Browse content similar to 'The Martin McGuinness I Knew'. Check below for episodes and series from the same categories and more!
Line | From | To | |
---|---|---|---|
He took the long road from IRA commander to Deputy First Minister | :00:00. | :00:09. | |
At the end of the day it will be the cutting edge of the IRA that will | :00:10. | :00:13. | |
bring freedom. People look at me in | :00:14. | :00:14. | |
the round and they know that in my younger days I was | :00:15. | :00:19. | |
involved with the IRA but they also know that I've been at the heart | :00:20. | :00:23. | |
of the peace process for over Political leaders from across | :00:24. | :00:26. | |
Britain, America and Ireland have praised Martin McGuinness's | :00:27. | :00:29. | |
contribution to peace. In a way his intrinsic nature never | :00:30. | :00:30. | |
changed from the time he was in the Bogside to the time | :00:31. | :00:33. | |
he was the Deputy First Minister. But what peace is there | :00:34. | :00:38. | |
for the families of innocent I'll be talking to a man whose | :00:39. | :00:40. | |
father took a bullet And what now for the | :00:41. | :00:45. | |
Republican movement. Is Martin McGuinness's dream | :00:46. | :00:55. | |
of a united Ireland getting closer? Finally we won a big tax cut but we | :00:56. | :01:05. | |
can't do that until we keep our promise to repeal and replace the | :01:06. | :01:06. | |
disaster known as ObamaCare. Emily goes in search of the next | :01:07. | :01:09. | |
American health system. TrumpCare is moving | :01:10. | :01:12. | |
in the right direction. They're saying, it was too | :01:13. | :01:13. | |
high, a lot of people And we continue our pastoral care | :01:14. | :01:17. | |
series helping Remoaners Now that we are leaving we can | :01:18. | :01:21. | |
at least have an honest conversation about who we want to come | :01:22. | :01:27. | |
here and how we treat So with my glass half | :01:28. | :01:30. | |
full here's to Brexit. The death of Martin McGuinness, | :01:31. | :01:41. | |
from a rare heart condition, has aroused mixed emotions among | :01:42. | :01:49. | |
former Prime Ministers, political opponents in Northern Ireland | :01:50. | :01:52. | |
and the families of IRA victims. He travelled a long way from a job | :01:53. | :02:02. | |
in a butcher's shop in Derry, to IRA Commander in the city, | :02:03. | :02:06. | |
to a key architect of Northern Ireland's peace, | :02:07. | :02:08. | |
and finally a decade as Deputy First Minister | :02:09. | :02:10. | |
of Northern Ireland, but along that way many innocent | :02:11. | :02:12. | |
people were murdered. From Tony Blair to John Major | :02:13. | :02:14. | |
to Theresa May, the consensus is that without him | :02:15. | :02:16. | |
the Good Friday Agreement The Queen, whom he praised | :02:17. | :02:18. | |
for her contribution to peace, has sent a personal message | :02:19. | :02:22. | |
to his family. Bill Clinton said that he believed | :02:23. | :02:25. | |
in a shared future, and refused However, for many families | :02:26. | :02:28. | |
of the IRA's victims, the past is ever present and some | :02:29. | :02:33. | |
do not even know where In a moment I'll be speaking | :02:34. | :02:36. | |
to Austin Stack, whose father But first Jonathan Powell | :02:37. | :02:40. | |
was the Government's chief negotiator on Northern Ireland | :02:41. | :02:45. | |
from 1997 under Tony Blair. When he first met the IRA leader | :02:46. | :02:49. | |
in October of that year Many years later he invited | :02:50. | :02:52. | |
Martin McGuinness to his wedding. Martin McGuinness's life | :02:53. | :02:56. | |
was an extraordinary journey. As far as the Provisional | :02:57. | :03:08. | |
IRA is concerned the fight will go on until | :03:09. | :03:17. | |
the four demands are met. To hard-line politician | :03:18. | :03:19. | |
in the 1980s. At the end of the day | :03:20. | :03:23. | |
it will be the cutting edge of the IRA which | :03:24. | :03:28. | |
will bring freedom. To uncompromising | :03:29. | :03:30. | |
negotiator in the 1990s. Well, we are not going to give | :03:31. | :03:31. | |
them their new Stormont. And finally Deputy First Minister | :03:32. | :03:50. | |
sharing power with his For over 40 years he was | :03:51. | :03:52. | |
at the centre of the The Troubles, as leader | :03:53. | :03:55. | |
of the Derry Brigade, IRA chief of staff and head | :03:56. | :04:00. | |
of Northern Command. But ultimately he helped bring | :04:01. | :04:02. | |
the violence to an end. I spent a decade negotiating peace | :04:03. | :04:05. | |
with Martin McGuinness. The first time I met him, | :04:06. | :04:08. | |
like most people, I saw a terrorist. When I left government | :04:09. | :04:13. | |
I invited him to my And now he's gone I think we're | :04:14. | :04:18. | |
in danger of underestimating Derry today is a beautiful | :04:19. | :04:23. | |
city at peace. But in the early 1970s | :04:24. | :04:30. | |
it was at the centre of a bloody war between the IRA | :04:31. | :04:33. | |
and the British Army. Denis Bradley was a local Catholic | :04:34. | :04:38. | |
priest trying to keep He had the looks and the charms | :04:39. | :04:42. | |
and the ability to go places where other people | :04:43. | :04:54. | |
perhaps didn't go. That gave him confidence, | :04:55. | :04:57. | |
it gave him an insight, and then he discovered that he wasn't too bad at | :04:58. | :05:01. | |
it, that he was as good as the rest at it, and perhaps even better, | :05:02. | :05:04. | |
that he had a natural instinct for There was no argument about | :05:05. | :05:08. | |
whether he was an IRA man or not. He was highly respected | :05:09. | :05:23. | |
among the hard men, and the harder they were the more | :05:24. | :05:25. | |
respect they had for him. So he was certainly | :05:26. | :05:30. | |
on the tough side of the I met him in June 1972 in Derry | :05:31. | :05:34. | |
in what was then free I was told there were | :05:35. | :05:41. | |
going to be talks And I met Martin, | :05:42. | :05:46. | |
that was the first time I'd met him, 45 years | :05:47. | :05:50. | |
ago, a long-time. But for many in Northern Ireland | :05:51. | :05:54. | |
Martin McGuinness was the You will never defeat | :05:55. | :05:57. | |
the Protestant people of Ulster! What would your | :05:58. | :06:02. | |
dad have thought of Martin McGuinness | :06:03. | :06:07. | |
was evil personified. He was the man who was terrorising | :06:08. | :06:14. | |
Northern Ireland and he was everything that every Ulsterman, | :06:15. | :06:21. | |
every Protestant, every Unionist So when did the hard man change | :06:22. | :06:23. | |
into a peacemaker and why? By the late 1980s the violence | :06:24. | :06:36. | |
had reached a new peak - with the Enniskillen | :06:37. | :06:49. | |
bomb even IRA leaders, including McGuinness, | :06:50. | :06:51. | |
realised they'd gone too far. It's really desecrating the dead | :06:52. | :06:53. | |
and a blot on mankind. A corner was turned and in the midst | :06:54. | :06:55. | |
of the violence the IRA started reaching out | :06:56. | :06:58. | |
secretly to the British. I think after the Enniskillen | :06:59. | :07:09. | |
bombing that is when Martin McGuinness became | :07:10. | :07:14. | |
moving from the hard man Denis Bradley was one of those | :07:15. | :07:16. | |
in Derry who facilitated the secret back channel between | :07:17. | :07:20. | |
the IRA and the British I think that McGuinness was quicker | :07:21. | :07:22. | |
and earlier into the fray of peacemaking than anybody else | :07:23. | :07:29. | |
within the Republican movement. The back channel for | :07:30. | :07:32. | |
the British government It was never comfortable | :07:33. | :07:33. | |
for the IRA either. There's only two ways | :07:34. | :07:42. | |
that a conflict ends, and Martin, I think, | :07:43. | :07:44. | |
very well knew it. One is an absolute victory | :07:45. | :07:50. | |
and defeat, one side over another. And if that is not | :07:51. | :07:53. | |
possible, and in most modern history it hasn't been | :07:54. | :07:56. | |
possible, then you discover that, you know, negotiations | :07:57. | :07:59. | |
are a part of where you go. In the end the link collapsed | :08:00. | :08:02. | |
because mistrust between In 1996 the IRA went back to war | :08:03. | :08:04. | |
with the Canary Wharf bomb. When Tony Blair came | :08:05. | :08:15. | |
to government in 1997, he made peace in | :08:16. | :08:17. | |
Northern Ireland his first priority. I first met Martin | :08:18. | :08:22. | |
McGuinness here in Castle Buildings on 13th October 1997 | :08:23. | :08:28. | |
along with Tony Blair. It was the first meeting | :08:29. | :08:30. | |
between a British Prime Minister and Republican | :08:31. | :08:32. | |
leaders since 1921. We arranged the meeting | :08:33. | :08:36. | |
in a small windowless room so no one could take photographs | :08:37. | :08:39. | |
of us meeting Republican leaders. I declined to shake | :08:40. | :08:42. | |
hands with Martin Tony Blair was more | :08:43. | :08:44. | |
sensible and shook them by the hand as | :08:45. | :08:47. | |
he would anyone else. It was here that the | :08:48. | :08:50. | |
peace process began. I remember Martin being, | :08:51. | :08:54. | |
you know, there is a lot of accumulated pain and hurt that he | :08:55. | :08:59. | |
wanted to express and that he was very determined to give me a lengthy | :09:00. | :09:04. | |
and detailed account of why the British were to blame | :09:05. | :09:07. | |
for the problems of Ireland. But the importance of the meeting | :09:08. | :09:11. | |
was that it happened. When we came to government | :09:12. | :09:15. | |
Martin was made the chief If he was involved the people | :09:16. | :09:17. | |
got to have some sense. My wife always says she would trust | :09:18. | :09:26. | |
Martin McGuinness with her life. She doesn't say that about me | :09:27. | :09:30. | |
but that's another story. So I suppose people | :09:31. | :09:40. | |
had that sense of You always felt as a | :09:41. | :09:41. | |
chief negotiator that somebody had to sell | :09:42. | :09:45. | |
this to the troops. If a deal was done with Martin | :09:46. | :09:47. | |
he could deliver and he was And I think that was | :09:48. | :09:50. | |
the distinction. I'm not saying the selling powers | :09:51. | :09:55. | |
of Gerry were not considerable but I think Martin was the person who had | :09:56. | :09:58. | |
the ability to sell it. became Deputy First Minister sharing | :09:59. | :10:01. | |
power with Ian Paisley. My main memory of that | :10:02. | :10:13. | |
day was the two of them sitting on the sofa | :10:14. | :10:15. | |
in Paisley's office trying to outdo each other in terms | :10:16. | :10:19. | |
of telling jokes. We were nearly sitting | :10:20. | :10:21. | |
on each other's knees. And big Ian kind of tended to take | :10:22. | :10:29. | |
up a fair bit of space. It was amazing how like at | :10:30. | :10:32. | |
the crack of a switch to put a light on that they seemed | :10:33. | :10:42. | |
to have said listen, we've been through all of this, | :10:43. | :10:45. | |
you were on that side, I was on this side, | :10:46. | :10:48. | |
terrible things happened, The terrible legacy of the victims | :10:49. | :10:49. | |
which we all can never forget. But that these people | :10:50. | :10:53. | |
were prepared to give it a go. How do you manage to build | :10:54. | :10:56. | |
a relationship with someone who had been, as you say, | :10:57. | :11:01. | |
the personification of evil? The two of them did sit | :11:02. | :11:04. | |
down and had a very, I was privy to part of that | :11:05. | :11:06. | |
conversation where my father said to Martin we can have a battle | :11:07. | :11:12. | |
a day, we can make the community | :11:13. | :11:14. | |
out there depressed, or we can actually hand in hand take | :11:15. | :11:19. | |
this country forward Martin McGuinness risked not | :11:20. | :11:21. | |
just his career but his life to make He achieved things | :11:22. | :11:27. | |
as a politician he Now he's gone, a new | :11:28. | :11:30. | |
generation who weren't involved in The Troubles have to see | :11:31. | :11:35. | |
if they can continue his legacy. I worry because frankly this process | :11:36. | :11:39. | |
in Northern Ireland is still fragile and unless there is a continual | :11:40. | :11:42. | |
commitment by all the parties including the British government | :11:43. | :11:48. | |
then it's at risk, frankly. We are past conflict, | :11:49. | :11:51. | |
apart from a small number of people who are trying to | :11:52. | :11:56. | |
draw us back into it but they have I worked with Martin | :11:57. | :12:00. | |
McGuinness for ten years. At first I did so with | :12:01. | :12:09. | |
grave reservations. Over time I came to realise that | :12:10. | :12:11. | |
if you're going to make peace you have to talk | :12:12. | :12:14. | |
to your enemies. For some he will always be viewed | :12:15. | :12:16. | |
as a man with blood on his hands but I believe his legacy will | :12:17. | :12:21. | |
be as the hard man who changed to negotiate peace, and perhaps most | :12:22. | :12:25. | |
importantly, to make I ultimately take the view | :12:26. | :12:27. | |
if Martin McGuinness helped us achieve peace in Northern Ireland, | :12:28. | :12:37. | |
do we then hate our opponents, or end up recognising that without them | :12:38. | :12:45. | |
we actually couldn't In a way his intrinsic nature never | :12:46. | :12:48. | |
changed from the time he was in the Bogside to the time | :12:49. | :12:54. | |
he was the Deputy First Minister. I think what changed | :12:55. | :12:57. | |
was his deep-seated belief that the next generation had | :12:58. | :12:59. | |
to live in a different environment from his, and that is | :13:00. | :13:09. | |
really what impelled him, again, to become | :13:10. | :13:10. | |
the greatest advocate and deep | :13:11. | :13:13. | |
practitioner of peace. He's from the Bogside. | :13:14. | :13:16. | |
That has never left him. To have been part of achieving peace | :13:17. | :13:20. | |
and to find a peaceful way to achievement for a wee lad from the | :13:21. | :13:23. | |
Bogside. There were many victims | :13:24. | :13:32. | |
of IRA violence. Mr Stack was the chief prison | :13:33. | :13:38. | |
officer at Portlaoise High Securtiy prison, where a lot of IRA | :13:39. | :13:41. | |
prisoners were held. He was shot in the back | :13:42. | :13:43. | |
of the neck in 1983, It was Just three years ago | :13:44. | :13:46. | |
that the IRA acknowleged their involement after Gerry Adams | :13:47. | :13:50. | |
facilitated a series of meetings with his son Austin | :13:51. | :13:52. | |
who is in our Dublin studio now. Good evening. I wonder if you think | :13:53. | :14:11. | |
the actions of Martin McGuinness as a Democratic politician out way all | :14:12. | :14:17. | |
the hurt and the harm done to families and indeed the victims of | :14:18. | :14:23. | |
IRA violence. First of all, just express my sympathies to the family | :14:24. | :14:28. | |
of Martin McGuinness and I think this evening when we talk about | :14:29. | :14:31. | |
Martin McGuinness we should bear in mind that his family are morning and | :14:32. | :14:36. | |
I just want to express my pimp -- my sympathies to them. To answer your | :14:37. | :14:40. | |
question I think when we look at the legacy of Martin McGuinness what we | :14:41. | :14:44. | |
need to do is to look at this totality of that legacy. There's no | :14:45. | :14:49. | |
denying that Martin McGuinness in the latter years moved into the | :14:50. | :14:53. | |
political domain but we also should not deny and should not shy away | :14:54. | :14:58. | |
from examining Martin McGuinness and his past. You have to bear in mind | :14:59. | :15:06. | |
that Martin McGuinness and his organisation were responsible for | :15:07. | :15:09. | |
thousands of murders, thousands of atrocities. And Martin McGuinness | :15:10. | :15:18. | |
never, he is lauded as a peacemaker today but from our perspective as | :15:19. | :15:22. | |
victims Martin McGuinness had never at any stage tried to reach out to | :15:23. | :15:27. | |
the victims, he never tried to reconcile with victims. And he never | :15:28. | :15:31. | |
acknowledged the victims. I can point to several incidents I know | :15:32. | :15:36. | |
certainly my good friend David Kelly whose father private Paddy Kelly was | :15:37. | :15:43. | |
shocked by the IRA, David approached Martin McGuinness asking him for | :15:44. | :15:46. | |
answers in 2011 and Martin McGuinness shunted him away with the | :15:47. | :15:52. | |
words, just move on, you. So from that perspective, as victims we | :15:53. | :15:58. | |
would have a very different take on Martin McGuinness and his legacy and | :15:59. | :16:01. | |
I think we should look at the whole of the legacy and not just the | :16:02. | :16:05. | |
latter years. It is inevitable perhaps when use see archive footage | :16:06. | :16:11. | |
of the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s, it looks like a different era and four | :16:12. | :16:16. | |
order -- in order for peace to work and continue working is it | :16:17. | :16:20. | |
inevitable that that would end up coming to the forefront and actually | :16:21. | :16:27. | |
the legitimate grievances of many victims families are not satisfied | :16:28. | :16:30. | |
but perhaps sidelined. That is exactly it. It appears that the | :16:31. | :16:37. | |
feelings of the victims have been shunted to one side and this evening | :16:38. | :16:41. | |
my thoughts would be with some very good friends of mine in Enniskillen | :16:42. | :16:52. | |
and Claudy listening to the plaudits being thrown the way of Martin | :16:53. | :16:55. | |
McGuinness, people who lost loved ones, people who are physically | :16:56. | :16:59. | |
injured and still in great pain today. In Enniskillen. Those people | :17:00. | :17:07. | |
have been traumatised again today by the plaudits thrown to Martin | :17:08. | :17:13. | |
McGuinness and for them the legacy is very real. And those people are | :17:14. | :17:17. | |
suffering today. And from that perspective we should just bear that | :17:18. | :17:24. | |
in mind. And that is real, the footage as you describe it is old | :17:25. | :17:27. | |
and seems to be from a different era but today the victims are still | :17:28. | :17:31. | |
suffering, there are still in that space. I wonder with so many of our | :17:32. | :17:40. | |
generation, some dying prematurely, but moving on, whether you're | :17:41. | :17:47. | |
optimistic for continued peace? I'm always optimistic and fully | :17:48. | :17:51. | |
supportive of the peace process. And supportive of peace. But what myself | :17:52. | :17:56. | |
and other victims are conscious of is there has been, you know, pretty | :17:57. | :18:02. | |
much nonexistent attitude towards us. Particularly people of the ilk | :18:03. | :18:10. | |
of Martin McGuinness did not try to reach out to us. When he reached out | :18:11. | :18:14. | |
to political unionism he never reached out to the victims. He never | :18:15. | :18:19. | |
tried to reconcile with the victims. And for peace to work in its | :18:20. | :18:24. | |
totality the victims must be included in the process. And that | :18:25. | :18:29. | |
has never happened. Thank you very much for joining us tonight. | :18:30. | :18:31. | |
Joining me now in the studio is Irish historian and columnist, | :18:32. | :18:33. | |
And from Salford, professor of politics at the University | :18:34. | :18:36. | |
of Liverpool, Jonathan Tonge, who directed the 2010 | :18:37. | :18:38. | |
and 2015 Northern Ireland general election surveys. | :18:39. | :18:43. | |
Good evening. Ruth Dudley Edwards, Martin McGuinness was the main | :18:44. | :18:54. | |
proponent of United Ireland, do you think that is closer now or further | :18:55. | :18:58. | |
away or does his passing actually change that equation? I do not think | :18:59. | :19:04. | |
his passing changes it but we should remember if there was any chance of | :19:05. | :19:08. | |
United Ireland the IRA said it backed by generations. There was | :19:09. | :19:12. | |
always a possibility, given the right kind of approach and approach | :19:13. | :19:17. | |
of friendship, that both sides of the border might get to know each | :19:18. | :19:23. | |
other and that organically trade might occur, friendships might | :19:24. | :19:26. | |
develop and that in due course, possibly people might see the | :19:27. | :19:30. | |
possibility of a united Ireland. But once the are a decided to try to | :19:31. | :19:35. | |
bomb and kill Unionists into a united Ireland, they wrecked it. Do | :19:36. | :19:41. | |
you take that analysis, Jonathan, or do not have a different attitude | :19:42. | :19:46. | |
towards the possibility of United Ireland? That is the reason why | :19:47. | :19:49. | |
Martin McGuinness move towards peace. Even with the huge bombs of | :19:50. | :19:55. | |
the 1990s which flattened London and Manchester, even then the IRA could | :19:56. | :20:00. | |
not force a united Ireland. What you've seen is Sinn Fein making huge | :20:01. | :20:05. | |
political progress since the IRA ceasefires of the 1990s. It has been | :20:06. | :20:09. | |
growth of almost every election for Sinn Fein since that period. And | :20:10. | :20:14. | |
Sinn Fein is very much on the march, buoyed by a successful election | :20:15. | :20:19. | |
earlier this month in the north. It is more likely than not that at some | :20:20. | :20:26. | |
stage they will sit in government in the South and I do think a united | :20:27. | :20:29. | |
Ireland is back on the agenda. Certainly it is being talked about | :20:30. | :20:33. | |
seriously. Brexit provides a material change in circumstances to | :20:34. | :20:37. | |
quote Nicola Sturgeon in the Scottish case that could lead to | :20:38. | :20:42. | |
united Ireland. Soft nationalists basically have accepted devolved | :20:43. | :20:45. | |
power-sharing within the United Kingdom but firstly you have not got | :20:46. | :20:49. | |
that with the collapse of the institutions in the north, and | :20:50. | :20:52. | |
secondly soft nationalists have accepted the border is a fact but | :20:53. | :20:58. | |
they will not accept a water as a fence again if that happens as a | :20:59. | :21:01. | |
consequence of Brexit. That brings the United Ireland idea back on the | :21:02. | :21:07. | |
agenda in a way you have not seen in recent times. So in a sense not just | :21:08. | :21:13. | |
down to demographics, tectonic plates shifting a bit faster, not | :21:14. | :21:17. | |
only with Sinn Fein gaining ground in the north and the South, and | :21:18. | :21:22. | |
indeed the reaction to Brexit, but also just a feeling in the north, | :21:23. | :21:26. | |
you have Unionists, Protestant children taking Irish citizenship as | :21:27. | :21:31. | |
they can under the Good Friday agreement. Different attitudes from | :21:32. | :21:37. | |
younger generation. Yes and quite a lot of people think of themselves | :21:38. | :21:40. | |
now as Northern Irish rather than Irish or British and that is | :21:41. | :21:44. | |
developing a sense of Northern Irish identity. But do not get carried | :21:45. | :21:51. | |
away with this United Ireland business, Gerry Adams is calling for | :21:52. | :21:54. | |
a border poll but the south of Ireland does not want it and the | :21:55. | :21:57. | |
Northern Irish would not vote for it. A very small part of the | :21:58. | :22:02. | |
Catholic community in Northern Ireland would vote for it. It is not | :22:03. | :22:09. | |
possible economically. And I would also say that Martin McGuinness, his | :22:10. | :22:14. | |
death is a hell of a blow to Sinn Fein. Massive blow. He was their | :22:15. | :22:19. | |
strategist, he had more brains than most of the rest put together. He | :22:20. | :22:25. | |
also was not impeded by the vanity and egotism of Gerry Adams which | :22:26. | :22:29. | |
gets underway, which makes and confrontational and very bad at | :22:30. | :22:32. | |
diplomacy. Gerry Adams can do the hard man, he cannot do the winning | :22:33. | :22:36. | |
personality. You cannot do that charm in the wake Martin McGuinness | :22:37. | :22:40. | |
could. So they're missing Martin McGuinness and they will be | :22:41. | :22:44. | |
something I think in the south. I wonder then, it is a big leap to | :22:45. | :22:49. | |
talk about this, but if you think there are no kind of figures of | :22:50. | :22:56. | |
stature, if you do not take the others that are there now into play, | :22:57. | :23:01. | |
no figures of stature. Is there a danger then that there is going to | :23:02. | :23:05. | |
be something that might approximate to return to violence? I do not | :23:06. | :23:09. | |
think there is any prospect of that. One of the most successful things | :23:10. | :23:13. | |
Martin McGuinness did was to marginalise the dissidents. That was | :23:14. | :23:16. | |
not as easy as people might imagine. The worst atrocity of the troubles | :23:17. | :23:21. | |
came after the Good Friday agreement with the Omagh bombing which killed | :23:22. | :23:24. | |
29. Martin McGuinness took personal risk in trying to marginalise those | :23:25. | :23:28. | |
groups. In terms of the broader picture Sinn Fein has defined a | :23:29. | :23:33. | |
replacement ultimately also for Gerry Adams, he is broadly the same | :23:34. | :23:38. | |
age as Martin McGuinness and the longest serving leader anywhere in | :23:39. | :23:43. | |
Europe. He has been Sinn Fein president since 1983. So potentially | :23:44. | :23:46. | |
there is a huge void at the top of Sinn Fein when Gerry Adams quits | :23:47. | :23:50. | |
politics. But I think they have been preparing for some time now. And I | :23:51. | :23:56. | |
think if you had all Ireland poll it be interesting, the mathematics, on | :23:57. | :24:00. | |
whether there would be support for a united Ireland. Do you agree that a | :24:01. | :24:05. | |
number of Catholics would not supported in the north, the South | :24:06. | :24:10. | |
would not want it because of the economic consequences? I think | :24:11. | :24:13. | |
plenty of Catholics are comfortable with devolved power-sharing within | :24:14. | :24:16. | |
the UK but at the moment that does not look as if it will be coming | :24:17. | :24:20. | |
into place. The institutions are in trouble and Sinn Fein said they will | :24:21. | :24:27. | |
not work with Arlene Foster. So you will have Northern nationalists | :24:28. | :24:30. | |
taken out of the EU against their will. Also some Unionists are | :24:31. | :24:35. | |
unhappy with that, 30% of the DUP vote voted to remain in the European | :24:36. | :24:40. | |
Union. So there is unhappiness, the situation has changed in terms of | :24:41. | :24:44. | |
the discussion at least. Thank you both very much. | :24:45. | :24:46. | |
And now - it's a big week for one of Trump's | :24:47. | :24:49. | |
biggest campaign pledges - as repeated last night | :24:50. | :24:51. | |
at a rally - to "end the catastrophe of Obamacare." | :24:52. | :24:53. | |
This is perhaps the first big legislative test of | :24:54. | :24:59. | |
Trump's administration - and it's left his own | :25:00. | :25:01. | |
On the campaign trail his rallyng cry was that he would repeal | :25:02. | :25:07. | |
And that's exactly what he's trying to do now. | :25:08. | :25:14. | |
But what he's suggested as an alternative is hated by pretty | :25:15. | :25:16. | |
Republican moderates think it will adversely hit | :25:17. | :25:24. | |
the elderly and the poor, right wing republicans say it's just | :25:25. | :25:27. | |
Obamacare-lite and way too expensive. | :25:28. | :25:28. | |
Democrats of course never wanted to see it repealed at all. | :25:29. | :25:33. | |
This morning we saw President Trump up on Capitol Hill trying | :25:34. | :25:35. | |
to win his party round before that critical House vote on Thursday. | :25:36. | :25:41. | |
He suggested they were fools not to come together, | :25:42. | :25:46. | |
that they risked losing their seats if they appeared disunited. | :25:47. | :25:51. | |
But as of tonight the feeling here in DC is that he's | :25:52. | :25:54. | |
There is a core of around 40 ideological republicans called | :25:55. | :26:00. | |
the House Freedom Caucus who are willing the bill to fail. | :26:01. | :26:11. | |
The bill would be sunk if 22 or more of them vote against it. | :26:12. | :26:16. | |
There's talk of putting vice president Mike Pence on the Hill | :26:17. | :26:18. | |
for the next two days solid to talk them around. | :26:19. | :26:21. | |
But what do the patients make of all the politics? | :26:22. | :26:23. | |
We went to Trump country - some hours north of | :26:24. | :26:25. | |
For the first time in 24 years the people | :26:26. | :26:34. | |
This county, Fulton, heavily rural, elderly and white, | :26:35. | :26:43. | |
They took a gamble he'd deliver what he promised, | :26:44. | :26:51. | |
After he came along and he started making sense about a lot of things | :26:52. | :26:59. | |
that I've been thinking about for years and years, | :27:00. | :27:03. | |
the changes that had to be done, I decided to change my politics | :27:04. | :27:06. | |
Trumpcare's moving in the right direction. | :27:07. | :27:15. | |
I think it's going to be a lot better than Obamacare. | :27:16. | :27:21. | |
It was too high, a lot of people couldn't afford it, | :27:22. | :27:26. | |
Now a key pledge on the campaign trail in places like this was that | :27:27. | :27:39. | |
promise to repeal Obamacare, the health care programme that | :27:40. | :27:42. | |
encouraged, some would say forced, millions of Americans to buy | :27:43. | :27:45. | |
insurance and that expanded Medicaid, free insurance | :27:46. | :27:48. | |
for the most vulnerable, through government subsidies. | :27:49. | :27:54. | |
Next is an executive order minimising the economic burden | :27:55. | :27:56. | |
of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act... | :27:57. | :27:59. | |
Republicans have long argued it was too costly for government | :28:00. | :28:01. | |
and premiums were too high for patients. | :28:02. | :28:04. | |
It was repealed on day one by executive order, | :28:05. | :28:07. | |
but this month the President produced his own plan. | :28:08. | :28:11. | |
We came to the Fulton Medical Centre to see what they make of it. | :28:12. | :28:15. | |
Just a decade old, it puts diagnosis, surgery, | :28:16. | :28:17. | |
emergency services, and an elderly care home, all under one roof. | :28:18. | :28:22. | |
Margaret Black has spent three months here. | :28:23. | :28:25. | |
Do you know what the cost will be to you? | :28:26. | :28:28. | |
Well, I know I had three trips to Pittsburgh in the ambulance, | :28:29. | :28:34. | |
And if that was taken away, if your employer didn't have | :28:35. | :29:08. | |
I mean, I wouldn't have the money to pay it. | :29:09. | :29:13. | |
Under Trump's plan, employers would no longer be held responsible | :29:14. | :29:15. | |
Some believe that change is badly needed. | :29:16. | :29:19. | |
I think that it needs to be revamped. | :29:20. | :29:21. | |
Companies that offer health care like my husband's, | :29:22. | :29:26. | |
which we are fortunate for, that's a great thing. | :29:27. | :29:29. | |
But there's companies out there that can't afford to pay | :29:30. | :29:33. | |
They're going to end up shutting their doors, and that's | :29:34. | :29:44. | |
Broadly, this plan would cost the government | :29:45. | :29:47. | |
Let's show you how that could look in practice. | :29:48. | :29:50. | |
Under Obamacare, Medicaid was expanded in the majority of states. | :29:51. | :29:52. | |
Large employers were obliged to provide insurance to their workers. | :29:53. | :29:55. | |
Health insurance became mandatory, with fines for those who didn't | :29:56. | :29:57. | |
enrol, and there was a cap on the difference insurance | :29:58. | :30:00. | |
Under Trumpcare, they intend to cut Medicaid expansion and stop any more | :30:01. | :30:06. | |
They will free employers of the obligation to | :30:07. | :30:08. | |
They'll stop insurance being mandatory, but say those | :30:09. | :30:11. | |
who go two months without it may face higher policies. | :30:12. | :30:18. | |
They'll use tax credits to help people buy it and they'll make | :30:19. | :30:21. | |
major cuts to women's health programmes including | :30:22. | :30:23. | |
The moment the presidential plan emerged, it appeared he had pulled | :30:24. | :30:27. | |
Infuriating both those on the left of his party, | :30:28. | :30:30. | |
worried that it would leave many Americans unprotected, | :30:31. | :30:33. | |
and those on the right who have called it Obama-lite. | :30:34. | :30:37. | |
Hated the fact he hadn't got rid of it completely. | :30:38. | :30:39. | |
The nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office - think along | :30:40. | :30:46. | |
the lines of our OBR - predicted that 24 million | :30:47. | :30:50. | |
more Americans would be uninsured by the next decade | :30:51. | :30:52. | |
Older, poorer people, would be worst hit. | :30:53. | :31:02. | |
I asked the head of emergency services, Dr Douglas Stern, | :31:03. | :31:04. | |
I don't think that is an exaggeration. | :31:05. | :31:07. | |
I think we could have more uninsured patients and that's going to push | :31:08. | :31:11. | |
them towards an expensive health care, the emergency department, | :31:12. | :31:14. | |
because if someone's uninsured they're going to wait | :31:15. | :31:16. | |
And then once they have an acute problem they're going | :31:17. | :31:21. | |
to go in to the system through the emergency | :31:22. | :31:23. | |
department and unfortunately, that's the highest cost | :31:24. | :31:25. | |
So, Dr Stern, from what you're saying, this is a community that | :31:26. | :31:32. | |
can ill afford to pay for this health care? | :31:33. | :31:34. | |
We have some patients that are on a fixed income and usually | :31:35. | :31:37. | |
And they're on a fixed income, they don't have the opportunity | :31:38. | :31:41. | |
And they choose between taking their blood pressure medication, | :31:42. | :31:47. | |
This is President Trump's first real legislative test | :31:48. | :31:53. | |
His party holds a majority in the chamber, but needs 216 votes to win. | :31:54. | :32:02. | |
As things stand, the rump of conservatives known | :32:03. | :32:05. | |
as Freedom House Caucus, believe they hold enough | :32:06. | :32:06. | |
I know, I've talked to a lot of people that | :32:07. | :32:10. | |
So there's a pretty persuasive case made by the leadership | :32:11. | :32:16. | |
I think there's a lot of people that have concerns | :32:17. | :32:23. | |
You must have done the maths, do you think there's | :32:24. | :32:27. | |
Yeah, right now we don't have the votes to pass the bill. | :32:28. | :32:31. | |
Well no, I want to get to yes, but I want the Trump | :32:32. | :32:37. | |
So everybody agrees, the right-wing think tanks, | :32:38. | :32:43. | |
the liberal think tanks, both agree the architecture | :32:44. | :32:45. | |
The President himself went to Capitol Hill this morning | :32:46. | :32:53. | |
to lobby for the bill in his own inimitable style. | :32:54. | :32:57. | |
Telling Republican congressmen they risked losing their seats | :32:58. | :32:59. | |
Tremendous health care plan, that's what we have. | :33:00. | :33:04. | |
Affordable care, American health, no one even knows what it's called, | :33:05. | :33:14. | |
but just like Hillarycare of the 1990s or Obamacare now | :33:15. | :33:17. | |
or who knows, perhaps Trumpcare or even Ryancare next, | :33:18. | :33:23. | |
the sticking of the name on the bill is not about pride or posterity, | :33:24. | :33:28. | |
it's an attempt to affix political blame if it all goes wrong. | :33:29. | :33:36. | |
And what of Fulton and its 84% who stood so solid behind Trump? | :33:37. | :33:46. | |
Are they watching the machinations on the Hill, the swamp, | :33:47. | :33:49. | |
They'll give him the benefit of the doubt for now, | :33:50. | :33:53. | |
Whether they like it if he does, it is perhaps the bigger | :33:54. | :33:57. | |
A mother whose daughter died at the age of 15 | :33:58. | :34:03. | |
after taking MDMA called tonight for the legalisation of all drugs | :34:04. | :34:06. | |
Everything from heroin to MDMA to cannabis. | :34:07. | :34:12. | |
Five years ago Anne-Marie Cockburn's daughter Martha was sitting her | :34:13. | :34:16. | |
GCSEs and thinking about studying engineering, she was a talented | :34:17. | :34:18. | |
But she was also curious about drugs - something her mother found out | :34:19. | :34:23. | |
after she died from taking half a gram of MDMA powder that turned | :34:24. | :34:26. | |
Anne-Marie Cockburn is with me now. Thank you for joining us. What | :34:27. | :34:40. | |
actually happened to Martha on that day? She went kayaking with friends | :34:41. | :34:47. | |
on a Saturday morning, a lovely July day in 2013. And afterwards she for | :34:48. | :34:54. | |
some reason swallowed half a gram of white powder that turned out to be | :34:55. | :35:00. | |
ecstasy, MDMA powder that was 91% pure. Within three hours of taking | :35:01. | :35:07. | |
it she was dead. So that was actually an incredibly powerful | :35:08. | :35:11. | |
dose? Yes, much higher than the normal street level. I think | :35:12. | :35:14. | |
possibly the chances are it would have killed more than several | :35:15. | :35:18. | |
people. I've been told it was enough for five to ten people in one go. | :35:19. | :35:24. | |
When did you find out what happened? Well, it was very quickly we got | :35:25. | :35:30. | |
told drugs were involved. And in respect of the dosage and so on that | :35:31. | :35:36. | |
wasn't until a few days afterwards. But initially, yes, we were told | :35:37. | :35:41. | |
instantly she has taken something. She was with friends at the time? | :35:42. | :35:45. | |
She was with friends but she was the only one who took it. So then after | :35:46. | :35:51. | |
the funeral you were going through the family computer and what did you | :35:52. | :35:57. | |
find? I found her Google history and she'd been looking for ways to take | :35:58. | :36:01. | |
ecstasy safely. Because she was a clever girl and she wanted to make | :36:02. | :36:06. | |
sure she wouldn't overdose. Yes. She was at that stage in her adolescence | :36:07. | :36:10. | |
and she did want to try things, she was a curious child and I encouraged | :36:11. | :36:14. | |
her curiosity in life, as you do as a parent as much as you can. But | :36:15. | :36:21. | |
that was a moment when I realised the situation was that she got lost | :36:22. | :36:25. | |
in the detail and made a great mistake. She had taken ecstasy | :36:26. | :36:29. | |
before and I think, as any mother would, you'd had a kind of | :36:30. | :36:33. | |
contretemps about it. Yes, I was one of those parents, I said why would | :36:34. | :36:37. | |
you do this? She said it makes me feel happy. I said, aren't you happy | :36:38. | :36:42. | |
anyway? She said yes but it makes me feel even happier. I couldn't | :36:43. | :36:45. | |
believe that. I just said don't do it, don't do it, I didn't want her | :36:46. | :36:51. | |
to do it. I said just say no. And you know what went on to happen. | :36:52. | :36:55. | |
After that terrible tragedy occurred you then started a campaign for | :36:56. | :37:00. | |
legalisation. I want to go back and ask, before what happened happened | :37:01. | :37:08. | |
were you for the legalisation, or even decriminalisation of drugs? I | :37:09. | :37:12. | |
didn't think it related to families like mine. I was blissfully ignorant | :37:13. | :37:16. | |
but I've learned the hard way and I've learned very quickly what I | :37:17. | :37:20. | |
really should have known then. What do you say to people who say, well, | :37:21. | :37:27. | |
if you legalise drugs for the over 18s it's still going to be the | :37:28. | :37:33. | |
teenagers who, even though drink's legal, who experiment, take too | :37:34. | :37:37. | |
much, and indeed get themselves into terrible trouble? Well, had Martha | :37:38. | :37:41. | |
taken something that was licensed and regulated with a label, with | :37:42. | :37:45. | |
ingredients, and dosage information, she wouldn't have taken enough for | :37:46. | :37:49. | |
five to ten people and I believe she would still be here today. You don't | :37:50. | :37:52. | |
want to think of your child taking drugs but if they are going to do it | :37:53. | :37:57. | |
anyway I'd rather they get something from a licensed dealer than from the | :37:58. | :38:01. | |
black market. What do you think of the whole just say no? It's out of | :38:02. | :38:07. | |
date, it doesn't work. I said just say no, instead of telling Martha | :38:08. | :38:10. | |
what she needed to note based on what she was doing. We need to | :38:11. | :38:16. | |
engage with this properly and we need to be realistic about modern | :38:17. | :38:20. | |
society. But some, I suppose, would say that the just say no works for | :38:21. | :38:28. | |
some kids and some just say no to heavy alcohol use works as well and | :38:29. | :38:33. | |
it's legalised. So, actually, does there need to be a clear message | :38:34. | :38:39. | |
anyway about drugs? About what drugs are, about handling drugs and so | :38:40. | :38:43. | |
forth. The only way we can do that is to get it out into the open, to | :38:44. | :38:48. | |
shed complete light on the truth of drugs, the good, the bad and the | :38:49. | :38:52. | |
ugly and the only way we can get rid of the black market is by a legal | :38:53. | :38:57. | |
and regulatory model meaning you can fully educate people, they note the | :38:58. | :39:02. | |
parameters, they know what it contains and so on. You can't | :39:03. | :39:04. | |
educate at the moment that it might have this in it or it might... In | :39:05. | :39:11. | |
Martha's case she had no idea it was 91% pure. | :39:12. | :39:15. | |
There will be other parents who will take a diametrically opposed views | :39:16. | :39:21. | |
to you because they think actually nothing would be further from what | :39:22. | :39:26. | |
they want to see that legalise drugs were on the streets. Well, I wish I | :39:27. | :39:31. | |
had the luxury of still being a parent. On their behalf I'm talking | :39:32. | :39:35. | |
about the subject so they don't become me. Anne-Marie Cockburn, | :39:36. | :39:42. | |
thank you very much indeed. Thank you. | :39:43. | :39:44. | |
For much of the last year Britain has been divided into two, | :39:45. | :39:47. | |
at times seemingly irreconcilable tribes - | :39:48. | :39:53. | |
Or Remoaners, depending on your point of view. | :39:54. | :39:58. | |
But with the start of our formal divorce from the EU days away, | :39:59. | :40:01. | |
we've been doing our bit for national unity by inviting | :40:02. | :40:03. | |
prominent Remainers to find at least one positive thing | :40:04. | :40:05. | |
Tonight the News Statesman's Stephen Bush raises a glass to Brexit. | :40:06. | :40:14. | |
It's become one of the most reliable and soul-destroying | :40:15. | :40:18. | |
cliches of our politics, that you can't talk | :40:19. | :40:20. | |
Of course, that isn't true, as a cursory glance at a British | :40:21. | :40:26. | |
But it is true to say that while we've been in the EU, | :40:27. | :40:30. | |
we haven't been able to control most of the immigration to Britain. | :40:31. | :40:34. | |
This has meant that our politicians have avoided talking up the benefits | :40:35. | :40:38. | |
of immigration and have erected ever crueller barriers to people who wish | :40:39. | :40:41. | |
Now that we are leaving, we can at least have an honest conversation | :40:42. | :40:46. | |
about who we want to come here and how we treat | :40:47. | :40:49. | |
We leave you with the camera work of Jeremy Jones | :40:50. | :41:04. | |
Jeremy records aeroplanes taking off and landing, and he was filming | :41:05. | :41:08. | |
at Birmingham Airport in the middle of Storm Doris last month. | :41:09. | :41:12. | |
In a 60mph crosswind he witnessed more than a few | :41:13. | :41:14. | |
hair-raising moments during aborted landings - none more so than this | :41:15. | :41:17. | |
one, made by William Barron, the pilot of Monarch Flight 971J. | :41:18. | :42:06. | |
Hello. Snow, ice and heavy rain in the forecast | :42:07. | :42:07. |