24/02/2016 Newsnight


24/02/2016

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The French threaten to drive out the migrants from their huge encampment

:00:09.:00:11.

at Calais. Where will they go? If other EU countries

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won't allow these people in, does that mean the European

:00:21.:00:22.

principle of open borders This Conservative former

:00:23.:00:24.

Police Minister says it's all proof As the Rotherham abuse scandal

:00:25.:00:31.

ends in six convictions, are the authorities also

:00:32.:00:36.

guilty of not having taken For the survivors,

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it's a day of justice. Today is the day that the world

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knows that they were always We'll ask the prosecutor

:00:42.:00:44.

and the local MP who was at fault. Also tonight, Donald

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Trump keeps winning. We won with poorly-educated -

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I love the poorly-educated. Can anything stop him,

:00:56.:01:05.

the ultimate outsider, from capturing the Republican

:01:06.:01:07.

party nomination? And what does American

:01:08.:01:15.

feminist Gloria Steinem make Do you think that Hillary Clinton

:01:16.:01:19.

is in trouble with this nomination? I mean, we are mostly raised

:01:20.:01:24.

by women and we associate And I think that is especially hard

:01:25.:01:29.

for many men. On the one hand, it's just

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one contest of many - the primaries of the American

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presidential election On the other hand,

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it is perhaps the moment. The moment at which all

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the doubters, all the commentators and, yes, America itself,

:01:56.:01:57.

is starting to accept that Donald Trump may have just landed

:01:58.:02:00.

himself in pole position to be the definitive Republican

:02:01.:02:05.

Presidential nominee. Has he seen off all of his

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contenders? Not quite but it's becoming increasingly hard to see

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how it could be anyone but him. Here is Emily Maitlis.

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He was meant to be the noisy one, the candidate that everyone loved

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to talk about, that then went quietly

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We won with poorly-educated - I love the poorly-educated!

:02:29.:02:41.

Nevada makes three wins in a row for Donald Trump,

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after New Hampshire and South Carolina.

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He won last night by a margin of 22%, a whopping 45.9%

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And whilst the Republican establishment have been waiting

:02:53.:02:58.

for him to disappear in a puff of smoke,

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many are starting to understand he's now looking like he may take

:03:02.:03:04.

the race all the way to the White House.

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At this point, it will be surprising if anybody but Trump wins more

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He has a fair to good shot in almost every state that is voting.

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He is not likely to win them all, but he is likely to win

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So, Super Tuesday could be the next in his string of victories.

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In second and third place were Marco Rubio,

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the Florida senator on 24%, and the Texas senator,

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This, you see, is where things get confusing.

:03:35.:03:42.

The field may have narrowed, there is no longer a Jeb

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Bush in the race or a Chris Christie, but their votes don't

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appear to be going to more a mainstream candidate.

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They are, in other words, tussling with each other,

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And, increasingly, it is not just about sentiment or vocal support,

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it is about the maths and that is where things get tricky.

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Trump has the lion's share of delegates from the first four

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On Super Tuesday the 11 states in play will divide those delegates

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Trump is believed to only be at risk of losing two

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Super Tuesday states, Arkansas and Texas.

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With Ted Cruz, that evangelist ideologue leading, if Trump comes

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If Cruz can't win his home state of Texas,

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you can pretty much consider it game over for him.

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Perhaps the curious thing is this: Donald Trump has

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morphed himself from a political insider, who was cosy

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with the establishment, into an unofficial defender

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He tells desperate people what they want to hear,

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Sadly, we are in a post-factual era, facts don't matter as much

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You can say pretty much anything you want and if there

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is a controversy, you create another one

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It takes someone who really understands the media,

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and particularly social media, to do what Trump has done.

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It's amazing and more than a little frightening.

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As any long-term watcher of the US election cycle will tell you,

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a candidate doesn't have to believe what they say at this,

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the primary stage of the race, they have to make sure there is enough

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room for manoeuvre to take it to the country as a whole.

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With me now are Ken Adelman, who has served in several Republican

:05:45.:05:47.

administrations and was a close adviser to Ronald Reagan.

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And Chris Henick who was an adviser to President George W Bush.

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Ken Adelman, I will start with you. This man has energised a lot of

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people, he has romped through the primaries, what is not like? What is

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not to like is what he says. Is not pleasant strain in American history

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of the know nothing strain, we saw it with Huey Long and George Wallace

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and we see it from time to time and it appears to all of the worst

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instincts in the American character. Hate the foreigner, unit, just have

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a prejudice against individuals. Tell people how much they are

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suffering and they don't even realise how much they are suffering

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and it's those stupid people in Washington, the jerks who are

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selling them down the river. It's kind of a modern version, or a

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Democratic version, of the stab in the back we saw in World War II,

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World War I. Chris Henick, presumably you don't

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buy that? For people on the side of the Atlantic who may have concluded

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he is a buffoon, what would you say is the substance to the man? Frankly

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the supposition before yesterday was that Donald Trump had a ceiling of

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roughly 30, 30 2%, but as your story just said he completely blew through

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that -- 32%. From my perspective it's less about the candidate and

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his voters and what they are trying to tell us. If you look at the

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invisible primary where the dual issue of trade and unfair trade as

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well as illegal immigration, all of the exit polls show just the

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opposite. They shared national security, the economy, as well as

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government spending. All of those were up around 30% in all three

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states we have had, and immigration is coming in at 10% in South

:07:49.:07:54.

Carolina, 12% in New Hampshire. A lot of this is new. To see exactly

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what the social and great economic divide is in America right now, its

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families under $1000 in income, they are trying to send Washington a

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signal, over six out of ten voters voted for a nonpolitician, so just

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the opposite is what the Republican primary voters are telling us. Chris

:08:19.:08:22.

Henick, do you think he can have a similarly energising effect on the

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right to the one that Barack Obama had in terms of getting people to

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the polls who would not normally go? The only similarity I see right now

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is how well he is looking in demographics. Blessed are the

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educated, or whatever, he's going through all of those segmentation is

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in polling and seeing how well he's doing. Somewhat similar to what

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Barack Obama did in history election, a demographic and pain and

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less geographic. For now, from a political science standpoint it's

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pretty fascinating to see how he is running in the tables. We have a big

:09:00.:09:07.

day next Tuesday, 567 delegates, there is still a sense in Texas,

:09:08.:09:13.

where Texas omitted Ted Cruz is on the ballot and Marco Rubio coming up

:09:14.:09:18.

in Florida on March 15. Both of those candidates want to have a long

:09:19.:09:22.

run with Trump but they are let to have their advantage -- yet to have

:09:23.:09:28.

their advantage. The Republican party has had

:09:29.:09:32.

challenges over the recent years, the tea party and the radicalisation

:09:33.:09:37.

of the party by the tea party. Does Trump mark a new stage in this? Is

:09:38.:09:41.

it still going to be the same party you were serving all the years ago

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in the White House if this man gets the nomination? Would you still feel

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proud to call yourself a Republican? I am a Republican but I wouldn't be

:09:51.:09:54.

practical so fake Trump republican and I think he would bust up the

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Republican party and make it a know nothing party like before. Chris was

:10:01.:10:06.

very good at telling you the issues that are coming up and what people

:10:07.:10:11.

think, but I would make the assertion that Trump's appeal isn't

:10:12.:10:19.

on issues, he doesn't understand any issues, as far as I can tell, except

:10:20.:10:24.

resentment and rage. And emotional outpouring, that those guys are

:10:25.:10:30.

really screwing us, we have to stop them and you don't know how bad you

:10:31.:10:34.

are. You've used the phrase know nothing a couple of times. Do you

:10:35.:10:40.

think in a Trump White House the smart folks would soon get him under

:10:41.:10:44.

control, or do you genuinely worry what it might mean for world peace,

:10:45.:10:48.

or the US economy, to have him in there?

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I haven't spent ten seconds thinking about that because when you look at

:10:53.:10:55.

the flow of American history over the last 75, 100 years, you realise

:10:56.:11:01.

there are only two elections where an extremist has been nominated. Was

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1964 with Harry Goldwater on the Republican side and 1968 with George

:11:06.:11:11.

McGavin on the Democratic side. It is very rare to have an extremist

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nominated. And secondly, is very rare to have an extremist

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happened in those two macro instances, they got trounced, they

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got absolutely demolished. Their party, the Republicans in six D4 and

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Democrats in 68, just got absolutely beat. -- 64. Chris is right when you

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look at the numbers and all of that, but there will be thousands of

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people running this year for senators, for governors, state

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representatives, mayors and older men. With Trump at the top of their

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ticket they are going to be sunk as well.

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We await all of those various polls with interest. Ken Adelman and Chris

:11:52.:11:54.

Henick, thank you for joining us. Last year the scale of child sex

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abuse in Rotherham was starkly laid out in an official report -

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it found that at least 1,400 children had been

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abused over 16 years. And the report also found police had

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"regarded many child Well, today, justice began to be

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served in this sorry tale. In the first trial held

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since those revelations, a gang of four men and two women,

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including three brothers, have been convicted of serious child

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sexual abuse crimes. Alison Holt has been

:12:25.:12:26.

following the trial. Rotherham in South Yorkshire, a town

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where young lives have been destroyed by sexual exploitation,

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where families have been torn apart by crimes ignored for too long. Only

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with today's convictions can the full story begins to be told.

:12:56.:13:03.

Jessica, not her real name, was one of 15 young women who gave evidence

:13:04.:13:10.

at the trial. I first met Ash just after my 14th birthday and I was

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mentally and physically and sexually abused for two macro years. He was

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violent towards me, and there were times I thought he was going to kill

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me. Ash is Hachette is a common who began abusing her in 1999. The court

:13:27.:13:31.

was told he was the leader of a violent criminal gang dealing in

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drugs and girls and he operated with his brothers. Their uncle was

:13:35.:13:46.

convicted of conspiracy to rape. They were very powerful for a long

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time. They had connections within the police, within the council, they

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totally dominated Rotherham. One of the pimping networks being

:13:58.:14:00.

highlighted by this Leeds charity in the early to thousands was the same

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Phil Mack. The three brothers threatened anyone who got in their

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way. Threats to the girl, if you don't do what I tell you I will

:14:12.:14:15.

break your mum and burn your house, threats to families have often

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happened. Our worker who was there had threats against her, they would

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phone of the family and they would say they know that woman is there

:14:24.:14:28.

again and we have seen her car. The information the parents support

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worker collected about the men and their associates was passed to the

:14:32.:14:34.

police. She was forever collecting phone numbers, car registration

:14:35.:14:41.

numbers, locations of where things happened. She knew about the use of

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drugs. And this was recorded, and this was handed over, but actually

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elicited virtually no response. Local headlines in 2003 showed the

:14:54.:14:59.

brothers had convictions for drugs, violence and intimidation. And

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documents obtained by the BBC detailed a high risk conference

:15:03.:15:09.

about Asher same two years before that. The probation service said he

:15:10.:15:14.

had been actively involved in befriending and targeting young

:15:15.:15:16.

teenage girls and had possible links to child prostitution in Rotherham.

:15:17.:15:22.

Minutes from a multi-agency meeting described him as representing a high

:15:23.:15:26.

risk of harm to the public. This document describes Ash Hussein is a

:15:27.:15:33.

classic pimping controls young girls and also says the police are making

:15:34.:15:36.

no ongoing checks and that there is no hard evidence of any offence for

:15:37.:15:42.

them to pursue. I think we need to have a catch-up this afternoon. At

:15:43.:15:47.

that time Doug Whiteman and Jayne Senior worked at the risky business

:15:48.:15:51.

youth project in Rotherham. The team was also pulling together

:15:52.:15:55.

information about the sames which was also going to the police. We had

:15:56.:16:00.

been collecting information since 1999. Lots of information. Enough

:16:01.:16:08.

information for them to have been arrested? I believe so, yes. Or at

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least investigated. A report setting out the links between more than 50

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girls in Rotherham and the brothers were sent to the police and council

:16:19.:16:22.

in 2002. It was written by Adele Gladman. She was safeguarding issues

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for a number of years and I don't think I've ever in counted the

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number of sadism and torture and sheer cruelty that we were

:16:33.:16:37.

encountering. Against children. They were being allowed to do it

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completely unchallenged summer and I think that definitely gave them a

:16:42.:16:43.

feeling of invincibility. The report was suppressed. Jim

:16:44.:16:52.

Stevens also raised the issue directly with the authorities.

:16:53.:16:55.

Again, there was no real action. For these men to be taken off the

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streets at last will send out a very, very important message to

:17:01.:17:05.

other potential perpetrators because there was a feeling up until

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recently that the Hussains and other groups of perpetrators in Rotherham

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were untouchable. They were raped by multiple perpetrators... In 2014, a

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report by Professor Alexis Jay estimated more than 1,400 children

:17:22.:17:25.

had been sexually exploited in Rotherham over 16 years. Her report

:17:26.:17:30.

said because gangs like the Hussains were of Pakistani origin and most of

:17:31.:17:33.

the victims were white, the authorities shied away from the

:17:34.:17:38.

issue. Do you think the Pakistani community

:17:39.:17:41.

has a problem? A distant relative of the Hussains

:17:42.:17:45.

thinks straight-talking is what is needed. These sort of men have a

:17:46.:17:52.

very negative and, in many cases, racist attitude towards white young

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girls. They view them as worthless, they view them as commodities that

:17:58.:18:02.

can be traded and that they can be abused in this abhorrent sort of

:18:03.:18:07.

way. For too long, as a society, as a Pakistani community, we have

:18:08.:18:10.

turned a blind eye to these sorts of crimes. Now across Rotherham,

:18:11.:18:14.

police, the council and local communities say they are working

:18:15.:18:18.

together. There are ongoing investigations into a number of

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South Yorkshire Police officers, the force says it wouldn't be

:18:22.:18:25.

appropriate to comment on them, but the area's Police and Crime

:18:26.:18:28.

Commissioner believes generally attitudes have changed. That older

:18:29.:18:32.

perception, which is where it all went wrong, that these were young

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people who were out of control, wouldn't listen to authority, asking

:18:38.:18:41.

for it, slags, slappers, we have heard all that in the past.

:18:42.:18:46.

Hopefully, that is all now gone and the victims now are seen as victims

:18:47.:18:50.

and as children. And today's convictions couldn't be more

:18:51.:18:53.

important for the girls who have survived the abuse and those who

:18:54.:19:01.

have supported them. Everybody needs to recognise the signs of abuse and

:19:02.:19:05.

act on it, and deal with victims in a proper way. These are people's

:19:06.:19:13.

lives. It is a day of justice. Today is the day that the world knows that

:19:14.:19:18.

they were always telling the truth. They are going to be believed, that

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what they said years ago was happening to them, it happened.

:19:25.:19:28.

That's the message that many in Rotherham needed to help them

:19:29.:19:29.

believe that there is real change. Joining me now is Sarah Champion,

:19:30.:19:33.

MP for Rotherham, and Nazir Afzal, former lead on child sexual abuse

:19:34.:19:37.

and Chief Crown Prosecutor Nazir Afzal, if I could start with

:19:38.:19:52.

you? What is the single biggest lesson that you draw from this case?

:19:53.:19:56.

There are so many lessons. We have lesson that you draw from this case?

:19:57.:20:02.

poor leadership, we have poor processes, we have the active

:20:03.:20:05.

discouragement of children, preventing them from reporting. We

:20:06.:20:11.

have pretty much everybody responsible for safeguarding let

:20:12.:20:14.

them down. That was because of the culture that existed at the time,

:20:15.:20:19.

namely that children who came from troubled or chaotic backgrounds

:20:20.:20:21.

wouldn't be believed, or a jury wouldn't believe them. I recognised

:20:22.:20:25.

that when I dealt with Rochdale. If we didn't act upon the information

:20:26.:20:28.

they provided, they would be subjected to abuse for decades and

:20:29.:20:32.

what we found in Rotherham is that these, this abuse has been going on

:20:33.:20:36.

for 20 or 30 years and people have been turning a blind eye. Was

:20:37.:20:41.

ethnicity a factor in that, can I ask you? I have given evidence to

:20:42.:20:45.

Parliament, I have said it many times, and I will say it again. The

:20:46.:20:50.

ethnicity of the perpetrators is an issue here. As Mohammed said in the

:20:51.:20:54.

report. Many people haven't been talking about it because of

:20:55.:20:57.

political correctness or because they don't want to give the

:20:58.:21:01.

far-right more ammunition. These men were getting away with it because

:21:02.:21:06.

they thought they could, because people were not listening to these

:21:07.:21:09.

young girls when they were talking about the abuse they were suffering.

:21:10.:21:13.

There should be no excuse at all for allowing it to happen. There can be

:21:14.:21:18.

no excuse. The reality is, however, that today there are children being

:21:19.:21:23.

abused up-and-down the country. Sarah Champion, on that point, about

:21:24.:21:29.

the political correctness going mad, how significant a barrier was that,

:21:30.:21:33.

do you think, in getting to grips with the full horror of what had

:21:34.:21:38.

been going on here? For me, I can't comprehend it. These are child

:21:39.:21:42.

abusers, I don't care what colour they are, what race they are. I

:21:43.:21:45.

don't understand why the people who were paid to protect those children

:21:46.:21:50.

didn't see it in that way. I know that both from the two independent

:21:51.:21:56.

reports, the Jay report, and the Casey report, they both said that

:21:57.:22:00.

was a factor. I don't understand in today's society, when children are

:22:01.:22:04.

being abused, why being embarrassed that you might cause someone a

:22:05.:22:10.

"Pakistani abuser" rather than a "child abuser" that that is a factor

:22:11.:22:14.

now. We have to address that. Why did it take so long to build

:22:15.:22:20.

prosecutable cases in this matter? I mean, I left the Service when

:22:21.:22:24.

Rotherham was about to get to the point of prosecution. Certainly,

:22:25.:22:29.

Rochdale is a good example. The others I dealt with after Rochdale.

:22:30.:22:33.

It was a view that this was too difficult. These young girls would

:22:34.:22:37.

never be believed by a jury, that they may not even come to court.

:22:38.:22:41.

That was nonsense. It was certainly the prevailing view that it was too

:22:42.:22:47.

difficult, when it was very easy, the legal system, courts,

:22:48.:22:50.

prosecutors, police officers, can do everything they can to make that

:22:51.:22:53.

experience better for the witnesses. We have learnt that now. That wasn't

:22:54.:22:58.

the case before 2011/12. And now we have a situation where I would hope

:22:59.:23:02.

that you will get many more of these successful prosecutions. Certainly,

:23:03.:23:06.

people just seem to think it was too difficult to do and they didn't do

:23:07.:23:11.

it. Successful prosecutions, clearly, send a message. In terms of

:23:12.:23:14.

your community, there are 26 officers who have been served with

:23:15.:23:19.

notice of potential prosecutions, how do you deal with that if you

:23:20.:23:24.

like, the clearing up of what's emerged from this case? Presumably,

:23:25.:23:27.

many of these people still are functioning in the police and other

:23:28.:23:31.

parts of the social services? That's the big problem that we need to

:23:32.:23:36.

address now. (A), how come for so long, for decades, when these girls

:23:37.:23:40.

were desperately trying to get their cases heard were they ignored? How

:23:41.:23:43.

do we now make sure that when people want to come forward, they have

:23:44.:23:46.

trust in the police, they have trust in the council, that they will be

:23:47.:23:51.

listened to. And to be honest, until the IPCC does its investigation,

:23:52.:23:54.

makes its findings and rules for or against some of the officers that

:23:55.:23:57.

are being investigated at the moment, I don't know how people can

:23:58.:24:03.

have that faith, so I urge them to hurry up and let's draw a line under

:24:04.:24:07.

this and move forward. I want to ask you both about moving forward, about

:24:08.:24:16.

the future. Cuts in policing, CPS, do you think this blunts or inhibits

:24:17.:24:19.

the effort to stop this happening again, or is it just not material in

:24:20.:24:23.

this case? Also cuts to local authorities. The services that we

:24:24.:24:28.

are looking forward to get justice and to prevent and protect our most

:24:29.:24:33.

vulnerable are working within a limited resource at the moment.

:24:34.:24:38.

People are having to make choices. They have to protect our most

:24:39.:24:42.

vulnerable. Can I ask you on that, does this show the system worked or

:24:43.:24:47.

is it in jeopardy? The system is working and getting better.

:24:48.:24:53.

Mandatory reporting is essential. I delivered a 30% cut in my budget.

:24:54.:24:59.

The numbers of the prosecutions we were bringing were increasing. You

:25:00.:25:02.

can do it if you work together. Thank you both very much. Back to

:25:03.:25:04.

that migration story. Are the wheels starting

:25:05.:25:06.

to come off Shengen - that agreement of free movement

:25:07.:25:07.

between member states? Tonight, European cohesion

:25:08.:25:12.

is looking increasingly fragile as the various countries within it

:25:13.:25:16.

grapple with how to deal Earlier, Hungary's prime minister

:25:17.:25:19.

offered his country a referendum on whether the EU should be able

:25:20.:25:25.

to impose a migrant quota upon them. In Vienna talks currently

:25:26.:25:31.

were attempting to coordinate border And on the ground, border guards

:25:32.:25:34.

are patrolling the frontier between Belgium and France -

:25:35.:25:42.

an almost forgotten sight Gabriel Gatehouse has been

:25:43.:25:45.

monitoring the developments from Dunkirk to Calais and joins us

:25:46.:25:50.

live from there now. There were extraordinary scenes at

:25:51.:26:03.

the borders of Europe today and in capitals, in Greece, on the

:26:04.:26:09.

Greek-Macedonian border, we saw migrants holding babies, blocking

:26:10.:26:12.

motorways, demanding access to Central Europe. The Greek Migration

:26:13.:26:16.

Minister said there was a mini humanitarian crisis going on in his

:26:17.:26:22.

country. The Austrians unilaterally deciding to restrict migration

:26:23.:26:26.

heavily along with some of their Balkan neighbours, at a meeting to

:26:27.:26:30.

which Greece wasn't even invited, the country that is struggling under

:26:31.:26:34.

the largest number of migrants. Austria and Germany trading

:26:35.:26:37.

accusations and now here, on the north-west corner of Europe, we have

:26:38.:26:42.

got the Belgians patrolling their border with France. The border isn't

:26:43.:26:46.

closed but this certainly isn't Schengen. Mark, the bonds that hold

:26:47.:26:51.

Europe together are being strained by this issue of migration. Quickly,

:26:52.:26:56.

you have been among the people in the camps for the past couple of

:26:57.:27:00.

days, do they think they will be imminently pushed out of there? What

:27:01.:27:04.

is their mood? They do. We can see them flitting across the road here

:27:05.:27:09.

as I speak, police behind me, shining flash lights into the

:27:10.:27:12.

bushes, the French are saying seek asylum here, go to registered asylum

:27:13.:27:16.

centres. They don't want to do that. They are looking for impromptu

:27:17.:27:21.

settlements, and there is another one near Dunkirk, another Jungle, if

:27:22.:27:23.

you like, and I spent the day there. If you thought the Calais Jungle

:27:24.:27:44.

looked grim, try this. This site is on the outskirts of Dunkirk. People

:27:45.:27:49.

live here, thousands of them. And soon, there could be many more. 25

:27:50.:27:57.

miles down the coast from here, the residents of the Jungle are waiting

:27:58.:28:00.

for a magistrate to decide their fate. It seems likely that that camp

:28:01.:28:06.

will eventually be bulldozed. And then what? Quite a lot - in October

:28:07.:28:13.

of last year, there were 400 people on the site. There are now something

:28:14.:28:21.

in the region of 3,000. I don't know what happened in court

:28:22.:28:25.

yesterday. No decision.

:28:26.:28:30.

There was no decision. It will probably come in next 48

:28:31.:28:37.

hours. When it does, we don't know where people expect such a large

:28:38.:28:42.

number of refugees to go. At the moment, all of those people share 42

:28:43.:28:47.

toilets between them. That is about one toilet for every 70 people.

:28:48.:28:51.

Toilets that often malfunction, sewage seeping out into the mud.

:28:52.:28:58.

No good. No good, yeah. Somebody else put it to me a little earlier,

:28:59.:29:06.

they said compared to this place, Calais looks like a Butlin's holiday

:29:07.:29:11.

camp. The reality is, that when the Jungle getting closed, most of those

:29:12.:29:14.

people will probably end up here, or places like this.

:29:15.:29:21.

Amid the squalor, there is a spirit of resilience, a new Dunkirk spirit,

:29:22.:29:25.

you might call it, minus, of course, the one crucial element - the

:29:26.:29:29.

flotilla of boats to take people across the Channel.

:29:30.:29:33.

As any parent knows, getting your kids to put their shoes on can be a

:29:34.:29:38.

struggle. But when your home is a tiny patch of tent, floating on a

:29:39.:29:52.

sea of mud, well... These girls' father used to be a policeman in

:29:53.:29:56.

northern Iraq. We are looking for a normal life. I think England is

:29:57.:30:01.

good. People there respect you. For me, it is too late. I'm about

:30:02.:30:07.

38-years-old, but I am looking for a life for my children. What about

:30:08.:30:15.

trance? -- France? France, you see. There is nothing here. That is life.

:30:16.:30:16.

Nothing. Ali is an Iraqi Kurdistan under

:30:17.:30:26.

Saddam Hussein he fled to the UK but after the invasion Ali went back

:30:27.:30:30.

home full of hope for the future. It's a decision he bitterly regrets

:30:31.:30:34.

now as his country tears itself apart. How are you going to get to

:30:35.:30:42.

England? With two small children? You have to go and try. Your hide

:30:43.:30:48.

the children in the truck? I tried to or three times but the ship

:30:49.:30:54.

control arrested me. It is not dangerous? It is too dangerous, it

:30:55.:31:00.

is dangerous. Are you worried for your daughters? Like I told you in

:31:01.:31:08.

the sea when we came to the place from Turkey you see people die.

:31:09.:31:15.

Maybe you will die, maybe you will not die, but if you stay in your

:31:16.:31:19.

country you will die, that is why you run, to have the chance. A short

:31:20.:31:25.

drive up the coast lies Belgium. In anticipation of more people on the

:31:26.:31:28.

move Brussels has introduced controls on the French border. The

:31:29.:31:33.

police are checking trucks and vans, any migrants are sent back to

:31:34.:31:40.

France. This may not look like much of a border post, but the fact that

:31:41.:31:45.

these guys are here at all tells you something, and that is that when it

:31:46.:31:49.

comes to the issues of migrants and refugees it's not co-operation

:31:50.:31:55.

that's at the forefront everyone's mind in Europe, it's every country

:31:56.:31:59.

for its self. The medical charity MSF are building a new mud free camp

:32:00.:32:03.

just up the road, where they hope to rehouse most of the residents of the

:32:04.:32:08.

Dunkirk Swamp but there will not be room for the overspill from a

:32:09.:32:13.

bulldozed Jungle. The police are trying to discourage any further

:32:14.:32:17.

expansion of the makeshift camp at Grande-Synthe. Anyone coming in is

:32:18.:32:22.

searched, building materials are confiscated, but they are fighting a

:32:23.:32:26.

losing battle. The network of volunteers who run this camp know

:32:27.:32:31.

what is coming and so they are preparing, using branches and

:32:32.:32:34.

pallets and cable ties, whatever they can get their hands on. This is

:32:35.:32:39.

probably not what the developers had in mind when they advertised their

:32:40.:32:45.

eco-quarter. It is certainly not what Europe's leaders in Visic when

:32:46.:32:50.

they signed the Schengen agreement. Gabriel Gatehouse in the Jungle. --

:32:51.:32:54.

envisaged. Joining me now is Damian Green,

:32:55.:32:57.

former Minister of State for Immigration and Minister

:32:58.:32:59.

for Policing, Criminal Justice Very well qualified to discuss the

:33:00.:33:05.

Jungle issue. You have the Conservative Party actively talking

:33:06.:33:10.

about the end of ever closer union as a theoretical proposition, at its

:33:11.:33:15.

ending as we watch in reality across Europe. Ever closer union was a

:33:16.:33:20.

thrust towards a United States of Europe which Britain never signed up

:33:21.:33:23.

to and explicitly thanks to David Cameron is now out of. There is

:33:24.:33:29.

clearly a crisis in the Schengen system, and the ability of other

:33:30.:33:35.

countries, we have never joined it, we are an island and we've always

:33:36.:33:38.

wanted to have border posts so we have control of our own borders and

:33:39.:33:42.

others didn't. There are clearly risks in that. The fact of this

:33:43.:33:51.

unprecedented refugee crisis, unprecedented since the Second World

:33:52.:33:55.

War, has put on the strains you have seen in those films. Everybody is

:33:56.:33:59.

going their own way, the Austrians hosted a meeting saying they will

:34:00.:34:03.

put a cap on the number of asylum seekers they will take and knock on

:34:04.:34:06.

down the line to Greece which people are talking about sealing off. This

:34:07.:34:10.

is everyone in Europe going their own way, the subsidiarity of the

:34:11.:34:14.

most muscular and unpredicted kind, isn't it? And not in an organised

:34:15.:34:18.

way. The problem is the countries inside Schengen haven't been able to

:34:19.:34:24.

agree a strategy on this. To some extent, and it's not easy it is

:34:25.:34:28.

difficult to blame people when they are faced with, as I say, this

:34:29.:34:32.

unprecedented crisis. But I think more of them should frankly have

:34:33.:34:36.

taken a lead from Britain, where our policy has been to pour money into

:34:37.:34:42.

the areas immediately around Syria, the countries immediately around

:34:43.:34:45.

Syria, and actually try and make conditions as good as possible there

:34:46.:34:51.

so that people don't feel compelled to make this very dangerous sea

:34:52.:34:57.

journey, that may end up in Belgium or France. One other aspect in this

:34:58.:35:02.

in the way that Britain and the referendum does or does not

:35:03.:35:06.

interlock with this is the question of contagion. People in Brussels

:35:07.:35:10.

have talked about this for the past year or two. They are concerned that

:35:11.:35:14.

other countries if Britain had a referendum would in some way see

:35:15.:35:18.

this as a starting gun. Lo and behold today we have Viktor Orban,

:35:19.:35:21.

the Hungarian Prime Minister, saying they are going to have a referendum

:35:22.:35:25.

on whether or not to take quotas in their country and other countries,

:35:26.:35:28.

even the Netherlands are talking about it possible more widely drawn

:35:29.:35:34.

agenda. It is having an effect, the British example, across Europe.

:35:35.:35:38.

Having a referendum on a specific policy area is not at all and are

:35:39.:35:46.

just. But the Dutch. I don't think the Dutch government is talking

:35:47.:35:51.

about it yet. I think the root of it needs to be that people who are in

:35:52.:35:59.

the Schengen system doesn't include us if they want to survive they will

:36:00.:36:03.

have to act collectively and if not they will invoke emergency measures

:36:04.:36:06.

in many countries and it will probably be suspended. The big Read

:36:07.:36:11.

a cross for us is what is happening in the camps that we saw and it

:36:12.:36:17.

seems to me because we have border controls in Calais, our border is

:36:18.:36:21.

much better protected than it would be if we had our border back in

:36:22.:36:25.

Dover, which it was only 15 years ago. There is no given that we have

:36:26.:36:30.

border controls in Calais. In that context do you agree with the Prime

:36:31.:36:34.

Minister when he said would find thousands of people potentially

:36:35.:36:38.

coming overnight if Britain to leave? Or was that just

:36:39.:36:43.

scaremongering? We could do, we signed the treaty with France as two

:36:44.:36:48.

member states of the European Union, two friendly countries that work

:36:49.:36:52.

together very well in northern France in trying to control this

:36:53.:36:55.

very difficult situation, particularly people trying to get on

:36:56.:36:58.

trucks. We spend money on security and so on. Who benefits most from

:36:59.:37:03.

that? We do. The French ambassador was on this programme is bad Wedge

:37:04.:37:07.

was asked what France gets from this she struggled to say what the

:37:08.:37:13.

benefits were for France. It seems they would be enormous pressure on

:37:14.:37:16.

France if Britain pulled out of the European Union to say, you know

:37:17.:37:19.

what, if the Brits want to get out of Europe they can have their own

:37:20.:37:23.

border controls back. A lot of those people would find it easier to get

:37:24.:37:26.

to Britain if we didn't have border controls in

:37:27.:37:27.

to Britain if we didn't have border get a Dover and they would have the

:37:28.:37:32.

right to claim asylum here. Damian Green, thank you. One thing

:37:33.:37:35.

is for sure the question of border controls and the future of Schengen

:37:36.:37:39.

is bound to be with us for months to come.

:37:40.:37:41.

You're a feminist or a masochist - so says Gloria Steinem,

:37:42.:37:44.

one of the most influential - and outspoken - feminists over

:37:45.:37:46.

She's never shied away from controversy, dedicating her

:37:47.:37:57.

most recent book, My Life On The Road to the man

:37:58.:38:00.

of 22, allowing her to live a life of activism.

:38:01.:38:06.

Emily Maitlis sat down to talk to her.

:38:07.:38:10.

Do you think when you step back the feminist movement is in good health?

:38:11.:38:17.

Yes, it is in good health. For instance, to speak for my country it

:38:18.:38:21.

is a major IT movement, it is no longer 20 crazy ladies, which is

:38:22.:38:22.

what we were. In the beginning

:38:23.:38:24.

we were regarded as very odd. Now all of the fundamental issues,

:38:25.:38:27.

of equality, including reproductive issues,

:38:28.:38:29.

are majority issues. And that's true in many, if not

:38:30.:38:40.

most, countries. And we are a global movement. We are very connected with

:38:41.:38:43.

each other across boundaries. How do you critique

:38:44.:38:51.

of modern feminism now? When you look at the, if you like,

:38:52.:39:00.

the new role models, is Beyonce a good role

:39:01.:39:05.

model for young women? She's a fine role model for anybody.

:39:06.:39:07.

She's a fine role model for me. It's about supporting

:39:08.:39:11.

each other in what we do best and what our dreams are,

:39:12.:39:14.

and how we feel about women It's not about sitting around

:39:15.:39:17.

and criticising who is a proper Does it become, therefore,

:39:18.:39:20.

harder for you to criticise women because you think that

:39:21.:39:25.

that is a betrayal of feminism? No, it's perfectly easy

:39:26.:39:29.

for me to say Sarah Margaret Thatcher

:39:30.:39:31.

was a disaster. You know, people were

:39:32.:39:37.

still putting milk at her funeral because she cut off

:39:38.:39:46.

the milk for children. The point is not to get

:39:47.:39:48.

a job for one woman, it's to make life

:39:49.:39:51.

better for women and And when you look at, for example,

:39:52.:39:53.

choosing a presidential nominee, does that strike

:39:54.:40:02.

you as something that should be Of course it's a feminist issue,

:40:03.:40:04.

regardless of who it is. If they were Martians it

:40:05.:40:09.

would be a feminist issue, because it depends

:40:10.:40:12.

on their position on issues. Do you think that

:40:13.:40:14.

Hillary Clinton is in Probably.

:40:15.:40:16.

It's deep. We're mostly raised

:40:17.:40:21.

by women and we associate And I think that is

:40:22.:40:23.

especially hard for many men who feel regressed

:40:24.:40:30.

when they see a powerful woman. They haven't seen

:40:31.:40:39.

one since they were So, there is a lot of deep

:40:40.:40:40.

feeling that it's just not right somehow, that it's

:40:41.:40:47.

against the feminine-masculine emotional because we are

:40:48.:40:50.

associated with childhood. Hillary Clinton has undergone

:40:51.:41:00.

more concentrated hatred on campus when she ran for President

:41:01.:41:07.

before there were young white men wearing T-shirts that said "Too bad

:41:08.:41:10.

OJ didn't marry Hillary." But we've seen recently

:41:11.:41:13.

the older feminists getting into trouble, Germaine Greer

:41:14.:41:19.

on the transgender question. Can a man who undergoes a biological

:41:20.:41:23.

change ever really call And her sense that actually

:41:24.:41:25.

it was about cultural conditioning Where do you stand

:41:26.:41:33.

on the whole issue? If you want to define yourself

:41:34.:41:39.

and I want to define myself we have to let other

:41:40.:41:43.

people define themselves. It is just clear that

:41:44.:41:46.

we have to do that. So, Caitlyn Jenner,

:41:47.:41:49.

to all intents and purposes, She is able to define

:41:50.:41:51.

herself, just as I am. It's not a simple

:41:52.:41:59.

question for onlookers. For instance, we had a well

:42:00.:42:03.

reported case of a woman, a very accomplished woman,

:42:04.:42:06.

who considered herself to be Because she had African-American

:42:07.:42:08.

siblings, I think, and had been living as an African-American

:42:09.:42:27.

and growing up, and there was a lot of discomfort around that

:42:28.:42:30.

on the part of African-Americans. So I can understand

:42:31.:42:33.

there is discomfort, but the rock bottom

:42:34.:42:35.

is we have to accept Evan's here tomorrow -

:42:36.:42:48.

until then, goodnight.

:42:49.:42:53.

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