir, The Killing with | :29:33. | :29:38. | |
frightening scenes from the start spawned too many a British crime | :29:39. | :29:46. | |
drama with brutality at its heart. Ripper Street, set in East London | :29:47. | :29:52. | |
six months after backthe ripper's killings was simply attacked for the | :29:53. | :29:57. | |
period back drop and the portrayal of violence. Do charities that | :29:58. | :30:01. | |
campaign against real world violence worry about the TV versions. | :30:02. | :30:06. | |
Violence against women is a reality, and it is really important to | :30:07. | :30:09. | |
recognise how much of it there is. So in one sense no I don't have | :30:10. | :30:15. | |
concerns. What does concern me though is when TV dramas perpetuate | :30:16. | :30:21. | |
some of the many myths that exist around violence against women. | :30:22. | :30:25. | |
Violence of course can be used to powerful effect, in the past even | :30:26. | :30:30. | |
Women's Aid itself hasn't shied away from pretty graphic story telling | :30:31. | :30:35. | |
that wouldn't look out of place of a TV drama and curtesy of Keira | :30:36. | :30:38. | |
Knightly to get the own message across. With us is Anne Cleaves | :30:39. | :30:45. | |
whose novels have been done both for the BBC and ITV, and the crime | :30:46. | :30:53. | |
fiction critic Jake Kerridge. Let's look at the question of the appeal | :30:54. | :30:56. | |
to women. It is clear that very large numbers of women form the core | :30:57. | :31:01. | |
of the audience and many of these programme, yet these programmes do | :31:02. | :31:04. | |
feature a lot of violence against women? Not all of them do of course. | :31:05. | :31:11. | |
I agree. What women watch crime drama for is the strands of the | :31:12. | :31:15. | |
story, quite often it is domestic, it is about family and the clips you | :31:16. | :31:21. | |
didn't show from Happy Valley are about a close family. Sometimes | :31:22. | :31:27. | |
dysfuntional. I think the writing was brilliant about that, and that | :31:28. | :31:31. | |
is why women are watching it. What is your theory? I think we have to | :31:32. | :31:35. | |
wonder why when two-thirds of the people who read and buy crime | :31:36. | :31:39. | |
fiction are women why these interesting and ingenious ways of | :31:40. | :31:43. | |
slaughtering so many women are so popular, apart from some kind of | :31:44. | :31:48. | |
prevalent misogyny among women, I don't think it can be that. And | :31:49. | :31:52. | |
factually we know that most murders are perpetrated against men, | :31:53. | :31:57. | |
specifically young men? It may be to do with sexual violence as well. The | :31:58. | :32:03. | |
crime writer Val McDermott that women are incull culcated by a fear | :32:04. | :32:12. | |
of violence that men are not, so they read something to get a thrill | :32:13. | :32:16. | |
that preys on their very deepest fears. What do you make of that | :32:17. | :32:20. | |
idea? I don't agree with that. I think there is a tendency to put on | :32:21. | :32:26. | |
what you think is going to be popular. We were talking about The | :32:27. | :32:33. | |
Killing, the start of that came from the Dragon Tattoo, where it started | :32:34. | :32:38. | |
with quite playful, quite domestic and the violence got stronger and | :32:39. | :32:42. | |
stronger and less appropriate, I think. And because the male central | :32:43. | :32:47. | |
character was very sympathetic, he was a great supporter of women, some | :32:48. | :32:53. | |
how that was fine. That made the violence against the central woman | :32:54. | :32:58. | |
character some how all right. Is there something also in drama that | :32:59. | :33:07. | |
has a strong female lead, some how often feels it is OK if you have | :33:08. | :33:11. | |
that to have violence against women in the same thing too. Have you | :33:12. | :33:15. | |
noticed that? I think that is a cop-out too. But you have noticed it | :33:16. | :33:21. | |
I bet? I'm not sure that I have, I suppose The Killing, but I know more | :33:22. | :33:27. | |
about crime fiction in books. Prime Suspect, The Killing, The Bridge, | :33:28. | :33:34. | |
all these things? It is true. Go on? It is true, why do women watch it, | :33:35. | :33:40. | |
I'm not convinced that they watch it because they like seeing women | :33:41. | :33:44. | |
raped, tortured and mutilated. I think it is sad if that is what we | :33:45. | :33:48. | |
think, and if that is why people watch television for those things. | :33:49. | :33:53. | |
Do you have a further view on why it has this appeal? In the days of | :33:54. | :34:00. | |
Agatha Christie crime writers got a lot of criticism for not taking | :34:01. | :34:04. | |
murder seriously making it into a parlour game, when you have the | :34:05. | :34:12. | |
books, the original Swedish title of The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo was | :34:13. | :34:21. | |
first called Why do men hate women. It was prevalent amongst the | :34:22. | :34:24. | |
establishment and in society, he thought to justify write beg it he | :34:25. | :34:28. | |
had to write about it in some detail and he had to have rape scenes in | :34:29. | :34:33. | |
the books. I don't think they are gratuitous, I think he sets enough | :34:34. | :34:36. | |
details going in the readers mind that they know what is going on. He | :34:37. | :34:40. | |
doesn't linger. The problem is when the books are adopted into films, as | :34:41. | :34:47. | |
The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo was in Swedish and American, that the | :34:48. | :34:50. | |
viewer is just hit over the head with the rape scenes. You read a lot | :34:51. | :34:55. | |
of this stuff, is it getting more violent? I think so. I do worry | :34:56. | :35:02. | |
about the normalisation of sexual violence towards women and I find it | :35:03. | :35:05. | |
very boring, because I get a flood of book which on the first page some | :35:06. | :35:11. | |
poor woman, usually a young pretty woman has something quite nasty done | :35:12. | :35:16. | |
to her. Do you come under pressure from publishers or television | :35:17. | :35:22. | |
producers? Not at all. But I have too been sent books to blurb, and | :35:23. | :35:27. | |
one sent by a publicist saying this is a really thrilling story about a | :35:28. | :35:33. | |
serial rapist terrorising the town and leaving behind him a trail of | :35:34. | :35:38. | |
tortured and mutilated women. We know you will love this book. No, | :35:39. | :35:44. | |
really, I won't love this book. I worry I suppose that new writers | :35:45. | :35:49. | |
feel that's what's going to sell. And young women writers write it too | :35:50. | :35:54. | |
because they think that's what a best-selling crime novel is going to | :35:55. | :35:59. | |
be like. I think we know that Hitchcock knew that people wanted to | :36:00. | :36:03. | |
see a blonde get stabbed in the shower not a man. But at the same | :36:04. | :36:09. | |
time when you watch the shower scene in Psycho, you don't see the knife | :36:10. | :36:15. | |
going into the body, it is the editing and cutting, it doesn't | :36:16. | :36:20. | |
linger on the face. Now Happy Valley, excellent series, but if you | :36:21. | :36:26. | |
want to get value you have to see the young police woman getting run | :36:27. | :36:30. | |
over four or five times to make an impact. You wonder how far people | :36:31. | :36:34. | |
will be able to go in the future next time they want to make an | :36:35. | :36:37. | |
impact. Do you not think the pendulum will swing back too, I get | :36:38. | :36:40. | |
that feeling with fiction and novels. I think so, in your books a | :36:41. | :36:45. | |
lot of the violence happens offstage and done very subtly. I think people | :36:46. | :36:50. | |
will try to become more ingenious in their use of violence and they won't | :36:51. | :36:55. | |
just have all guts strewn everywhere. I think the lovely crime | :36:56. | :37:01. | |
writer Bob Barnard said more than one murder in a novel was rather | :37:02. | :37:05. | |
vulgar. At the time trees, the -- Tetris, | :37:06. | :37:12. | |
the game familiar to everyone under the age of 60, if you are over 60, | :37:13. | :37:16. | |
you might learn something. It is a game developed in Russia and | :37:17. | :37:21. | |
celebrating its 30th anniversary this week. That is the equivalent of | :37:22. | :37:25. | |
two entire geological eras in the world of computing. Yet the game is | :37:26. | :37:30. | |
still available and hugely popular on mobile phones and other devices. | :37:31. | :37:35. | |
Even David Grossman hasn't been cool that long, he hasn't been off his | :37:36. | :37:41. | |
chopper bike that long. He has this report. It has been rep Tate cathed | :37:42. | :37:54. | |
on keyboards. On guitars. -- replicated on key boards, and | :37:55. | :37:58. | |
whatever this is. But the original eight bit Tetris version is the | :37:59. | :38:06. | |
Madingley catchy -- Madingley catchy like the game. I have been playing | :38:07. | :38:11. | |
for 25 years and I love it still, I feel really relaxed when I play it. | :38:12. | :38:18. | |
I'm passionate about it, it is a fantastic experience for me. So much | :38:19. | :38:23. | |
has changed since this game was brought out, not just the computer | :38:24. | :38:27. | |
graphics or the hardware, geopolitics too. Back then Russia | :38:28. | :38:31. | |
was considered a dangerous and expipingsist state. Oh, hang on... | :38:32. | :38:40. | |
The game was invented in the secret computer labs in the Moscow academy | :38:41. | :38:46. | |
of science, an adaptation of an old Russian shape puzzle. I played a lot | :38:47. | :38:51. | |
with this strange proto-type, and I can stop it myself and other people | :38:52. | :38:58. | |
in my room were asking what are you doing here. And then I let people | :38:59. | :39:04. | |
play and I realised it is not myself who is cuckoo and has something | :39:05. | :39:09. | |
wrong in the brain, because everybody who touched this game | :39:10. | :39:16. | |
couldn't stop playing either. Tetris spread via pirated floppies reaching | :39:17. | :39:21. | |
the US. Everyone who played it realised this was something | :39:22. | :39:24. | |
different, up until then video games were a scripted progression through | :39:25. | :39:29. | |
a fine night number of -- finite number of levels, and boring. Tetris | :39:30. | :39:34. | |
was different from the start because every time you played it was more | :39:35. | :39:39. | |
difficult, it was different and it was impossible to win. That is | :39:40. | :39:44. | |
probably the reason why Tetris has this enduring appeal. It is because | :39:45. | :39:49. | |
however hard you try you can't win. In the late 80s the superpowers of | :39:50. | :39:56. | |
the gaming world started a Cold War-style battle for the rights to | :39:57. | :40:02. | |
Tetris. They descended on Moscow, Atari versus Nintendo. Nintendo made | :40:03. | :40:08. | |
a video of the trip to Moscow in search of the elusive rights. Take a | :40:09. | :40:14. | |
look outside, this is Moscow. Watching a video of Hawaii, because | :40:15. | :40:21. | |
the TV doesn't work. The radio doesn't work. I have read everything | :40:22. | :40:25. | |
I could read. He was negotiating with the Soviet Ministry of | :40:26. | :40:30. | |
Software, who, he says, were pretty much clueless, he walked away with | :40:31. | :40:34. | |
the hand held and console rights. To them it was more money than they had | :40:35. | :40:38. | |
ever seen. For me it was more money than I had ever seen, we were happy | :40:39. | :40:44. | |
campers. Could you put a figure on how much it was worth to you? At the | :40:45. | :40:51. | |
end of the day, gosh, I would have to calculate, 35 million copies, it | :40:52. | :40:56. | |
would have been multiple millions of dollars. And the game still appeals, | :40:57. | :41:03. | |
now shrink wrapped in the smooth cellophane of nostalgia. There is | :41:04. | :41:07. | |
demand for the original versions on the originalens machines. It is the | :41:08. | :41:12. | |
impolicity, that modern games are very absorbing and time-consuming, | :41:13. | :41:17. | |
but something like Tetris you can pick up and play for ten minutes or | :41:18. | :41:23. | |
hours, it is an addictive game. In Tetris the World Service you up all | :41:24. | :41:28. | |
this random chaos and it is your job to put it in order and make sense of | :41:29. | :41:33. | |
it and make it neat. But time, there isn't enough time. Your successes | :41:34. | :41:40. | |
are brief, they soon disappear, all that's left is a big pile of failure | :41:41. | :41:47. | |
of dashed intentions of incomplete dreams until... You die. The Tetris | :41:48. | :41:56. | |
world is pretty bleak. There are 337 days left to the date | :41:57. | :42:01. | |
of the next election. Tomorrow we shall discover what the Government | :42:02. | :42:06. | |
plans to spend them doing. Famously much of the time with Government is | :42:07. | :42:09. | |
spent dealing with events they didn't foresee but the Queen's | :42:10. | :42:12. | |
Speech to parliament tomorrow will tell us what the coalition | :42:13. | :42:16. | |
Government would like to be doing with whatever time they have left in | :42:17. | :42:20. | |
Government. The newspapers have had plenty of suggestions, some of them | :42:21. | :42:26. | |
dressed up as impecably authoritative leaks. We have some | :42:27. | :42:29. | |
ideas about what might really happen. What will happen? The first | :42:30. | :42:33. | |
thing is it will be short, ten minutes, it will alling over by 11. | :42:34. | :42:42. | |
45, as one observer put it unless Her Majesty does a Jean Carlos on us | :42:43. | :42:46. | |
it will be forgotten by six. It is 11 bills, technical ways of | :42:47. | :42:50. | |
implementing what we have heard. The pensions reform, we have heard a lot | :42:51. | :42:54. | |
about the Dutch-style collective and the fund for that. We know there | :42:55. | :43:00. | |
will be help for landlords, that rather excruciating scene between | :43:01. | :43:03. | |
Clegg and Cable today setting out that. We know there will be an end | :43:04. | :43:10. | |
to resolving day pay-offs, where senior civil servants get a | :43:11. | :43:16. | |
redundancy pay off and come back in. And companies won't be allowed to | :43:17. | :43:20. | |
drill without asking owners' permission, this is the fracking | :43:21. | :43:24. | |
stuff. In terms of the mood it is difficult to set out all the | :43:25. | :43:27. | |
legislation so quickly after what you call mid-terms, the European | :43:28. | :43:31. | |
elections and the local elections, my reading of this is there will not | :43:32. | :43:38. | |
be a lot of red meat thrown to the Tory backbenchers, there won't be an | :43:39. | :43:44. | |
EU referendum bill or big moves on immigration curbs, or an Immigration | :43:45. | :43:47. | |
Bill, and perhaps a way of saying the Government is confident with the | :43:48. | :43:51. | |
results they have just seen. Is there likely to be anything really | :43:52. | :43:56. | |
contentious? The most controversial thing is the recall bill, a measure | :43:57. | :44:00. | |
by which constituents have the power to throw out their MP if there has | :44:01. | :44:04. | |
been serious wrongdoing. Now there was a lot of toing and freeing on | :44:05. | :44:12. | |
this, after the expenses scandal people wanted to put this mechanism | :44:13. | :44:17. | |
in. People got cold feet in the first draft the Government thought | :44:18. | :44:21. | |
they would end up with a lot of Newarks on their hands, they tried | :44:22. | :44:26. | |
to remove it, now it is back in and in, in a very loose woolly way, the | :44:27. | :44:31. | |
wording will be "my Government is committed to continue the programme | :44:32. | :44:36. | |
of reform with legislation for the recall of MPs... " there are many | :44:37. | :44:40. | |
who fear the bill in the current form won't have any teeth. I know | :44:41. | :44:45. | |
Zach Goldsmith behind this from the start will be looking very closely | :44:46. | :44:49. | |
at what is said and what is not said about recall. If all that ends up | :44:50. | :44:55. | |
being is a system whereby it goes to another part of parliament, the | :44:56. | :44:58. | |
Standards Committee for example, to decide on when there should be a | :44:59. | :45:02. | |
by-election or when somebody should be removed from office then he will | :45:03. | :45:06. | |
table an early day motion and take it to the Labour benches and say we | :45:07. | :45:10. | |
need help because the Conservatives and Liberal Democrats have failed to | :45:11. | :45:14. | |
get it through. Thank you. Tomorrow morning's front pages or some of | :45:15. | :45:16. | |
them: That's it for today. We say good | :45:17. | :46:01. | |
night with pictures from a town in Argentina that was flooded beneath | :46:02. | :46:07. | |
10ms of salt warter in 1985 but then reappeared 25 years later. The | :46:08. | :46:16. | |
director has made a film about Danny McAskall's cycle through the ruinsa | :46:17. | :46:32. | |
film about Danny McAskall's cycle through the ruins. | :46:33. | :46:59. | |
Good evening, warm and humid weather heading our way for the end of the | :47:00. | :47:08. | |
week, breaking down into thundery showers. No warmth around, spreading | :47:09. | :47:13. | |
into central and eastern Scotland through the afternoon. But Northern | :47:14. | :47:17. | |
Ireland is escaping most of the rain, largely dry here. The western | :47:18. | :47:21. | |
fringes of Scotland doing OK, but central and eastern Scotland, the | :47:22. | :47:24. | |
rain sets in through the afternoon. Here temperatures of only 12 degrees | :47:25. | :47:28. | |
moving down into northern England through the Midlands and the | :47:29. | :47:31. | |
persistence of the rain means the temperatures could struggle in | :47:32. | :47:34. | |
Birmingham and Oxford to get any higher than 11 degrees. That will | :47:35. | :47:38. | |
feel like we have slipped back a couple of months. The rain on and | :47:39. | :47:42. | |
off for much of the day here. Heading further west Devon and | :47:43. | :47:45. | |
Cornwall getting dryer and brighter through the afternoon. I think | :47:46. | :47:48. | |
across western parts of Wales the rain will begin to ease off, perhaps | :47:49. | :47:51. | |
some | :47:52. | :47:53. |