Browse content similar to 03/07/2014. Check below for episodes and series from the same categories and more!
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Tonight, a secret British plan to intervene in Syria. Newsnight can | :00:00. | :00:11. | |
reveal how the British military plan to train and arm 100,000 rebels. We | :00:12. | :00:17. | |
ask the Foreign Office minister at the time if the west missed a chance | :00:18. | :00:21. | |
to defeat Assad? A former Jihadi tells us about cells | :00:22. | :00:26. | |
of insurgents already in Baghdad, waiting to take the city. | :00:27. | :00:32. | |
I have been speaking to a man who knew the secretive leader of ISIS, | :00:33. | :00:39. | |
for on insight into how the group operates. | :00:40. | :00:45. | |
The man in charge of HS 2 sell Uso -- tells us why he and his | :00:46. | :00:50. | |
executives should be paid for than the Prime Minister. | :00:51. | :00:53. | |
Steve Smith has been to Yorkshire for a Tour de France excursion. We | :00:54. | :01:02. | |
have only just met, have you got it the right way round, what is it? My | :01:03. | :01:11. | |
bib shorts. Good evening, Britain did have a plan to intervene in | :01:12. | :01:15. | |
Syria. And a highly-developed ambitious one along with its allies. | :01:16. | :01:21. | |
Training a Syrian rebel army to defeat Assad. More than just an | :01:22. | :01:24. | |
exercise in what might have been, the blueprint for action was | :01:25. | :01:28. | |
designed at the highest levels of the military, and considered by | :01:29. | :01:33. | |
David Cameron and in Washington. Our investigations correspondent has | :01:34. | :01:39. | |
an exclusive report and contains some graphic reminders of the | :01:40. | :01:44. | |
horrors that have unfolded in Syria since 2011. | :01:45. | :01:50. | |
There were never going to be easy solutions to Syria. So much blood | :01:51. | :01:57. | |
has been spilt, and so many lives lost. In a region where the | :01:58. | :02:01. | |
credibility of the west has been shattered since the Iraq War. So it | :02:02. | :02:08. | |
wasn't difficult to see where the west chose to sit this one out. The | :02:09. | :02:12. | |
British military seemed reluctant to get involved. Or so it seemed. | :02:13. | :02:22. | |
Senior defence sources have told Newsnight that Britain did, in fact, | :02:23. | :02:26. | |
have a secret plan for intervening in Syria. It was the brainchild of | :02:27. | :02:30. | |
General David Richard, Britain's most senior officers, who told | :02:31. | :02:33. | |
Downing Street there were only two ways of ending the bloodshed | :02:34. | :02:37. | |
quickly. The first was to let Assad win, the second was to defeat him. | :02:38. | :02:45. | |
To defeat him he recommended and equipping a substantial army of | :02:46. | :02:49. | |
Syrian rebels. The plan was not without risk, but doing nothing, he | :02:50. | :02:53. | |
argued, was the worst of all options. | :02:54. | :02:59. | |
The plan was called Extract Equip Train. 100,000 Syrian rebels would | :03:00. | :03:05. | |
be vetted, recruited and taken out of the country, probably to Jordan | :03:06. | :03:09. | |
and Turkey, for training by western countries, including the UK and gulf | :03:10. | :03:15. | |
allies. Once the army was ready, after around 12 months, it would | :03:16. | :03:20. | |
march on Damascus, the army would do so under western and gulf air power, | :03:21. | :03:24. | |
a shock and awe attack that would allow the Syrians themselves to | :03:25. | :03:32. | |
defeat Assad. Amid Kate I don'ts and carnage, this offered a middle | :03:33. | :03:38. | |
ground between an insurgency, and the politically impossible notion of | :03:39. | :03:42. | |
putting western boots on the ground. A veteran of many conflict, and | :03:43. | :03:48. | |
regarded as an arch pragmatist, General Richards had a team of | :03:49. | :03:54. | |
defence analysts fleshing out his ideas. Newsnight was told the idea | :03:55. | :03:57. | |
was considered by David Cameron and also by counterparts in Washington, | :03:58. | :04:03. | |
including General Martin Demsey, America's most senior officer. Over | :04:04. | :04:06. | |
here the Attorney General was asked to consider the legalities, and the | :04:07. | :04:10. | |
plan was sent to the National Security Council, but not formally | :04:11. | :04:14. | |
discussed. Ultimately Downing Street decided not to support the idea. | :04:15. | :04:18. | |
There was a sense of exhaustion that we don't want to get involved in yet | :04:19. | :04:22. | |
another Middle East conflict coming out of Iraq and Afghanistan, this | :04:23. | :04:26. | |
was not the right time. There is an increasing scepticism in Downing | :04:27. | :04:30. | |
Street to take military advice. There has been a difference between | :04:31. | :04:33. | |
the military and the politician, I have never seen them as far apart as | :04:34. | :04:38. | |
they now seem to be. They don't disagree with each other but they | :04:39. | :04:43. | |
are on different plains in many cases. But if the Richards plan | :04:44. | :04:48. | |
sounds like an extract from the "what if" manual of | :04:49. | :04:51. | |
sounds like an extract from the history, think again, two years on | :04:52. | :04:54. | |
and the arguments are turning full circle. Direct western involvement | :04:55. | :05:02. | |
suddenly seems a possibility. Last week Barack Obama asked Congress to | :05:03. | :05:05. | |
authorise a half billion dollar programme to train an army of | :05:06. | :05:12. | |
hand-picked rebels. As newts night -- Newsnight discovered recently, | :05:13. | :05:15. | |
the President too has been on a journey. I did advocate for limited | :05:16. | :05:23. | |
but focussed action in Syria to try to vet, train and equip moderate | :05:24. | :05:27. | |
opponents of Assad. And you were overruled by the President? I was | :05:28. | :05:31. | |
overruled, in part because of the lessons from Iraq. I think President | :05:32. | :05:38. | |
Obama's present plan has echos of what was talked about in 2012, the | :05:39. | :05:42. | |
difference was in 2012 the conditions were more favourable to | :05:43. | :05:47. | |
something like this having a useful influence, if not working | :05:48. | :05:50. | |
completely. Now the plan is probably too little too late and is being | :05:51. | :05:55. | |
enacted in a situation getting worse not better. Western policy makers in | :05:56. | :05:59. | |
a sense have to have the courage to do nothing and to work on what comes | :06:00. | :06:06. | |
after that Civil War. Evidence of chemical weapons attacks in Syria | :06:07. | :06:09. | |
last year, finally persuaded David Cameron to seek Commons authority | :06:10. | :06:16. | |
for military action. He lost. Yesterday saw the final phase of an | :06:17. | :06:20. | |
operation to destroy Syria's chemical weapons. The handover has | :06:21. | :06:24. | |
been a rare success for the international community. Syria | :06:25. | :06:29. | |
remains in chaos. There is deep regret among some Syrian opposition | :06:30. | :06:33. | |
leader who wish the west had intervened long ago and are still | :06:34. | :06:38. | |
urging greater support. The international community did not | :06:39. | :06:43. | |
intervene to prevent those crimes, at the same time also did not | :06:44. | :06:49. | |
actively support the moderate elements on the ground. The huge | :06:50. | :06:57. | |
opportunity was missed and that opportunity could have saved tens of | :06:58. | :07:01. | |
thousands of lives actually, and could have saved also a huge | :07:02. | :07:10. | |
humanitarian catastrophe. In Iraq and Afghanistan, the west intervened | :07:11. | :07:14. | |
aggressively and came to regret it. In Syria, it is done doing very | :07:15. | :07:19. | |
little, the question remain, is that a lesson learned or an opportunity | :07:20. | :07:27. | |
lost. Alastair Burke was the Foreign | :07:28. | :07:30. | |
Office minister with responsibility for the Middle East between 2010 and | :07:31. | :07:37. | |
2013, and in Vienna is the adviser to the moderate opposition to | :07:38. | :07:41. | |
President Assad in Syria. Now we have only just been able to report | :07:42. | :07:46. | |
the existence of this plan this evening, but would it have been a | :07:47. | :07:50. | |
good idea to do something on such a grand scale, training and arming up | :07:51. | :07:56. | |
to 100,000 rebels? I'm not in a position to comment on the report, | :07:57. | :08:01. | |
but I think the report you have just had accurately describes the | :08:02. | :08:05. | |
difficulties of intervention or nonintervention. I think the scale | :08:06. | :08:09. | |
of what you have been reporting would undoubtedly have given the | :08:10. | :08:14. | |
Prime Minister cause for real pause. This was two or three years ago, the | :08:15. | :08:18. | |
atmosphere about Iraq and Afghanistan was even more vibrant | :08:19. | :08:22. | |
than it turned out to be in the vote in August last year, where even | :08:23. | :08:28. | |
after a chemical take parliament was not prepared to authorise support | :08:29. | :08:32. | |
for direct action. The arguments against intervention, well I know | :08:33. | :08:36. | |
they were quite strong at the beginning of the revolt in Syria. | :08:37. | :08:40. | |
Because it did not seem like the right thing to do, where as the | :08:41. | :08:44. | |
right thing to do was to support those moderates who were trying to | :08:45. | :08:47. | |
do the job themselves. Interesting, none the less, that although these | :08:48. | :08:52. | |
details are new, that the military was at least making suggestions, | :08:53. | :08:56. | |
looking at options of something on a much grander scale? Good, you would | :08:57. | :08:59. | |
expect the military to be involved, to think through what options should | :09:00. | :09:03. | |
a British Prime Minister have, and that should comprise all the options | :09:04. | :09:07. | |
from doing nothing to considering whatever action might be appropriate | :09:08. | :09:12. | |
and need to do a particular job. But in every case, and certainly we | :09:13. | :09:16. | |
learned from both Iraq and Afghanistan, getting in is far | :09:17. | :09:19. | |
easier than getting out. I would imagine had the Prime Minister even | :09:20. | :09:23. | |
considered taking that plan to the public and to parliament it would | :09:24. | :09:25. | |
have been very difficult to convince them. Now, of course, in hindsight, | :09:26. | :09:30. | |
the arguments that are being made about could something have been done | :09:31. | :09:34. | |
earlier are very stark. Because we have learned the price of | :09:35. | :09:38. | |
nonintervention, and even more so because of the decision last August | :09:39. | :09:41. | |
when it was much more clear what was happening and we could have and | :09:42. | :09:45. | |
should have done something more then. Do you think that western | :09:46. | :09:51. | |
leaders tried hard enough before we got to this terrible state of | :09:52. | :09:56. | |
affairs in Syria that continues to unfold today? Of course not we have | :09:57. | :10:01. | |
been very grateful to have all the political support from Britain and | :10:02. | :10:05. | |
France and the United States, that goes without saying, but this | :10:06. | :10:11. | |
political support was married with inaction which the Assad regime | :10:12. | :10:15. | |
correctly interpreted as a green light to keep on doing what it has | :10:16. | :10:19. | |
been doing. Which is a war on the civilian population. This is what we | :10:20. | :10:26. | |
have to remember. The initial plans to arm these so called rebels, I | :10:27. | :10:31. | |
remind you that the rebels were for the vast majority officers and | :10:32. | :10:35. | |
soldiers who had defected from the Syrian army. It would have been a | :10:36. | :10:41. | |
lot easier to make sure that they were a cohesive unit, that they had | :10:42. | :10:45. | |
their uniforms and training and that they had salaries to form a true | :10:46. | :10:50. | |
army to go and fight the Assad regime. I remind you today that the | :10:51. | :10:55. | |
Free Syrian Army, without the actual help from any of the western | :10:56. | :10:59. | |
Governments is fighting, not only the Assad regime but the extremist | :11:00. | :11:05. | |
groups of ISIS and Al-Qaeda. We have had this even without any actual | :11:06. | :11:09. | |
weapons or training, imagine what could have been done and how many | :11:10. | :11:13. | |
lives would have been saved. What kind of difference would 100,000 | :11:14. | :11:21. | |
trained troops have made? You Alone they wouldn't have made a difference | :11:22. | :11:26. | |
without the weaponry. We have to be realistic and look at the situation | :11:27. | :11:30. | |
on the ground today. The Assad regime continues to bomb every day, | :11:31. | :11:34. | |
with barrel bombs and air strikes, it is impossible to achieve anything | :11:35. | :11:39. | |
on the ground in Syria without the appropriate weapons to neutralise | :11:40. | :11:43. | |
the air force of the Assad regime. This is one thing that has to be | :11:44. | :11:47. | |
clear. Of course the training of the rebels alone wouldn't have been | :11:48. | :11:49. | |
enough. What the Syrian opposition has been asking for, repeatedly, for | :11:50. | :11:54. | |
the past three years the right to defend itself and defend the people | :11:55. | :12:00. | |
of Syria. Weir' not asking for... . You worked very hard as a minister | :12:01. | :12:04. | |
on this, you travelled around the world trying to knit together some | :12:05. | :12:09. | |
kind of action. As you see now insurgency from Syria spilling over | :12:10. | :12:12. | |
in a terrible way to Iraq, is it matter of regret to you that we did | :12:13. | :12:20. | |
not do much more then? If it was a plan to intervene three years ago, | :12:21. | :12:24. | |
you would have had me in the studio night after night asking why is | :12:25. | :12:27. | |
Britain intervening, now it is clear. Nonintervention is as much a | :12:28. | :12:32. | |
decision as intervention. We can see the consequences. What we now have | :12:33. | :12:38. | |
to do is find those moderate FSA fighters, they are fight ISIS as | :12:39. | :12:44. | |
well Ascarate sad. We should give -- as Assad. But it is a long way from | :12:45. | :12:50. | |
the sort of intervention that we led the programme with. | :12:51. | :12:55. | |
The rapid and brutal advances of Sunni insurgents in Iraq took the | :12:56. | :12:58. | |
Government there by surprise. ISIS, who have now declared an Islamic | :12:59. | :13:03. | |
state in the areas they have seized appeared not just suddenly, but well | :13:04. | :13:07. | |
armed and well organised. Tonight we can reveal just how well prepared | :13:08. | :13:12. | |
they were, with a network of safe houses, precisely designed plans for | :13:13. | :13:17. | |
their attacks, and how they intend to proceed to Baghdad. We have been | :13:18. | :13:23. | |
speaking to a former Jihadist who has been advising the Government. | :13:24. | :13:31. | |
Today the Iraqi Government said there were up to 2,500 members of | :13:32. | :13:35. | |
what they called sleeper cells, ISIS militants already in and around the | :13:36. | :13:39. | |
capital, waiting for the word from their leader to begin an assault on | :13:40. | :13:44. | |
Baghdad. Thatalies with some of what our colleagues in the north in | :13:45. | :13:48. | |
Kurdistan have been hearing from Kurdish intelligence, italies with | :13:49. | :13:55. | |
what I have been hearing -- tallies with an interview I had a little | :13:56. | :13:59. | |
later. That is part of ISIS's tactic, to spread fear and | :14:00. | :14:02. | |
confusion, the Government says it has arrested some of the cells, we | :14:03. | :14:08. | |
have also heard reports of Shia militia allied to the Government and | :14:09. | :14:11. | |
going around and arresting them and some of whom disappear. Very little | :14:12. | :14:19. | |
is known about Abu Baka Baghdadi, the man who leads ISIS. I met a man | :14:20. | :14:23. | |
who can give insight, a senior adviser to the Government, a former | :14:24. | :14:27. | |
militant himself, who has given up the path of Jihad. He has been given | :14:28. | :14:33. | |
access to some very high-level Iraqi intelligence on ISIS, he has been | :14:34. | :14:38. | |
sharing his I re insights. In Baghdad they are waiting for what | :14:39. | :14:42. | |
they call zero hour, when ISIS sleeper cells will try to take | :14:43. | :14:47. | |
control of the city. The group's leader is known as "the invisible | :14:48. | :14:53. | |
Sheikh". Only two confirmed photographs of him exist. We have | :14:54. | :14:58. | |
spoken to man who says they knew him when they were both religious | :14:59. | :15:01. | |
scolars in the 1990s. ISIS has enjoyed a spectacular and | :15:02. | :15:56. | |
rapid rise to dominance. As it swept through the city of Mosul last | :15:57. | :15:59. | |
month, the army simply through the city of Mosul last | :16:00. | :16:04. | |
Just days before they were driven out of the city, Iraqi security | :16:05. | :16:09. | |
forces unearthed some crucial out of the city, Iraqi security | :16:10. | :16:14. | |
information. During a raid on a safe house they seized a number of | :16:15. | :16:14. | |
computer memory sticks containing house they seized a number of | :16:15. | :16:17. | |
treasure trove of information on the house they seized a number of | :16:18. | :16:19. | |
group's organisation and assets. There has been a study of the data | :16:20. | :16:26. | |
and a meticulous inventory of weapons and fighters. | :16:27. | :16:45. | |
You have seen the contents of these memory sticks, what was the most | :16:46. | :16:57. | |
valuable information? The leader of ISIS now has his sites | :16:58. | :18:04. | |
on the capital. It is estimated ISIS has put in place hundreds of sleeper | :18:05. | :18:08. | |
cells in the belt around Baghdad, with more inside the city itself. | :18:09. | :18:12. | |
They are waiting for a sign, he says, "zero hour". | :18:13. | :18:42. | |
Just like they did in Mosul? Yes. With revenue streams from smuggled | :18:43. | :18:53. | |
antiquities, to gun running, to captured oil wells, the ISIS leader | :18:54. | :18:59. | |
no longer has to rely on foreign money, it is morphing into a | :19:00. | :19:08. | |
conventional army. To the horror of the English | :19:09. | :19:57. | |
shiress, tracks will be ploughed through the English countryside to | :19:58. | :20:01. | |
knock 20 minutes or so off the journey from London to Birmingham. | :20:02. | :20:06. | |
And in an attempt to spread the wealth from the south to the rest of | :20:07. | :20:10. | |
the country. On top of the enormous price tag, the boss of the project | :20:11. | :20:14. | |
told Newsnight he's asking the Government for permission to pay his | :20:15. | :20:21. | |
top executives top dollar too. Expensive, late, overcrowded, the | :20:22. | :20:26. | |
complaints are familiar. Even though three million of us use a train | :20:27. | :20:31. | |
every single day. There have been shiny upgrades to station, attempts | :20:32. | :20:35. | |
to deal with demand, but as more of us want to travel this way, space is | :20:36. | :20:44. | |
running out. HS2 is meant to be the big solution, but protests, | :20:45. | :20:48. | |
petitions and a ?50 billion price tag stand in its way. MPs have | :20:49. | :20:53. | |
signed off the superfast link between London and Birmingham for | :20:54. | :20:56. | |
now. The group that wants to build it today feels confident enough to | :20:57. | :21:00. | |
start discussing the actual design. But can it be worth it? I asked the | :21:01. | :21:05. | |
man who has the job of making sure it is. Today you are starting a | :21:06. | :21:11. | |
discussion about the design, but are you confident that in 100 years time | :21:12. | :21:15. | |
people will be looking at HS2 in the way we sit here and look at the | :21:16. | :21:19. | |
grand surroundings, is there that kind of vision? We are very | :21:20. | :21:23. | |
privileged in St Pancras, it is a masterpiece, as is King's Cross | :21:24. | :21:26. | |
which blends old and new. What today is all about with the design panel, | :21:27. | :21:30. | |
is having that discussion, how do we get the project to stand the test of | :21:31. | :21:34. | |
time. That is the real challenge. The problem with that is it comes | :21:35. | :21:40. | |
with a very hefty price tag, can you guarantee the project won't go over | :21:41. | :21:44. | |
budget? I can't guarantee anything personally what I can do is put in | :21:45. | :21:47. | |
place the decision-making process and the right people to make sure we | :21:48. | :21:52. | |
make the right decisions and we can properly and adequately manage the | :21:53. | :21:56. | |
budget. When members of the public hear it might cost as much as ?50 | :21:57. | :22:00. | |
billion and you can't guarantee it won't be more than that, there is a | :22:01. | :22:03. | |
real fear that people are being asked to sign up to a blank cheque | :22:04. | :22:08. | |
to a project that won't deliver for several decades? Projects take a | :22:09. | :22:12. | |
long time. But the most important thing is to understand why you are | :22:13. | :22:16. | |
doing it and stick to the vision. Why are you doing it? Why is it | :22:17. | :22:20. | |
worth that price tag? It is nothing about railways, and it is nothing | :22:21. | :22:24. | |
about trains. It is nothing about trains? It is nothing about trains, | :22:25. | :22:28. | |
it is all about people, it is about what we are seeing is a growing | :22:29. | :22:34. | |
disparity in wealth and jobs and opportunities between a city in | :22:35. | :22:37. | |
London which is globally competitive and separating away from the rest of | :22:38. | :22:41. | |
the UK. Ten million more people come into the UK in the next 20 years, a | :22:42. | :22:46. | |
million new homes in London, it is feeding a beast. Because this is | :22:47. | :22:50. | |
where all the best jobs are. You can't keep doing that because London | :22:51. | :22:53. | |
will never be the London we want it to be, if that pressure cooker | :22:54. | :22:57. | |
environment continues. So this new railway, the first one in 100 years, | :22:58. | :23:03. | |
north of London, will then allow business and wealth to distribute | :23:04. | :23:06. | |
across a nation. You know as well as I do the evidence on that is | :23:07. | :23:12. | |
decidedly mixed. Some economists believe HS2 would spread health | :23:13. | :23:16. | |
around the country, some believe the opposite. It would suck it all into | :23:17. | :23:21. | |
London? It will do both, make motoring of the north accessible for | :23:22. | :23:26. | |
commuters, there is no doubt about it, but it will also facilitate | :23:27. | :23:35. | |
businesses moving north. Do you ever get up of grumpy bits being a bit | :23:36. | :23:40. | |
glass half empty about this? No, I believe we constantly have to make | :23:41. | :23:45. | |
the case. The Olympics were seen as overbudget, irrelevant and a | :23:46. | :23:48. | |
complete waste of public money. And right up to a few weeks before the | :23:49. | :23:52. | |
games. And the first three or four years constant criticism in the | :23:53. | :23:56. | |
press. In the end everyone was very proud of what the UK could do. Do | :23:57. | :23:59. | |
you get fed up with politicians appearing to be a bit uncertain | :24:00. | :24:04. | |
about backing HS2, they appear to be rather fond of, not quite changing | :24:05. | :24:08. | |
their mind, but blowing hot and cold? We have to win both public | :24:09. | :24:13. | |
acceptance and acceptance of both parties. I have been consistently | :24:14. | :24:18. | |
saying we don't work for one particular party we are here to | :24:19. | :24:21. | |
convince parliament. How much would you pay to get the right people on | :24:22. | :24:27. | |
the project? The worst money you can save is skimping on hiring the best | :24:28. | :24:31. | |
people. I'm determined we hire the west people. We can't pay over the | :24:32. | :24:36. | |
odds we can't even pay what the private sector can pay, there is | :24:37. | :24:41. | |
some attraction in working on the biggest infrastructure in the | :24:42. | :24:43. | |
country. We have to have the flexibility to hire the right people | :24:44. | :24:48. | |
now, rather than when it gets into trouble in years to come. As a | :24:49. | :24:52. | |
public sector project you will have to ask permission from the | :24:53. | :24:55. | |
Government to employ people from those kinds of salaries? That is | :24:56. | :25:00. | |
right. We are hiring project people who will be held accountable for | :25:01. | :25:04. | |
their performance, Thesee don't per-- if they don't perform they | :25:05. | :25:11. | |
will go. They will not be on long-term tenure, if they survive it | :25:12. | :25:16. | |
will be on performance. How much are you going to pay them? You are | :25:17. | :25:20. | |
talking at senior level people above the Prime Minister's salary. In the | :25:21. | :25:25. | |
next six months we neat 20-30 of these at least to do a project of | :25:26. | :25:30. | |
this size. Just out of interest, you commute on the train every day as I | :25:31. | :25:34. | |
understand it, do you get much work done on the train? I come in on | :25:35. | :25:37. | |
western line, I think what was recorded as the most coned train in | :25:38. | :25:42. | |
the UK. Why is that? That is because CrossRail is 20 years late. That is | :25:43. | :25:48. | |
because at the crucial times people blinked and decided it wasn't value | :25:49. | :25:52. | |
for money and we are desperately trying to deliver it. Every time we | :25:53. | :25:57. | |
go on the central line and get hot and bothered it reminds us to make | :25:58. | :26:05. | |
the decisions at the right time. Even the biggest companies in the | :26:06. | :26:08. | |
world don't have the power to protect themselves of scandal. Not | :26:09. | :26:12. | |
least when they are accused by one of the biggest companies countries | :26:13. | :26:22. | |
in the world. GlaxoSmithKline are finding themselves in a lot of | :26:23. | :26:25. | |
trouble after allegations were laid at the door of the Chinese arm. We | :26:26. | :26:30. | |
have uncovered some of the trail of e-mails that has put GSK under such | :26:31. | :26:41. | |
pressure. GlaxoSmithKline is one of Britain's | :26:42. | :26:46. | |
biggest companies, and a major pharmaceutical player worldwide. In | :26:47. | :26:49. | |
January last year executives in London began receiving a series of | :26:50. | :26:53. | |
anonymous e-mail about its Chinese operations. Now its China boss faces | :26:54. | :26:59. | |
the threat of prison and a sex tape scandal and London faces questions | :27:00. | :27:04. | |
about GSK's very survival in the Chinese market. | :27:05. | :27:13. | |
The e-mails were sent from someone called "GSK whistleblower", this | :27:14. | :27:19. | |
person alleges in hospitals across China GSK bribed doctors and | :27:20. | :27:21. | |
managers to buy their drugs, and to buy them at inflated prices. They | :27:22. | :27:27. | |
alleged that GSK used travel agents to pay bribes. Chinese police | :27:28. | :27:33. | |
believe they may total ?300 million. It seems the whistleblower had the | :27:34. | :27:40. | |
ear of the Chinese authorities. The British chief of the GSK's China | :27:41. | :27:46. | |
operation, Mark Rielly has been detained, along with several | :27:47. | :27:49. | |
colleagues. Their fate unknown. British companies are subject to the | :27:50. | :27:52. | |
bribingry act and Chinese legislation. As I mentioned foreign | :27:53. | :27:57. | |
companies don't benefit from cover, they don't benefit from connections, | :27:58. | :28:02. | |
they rarely, if ever will have that sort of thing to protect them. They | :28:03. | :28:09. | |
are exposed. GIENDing the identity of the -- finding the identity of | :28:10. | :28:14. | |
the GSK whistleblower became a priority for GSK. We managed to get | :28:15. | :28:19. | |
hold of some of the e-mails. It appears to be a person with a solid | :28:20. | :28:24. | |
grasp of English and the GSK operation. They are striking in | :28:25. | :28:28. | |
their detail. The e-mails alleged that GSK China was running a | :28:29. | :28:32. | |
pevasive cash advance bribery scheme, they said the sales | :28:33. | :28:36. | |
personnel identified key decision makers, they attempt to build a | :28:37. | :28:39. | |
relationship with that decision maker, first taking the person to | :28:40. | :28:44. | |
expensive lunches and dinners, and then giving them nice gifts. When | :28:45. | :28:48. | |
the relationship has been established and both sides trust | :28:49. | :28:52. | |
each other the cells' employees will start to give doctors cash to win | :28:53. | :28:59. | |
business. Payment, it is alleged can come in other forms, foreign | :29:00. | :29:05. | |
holidays disguised as conferences. But perhaps the most damning | :29:06. | :29:08. | |
allegation in all of these e-mails is one sent on January 16th 2013. | :29:09. | :29:17. | |
Bribery, in some form, is involved in almost every sale that GSK makes | :29:18. | :29:26. | |
in chine. -- China. In response we have this statement from GSK: | :29:27. | :29:57. | |
In April 2013 GSK China hired a local private investigator, a former | :29:58. | :30:06. | |
Reuters journalist, called Peter Humphrey, to try to find the | :30:07. | :30:11. | |
whistleblower. Glaxo briefed Humphrey that they suspected it was | :30:12. | :30:15. | |
a former Glaxo executive who had left the company in 2012. Humphrey | :30:16. | :30:21. | |
suspected her too and focussed his inquiries on her but found no hard | :30:22. | :30:25. | |
evidence. All our attempts to contact her have failed. But she has | :30:26. | :30:31. | |
denied being the whistleblower. Within days of Humphrey delivering | :30:32. | :30:38. | |
his report on Shu, he and his wife were arrested. They were put on | :30:39. | :30:44. | |
Chinese state television, their faces blurred and Peter made what | :30:45. | :30:50. | |
was purportedly a confession. They are to have be charged on charges of | :30:51. | :30:56. | |
breaking privacy. I think both are held in small cell, about the size | :30:57. | :31:02. | |
of the kitchen over there. And each cell consists of seven to eight | :31:03. | :31:08. | |
inmates. Through the consulate. Peter's son Harvey hasn't seen his | :31:09. | :31:12. | |
parents for a year. He his they have been left high and dry and in the | :31:13. | :31:16. | |
meantime his father, especially, is suffering. | :31:17. | :31:21. | |
Both mental and physical health have taken a huge downturn. But now he | :31:22. | :31:26. | |
has been kept in such a cramped condition for so long his arthritis | :31:27. | :31:32. | |
has gotten a lot worse and he's suffering from major mental | :31:33. | :31:37. | |
condition such as memory loss, sleep deprivation. Peter Humphrey's office | :31:38. | :31:43. | |
in Shanghai has been closed down. We managed to locate an e-mail, which | :31:44. | :31:48. | |
he wrote after he had finally seen the GcmK whistleblower e-mails with | :31:49. | :31:52. | |
his own eyes. What he had been told was a smear campaign he now believes | :31:53. | :31:57. | |
it was the truth. But nothing yet has been proved. And | :31:58. | :32:15. | |
GSK does seem to be the target of attempts to discredit the company. | :32:16. | :32:21. | |
This flat belongs to Mark Rielly, someone hit a camera in his bedroom, | :32:22. | :32:26. | |
filming him and his partner having sex and then sent the film to | :32:27. | :32:31. | |
company HQ in London. But it is the corruption allegations that will | :32:32. | :32:36. | |
most trouble the board in the UK. Some reports suggest GSK's license | :32:37. | :32:40. | |
to operate in China may be under threat. GSK's chief executive faces | :32:41. | :32:45. | |
something of a crisis in the country. Prosecutors are preparing a | :32:46. | :32:52. | |
case against Mark Rielly and other senior executives, they could face | :32:53. | :32:58. | |
years in prison, here in London the Serious Fraud Office has opened up | :32:59. | :33:07. | |
an investigation into GSK and in Washington the state department is | :33:08. | :33:10. | |
asking questions. The company is in trouble, China is one of the | :33:11. | :33:16. | |
fastest-growing markets for pharmaceuticals, but for GSK China | :33:17. | :33:22. | |
is the biggest headache. Not cop tent with cycling smiles and smiles | :33:23. | :33:30. | |
throughout the alps, with lycra burn and God knows what else. The | :33:31. | :33:36. | |
competitors in the Tour de France decided this year going up and down | :33:37. | :33:41. | |
the Yorkshire Dales would make it more special. The Opening Ceremony | :33:42. | :33:45. | |
was there this evening, and Smith no stranger to cycling shorts himself, | :33:46. | :33:49. | |
went earlier this week to have a go at the course. | :33:50. | :34:07. | |
The excitement is amazing, people are getting into it. Every single | :34:08. | :34:12. | |
house on the roof had a bike stuck to the fends and ban -- fence and | :34:13. | :34:19. | |
banners everywhere. And pork pies in the shape of Bradley Wiggins side | :34:20. | :34:25. | |
burns. I would love to try one of those. Everyone is getting in the | :34:26. | :34:32. | |
mood for the Tour de France Yorkshire, or bikes and tights for | :34:33. | :34:38. | |
short. It is a great national event of France coming to Yorkshire, one | :34:39. | :34:44. | |
noted for its cuisine and people who can be a bit chauvinist, and the | :34:45. | :34:47. | |
other is France. We have only just met, this is Indian Wells mit, but | :34:48. | :34:50. | |
have you got it on the right way around? Yeah, yeah. What is it | :34:51. | :34:59. | |
exactly? My bib and shorts, fastening everything together. I | :35:00. | :35:04. | |
couldn't help but notice you applying something to legs? It is | :35:05. | :35:06. | |
lubrication to loosen the legs applying something to legs? It is | :35:07. | :35:12. | |
before the start. What has happened to cycling in the past few years, | :35:13. | :35:16. | |
are we right in I think it has enjoyed something of a boom? Yeah, | :35:17. | :35:20. | |
it is exploding I would say. We started at our club two years ago | :35:21. | :35:32. | |
and it has grown to 170 mens members in two years. It is great. My young | :35:33. | :35:37. | |
lad has started racing and a bike of ?300 has got him into racing and | :35:38. | :35:42. | |
last him two or three years. Maybe not ?4. # 9 for a football, but it | :35:43. | :35:46. | |
is not the most expensive sport in the world. We have been on the | :35:47. | :35:52. | |
lookout for like where widows whose husbands spent their weekends packed | :35:53. | :35:59. | |
into tight clothes and cycling. Not my husband. Chance would be a fine | :36:00. | :36:12. | |
thing? Yes! Robinson wins a stage in the Tour de France, something no | :36:13. | :36:19. | |
British rider has done before. It is almost 60 years since Bryan Robinson | :36:20. | :36:24. | |
became the first Brit to finish the tour. Now 83 he still gets on his | :36:25. | :36:28. | |
bike. Nowadays he fires up an electric motor for the steep bits | :36:29. | :36:32. | |
around his home outside Huddersfield. It isn't a poor man's | :36:33. | :36:38. | |
sport any longer. When I came into it you bought a secondhand bike or | :36:39. | :36:42. | |
you managed to get a new frame and put the secondhand bits on it. You | :36:43. | :36:45. | |
just had the one bike really. And when you went to race you took the | :36:46. | :36:51. | |
mud guards off, raced and put them back on again and came home. It is a | :36:52. | :36:56. | |
lot different. Going to my grandson's garage now and he has a | :36:57. | :37:00. | |
bike for this day and that day, he's amazing, and clothing galore. And | :37:01. | :37:08. | |
that clothing is worth millions. This is called a Shammy! Not only | :37:09. | :37:15. | |
the one-piece racers with intergrel cod piece, but also this cunningly | :37:16. | :37:20. | |
adapted work jacket for the cyclist on his way to the meeting. Is this | :37:21. | :37:30. | |
firm catering to the called "mammals", middle-aged men in lycra. | :37:31. | :37:37. | |
There is a new group of people coming to the sport. It is viewed in | :37:38. | :37:42. | |
isolation, it is a little bit reductive, because cycling in the UK | :37:43. | :37:46. | |
has a history going back 150 years, it started as a mode of | :37:47. | :37:51. | |
transportation that was then popularised. It just feels like we | :37:52. | :37:56. | |
have had since the early 1990s almost a re-focus on the athletic | :37:57. | :38:01. | |
side of the sport. Writer Tim kitted out like an old time continental | :38:02. | :38:07. | |
racer, and bottles for water and red wine. Hello, handsome beast, talking | :38:08. | :38:16. | |
about the bike of course! Underneath the wool jersey he's all mammal! It | :38:17. | :38:21. | |
could be a lot worse, in terms of mid-life crisis, the more | :38:22. | :38:24. | |
traditional demonstration of it mid-life crisis, the more | :38:25. | :38:27. | |
would not be good for your health and look more silly. You mean a red | :38:28. | :38:32. | |
sports car and younger wife and that kind of thing? Very much, dying the | :38:33. | :38:41. | |
hair and adopting idiotic fashion, as opposed to this. On the eve of | :38:42. | :38:46. | |
the tour coming to Yorkshire, it is a departure for the old race and for | :38:47. | :38:51. | |
onlookers of a certain age, a big moment in their life cycle. | :38:52. | :38:58. | |
We have a guest presenter of the Cycle Show, otherwise known as Lady | :38:59. | :39:09. | |
Velo, and Daniel Nolls has talked about the psychology behind it. We | :39:10. | :39:15. | |
are seeing a boom or a buzz around cycling. What is it really all | :39:16. | :39:19. | |
about. Has it got a bit of an image problem if it is all middle-aged | :39:20. | :39:25. | |
lycra house? There is a real thing in British cycling, and there has | :39:26. | :39:28. | |
been a growth in the number of people cycling. But if you dig down | :39:29. | :39:35. | |
deep into it you have middle-aged white men well off. If you look at | :39:36. | :39:40. | |
where people cycle it is where they live, Cambridge, Hackney, that, | :39:41. | :39:45. | |
yeah, that I think adds to a sort of image problem. Is it a problem | :39:46. | :39:50. | |
because some people, myself cycling in London, you sometimes see people | :39:51. | :39:56. | |
behaving pretty badly. Boarish people cutting people up, scaring | :39:57. | :40:01. | |
grannies on pavements, has the culture become too aggressive? You | :40:02. | :40:05. | |
see a lot of people in the morning. I cycle to work, you see 20-minute | :40:06. | :40:14. | |
cycle work in full lycra gear, cycling shoes on. Every traffic is a | :40:15. | :40:20. | |
pitstop to charge away. It is unsettling for people who just want | :40:21. | :40:26. | |
to cycle to work. Is that fair, you are fond of your bike? I am fond of | :40:27. | :40:31. | |
my bike, I don't think that is a fair representation of the cycling | :40:32. | :40:34. | |
demographic and culture in Britain at all. I appreciate what you are | :40:35. | :40:42. | |
saying about called "mamales" middle-aged men in lycra, and they | :40:43. | :40:47. | |
might be the ones cycling, I would be the antithesis of that with the | :40:48. | :40:53. | |
cycling that I do. But on the other side I have a road bike so I'm | :40:54. | :40:58. | |
getting into road cycling. It is such a complex mix, it is such a | :40:59. | :41:01. | |
diverse mix of cyclists within Britain, there is so many different | :41:02. | :41:05. | |
scenes as well, I appreciate what you are saying about it being | :41:06. | :41:15. | |
aggressive. I think is this a cycling scene, people say the | :41:16. | :41:17. | |
cyclist. The scene, it is a fashion | :41:18. | :41:21. | |
statement? In a lot of countries we ought to emulate, Holland and | :41:22. | :41:25. | |
Denmark, places where a lot of people cycling, cycling isn't | :41:26. | :41:29. | |
something that you are, it is just what you do. You wouldn't say that | :41:30. | :41:34. | |
you are a trained commuter if you get the train to work. We have this | :41:35. | :41:39. | |
thing with cycling. I'm all for recreational cycling but it clouds | :41:40. | :41:43. | |
out the getting around aspect of thing. If there is a cycling scene, | :41:44. | :41:48. | |
whether there is a East London or whether it is Charlton in Manchester | :41:49. | :41:53. | |
or Cambridge. It is about something else, it is about making a personal | :41:54. | :42:00. | |
statement, not just getting from A-to-B, is it not just weird? Not at | :42:01. | :42:08. | |
all, I don't seem to think there has to be different sets and scenes, | :42:09. | :42:11. | |
then it is devisive and talking about it in that sense, you are the | :42:12. | :42:18. | |
roady or the MTB or computer. What is an MTB? The mountain bike! We all | :42:19. | :42:25. | |
learned something here. It should be inclusive and we should encourage | :42:26. | :42:31. | |
people to cycle and embrace it. My personal opinion is cycling is | :42:32. | :42:37. | |
growing in Britain. And the Olympic legacy will have motivated people | :42:38. | :42:41. | |
and it is aspirational seeing that. Is it being captured by the | :42:42. | :42:47. | |
middle-aged man spending more than ?1,000 on a bike. It is like golf, | :42:48. | :42:56. | |
if you want to buy a bicycle in some countries it is hard to get hold of | :42:57. | :42:59. | |
a decent second hand one. There are places we have a cycling culture | :43:00. | :43:03. | |
that work, Cambridge is one of these places. A lot of the country it is | :43:04. | :43:08. | |
this niche thing and expensive. Why say it is difficult to get a hold of | :43:09. | :43:13. | |
a decent secondhand bike, or there are safes available to you even if | :43:14. | :43:23. | |
you wanted to get a decent bike. Will you cycle home? I am actually! | :43:24. | :43:28. | |
Thank you both very much indeed. Time for a look at the papers, the | :43:29. | :43:32. | |
front page of the Telegraph tomorrow: | :43:33. | :43:54. | |
That's it for the front pages. Finally, 50 years ago some BEEP-er | :43:55. | :44:04. | |
decided they had the God given right to BEEP everything up for people | :44:05. | :44:09. | |
like me who just wanted to make decent, interesting -- TV, they were | :44:10. | :44:15. | |
worried about upsetting the kids at home little BEEP-eres, so they came | :44:16. | :44:22. | |
up with the ideas of the watershed, before 9.00 you got super BEEP like | :44:23. | :44:32. | |
quiz shows swearing no sex. After 9.00 you can get BEEP more, we are | :44:33. | :44:37. | |
well after the watershed, before you complain. Here is a pile of the good | :44:38. | :44:41. | |
stuff the TV police didn't want you to see. It is by today's standards | :44:42. | :44:51. | |
weak, so don't be BEEP-ing offended. We saw a programme at 6. 35 and it | :44:52. | :44:59. | |
was the dirtiest programme. You dirty Fukofuka-er. What a BEEP-er | :45:00. | :45:04. | |
rotter. It was the hottest day of the year | :45:05. | :45:29. | |
so far in the south-east corner, it looks as if we could see a similar | :45:30. | :45:34. | |
story for Friday, sunshine and different story for the west. Cloud, | :45:35. | :45:39. | |
rain and wind gathers, and some of that rain tense as it pushings in | :45:40. | :45:47. | |
across the western side of Scotland. 16 or 17 degrees the high, it will | :45:48. | :45:51. | |
feel disappointing, heavier pulses of rain across the Lake District as | :45:52. | :45:56. | |
well, clouding over the north of England into the Midland. East | :45:57. | :45:59. | |
Anglia, much of the south-east corner could see temperatures into | :46:00. | :46:05. | |
the high 20s, that is the low 80s Fahrenheit. A promising day. As we | :46:06. | :46:10. | |
push to the west of the Isle of Wight, across to Devon, the cloud, | :46:11. | :46:13. | |
rain and wind remain a | :46:14. | :46:14. |