12/05/2017 Newsnight

A global cyber attack has disrupted NHS hospitals and GP surgeries

in England and Scotland resulting in cancelled

It replicates itself on one computer to the next and there's

So who and what is behind the attack - and can they be stopped?

Tonight a former hacker, a former GCHQ boss, and the Chair

What's it like for one of the rising young stars of the Labour Party,

who's not a Corbyn fan, selling the manifesto on the doorstep?

I think it does make it easier when you have some

clear lines in the sand between you and the other side.

So yeah, I think it will make it easier, actually,

Missing in general election action...

We go in search of one of the most senior figures

in Theresa May's Cabinet, to try to find out if

Andrea Leadsom, Secretary of State for what used

And - Caitlyn Jenner, who before she transitioned

And - Caitlyn Jenner, who before she transitioned from Bruce,

was feted as one of the most famous athletes in the world,

talks about her long and difficult journey to womanhood.

It takes a while, time, not two years in, to kind of leave Bruce

behind, because he is still in there.

Good evening - as we go on air the extent of the international

ransomware cyber hack on 70 countries, which has struck NHS

hospitals and GP surgeries in England and Scotland

25 NHS Trusts in England and nine commissioning groups, and five

NHS Trusts in Scotland have been affected.

Several hospitals have announced that only patients requiring

emergency treatment should attend A and some surgery

Many Heathcare Trusts have switched off their IT systems which control

everything from x-ray imaging systems, to pathology test results,

phone and bleep systems, and patients' administrative

Tonight the Prime Minister said the government was not aware of any

evidence that patient data had been compromised.

Well we're aware that a number of NHS organisations have reported

that they've suffered from a ransomware attack.

It's an international attack and a number

of countries and organisations have been affected.

The National Cyber Security Centre is working closely with NHS Digital

to ensure that they support the organisations concerned and that

Our technology editor David Grossman is with me now and has been

following this story this evening...

Just how deep are the tentacles of this ransomware? We know that it

affects Windows operating systems by Microsoft. Over the Easter weekend,

somebody dumped on the Internet on an obscure website tools to exploit

former abilities. Who did it, we do not know. But rumours are swirling

on the Internet that the tools were developed by the American National

Security Agency. We know from Wikileaks they have those kinds of

capabilities but we cannot verify whether tools came from or who use

them. We know that somebody exploited the vulnerabilities that

those tools exploited to attack a lot of organisations. They spread

the malware around the Internet using ransomware. Microsoft say that

all that was necessary for anyone to protect themselves was to use free

antivirus software, and make sure operating systems were regularly

updated. Microsoft issued the patches. The question is, why didn't

the NHS do that, why were they vulnerable? Today we found out it

seems the NHS is especially vulnerable because they've not been

able to afford to update all of their systems. Some are so elderly

they cannot be patched. Just as hospitals have had

to urgently update their response to the threat of superbugs,

so they are now having to consider their digital hygiene,

how to stop machines getting infected and then, spreading

a virus to others in the network. It kind of replicates

itself from one computer to the next and there's

really no stopping it, it spreads The NHS, it seems,

was not specifically targeted but it has been

particularly vulnerable. In terms of the NHS,

there have been individual malware attacks on individual

trusts over the last 18 months but this

is the first time we've had 21 trusts

who have been affected so it's affecting multiple trusts

at the same time and This is the screen that appeared

in hospitals and GP surgeries demanding a $300 ransom to unlock

files and It meant cancelled

operations and treatments. I had a cannula,

I daren't show you... They had shaved, they

were going to open me At half past one the surgeon

turned up and said unfortunately we've been hacked

and there's nothing we can do, What will be particularly

alarming to ministers and officials at the

Department of Health is how apparently simple

this It doesn't seem to be the work

of hacking geniuses, it's more the cyber equivalent

of a street robbery - and yet it's managed

to Someone, somewhere in the NHS

system, it seems, opened an e-mail attachment or clicked on a link

which let the malware in. This threat, though,

has been known about for at least six weeks

and security patches to protect against it

have But it seems many NHS machines had

not been updated and Krishna Guntupalli is an NHS

doctor who has studied He wrote an article

warning about the possibility of a major

shutdown just two days wasn't talking about the hospital

where he works, which is unaffected These operating systems

tends to be quite old. So a study in January

suggested that 90% of NHS trusts use Windows XP

operating systems, which was released 15, 16 years

ago by Microsoft and isn't being patched

or fixed by Microsoft, and they've

advised people to upgrade. The problem is, it's

not the same as a In a health care organisation,

you have proprietary That means unfortunately health care

organisations may be some of the last to upgrade from old operating

systems or programmes. That increases their

vulnerabilities. That is what the hackers

are exploiting. The solution is simple -

but for cash-strapped NHS Not using out of date software,

not using systems that are just too There's got to be

something that's done. If you constantly use

old technology that's been hacked easily, or can easily be

compromised, you can This attack doesn't seem to have

resulted in any data loss, but the kind of personal information

that hospitals hold is really You can, after all,

change your credit card number or your bank details quite easily -

but you can't change your date First and foremost,

we hold patient data. And this data is sensitive,

including clinical information, All of this can be sold by hackers

and we don't know exactly, but maybe about ten times as much

as credit card information. In a statement, the NHS in England

said that patients should continue using GP and hospital services

while they need them but ask them to use them wisely

while what they call this major Jake Davis is a reformed hacker,

who found global infamy in 2011 as 'Topiary' -

the face of the notorious He was convicted of hacking

in 2013 and now works Professor Helen Stokes-Lampard

is chair of the Royal College of GPs Council -

and joining us from Bristol is Brian Lord, former GCHQ

Deputy Director for Intelligence Good evening. First of all,

Professor Stokes, what is the impact on services and what will it be over

the next few days? So far we know quite a lot of GP services and

hospital services have been shutdown in terms of IT systems but for those

patients who need urgent care, doctors and patients were trained to

look after patients before we had computers. We can still talk to them

and examine them and make decisions on the basis of what we see and

feel, not what the computers tell us. When you listen to David

Grossman and the doctor there saying the scope of the hack, you have

sensitive information on computers and a lot of these NHS computers are

out of time? Yes, but they have been a good seven so far. The systems are

backed up. The data is safe, it is there. But we have an absence of

data in the short-term to help us deal with patients, putting them

through the systems. It is going to be a bit disrupted. David Grossman

there said that some of the NHS equipment is so elderly it cannot be

patched so you will need new systems? Indeed, and ourselves and

other colleges have called for serious infrastructure investment

for a long time. It's overdue. GCHQ's position, everyone is calling

for all sorts of ways to fix this tonight, who is at work here?

Firstly, there will be two time so -- types of response. GCHQ and the

National Crime Agency are looking at the crime itself, then you have

cyber Security centres working with NHS Digital to work out how they can

resolve the issue. This is the next step up for international organised

crime. International organised crime began with low-level theft and

low-level use of ransomware. By and large they have contracted it out

and are now moving to larger scale, far more sustained and coordinated

efforts, whether it is getting inside the infrastructure of banks

or, as we can see here, a well timed and well co-ordinated delivery of a

simple tool, but delivered at mass scale into vulnerable areas. The

vulnerable area is the NHS. As far as we know it's not in areas, like

banks or operating systems for the NEG industry, it is only the NHS? --

energy industry. The NHS is especially vulnerable due to the old

nature of its IT systems, and also because it is very complex with

interconnectivity between surgeries, trusts, boards, and so on.

Consequently, there is an awful lot of openings for delivery of this

kind of basic malware. Jake Davis, you have been a hacker in the past,

what do you think is going on? I think what is terrifying is how

simple it is. The kind of attack and ransomware that was deployed, it may

have been a sophisticated criminal organisation or just some kid that

hit a go button and a worm has spread. They've woken up and gone, I

have 50,000 computers... It wasn't only the NHS, they were hit

completely by accident, Telefonica as well... Yes, in 70 different

countries. They are putting at this ransomware, paid $300... Do people

pay up? In this ransomware there is a Bitcoin address to pay the ransom.

We've seen a few been paid through it. So it is working? Yes, it

encrypts the files. You've been on the other side of the law? You

agree? Yes. Those who are incredibly what I'll -- well-connected, are you

working to sort this? Yes, I have spoken to security researchers,

talented people as to why it exists and what is to be patched to stop it

in future. How long in your view will this infection go on? In order

to fix it, you just need to update one thing. It is a simple patch that

was released by Microsoft two months ago. It works because systems have

not patched it. It isn't the problem here that it may be relatively

simple and, as far as we know, reasonably benign will stop

reasonably benign. It isn't the problem that we see that one simple

button press by an organisation that perhaps has really nefarious reasons

for doing it could be very dangerous for the world? Yes, it can, in

certain circumstances. What is interesting about what happened

here, there's been a double whammy. Firstly, you have the ability of

ransomware to propagate itself or the system but also, because of the

nature of the NHS and probably within the NHS, not a full

understanding of exactly how they are configured, they've had to take

down just about everything because of their dependence upon IT. It is

the response to the ransomware, as well as that infection, which has

almost bought a National Service to its knees. I think that is probably

impossible to replicate in other sectors. What is the chance of

catching them? I think the chances of catching them are probably very

slim in the short to medium-term future. Thank you very much indeed.

This was the week when Labour's 45 page draft manifesto was leaked

and Jeremy Corbyn was accused of taking the party back

The manifesto is now set in stone, though not formally published -

so how is it playing on the doorsteps, particularly

where the Labour candidate has been openly and repeatedly critical

Emily spent the day in Birmingham Yardley constituency where,

to say that Jess Phillips is outspoken, is

Look for the beating heart of Birmingham Yardley on Friday

evening and you'll end up here, a Muslim barbers named

after Italian mobsters, where they come in droves on payday.

Friday prayer and straight to the barbers for my weekly haircut

The business is as old as the last Parliament, set up two short years

ago by brothers who tell me they work a seven-day week.

They come for razor cuts, skin fades and eyebrow threading,

They're local boys, who work mostly in Birmingham's car industry

- and I want to know if next month's election is on their mind.

Normally a voter, yeah, normally Labour.

But obviously, things are changing now.

Whatever suits my needs, that's what I'm going to go with now.

What do you mean, things are changing?

Moneywise, you're working, you've got to look at your family

Whatever the best deal is for your family.

So might it be Conservative this time round?

I tend to go with the majority - my peers, my close relations,

I tend to go along with that at times.

Do you get the sense that a lot of people are voting this time

I don't think a lot of the youth out there is interested.

This time it feels like more of the election enthusiasm

on the doorstep comes from its canine community.

But this is a battle ground seat in more ways than one.

A surprise gain for Labour in 2015 from the imploding Lib Dems,

the two candidates face each other again in a fight both

This bit is one of the more affluent bits of my constituency.

We've come to find Jess Phillips, a self-styled everywoman,

Did you vote Labour in the last general election?

Don't worry, I won't be offended if you didn't vote.

Will you be getting out to vote on June the 8th?

I've generally always voted for the Labour Party.

She's no fan of her leader, Jeremy Corbyn, but I wonder

if Labour's leaked manifesto has given her ammunition

I think it does make it easier when you have some

clear line in the sand between you and the other side.

So yeah, I think it will make it easier, actually,

There is no doubt about it that people feel that,

whilst they may have voted Labour in the past, they are not

Because, as you said, there's a shopping list of policies now,

they are pretty attractive to a lot of people.

Actually I think they probably will be a bit more sure

after the manifesto, if it reaches them.

Actually what is in the manifesto, aside from some of the stuff around

nationalising things, it really is the kind of thing that

How do you make sense, then, and we're trying

to make sense of this, that when Jeremy Corbyn goes

into the country he has these amazing crowds,

there is noise and excitement and enthusiasm, and the polls

I think it is a potentially dangerous thing for him

because if you have a feedback loop that is always kind to you,

you might not be getting the real sense of the picture.

Theresa May is guilty of this as well at the moment,

I think she's closing herself off and only allowing the

This isn't Jeremy Corbyn's problem alone.

Her Lib Dem opponent in this seat, the MP before her, is John Hemming.

The Lib Dems are really hoping for a resurgence this time round.

I wouldn't say it's going massively well but in Yardley it's going well.

I don't know about other places because it's difficult to tell.

When I'm talking to people on the doorstep it's very

The Conservative Party candidate is duly elected.

And what was once a two horse race has just been re-energised

Last week I was elected across all of the West Midlands as the mayor,

as a Conservative candidate and I think something very

significant happened last week because people said,

let's think about whether our traditional loyalty

to the Labour Party really has delivered for us.

A month from today the political map will be re-drawn.

The bubble may talk of landslides and resurrection, crushing defeat

or party splits but much of the country will simply carry

on and do what they do on any other Friday night.

And here is a full list of candidates who are running for

election in the Birmingham Yardley constituency.

Well the Labour manifesto leak meant this last week wasn't quite

what we had been expecting for the election campaign.

Four weeks tonight we'll be digesting the results -

so let's touch in with our regular panel of experts and assess

I'm joined by Camilla Cavendish, who was Head of Policy at Number Ten

under David Cameron's premiership and the author, journalist

Good evening to you both. Listening to Jess Phillips, quite an

interesting tactic, however this manifesto draft was leaked, it gave

the candidates something to speak about that wasn't Corbyn. I think

that's probably right. She said that there is a dividing line between the

parties, well, boy, there is now! The question is, will the country go

for a prospectus that is a throwback to the 70s, huge and costed

promises? I don't think the country will go for it. Theresa May, rather

than talking about the manifesto, which she won't do, she is sticking

with Corbyn and today she said that Corbyn has abandoned patriotic

working-class voters. She doesn't have any truck with the manifesto.

Let's talk about the manifesto because for us it was fortuitous, it

created drama in the election and content. Exactly. We haven't had

much. People say that it is a throwback to the 70s, so many voters

are of my age, mid-50s and above, many of them would look at the 60s

and 70s as a good period. Yes but you need the younger voters who

aren't voting. I couldn't wait to get out and say, we will give you a

free university education, like I had in the 70s that enabled my

generation to have such great social mobility. They understand that. But

who will pay for it? I wouldn't worry about the uncosted nature. I

know the team working on the costings, they've been over it

several times. The tag line that is sensible, what is the economic

impact of taking up so much tax? The tax will be collected. The leak was

interesting because it added drama. Was it the moderates trying to

change it or was it the left saying it is better than Corbyn delivering

it? I suspected it was the left but I'm pretty confident that it was

Jeremy Corbyn's enemies. Some popular measures, let's have 6

billion a year for education, 6 billion a year for the NHS by the

end of the Parliament, let's have note to wish and fees. Some things

struck a chord -- tuition fees. Usually there are some interesting

things in the manifesto and there are a couple of things which are

actually quite sensible. Abolishing the idea of quarterly returns for

small businesses, hooray. Nationalising the railways, a lot of

people who are trying to get an Southern Rail and haven't been able

to get to work know that there is something wrong. In London. The East

Coast Main Line was nationalised and has worked well. Network Rail is

nationalised but you have private franchises so it's not entirely

crazy but the totality of it doesn't add up. What Theresa May said at the

beginning of the week, she would stick to the idea of limited

immigration in the tens of thousands, Jeremy Corbyn has said

little at all about it. Was she right to announce that? They've

never managed to do it. It didn't surprise me that she has stuck to

it. I think she believes that you must have a stretch target and I

think she believes... Willemse deliver it? That's a good question

-- will see deliver it? She kept the students in the target which is

going to make it much harder. On the other hand Jeremy Corbyn says

nothing much about immigration which is going to go down badly with the

Ukip voters that he wants to get. Labour have been pitched as not

Ukip. Some Labour voters voted for Ukip last time round. They will

appeal to the centre in politics that they want to commit, that they

have a the main and stable solution to what the country becomes after

Brexit -- humane. Companies are saying to them, there won't be any

fewer migrants after Brexit because we can't function without them. I

think Theresa May keeping the tens of thousands target is interesting

because you could have slipped the students out of it, making it more

achievable but she missed it every other time so why should she hit it

now? Jeremy Corbyn must say something about immigration because

in those 45 pages there was virtually nothing. The point about

what is there, it is an offer to people to say that we can solve a

lot of what your problems seem to be by very radical measures which

redistribution wealth and empower you at work. When you talk to

working-class people about migrants and immigration you find very few

Mac who claim to dislike the migrants themselves. Therefore it is

a different kind of xenophobia that we're dealing with. You can deal

with it with radical economic offers to people who believe they have been

given nothing by the present system. But it is work that is missing from

the manifesto, how are we going to create the jobs? There are plenty of

jobs. Where is the prospectus for skills? They are the questions.

Luckily we have four more weeks to answer some of these questions!

Thank you for joining us. In a general election campaign it's

normal for the political parties to put their big guns out around

the country and there are no bigger guns for the Conservatives

than the Prime Minister But a significant number of these

souls have been all but silent, causing some to wonder whether this

campaign is one of the most carefully controlled

and sanitised we've seen. One of those who appears to have

gone missing in action is Environment Secretary Andrea

Leadsom. You might have expected to have

seen her on national TV recently - especially as the Tories

announced their anti-pollution But no, Andrea Leadsom seems

to be the nowhere woman. There's an election on and senior

Tories are in short supply but one And the Conservative Energy

Minister, Andrea Leadsom. Less than a year ago,

the Brexiteer wowed Wembley. We should take back control and look

after our own society. Andrea was all over the airwaves,

running but losing Leadsom was catapulted

into the Cabinet but once On big days for her Environment

Department, like last week when it was in the firing line over

diesel pollution, she The Tory machine told us

the Prime Minister's former We contacted Andrea's

agent repeatedly. Conservative Central Office

won't tell us where she is. So I tracked down the address

of her local Conservative club One of my team of researchers

rings me and it's a hot lead. Andrea Leadsom has just tweeted,

"On my way to Cornwall to support some Tory MPs.

Lots of singing in the car." Our problem, we are

in Northamptonshire. So, why are we following

Andrea Leadsom to the edge You could say we're mucking

about and there is an element of truth in that, but

also the other thing. This general election has the feel

of the most controlled, stage-managed and yes,

boring election ever. And that can't be good

for our democratic system. In the morning it begins

to dawn on me just how She's in Cornwall,

but I have no idea where. Andrea Leadsom, Secretary

of State for what used To be frank with you,

I don't think she's here. So, we're trying to get in touch

with a guy called Luke, who we think We've phoned him several times

and he's never phoned us back. I'm not saying the hunt for Andrea

is getting desperate, but the hunt for Andrea

is getting desperate. We've had a tip-off that

Andrea Leadsom is on a farm, talking to farmers just

here up the road. It's private property

so we can't film on it. I'm going to get out the van and see

if I can talk to her. The lady in the farmhouse said,

she's been and gone. It's now 25 past, so we

only just missed her. The search for Andrea

Leadsom continues. You may know John Sweeney

from the BBC... At wits end, time for a where's

Andrea appeal on local radio. One listener rings in to tell us

she's been spotted in Penzance. She's even tweeted a picture

of herself campaigning by the sea, Look at the detail in

the back of the picture. There's Saint Michael's Mount,

there's the red boat. It's exciting to think that

Andrea Leadsom stood on this very spot, but the truth is,

we've missed her. But then, just as we

were about to leave, So, Andrea Leadsom is playing

cat and mouse with us. I tweeted at her,

where's Andrea Leadsom? And she's just tweeted

a picture of some woods. We want to interview her,

we want to ask questions, there's a general election,

she's a cabinet minister. It could be any woods in the whole

of the West Country. Was the tweet a sly wink from her,

that she's been told to stay shtum? I'm from BBC Newsnight,

have you seen Andrea Leadsom? She was in Penzance

to talk to fishermen. Sadly we couldn't find

any who'd met her. We've grown used to the idea

of message discipline since New Labour and its pager

culture but disappearing ministers, that seems a whole new level

of control freakery. And as for the missing

woman herself? We tried our hardest

but Andrea Leadsom was, Inspector Sweeney there.

the one that got away. And we'll be despatching him to hunt

for missing politicians from other We did ask Tory Central Office

if they'd told Leadsom and others not to speak to Newsnight

during the campaign Caitlyn Jenner was the archetypal

American jock, one of the United States most famous

and revered athletes who, as Bruce Jenner, took

Olympic Gold in the Decathlon at Montreal in 1976,

and broke the world record. Fast forward almost 40

years, and the star, part of the Keeping Up

with the Kardashians reality TV extravaganza

as husband of Kris Kardashian, revealed that they had

separated and subsequently Caitlyn had known since teenage

years that she wanted to be a woman but there were three marriages

and ten children and step In 2015, she went public

with her new life in a spectacularly glamorous way, and in January this

year she completed her sex Now in her new book 'The Secrets

of My Life', she has told the story of her long and difficult journey

from Bruce to Caitlyn. At the heart of this

book, I think there's an overwhelming sadness,

in a way, in a sense you had to live so much of your life outwardly

to the world as if everything is fine, and yet there is been this

incredible subterfuge though that actually you can have

all the adulation outside but what matters to you is 20

minutes where you can secretly be That was a constant struggle

and even after the games, many years ago, I remembered

the next morning getting up and looking in the mirror

and putting the gold medal around my neck, didn't

have a stitch of clothes on, looking in the mirror and I thought,

oh my God, did I build up such a character here that I'm stuck

with him for the rest of my life? Because that's not me,

it's not who I am. You talk about a moment when you are

about to have an operation to reduce your Adam's apple and it

got out, it might have You felt very low and I wonder,

did you feel suicidal? I was home, walking up and down,

3am in the morning, walking up and down the hallway of my house

and knowing that this is probably And honestly at that point I didn't

really want to deal with it because I knew the paparazzi

would be going crazy on me, And I thought, you know,

the easy thing is to go in the other room and end it right here, end

the story right here, and I don't That and my conversation with God

were the turning points. The next day I thought,

wasn't that stupid, thinking Germaine Greer put her foot

into this controversy, she'd been in it before

but she put her foot in this controversy last year

on Australian television, that a man who has lived for 40

years as a man and has had children, it's not fair for the man to decide

that he is a woman." I can see that and I respect that

opinion and you're absolutely right, I will never bear children,

I have a lot of children And yeah, but that doesn't make me

any less of who I was. This woman living inside me has

been there all my life, it's time to let her live,

it's time to give her a chance. To be honest with you,

Bruce did everything Bruce could do. Honestly, that was more

difficult, to come out You're also a supporter

of Donald Trump and at first, he said, during the campaign, he

supported the idea that LGBTQ people could use, for example,

the rest rooms that they wished, Is that the kind of thing

you should be campaigning on? People say that I'm

a supporter of Donald Trump. No, I like the Republican

party because I believe in limited government,

I believe in the people of this If we're going to get out of this

mess that we are in, it's going to be the people,

not the government, was our candidate so I'm

going to vote for him, I thought he would be pretty good

when it comes to LGBT issues. I talked to him in the campaign

and he put out some federal guidelines which I think

is important when it comes to dealing with LGBT

issues and trans issues. I was tweeting about it,

I went public about it. He wants me to play golf with him

but I can't, because I'd be But isn't that the best way to get

to him, on the golf course? From my standpoint, I would spend

four hours with him and say, Inwardly, do you allow yourself

to feel it or has it always been You talk about having

the soul of a woman. Have you changed in any

way, do you think? I've been able to see the world

from the other side. It takes a while, time, not two

years in, to leave Bruce behind. Do you think there's a more

nurturing side of you that's allowed to come out now, or have

you always been like that? I've always had a nurturing side

to meet but definitely I had my 11th grandchild

the other day. You know what's cool

about grandchildren? My relationships

with all of my family, very close friends, in most cases

has gotten better. I don't have all of

the turmoil inside of me, Caitlyn Jenner, thank

you very much indeed. Before we go, Britain's

oldest swimming pool - Victoria Baths in Manchester -

will be open for swimming for the first time in

24 years this Sunday. The 101-year-old baths fell

into disrepair in the 90s, but after winning the BBC's

Restoration competition in 2003, they are slowly

on the way back to life. They will open for one day only,

but organisers hope the money raised from the event will allow them

to complete the restoration. Here's a look at

Manchester's so-called as the fishermen like to say,

the one that got away. Hello. A weekend of sunny spells and

showers but not in equal measure. On Saturday, the south-east of England

will do well in terms of staying dry with some sunshine. Some showers but

you're much more likely to see them in the north and